ProjectBalangay Final Report

#ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

ii #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

#ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio- Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts Produced by: The Local Governance Regional Resource Center (LGRRC) – National Capital Region Through the leadership of Maria Lourdes L. Agustin, CESO III Regional Director, DILG-NCR Project Head: Atty. Ana Lyn R. Baltazar-Cortez, CESO V OIC-Assistant Regional Director and LGRRC Program Manager Proponents: Helen A. Verzosa Chief, Local Government Capacity Development Division (LGCDD) and LGRRC Core Team Member Ana Jury H. Castillo LGOO VI/Assistant Division Chief, LGCDD Raymond Gerard E. De Asis LGOO VI/Regional Focal Person – Capacitating Urban Communities for Peace and Development (CUCPD) Authors: Earl Orio Development Management Officer IV Leonides Frago, Jr. Development Management Officer IV Paul John L. Garcia Development Management Officer III Yasser C. Gutierrez Consultant Published October 2021 iii #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Table of Contents Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts iii I. List of Figures vi II. List of Tables viii I. Background and Rationale 1 II. #ProjectBalangay and the 8 Pillars of Positive Peace 1 Research and Project Assumptions 2 Objectives 2 III. Operationalization/Research Design and Outputs 3 IV. Limitations 3 V. General Findings 4 Quality Review of Peace and Development Plans 4 i. General Quality and Formatting 4 ii. Frequency of Issues 5 iii. Interventions 5 iv. Limitations 6 On the Establishment of the CUCPD Barangay Task Force 7 As to the organization of the CUCPD Task Force 9 VI. Organizational Development Approach in developing the CUCPD Task Forces 13 Leadership and governance 13 Strategy 16 Systems and policies 17 Operations 19 Infrastructure 20 Gender and Development 21 Alliance 22 VII. Community Development Approach: Baseline Sectoral Issues and Needs Assessment 24 Youth and Student Sector 24 Labor Sector 34 Transport sector 42 Urban Poor 47 Women’s Sector 55 VIII. Competency Assessment (Analysis, Conclusions, and Recommendations) 60 IX. General Recommendations on the Organizational Development of the CUCPD Task Force/s and Next Steps 62 A. General recommendations 62 B. Recommendations as to the competency assessment 63 I. Annex 1. Baseline Organizational Assessment Tool 64 iv #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

A. Establishment of CUCPD Task force 65 B. Leadership and Governance 66 C. Strategy 67 D. Systems and Policies 67 E. Operations 68 F. Infrastructure 69 G. GENDER AND DEVELOPMENT 70 H. Network/ALLIANCE Building 70 B. Baseline Sectoral Issues and Needs Assessment Tool 72 A. SECTOR 1: YOUTH AND STUDENT 72 B. SECTOR 2: LABOR AND EMPLOYMENT 75 C. SECTOR 3: TRANSPORT 78 D. SECTOR 4: URBAN POOR 81 E. SECTOR 5: WOMEN 83 C. Competency Assessment Tool 86 v #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 1. Frequency of Issues (included in the submitted peace plans/agenda) .....................5 Figure 2. Proposed Interventions based on reviewed BPOPS/BDPS (from least to most) .....6 Figure 3. Sentiment analysis on the qualitative feedback re: creation and operations of the CUCPD ......................................................................................................................................7 Figure 4. Establishment of the Barangay CUCPD Task Force.................................................9 Figure 5. Presence of CUCPD's vision and mission .................................................................9 Figure 6. Participation in visioning process of the CUCPD.....................................................10 Figure 7. Clarity of vision among members.............................................................................10 Figure 8. Leadership and Governance – Structure of the organization..................................13 Figure 9. Leadership and Governance - Conduct of Meetings and Planning of Activities .....14 Figure 10. Leadership and Governance - Participation and Fulfilment of Duties...................14 Figure 11. Strategy - Plans with clear and measurable outcomes .........................................16 Figure 12. Strategy – Integrating Peacebuilding in various barangay plans ..........................16 Figure 13. Strategy - Conduct of regular planning ..................................................................17 Figure 14. Systems and Policies - Presence of Clear Policy and Guidelines ........................17 Figure 15. Systems and Policies - Linkage with DILG as to operationalization of the CUCPD ..................................................................................................................................................18 Figure 16. Systems and policies - System of informing the public on CUCPD ......................18 Figure 17. Operations - Presence of Monitoring and Evaluation System...............................19 Figure 18. Operations - Presence of Members with knowledge and capacity to manage the CUCPD Task Force .................................................................................................................19 Figure 19. Operations – Sufficiency of funds ..........................................................................20 Figure 20. Infrastructure - Availability and sufficiency of facilities and equipment for peace and order PPAs...............................................................................................................................20 Figure 21. Infrastructure - Knowledge on the use of technology ............................................21 Figure 22. Gender and Development - Importance of Women's Participation in planning and decision-making .......................................................................................................................21 Figure 23. Gender and Development - Presence of women representatives ........................22 Figure 24. Gender and Development - Sufficiency of Funds for women-specific programs..22 Figure 25. Alliance - Presence of Accredited CSOs/NGOs/POs ............................................23 Figure 26. Alliance - Linkages and partnerships with various agencies and entities for development-oriented activities ...............................................................................................23 Figure 27. Alliance - Representation of CSOs in the CUCPD Task Force.............................24 Figure 28. Satisfaction on Youth Sector Issues and Concerns ..............................................25 Figure 29. Availability of programs/projects promoting healthy living among the youth ........25 Figure 30. Physical and sexual health among the youth ........................................................26 Figure 31. Addressing and responding to sexual risk-taking behaviours among the youth...26 Figure 32. Addressing psychosocial needs of the youth ........................................................27 Figure 33. Accessibility of health services for the youth .........................................................27 Figure 34. Information campaign on the responsible use of social media among the youth .28 Figure 35. Ensuring accessible and quality education for all..................................................28 Figure 36. Ensuring safe recreational opportunities for children and youth. ..........................29 Figure 37. Provision of effective skills training to prepare the youth for the labor force.........29 Figure 38. Addressing the increasing number of youth entering the unsafe and illegal labor. ..................................................................................................................................................30 Figure 39. Promotion of youth participation in entrepreneurial activities................................30 Figure 40. Employment enrichment support program and system for the youth to have decent work..........................................................................................................................................31 Figure 41. Existence of barangay non-discrimination policy that recognizes the rights of the youth with disability, member of the LGBTQ+ and ethnic minority. ........................................31 Figure 42. Recognition and support to community organizations engaged in promoting the interest of the youth. ................................................................................................................32 Figure 43. Provision of human rights education among the youth .........................................32 vi #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 44. Ensuring the protection of the youth from harm due to armed conflict and violation of human rights. .......................................................................................................................33 Figure 45. Active participation of the Sangguniang Kabataan and other youth organizations in the decision-making and community activities ........................................................................33 Figure 46. Youth representation in the bureaucracy of the barangay. ...................................34 Figure 47. Youth's participation in the discussion of environmental issues ...........................34 Figure 48. Satisfaction on Labor Sector Issues and Concerns ..............................................35 Figure 49. Clear and concrete agenda and programs for labor and employment..................35 Figure 50. Streamlining of labor and employment-related processes and frontline services 36 Figure 51. Appointment of Barangay Public Employment Service Coordinator .....................36 Figure 52. Availability or promotion of youth employment programs......................................37 Figure 53. Existence of a policy that aims to recognize and uphold workers’ rights and welfare. ..................................................................................................................................................37 Figure 54. Policy ensuring occupational health and safety standards and drug-free environment .............................................................................................................................38 Figure 55. Compliance with labor-related laws .......................................................................38 Figure 56. Systems/processes for labor and employment-related complaints.......................39 Figure 57. Existence of policy or programs that promotes the welfare of OFWs ...................39 Figure 58. Collaboration with various agencies and organizations to provide employment reintegration services and livelihood opportunities for the residents. .....................................40 Figure 59. Recognizing the importance of labor groups or unions .........................................40 Figure 60. Recognizing the importance of workers’ participation in policy and decision-making ..................................................................................................................................................41 Figure 61. Encouraging the formation and growth of barangay micro business enterprises. 41 Figure 62. Promoting decent work and sustainable livelihood ...............................................42 Figure 63. Creating livelihood opportunities for displaced workers due to the pandemic ......42 Figure 64. Satisfaction on Transport Sector Issues and Concerns ........................................43 Figure 65. Adoption of ordinances or resolutions to implement fair transport policies like fair transport rates..........................................................................................................................43 Figure 66. Coordination with operators and drivers’ associations to ensure their welfare and interests....................................................................................................................................44 Figure 67. Monitoring fare rates, fuel prices, and complaints of operators and drivers, and traffic conditions .......................................................................................................................44 Figure 68. Monitoring of registered public vehicles.................................................................45 Figure 69. Coordination with the LGU and other government agencies on various traffic rules and policies ..............................................................................................................................45 Figure 70. Proactive response of the barangay amid the temporary halt to public vehicle operations due to the pandemic. .............................................................................................46 Figure 71. Adequate capacity and mechanisms to address the complaints of passengers and pedestrians...............................................................................................................................46 Figure 72. Public information dissemination on traffic laws and road etiquette. ....................47 Figure 73. Road Safety for All .................................................................................................47 Figure 74. Satisfaction on Urban Poor Sector's Issues and Concerns...................................48 Figure 75. Comprehensive agenda and programs to address the basic needs of the urban poor ..........................................................................................................................................48 Figure 76. Sufficiency of funds for the urban poor PPAs ........................................................49 Figure 77. Active participation and representation of the urban poor in the policy and decision- making processes ....................................................................................................................49 Figure 78. Coordination with various urban poor associations ...............................................50 Figure 79. Strong partnership with the LGU, government agencies, and civil society organizations............................................................................................................................50 Figure 80. Ensuring peace and security in urban poor communities, and curbing criminality ..................................................................................................................................................51 vii #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 81. Food security assistance for the urban poor through advocating urban agriculture/farming ...................................................................................................................51 Figure 82. Trainings to equip the urban poor in times of disaster and calamities ..................52 Figure 83. Maintaining cleanliness in urban poor communities..............................................52 Figure 84. Coordination with LGU and various government agencies to provide adequate livelihood opportunities and decent jobs .................................................................................53 Figure 85. Collaboration with the service providers to ensure clean and safe drinking water for all .............................................................................................................................................. 53 Figure 86. Mediating peaceful resolutions of tenancy disputes..............................................54 Figure 87. Responding to the urgent needs of the urban poor after placing the country under community quarantine .............................................................................................................54 Figure 88. Satisfaction of Women's Sector's Issues and Concerns .......................................55 Figure 89. Recognizing the rights and welfare of women and prioritization of programs for women empowerment and gender equality ............................................................................55 Figure 90. Sufficient funds for women-specific programs and projects..................................56 Figure 91. Ensuring meaningful participation and representation of women in all the endeavours ..............................................................................................................................56 Figure 92. Institutionalizing women in leadership roles within various committees and barangay-based institutions.....................................................................................................57 Figure 93. Adequate knowledge and capacity in developing and lobbying Barangay Gender and Development (GAD) Plan and Budget. ............................................................................57 Figure 94. Concrete and strong policy and strategies to address violence against women. .58 Figure 95. Recognition of the rights and benefits of solo parents and their children in the barangay ..................................................................................................................................58 Figure 96. Organizing skills training and ensuring sustainable livelihood opportunities for the women......................................................................................................................................59 Figure 97. Promotion of women’s sexual and reproductive health in the barangay. .............59 Figure 98. Ensuring free and quality service for maternal, new-born, and child health and nutrition in the barangay. .........................................................................................................60 Table 1. As to the Organization of the CUCPD and situation of barangays...........................11 Table 2. Strengths on organization and composition..............................................................11 Table 3. Weaknesses of the CUCPD Task Force regarding composition and organization. 12 Table 4. On Leadership and Governance ...............................................................................15 Table 5. Domain 5. Communication ........................................................................................60 Table 6. Domain 4. Violence ...................................................................................................61 Table 7. Domain 1. Peace and Peacebuilding ........................................................................61 Table 8. Domain 2. Conflict .....................................................................................................61 Table 9. Domain 3. Conflict Prevention and Conflict Resolution ............................................61 Table 10. Domain 6. Conflict Analysis and Peacebuilding .....................................................62 viii #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

List of Annexes Annex 1. Survey Tool ..............................................................................................................64 Annex 2. Target Barangays for the roll-out of #ProjectBalangay study..................................92 Annex 3. Content Analysis of Submitted Peace Plans ...........................................................98 Annex 4. Youth Sector Issues and Concerns - Likert Scale results .....................................122 Annex 5. Labor Sector Issues and Concerns - Likert Scale Results ....................................124 Annex 6. Transport Sector’s Issues and Concerns - Likert Scale Results ...........................126 Annex 7. Urban Poor Sector’s Issues and Concerns - Likert Scale Results........................128 Annex 8. Women's Sector's Issues and Concerns - Likert Scale Results............................130 ix #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Through the Executive Order no. 70 s. 2018 or Institutionalizing the Whole-of-Nation Approach in Attaining Inclusive and Sustainable Peace, Creating a National Task Force to End Local Communist Armed Conflict, and Directing the Adoption of a National Peace Framework, President Rodrigo Roa Duterte made a commitment to forge the broadest alliance of stakeholders for peace and development and address the long-standing issue of conflict and civil unrest brought about by historically-constructed political divisions. To contribute to the realization of the goal of the national government, the Department of the Interior and Local Government - National Capital Region (DILG-NCR) spearheads the localization of the EO 70 through the program, Capacitating Urban Communities for Peace and Development (CUCPD). The CUCPD framework utilizes a sectoral-based approach in addressing issues and governance gaps in vulnerable urban communities. It promotes inclusive community participation through established governance mechanisms and is anchored on the delivery of basic services through the Serbisyo Caravan and Adopt-a-Barangay Program, to mention a few of its program components and initiatives. As part of CUCPD’s objectives, the DILG-NCR endeavors to further 1) institutionalize sectoral participation mechanisms; 2) strengthen LGUs as Convergence Areas; and 3) collaborate with priority sectors in the community, which include such sectors as the youth and students, labor, transport, urban poor, and women. This initiative is called #ProjectBalangay because it intends to go back to our fundamental roots as communities, the balangay. The balangay was an advanced political and social organization that defined order in the pre-colonial era. As we intend to forge peace in the present, it is crucial that we learn from history and borrow some wisdom as to how the balangays, as units of the old society, functioned through grassroots engagement and collective peacemaking. It is important that any intervention pertaining to peacebuilding at the level of communities is grounded and corresponds to actual social conditions experienced and faced by the citizens. With the understanding that any development is local, it is crucial that communities are actively engaged in making peace efforts work. The project team also borrows and takes off from the eight pillars of positive peace in the setting of the framework and analysis of the barangay’s peacebuilding capacities, which include the following: a) Well-functioning government; b) Equitable Distribution of resources; c) Free flow of information; d) Good relations with neighbors; e) High levels of human capital; f) Acceptance of the rights of others; g) Low levels of corruption; and h) Sound business environment. This project also utilizes the synergy of organizational development and community development approaches as a guiding framework for the creation of a sound research tool. #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

This tool gauges the readiness and capacity of select communities/barangays to tackle a genuine peace agenda and in turn provide bases for the crafting their very own peacebuilding plans. Taking off from these concepts and approaches, the project team developed a research tool to gauge the readiness of the barangays to implement meaningful peace agenda in their localities. Taking off from the CUCPD NCR’s framework, the project team treated the CUCPD Task Force, also known as the Barangay Task Force for Peace and Development, as an organizational body or unit that needs careful analysis for it to be effective and efficient in carrying out its duty with the following considerations and assumptions: i. A sound Peace Building Plan that is contingent upon the proper identification of primary and secondary issues confronted by the communities; and ii. A robust and effective CUCPD Task Force/ Barangay Task Force for Peace and Development that acts on and responds to the concrete conditions of their communities To do this, the project team employed the following approaches: i. Organizational Development Approach Treating the CUCPD Barangay Task Force as an organizational unit needing to be capacitated and activated. ii. Community Development Approach Treating the CUCPD Task Force as not isolated from the community, rather, a part of it, thereby compelling it to be grounded in its approaches and inclusive in its manner of operations. iii. The Peace Agenda: 8 positive Peace Pillars – parallel with the EO 70 and CUCPD Framework After laying down the general background and rationale, as well as understanding the logic of the CUCPD’s thrusts, it is now easier to go to the much more particular objectives of #ProjectBalangay, as follows: 1. Assess the readiness of barangays in mainstreaming positive peace and development by way of: a. Reviewing the peace agenda of barangays as integrated in their existing development plans such as the barangay development plans (BDPs) and barangay peace and order and public safety (BPOPS) plans; b. Conducting a rapid assessment survey on the composition, functionality, and operations of the barangay task forces on peace and development (CUCPD Task Force); and 2. Propose strategies and/or tactics in localizing the CUCPD framework at the level of communities/barangays. 2 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

The project team communicated the research/survey tool with the cluster heads (CHs), focal persons (FPs), CSO representatives, and social development/welfare officers or their counterparts from among the identified LGUs in November 2020. Also included in the participants were community-based and people’s organizations in the pre- identified areas. The tool was then rolled out to the identified barangays (as prioritized) starting last November 2020. Pre-identified barangays in the National Capital Region were tapped to accomplish the Rapid Situational Assessment (RSA) tool (see Annex 1). The RSA mainly utilized a questionnaire, referred to as RSA Tool, for the data collection. Considering that the key respondents are the members of the CUCPD Task Force, the population size stands at 1,216 as there are at least 19 task force members for each of the 189 pre-identified barangays. Written in English and Filipino, the RSA Tool is a questionnaire in a close-ended format. It consisted of three modules, namely: • Module One: Organizational Assessment • Module Two: Sectoral Issues and Needs Assessment • Module Three: Capacity Assessment The project design was aimed at engaging communities based on the priority barangays identified by Situational Awareness and Knowledge Management Cluster (SAKM-NCR) and the Preventing and Countering Violent Extremism – Project Management Office (see Annex 2). Due to the imposition of strict community quarantine protocols in the target barangays for the survey, the project team was not able to do person-to-person enumeration of the survey questionnaires. It is for this reason that this assessment is not representative of the total population size which stands at 3,591 as there are at least 19 task force members for each of the 189 target barangays. Rather, the project team proposed to limit the sample size to 157 respondents from at least 17 of the target barangays.1 Given the context, the project team utilized an online survey platform powered by Google and this was made available to all the DILG Field Offices. The DILG Field Offices then relayed the survey link to the target barangays and community members. The particular limitations confronted during the review of peace plans and the conduct of the survey will be further mentioned in the succeeding parts. 1 5% margin of error and 80% confidence level. 3 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

The pre-identified barangays were requested to submit their available plans on peace and development i.e. comprehensive barangay development plans (BDPs) and/or their barangay peace and order and public safety plans (BPOPS). These submitted plans were carefully assessed based on both form and content (substantive) parameters (See Annex 3). From the survey conducted from November – December 2020, a total of 157 survey responses were gathered from among the identified barangays (versus 189 targeted localities). From a total of 189 identified barangays, the project team received and reviewed only 91 BDPs and/or BPOPS Plan. It must be pinpointed that the BDPs and BPOPS plans serve as the concrete reference for the analysis of the barangay’s readiness to implement peace and development agenda. To undertake the review, the researchers coded and reviewed the plans in terms of uniformity of format, congruence of proposed interventions to identified sectoral needs, and overall linkage of the plan to the community-level peace agenda. It is glaring that not all barangays have submitted barangay development plans and/or Barangay Peace and Order and Public Safety Plans, which limited the project team’s review coverage. The following are the general observations on the perceived quality of the submitted plans: Lack of standard format and coverage. The submitted plans varied greatly on their formatting, file type, and presence of standard parameters constituting a plan. As a whole, the usual parameters included are focus area/issue, project category, PPA or program, project, activity, office or personnel responsible (OPR), output, minimal success indicators, funding, fund source, and remarks. Another important component that is usually missing is the duration or timeline of proposed projects. Inherent absence of metrics of success. A key observation is the absence of metrics or success indicators in the majority of the plans. It signals a need to improve the plans following the tenets of project management and results-based planning. Weak linkage of interventions to development and peace-building agenda. Very few barangays were able to submit comprehensive plan/s detailing their concrete PPAs tackling peace and development concerns. For the most part, there is no clear link and delineation between issues, proposed PPAs, outcomes, and impacts. Mismatch between PPAs and their sector. In some cases, some activities are directly not analogous to the program they are under. For example, medical missions as part of economic development instead of being funded under social sector/services. There were also items that were duplicated or entered into multiple project areas despite having the same goals and funding. 4 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

The findings indicate that for many barangays (as in Figure 1), the most common concerns that are currently being addressed and given attention include crime prevention, anti-drug use, and disaster risk reduction management (DRRM). Figure 1. Frequency of Issues (included in the submitted peace plans/agenda) Apart from the issues, the project team also counted the prevalence of proposed interventions that barangay officials see as adequate response to the needs of their communities (see Figure 2). The foremost proposed intervention of barangays included the installation and/or repair of CCTVs and establishment of command centers, followed by development and distribution of various information and education campaign (IEC) materials and activities related to solid waste management. 5 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 2. Proposed Interventions based on reviewed BPOPS/BDPS (from least to most) The complete details of the substantive review of the peace and development plans can be seen in Annex 3. Here are the following limitations that were confronted during the review of submitted peace and development plans: 1. Under-sampling. There are numerous barangays per city who have not submitted their development/POPS Plans thereby greatly limiting the true representativeness of this dataset. 2. Inconsistent formatting. The submitted plans considerably vary in their structure, number of parameters included, and general substance of entries. This results in limited purview to what the plan represents against its actual implementation on- ground. 3. Irregular file types. Submissions ranged from spreadsheets, word processors, presentations to pictures which may seriously affect their readability and indirectly impair the coding process. 4. Insufficient methods. Content analysis generally can only infer narrow perspectives based on texts alone, thus, triangulation with other research methods and data sources is needed to conclusively examine situational context, intentions, and social dynamics. 5. Incommensurability of results. The coding technique does not capture the sense of degree or intensity, but merely indication or the presence of POPS concerns and interventions in the plans. Hence, barangays here cannot be compared against each other except for overall the quality of their submitted plan. 6 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

The survey results can only be seen as descriptive of the situation of the communities, especially in terms of their readiness and/or capacity to tackle genuine peace agenda and take on peace-building initiatives in the communities. Because of the limited turnout of the survey, as shaped and influenced by the physical restrictions set in place due to the COVID-19 pandemic, not to mention the fluctuations in internet connectivity in some areas of Metro Manila from November – December 2020, the results of the survey only generate and describe a picture of certain ground realities, but are not conclusive as we have not yet fully achieved the original target sample of the study. Still, the proponents believe that the #ProjectBalangay is a ground-breaking initiative that lays down the foundation for a much more in-depth analysis of the capacity of barangays (as both social organization and political unit) to concretize peace-building and create meaningful impacts at the grassroots. The insights gathered and the general findings contained in the survey in this exploratory study were all valuable in gauging the capacity of barangays in creating a favorable environment for peace and development to prosper. The project team used NVivo (a qualitative analyisis tool) to render a sentiment analysis covering the fundamental aspects of the CUCPD Task Force, including leadership and governance, strategy, systems and policies, operations, infrastructure, and gender and development. GENERAL SENTIMENTS ON THE CUCPD TASK FORCE CREATION AND OPERATIONS Negative 79 Moderately negative 32 Moderately positive 11 Positive 93 0 20 40 60 80 100 Figure 3. Sentiment analysis on the qualitative feedback re: creation and operations of the CUCPD As can be seen in Figure 3, respondents positively appreciated the creation of the CUCPD Task Force, mentioning how the task force actually helped in the barangay’s COVID-19 response and the maintenance of peace and order even during the crisis. However, the negative and moderately negative reactions mostly refer to the non-creation of the CUCPD Task Forces in the barangays at the time of the survey, as well as the insufficiency of resources and trainings for the CUCPD TF. 7 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Based on the survey, while the majority of survey respondents agreed that their barangays have already constituted their CUCPD Task Force, a sizable number of respondents mentioned that they have yet to constitute their respective task forces (during the survey roll- out in the last quarter of 2020).2 The majority said that their task forces have a concrete vision and mission, consistent with the number of respondents who mentioned that they have an established CUCPD Task Force. Also, most of the respondents believed that there was a sense of participation among CUCPD members in the visioning process of the CUCPD in the barangays. Among the identified strengths in the constitution of the CUCPD Task Forces in the barangays include: • Engagement with a broad array of stakeholders including people’s organizations, and other community-based formations; • Creation of force multipliers in the implementation of various peace and development initiatives and activities, as well as in the provision of aid amidst lockdowns during the COVID-19; and • Regular meetings and/or dialogues for the discussion of various peace concerns, to mention a few. For those barangays that did not yet establish their own task forces, the general issues and challenges include: ● Late dissemination of legal bases and issuances for the constitution of the CUCPD Task Force; ● Lack of time among members of the BPOC and BDC to plan jointly for the organization and operations of the CUCPD Task Force; ● Resource deficiency; and ● Little knowledge on the thrusts and objectives of the CUCPD. In the next section, the project team will discuss the particular results of the survey in the next section, based on the actual items discussed in the tool. 2 It must be noted that, this year, due to the heightened coordination between and among local government units including barangays, the police, and this Department, the Metro Manila LGUs were able to completely comply with the establishment of their local task forces on peace and development. 8 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 4. Establishment of the Barangay CUCPD Task Force Based on the survey responses, the majority agreed that their barangays have already constituted their CUCPD Task Force. However, a sizeable number of respondents (44) mentioned that they have yet to constitute their respective task forces (Figure 4). It is important to reiterate, however, that as of May 2021, the majority of the barangays from among the pre-identified barangays in the National Capital Region have already established their own CUCPD Task Forces, as mentioned earlier. Figure 5. Presence of CUCPD's vision and mission The majority said that their task forces have a concrete vision and mission (Figure 5), consistent with the number of respondents who mentioned that they have an established CUCPD Task Force. 9 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 6. Participation in visioning process of the CUCPD Majority of the respondents negated the claim that not all members of the CUCPD Task Force participated in the formulation of its vision, mission, and objectives (Figure 6). This means that the respondents believed that there is a sense of participation among CUCPD members in the visioning process of the CUCPD in the barangays. Figure 7. Clarity of vision among members As seen in Figure 7, majority of respondents also negated the claim that not all members of the CUCPD Task Force that their members do not have a clear understanding of the mission and vision of the CUCPD. Further, the project team collated their qualitative inputs on the organization and constitution of the CUCPD and the situation of the localities (see Table 1). For documentation purposes, the project team refrained from editing the responses in substantive terms, except for correcting spelling errors. Further, the project team grouped together the statements/responses according to various themes. 10 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Table 1. As to the Organization of the CUCPD and situation of barangays. As to peace and order situation of barangays ● Maayos ang aming barangay at nagkakaisa. As to establishment of CUCPD ● Kung maipapaliwanag nang maayos sa mga tao ay lubos nila itong mauunawaan. ● Ang aming CUCPD task force ay binubuo ng aming barangay kagawad on health & sanitation, BHW at tanod. Lahat ng miyembro ay aming binigyan ng lecture kung paano maging isang miyembro ng CUCPD task force, ipinaintindi sa kanila na hindi masyado ligtas ang kanilang gagawin subalit sundin lamang ang protocols upang maiwasan nila ang mahawa o makapitan ng COVID-19. Naintindihan nila ang kanilang tinahak na gawain. ● Ang Brgy 190 ay may binuong CUCPD task Force, Mayroong mission at vision at na ipaliwanag ng maayos ang mission at vision. ● Mayroon po na mabilis makaunawa laluna't mga propesyunal ang ibang miyembro ang iba nauunawaan pero hindi kayang magpaliwanag ● Nakiisa ang lahat para sa pag buo dito. ● Nabuo ang CUCPD Task Force ng Barangay 188 alinsunod sa kautusan ng DILG. ● Ang pagbuo ng task force na ito ay lubhang mahalaga sa kasalukuyang estado ng barangay NBBS Dagat-dagatan Non-establishment of CUCPD in barangays ● Sa kadahilanang ito ay bago pa lamang at kailangan pang pag usapan at i-organize and Task Force. ● Sa ngayon wala pa kaming binuo CUCPD TASK FORCE. Ito ay pag-uusapan pa lamang sa aming monthly regular session. ● Kami po ay magbubuo pa lamang sa barangay. ● Wala pang nabubuong organization sa CUCPD Task force, amin pang pag- mimitingan at pag aaralan anf Proyektong ito. ● Dahil sa pandemic, hindi pa nakapagbuo ang Barangay Manuyo Dos ng CUCPD Task Force. ● Ang number one layunin ng aming barangay ay maipaabot ang lahat ng tulong at pangangailangan ng aming kabarangay. ● Kasalukuyang pinag-uusapan ng BPOC at Brgy. Council ang pagbubuo ng barangay CUCPD Task Force dahil kabababa lamang ng issuance para dito. ● Hindi pa ito pormal na napag-uusapan sa konseho ng Barangay Krus na Ligas ● Hindi pormal na nakapagtatag ang Barangay Tunasan ng CUCPD Task Force sapagkat nauna nang naitatag ang task Force on Peace and Development. ● Karamihan ng duties and responsibilities na nakasaad dito ay mayroong duplication sa itatag na CUCPD. As to knowledge of members of the functions of the CUCPD ● Maaring sa ngayon po ay kulang pa ang kaalaman ng buong miyembro sa CUCPD. ● Kakulangan ng seminar sa ilang miyembro ang ilan sa kawalang kakayahan magpaliwanag sa tao. ● Bago pa lang ang CUCPD at hindi pa rin na internalized ng mga opisyal at kawani ng Barangay 177 ● Mas maganda kung makapaglunsad ng karagdagang training para dito. Table 2. Strengths on organization and composition Strengths of CUCPD Task Force regarding composition and organization. ● Manpower ● Makiisa sa adhikain 11 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

● Pagsasagawa ng buwanang pulong. ● Pagsasagawa ng palagiang pagtitiyak ng kapaligiran ng bawat kasapi ng Task Force. ● Pagsasagawa ng pangkalahatang Pagpupulong sa bawat samahan ng Pamayanan. ● Pagsasagawa ng talaan ng mga nasasakupan ng mga naturang samahan. ● Pagkikiisa sa buwanang pagpupulong ng mga naturang samahan. ● Ang kalakasan ng CUCPD ay ang pagharap sa mga pasyente, ang pagiging matapang sa paghatid ng mga pasyente sa hospital, ang pagbibigay ng ayuda at matapang na humaharap sa mga taong kinatakutan na maaring nahawaan na sila ng may COVID-19 case ● Manpower multiplier ● Pagkakaisa ● Malaking tulong sa pagpapanatili ng kaayusan at katahimikan sa komunidad. ● Kalakasan ang pag papanatili ng kaayusan at kapayapaan ng barangay na iparating nang mayos sa mga tao ang layunin ng bawat miyembro. ● Regular coordination to different stakeholders ● Team effort ● Kumpleto naman po kami sa gamit na pang tanod. ● Teamwork ● To maintain peace in order ● Sumusuporta sa pagpapatupad ng kaayusan sa komunidad ● Maraming mga PO at NGO at mga Force Multiplier NGOs, BANTAY PUROK ang kabalikat ng Barangay 177 ● Mga NGO na kasapi nito ● Pagpapalakas ng partisipasyon ng community leaders para sa peace and development ng barangay ● Naunawaan nila ang kahalagahan ng CUCPD, kaya pumayag silang pumaloob dito ● The Barangay organized ELCAC to ensure the public safety, peace and order of the community. ● Naka tie-up tayo sa ibat abang oraganization tulad ng HOA, Pederasyon ng Masa, TODA, Business Establishment Organization at Force Multiplier Table 3. Weaknesses of the CUCPD Task Force regarding composition and organization. Weaknesses of CUCPD Task Force regarding composition and organization. ● Kami po ay nagplaplano pa lamang tungkol sa CUCPD. ● Medyo kulang lang sa mga equipment ● Kakulangan ng sapat na oras ng bawat kasapi dahil sa katayuan sa buhay. ● Kawalang sapat na kaalaman o kakayanan sa gampanin ng task force. ● Kakulangan sa pinansyal na katayuan sa buhay. ● Kapag po hindi kumilos ang lahat ng miyembro ● Kapag po hindi kumilos ang lahat ng miyembro ● Ang kahinaan kapag hindi na pa itupad ang mission at vision at kung hindi na naisakatuparan ang layunin. ● Absence of other members of BDC and BPOC ● Kung hindi nagkakaisa ● Delayed info dissemination ● Kasalukuyan pa lamang nagpa-plano. ● Wala pang sapat na kaalaman ang aming nasasakupan regarding sa proyektong ito ● Little knowledge about the objective of CUCPD ● Minsan di nagkakaisa ● Confidentiality of information from community leaders given to officials ● Dahil ang iba ay mga propesyunal at may ibang mga pinagkakaabalahan, panahon nila ang medyo may kahinaan ● Information drive and limited members to meet the mission of the organization. ● Need more trainings to be more productive. 12 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Further, the project team looked into various dimensions of organizational development in order to assess the vibrancy of the CUCPD Task Force as an organizational unit responsible for effecting change in terms of peace and development. These dimensions include: ● Leadership and Governance ● Strategy ● Systems and Policies ● Operations ● Infrastructure ● Gender and Development ● Network/Alliance Building For leadership and governance, the project team first looked at the existence of a clear structure for the organization of the CUCPD Task Force. Majority of the respondents answered that their respective CUCPD Task Forces have a written and clear organizational structure, and the roles and responsibilities of the members were clearly stated (Figure 8). However, this was not the case for the rest of the communities as manifested by both neutral and false responses. Figure 8. Leadership and Governance – Structure of the organization Many respondents also affirmed that their CUCPD Task Forces have conducted meetings regarding their plan and activities (Figure 9). Although, the project team can still see a lot of room for improvement to generate affirmative reviews from those who were neutral or initially disagreed. 13 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 9. Leadership and Governance - Conduct of Meetings and Planning of Activities Members of the CUCPD Task Force, as agreed by the majority, were actively participating and fulfilling their duties and responsibilities (Figure 10). Figure 10. Leadership and Governance - Participation and Fulfilment of Duties The project team also asked the respondents how they perceived the strengths and weaknesses of the respective task forces based on leadership and governance. Here are their qualitative inputs (Table 4): 14 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Table 4. On Leadership and Governance On Leadership and Governance Weaknesses ● Komunikasyon Strengths ● Ang hindi aktibo sa hindi pagdalo ng ● Pagkakaisa ● Solid at buo ang aming grupo o ibang miyembro ng CUPCD task organization force upang magampanan nila at ● Ang pagiging aktibo ng ibang malaman ang mga istratehiyang bago miyembro ng CUCPD, ang mabilisang ● Walang istraktura na naisagawa. ● Wala pang sapat na kaalaman ang pagrereport sa DOH at CESU at ang aming nasasakupan tungkol sa pag-aksyon sa mga cases ● Aktibong nakikilahok at proyektong ito. ● Lack of resources ginagampanan ang kanilang mga ● Minsan pag may pag uusapan na tungkulin meeting, minsan hindi on-time ● Team effort ● Coordination and confidentiality ● Kumpleto naman po kami sa gamit na ● No CUCPD Task Force created yet ● Hindi pa nakapagpulong ulit pang tanod. ● Need more trainings to upgrade skills ● Maraming mga volunteers o BANTAY of our members. PUROK ang kabalikat ng Barangay ● Sa istruktura wala po kaming nagawa 177 subalit sa pag pupulong ay madalas po ● Ang aming Brgy. Chairman ● Active BPOPS leadership headed by para pagplanuhan ang mga gagawin Punong Barangay Tibulan and Kag. ng miyembro hindi lahat ay palagiang Renato B. Villa with BADAC co-chair nagagampanan ang gawain ● Walang istrakturang na isagawa na Monie Flores ● Nagkakaroon ng update sa CUCPD Task Force ang Barangay messenger. 190, Nag kakaruon ng pagpupulong ● We are connected to our HOAS and tuwing katapusan ng buwan. some association in our Barangay to ● Wala pang nabubuong organization sa implement peace and order program CUCPD Task force, amin pang pag in our Barangay. mimitingan at pag aaralan ang ● Maayos na po at alam ng bawat isa proyektong ito ang kanya-kanyang gawain ● Magkakaroon pa lamang ng CUCPD ● Ang aming mga peace and order ay Barangay Task Force. naipapatupad ng maayos ang kanilang ● Hindi pa nakabuo ng ganitong klaseng tungkulin organisasyon ● Lahat ng may kaugnayan sa mga ● Dahil bago pa lang ang pag oorganisa patawag ng LGU. Tulad mga seminars ng CUCPD ● No CUCPD Task Force created yet ay lagi kaming present kaya updated ● Hindi pa ito pormal na napag- ang aming barangay uusapan sa konseho ng Barangay ● We have started this already last year Krus na Ligas. to maintain peace and order of our ● Some members are not actively Barangay. participating and limited members to ensure or meet the vision, mission of the organization. ● Mula nang mabuo hindi pa uli nagkaroon ng pagpupulong ● Hindi pa lubusang naoorganisa ang Barangay CUCPD 15 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

● May mga hakbangin kailangan ipatupad upang mabigyan ng pagkakataon na maisagawa ang tungkulin ng bawat isa. Kailangan ma- recognize ang effort on some aspect with regards to duties and responsibilities When it comes to strategy, many responded that the CUCPD Task Forces have developed a plan with clear and measurable results and outcomes (Figure 11). Some respondents agreed that there may be a weakness in terms of formulating results and outcomes, while there are remaining barangays which were neutral on the matter (probably because they have not yet planned and formulated strategies on the matter). Figure 11. Strategy - Plans with clear and measurable outcomes A significant majority believed that there are peacebuilding initiatives incorporated in other plans of barangays such as in BDP and BPOPS Plan (Fig. 12). Figure 12. Strategy – Integrating Peacebuilding in various barangay plans 16 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

As seen in Figure 13, majority of the barangays have a clear strategy to regularly carry out planning sessions regarding peace and order. Figure 13. Strategy - Conduct of regular planning As for systems and policies, the project team looked at the presence of systems and processes that guide the operation of the CUCPD Task Forces as well as the necessary linkages with proper agencies and availability of communication plans to disseminate the peace agenda of the CUCPD at the level of barangays. For one, there is a clear policy, system, and processes that guide the operation of the CUCPD Task Forces (Fig. 14). Again, much still needs to be done to generate affirmative reviews from those who were neutral or initially disagreed. Figure 14. Systems and Policies - Presence of Clear Policy and Guidelines 17 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Majority also believed that the communities were receiving sufficient information from the DILG field office regarding the establishment and operationalization of CUCPD Task Force (Fig. 15). Figure 15. Systems and Policies - Linkage with DILG as to operationalization of the CUCPD For the last point on systems and policies, many barangays negated the claim that they have no definite system to inform the public about the purpose of the CUCPD Task Force (Fig. 16). Figure 16. Systems and policies - System of informing the public on CUCPD 18 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

For operations, the project team examined the presence of a monitoring and evaluation tool or mechanism being employed by the CUCPD Task Force, as well as the capacity and know- hows of the men and women behind the task force in implementing the program's objectives. Despite the COVID-19 pandemic, the majority of the respondents agreed that they were regularly conducting planning sessions to clearly identify peace and order-related activities. These activities are effectively implemented because they have a clear monitoring and evaluation system (Fig. 17). Figure 17. Operations - Presence of Monitoring and Evaluation System Most respondents also negated the claim that they do not have enough workforce/members who have knowledge and capacity to effectively manage our CUCPD Task Force (Fig. 18). Figure 18. Operations - Presence of Members with knowledge and capacity to manage the CUCPD Task Force In carrying out the thrusts of the CUCPD program, the availability and sufficiency of funds are important considerations. When it comes to this matter, many believe that their barangay has sufficient funds to effectively implement the plans of the CUCPD Task Force (Fig. 19). Again, 19 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

the project team can still see a lot of room for improvement to generate affirmative reviews from those who were neutral or initially disagreed. Figure . Operations - Sufficiency and Availability of Funds Figure 19. Operations – Sufficiency of funds In terms of infrastructure, the project team explored the following concerns: availability and sufficiency of facilities and equipment to implement peace and order initiatives, and the knowledge and capacity of task force members to utilize emerging technologies in such circumstances as the handling of a pandemic. For one, many believed that their barangay has sufficient facilities and equipment to implement peace and order-related activities (Fig. 20). Figure 20. Infrastructure - Availability and sufficiency of facilities and equipment for peace and order PPAs 20 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Also, the majority denied the claim that their barangay has no equipment and sufficient knowledge to utilize technology that can be used to adopt to various circumstance like the pandemic (Fig. 21). Figure 21. Infrastructure - Knowledge on the use of technology For the gender and development (GAD) domain, the project team looked into the representation and participation of women in planning and decision-making as well as the sufficiency of funds for the implementation of GAD-related activities. A substantial majority mentioned that their barangay gives importance to women’s representation and participation in planning and decision-making in various barangay committees (Fig. 22). Figure 22. Gender and Development - Importance of Women's Participation in planning and decision-making 21 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Similarly, many agreed that there is women’s representation in their respective CUCPD Task Forces (though, it is still important to note that there were some respondents who were either in agreement or neutral on the matter as seen in Figure 23). Figure 23. Gender and Development - Presence of women representatives The respondents from barangays also mentioned that they have sufficient funds for women- specific programs and projects (Fig. 24). Figure 24. Gender and Development - Sufficiency of Funds for women-specific programs For alliance building, the project team looked into the existence of accredited and active people’s organizations, community-based, and civil society organizations as partners in CUCPD activities. Many respondents attested that their barangay has at least three accredited and active NGOs and community organizations that are involved in the implementation of various peace and order-related programs and projects (Fig. 25). 22 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Figure 25. Alliance - Presence of Accredited CSOs/NGOs/POs Most respondents also believed that their barangay has well-established and effective coordination with various agencies, private or government, academe, religious groups, individuals, businesses, and other groups that are involved in the development and implementation of CUCPD’s programs and projects (Fig. 26). Figure 26. Alliance - Linkages and partnerships with various agencies and entities for development-oriented activities 23 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Aside from partnering with NGOs and community organizations during implementation of activities, these organizations have representation in the CUCPD Task Force (Fig. 27). Figure 27. Alliance - Representation of CSOs in the CUCPD Task Force At this juncture, the project team sought the perspective of the 157 respondents on the pertinent conditions of the five primary sectors of the CUCPD program based on the pillars of positive peace, as follows:, as follows: 1) Youth and Student; 2) Labor and Employment; 3) Transport; 4) Urban Poor; and 5) Women. The project team gauged how satisfied the respondents were with their community/barangay’s response to the issues/concerns mentioned. For the youth sector, the project team looked into the presence of policies and programs that aim to protect and advance the interests and welfare of the youth, such as the availability of programs on physical health, sexual health, addressing psychosocial needs, ensuring access to education and training programs, and the provision of other needs such as preparing the youth before entering the workforce, to mention a few. 24 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

50.00% SATISFACTION ON YOUTH SECTOR 45.00% ISSUES AND CONCERNS 40.00% 35.00% 46.93% 30.00% 25.00% 22.29% 21.22% 20.00% 15.00% 4.73% 4.83% 10.00% 5.00% 0.00% Really Not Not so satisfied Neutral Satisfied Very Satisfied Satisfied Figure 28. Satisfaction on Youth Sector Issues and Concerns In general, some 47 percent of the respondents were satisfied as to the provision of programs and services for the youth sector across various service areas (Figure 28). The results on the particular items tackled in the survey will be discussed in the next sections. Majority of the respondents were satisfied in terms of the availability of programs/projects that ensure healthy living among the youth (Fig. 29). Figure 29. Availability of programs/projects promoting healthy living among the youth 25 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents also agreed that the barangays are ensuring proper physical and sexual health among the youth (Fig. 30). Figure 30. Physical and sexual health among the youth The respondents were also satisfied also when it comes to addressing and mitigating sexual risk-taking behaviours of the youth e.g. unprotected sexual activity, having multiple sex partners, among others (Fig. 31). Figure 31. Addressing and responding to sexual risk-taking behaviours among the youth 26 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to addressing psychosocial needs of the youth e.g. counselling, stress/anger management, among others (Fig. 32). Figure 32. Addressing psychosocial needs of the youth Many were also satisfied when it comes to the accessibility of health services for the youth (Fig. 33). Figure 33. Accessibility of health services for the youth 27 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Many were also satisfied about the efforts on Information dissemination regarding responsible social media use among the youth (Fig. 34). Figure 34. Information campaign on the responsible use of social media among the youth Many were also satisfied about the community’s efforts on ensuring accessible and quality education for all (Fig. 35). Figure 35. Ensuring accessible and quality education for all. 28 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Majority of the respondents were also satisfied when it comes to ensuring safe recreational opportunities for children and youth (Fig. 36). Figure 36. Ensuring safe recreational opportunities for children and youth. Majority of the respondents were also satisfied with their barangay’s provision of effective skills training to prepare the youth for entering the labor force (Fig. 37). Figure 37. Provision of effective skills training to prepare the youth for the labor force 29 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Many were also satisfied as to the addressing of the increasing number of youth entering the unsafe and illegal labor (Fig. 38). Figure 38. Addressing the increasing number of youth entering the unsafe and illegal labor. Also, many were satisfied when it comes to the promotion of youth participation in entrepreneurial activities (Fig. 39). Figure 39. Promotion of youth participation in entrepreneurial activities. 30 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

As shown, many barangays have employment enrichment support program and system for the youth to have decent work (Fig. 40). Figure 40. Employment enrichment support program and system for the youth to have decent work Most respondents were also satisfied as to the existence of barangay non-discrimination policy that recognizes the rights of the youth with disability, members of the LGBTQ+ and ethnic minority (Fig. 41). Figure 41. Existence of barangay non-discrimination policy that recognizes the rights of the youth with disability, member of the LGBTQ+ and ethnic minority. 31 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to the recognition and support to community organizations engaged in promoting the interest of the youth (Fig. 42). Figure 42. Recognition and support to community organizations engaged in promoting the interest of the youth. Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the provision of human rights education to the youth (Fig. 43). Figure 43. Provision of human rights education among the youth 32 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to ensuring the protection of the youth from harm due to armed conflict and violation of human rights (Fig. 44). Figure 44. Ensuring the protection of the youth from harm due to armed conflict and violation of human rights. Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the active participation of the Sangguniang Kabataan and other youth organizations in the decision-making and community activities of the barangay (Fig. 45). Figure 45. Active participation of the Sangguniang Kabataan and other youth organizations in the decision- making and community activities 33 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to youth representation in the bureaucracy of the barangay (Fig. 46). Figure 46. Youth representation in the bureaucracy of the barangay. Most respondents were satisfied because they believed that the youth is aware of and participates in the discussion of environmental issues such as climate change (Fig. 47). Figure 47. Youth's participation in the discussion of environmental issues For the discussion of the concerns of the labor sector, the project team gauged how satisfied the people were in terms of the existence of clear and concrete agenda and programs for labor and employment, streamlining of labor and employment processes, linkages with relevant authorities, existence of policy for the recognition of worker’s rights and welfare, compliance with labor laws and occupational health and safety standards, among others. While there are some forty-three percent (43%) which were satisfied as to the provision of programs and services for the labor sector, some twenty-nine percent (29%) were neutral on 34 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

the matter and this could be construed as a possible area of improvement for our barangays (as in Figure 48). SATISFACTION ON LABOR SECTOR ISSUES AND CONCERNS 50.00% 5.01% 7.69% 29.00% 42.80% 40.00% Neutral 30.00% Really not Not so 15.50% 20.00% satisfied satisfied 10.00% Satisfied Very satisfied 0.00% Figure 48. Satisfaction on Labor Sector Issues and Concerns For the existence of clear and concrete agenda and programs for labor and employment in the barangay, a good number of respondents were generally satisfied (44% or 69 responses as in Fig. 49). It is important to note however that neutral stances accounted for 29% of the respondents. Figure 49. Clear and concrete agenda and programs for labor and employment 35 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the streamlining of labor and employment- related processes and frontline services in the barangay (47% or 73 as in Fig. 50). Neutral stances accounted for 27% of the respondents. Figure 50. Streamlining of labor and employment-related processes and frontline services Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to the appointment of Barangay Public Employment Service Coordinator, or its equivalent, tasked to coordinate with LGU and other agencies such as TESDA and DOLE (Fig. 51). Figure 51. Appointment of Barangay Public Employment Service Coordinator 36 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the availability or promotion of youth employment programs through local internship programs, on-the-job trainings, among others (43% or 68 responses as in Fig. 52). Again, it is important to note however that neutral stances accounted for 28% of the respondents. Figure 52. Availability or promotion of youth employment programs Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to the existence of a policy that aims to recognize and uphold workers’ rights and welfare (65 responses or 41% as in Fig. 53). For this service area, neutral stances accounted for 32% of the respondents. Figure 53. Existence of a policy that aims to recognize and uphold workers’ rights and welfare. 37 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the existence of a policy ensuring that all workplaces are complying with occupational health and safety standards, and drug-free (41% or 64 responses Fig. 54). Again, it is important to note that neutral stances accounted for 29% of the respondents. Figure 54. Policy ensuring occupational health and safety standards and drug-free environment Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to the ensuring that all employers, public or private, are complying with all labor-related laws such as the Labor Code, Kasambahay Law, among others (Fig. 55). Figure 55. Compliance with labor-related laws 38 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the existence of a system or processes to address labor and employment-related complaints of the residents (Fig. 56). Figure 56. Systems/processes for labor and employment-related complaints Most respondents were neutral or undecided when it comes to the existence of policy or programs that promote the welfare of OFWs, including provision of legal services, orientation to eradicate illegal recruitment and human trafficking, among others (Fig. 57). Figure 57. Existence of policy or programs that promotes the welfare of OFWs 39 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to collaboration with various agencies and organizations in providing employment reintegration services and livelihood opportunities for residents (Fig. 58). Figure 58. Collaboration with various agencies and organizations to provide employment reintegration services and livelihood opportunities for the residents. Most respondents were also satisfied when it comes to the recognition of the importance of labor groups or unions, and the barangay’s coordination with these groups (Fig. 59). Neutral stances accounted for 34% or 53 of the respondents on this service area. Figure 59. Recognizing the importance of labor groups or unions 40 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts

Most respondents were satisfied when it comes to the recognition of the importance of workers’ participation in policy and decision-making processes (Fig. 60). Figure 60. Recognizing the importance of workers’ participation in policy and decision-making Further, many were generally satisfied when it comes to the efforts of the barangay to encourage the formation and growth of barangay micro business enterprises (Fig. 61). Figure 61. Encouraging the formation and growth of barangay micro business enterprises. 41 #ProjectBalangay Situational Assessment of the Barangay-Level Socio-Economic Issues and Concerns as Baseline for Localizing Peacebuilding Efforts