ພູມສາດ_Geo

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7eoe xB,c[[IPor6,lkf0Ao ,D$ wfhIP[IP’0Bo8k,s^adl6flt[a[xt8yI6[.\\.j o xu @WW_ grnvj 8v[lt|v’8k,7;k,IPdIvh ’8vh ’dkovoa I[u f;j o0v’l’a 7,q .oxfa 9[5 oa c]t .sch mfg\\ktd[a czop5fmtlkf0v’dkorafmtokdkolbdlkmduj t-;’lbdlkmydko c]t dy]k ;k’vvdD .ox,B c[[IPor,6 lkfgs,A^ oU oda IPo9twfIh PoIdh6 Pj ;d[a r,6 lkfme,t-kfF r,6 lkfl’a 7,q F r,6 lkfglf4tdyf0v’]k;D govN .omlju tcf’vvd.ox,B s;q oU gxoa rP’0,h= o6 roN 4ko grvjn .soh da IPo c]t 7w6 foh e.-gh 0kQ .o dkoIPo{dkolvogmqjkoAoD 76lk,kf-vdsk0=h,6ogruj,g8u,9kds^kpcs^j’gvdtlko grnjv.sh cmfg\\ktd[a ltrk[dkosoa xPj o0v’3]d.oxfa 9[5 oa D ltoAo 9’bj 0=IPdIhv’,kpa’76}vk9ko c]t mkj oz6hvkj o9’qj -;j p8u]k7kF 4vf4vo[qfIPo .odkooe.-hxB,sq;oUc]h; lqj’7e7yf7egsao0v’mjkowxpa’ lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkf dkolbdlk grnjv9twfhgvqkgxao0=h,6o.odkoxa[x5’cdhw0gIaf.shdkory,xB,.ogmnjv|hk,ugoNv.o l,q [o6 0Bo8,nj D lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk

lk]t[ko |hk rkdmu I G r6,lkfme,t-kf0v’]k;.......................................................... ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ1 [fq mu ! G m8uj ’A F 0v[g0fF -kpcfoF govN muj c]t I[6 Ikj ’ .................................... 1 [fq mu @ G r,6 loa 4ko0v’xtgmf]k; ............................................................... 4 [fq mu # G r,6 vkdkf0v’]k; ......................................................................... 10 [fq mu $ G cs’j^ oEmlju e7oa 0v’]k;................................................................... 15 [fq mu & G -[a rtpkdvome,t-kf c]t dkoxdq xda Ida lkl’jy c;f]vh ,................ 21 rkdmu IIG g0fr6,lkf0v’]k; ....................................................................... 32 [fq mu * G g0frkdg|vn 0v’]k; ...................................................................... 32 [fq mu ( G g0frkddk’0v’]k; ...................................................................... 37 [qfmu ) G g0frkd.80h v’]k; ......................................................................... 42 rkdmu III G r6,lkfxt-kdvo c]t dkoxqd7v’0v’]k; .......................... 45 [fq mu _ G dkoc9d1kp c]t dkogr,ju 0oB 0v’xt-kdvo]k;............................ 45 [fq mu !W G 37’xtdv[lkh ’0v’xt-kdvo]k; ................................................... 49 [fq mu !! G dkoxdq 7v’.o lDxDx ]k; ................................................................ 53 rkdmu IV G r6,lkfglf4tdyf0v’]k; ........................................................... 57 [fq mu !@ G ]da ltot];,0v’roN 4koglf4tdfy 0v’]k;...................................... 57 [fq mu !# G dkodtlyde c]t xkj w,h .................................................................... 62 [fq mu !$ G sfa 4tde c]t vf5 lkstde............................................................... 66 [fq mu !& G dko7,q ,tok7,q 0oq l’jq c]t dkolljn ko............................................. 72 [fq mu !* G dko7kh c]t dkomvj ’mPj ; .............................................................. 79 [fq mu !( G dkorfa mtokglf4tdfy d[a [oa skl’jy c;f]vh ,0v’]k; ....................... 83 7;k,Ih6gruj,g8u, ............................................................................................... 87

rkdmu I r6,lkfme,t-kf0v']k; [qfmu ! muj8A’F 0v[g0fF -kpcfoF gonhvmuj c]t I6[Ijk’ !D muj8A’ c]t -kpcfo ,’q 3d]u gdqksgd^ugkq|snv.u^ 8hpxuj oj5 xkdfy lt4ko 9ou voy gfp goxko ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ r46 ko a['dt]kgmf ,Po,k ]k; s;Pfok, 2]y [y xoy wm dexg6 9p l]u 'a dk [iw6 o ,kg]g-p 8y,=g]fltg8 ly'dt3x voy 3fgog-p czomujxtgmf]k;.orkdrNovk-uvk7tgo 1

lkmk]tot]af xt-kmyxtw8 xt-k-qo]k; 8A’16jg0f[q;3,’mu ( 0v’3]dF .ocs^, ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ vyof69uoF 1r6j kdrNovk-uvk7tgo s^n vk-u8kg;aovvdlP’.8hD ,u95fl5f1cj6 8]j tmyff’aj oUG { myfg|nv16[j hko]ko85p c0;’zQ’lk]u g-y’j dq’da[glAo0t|komu @@ =#Wj g|nv c]t glaAoc;’ mu !W! =$*j 8kg;aovvdD { myf.8h16[j hko0Uokd c0;’9exklad g-yj’dq’da[glAo0t|komu !# = &$j g|nv c]t glAoc;’mu !W* =W*j 8kg;aovvdD { myf8kg;ao8qd16[j hko7;o c0;’[+cdh;g-y’j dq’da[glAo0t|komu @W =@! gj |nv c]t glAoc;’ mu !WW =W& 8j kg;aovvdD { fhko8kg;aovvdlP’g|nv1o6j kxk;[hkog8qk c0;’sq;rao g-’yj dq’da[glAo0t|komu @W =W& gj |nv c]t glAoc;’mu !W$ =&_ 8j kg;aovvdD { myf8kg;aovvdlP’.8h16oj Eg-dt\\ko c0;’g-dv' g-y’j dq’da[glAo0t|komu !& = !_ j g|nv c]t glAoc;’mu !W* = #) 8j kg;aovvdD lkmk]tot]af xt-kmyxtw8 xt-k-qo]k; gxaoxtgmfmu[j +,u-kpcfo8yfda[mtg] Xs^n xtgmfxfy ?F ,-u kpcfoI;j ,d[a & xtgmf7Gn mfy g|vn 8fy d[a lkmk]tot]fa xt-k-oq 9ou X&W& d,?F myf8kg;aovvd8yfda[lkmk]tot]afla’7q,oypq,s;Pfok, X@W*_ d,?F myf.8h8yfda[]k-t vkok9addex6g9p X&#& d,?F fhko8kg;ao8qd8yfda[]k-tvkok9adwm X!)#& d,? c]t myf8kg;ao8qdlP’g|nv8yfda[ltstrk[,Po,k X@#* d,?D ! @D goNvmuj c]t I6[Ijk’ lkmk]tot]fa xt-kmxy tw8 xt-k-oq ]k; ,gu ovN mju @#*D)WW d,@F ,Iu [6 Ikj ’pk;1Pf8k, ];’0v’glAoc;’D ];’pk;0v’xtgmfc8gj |nvl5fg4y’.8hl5f,u7;k,pk;xt,ko !WWW d,F [jvod;hk’l5f16jmk’rkdg|nvxt,ko &WW d, g-yj’dq’da[glAo0t|komu @W =g|nv c]t [vj oc7[l5f16mj k’dk’,u7;k,d;hk’ !&W d, g-y’j dq’da[glAo0t|komu !( = @( j g|nvD !D cs^’j 0=h,6oG dt-;’xhv’daoxtgmf ,y45ok xu @WW_ 2

!W@ = !W$ = !W* = @@ = @@ = @W = c0;' !) = !* = @W = [c+c0d;h;'cs0;^ ;''oEcvm0k5f;q,'w-zQ'lskc;^ ]0'ur;t'[k' c0;' sq;rao c0;' c0;' -P'0;k' w-pt c0;' c0;' []6 u ;P'9ao [=]y7ew- !) = ot7vos^;' c0;' ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ ;P'9ao 7e,j;o c0;' lts;aootg0f !* = cl0k;]'t;aog-cd0v;'' c0;' c0;' 9exklad vaf8txn !$ = !$ = !W@ = !W$ = !W* = 7e4k, czomujdkoxqd7v’0v’xtgmf]k; !D lkmk]tot]af xt-kmyxtw8 xt-k-qo]k; ,umu8j A’ c]t vkokg0f7nco;.fL @D goNvmuj c]t I6[Ikj ’0v’xtgmf]k;ltcf’vvdco;.fL #D mu8j A’ c]t -kpcfo0v’xtgmf]k;wfhlhk’g’nvj ow0ltf;d c]t 7;k,sph5’pkd .shcddj korafmtokxtgmfco;.fL 3

[qfmu @ r6,lao4ko0v’xtgmf]k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ !D ]adltot];,0v’r6,lao4ko r,6 loa 4ko0v’xtgmf]k;xtdv[f;h psk^ pI[6 c[[c8d8kj ’doa g-oja G rl6 ’6 F r86 OF rr6 P’F m’jq rP’DDD g-’yj c9d1kplts^[a -[a -vh odoa wx8’A c8gj |nvIvf.8Dh 95fryglfmugj faoj 0v’r6,lao4ko]k;c,oj r6l6’ c]t r6rP’d;,g4y’ )W:F l;j omq’j rP’ d;,gvqk @W: 0v’goNvmumj q;j xtgmfD r6,lao4ko0v’xtgmf]k;,u]adltot7hvp8O]q’9kdrkdg|nv c]t rkd8kg;aovvdlj6 rkd.8h c]t rkd8kg;ao8qdD phvoco;oAoF lkpoEl;j os^kp9b’j ws^8k,myfg|nv c]t myf8k g;oa vvdskmfy 8kg;oa 8dq lP’.8Dh @D r6,lao4koxtgrf8jk’M0v’]k; @D! r6 c]t lkpr6 r,6 loa 4kol’6 d;kj !WWW c,fa 0Bowxd;,gvkq #W: 0v’ goNvmxuj tgmfF l;j os^kpg8kQ 3I, 1rj6 kdg|vn c]t rkd8kg;oa vvdD 9v,rm6 lju ’6 d;kj \\cj6 ,oj rg6 [ph X@)@W ,?F 8’A 1cj6 0;’-P’0;k’F ovdoAo pa’,ur6lk,l5, X@*@W ,?F r6-k; X@*_W ,? c]t vnoj MD lkpr6mk'rkdg|nv0v']k; 4

8k8t]k’ ! ]}f -rjn 6 m8uj ’A 1cj6 0;’ ]tf[a 7;k,l’6 Xc,fa ?ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ -P’0;k’ @)@W ! rg6 [ph -P’0;k’ @*@W @ rl6 k,l,5 -P’0;k’ @*_W # r-6 k; -P’0;k’ @@!) $ rl6 oa -P’0;k’ !(*( & rg6 ]pu s;q roa @$&@ * rs6 ;f s;q roa @W(_ ( rx6 ko s;^ ’rt[k’ @@&( ) rl6 vp s;^ ’rt[k’ @W(_ _ rg6 ]kq xu s;^ ’rt[k’ !_(@ !W rl6 oa 9oa 8k w-pt[]6 u @WW( !! rg6 0kQ \\Ph ’ vf5 ,q w- !_#( !@ ro6 kc,; z’Q lk]u !)$@ !# rf6 vp9ju s;^ ’oEmk !&)) !$ r96 kxkg8kq ;P’9oa !*** !& rl6 ’a ;P’9oa !W@* !* rg6 0kq 7;kp 9exklda !@)$ !( rr6 P’[]= tg;o X cs’^j 0,h= o6 G dt-;’xvh ’doa xtgmf ,4y o5 k @WW_? xtgmf]k;,ru s6 ^kplkpmpuj k; c]t d;kh ’g-oja G lkprs6 ^;’cdpj k;c8-j kpcfo]k; s;Pfok,mcju 0;’s;q roa 9oq g4’y rr6 P’okdkpF lkprc6 fofoy g-’jy gxoa l;j o|’jb 0v’-kpcfo ]ts;kj ’c0;’z’Q lk]du [a xtgmfs;Pfok, gxoa lkprm6 pju k; c]t d;kh ’l,q 7;oD ovdooA F p’a ,u sk^ plkprl6 ’6 c]t m]5 tdoa fkog-oja G lkprg6 [ph F lkprg6 0kq 7;kpgxoa 8oQ D 5

@D@ r6rP’ c]t r68O ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ xtgmf]k;,ru 86 O c]t rr6 P’d;,gvkq &W: 0v’govN mmju ;jq xtgmf g-’jy 1’ja 1kpc8gj |vn g4’y .8Dh rr6 P’mdju ;kh ’.spj c]t le7oa d;kj \\,j6 Gu { r6rP’g,nv’r;o Xs^n r6rP’-P’0;k’? ,gu ovN mdju ;kh ’xt,ko @WW d,@1]j6 tf[a l’6 ltg]pj xt,ko !@WW{!$WW ,F 4dn vvh ,Iv[f;h p lkprl6 ’6 7Gn rg6 [ph F r\\6 Ph ’F m’jq rP’[kh o[koD rr6 P’g,vn ’r;o xtdv[f;h pm’jq spkh d;kh ’0;k’F ,xu kj cxd0P;’k, c]t gxoa 8oQ degofu 0v’c,oj Esk^ plkpg-oja G oE’,jn F oEgoou F oE-oa F oE’P[DDD { r6rP’okdkp ,u7;k,l6’ltg]pj *WW sk )WW ,F 0t|koda[lkpr6s^;’F 7hvp-ao9kdmyf8kg;aovvd skmyf8kg;ao8qdF d;hk’1m6j k’rkd8kg;ao8qdlP’g|nvc8cj 7[1m6j k’rkd8kg;aovvdlP’.8hF r6rP’oUxtdv[fh;pr6suox6o]Po8yf8+daowxgxao[=]yg;od;hk’F gxaor6rP’mujIk[rP’xtdv[ fh;pm’qj sphkd;hk’0;k’ c]t ,uxkj cxdfqd|kF ,ur6suox6orQo0Bogxaopkj oMD { r6rP’[=]tg;o ,ugoNvmxuj t,ko !WDWWW d,@F 1]6j tfa[l6’ltg]pj !WWW , gxaor6rP’mxuj tdv[fh;pfyor6w2 Xfyo[k-ko? g-yj’gxaofyomujv5fq,lq,[6ofu g\\ktlq,cdjdkox6drnfs^kp-toyf gxao8Qoc,jornf vf5 lkstdem.ju s7h o5 trk[l’6 g-oja G dkg2D 1vj6 vh ,cv,h rr6 P’[]= tg;o,ru r6 P’dt],b F rr6 P’8t3vph F rr6 P’dtgl’a DDD ovd9kdoAo pa’,ur6rP’ohvpvuds^kpcsj’g-ajoG r6rP’|v’7hk’ Xc0;’sq;rao?F r6rP’g,nv’ly’ Xc0;’s^;’oEmk?F r6rP’dt]n, Xc0;’lk]t;ao?F r6rP’8t3vhp Xc0;’ lk]t;oa ?F rr6 P’dtgl’a Xc0;’g-dv’?DDD 6

@D# mqj’rP’ ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ [oa fkm’jq rP’0v’]k; l;j osk^ pg8kQ 3I,18j6 k,g0f]vh ’oE.spgj -oja G ]P[8k,c7,/’ja 0v’ c,oj E0v’ c]t lk0k0v’,oa F ,]u tf[a l’6 ltg]pj !WW{#WW ,D xtgmf]k; ,mu ’jq rP’mdju ;kh ’.spj c]t le7oa # cs’j 7Gn mqj’rP’;P’9ao ,Iu [6 Ikj ’gxoa I[6 # sPj^ ,F ,gu ovN mxju t,ko $WWDWWW gIda 8k g-’jy c8]j t0kh ’,]u ;’pk;xt,ko )W d,F ]tf[a l’6 ltg]pj !*@ ,D m’jq rP’;P’9oa d;,gvkq govN m8ju vo.80h v’c0;’w-pt[]6 gu 4’y c0;’[]= 7y ew-F xtdv[f;h pfoy loa fvogdkjq c]t .\\j g-’jy wf,h k9kddkom[a 4,q 0v’c,oj E0v’F oE’,jn c]t oE-oa D mqj’rP’lts;aootg0f gxoa m’jq rP’m1ju ]j6 tf[a l’6 ltg]pj #WW ,F ,gu ovN mdju ;kh ’ xt,ko !D@*WDWWW gIda 8kD xtdv[ f;h pfoy s^kp-tofy g-oaj G foy sou xo6 F foy |P;F foy loa fvoD .9dk’0v’m’jq rP’xtdv[f;h pr86 O s^kp|;j p gIfa .smh ’jq rP’o,U ]u da ltotgxoa I[6 7oN F c8]j P[8k,c7,c,oj E0v’c,oj Ik[rP’fu ,cu ,oj Esk^ plkpwsz^ kj og-oja G oEdtf’y F oEg-[’A sP’F oEg-[’A w2DDD mqj’rP’9exklad ,gu ovN mxju t,ko &WWDWWW gIda 8k ,]u tf[a l’6 ltg]pj !#& ,D m’jq rP’o,U gu 0ffoy m8ju Od;kj !WW , c]t ,9u v,rm6 lju ’6 d;kj !@WW ,D Xrx6 klda !$!* ,?D m’jq rP’9exklda ,]u da ltotIk[rP’fFu xdq 7,5 f;h p foy loa fvogdkjq c]t .\\j ,cu ,oj Esk^ plkpwsz^ kj og-oja G g-3foF g-dv’F g-dt\\koDDD 8vo.80h v’m’jq rP’9exklda c,oj 7vortgr’a m,ju ou E8dq 8kfl’6 !& c,fa D 7

!W& = 9ou zQ’llkkp]ru 6cfofyo ,Po,k s^;’oEmk r6zhk0k; oE,kh * oEmk r6g]up -eg|nv oEc[’ c,joE0v’ ( !(@^*( ! oE-e s ; P f ok, @W = r6g0Qk\\hP’ oEv6@rW6](k_;xru \\6 Ph ’3rr6g#o[@lhp)t@sWr;rr-6 ao@[6l6lk@*hkao*;k@_oWW,[lk5,$orr6-6sk;lpkfpwsr6s^c^;]’h’ @WW( oEgouo vkj ;s;Pfok, X 8q'cd' ? ;P’9ao oEdtfy’ ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ g-[A’w2 wm g7nvj ’\\kp &9exklad g0flkpr6s^;’ g-3xo ! oE,hk{oE-e lts;aootg0f @ g0fr6g]up{r6-kpws^c]h’ g-[’A sP’ dt]n, 8t3vhp # g0fr6rP’g,nv’r;o g-3fo $ g0fr6g[hp & g0foEdtfy’ [=]tg;o dtgla’ g0fr6rkd8kg;ao8qdlP’g|nv * g0foEmk{oEc[’ ]tc; !& = ( g0foEv6{oE0v’ g0fr6rP’rkd.8h g0fmqj’rP’ 9v,r6l6’ dex6g9p g0fcfo0v’g0f.spj ,kf8klj;oG !}&DWWWDWWW g0fcfo0v’g0fpvj p r6,lao4ko0v’]k; 8

r6rP'0v']k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 7e4k, !D ]adltot];,0v’r6,lao4koxtgmf]k;gxao7nco;.fL @D 9’qj la’gdfczomucj ]h;vtmy[kpdPj ;da[dkoc9d1kp0v’r6,lao4koxtgrf8kj ’M 0v’]k;L #D r6,lao4ko0v’]k;lhk’7;k,ltf;d s^n 7;k,sp5h’pkd7nco;.fL $D 9’qj vtmy[kpdPj ;da[r6F r6rP’F m’qj rP’mluj e7ao0v’]k;L 9

[qfmu # r6,vkdkf0v’]k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ xtgmf]k; gxoa xtgmfm8uj ’A 1.j6 og0fIvh o-,5j wfIh [a vyfmyroq 9kd],q ,=]tl,5 F ,;ovkdkf mgju 7vjn opkh pg0kQ xdq 7,5 xtgmf]k;c,oj ,;ovkdkf,k9kdg0f-gu [iu c]t ,tsklt\\f5 voy gfpF gIaf.shr6,vkdkf c]t ]tf6dko .oxtgmf]k; ,u]adltotc8d8kj ’dao7nG !D ,;ovkdkfmujxqd75,xtgmf]k; !D! ,;ovkdkf9kd-ug[iu ]ts;kj ’gfvn o8]5 kskgfvn od,5 rk 7;k,dfq foa l’6 9kd -gu [icu zdj t9kpgxoa ;’q d;kh ’vvd c]t ,uvyfmyrqocz]j q’,kxtgmf]k;D .o0totfP;dao gduf,u7;k,dqffao8O16j .o,tsklt\\5f xk-u2yd c]t vyogfpD dtcl]q,|k; X]q,,=]tl5,|k;? 9kd-ug[iu rafg0Qkl6jxtgmf]k; mk’mfy g|vn c]t mfy 8kg;oa vvdlP’g|vn ]’q wxmfy .8h c]t 8kg;oa 8dq lP’.8Fh gIfa .srh kdg|vn 0v’]k;,vu kdkf|k; c]t g1oa X[k’xvu o5 str,6 8Od;kj W c= ? c]t ,/u oq /vpD l;j orkddk’ c]t rkd.8h,ur6,vkdkfg1ao c]t csh’c]h’D !D@ ,;ovkdkf9kd,tsklt\\5f c8gj fnvod5,rkgxao8Qowx dtcl]q,|k;s^5fzvj o7;k,cI’ c]t 7;k,w;]q’g4y’gfnvo rbfltrkF 7;k,dqffaol6’gduf0Bo16jg0f,tsklt\\5fxk-u2yd c]t ,tsklt\\5fvyogfp Xg0fglAol6ol6f? .o0totfP;dao7;k,dqffao8Ogduf0Bo16.j 9dk’0v’mt;u[ c]t g0f-ug[iuD dtcl]q,Ihvorafg0Qkl6jxtgmf]k; 8k,myf.8h c]t myf8kg;ao8qdlP’.8hwxskmyf8kg;ao vvdlP’g|nv c]t myfg|nvF oegvqk7;k,Ihvo c]t vkpoE9kd,tsklt\\5fg0Qk,k8qdgxao /qo16j.oxtgmf]k;D v5ostr6,ltg]jp @& = c c]t xt]y,kooE/qog4y’ _W: 0v’xt]y,ko oE/oq \\fq xDu 10

;P'r76 k ,D c,f s^;'rt[k' -e.8h ,D7e ;'a ;P' xkd-ao okcx ot7vos^;';P'9ao c,oE0v' ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ fad9b' xkd-jv' dex6g9p czomrju ,6 vkdkf0v’]k; 11

@D ]tf6dko ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ phvom8uj A’r6,lkf c]t dkoxqd75,0v’,;ovkdkfmwuj fhdkj ;,k 0hk’gmy’oUF r6,vkdkf 0v’xtgmf]k;9b’j ,u @ ]tf6dko7nG @D! ]tf6c]h’ g],ju c8gj fnvo8]5 kskgfnvog,lk gxoa ]tfm6 mju vh ’2kh c9,j .lfuF [+,ug,dg/Nvs^kpF xt]y,ko cl’cffs^kp Xltg]pj ) -;jq 3,’};oa ?F ]tfc6 ]’h wfIh [a vyfmyroq 9kd],q xt9e]tf|6 k; mrju fa ,k 9kdg0f-gu [iFu f’ja ooA F 9’jb gIfa .sxh tgmf]k;,ru ,6 vkdkf|k;g1oa 3fpltgrkt1j6 rkdg|vn c]t g0frl6 ’6 vo5 str,6 ]’q 8OD [k’x8u Od;kj W c= F gxoa 8oQ 1[j6 oa fkc0;’7Gn z’Q lk]Fu s;q roa F -P’0;k’F s^;’rt[k’DDD v5ostr6,ltg]pj 0v’rkdg|nv !& =c F l;j omk’rkddk’ c]t rkd.8vh fy mry oq 0v’],q ,]= tl,5 |k;sf5^ ]’q F vo5 str,6 ltg]pj @W c= .o]tfc6 ]’h oU ,xu t],y kooE/oq |hvpltg]pj mq;j xtgmfxt,ko #WW ,, 8+]tf6dkoD rkdg|nv9t,uxt]y,kooE/qos^kpd;kj rkddk’ c]t rkd.8Dh ]tfc6 ]’h gxoa ]tfm6 ,ju 7u ;k,ltf;d.odfy 9tdedkodl+ kh ’F 7,q ,tok7,q F dkoloa 9vo0v’ xt-kdvoF c8,j 7u ;k,sp’h5 pkd.odkodtldy eg-oja G dkoxd6 /’a F ]P’h lfa F rdb lk-kf9t sPj ;cs’h D @D@ ]tf6/qo g]uj,c8jgfnvorbfltrkskgfnvo85]k gxao]tf6mujmhv’2hk4ndxqd75,fh;pg,dg/Nvs^kpF vkdkfIhvoF v5ostr6,l6’F xt]y,kocl’cff|hvp Xltg]pj * -q;j 3,’};ao? ]tf6/qowfhIa[ vyfmyrqo9kd]q,xt9e]tf6Ihvomurj af,k9kd,tsklt\\5f fa’j oAoF 9b’j gIaf.shxtgmf]k;,ur6, vkdkfIhvoF v5ostr6,l6’ Xrkdg|nvltg]pj @& =c F rkddk’ c]t rkd.8h @) ={#W =c? gxao ]tf6/qomu,j uxt]y,kooE/qos^kpltg]pj @WWW{@&WW ,,}]tf6D gfnvod=]tdqf c]t gfnvoly’sk gxoa gfvn om,ju 9u eo;o,/N oq 8dq sk^ pd;kj X@W{@& ,}N gfvn o?D g0fm,ju /u oq 8dq sk^ p c,oj rkddk’ c]t rkd.8hg-aoj G g0fr6rP’[=]tg;o c]t lkpr6s^;’ xt]y,kooE/qoltg]pj #WWW{$WWW ,,}xuD [k’g0fwfhIa[xt]y,kooE/qo|hvpg-ajoG g,nv’-e.8h Xsq;rao?F g,nv’7e X-P’0;’?F c]t g,nv’0;k Xc0;’zQ’lk]u?F ltg]pj ,urP’ !WWW ,,}xuD ]tf6/qo gxao]tf6mu,j uxkdqfdko2hk7tov’F ,uma’]q,F /qoF 2hkc,[DDD rkps^a’/qo2hk 7tov’ mvh ’2kh c9,j .lF vkdkf-,5j g1oa F ,7u ;k,ltf;d.odkofegoou dkozt]fy 3fpltgrkt dkox6d/a’ c8,j u7;k,sp5h’pkdr=lq,7;og-aoj G wroE4h;,F fyog9nvj oF glAomk’7q,,tok7q, mk’[dq 4dn 8fa 0kfgrr’a DDD 12

0=h,6ogruj,g8u, 8k8t]k’ !G vo5 str,6 l’6 lf5 c]t 8Olf5 .oc8]j txu xu v5ostr6,ltg]jp (gxaovq’lk Celcius) s;^ ’rt[k’ ot7vos;^ ’;P’9oa lts;oa otg0f xkdg- !_)W #!D_ @WD& #!D& @@D$ #@DW @@D! #@DW @#D@ !__W #!D@ @WDW #!DW @@D* @_D$ @$D@ #@D! @#DW @WWW #!D$ @WD! #!D$ @@D@ #WD# @WD) #@D# @#D$ @WW& #@D@ !_D) #!D) @@D( #!D) @@DW #@D$ @#D( @WW) #!D! @WDW #WD& @@DW #WDW @WD@ #!D) @@D&   8k8t]k’mu @G 9eo;o-j;q 3,’muj,cu l’cff.oc8]j txu ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ xu 9eo;o-;jq 3,’mu,j ucl’cff s;^ ’rt[k’ ot7vos;^ ’;P’9oa lts;oa otg0f xkdg- !__* !__$DW @(_#DW @#&*DW @$@#DW @WWW @W@WD! @#&)D$ @@##D$ @#$@D_ @WW& !(@#D@ @@()D! @!W&D& @@$WD_ @WW) !_#!D! @#@@D) @@$&D& @@&&D&   8k8t]k’mu #G xt]y,kooE/qo.oc8]j txu xu xt]y,kooE/qo.oc8j]txu Xgxoa ,]u cu ,fa ? s;^ ’rt[k’ ot7vos;^ ’;P’9ao lts;oa otg0f xkdg- !__* !*W!DW @!_#DW !(&*DW !_#)DW @WWW !$)*D( !$__D) !&&(D) @&_)D$ @WW& !$#&DW !**(D) !(*)D@ !_&*D! @WW) !(W)D( @@W!D* !&*&D( !_W(D*   13

$ $ $ @ !D s^;'rt[k' !@ # !@# @# $ ! @D ot7vos^;';P'9ao !# #D lts;aootg0f $D xkdg- gloA ltcf'xt],y kooE/oq ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ cs’^j 0,h= o6 G d,q v85 o5 py ,q c]t vm5 dq dtlkfF v’q dko-[a rtpkdvooE c]t l’yj c;f]vh , Xot7vos^;’;P’9oa F ,4y o5 kF @WW_? 7e4k, !D xtgmf]k;4ndxqd75,fh;p,;ovkdkf.fcfLj @D xtgmf]k;,u9ad]tf6dkoL c8]j t]tf6dkoltcf’vvd7nco;.fL #D .shoadIPola’gdf8k8t]k’ ! c]t @ c]h;c8h,glaAoltcf’D rhv,ma’vtmy[kpD 14

[qfmu $ cs^j’oEmujle7ao0v’]k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ cs^j’oE.o]k; lj;os^kpovo16j.og0fvjk’0v’c,joE0v’g-yj’,umyfws^8Qo8=8k,myf g|nvskmyf.8h c]t myf8kg;aovvdlP’g|nvskmyf8kg;ao8qdlP’.8hD ovdoAo pa’,uc,joE [k’lkpws^lg6j 0fvkj ;8q’cd’.oxtgmfs;Pfok,D [aofkcs’^j oEmluj e7ao0v’]k;,uG !D c,joE0v’ c,oj E0v’gxaoc,oj Emu.j spdj ;kj \\6j 16.j orkdrNovk-uvk7tgoF degouf9kdr6rP’8yg[f .oxtgmf9uo Xr6rP’oU16.j o]tfa[l6’xt,ko &WWW ,? ws^zkj o * xtgmf7nG 9uoF ,Po,kF ]k;F wmF dex6g9p c]t s;Pfok, c]h;ws^lm6j tg]9uo8vo.8h Xxk-u2yd?F ,u7;k,pk;ma’\\qfxt,ko $&WW d,D .ooAows^zkj oxtgmf]k;ma’\\qf !)_) d, 9kd[hkoxkdoE]k Xg,nv’ly’{c0;’ s^;’oEmk]q’g4y’s^uzj u Xg,nv’30’c0;’9exklad? ,uxt]y,kooEs^kpF 3fpltgrkt.o]tf6/qo 9oq [k’xugduf,uwroE4;h ,1kj ’Ikh pcI’1gj6 0f]P[lv’/kd/’ja F m’a oUd=pvh oc,oj E0v’gxoa lkp oE mgju 8kQ 3I,gvkq xt],y kooE9kd[oa fklk0k8kj ’MF gIfa .s,h xu t],y kooEws8^ tsv^ fxu Xltg]pj [=]y,kfoEws^8ts^vfxu !WWDWWW{!$WDWWW V !W* ,#?D c,oj E0v’wsz^ kj og0fr,6 loa 4koc8d8kj ’doa 9’jb ,mu fy ws7^ fq 37’h F [k’[vj o]vh ’c,oj E8oN F [k’[vj og]ydF [k’[vj oc7[F [k’[vj od;hk’g-oaj G 9kd[hkoxkdoE]kg4y’-tot7k,,u7;k, d;kh ’]ts;kj ’!WW{#WW ,F 9kd-tot7k,g4’y xkdc,oj EF ,7u ;k,d;kh ’ )WW{#WWW ,D [k’[vj o g4y’ )WWW , c]t ,ucdh’,u8kfs^kpg-aoj G cdh’s^;’ Xs^;’rt[k’?F cdh’dtg[qk X7e,;j o?F cdh’g0a,,t]kf Xlts;aootg0f?F cdh’s^ujzu s^n cdh’7vortgra’ X9exklad? g-yj’gxaocdh’ mu.j spdj ;kj \\6.j ovk-u ,u7;k,l6’ !& ,D c,oj E0v’gxaoc,oj Emulj e7aos^kpgrktlt|v’oEF vksko.odkofe]q’-u;yfxt9e;ao0v’xt-k-qoF lt|v’/5jo c]t fyolaofvo.shcdj[aofk m’jq rP’8kj ’MF gxoa gloA mk’7,q ,tok7,q mk’oEmluj k,kf8yf8+r;q roa wflh tf;dc8gj |nvg4y’.8h c]t gxaocs’^j rt]a’’kow22hkoE8qdvao,tsklkoD c,oj E0v’gxoa -[a rtpkdvovoa ]E7kj 0v’-kfD f’ja ooA F r;dgIkq md5 7oq 9’jb 7;ogvkq .9.lFj xdq xda Ida lkgrvjn dkooe.-.h sph on p’q D @D [aofklk0k0v’c,joE0v’.oxtgmf]k; lk0k0v’ c,oj E0v’m1ju .j6 oxtgmf]k; l;j osk^ pwsz^ kj o8k,mfy 8kg;oa vvdlP’g|vn sk 8kg;ao8qdlP’.8h c]t myf.8hD c,oj Egs^qkj oAo c,oj ws^,k9kdrkdg|nv c]t rkd8kg;aovvd 0v’xtgmfD [aofklk0kmluj e7ao0v’c,oj E0v’];,,uG X9kdrkdg|nvg4y’rkd.8h?D 15

oEmk ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ czomucj ,joE]eg-0v’]k; 16

!D oEv6G ,u7;k,pk; $$) d, degouf,k9kdlkpr6rkdg|nv0v’[hko]ko85p ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ g,vn ’pvfv6 c0;’z’Q lk]u c];h xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1g6j ,vn ’xkdv6 c0;’s;^ ’rt[k’D @D oEmkG ,u7;k,pk; #@& d, gduf9kdlkpr6[+g8o X-kpcfo]k;{9uo? ws^zkj o c0;’s^;’oEmkc]h;xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1g6j ,nv’xkdmk c0;’[+cdh;D #D oEc[’G ,u7;k,pk; @!& d, degouf9kdlkpr6[hkookxk c0;’v5fq,w- c]h; xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’mguj ,nv’xkdc[’ c0;’v5fq,w-F gxaoc,oj Emu,j u]hv’oEc7[ c]t ,ucdh’ ,u8kfs^kp [+ltf;d.odkogfuogInvD $D oE7koG ,u7;k,pk; !_W d, degouf9kd-kpcfo]ts;jk’c0;’-P’0;k’F c0;’sq;rao c]t c0;’s^;’rt[k’F ws^zjkoc0;’s^;’rt[k’ c]h;xjv’.lj c,oj E0v’ mugj ,nv’s^;’rt[k’D &D oEg-nv’G ,u7;k,pk; !&W d, ws^zkj oc0;’s^;’rt[k’c]h;xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’ 1g6j ,nv’xkdg-nv’ c0;’s^;’rt[k’D *D oE’,jn G ,7u ;k,pk; #&$ d, degofu 9kd8ou r[6 kh o|v’gxfa g,vn ’cxd c0;’-P’0;k’ c];h ws^zkj om’jq rP’;P’9oa xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1gj6 ,vn ’xkd’,jn ot7vos^;’;P’9oa D (D oE’P[G ,u7;k,pk; !$W d, ws^9kdc0;’-P’0;k’c]h;xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’16j g,nv’xkd-ao c0;’[=]y7ew-D )D oE-aoG ,u7;k,pk; !!& d, ws^9kdc0;’-P’0;k’ws^zkj oc0;’[=]y7ew-D c]t xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’ mguj ,nv’xkd-aoc0;’[=]y7ew-D _D oEdtfy’G ,u7;k,pk; !W# d, degouf9kdlkpr6s^;’ws^zjkoc0;’[=]y7ew- c]h;xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’ mguj ,nv’xkddtfy’c0;’[=]y7ew-D !WD oEsuo[6oG ,u7;k,pk; !#W d, gduf9kdr6suox6orkdg|nv0v’c0;’7e,;j ows^ xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1g6j ,nv’suo[6oc0;’7e,;j oD !!D g-[A’w2G ,u7;k,pk; @#_ d, degouf9kdlkpr6s^;’ g0fg,nv’[q;]trkc]h; xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1m6j k’.8h0v’g,nv’|v’[qdc0;’7e,;j oD !@D g-[A’sP’G ,u7;k,pk; ##) d, gduf9kdr6fq’g9uomujxtgmfs;Pfok,ws^zjko m’jq rP’lts;oa otg0fc];h xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’1[j6 kh ogxvn p0k; c0;’lts;oa otg0fD !#D oEg-3foG ,u7;k,pk; !_@ d, ws^9kdc0;’g-dv’ zjkoc0;’lk]t;aol6j g,nv’xkdg- c0;’9exkladD !$D g-dv’G ,u7;k,pk; #@W d, degouf9kdg0f8kg;aovvd0v’lkpr6s^;’ws^ 17

zkj oc0;’lk]t;aoF g-dv’ c]t vaf8txn c]h;xvj ’.lcj ,oj E0v’mguj ,nv’-P’c8’ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ xtgmf dex6g9pD ovd9kdoAo pa’,uvuds^kplk0kD [aofkc,oj Egs^qkj oU xtdv[lhk’gxaovkj ’c,oj E0v’ ,u7;k,d;hk’g4y’ @!# W*W d,@F gxao8kokj ’dko7q,,tok7q,mk’oEmulj e7ao pa'gxaocs^’j rt]a’’kow22hkoE8qdg-oaj G g0vnj ow22hkoE’,nj F oEgmuo{suo[6o c]t vonj MD g0nvj ow22hkoE,a' # (40 MW) 18

#D c,joEmujws^l6jvjk;8q’cd’ xtgmfs;Pfok, ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ { oE,hkG ,u7;k,pk; $(W d, degouf9kd[hkor6,hk xtgmfs;Pfok,ws^zjko c0;’sq;rao xt,ko )W d, c]h;ws^]q’l6vj kj ;8q’cd’D { oEgouoG ,u7;k,pk; #WW d, degouf9kdg0fr6g]up ws^zkj oc0;’sq;rao c]t rkd8kg;aovvd0v’c0;’-P’0;k’xt,ko !WW d, c]h;ws^]q’l6vj kj ;8q’cd’D { oE-eG ,u7;k,pk; @WW d, gduf9kdlkpr6g,nv’cvf c0;’sq;rao ws^zkj o]k; Xc0;’sq;rao ?!WW d, c]h;xvj ’.loj E,hk16xj tgmfs;Pfok,D $D |v’ c]t [b’ xtgmf]k;,u|v’ c]t [b’8kj ’Ms^kpcs’j .og0fm’qj rP’]P[8k,c,oj E0v’D .og0f rkddk’ c]t rkd.8h0v’xtgmf]k;D |v’ c]t [b’gs^qkj oUgxaocs^’j oEF cs^j’skxk c]t cs^’j lhk’glf4tdyf0v’xt-k-qowfh8ts^vfxuD |v’ c]t [b’mulj e7ao.oxtgmf]k;,uG { |v’s^;’ Xc0;’lts;aootg0f?F |v’lt,ko Xc0;’[=]y7ew-?F |v’8aj’F |v’1vo Xc0;’-P’0;k’?F |v’2hk Xc0;’vaf8txn?D { [’b mkfs;^ ’ Xot7vos;^ ’;P’9oa ?F [’b dtrP’ Xlts;oa otg0f?F [’b rt3rF [’b -kh ’F [b’0Pf3’h’ Xc0;’vaf8txn?D |v’ c]t [b’16j.o]k;lj;os^kpgxao[b’ohvp c]t xkodk’ 4hkmP[.lj8jk’xtgmfD .o]tf6/qo,uxt]y,kooEs^kp c8]j tf6c]h’xt]y,kooEs^5f]q’D &D oE.8hfyo c]t [+oEIhvo { oE.8fh oy sn^oE[kfko gxoa cs’j^ oE9fn mlju e7oa 0v’]k;F ,7u ;k,g]dy ]ts;kj ’ ({#WW c,fa dkooe.-hoE.8hfyo,ulv’I6[c[[7nG oElhk’ c]t oE[kfkog-y’j ,us^kp.og0fmq’j rP’c7,c,oj E0v’F g0frkddk’ c]t rkd.8h0v’]k;D xt-k-qo]k;oe.-h oE.8hfyog0Qk.odkozt]yfdtlyde c]t dkofe]q’-u;yfxt9e;aoD { [+oEIhvo8k,me,t-kf0v’]k;,u16sj ^kpc0;’ 3fpltgrkt .og0fsuodikoyf c]t suo[k-koD [+oEIhvomulj e7aoc,oj [+oEIhvog,nv’7e c0;’-P’0;k’D ovdooA p’a ,u1cj6 s’j vonj MD [+oEIvh o,u7o5 xt3spf.odko[e]’5 Ida lkl05 trk[ c]t p’a gxoa cs’^j mvj ’mPj ;mluj e7oa 0v’mvh ’4oyj D 19

[+oEv5oj c0;'w-pt[6]u ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 7e4k, !D c,oj E0v’,u8Qodegouf,k9kd.l L ws^l6mj tg].fL @D [aofklk0kmluj e7ao0v’c,oj E0v’.o]k;,ulkp.fcfLj #D c,oj Emuwj s^lv6j kj ;8q’cd’,ulkp.fcfLj $D |v’F [b’ c]t oE.8hfyo,u7;k,le7aoco;.fL &D g/dy c8,h czom8uj kokj ’c,oj E]eg-0v’]k;D 20

[qfmu & -a[rtpkdvome,t-kf c]t dkoxqdxadIadlk ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ lyj’c;f]hv, -[a rtpkdvome,t-kf0v’]k;gxoa ;fa 4f5 [y m9ju egxoa c]t le7oa .odkorfa mtok c]t 0tspkpglf4tdfy 0v’xtgmfD -[a rtpkdvome,t-kfc[’j vvdgxoa lv’xtgrf7Gn -[a rtpkdvo .8hfyo c]t -a[rtpkdvogmy’|hkfyoD !D -a[rtpkdvo.8hfyo -a[rtpkdvo.8hfyo c,oj ;af45 s^n cImj kfmu,j u75o7kj mk’glf4tdyf mulj e7ao.odko-;j p ltlq,mbo.shcdxj tgmf3fpdko9e|kj p s^n x5’c8’j gxaozqozt]yfmk’v5flkstdeF -;j p.odko cdwh 0]tf[a -;u fy dkogxoa 10j6 v’xt-kdvo.sfh 0u oB gmvjn ]tdkh ; c]t lk,kfcdwh 0[oa sk;PdgIfa ’kome.sch ddj e]’a cI’’ko c]t w;|,j5 0v’]k;D -[a rtpkdvo.8fh oy 0v’]k; c[’j vvdgxoa # xtgrf7nG !D! cIj3]st { gs^ad XFe?G gxoa 3]stmcuj 0’cdoj D xt-k-oq s^kpmvh ’4oyj wfoh e.-gh 0kQ .o-u;yfxt9e;oa c]t .ovf5 lkstdeg-oja G gsda^ 8txF6 ,fu F rkh F 9dq F lP,F gsd^a gloA F ]fq DDD wf,h du ko0f5 7oQ mucj 0;’-P’0;k’ c]t sq;raoD { dq;j XSn? gxao3]stvvj o|P; wfhoe.-hg0Qk.ov5flkstdezt]yfg7nvj ’.-hlvpg-aoj G rk-tot7;q gIvn o c]t vf5 lkstde]fq poq S wf,h du ko0f5 7oQ m[ju 3+ ro8;Y c0;’7e,;j o ,kc8j xu !_@#D { mv’cf’ XCu? gxao3]stvvj o|P;F -adoedtclw22hkwfhfu c]t mqomkoF wfhoe .-gh 0kQ .odkozt]yflkpw22kh F g7vnj ’foq 8uD { -on XPb? gxoa 3]stvvj o|P;wfoh e.-gh 0kQ .ovf5 lkstdeg-oja G \\wh= 2F ]d6 xon DDDg7vjn ’.-h xt9e;aoD { 7e XAu? gxoa 3]stvvj o|P;F moq mkoF -da oedtclw22kh wffh Fu ]k7kcr’F wfoh e.-h gxaog7nvj ’xtfa[s^kpxtgrf gonvj ’9kd,u7;k,gs^Nv,.l c]t ’qf’k,S wfh,udko05f 7oQ mcuj 0;’lts;oa otg0fF ;P’9oa gxoa 8oQ D { g’yo XAg? gxao3]stvjvo|P;F mqomkoF -adoedtclw22hkwfhfu ,ulu0k; c]t ,u]k7kcr’D wfhoe.-hg0Qk.odkozt]yfg7nvj ’xtfa[ c]t g7nvj ’.-hlvp8kj ’Mg-aoj G 0oa g’oy F 3vg’oy DD 21

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!D@ cIjvt3]st ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ { gdvn doy XNaCl? xtgmf]k; [,+ mu tg] c8xj t-k-oq ]k;wf0h f5 7oQ c]t oe.-[h g+ dvn ,k c8fj qookoc]h;D ,u[+gdnvmulj e7ao16cj 0;’;P’9aoF zQ’lk]uF v5fq,w-F ot7vos^;’ ;P’9oa DDD { gdnv3x8kf XK? oe.-h.ov5flkstdeg7,ug-aoj G zt]yf/5oj g7,u c]t lt[6D { suodk; (Gy? gxaosuo-toyf|b’j muoj e.-h.ov5flkstde-u,a’F oEluS wfh,udko05f7Qo .oc0;’7e,;j oF lts;aootg0fDDD { cdh;xtgluf xtgmf]k;,ucdh;xtglufs^kp-toyfg-ajoG oyoF rvplu2hkcdj (Saphir) rvplu,j;’F rvplucf’DDD gxaocIjmkfmuj,u]k7kcr’ c]t oe.-hg0Qk.odko zt]yfg7vnj ’xtfa[mwuj fhIa[7;k,oypq,l6’D wfh,udko05f7Qo1c6j 0;’[+cdh;DDD !D# cIjg-nhvw2 4kj osou gxoa cIrj t]’a ’komlju e7oa -tofy |’jb g-’jy oe.-gh 0kQ .ovf5 lkstdert]’a ’kow22kh F s^v,3]stD xtgmf]k;,u4kj osuo1s6j ^kpc0;’g-oaj G zQ’lk]uF s^;’rt[k’F v5fq,w-F s^;’oEmkF [+cdh;F ;P’9aoF -P’0;k’F lk]t;aoDDD wfh,udko05f7Qoc]h;1c6j 0;’;P’9aoF s^;’oEmkD @D -a[rtpkdvogmy’|hkfyo -[a rtpkdvogm’y |kh foy ,7u ;k,le7oa 8d+ ko8’A 4ojy 4koF dkozt]fy c]t dkofe]’q -;u fy 0v’xt-k-oq ]k;,kc8[j I6 kootdkoD @D! cs^j’rt]a’’kow22hkoE8qd 8k,dkoles;^ fgsoa ;kj xtgmf]k;,gu ’vjn ow0.odkodl+ kh ’g0vjn ow22kh oE8dq 0t|kfdk’ c]t 0t|kf.sp8j k,c,oj E0v’ c]t lk0k0v’,aowfhs^kpd;kj &W cs’j D lk,kfzt]yf w22hkwfhc8j $WDWWW dy3];af 0BowxD .ooAo wfhd+lhk’g0nvj ow22hkc]h;g-aoj G g0nvj ow22hkoE’n,j F oEgmuo{suo[6oF oEfq’F oE,a’F g-g-afF g-]t[eD @D@ fyo xtgmf]k;,ugoNvmfuj yoxt,ko @#F*) ]hkogIad8kF .ooAogxaofyox6d/a’xt,ko &DWWWDWWW gIda 8k c8wj ffh egouodko[d5 g[udc];h xt,ko !D@WWDWWW gIda 8kD xtgrffyoxd6 /’a 0v’]k;,u7nG 23

fyolaofvo ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ gxaofyomu,j u/5oj ]tvv’mulj kpoE8kj ’M raf,kma[4q,daoF xtdv[fh;pmkfs^+]hP’rnfs^kp -tofy g-oja G mkfvk-fq XN?F 3x8kf X K? F xo6 XCa?F 2fq lt2kf XP?F gxoa foy mruj z5 pj5 c]t -,b -[a oEwffh Du foy xtgrfo,U 1u gj6 0fm’jq rP’ 3fpltgrktm’jq rP’]P[8k,c7,c,oj EF gxoa foy mguj \\ktl,q d[a dkoxd6 rfn md5 -tofy gxoa 8oQ c,oj dkoxd6 g0kQ D fyo/5joxjk Xfyor6fvp? gxoa foy mgju dfu 9kddkom[a 4,q 0v’.[w,h c]t rfn 8kj ’MF ,lu 3u \\dF lgu s^vn ’cf’ c]t vojn MF gxaofyomu,j u7;k,v5fq,lq,[6oxkodk’F ,u16gj 0fr6F Ivj ,r6 c]t 8uor6D fyo.og0fr6suox6o,ulufe -Egxaofyom,uj u7;k,v5fq,lq,[6ofuF g\\ktlq,.odkox6drnfv5flkstde c]t 8Qow,hdyo\\kdD fyor6w2 gxaofyomugj duf9kddko]tg[uf0v’r6w2muj,vf,kfqookoc]h;F ,ulucf’-E c]t r5z5pj fuF ,1u gj6 0frr6 P’[]= tg;oF 8t3vph F dtgl’a DDD gxoa foy m,uj 7u ;k,vf5 ,q l,q [o6 g\\ktl,q d[a dkoxd6 rfn okM -toyfg-oaj G -kF dkg2F 4;qj ]PoDDD gda[\\kddkg2 24

@D#D xjkw,h ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ xkj w,0h v’]k;d;, $(: 0v’govN mmju ’a \\fq F gxoa [vj o[e]’5 ]Ph ’me,t-kf XvkdkfF oEF fyo? c]t gxaom1uj v6j kwl0v’lafxkj okM-toyfD xkj w,h0v’]k;c[’j vvdgxaos^kpxtgrf7nG xjkfq’fy[ gduf0Bo8k,g0fmq’j rP’F r6rP’ c]t 8uor6DDD [vj omu,j ufyo|kF xt]y,kooEs^kp c]t vo5 str,6 l’6 D xkj f’q f[y xtdv[f;h pw,sh k^ p-tofy m,ju ]u k7kcr’g-oja G w,fh Fj6 w,ch f’F w,ch 8Fh w,ch 7o c]t vnoj MD xjkxtlq, gduf0Bo8k,g0fr6,lao4ko8+kd;kj !DWWW , g-aoj G r6rP’ c]t r68O d;,gvqkg7y’j |b’j 0v’xkj w,hma’\\qfF ,u1.6j om5drNom0uj v’xtgmfD xkj xtlq,,u8Qow,hm,uj u.[s^oqj .o]tf6c]h’F ,uw,hs^kp -toyfm’a w,gh oNvc0’ c]t w,gh oNvvvj og-oja G w,fh Fj6 w,ch 8Fh w,ch 7oF w,lh da F w,9h ydF w,-h kfF w,[h kdF w,hgxnvpF w,hxvj ’ c]t vnoj MD xjk37d gxaoxkj w,hmumj qo8+ltrk[9edaf0v’me,t-kfg-aoj G -Aofyo[k’F 0kfc7ooEF fyoxtlq, suocIjDDD ,u8Qow,hs^kp-toyfc8j[+l6’F ,usphkgdufc-d-hvo8k,s;jk’0v’8Qow,hD xjk37dczj 0tspkps^kp1m6j k’rkddk’ c]t rkd.8h0v’]k;D xjkw,h.[g0a, gxaoxkj mugj duf168j k,g0fmuj,ur6,vkdkfg1aoF ,uw,h.[g0a, @ -toyfmulj e7ao7nG w,hcxd c]t w,hIY’F ovdoAo pa’,uw,hf6Fj w,hd+ c]t sphkgdufc-d-hvo8k,s;kj ’8Qow,hD xkj w,h.[g0a,,u16.j o c0;’zQ’lk]uF sq;raoF -P’0;k’F s^;’rt[k’F [=]y7ew-F 7e,;j o c]t g0fr6rP’[=]tg;oD xjk7a’ gxaom’qj sphkmu,j ur,5j w,hgduflts^a[-a[-hvodaoF [k’cs’j ,uc8mj ’qj sphk]h;oF gduf.og0fm,uj u r6,vkdkfvq[v5joF 0hvo0hk’|k;.o]tf6c]h’ gxao8Qoc,jog0frkdg|nv c]t g0fr6mk’ rkd8kg;oa vvdD 25

ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ czomujxjkw,h0v’]k; 26

@D$ laf ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ lafdyosphk vkwl1xj6 kj f’q 8[b |k c]t g0fm,ju mu ’jq spkh d;kh ’0;k’g-oja G -kh ’F ’;q xkj XBanteng?F g,pu (Gaur?F 7;kpxkj F cIfF d;k’F 2koF wdFj dt8kj p c]t vnoj MD g,up lafdyo-Uo vkwl1.j6 og0fm,ju lu fa doy spkh g-oja G glvn 37’j F glvn fk;F glvn feF g\\vn pF \\Fu \\k9vdF 9vo2vo c]t vnoj M g\\nvp 27

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wd0j ;koyo ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ lafoE vkwl168j k,c,oj E0v’F lk0k0v’c,oj E0v’F sh;pF |v’F[b’D lafoE,us^kp-toyfg-aoj G xk[bdgxaoxkmu.j spdj ;kj \\6vj kwl16.j oc,oj E0v’F xk0kj F xkg]u,F xk-;pF xkoqdg0qkF xkg\\AoF xkxkdF xkltdk’F xkf5dF xk7+F xk/kvv’F xk/kw]F x6F d5h’F svpF vPj oF dq[F 0Pf c]t vojn MD xk0kj X3],koE9nf? 29

#D dkooe.-h-a[rtpkdvome,t-kf1jk’lq,gsflq,zqo c]t dkoxqdxad ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Iadlklyj’c;f]hv, grnjvdkorafmtokc[[pnopq’ #D! -a[rtpkdvo.8hfyo dko05f7Qo-a[rtpkdvo xtgrfcIjmkfpa’,u]adltot9edafF ,urP’cIjmkf[k’-t oyfmwuj fIh [a dko0f5 7oQ g-oja G 7e ,udko05f7Qo16cj 0;’;P’9ao c]t c0;’lts;aootg0fD c8dj vj oxt-k-qo]k;g0y’ s^n Ivj ogvqk8k,c7,c,oj Eg-aoj G 16sj ^;’rt[k’F vaf8txn c]t vnoj MD gs^ad xt-k-oq c0;’-P’0;k’ c]t c0;’s;q roa wfoh egvkq gs^da 8k,me,t-kf ,k8urkh F ,ufF 9qdF lP,DDD Ia[.-h.o7q;gInvo,kc8fj qookoc]h;D dqj; wfh,udko05f7Qo136j ro8Y;c0;’7e,;j o,kc8xj u !_@#D 4jkosuo ,udko05f7Qo16jg,nv’sq’lkc0;’w-pt[6]uF g,nv’;P’r67kc0;’s^;’oEmk c]t 16j g,vn ’g2vn ’c0;’;P’9oa D suodk; ,udko05f7Qo16cj 0;’lts;aootg0fF c0;’;P’9aoc8xj u !__WD #D@ -a[rtpkdvo|hkfyo wfh,udko05f7Qo c]t oe.-h1kj ’d;hk’0;k’ gIaf.shxt]y,kos^5f]q’1kj ’s^;’s^kp g-aoj G .oxu!_&W ,ugoNvmujxjkw,h !( ]hkogIad8kF .oxu !_)! pa’gs^nvrP’ !!F@ ]hko gIad8kD pvh odko0f5 7oQ -t-kp c]t dko9f6 xkj gIfa wI3j fp[,+ du koxd6 xkj mfq cmo gIfa .s7h o5 trk[ 0v’foy sf5^ ]’q F 9eo;olfa xkj sf5^ ]’q X[k’-tofy gdvn [lo6 roa wxg-oja G cIfF ,’ja F 3v’j DDD?F cs’j^ oE gsvn fcs’h .o]tfc6 ]’h l;j o]tf/6 oq gdufoE4;h ,F fyog9vnj o1kj ’dtmoa soa D r,6 vkdkf|k;s^kp.o[k’g0f c]t Ihvo0Bos^kp.o[k’g0fD f’aj oAoF rad c]t ]af4t[ko 9’bj ,umyfmk’.odkoxqdxadIadlk-a[rtpkdvome,t-kf7nG 30

{ x6dw,hmqfcmo c]t 0tspkpg0fxkj lts’;oD ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ { s^5fzvj odko05f7Qow,h c]t dkogIafwIcj ]h;sao]q’,kgIafokD { oe.-gh 8da oyd;ymtpklkfg0kQ ldj6 kozt]yf grvnj s^f5 zvj odko[d5 g[udgoNvmxju kj w,Dh { -d5 plh6 yfgxoa g9kQ 7,h5 7v’-[a rtpkdvome,t-kf.oc8]j tmvh ’4oyj D { I;j ,,dn [a v’q dko9fa 8’A lkdoq grvjn 0f5 7oQ c]t xdq xda Ida lk-[a rtpkdvome,t-kf 1kj ’g\\ktl,q D { 0f5 7oQ 8vh ’wx7P’7dj6 [a dkoxdq xda Ida lkD xkj w,h 7e4k, !D -a[rtpkdvome,t-kfc[’j vvdgxao9adxtgrfL 7nxtgrf.fcfLj @D -a[rtpkdvo.8hfyoc[’j vvdgxao9ad-toyfL -toyf.fcfLj #D -a[rtpkdvogmy’|hkfyo,uspa’cfLj 9’qj pqd8q;1kj ’D $D -a[rtpkdvome,t-kfmwuj fhoe.-hc]h;.o]k;,uspa’cfLj &D oda IPo,;u my du koco;.f.odkovto]5 da c]t xdq xda Ida lk-[a rtpkdvome,t-kfgrvjn dkorfa mtokc[[pnop’q L 31

rkdmu II g0fr6,lkf0v’]k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ [qfmu * g0frkdg|nv0v’]k; vu’.l]j adltotfhkome,t-kfgxao8Qoc,oj fhkor6,lao4koF r6,vkdkf c]t vu’.ldj ko c[’j g0fcfo]ts;kj ’c0;’8kj ’MF xtgmf]k;c[’j vvdgxoa # g0f7Gn g0fg|vn F g0fdk’ c]t g0f.8Dh !D 0v[g0f c]t g’njvow0me,t-kf0v’g0fg|nvD !D! 0v[g0f g0fg|nvxtdv[fh;p ) c0;’7nG zQ’lk]uF s^;’oEmkF [+cdh;F v5fq,w-F w-pt[6]uF s^;’rt[k’F -P’0;k’ c]t sq;raoD ,ugoNvmuj !!#F@)# d,@F ,uxt-kdvoxt,ko @D!@$D#(& 7qo Xxu@WW)?D g0fg|nv16j]ts;jk’glAo0t|komu !( =#Wj g|nvg4y’ @@ =#Wj g|nv c]t 16]j ts;kj ’glAoc;’mu !WW =W&j 8kg;aovvdg4y’ !W$ =&_j 8kg;aovvdD !D@ g’njvow0me,t-kf dD r6,lao4ko { g0fg|nvgxaog0fg8Qk3I,0v’r6l6’g-y’j ,u7;k,l6’d;kj !WWW c,af 0BowxF 9v,r6 l6’mulj e7ao,ur6g[hp X@)@W ,? 16cj 0;’-P’0;k’F r6s;f X@$&@ ,? 16cj 0;’sq;raoF r-6 kh ’ X@##W ,? 1cj6 0;’w-pt[]6 Fu rw6 fg9pd’5 X@W__ ,? 1cj6 0;’s;^ ’oEmkF r]6 k;xu X@W(_ ,? 1cj6 0;’s;^ ’rt[k’F rf6 vp9ju X!)$@ ,? 1cj6 0;’z’Q lk]Fu ro6 kc,; X!_#( ,? 1c6j 0;’v5fq,w-F ovdoAo pa’,ulkpr6 c]t 9v,r6vnoj Mc9d1kp16.j oc8]j tc0;’D { g0fg|nv,ur6rP’mulj e7ao7nG r6rP’-P’0;k’ Xr6rP’g,nv’r;o?F r6rP’g,nv’ly’ Xs^;’oEmk?F r6rP’|v’7hk’ Xsq;rao? c]t vnoj MD { g0fg|nv,um’qj rP’mucj 7[F 1]6j P[8k,c7,c,oj E c]t Ivj ,r6D 0D r6,vkdkf { .o]tfc6 ]’h g0fg|nv9t,uvkdkf|k;g1oa F vo5 str,6 ltg]pj !& =c c]t ,uxt]y,ko oE/oq s^kp X.o]da ltot/oq /vp?D { .o]tf6/qo vkdkf9tIhvoF v5ostr6,ltg]pj @$ =c c]t ,uxt]y,kooE/qos^kpD 32

7D c,joE]eg- ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ ,cu ,oj E0v’g-’jy wsz^ kj oc0;’s;^ ’oEmkF c0;’[c+ d;h F c0;’w-pt[]6 u c]t c0;’s;^ ’ rt[k’D ovdoAo pa’,uc,oj Emuwj s^9kd]k;vvdlv6j kj ;8q’cd’g-oaj G oE-eF oEgouoF oE,hk c]t ,ulk0k0v’c,oj E0v’g-aoj G oEmkF oEv6F oEc[’F oEg-nv’F oE7ko c]t vnoj MD ’D -a[rtpkdvome,t-kf .og0fg|vn foy l;j osk^ pgxoa foy rf6 vpF foy loa fvo,1u ]j6 P[8k,c7,c,oj ED xkj w,.h og0foU gxaoxkj xtlq, c]t ,ulafxkj okM-toyfF .ofyo,ucImj kfmluj e7aog-oaj G cIgj -Bvw2 X4kj osuo?F gs^adF gdnvF cdh;xtgluf c]t vnoj MD glnv]kpsuovjvo16jg0fxjklts’;ooEshkc0;’s^;'oEmk @D 7;k,le7ao0v’g0fg|nv8+dkorafmtokxtgmf vu’.lj,6og-Nvdkozt]yf0v’xt-k-qo c]t ltrk[me,t-kfmujv5fq,lq,[6o g0fg|nv lk,kf0tspkp0tc|’dkozt]yfmluj e7oa g-oja G 33

fhkodtlyde ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ ,udko]hP’7a’j F x6dpkoF x6d,voF zadmP,F \\kddhP’F \\kdoafF \\kd9v’F \\kd7kpF ]hP’’q;F 7;kpF cdtF c[hF ,hkF -hk’DDD g-y’j gxaozt]yf8trao0v’g0fg|nv c]t ma’gxaolyo7hk lqj’vvd0kpma’rkp.o c]t 8jk’xtgmf X3fpltgrktc,jo7aj’ c]t pko?D g0foU,u 7;k,lk,kf.odkoxd6 rnfvf5 lkstdegxoa 8oQ c,oj /kh pF -kF dkg2F lk]uF xkj oF x= c]t vonj MD fhkov5flkstde g0fg|vn ,7u ;k,lk,kfl’6 .odko0tspkpvf5 lkstdert]’a ’kow22kh oE8dq F vf5 lkstde 05f7QocImj kfF v5flkstdew,hDDD g0nvj ow22hkoEmk 0t|kf !F@ MW 34

fhkodko7hk ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ g0fg|nv gxaog0fmuj,u-kpcfo8yfda[s^kpxtgmf ,uglAomk’7q,,tok7q,s^kplkpF ,zu t]fy 8troa loy 7kh sk^ p-tofy mlju e7oa F ,gu ’vjn ow0.odkolkh ’9f5 l,5 fkh oglf4tdfy gxoa 8oQ c,oj dkorq;raoc]dxPj olyo7hkda[9uoF s;Pfok,F ,Po,k c]t wmD fhkodkomjv’mjP; g0fg|nv gxaog0f|b’j mu,j ucs^’j mvj ’mPj ;s^kpcs’j gxao8Qo c,oj Ivj ’Ivpxts;aflkfF ;afmtotme c]t me,t-kfg-yj’wfhIa[7;k,lqo.99kdoadmjv’mjP;ma’rkp.o c]t 8kj ’xtgmfg-aoj G 8q;g,nv’,=]tfqd3]d Xs^;’rt[k’?F oE8qd8kfd;k’-uF 4E8y’j F mq’j wssuoF g,nv’;P’w-F xkj lts’;ooEshkc0;’s^;’oEmkDDD oE8dq 8kfd;k’-u 35

me,t-kfg,nv';P'w- ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ #D dkorq;rao c]t dkoIj;,,nda[[aofkc0;’.dh7P’ c]t 8jk’xtgmf .og0fg|nv,uglAomk’7q,,tok7q,mk’[qdmujle7ao7nG glAomk’g]d !# g|nv mujg-njv, 8d+ [a gloA mk’g]d ! mcju 0;’vf5 ,q w-D [oa fkc0;’8kj ’M.og0fg|vn lk,kfr;q roa c]dxPj oloy 7kh doa wfh 3fp,gu ,vn ’w- Xvf5 ,q w-? c]t s^;’rt[k’ gxoa lo6 dk’ c]t mk’zkj o c0;’s^;’oEmkF c0;’[+cdh;F c0;’w-pt[6]u c]t c0;’s^;’rt[k’F lk,kf8yf8+rq;raodaowfh 3fpmk’gInv 8k,c,oj E0v’D ovd9kdoAoF [aofkc0;’8kj ’Mmu,j u-kpcfo8yfda[xtgmf.dh7P’g-aoj G wmF ,Po,kF 9uo c]t s;Pfok, d=pa’,udkorq;raoc]dxPj olyo7hkF ;afmtotme c]t vnoj Mda[ [oa fkxtgmf8kj ’Mgskj^q ooA D 7e4k, !D g0fg|nv0v’]k;,umu8j A’0v[g0f7nco;.fL xtdv[fh;pc0;’.fcfLj @D g’nvj ow0me,t-kf c]t -a[rtpkdvome,t-kf0v’g0fg|nv,uspa’cfLj #D g0fg|nv,u7;k,le7aoco;.f8+dkorafmtokglf4tdyf0v’xtgmfL $D 9’jq c8,h czomgju 0frkdg|vn 0v’]k;D 36

[qfmu ( g0frkddk’0v’]k; ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ !D 0v[g0f c]t g’njvow0me,t-kf !D! 0v[g0f g0fdk’xtdv[fh;p & c0;’7nG ;P’9aoF ot7vos^;’;P’9aoF [=]y7ew-F 7e,;j o c]t lts;aootg0fD g0fdk’,u-kpcfoIj;,da[xtgmfs;Pfok, c]t wmD ,ugoNvmujma’\\qf (_D$@* d,@ F ,xu t-kdvom’a \\fq xt,ko @D*()DW!# 7oq X@WW)?F g0fdk’1]j6 ts;kj ’gloA 0t|komu !& &= &j g|vn g4’y !_ @= &j g|vn c]t 1]j6 ts;kj ’gloA c;’mu !WW &= W j 8kg;oa vvdg4’y !W* $= ( 8j kg;aovvdD !D@ g’njvow0me,t-kf r6,lao4ko fhko8kg;aovvd0v’g0fdk’,ulkpr6s^;’ c]t fhko8kg;ao8qdgxaog0fr6rP’ c]t m’jq rP’D 9v,rm6 lju e7oa ,ru \\6 Ph ’ X@$&) ,? 1cj6 0;’;P’9oa F rI6 k;d= X@@)* ,? 1cj6 0;’7e,;j oDDD r6rP’mulj e7ao c,oj r6rP’okdkp Xc0;’7e,;j o? g-y’j gxaor6rP’suox6oD g0fdk’gxaog0f mu,j umq’j rP’d;hk’.spj c]t fyov5fq,lq,[6og-aoj G mq’j rP’;P’9aoF mq’j rP’lts;aootg0f c]t m’jq rP’]P[8k,c7,c,oj ED r6,vkdkf .o]tf6c]h’vkdkfg1aoF v5ostr6,ltg]pj @W = c ,u/qo|hvp X[k’cs’j [+,ug]up?D .o]tf6 /qovkdkfIhvo c]t -5,j F v5ostr6,ltg]pj @) ={#W =c ,u/qo8qds^kpD c,joE]eg- ,uc,oj E0v’ws^zkj oc0;’;P’9aoF ot7vos^;’;P’9aoF c0;’[=]y7ew-F c0;'7e,;j oF c0;’lts;oa otg0fD ovdooA p’a ,lu k0k0v’c,oj E0v’sk^ plkpmlju e7oa g-oja G oE’,jn F oE’P[F oE-aoF oEdtfy’F oEsuo[6oF oEg-[A’w2F oEg-[A’sP’ c]t vnoj MD -a[rtpkdvome,t-kf { foy G gxoa foy loa fvogdkjq c]t .\\Dj Xm’jq rP’;P’9oa ? c]t foy sou xo6 F Xrr6 P’okdkp?D { xkj w,hG gxaoxkj fq’fy[ gduf8k,m’qj rP’F g0f8uor6 c]t r6rP’mu,j ufyo|kF gonvj ’9kd xt]y,kooE/qos^kp c]t ,uv5ostr6,l6’F xtdv[fh;pw,hs^kp-toyfm,uj u]k7kcr’ g-aoj G w,hf6Fj w,hc8hF w,hc7oDDD { cImj kfG ,ucImj kfmulj e7aog-oaj G cIgj -Nvw2 X4kj osuo?F 7eF g’yoF d;qj F gs^adF suodk;F 37

gdnv c]t vnjoMD cIjmkf[k’-toyfwfh4nd05f7Qo c]t gxaolyo7hklqj’vvd0kp.sh ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 8kj ’xtgmfD @D 7;k,le7ao0v’g0fdk’8+dkorafmtokxtgmfD g0fdk’,u7;k,lk,kf1kj ’Iv[fhko .odko0tspkpglf4tdyfF phvo,umu8j A’ltf;d .odkorq;raoda[8jk’xtgmfF ,uot7vos^;’F ,ug’njvow0me,t-kfltf;d c]t 8kojk’ dko7q,,tok7q,|kc|ho c]t vnoj MF lk,kf0tspkpglf4tdyf0tc|’dkomulj e7aog-oaj G fhkodtlyde g0fdk’lk,kf0tspkpdkozt]yfdtlydes^kp0tc|’ gonjv’9kdg0foU,umqj’rP’ mudj ;hk’.spj c]t fyov5fq,lq,[6og-oaj mq’j rP’;P’9aoD zqozt]yf0v’g0fdk’,us^kp-toyfg-aoj G g0QkF zad-toyf8kj ’MF rnf.sh\\kdF ’q;F 7;kpF lafxyud c]t vnoj MD zqozt]yf8kj ’M ovd9kd gxaolyo7hkxhvo8ts^kfrkp.oc]h;pa’gxaolyo7hk lqj’vvd0kp.shg0fvnjo c]t 8jk’xtgmfD dkodtlyde.og0foU0tspkp8q;l6’lq,7;o grktgxaog0fmu,j uxt-kdvos^kpF ,u8ts^kfIv’Ia[ c]t ,uglAomk’7q,,tok7q,ltf;dD fhkov5flkstde g0fdk’gxoa g0fm,ju vu f5 lkstdesk^ p0tc|’F wfIh [a dkodl+ kh ’ 0oB dvj o\\gj6 -oja G vf5 lkstde 05f7Qodq;j F x5’c8’j zt]yf8trao9kddtlydeF g7nvj ’fn,j F dqo9adohvpF ,u7;k,lk,kf0tspkp v5flkstdew;d;kj g0fvonj F ,uzt]yf8traov5flkstdes^kp-toyfg-oja G oEs;koF g0Qk|q,F g[pF lt[6/5oj F lt[6dhvoF gdnvF 1kxq;rtpkfF w,hvafF 1kl6[F -u,a’F ;afltf5d+lhk’F rt]a’’kow22hk c]t vnoj MD 38

ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ rt]’a ’kow22kh oE8dq g0vnj ooE’,nj fhkodko7q,,tok7q,{dko7hk g0fdk’,uglAomk’7q,,tok7q,|kc|homugj xaorNo4ko,kc8dj jvoc]h; c]t oe.-hwfh ltf;dfug-ajoG glAomk’g]d )F g]d _ vvdl6jxtgmfs;Pfok,F 0q;0hk,c,joE0v’g-ajoG ot7vos;^ ’;P’9oa F lts;oa otg0fF 7e,;j o c]t mkj gIvn 8k,]ec,oj E0v’gxoa gloA mk’vvdlj6 xtgmfwm c]t xtgmfvnjoMD glAomk’g]dmu!# c]t c,joE0v’gxaoglAomk’g-njv, 8+]ts;kj ’g0fdk’ da[g0fg|nv c]t g0f.8hF lt|k,[yo;afw8 gxaol6odk’dko[yocs’j -kf c]t lkdoq D [oa fkgloA mk’gskj^q ooA wfvh eo;p7;k,ltf;d.sch ddj kor;q roa c]dxPj oloy 7kh ]t s;kj ’g0f8+g0f c]t da[8kj ’xtgmfD 39

ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ lt|k,[yolkdqo;afw8 fhkodkomjv’mjP; g0fdk’gxoa g0fm,ju cu s’j^ mvj ’mPj ;mlju e7oa sk^ pcs’j g-oja G rtmkfs;^ ’;P’9oa F ;fa sr= itcd;h F rtmkfvu’Ia’F ;aflu37f8t[v’DDD gxaog0fmu,j uxt-kdvovkwl16|j kc|hoF ,ult4komu[j =]ydko c]t rkstot0qolq’j muvj eo;p7;k,ltf;d.shcddj komvj ’mPj ;ma’rkp.o c]t 8kj ’xtgmfD 40

ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ me,t-kf;a’;P’ #D dkorq;rao c]t Ij;,,nda[[aofkc0;’.dh7P’ c]t 8jk’xtgmf .og0fdk’,gu loA mk’7,q ,tok7,q mlju e7oa 7Gn gloA mk’g]dmu !#F g]d )F g]d _F c,oj E0v’ c]t mk’vkdkfD ot7vos^;’;P’9ao gxaol6odk’ .odko7q,,tok7q,mk’[qdF mk’vkdkf c]t 3m]t7q,,tok7q,F lk,kf9=]t9volyo7hkF c9d1kp0=h,6o0kj ;lko8jk’M c]t vnoj M .sh[aofkc0;’8kj ’M .o0v[g0fmq;j xtgmfD ovd9kdoAo pa’gxaol6odk’.odkorq;rao c]t I;j ,,In v[fkh od[a [oa fkxtgmf.d7h P’ c]t v’q dko9fa 8’A lkdoq D m’a ,lu eoda ’kov’q dko0v’ ]af c]t [aofklt4kom6f8kj ’M8A’1o6j t7vos^;’vudfh;pD 7e4k, !D g0fdk’,u0v[g0f c]t mu8j A’le7aoco;.fL xtdv[fh;pc0;’.fcfLj @D 9’jq pdq .sgh soa g’vnj ow0me,t-kf0v’g0fdk’D #D fh;pgsf.fglf4tdyf0v’g0fdk’9’bj 0tspkp8q;w;L 41

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