ชุดฝึกอบรมCEFR สพป.อุดรธานี เขต 4

A. is liking B. likes C. would be liking D. like 9. Mr. Ho’s assistant _____ his mail while he was away. A. will answer B. answered C. answers D. answering 10. The document you requested is ready and _____ sent to your office as soon as possible. A. will be B. were C. have been D. were being 11. There were several qualified candidates for the jobs, but we could _____ only one. A. chose B. chosen C. choose D. choice 12. When payday _____, all employees will receive their checks in the mail. A. arrived B. arrives C. arriving D. will arrive 13. We _____ finish this work soon because the deadline is approaching. A. have B. had to C. have to D. will have 14. This _____ is probably the most important one you’ll make, so think it over carefully. A. decidedly B. decisive C. decision D. decide 15. The books that he showed us at the meeting _____ not very interesting. A. was B. were C. is D. did 16. To pull back production levels to what _____, we are going to be very strict about lateness again. A. they was B. it was C. they were D. it were 17. The firemen, though often tired at the end of their night shift, _____ cheerful and friendly. A. is always B. are always C. always D. alway 18. The police, who are working on their investigation, _____ some crucial evidence. A. have obtained B. has obtained C. obtains D. obtaining 19. Every department of the company _____ looking forward to the change. A. was B. were C. have D. has 20. Of all the places I went, that country _____ the most interesting. A. were B. was C. wear D. where 48

Conjunction คำสันธำน คำสนั ธำน คือ คำทท่ี ำหน้ำทเ่ี ชอื่ มคำ (word) วลี (phrase) อนปุ ระโยค (clause) หรอื ประโยค (sentence) เขำ้ ด้วยกนั โดยมกี ำร เชื่อมหลำยรปู แบบ เชน่ เชื่อมใหค้ ลอ้ ยตำมกัน ขดั แยง้ แสดงควำมเป็นเหตุเป็นผล หรอื บอกตวั เลือก ประเภทของคำสนั ธำนมีดงั น้ี 1. Coordinating conjunctions คอื คำสนั ธำนที่เช่ือมคำหรือขอ้ ควำมประเภทเดยี วกันหรอื มคี วำมสำคัญเท่ำกนั เขำ้ หำกัน เช่น Cumulative conjunctions คำสนั ธำนเช่ือมควำมคล้อยตำมกนั and และ She tried and succeeded. as well as เช่นเดยี วกับ John is very creative as well as imaginative. nor ไม่ ... เชน่ กนั I did not see it, nor did they. คำสนั ธำนเช่ือมควำมขดั แยง้ Adversative conjunctions but They tried but did not succeed. yet The sun is out, yet it is cool. คำสันธำนเชือ่ มควำมเปน็ เหตุเปน็ ผล Illative conjunctions เพรำะ He brought some food, for he was hungry. for ดงั นนั้ It has been snowing for many days, so many flights have so been delayed. คำสนั ธำนเชื่อมตัวเลอื ก Alternative conjunctions หรือ Will you go to the cinema or the restaurant first? Or 2. Subordinating conjunctions คือ คำสันธำนทใ่ี ชเ้ ชอื่ มอนปุ ระโยคท่ีใจควำมไม่สมบรู ณ์ (subordinate clause) เช่น คำสันธำนเชอ่ื มบอก after หลงั จำกท่ี We went home after the film finished. เวลำ before ก่อน They arrived before the boss did. since ต้งั แต่ We have been waiting since 8:00 A.M. as ขณะที่ I watched as the train departed. as long as ตรำบที่ Our office has been here as long as I have worked for the company. คำสนั ธำนบอกควำม as soon as ทันทีท่ี I will call you as soon as I get home. เปน็ เหตเุ ป็นผล until / till จนกระทั่ง We will wait until / till you get here. because I stay up late because I have so much work to do. คำสนั ธำนเชอ่ื มบอก since เนอ่ื งจำก / You can leave early since you have finished all works. ควำมขดั แย้ง now that เพรำะวำ่ Now that I move to Udon Thani, I can see my family more often. seeing that ถงึ แม้ว่ำ Seeing that I have no money, I won’t go shopping. as As it is sunny, we should go to the beach. although / แม้วำ่ We went out although / even though / though it was even ขณะท่ี late at night. though / เวน้ แตว่ ่ำ though Even if he cheated on her, she still forgave him. even if Your company is large while mine is small. while I am poor whereas you are rich. whereas I’d like to visit him, except I don’t know where he lives. except 49

คำสนั ธำนเชอ่ื มบอก so that เพ่ือทว่ี ำ่ I’m not going out too much so that I can save money. วัตถปุ ระสงค์ so as to เพือ่ ที่จะ I’m not going out too much so as to save money. in order เพื่อที่วำ่ I had to go to bed early in order that I could get คำสันธำนเชื่อมบอก that enough sleep. เงอื่ นไข in order to เพ่ือท่จี ะ I had to go to bed early in order to get enough sleep. if ถ้ำ If he is there, we will be able to continue. คำสันธำนบอกกำร unless ถ้ำ ... ไม่ We won’t be able to continue unless he is there. เปรยี บเทยี บ supposing Supposing she can’t come, what will you do? คำสนั ธำนบอก providing / หำกวำ่ Things should run smoothly providing / provided you ลักษณะอำกำร provided are on time. or else มฉิ ะนั้น Don’t forget the projector or else we can’t do the presentation. than กว่ำ Johny is shorter than David. as … as ... เทำ่ กับ ... Johny is not as tall as David is. as if / as รำวกับว่ำ It looks as if / as though the contract will not be signed. though 3. Correlative conjunctions คอื coordinating conjunctions ท่ตี ้องใช้คู่กนั เช่น คำสนั ธำน ควำมหมำย ตัวอย่ำง both … and … ทงั้ ... และ ... She is both beautiful and friendly. either … or … ... หรอื ... I will either go to the cinema or stay in. neither … nor … ไมท่ ง้ั ... และ ... He is neither funny nor clever. not only … but also … ไม่เพียง ... แตย่ ัง ... Kim is good at not only swimming, but also football. if … then … ถ้ำ ... เช่นนั้น ... If that is what she said, then I’m not surprised. rather … than … ชอบ ... มำกกว่ำ ... I would rather see it on TV than pay for the cinema. no sooner … than … ไมน่ ำนหลงั จำก No sooner had I got to work than the meeting started. scarcely … when … เหตุกำรณ์หนึ่ง กม็ อี กี Scarcely had I left work when it started to rain. hardly … when … เหตุกำรณ์เกดิ ขน้ึ She had hardly arrived when she had to suddenly leave. barely … when … I had barely started walking when he called me. Quiz: Conjunctions Choose the best answer to complete the sentences. 1. They brought extra chairs into the room _____ they expected many people to attend the meeting. A. although B. since C. however D. nevertheless 2. _____ he graduated from the university, he got a job at a good company. A. Following B. Later C. After D. Next 3. _____ we paid the painters a lot of money, they did a terrible job. A. Because B. Since C. Although D. Despite 4. I don’t recommend buying that model of car because it is _____ cheap nor reliable. A. not B. both C. either D. neither 5. I really enjoy the work that I do, _____ I have a hard time getting along with my colleagues. A. but B. and C. as D. or 50

6. Ms. Lee prepared the sales charts, _____ Ms. Kim presented them at the staff meeting. A. or B. during C. and D. of 7. We will review your application and schedule an interview _____ you have submitted all your paperwork. A. while B. prior to C. as soon as D. during which 8. She earns more money than her coworkers _____ she works a lot of overtime hours. A. although B. because C. despite D. nevertheless 9. Don’t forget to sign the application form _____ you submit it. A. while B. after C. as soon as D. before 10. We are looking for ways to reduce expenses _____ our financial situation is not good. A. although B. but C. because D. or 11. Ms. Toth slipped and fell _____ she was walking on the icy sidewalk in front of the building. A. while B. during C. Although D. but 12. _____ we were careful with expenses, we still went over our budget this year. A. If B. Since C. Because D. Even though 13. You can have your paycheck mailed to you, _____ you can have your salary deposited directly into your bank account. A. or B. if C. but D. so 14. _____ the manager’s suggestions were reasonable, the supervisor agreed with them. A. Until B. Although C. Because D. Even though 15. The project has been completed, _____ the final report is not ready yet. A. because B. but C. or D. since 16. The name of our company symbolizes tradition _____ experience. A. nor B. but C. or D. and 17. _____ the seminar, the audience had trouble hearing the speaker. A. Since B. During C. Although D. While 18. We were not able to meet our deadline _____ our computer malfunctioned at the last minute. A. until B. because C. if D. though 19. We will not send the payment _____ the invoice is corrected. A. until B. because C. since D. once 20. The price of the equipment is low, _____ the maintenance costs can be high. A. or B. but C. and D. either 51

Text Completion Directions: Read the texts that follow. A word or phrase is missing in some of the sentences. Four answer choices are given below each of the sentences. Select the best answer to computer the text. Then mark the letter (A), (B), (C), or (D) on your answer sheet. Questions 1-3 refer to the following letter. Ms. Susan Castelda 7129 Little Landing Stiltz, NJ, 08232 Dear Ms. Castelda We would like to express our gratitude to your continued support for our newsmagazine Frontiers. As your current subscription is due to expire in December, we appreciate your consideration to renewing your (1) . However, due to rising costs, our effort to keep a subscription rate unchanged is now no longer possible. As result, we are unable to avoid (2) the fee by 5%. The new rate, $25 per annum, will come into effect from January. With a decade of professional experience, we have never ceased to improve our contents. Next year, we are going to provide you with more profound insights and more comprehensive analyses to help you (3) the latest developments in this globalized world. Sincerely, William forte, Mr. Sales & Marketing Manager 1. (A) lawsuit (B) license (C) membership (D) particulars 2. (A) increasing (B) increase (C) increased (D) increases 3. (A) cut back on (B) get back at (C) keep abreast (D) do away with Questions 4-6 refer to the following letter. Are we overlooking potential help for those struggling with obesity? With the epidemic now estimated be costing the nation $147 billion annually, it’s a question that’s very much on the minds of health experts. And many, including lifestyle guru Shea Vaughn, are citing chiropractic care as a crucial part of overall wellness programs. “Chiropractic care helps patients with many physical (4) .” It also represent a proactive approach helping to prevent injury and relieve stress, while providing a positive influence (5) any individual’s mind, body and heart,” says the much - quoted author of “Breakthrough: The 5 Living Principles to Defeat stress, Look Great % find Total well - being.” What’s more, doctors of chiropractic can also counsel patients on their diets – what to emphasize (fruits, vegetables, whole grains and beans) and what to (6) . 52

“The key is to make consistent, small, positive changes,” says the foundation for Chiropractic Progress’ Gerard W. Clum, DC. 4. (A) fitness (B) ailments (C) joy (D) punishment 5. (A) under (B) at (C) on (D) to 6. (A) reduces (B) reduced (C) reducing (D) reduce Questions 7-9 refer to the following letter. To: All employees From: The Administration Date: September, 23 Subject: Guidelines on how to use the meeting rooms To ensure that all departments have equal access to the meeting rooms, we would like to inform you of several procedures to be followed. Each meeting room should be reserved at least one day (7) actual use. The reservation can be arranged with Mr. Travis Chesson, by phone (658.9863) or email ([email protected]). If you require technical (8) in the meeting rooms, please contact Mr. Charlie Osher from the IT Department by phone (658.9855) or email ([email protected]) after your reservation has been confirmed. Using the meeting rooms for personal purposes or any activities unrelated to the company (9) prohibited. Please keep the meeting rooms in the same conditions that they were found. All electrical devices should be turned off. All tables and chairs should be clean and clear of food & beverage. All lights should be switched off. 7. (A) after (B) before (C) until (D) since 8. (A) accuracy (B) expertise (C) assistance (D) hitch 9. (A) is (B) are (C) was (D) were 53

Questions 10-12 refer to the following article. Emergency preparedness for incidents affecting drinking water Major storms and other types of incidents can be highly disruptive for water systems. Learn what water consumers can do to protect (10) water. Visit: ● Our Water Emergency/Incident Information page for (11) information and resources. ● Natural Disasters website for information on how to prepare for emergencies. ● Ready.gov website for more information to help you Plan, Prepare, and Be Information For easy access to preparedness information on your smartphone, (12) the app or download the free Hurricane, Tornado, Earthquake or Wildfires Apps from the American Red Cross. 10. (A) they (B) theirs (C) them (D) their 11. (A) helpful (B) missing (C) useless (D) confidential 12. (A) carry out (B) check out (C) forge ahead (D) cope with Questions 13-15 refer to the following letter. from: Mr. Jamie Isserman To: Ms. Liz Bennett Date: 20 November Subject: Group Visit Reservation Dear Ms. Bennett, I would like to (13) a reservation for 20 people to the Modern Art Museum on 9 December at 10.30. The group is teachers from delta Charter International School. Since the members of the group are multiethnic, I would be very grateful (14) you could possibly arrange an English – speaking guide during the visit. In regard to an entrance fee, I believe, based on the content displayed in the museum’s website, that it is (15) for groups from educational institutions. With best regards, Jamie Isserman 13. (A) operate (B) execute (C) do (D) make 14. (A) as soon as (B) until (C) if (D) after 15. (A) waive (B) waived (C) waiving (D) waives Questions 16-18 refer to the following letter. Mr. Ernesto Barnes 553 Middle Lane, Bravo, MA, 54

1 February 2017 Dear Mr. Barnes, Recently, it has been to my attention that there is an (16) balance of $1,500 in your account. It is surprising (17) of such unexpected news. I understand that there must be some reasons behind this, so please let me know what they are. I promise I will do everything within my power to help you. Indeed, you have been a long-time customer and maintained a good credit reputation. I am certain that neither of us would like to see it suffer. Consequently, please settle the balance of $1,500 or send me an explanation letter (18) 15 February 2017. Sincerely, Joanne Marshall, Ms. Accounting & Finance Manager 16. (A) outstanding (B) excellent (C) acceptable (D) international 17. (A) learn (B) learning (C) to learn (D) learned 18. (A) beyond (B) within (C) at (D) between Questions 19-21 refer to the following article. When Gastro Esophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) is not treated, serious complication can occur. If you are constantly reaching for the antacids at the end of the day, the following tips may help: 1. Don’t lie down after eating. When you lie down, it’s easier for stomach acid to back up into the esophagus, particularly when you go to bed with a full stomach. Make sure to wait at least three to four hours after (19) before going to bed, and try raising the head of your bed. 2. Cut out problem foods. Chocolate, peppermint, tomato sauce, and fatty and spicy Foods have all been proven to (20) the symptoms of heartburn. Making a point to eat smaller meals will also help curb potential heartburn problems. 3. Avoid smoking and excessive amounts of alcohol. Using tobacco and ingesting alcohol reduce the pressure on the muscle between the esophagus and the stomach, permitting acid reflux to occur GERD has a physical cause and may not be improved by lifestyle factors alone. If you are using over-the-counter medications two or more times (21) week or are still having symptoms on prescription or other medicines, you need to see your doctor. Persistent symptoms of heartburn and acid reflux should not be ignored. 19. (A) eating (B) eaten (C) ate (D) to eat 20. (A) appear (B) revitalise (C) irritate (D) exacerbate 21. (A) its (B) this (C) the (D) a 55

Questions 22-24 refer to the following article. The following travel and home security tips will help you keep your belongings safe. ● Take trusted transportation. Avoid unmarked (or unknown) vehicles. Taxi lines at this airport and hotel are your best options. ● Ask for help. It’s always best to ask someone for directions rather than (22) someone to approach you. This way you are in control of the situation at all times. ● Keep your wallet and pure close. It’s best if women carry small purses and keep them close, while men should keep their wallets (or preferably, money clips) in their front pockets. ● Protect yourself and your home. There are a number of small key chain alarms or pepper sprays that will give you a sense of (23) . The personal alarm keychain, for instance, fastens to your keys and is an option for those planning to explore the city away from the comfort of the hotel. And for those times that you are away from home, consider installing wireless home security or standalone alarms. The standalone alarms are easy to install and can be purchased for as little as $20 to $50. ● Watch what you throw away. Potential intruders often rummage (24) trash to see what might be in your home. Boxes from new, expensive gift, or receipts for big purchased alert criminals that these big-ticket items can be found inside. 22. (A) to wait for (B) waiting for (C) wait for (D) waited for 23. (A) humor (B) harmony (C) security (D) loneliness 24. (A) through (B) away (C) of (D) for Questions 25-27 refer to the following article. To: [email protected] From: [email protected] Date: 1 Sep Re: Incorrect Invoice Dear Mr. Lopez, Please accept my deepest apologies for the incorrect invoice (25) to you last month. The figure should have been $9,000 instead of $10,000. The error occurred due to lack of communication from my side. The staff preparing the invoice was not informed that I (26) to give you a 10% discount for the order in August. (27) , I would like to express my apologies for this oversight. In case you have other enquiries, please do not hesitate to let me know. Sincerely, Delores Clayton Senior Sales Representative 56

25. (A) received (B) sent (C) paid (D) developed 26. (A) have agreed (B) will agree (C) had agreed (D) am agreeing 27. (A) Again (B) Besides (C) For instance (D) All in all Questions 28-30 refer to the following letter. Wilson High School 6093 Bright Oak Loop, Tobacco Landing, DC 4 October 2017 The American Association for the Advancement of Science 1200 New York Ave NW, Washington, DC Dear the President, Wilson High School is an award-winning school which prides (28) on the academic excellence and the relentless pursuit of knowledge. This year, we plan to (29) the annual science week exhibition during 1-7 November 2017 at our school. The theme is on environmental technology. There will be a wide range of programmers Including workshops, experiments, displays of our student’ groundbreaking work, research and talks from experts, who are willing to share their hands-on experience and the latest updates on the field. As part of you missions to foster education and increase public (30) with science and technology, I would like you to be part of this knowledge-broadening exhibition and would be grateful of the support from your organization. I am more than willing to answer any enquiries you may have, Please contact me via my email address : [email protected] or phone : 202-555-0192. Thank you very much for your kind consideration. Sincerely, Micheal Turner Principal 28. (A) we (B) our (C) ourselves (D) us 29. (A) hold (B) implement (C) seize (D) own 30. (A) engagingly (B) engaged (C) engage (D) engagement 57

Questions 31-33 refer to the following letter. Avoid Body Drought – How to Prevent Dehydration It’s in every living cell, tissue and organ, and it’s second only to oxygen as the thing we need most to survive pure, clean water. We can’t live without it, and we can’t live well without enough of it. We are constantly in need of water as we lose water with every breath and every activity of the body. We are especially at risk for dehydration when we exercise or we are ill – this is when dehydration, even mild dehydration, can its toll, (31) causing you to feel tired and drained of energy. Anyone may become dehydrated, but young children, older adults and people with chronic illnesses are most at risk. Dr. Julie Scarano, a doctor of chiropractic who is trained in prevention and wellness believes it’s better to prevent dehydration than to treat (32) . She also reminds you that the 23 intervertebral discs in your spine have high water content and that dehydration can be associated with spinal pain. Here are some preventative tips to help avoid dehydration: ● Choose your beverages wisely. Avoid or limit fruit juices, sodas, alcohol and high-sugar sports drinks. ● Drink a glass of water during and between meals, (33) before, during and after exercise. ● Plan outdoor activities for cooler parts of the day. ● Eat foods that are high in water content, such as fruits and vegetables. ● Make water your go-to beverage of choice. For more tips and information and to find a doctor of chiropractic near you, visit www.F4CP.org/findadoctor. 31. (A) locate (B) cause (C) take (D) improve 32. (A) them (B) it (C) us (D) her 33. (A) as well as (B) in spite of (C) nevertheless (D) as opposed to Questions 34-36 refer to the following letter. Perfect Friendship and Genuine Friends The traditional idea of friendship as suggested by Aristotle has three components: 1. Friendship based on utility: Utility is not permanent; it changes according to time and circumstances. Since that was what kept the friendship alive in the first place, with its disappearance, the friendship also breaks up due to the lack of grounds These kinds of friendship seem to occur mostly with people (34) their own advantages. They take pleasure in each other’s company only in so far as they have hopes of advantage from it. Friendships with foreigners are generally included in this class. 2. Friendship based on pleasure: Young people’s lives are regulated by their feelings and most friendships at young ages are grounded (35) pleasure. The chief interest of the young is their own pleasure and the opportunity of the moment. With time their tastes and preferences change and so they are quick in making and breaking friendship too. Because their affection changes just as the objects of their 58

pleasure, the fall in and out of friendship quickly, changing their attitude sometimes even within the same day. 3. Perfect friendship: This type of friendship is based on goodness. Only the friendship of those people, who are good and similar in their goodness, is perfect. And it is those who desire the good of their friends for the friend’ sake and not for any incidental quality that are really true friends. (36) goodness is an enduring quality, friendship of this kind is permanent. In this kind of friendship people are united in the attributes that friends ought to possess. 34. (A) isolating (B) justifying (C) rejecting (D) pursuing (C) towards (D) around 35. (A) at (B) on (C) While (D) Before 36. (A) Since (B) Until Questions 37-39 refer to the following letter. How to sit Through a Movie in comfort Movies have always fascinated Americans. They are a way to escape reality (if only for a couple of hours), a place to stay cool on hot summer days, a typically pure, unadulterated enjoyment. Cinemas are now capitalizing on this form of entertainment by boasting reserved seating, fancier food than your standard popcorn and soda, and best of all, adult beverages all for (37) a price. However, even with all the bells and whistles that are part and parcel of many movie theaters, there are still things you may want to bring to make your experience that much more pleasurable, as well as do’s and don’ts to attending your favorite flick.  Do Bring an Extra Sweater Movie theaters tend to get cold (which is why they’re a great place to go in the summer) ,so (38) a long-sleeve shirt is never a bad idea. You can also forego it if the theater temperature suit you. ● Silence Your Phone Out of respect to those around you, don’t forget to turn your phone to vibrate, or better yet, turn it off completely. This way, you won’t be tempted to see if anyone has texted you. ● Don’t Start a conversation While people have their thoughts on any given movie or scene, or want to opine with their date about whodunit, keep the chit-chat (39) a minimum. Even over the superior sound systems used in movie theaters today, voices still carry. 37. (A) high-end (B) secluded (C) unfavorable (D) mandatory 38. (A) brought (B) bring (C) bringing (D) brings 39. (A) of (B) for (C) in (D) to Questions 40-42 refer to the following letter. GMB, along with sister trade unions Unite and Unison have been involved in negotiations with MBC (40) the introduction if a 2 -year job promise’ aiming to safeguard as many jobs as possible Although in principal GMB support any move to avoid job losses, we have had to fight hard to have included the flowing safeguards to the job promise to avoid the promise becoming a burden of increased workload or a means to 59

matching people to less suitable jobs. Although in principal GMB support any move to avoid job losses, we have had to fight hard to have included the following safeguards to the hob promise to avoid the promise becoming a burden of increased workload or a means to matching people to less suitable jobs. ● Anyone put at risk of (41) in the next two years will be offered a suitable alternative job which should be on the same pay. ● For the first six months of any redeployment arrangements will be offered training and support for their new role. We negotiated a guarantee that no one will be performance managed’ during this time. ● The council has committed to reduce the use of agency workers in favor of protecting jobs. ● Job Descriptions may change as part of the annual (42) but individuals ● And/or job groups have the right to union representation any change to job groups will go through the normal consultation process. We negotiated in good faith on behalf of our members and felt we had engaged In something that could have set an example to other Local Authorities with Regard to not just going for the easy option of job cuts, however we have now been notified of a press release that states we have agrees to a job promise that basically allows our members to be vulnerable to easy changes to their job descriptions to suit the council. 40. (A) in excess of (B) with regard to (C) on behalf of (D) in contrast with 41. (A) criticism (B) proposal (C) subsidiary (D) redundancy 42. (A) appraise (B) appraisee (C) appraisal (D) appraiser Questions 43-45 refer to the following letter. 7180 Rocky Pony Front, Peach Pu, Florida 19 August 2017 Lakewood Bank 5576 Silent Dale Nook, Yakt, South Carolina Dear the Customer Service Manager, I am writing to inform you my new address as shown in the heading. The reason of the (43) is because I have been transferred to work in a Florida branch office. Consequently, I would much obliged if you (44) update my address in your database to ensure that I am able to receive news concerning your latest products and services without interruption and you can contact me whenever you need. Meanwhile, I would like to take this opportunity to thank you for the excellent service you have been (45) for four years. Regards, Danielle Clarke 60

43. (A) capitalisation (B) attendance (C) relocation (D) assurance 44. (A) are (B) would (C) have (D) did 45. (A) providing (B) provided (C) provide (D) provides Questions 46-48 refer to the following article. Light Up Your Holidays with LED Lights This holiday season, while admiring all the beautifully lit homes in your neighborhood, you may notice that some holiday lights are brighter and more vivid than others. According to the American Lighting Association (ALA), the reason for the added (46) is that more homeowners are opting to decorate with LED lights instead of the traditional Incandescent type. “Incandescent bulbs have been (47) for decorating holiday trees since 1882, shortly after (Thomas) Edison invented and demonstrated his first practical incandescent bulbs on New Year’s Eve in 1879,” says Terry McGowan, ALA director of technology. “Now, more than a century later, incandescent holiday lights are being phased out as LED bulbs appear in a multitude of types, colors, sizes and string configurations.” Compared (48) strings of incandescent bulbs, LEDs offer: ● Longer life (3-year warranties; average life up to 100,000 hours.) ● Energy saving and efficiency (16-17 watts of saving for a 25 foot light string) --- a reduction of more than 75 percent. ● Bright colors --- LEDs generate only the desired color; incandescent bulbs use color filters that waste light. ● Cool operation --- LEDs have no hot filament inside; bulbs remain cool. 46. (A) variety (B) cruise (C) livestock (D) sparkle 47. (A) used (B) use (C) uses (D) to use 48. (A) from (B) to (C) as (D) on Questions 49-51 refer to the following article. Nonprofit Seeks to Bring Attention to Preventing Sports injuries It’s considered a “silent epidemic” and it’s threatening our nation’s youth. We’re talking about sports-related injuries. Every day nearly 8,000 young athletes sustain injuries bad enough to send them to an emergency room, and, if that’s not upsetting enough, take a look at these (49) from the National Athletic Trainers’ Association and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: ● In the past year alone, 48 youths died due to sports injuries. ● About 30,000 high school athletes are hospitalized every year. ● Concussions account for 90 percent of high schoolers’ 300,000 annual head injuries. That explains why a new program called “Athletic TIPS” (Towards Injury Prevention in Sports) has (50) the support of everyone from health-care providers to athletic directors to sports stars, like football 61

legend Michael Strahan. The retired New York Giants defensive end, in fact, narrates the introductory video on behalf of the not-for-profit group behind the cause. The Program’s goal is to foster “a safer experience” for athletes at the kindergarten through college levels by focusing on the recognition, prevention and management of sports-related injuries-all done (51) community workshops, online learning and other grass roots initiatives. 49. (A) statistics (B) theories (C) accomplishments (D) complexities 50. (A) progressed (B) founded (C) diagnosed (D) garnered 51. (A) beyond (B) for (C) via (D) under Questions 52-54 refer to the following article. Capricorn (DEC 22 – Jan 19) Handle personal relationship with care today, and you’ll avoid getting into a (52) with someone you love today. Money matters will be at the helm of a disagreement. Try to compromise, but don’t jeopardize your financial security. Don’t make donations or spend money because you are being pressured tomorrow and on Tuesday. Offer physical contributions that will help you gain the respect and admiration of your peers. You’ll be walking a (53) line when it comes to handling emotional matters on Wednesday, Thursday and Friday. Do your best to avoid unpredictable people or making spur-of-the-moment decisions. Don’t feel you have to follow the crowd (54) fit in on Saturday. 52. (A) popularity (B) mileage (C) demand (D) spat 53. (A) fine (B) marvelous (C) perfect (D) excellent 54. (A) by dint of (B) at risk of (C) in order to (D) in relation to Questions 55-57 refer to the following email. To: [email protected] From: [email protected] Date: 30 November 2017 Re: Order #789652 Dear Mr. Deloney, As Specified in the number above, I placed an order for the Rigid Linear Motor Driven High- Performance Wire EDM Machine on 30 September 2017. In a document, it is stated that the delivery (55) is due on 31 October 2017. Obviously, it is now four weeks after what has been stated in the document and the product still has not been received. At the juncture, I am unable to wait any longer (56) it will affect my production deadline. Therefore, I am writing to cancel the aforementioned order. I do not (57) to receive the bill. 62

Regards, Roberts Giles 55. (A) van (B) date (C) charge (D) man (C) but (D) and 56. (A) that (B) as (C) excel (D) extend 57. (A) expect (B) expand Questions 58-60 refer to the following article. To: [email protected] From: [email protected] Re: New Position of Nanotechnologist Dear Caleb, From the workshop last week, you proposed that it was important for our company to venture into the field of nanotechnology since that fast-growing area of science would help our company make remarkable discoveries. I couldn’t agree more with your idea and I believe that a good starting point to (58) such goal is to create the position of a nanotechnologist. I have talked to our lab staff and supervisor and they agree that it would be a wise move. The thing is currently we do not have a person qualified for this position. (59) , what we need is to recruit a new employee. The qualifications should include a Master’s degree in nanotechnology, applied physics, Nano system engineering or other related fields. What a successful candidate is expected to do is to create devices and materials on the nanoscale and perform experiments (60) the nanotechnology that has been produced. Also, she/he is expected to order materials and chemicals for the lab. Please let me know if this meets with your approval so that I can begin the recruitment process with the Human Resources Department. Regards, Joel McEwen 58. (A) attain (B) function (C) mishear (D) predict 59. (A) Finally (B) Subsequently (C) Consequently (D) Similarly 60. (A) testing (B) to test (C) tested (D) test 63

Reading for Comprehensions 1. Advertisement 2. Article 3. Announcement 4. Invoice 5. Notice 6. Instruction 7. Letter 8. Email 9. Information 10. Memorandum 11. Text message (*for updated TOEIC) Advertisements Questions 1-2 refer to the following advertisement. 1. What is being advertised? (A) Home for sale (B) An online service (C) An apartment for rent (D) Rooms for rent 2. In the message, the word “filter” in paragraph? (A) sort (B) purify (C) screen (D) classify 64

Questions 3-5 refer to the following advertisement. 3. Who would most likely be interested in this advertisement? (A) Travelers (B) Stored Luggage’s staff members (C) Airline crew (D) Shipping Service providers 5. The word “reasonable” in paragraph 2, line 5 is closest in meaning to (A) adjustable (B) inexpensive (C) sufficient (D) consistent 4. What cannot be purchased at the Stored Luggage centers? (A) A suitcase (B) A carry-on luggage (C) A backpack (D) A travel insurance plan 65

Questions 6-8 refer to the following advertisement. 6. What is being advertised? (A) An employment opportunity (B) A sale in supermarket (C) A financial training course (D) A marketing training program 8. What will be given to those completing this 12-week program? (A) $1250 (B) A position in a bank (C) A financial portfolio (D) A diploma 7. Who is this advertisement intended for? (A) Those who want to work in supermarkets. (B) Those who look for a part-time job (C) Those who interested in learning about stock trading (D) Those who would like to work for financial institutions Questions 9-11 refer to the following advertisement. FREE SUNGLASSES AND CASE Purchase a 12 month subscription to Vacation the Nation today and receive a free pair of Sunnies Sunglasses with your very own soft leather case.* To get your free Sunnies follow these a easy steps. Purchase copy of Vacation the Nation, New York’s #1 Travel magazine. Fill out the application card (found in the center of the magazine) Mail the card and $21.95 US to the address provided 1st *This is a limited time offer only. Application and funds6m6ust be received no later that Dec 2004. Canadian residents should add $3 US for shipping. Offer not available for residents outside of North America.

9. What is this advertisement for? (A) A summer trip (B) A travel company (C) A special deal (D) A free magazine 11. Who cannot benefit from this special deal? (A) Canadians (B) UK residents (C) North Americans (D) US residents 10. How much do the sunglasses cost? (A) They are free with a subscription. (B) They cost $1. (C) They cost $3 Canadian. (D) They cost $21.95 US. Articles Questions 12-13 refer to the following article. 12. According to the article, how many percent of people do not have savings? (A) 36 percent (B) 26 percent (C) 20 percent (D) 59 percent 13. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the top ten savings goals? (A) Trip (B) Education (C) Purchasing a home (D) Family Questions 14-18 refer to the following article. 14. What does the airport propose to do? (A) Build new plane parking space (B) Construct a new terminal (C) Increase the number of flights (D) Improve its service 17. The word “accommodate” in paragraph 3, line 5, is closest in meaning to (A) handle (B) stop (C) reject (D) provide 67

15. If the proposed plan has been approved, when will the project be completed? (A) In 2008 (B) In 2015 (C) As early as the following year (D) In 2020 18. Who will most likely benefit from the project during the expansion? (A) Lansdale City Airport (B) The City Council (C) People who need employment (D) Airport Authority of Lansdale 16. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the article? (A) This expansion project is necessary. (B) The project will help create jobs. (C) The airport expanded its space once back in 2008. (D) Aircraft of the future will be bigger in size. Questions 19-20 refer to the following article. 19. What is the purpose of this article? (A) To announce an opening of the new airline (B) To publicize new models of aircraft (C) To report an airline’s investment (D) To welcome a new chief executive 68

20. What benefit would the airline gain from its new fleet? (A) Much lower fuel cost (B) Faster aircraft (C) More room of passengers (D) Newer airplanes Questions 21-25 refer to the following article. Job Trends for the future emphasize careers in sales and marketing. Most of growth will come in international sales, high technology, and electronic, marketing. Research shows that overseas sales of high equipment and technology will increase 20% in the next decade. The internet is the primary source for advertising and marketing to these overseas customers. At the same time, however, successful marketers must find new avenues to increase consumer awareness of their products. As some clients on the internet, and as others are still just learning to navigate the Web, the marketers of the future will have to be inventive. More traditional sales skills, such as bilingualism and an agreeable character, are still useful. Willingness to travel is also a plus. 21. What king of careers show promise for the future? (A) Research and development (B) Sales and marketing (C) High technology (D) Travel agents 24. The author believes that the successful marketer must be (A) bilingual (B) overseas (C) Abreast of research (D) creative 22. Why are these careers increasing in importance? (A) Companies are trying to focus on profits (B) They address a neglected market segment (C) High-tech sales are growing (D) Most marketing will occur on the Internet 69

25. According to the article, why isn’t Internet advertising always effective? (A) Some users see too much of it; some see too little (B) Many users have limited English skills (C) Access to the web may be limited (D) Consumers are unaware of products advertised on the Internet 23. The word “avenues” in paragraph 2, line 7, is closest in meaning to (A) streets (B) ways (C) stores (D) sales Questions 26-29 refer to the following article. Hotels are changing their wasteful habits and getting involved in the move to save the environment. At major hotels throughout the world, guests are being greeted by shampoo and mouthwash in glass dispensers instead of collaborate plastic bottles. They are discovering recycling bins in their rooms, and are encouraged to use towel more than once before they are washed. This green movement is becoming increasingly popular among tourists who look for service providers with an environmental conscience. The business of eco-tours is increasing rapidly. Travel agents are booking clients on “Save the Rainforest” expeditions and similar trips where the emphasis is on protecting the world. The tourists on these trips are given lectures on the effects of the loss of our planet’s natural wonders and what they can do to reverse the trend. They do not need much convincing. The travelers on these excursions are already committed to environmental protection. In fact, a two-year study of litter in Antarctica found that the entire collection of litter left by visitors to the continent could be put in one small sandwich bag. Compare that amount of litter with what the average traveler finds strewn on the streets around a hotel, even an environmentally sensitive hotel. 26. What trend is currently affecting hotels and their guests? (A) Larger rooms (B) Better amenities (C) Lighter foods (D) Protecting the earth 28. Which group would most likely be members of the green movement? (A) Fashion designers 70

(B) First-time visitors (C) Environmentally conscious travelers (D) Golf course owners 27. What does the article imply about glass dispensers and re-using towels? (A) It’s a marketing gimmick. (B) It’s only effective on eco-tours. (C) It’s a wise choice environmentally. (D) Hotels can set consumer trends. 29. According to the article, eco-travelers should expect (A) To find litter. (B) To hear lectures on the environment. (C) To pay more than other travelers (D) To carry their own food Announcements Questions 30-33 refer to the following announcement. 30. What type of service does a successful applicant have to provide? (A) Teaching the residents how to drive (B) Performing a CPR training (C) Providing rides for the community (D) Driving a school bus 32. When can an application be obtained? 71

(A) By visiting the rider office (B) By e-mail (C) By fax (D) By mail 31. Which of the following is a mandatory requirement for this volunteer position? (A) The ability to perform CPR (B) Passing the drug test (C) Obtaining a CDL (D) Having a high school diploma 33. When can a successful applicant start providing his or her service? (A) After obtaining a driver’s license (B) Next week (C) After completing CPR training (D) immediately Invoices Questions 34-36 refer to the following invoice. 72

34. Who is responsible for making the payment? (A) Nate’s Sports Bar (B) Big Screen Outlet (C) Geek Guys (D) Accounting Department 35. When can the customer expect to have the TVs installed? (A) April 1 (B) April 2 (C) April 30 (D) May 31 36. When is the last day to make a payment? (A) April 1 (B) April 2 (C) April 30 (D) May 31 Notes ✍ quantity (N.) = ปรมิ ำณ, จำนวน install (V.) = ติดต้ัง price (N.) = รำคำ invoice (N.) = ใบเรยี กเก็บเงิน payment (N.) = กำรจำ่ ยเงนิ , กำรชำระหนี้ description (N.) = ลักษณะ Accounting Department = แผนกบญั ชี purchase (V.) = ซื้อ customer (N.) = ลูกคำ้ , ผซู้ ื้อ concerning (PREP) = เกี่ยวกับ responsible for = รับผดิ ชอบในกำร.... Notices 73

Questions 37-39 refer to the following notice 37. To what event is the reader being invited? (A) An anniversary celebration (B) An awards ceremony (C) A dinner party (D) A facility’s grand reopening 38. Prior to this event, why did the city close down the building? (A) To offer new recreation classes (B) To relocate the building (C) To have it renamed (D) To have the facility remodeled 39. What is NOT mentioned as a new feature of the building? (A) A cafeteria (B) A heating and air conditioning system (C) A waiting area (D) New restrooms 74

Notes ✍ notice (N.) = ประกำศ invite (V.) = เชญิ attend (V.) = เขำ้ ร่วม cerebration (N.) = กำรฉลอง facility (N.) = ส่ิงอำนวยควำมสะดวก provide (V.) = จดั เตรยี มไวใ้ ห้ R.S.V.P = กรุณำตอบกลบั ด้วย (Please Reply) close down (PHRV) = ปดิ กิจกำร Questions 40-41 refer to the following notice. 40. Who is this notice intended for? (A) Metropolis police (B) General public (C) Metropolis night officers (D) Motorcyclists 41. In case of an emergency, which telephone number should one dial? (A) 100 (B) 1090 (C) 3250070099 (D) Any phone number 75

Questions 42-46 refer to the following notice. 42. What is being notified? (A) A road closure (B) A water leak on the road (C) Traffic congestion (D) An agenda of the next council meeting 43. Who have the access to get through Mauney Road during this period? (A) The local residents who live on Mauney Road (B) Those who live on Lindsey Road (C) The motorists who own a property on Frazier Pike (D) Every motorist 44. What is the purpose of this closure? (A) To pave the road (B) To give the road a big clean (C) To help ease the process of installing the drainage pipes (D) To connect Lindsey Road to Frazier Pike 76

45. The word “inclusive” in paragraph 2, line 2, is closest in meaning to (A) subjective (B) included (C) informative (D) responsive 46. What would the motorists who usually use Mauney Road have to do? (A) Complain to the county (B) Providing a helping hand in cleaning (C) Report the water leak to the county (D) Use an alternative route Notes ✍ request (N.) = กำรขอรอ้ ง temporary (Adj.) = ชัว่ ครำว closure (N.) = กำรปิด traffic (N.) = กำรจรำจร inclusive (Adj.) = รวมดว้ ย purpose (N.) = วัตถปุ ระสงค์ drainage (N.) = กำรระบำยน้ำ water mains (N.) = ทอ่ นำ้ ประปำ detour (N.) = เส้นทำงอ้อม resident (N.) = ผพู้ ักอำศัย operation (N.) = กำรดำเนินกำร Instructions Questions 47-48 refer to the following instruction. 77

47. What is the purpose of these safety instructions? (A) To cut down on the utility bill (B) To protect your home from a burglar (C) To prevent fire hazard (D) To keep yourself from getting electrocuted 48. Which of the following is NOT mentioned as one of the given safety instructions? (A) Fix a smoke alarm. (B) Plan your escape route. (C) Switch an overheated appliance off at the socket. (D) Don’t exceed electrical loads on extension leads. Notes ✍ instruction (N.) = ขอ้ ควรปฏบิ ัต,ิ คำแนะนำ smoke detector (N.) = เครือ่ งตรวจจบั ควันไฟ appliance (N.) = เครอ่ื งใช้ power strip (N.) = ปล๊ักพ่วงสำยไฟ (ปลัก๊ สำมตำ) prevent (V.) = ปอ้ งกัน fire hazard (N.) = อคั คภี ยั escape (N.) = กำรหลบหนี route (N.) = เสน้ ทำง 78

Letters Questions 49-52 refer to the following letter. 49. What is the purpose of the letter? (A) To place an order 50. (B) To make a complaint (C) To provide a compliment 51. What type of business is Major Electric? (D) To ask about an employment (A) An appliance manufacturer (B) A repair shop opportunity (C) A magazine publisher How did Mr.Collins learn about the (D) A website service provider product? (A) By reading the user’s guide 52. What is enclosed with the letter? (B) By browsing the websites (A) A copy of the warranty (C) By watching commercials on TV (B) A review from magazine (D) By reading magazines (C) A proof of purchase (D) The user’s guide 79

Notes ✍ reputation (N.) = ชอื่ เสียง appreciate (V.) = ช่นื ชม, ซำบซง้ึ Customer Service = ลูกค้ำสมั พนั ธ์, บรกิ ำรลกู ค้ำ opportunity (N.) = โอกำส disappointed (Adj.) = ผดิ หวงั warranty (N.) = กำรรับประกนั complaint (N.) = กำรรอ้ งเรยี น manufacturer (N.) = ผูผ้ ลติ Questions 53-54 refer to the following letter. 53. Why did Ms. Rogers write to Mr. Ward? (A) To ask him to contact Mr. Johnson in Paris (B) To let him know of the ongoing conference in Paris (C) To inform him that she had received his letter (D) To respond to his complaint 80

54. When will Mr. Johnson probably return to work? (A) June 5 (B) May 22 (C) May 20 (D) May 31 Notes ✍ inform (V.) = แจง้ ใหท้ รำบ respond to (PHRV.) = พูดหรือเขยี นตอบ receipt (N.) = ใบเสรจ็ รับเงนิ absence (N.) = ชว่ งเวลำทไ่ี ม่อยู่ Questions 55-58 refer to the following letter. 55. What is the purpose of the letter? (A) To remind of the late payment (B) To urge for a donation (C) To respond to question (D) To encourage membership 81

56. What is enclosed with this letter (A) Last month’s issue magazine (B) A renewal form (C) A photograph (D) 12 new issues of Photo World Today 57. How often is Photo World Today published? (A) Once a year (B) Twice a month (C) Every quarter (D) Every month 58. What is mentioned about the website? (A) It can be used as a substitution for the renewal form. (B) It contains online version of the magazine. (C) It offers online contests for readers. (D) It provides discount for those who would like to buy a new camera. Notes ✍ Urgent (Adj.) = เร่งดว่ น, ท่จี ำเปน็ เรง่ ดว่ น subscriber (N.) = ผู้บอกรบั เป็นสมำชกิ สงิ่ ตีพมิ พ์ privileges (N.) = โอกำส, สิทธิพเิ ศษ renew (V.) = ต่อสญั ญำ, ต่ออำยุ remind of (PHRV.) = ทำใหร้ ะลกึ ถึง, ทำให้จำได้ 82

E-mails Questions 59-61 refer to the following e-mail. 59. When are the services from Catering Delight needed? (A) On April 27 (B) On April 29 (C) On April 30 (D) On May 4 60. Why did Mr. Stark contact Catering Delight? (A) He wanted to find a place to hold a party. (B) He was looking for someone to provide. (C) He wanted to make a reservation for his company’s trip. (D) He was trying to arrange services for his boss’s birthday party. 61. Which of the following is NOT attached to this e-mail? (A) Prices (B) Menu (C) Location choices (D) Billing information 83

Notes ✍ inquiry (N.) = กำรสอบถำม catering (N.) = กำรจดั อำหำรใหใ้ นงำนเลย้ี ง, กำรจัดเล้ียง arrange (V.) = จดั เตรยี ม Information Questions 62-64 refer to the following information. 62. Where would this information most likely be found? (A) At supermarkets (B) At restaurants (C) At airports (D) At police stations 63. The word “banned” in paragraph 2, line 3 is closest in meaning to (A) required (B) prohibited (C) allowed (D) Limited 64. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in this information? (A) The Border Agency offer can answer your questions about the products you are bringing in. (B) Getting caught bearing any banned items could be fined. 84

(C) All fruit products should be declared. (D) You could be fined after declaring banned items. Notes ✍ declare (V.) = เปดิ เผย essential (Adj.) = จำเปน็ restricted (Adj.) = ถกู จำกัด, ซง่ึ ถกู ยับยั้ง destroy (V.) = ทำลำย allow (V.) = อนุญำต seize (V.) = ยดึ Illegal (Adj.) = ผดิ กฎหมำย penalty (N.) = กำรลงโทษ, เบย้ี ปรับ smuggling (N.) = กำรลกั ลอบ (นำเขำ้ หรือสง่ ออก) permit (V.) = อนญุ ำต fine (N.) = ค่ำปรบั prosecution (N.) = กำรฟ้องร้อง, กำรดำเนินคดีตำมกฎหมำย Memorandum Questions 65-66 refer to the following memorandum. Memorandum To: Supervisors From: Judy Lindquist, Human resource Manager Sub: Probation periods As of January 1st all new employees will be subject to a 3 month probationary period. Medical, holiday, and flextime benefits will not apply to new staff members until the full 3 months have expired. After the three months have been completed, please contact your employees and inform them that their probationary period has ended. The HR department will 65. Wchoant tisatchet ymoaiun pbuyrpoes-emofathilis2mdemaoy?s in advance to remind you of the (dA)ateT.o Tinhfoarmnkallyeomuplofyoeresyoofuarnecwooperation. expiration date (B) To put staff members of a new expiration (C) To introduce the HR department (D) To inform supervisors of a change in policy 66. When does the change come into effect? (A) Today (B) In 2 days (C) In 3 months (D) On January 1st Notes ✍ memorandum (N.) = บันทกึ ข้อควำม probation period = ระยะทดลองงำน benefit (N.) = ผลประโยชน policy (N.) = นโยบำย 85

Text messages Questions 67-68 refer to the following text message chain. 67. What is suggested about Mr. Bach? (A) He has been to Kansai more than once. (B) He currently works in Beijing. (C) He is on a business trip. (D) He works for Fly Right Airlines. 68. At 12:15, what does Mr. Otani mean when he writes, “Sure thing”? (A) He has confirmed the arrival time of a flight. (B) He is certain he will be able to find a parking place. (C) He agrees to wait at the door near the customs area. (D) He knows Mr. Bach must pass through customs. Notes ✍ currently (Adv.) = ในปัจจบุ นั customs (N.) = ศุลกำกร 86

Questions 69-70 refer to the following text message chain. 4:48 P.M. 4:49 P.M. BRYCE HARRISON 4:51 P.M. Hi Nina. Got a huge favor. 4:52 P.M. 4:55 P.M. NINA DELORES What's up? 4:57 P.M. 5:00 P.M. BRYCE HARRISON Could you contact Pelegrini's about tonight's booking? There will now be 9 of us. 5:02 P.M. 5:04 P.M. NINA DELORES How come? BRYCE HARRISON Travis Wharton from Invidia Designs can now make it. He is flying out to L.A. tomorrow instead of today. NINA DELORES Great news! Are we still OK for 6:30? BRYCE HARRISON Actually, the weather is creating congestion on the roads today. Better make it for half an hour later. NINA DELORES Good idea. I'll also make sure that our regular table overlooking the bay is available. BRYCE HARRISON What would I do without you? 69. What is being discussed? (A) A theater production (B) A dinner reservation (C) A board meeting (D) A travel itinerary 70. At 4:57 P.M., what does Ms. Delores mean when she writes, “Great news”? (A) She will travel overseas. (B) The man offered her a job. (C) The weather will improve. (D) A guest is able to attend. 87

Notes ✍ congestion (N.) = ควำมแออัด reservation (N.) = กำรจอง offer (V.) = เสนอเพ่ือให้พจิ ำรณำ Questions 71 refer to the following text message chain. 71. At 10.35 A.M., what does Ms. Delores mean when she writes, “I don’t have a key”? (A) He is not allowed to make a purchase. (B) He has not yet been officially hired. (C) He cannot access a storage room. (D) He is waiting to receive a shipment. 88

Multiple Passages Double Passages (บทความค่)ู 1. Advertisement and form 2. Letter and document 3. Letter and letter 4. E-mail and form 5. E-mail and announcement 6. E-mail and advertisement 7. E-mail and e-mail 8. Etc. Advertisements and forms Questions 1-5 refer to the following advertisement and form. 89

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1. What is the purpose of the advertisement? (A) To report the hunger situation in the world (B) To encourage a donation (C) To announce a new program (D) To notify of the change of the organization’s address 4. The word “starvation” in paragraph 1, line 1, is closet in meaning to (A) hunger (B) donation (C) foundation (D) contribution 2. Which of the following statement is NOT mentioned in the advertisement? (A) No more Hunger Foundation works with other charitable organizations. (B) The donation money is spent towards buying food for children in need. (C) Your donations can be tax-deductible if you make a certain amount of contribution. (D) The minimum amount to donate is $25. 5. What can be inferred about Rick Grimes’s contribution? (A) It is not tax-deductible. (B) It will be charged to his checking account. (C) It will be spent on bread for many children. (D) His contribution is lower than the minimum donation amount. 3. At least how much money does a person need to contribute in order to qualify for tax-deductible? (A) $25 (B) $50 (C) $100 (D) No minimum amount Notes ✍ Hunger (N.) = ควำมอดอยำก, ควำมหิวโหย Syn. starvation Foundation (N.) = มูลนิธิ, องคก์ ร 91

Suffer (from) (V.) = ทนทุกขท์ รมำน Malnourishment (N.) = ภำวะขำดอำหำร Micronutrient deficiency (NP.) = ภำวะขำดสำรอำหำร Contribution (N.) = กำรช่วยเหลอื , กำรบรจิ ำค, กำรสนบั สนนุ Supply (N.) = กำรจัดหำให้, สิ่งของทจี่ ัดหำให;้ (V.) จัดหำให้ Donation (N.) = กำรบริจำค Tax-deductible (ADJ.) = ลดหย่อนภำษไี ด้ Receipt (N.) = ใบเสร็จรับเงนิ Enclose (V.) = แนบ, ติดไปดว้ ย Syn. attach Letters and documents Questions 6-10 refer to the following letter and document. 92

6. Why did Michael Chapman write to Emma Swan? (A) To invite her to dinner (B) To respond to her complaint (C) To congratulate her on her anniversary (D) To request a gift certificate 9. What is NOT true about redeeming the voucher? (A) It can be used at Spoon’s Restaurant only. (B) It can be redeemed as cash. (C) It was purchased by M. C. & Associates. (D) Its value is $200. 7. What is NOT mentioned in the letter? (A) M. C. & Associates was founded 10 years ago. (B) The company is satisfied with Emma’s performance. (C) There is a voucher attached to the letter. (D) Emma has been working with the company for a decade. 1 Who is Scott Thomas? 0. (A) A client of M. C. & Associates (B) A restaurant patron (C) Michael Chapman’s associate (D) An employee of Spoon’s Restaurant 8. What is Michael Chapman offering Emma Swan? (A) A new position (B) A gift voucher (C) A large office (D) A dinner party Notes ✍ Opportunity (N.) = โอกำส Workmanship (N.) = ควำมเชยี่ วชำญ, ควำมทักษะของคนงำน Loyalty (N.) = ควำมจงรักภักดี, ควำมซื่อสตั ย์ Depend on (V.) = ขนึ้ อยู่กับ Capable (ADJ.) = ทีส่ ำมำรถทำได้ Recognize (V.) = สำนกึ , จำได้ 93

Maintain (V.) = รกั ษำไว้ Appreciate (V.) = ยกย่องชื่นชม, สำนึกบุญคณุ Hard work (NP.) = กำรต้งั ใจทำงำนอยำ่ งอดทน Not redeemable for cash = ไมส่ ำมำรถแลกคนื เปน็ เงินสดได้ Letters and letters Questions 11-15 refer to the following letters. 94

11. What kind of product does B&B Laboratories probably produce? (A) Diet soft drinks (B) Advertisements (C) Magazines (D) Vitamins and minerals 14. How much does Mr. Holmes have to pay if he wants to place a full-page ad in Diet & Exercise for a year? (A) $18,000 (B) $13,000 (C) $10,000 (D) $1,100 12. How many copies of Diet & Exercise Magazine are published each month? (A) 30,000 (B) 45,000 (C) 65,000 (D) 100,000 15. What is NOT enclosed with the second letter? (A) Advertising rates (B) Advertising policy (C) Advertisement samples (D) Billing information 13. Why is Diet & Exercise Magazine the right choice for B&B Laboratories to place this advertisement? (A) Most of its readers use nutritional supplements. (B) The advertising rates are reasonable. (C) It has more than 60,000 readers nationwide. (D) Most of its readers are well educated. Notes ✍ Manufacturer (N.) = ผผู้ ลิต Dietary supplement (NP.) = ผลติ ภณั ฑอ์ ำหำรเสรมิ Interested in (V.) = สนใจ Possibility (N.) = ควำมเป็นไปได้ Potential user (NP.) =ผใู้ ช้ที่มีควำมเปน็ ไปได้ Primarily (ADV.) = แรกเร่มิ , สำคัญ Fall into (PHRV.) = ถกู จดั อยูใ่ นกล่มุ ของ Marital status (NP.) = สถำนภำพทำงกำรสมรส Annual income (NP.) = รำยไดต้ อ่ ปี Demographic information (NP.) = ข้อมลู ทำงสถิตขิ องประชำชน 95

Prompt attention (NP.) = กำรสนใจอยำ่ งทันที (กำรตอบกลบั อยำ่ งรวดเรว็ ) Distinctive features (NP.) = ลกั ษณะทโ่ี ดดเดน่ Competitor (N.) = ค่แู ขง่ Median age (NP.) = อำยุโดยเฉล่ยี Policy (N.) = นโยบำย Reasonable (ADJ.) = มเี หตุผล, เหมำะสม E-mails and forms Questions 16-20 refer to the following form and e-mail. 96

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