202110213-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-ENGLISH-G06-PART1

English Workbook_6_P_1.pdf 1 10/18/19 1:01 PM 6 Part - 1 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________

Table of Contents Unit Content Page No. Unit 1 2-41 Unit 2 1. Peace and Harmony 2. I am Earth; I want Peace Unit 3 3. Grand Contest in the Forest Unit 4 CCE Based Practice Questions Unit 5 Unit 6 1. Telangana, The Pride of the People 42-73 2. In the Bazaars of Hyderabad 3. Bammera Pothana, the Jewel of Telugu Literature CCE Based Practice Questions 1. What Can a Dollar and Eleven Cents 74-114 Do? 2. A Nation’s Strength 3. Wilma Rudolph CCE Based Practice Questions 1. An Adventure 115-152 2. The Naughty Boy 3. Tanaji Malusare CCE Based Practice Questions 1. Plant a Tree 153-188 2. If a Tree Could Talk 3. Children, Speak Up! CCE Based Practice Questions 1. Rip Van Winkle 189 - 210 CCE Based Practice Questions Extra CCE Examination – based Material 211 - 227 1

SESSION 1 UNIT 1 PEACE AND HARMONY – READING Oral Discourse Select any one animal from the above picture and describe it. Hints: • Choose any one animal ( eg. elephant) • Describe its body parts ( eg. elephant has a big trunk and big ears) • Share if you have seen that animal in real life (eg. in a circus or a zoo) 1.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Verb bloat roam become bigger walk or travel without and bigger aimlessly, especially (swell unpleasantly) over a wide area admire praise to have a high to say or write opinion of; respect good things about (someone accompany or something) to go somewhere with (someone) approach to move or become near to something or someone UNIT 1 2

Noun LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY gymnastics property physical objects or things exercises owned by somebody woe harmony extreme sadness a state of living together peacefully supper an evening meal (especially an informal meal that you eat at home) Adverb unanimously unitedly / with the agreement of all people involved 1.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary This is a tale that emphasises the importance of living in peace and harmony. Long ago, in a forest, all the lived animals together in the spirit of unity. One day, a cunning jackal entered the forest and poisoned the minds of the innocent animals and turned them against each other. The animals became suspicious of one another and thus, became an easy prey for the jackal. Very soon, the animals lived in fear for their lives. The whole forest became sad and gloomy. Seeing this, the Moon descended as a sadhu and helped the animals to once again live together happily. To teach the jackal a lesson, the sadhu (the Moon) tricks the jackal into eating him. After eating the Moon, the jackal's stomach began grew bigger and bigger until it burst, thus killing the jackal. The Moon then advised all the animals in the forest to live in peace and harmony. The animals realising the importance of living harmoniously began to roam, sing and sleep in peace. They invited the moon and the stars for their cultural evenings. UNIT 1 3

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Self Assessment: How well did I read? Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no I enjoyed reading the passage. I got the idea of the passage on my own. I got the idea with the help of my friends in the group. The teacher helped me to understand the passage. I used the glossary given at the end of the passage. UNIT 1 4

SESSION 2 PEACE AND HARMONY – LITERATURE 2.1 Literature - QA Q1. How were the animals before the jackal joined them? Pick out the words, which describe their mood. A. Before the jackal joined them, the animals lived together in unity, helping each other. They roamed about the jungle and played together in the open fields without any fear. They often held musical evenings and invited the moon and the stars. The words ‘admired’, ‘enjoyed’, ‘tickled’, ‘played’, ‘danced’ and ‘sang’ describe their mood. Q2. What happened to the animals after the jackal came to the forest? A. After the jackal came to the forest, the animals became suspicious of one another. They started to build boundaries and fences around their properties. They moved about individually or with their own group. They did not help one another. Q3. What was the jackal’s plan? How did it succeed? A. The jackal’s plan was to create differences among the creatures in the forest, so that they would not help each other. He poisoned their minds by sowing the seeds of distrust, suspicion and jealousy among them. Soon, the animals started to put up boundaries and build fences around their properties. They moved about individually or with their own group. Q4. What did the animals do to check the jackal’s evil design? A. When the animals, insects and birds realised that the jackal was responsible for killing of animals, they held an emergency meeting. They unanimously decided to meet the sadhu and with plead him to kill the jackal. Q5. How was the Moon disguised? Why did he choose that form? A. The Moon disguised himself as a sadhu. He chose that form to gain the trust of the creatures in the forest and to teach the cunning jackal a lesson. Q6. Why did the sadhu ask the jackal to take him for his meal? Would you do the same if you were in his place? A. The sadhu asked the jackal to take him for his meal and spare the lives of the hens, so that he could teach the jackal a lesson. (write Yes, I would or No, I would not) do the same if I were in the sadhu’s place. Q7. What did the sadhu teach the animals in the forest? A. The sadhu taught the animals to live in peace and unity. with no fences around them. He wished that there was only trust and no animosity among them. UNIT 1 5

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Q8. Do you think the sadhu sacrificed his life for the sake of animals in the forest? Give reasons for your answer. A. (Write Yes, I think the sadhu sacrificed Or write No, I don’t think the sadhu sacrificed) his life for the sake of the animals in the forest. (Give reason for your choice) Q9. Read the following paragraph and analyse it in terms of cause and effect/ consequence. One has been done for you. The animals in the forest were friendly, so the jackal could not hunt and eat any one animal. The jackal then thought of a cruel plan and implemented it. The animals began to suspect each other as the jackal’s plan worked. Life in the forest became dull as there were no musical evenings. All the animals begged the sadhu for help, so he talked to the animals and the birds. However, the sadhu did not want to kill the jackal, but preferred to teach it a lesson. A. Cause Consequence All the animals in the forest were friendly. The jackal could not eat any animal. The jackal implemented his plan. The animals started suspecting each other There were no musical evenings. The forest became dull. The animals requested the sadhu for help. The sadhu talked to the animals and birds and solved their problem. Q11. Rearrange the following sentences in the order of their occurrence in the story. Then rewrite them into a meaningful coherent paragraph using appropriate linkers. 1. The animals and the birds requested the Moon to help them. 2. The moon came in the form of a sadhu. 3. The jackal created an unfriendly atmosphere. 4. The peace and harmony in the forest was disturbed. 5. The jackal entered the forest. 6. The peace and harmony in the forest was restored. 7. The jackal did not like this, so it killed the sadhu 8. The sadhu talked to everyone in the forest and tried to restore peace. 9. Every month they had a musical evening. 10.The animals and the birds began suspecting each other. 11.The animals and the birds were living happily together. 12.The stomach of the jackal bloated and then burst into pieces. A. The animals and the birds lived happily together. Every month, they had a musical evening. One day, a jackal entered the forest. He created an unfriendly atmosphere. The animals and the birds began suspecting each other. The peace and harmony in the forest was disturbed. Seeing this, the moon came in the form of a sadhu. As soon as the animals and the birds saw the sadhu, they requested him to help them. The sadhu talked to everyone in the forest and tried to restore peace. The jackal didn’t like this, so it killed the sadhu. After he ate the sadhu, the jackal's stomach bloated and then burst into pieces. After his death, peace and harmony was restored in the forest. UNIT 1 6

SESSION 3 PEACE AND HARMONY – VOCABULARY 3.1 Vocabulary I. Adjectives Read the following sentences from the story: They heard a soft voice. He was dirty and dangerous. It was easy for the jackal to hunt the smaller animals and birds. The jackal told the elephant, “You are the biggest animal in the forest.” He said to the peacock, “You are the loveliest bird in the forest.” The underlined words are called Adjectives. 1. They come either before or after a noun ( a tall boy ) 2. They take intensifiers like very, quite (a very tall boy) There are three degrees of comparison - Positive, Comparative and Superlative. Let us understand them. Read these sentences: 1. An orange is sweet. 2. An apple is sweeter than an orange. 3. A mango is the sweetest fruit. In sentence 1, the adjective sweet tells us that an orange has the quality of sweetness but does not tell us how much of this quality it has. In sentence 2, the adjective sweeter tells us that an apple has more of the quality of sweetness when compared to an orange. In sentence 3, the adjective sweetest tells us that of all the fruits, a mango has the greatest amount or the highest degree of the quality of sweetness. Thus we see that the Adjectives can change in form to show comparison - sweet, sweeter, sweetest). They are called Degrees of Comparison. Here are the three forms of a few adjectives: Positive Comparative Superlative dark darker darkest small smaller smallest near nearer nearest big bigger biggest lovely lovelier loveliest dirty dirtier dirtiest melodious more melodious most melodious UNIT 1 7

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Q1. Read the following paragraph carefully, underline all adjectives and write the other degrees of comparison for them. Yesterday we went for a picnic to Nehru Zoological Park, which is one of the biggest zoos in the country. The climate was cool and pleasant. We saw many animals, birds, reptiles etc. We also saw a very large elephant. After that, we saw a tall giraffe with a long neck. There were also some small birds which sang sweet songs. There was a beautiful peacock which danced majestically. We went very close to the brown cobra. We felt very happy. We reached home late in the evening. A. Positive Comparative Superlative big bigger biggest cool cooler coolest pleasant more pleasant most pleasant large larger largest tall taller tallest long longer longest small smaller smallest sweet sweeter sweetest beautiful more beautiful most beautiful brown browner happy happier brownest happiest late later last (position) latest (time) dark darker darkest dirty drtier dirtiest II. Opposites Read the following words. Each pair has one word and the ther wordis its opposite in meaning. big X small near X far dark X light open X close happy X unhappy start X stop large X small thick X thin live X die appear X disappear long X short common X uncommon UNIT 1 8

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Q1. Now fill in the blanks in the sentences given below with the word opposite in meaning to the one in bold letters. A. 1. The elephant’s eyes are small but its body is big. 2. The animals were happy in the beginning. After the jackal entered the forest, they became unhappy. 3. The giraffe’s neck is very long but its tail is short. 4. Mangoes are sweet but lemons are sour. 5. The coconut is a tall tree but the guava is a short tree. B. Similar in Meaning Q1. The following pair of words are similar in meaning. Pick out such pairs from the story you have just read. Word Word with similar meaning animals creatures build construct large big, huge small tiny talk speak cried sobbed woe sad talk chat called invited loveliest beautiful opportunity chance UNIT 1 9

SESSION 4 PEACE AND HARMONY – GRAMMAR 4.1 Grammar I. Degrees of Comparison Read the following sentences. The elephant is bigger than the donkey. The donkey is not so big as the elephant. In the above sentences the elephant and the donkey are compared with respect to their size. The words “big” and “bigger” are adjectives that are used to compare their size. Here is some information about a group of pupils in 6th class: Name of the Age in Years Height in Ft. Weight in Kgs. student 11 4.9 27 Harini 12 5.1 30 Seshagiri 12 4.8 28 10 4.5 24 Akhila 13 5.3 35 Bhaskar Raju 11 5.1 28 12 4.9 28 Siddu 13 4.5 27 Rajesh 12 5.1 30 Raghava 10 4.5 25 Vamshi Manoj Gopi Q1. Now make 20 sentences comparing the age, height and weight of the students as shown in the examples given below: Harini is as tall as Rajesh. Harini is not as heavy as Raghava. Harini is older than Gopi. Siddu is the heaviest boy in the group UNIT 1 10

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY A. 1. Seshagiri is older than Bhaskar Raju. 2. Siddu is the tallest in the class. 3. Gopi is shorter than Manoj. 4. Rajesh is as heavy as Raghava. 5. Bhaskar Raju is younger than Siddu. 6. Akhila is as old as Seshagiri. 7. Bhaskar Raju is lighter than Siddu. 8. Manoj is taller than Raghava. 9. Harini is younger than Vamsi. 10. Vamshi is shorter than Raghava. 11. Seshagiri is heavier than Gopi. 12. Akhila is heavier than Bhaskar Raju. 13. Vamshi is older than Raghava. 14. Rajesh is younger than Siddu. 15. Siddu is heavier than Rajesh. 16. Raghava is as old as Akhila. 17. Seshagiri is as tall as Rajesh. 18. Rajesh is as old as Harini. 19. Gopi is lighter than Raghava. 20. Vamshi is shorter than Rajesh. II. Adverbs Look at the following sentences paying special attention to the underlined words. The tiny ants, which were always busy, tickled the dark buffaloes. They often held musical evenings in a large open field. The underlined words are adverbs, which tell us how often something happens. They are called adverbs of frequency. Read the following passage and underline the adverbs of frequency. Shekar is a busy taxi driver. He never finds time to read books. He often takes food outside. He reaches home early in the evening. But he seldom goes to bed early. So his children always ask him for a bed time story. Sometimes he takes his children to picnics and buys toys and gifts. UNIT 1 11

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Look at the conversation between two friends, Murthy and Krishna. Q2. Fill in the blanks with always, never, often, seldom, sometimes. A. : Do you like reading books? Murthy Krishna : Yes, very much. I always read books, a book a day. How about you? Murthy : I like books too. But I sometimes read books, not always. Krishna : How often do you read books? Murthy : Once or twice a month. Krishna : Oh, that’s fine. Have you read Asura by Anand Neelakantan? Murthy : No, I haven’t. I’ll read it next month. How often does your brother read? Krishna : He seldom reads books. The last one he read was 10 years ago. UNIT 1 12

SESSION 5 PEACE AND HARMONY – WRITING 5.1 Writing Q. Here is an invitation card from the animals about a musical programme in the forest. Read it carefully. Suppose you are planning to conduct a cultural programme in your school on the occasion of your School Anniversary. Design an invitation card. You may use the model given above. A. UNIT 1 13

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY How well did I write? Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no. I was able to explain / describe / narrate well. The sentences I used were properly connected. I was able to express my ideas in apt words. The ideas were arranged in proper sequence. I used proper punctuation marks. How well did I edit my work? Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no. I deleted the excess words. I corrected the wrong forms of words. I corrected the punctuation errors. I added new words wherever necessary. I corrected the misspelt words. Q. Read below how the Peacock, the organiser compered the whole programme in the the Greenwood Forest. Dear Mr Moon, Stars and dear Friends, I welcome you all to the Peace and Harmony Programme organised in the Green wood Forest. As you’re aware, we have with us Mr Moon and Stars as our guests of honour. On behalf of our animal kingdom, and on my behalf, I thank them for sparing some of their valuable time for us. I’d request Mr Moon to say a few words on this occasion. (Mr Moon says a few words) Mr Moon sir, ......... Thank you sir, for saying very kind words for us. Now I will begin our cultural programme with a dance item called “Made for Each Other”. This will be presented by Elephant and Deer. (Dance item by Elephant and Deer) I’m sure you have liked the item. The next item in our programme is a song called “Victory over the Jackal.” This will be sung by Parrots and Mynahs. (A song by Parrots and Mynahs) How was the song? Did you like it? Now you will see the gymnastic show called ‘Health Tips for All Animals’. This will be presented by Tiger and Deer. (Gymnastic show by Tiger and Deer) I am sure you have enjoyed the show. Now you will see a skit called ‘Fine Fur of Rabbit’. It will be presented by Cuckoo and Friends. (Skit by Cuckoo and friends) UNIT 1 14

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Now I invite the Wild Buffalo, the President of the animal kingdom to propose a vote of thanks. (Vote of thanks by Wild Buffalo) Finally, I invite you all to have a mouthful of juice before you leave. Q. Imagine that you are the Cultural Secretary of your school. You have been asked to compere the programme on the School Anniversary day. Prepare your script and then give a mock performance before your group. A. You: Respected Headmaster ZPH School, Lakshmapeta, our guests of honour Sri.K.S. Lalith, Smt. M. Priyanka, dear teachers, parents and friends. I welcome you all to our School Anniversary programme organised at ZPH School, Lakshmapeta. As all of you know, we have with us, Sri. K.S.Lalith, our village sarpanch and Smt.M.Priyanka, our MEO as our guests of honour on behalf of our school. I thank them for sparing some of their valuable time for us. I would request Sri. K.S.Lalith sir to say a few words on this occasion. You: Sri.Lalith sir. . . You: Thank you sir, for saying your valuable and very kind words for us. Now let us begin our cultural programme with a Bharatanatyam dance by Kum. Sowjanya of VI A. (Bharatanatyam dance by Kum. Sowjanya of IV D I’m sure you all have enjoyed the lovely dance. The next item in our programme is a song - Endaro Mahanubhavulu by Master Teja, VIII B. (Song by Master Teja, VIII B) How was the song? Did you like it? Now you will see the Gymnastic Yoga show This will be presented by Students of Class VII & IX. (Yoga Asanas by Students of Class VII & IX I am sure you have enjoyed the show. Now you will see a skit called ‘Navvukundam Randi’. This is being presented by by Students of Class VIII & X. (Skit by by Students of Class VIII & X Now I invite Master K. Vivek, our school captain and student of XA to propose a vote of thanks. (Vote of thanks by K. Vivek, X A) UNIT 1 15

SESSION 6 PEACE AND HARMONY – STUDY AND LISTENING 6.1 Study and Listening Study Skills I. Read the following Table of Contents of a book: Unit No Lesson Page No. Unit 1 : Dolphins 1 Unit 2 : Olympic Games 9 The Swing (Poem) Unit 3 : Hovercrafts 19 Unit 4 Vikram Sarabhai 24 : Trees (Poem) Unit 5 : Fossils 32 Unit 6 : Crocodiles 38 Four Chairs (Poem) Unit 7 : Kites 47 Unit 8 : Habits 52 Mosquito (Poem) Unit 9 : Fingerprints 62 Unit 10 An Act of Bravery 68 : I Wonder (Poem) Q1. Fill in the blanks with the information in the Table of Contents given above. A. 1. “Fossils” is found on page ___32__. 2. If you want to know about crocodiles you must turn to page ___38____. 3. “Mosquito” is found in Unit ___8___. 4. The Unit 7: “Kites” is found from page ___47___ to ___51__. 5. Unit 4 talks about __Vikram Sarabhai___. UNIT 1 16

LESSON 1-PEACE AND HARMONY Listening Skills Listen to the story “The Friendly Mongoose” and answer the following questions: Q1. Which character do you like the most in the story? Why? A. I like the character of the mongoose in the story because it saves the life of the child by killing the snake. It even sacrificed its own life in the end. Q2. Do you think the mongoose would have bitten the child? A. No, I don't think the mongoose would have bitten the child. Q3. Is the woman right in killing the mongoose? What would you have done? A. No, the woman is not right in killing the mongoose. If I had been in her place, I would have (write what you would have done.) Q4. Why did the husband go to fields leaving the child to the mongoose? A. The husband had nothing to do in the house. So, he decided to take a look at his fields not far away. Q5. Why do you think the mongoose killed the snake? A. I think the mongoose killed the snake to save the little child from its bite. Q6. Suggest one word that describes the character of the mongoose in the story. A. Faithful. Q7. Is it a good idea to have a mongoose as a pet? Give reasons. A. Yes, it is a good idea to have a mongoose as pet. In the above story, the mongoose, not only was a good pet but also saved the life of the child by killing the snake. UNIT 1 17

SESSION 7 I AM EARTH; I WANT PEACE – READING 7.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Noun grace sorrow goodwill sadness Verb worry be anxious. 7.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary The big and round earth talks about the people living on her surface. She hears the cries of people who are being killed. She wonders if there will ever be peace. She wants to help the poor. She says that she can feel the sorrow and pain of the people. She worries about the future of the people living on her surface. She says that she understands the problems of the people. Earth is very selfless and thinks more about her people than about herself. She prays for all people. She dreams about her past when there was peace everywhere. She tries to handle her sorrow and hopes that she won’t be destroyed by the actions of the selfish people living on her. Self–Assessment Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no. I enjoyed reading the poem. I got the idea of the poem on my own. I got the idea with the help of my friends in the group. The teacher helped me to understand the poem. I used the glossary given at the end of the poem. UNIT 1 18

SESSION 8 I AM EARTH; I WANT PEACE – LITERATURE 8.1 Literature - QA Q1. What does the earth wish to have and why? A. People on the earth are being killed and crying out for help. So, the earth wishes to have peace all over the world. She wants peace and harmony for the people living on her, so that they don’t fight with each other and will also save her from destruction. Q2. “I am big and round.” What do you think is suggested by the repetition of this line? A. By repeating the line, I am big and round, the poet conveys that the earth is big enough for all people. So they can live peacefully and need not fight with each other. By 'round' the poet means the earth is content and self–satisfied. Q3. Was the earth happy or sorrowful? Give reasons for our opinion. A. I think the earth was sorrowful as she saw all the people living on her, facing all kinds of problems. There was no peace amidst the people and they were being killed by their own kind. She worries about the future of the people. UNIT 1 19

SESSION 9 GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST – READING 9.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Verb trill coo to make a soft to make repeated low sound short high sounds tinkle tumble to make sounds to fall downwards like the sounds of a small bell scamper to move quickly with glow short light steps to shine marvelled bloom to be very surprised to produce or impressed by flowers something 20 abound to be found in large numbers or amounts UNIT 1

Noun LESSON 3-GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST laburnum palash a small tree with a small tree with red bunches of yellow flowers, supposed flowers hanging to be sacred down ablaze radiance full of bright quality of colours or being bright lights despair gulmohar the feeling of red and yellow having lost all flowering tree, hope popularly known as the Flame of The Adjective Forest turquoise emerald a bluish green colour bright green in colour hollow balmy having an empty warm and pleasant space on the inside (of the air, weather, etc.) UNIT 1 21

Adjective LESSON 3-GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST grave sparkling requiring or bright causing serious thought 9.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary It was the Great Day contest. All the animals, birds and trees of the forest would have to give their best to the Great One who will be visiting the forest, who would choose the best among them. All the animals and trees are excited and began to prepare for the grand contest, except for a little grey squirrel, who was sad as he neither had the beauty nor the talent that the other creatures had. When the Great One arrived, all the animals offered grand gifts like colourful flowers, fresh fruits, tasty honey and beautiful songs. The grey squirrel humbly offered all the seeds and nuts that he collected. He was sad that he did not have anything better to offer to the Great One. The Great One thought about all the gifts that she received. She did not choose any of the grand or beautiful gifts. Instead she gave the prize to the little grey squirrel. She explained to the animals that if the seeds are sown, new trees will grow and will bear more fruit. She tells the animals that their gifts are temporary but the squirrel’s gift was 'a gift not only for today but also for all our tomorrows'. All the creatures were very impressed with the squirrel's gift and cheered him. UNIT 1 22

SESSION 10 GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST – LITERATURE 10.1 Literature - QA Q1. “There was excitement in the air.” Why? A. Preparations for the Great Day were going on. All the animals, birds and trees of the forest would have to give their best to the Great One who will be visiting the forest, who would choose the best among them. So, there was excitement in the air. Q2. Who will sing a song? A. The lark will sing a song. Q3. How was the squirrel? Why? A. The squirrel was in despair because he thought he had nothing special to offer to the Great One. He was sad as he neither had the beauty nor the talent that the other creatures had to offer to the Great One, Q4. Who was the winner of the contest? A. The little grey squirrel was the winner of the contest. Q5. Why did the Great One give prize to the squirrel? A. The squirrel offered nuts and seeds of different trees that he gathered. When the Great One saw his gift, she gave the prize to the grey squirrel. She explained to the animals that if the seeds are sown, new trees will grow and will bear more fruit. She tells the animals that their gifts are temporary but the squirrel’s gift was 'a gift not only for today but also for all tomorrows'. Q6. If you were the judge, who would get the prize? Why? Give reasons for your answer. A. If I were the judge, the little grey squirrel would get the prize because the gift offered by him represented not just the present but also the future. UNIT 1 23

----------------- CCE Based Practice Questions ---------- Chapter-1. PEACE AND HARMONY Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Passage) Session 1 1. Read the following passage to answer the questions given below. UNITED WE STAND; DIVIDED WE FALL Once upon a time, three sons were engaged in a merchandise business under the supervision of their father. They were very rich. Each son was proficient in his own department. One was good in sales, the second was competent in purchases and the third in finance. Unluckily, one day, the father fell ill and was bedridden and the sons decided to divide the business under the fallacy that each of them was an expert in his own way and could handle his individual business solely. The father was glum and grumpy with their decision but was helpless and unfortunately, the division took place. As a result, they became each other's competitors. With the passage of time, they started suffering and incurred huge losses in their respective businesses. They tried all possible ways to succeed but the situation became worse. They finally came to their father for advice. The father said, \"When you all were doing the business jointly, it ran successfully. But it was not any one of you who was solely responsible for the success of the business, rather the talents of all three of you put together made the business successful\". The sons realised their mistake and reunited. So we conclude that disunity always leads to ruin. I. Choose the right answer. 1. What were the three brothers involved in? [] [] A. merchandise B. farming C. computers 2. The second brother was proficient in the field of __________ A. sales B. purchase C. inventory 3. When the father fell ill, the sons _________. [] A. enhanced the business B. acquired other businesses C. divided the business UNIT 1 24

PEACE AND HARMONY 4. The father was ___________ with his sons’ decision. [] A. happy B. sad C. excited 5. The three brothers became _____ after separating from one another. [] A. competitors B. friends C. enemies II. Answer the following questions. 1. Which areas did the three brothers excel in? 2. Why was the father unhappy with the decision of his children? 3. What happened when the three brothers became rivals of each other? 4. Was the decision of the three brothers to separate from each other a wise one? 5. What was the advice the father gave the brothers about their loss? III. Write the meaning of the following words from the passage. Word Meaning engaged supervision proficient worse competence UNIT 1 25

PEACE AND HARMONY IV. Write whether the following statements are True or False 1. The division of the business allowed all the brothers to succeed. [] 2. The father made a glum face at his sons’ decision. [] 3. Their combined talent helped the business to flourish. [] 4. The sons became partners in the business when their father fell ill. [] 5. Ultimately, the three sons took their father’s advice. [] 2. Read the following passage to answer the questions given. Once upon a time, there was a poor traveller. He had no money and was wandering in the streets of Ak-Shehir. He only had dry pieces of bread in his pocket. He passed an eating-house serving meatballs. He took the dry pieces of bread from his pocket and held it over a pot containing meatballs and ate the dry bread. Looking at this, the eating-house owner took the poor traveller to court demanding money for smelling the meatballs without paying him. Naseeruddin Hodja, the judge, gave the owner imaginary money by jingling coins against his ears and said that the sound of money was a fair payment for the smell of the food. By doing so, Naseeruddin cleverly helped the poor traveller and allowed him to continue his journey. I. Choose the correct option and write in the brackets. 1. What kind of a man was the traveller? [ ] A. rich and clever B. poor and had no money wealthy and wise C. cruel and humorous D. 2. The traveller had dry pieces of ______ in his pocket. [] A. bread B. fruit C. vegetables D. food II. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences. 3. What was the eating-house serving? 4. Name the three characters in the passage. 5. Where did the eating-house owner take the traveller to? UNIT 1 26

PEACE AND HARMONY 6. What was the judgment pronounced by Naseeruddin Hodja? Vocabulary Session 2 I. Write the comparative and the superlative degrees of the given adjectives. Adjective Comparative degree Superlative degree bad difficult easy little interesting II. Fill in the blanks with the opposite words to the words in bold. 1. The storybooks are kept in the bag. I took one __________. 2. Tony and his father went to the park and __________ back after an hour. 3. Tom and Jerry are enemies but sometimes they become __________. 4. My hair is wet. I am waiting for it to get __________ so that I can comb it well. 5. The boy who sits in the front seat is taller than the one who sits in the __________ seat. III. For the given words find words with similar meaning. 1. A synonym of tired is: [ ] [ ] A. bored B. desperate C. exhausted D. delighted [ ] [ ] 2. A synonym of scared is: A. brave B. cry C. ghost D. afraid 3. A synonym of use is: A. acquire B. lend C. utilise/avail D. raise 4. A synonym of guide is: A. deliver B. steer C. save D. reach UNIT 1 27

PEACE AND HARMONY 5. A synonym of real is: [] A. genuine B. safe C. fake D. false Grammar Session 3 I. Complete the statements with the comparative form of the adjectives given below. 1. Vicky is __________ (quick) at basketball than Nikhil. 2. Today the weather is __________ (warm) than yesterday’s. 3. Gel pens are __________ (durable) than ballpoint pens. 4. Yesterday’s party was __________ (enjoyable) than the one before. 5. We both played well, but she was __________ (lucky) than me. II. Make sentences with the comparative/superlative degrees of the adjectives given below: 1. Interest- (comparative) 2. Popular- (comparative) 3. Fast- (superlative) 4. Bad- (superlative) 5. Narrow- (comparative) III. Complete the passage choosing the right word from those given below it. This story is about ____ _ (1) jackal and how it tricked a tiger into saving ____ _ (2) innocent farmer. After opening the cage, the tiger wanted to eat the farmer. When the farmer called the tiger cruel, the tiger said _________(3) man is cruel, not tigers. They first approached a horse who said that man was cruel. Then they approached a jackal. UNIT 1 28

PEACE AND HARMONY The jackal_________ clever and wanted to save the innocent farmer, so he asked the tiger to show how the _________(5) had opened the cage and released him. To show that, the tiger went into the cage and the jackal shut the cage and saved the farmer from getting eaten up. 1. A. the B. an C. of D. a 2. A. a B. the C. an D. its 3. A. which B. who C. whom D. that 4. A. were B. is C. was D. which 5. A. farmer B. jackal C. tiger D. horse Conventions of Writing Session 4 I. Rewrite the following passage with punctuaton (.) (!) (?) etc., and capitalisation wherever necessary. This passage is about friends there are true and false friends true friends are people who have a bond of love natural trust understanding and loyalty a true friend is the one who is always on your side irrespective of good or bad times they help you by making sacrifices they always encourage you and are never jealous of your achievements II. Read the passage below and analyse it in terms of cause and consequence. One has been done for you. Once there was a small boy named Shankar. He belonged to a poor family. One day, he was passing through the forest carrying some wood. He saw an old man who was very hungry. Shankar wanted to give him some food, but he did not have food with him. On his way, he saw a deer that was very thirsty. UNIT 1 29

PEACE AND HARMONY He wanted to give him some water but he did not have water for himself. So he went on his way ahead. Then he saw a man who wanted to make a camp fire but he did not have wood. Shankar asked his problem and gave him some wood for the fire. In return, the man gave him some food and water. Now, he went back to the old man and gave him some food and gave some water to the deer. The old man and the deer were very happy. Shankar then happily returned. Cause Consequence Shankar belonged to a poor family. He had no food to share with the old man. Shankar gave the man some firewood The old man and the deer were saved. Creative Writing Session 5 I. Design an invitation card inviting your friends and their families for the birthday party of your sister who is turning six years old. Hints: Birthday Invite Sunita is-celebrating her 6th birthday-you are invited-Saturday,April 4th 4-7 pm-our house. UNIT 1 30

PEACE AND HARMONY II. You are celebrating Science and Technology day in your school. For this celebration, you are having an interaction with an eminent scientist whom you have invited. Write a script for compering the event using the clues given below. (Invite the dignitaries onto the stage, invite each of them to speak, invite the chief guest to inaugurate the model exhibition, thank them all for participating and making the event successful) UNIT 1 31

Chapter-2. I WANT PEACE Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Poem) Session 6 1. Read the poem to answer the questions. Peace is an easy path to tread Path of peace -Paul McCann Peace is where our fears are mislaid Peace is beginning to restore Peace for each man, woman and child Peace for the troubled streets gone wild Peace is for the old and the young Peace in the end will overcome Peace builds trust into a lifestyle Peace is a friendly open hand Peace is a place to understand Peace in the end will overcome Peace is for the old and the young Peace is a legacy to leave Peace is when we don't have to grieve Peace is an end to all the hatred Peace is why we negotiate Peace for all the victims of war I. Choose the right answer. 1. For whom is peace is restored? [ ] ] A. fear B. trees C. journey D. people ] 2. What does peace build into the lifestyle? [ D. sadness A. trouble B. trust C. happiness 3. Why is peace an ‘open friendly hand’? [ A. It’s just a hand C. It’s always a way to friendship B. It’s a way to war D. It’s a way to fight UNIT 1 32

I WANT PEACE 4. What will peace do in the end? [] A. Overcome all difficulties B. It won’t overcome anything C. It’s no means D. None of the above 5. We need not grieve when there is peace because …… [] A. Peace brings happiness B. There is no grief at all C. Grief comes and goes D. None of the above II. Write the meanings of the given words from the poem. Word Meaning tread mislaid trust restore lifestyle 2. Read the poem to answer the questions. The hills and mountains are inviting, The forests and valleys are amazing, I wish I could live here forever, Or come often to sit by the gushing river. Nature’s beauty isn’t temporary, It lasts forever and calms when I am weary, I admire all this and forget my worries, When everyone just runs and hurries. I. Answer the following questions choosing the right option. 1. In the poem, how are the forests and the valleys described as? [] A. gushing B. weary C. inviting D. amazing UNIT 1 33

I WANT PEACE II. Answer the following questions in two or three sentences. 2. What does the poet admire? 3. Write down some of the pairs of rhyming words. UNIT 1 34

Chapter-3. GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Passage) Session 7 1. Read the passage and answer the questions. THREE FISH AND THE FISHERMEN Long, long ago, there lived three fish with their families in a pond. Their names were Anagatavidhata, Pratyutpannamati and Yadbhavishya. Anagatavidhata was very practical. She always planned her actions in advance. Pratyutpannamati too was practical and always tendered good advice to her elder sister Anagatavidhata. Yadbhavishya, the youngest of them, loved to laze around. She didn't like to work at all. One day, some fishermen came to the pond. One of them said, \"This is the pond I was telling you about. There are many fish in this pond. Let's come here tomorrow and catch all of them.\" Anagatavidhata overheard the fishermen’s talk. She gathered all the fish in the pond and narrated them what she had heard about. She said, \"Its better that we move out of here to some other safer pond. Our life will at least be safe.\" Everybody agreed to this proposal including Pratyutpannamati. But Yadbhavishya said, \"Why should we run like cowards from this pond? Let the fishermen come. We'll see to it together that we're not caught in the net. Besides, who knows the fishermen would really turn up here. After all, everyone has to die one day, so why be afraid of death?\" But Anagatavidhata and Pratyutpannamati didn't agree with Yadbhavishya's ideas. They moved out to another pond with their families to live with their other near and dear ones. The next morning, the fishermen came to the pond. They cast their net in the pond and trapped Yadbhavishya and her family along with a large number of other fish living in that pond. I. Choose the right answer. 1. Which sister was very practical among the three? [] A. Anagatavidhata B. Pratyutpannamati C. Yadbhavishya 2. Which sister was lazy among the three? [] A. Anagatavidhata B. Pratyutpannamati C. Yadbhavishya UNIT 1 35

GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST 3. Which sister overheard the fishermen talking? [ ] ] A. Anagatavidhata B. Pratyutpannamati C. Yadbhavishya 4. Who did not believe that fisherman would turn up? [ A. Anagatavidhata B. Pratyutpannamati C. Yadbhavishya 5. Who paid the price for not planning her future? [ ] Pratyutpannamati A. Anagatavidhata B. Yadbhavishya C. II. Answer the questions given below. 1. What made the three sisters different from each other? 2. Why did the fishermen decide to come to the pond the next day? 3. Why did Yadbhavishya not agree with her sister? What was the excuse she gave? 4. What does the story teach us? UNIT 1 36

GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST III. Write the meanings of the following words from the passage. Word Meaning practical tendered laze overheard gathered 2. Read the passage and answer the questions. Mohan’s grandparents are old. They live on their farm in a village called Mayurpur. They are happy. The village is small with only about a hundred villagers as residents. They are mainly farmers. Mohan’s grandfather said to him, “I am the oldest person in this village. I know others very well. You must come here once in a year at least and spend some time with us.” Mohan smiled and said, “Yes, grandpa. I am happy with you all here. I love you all. I like the greenery and open fields here and the hills look beautiful. So, I will keep coming.” I. Choose the correct option and write in the brackets. 1. Mohan’s grandparents were _____________. [ ] D. cruel A. rich B. old C. poor 2. Where did they live? [ ] D. village A. own B. foreign C. city II. Answer the following questions in one or two sentences. 3. Describe the village and the people living in it. 4. How often did Mohan’s grandfather ask him to come to the village and why? UNIT 1 37

GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST Vocabulary Session 8 I. Rewrite the words of the passage following the directions. Rajvardhan was a great ruler. People in his kingdom were happy. He called and spoke to them very often. He met them every week. They respected and trusted him. Once he fell sick. He gradually became weak. An old hermit came from a nearby forest and crushed some herbs. He mixed it with the King’s food and gave it to him. He also prayed for the king’s recovery. The next morning the King felt better. 1. Write the synonym of the word ‘ruler’. 2. Write the antonym of the word ‘sick’. 3. Give two adjectives from the passage. 4. Give two adverbs from the passage. 5. Write the comparative and the superlative degree of the word ‘great’. II. Read the passage given below. Five sentences in the passage are numbered (1 - 5). Each of these has an error. Correct and rewrite them below. One day Shankar fell down the hill. (1) He was of pain but he couldn’t move and no one was there to help him. The old man who he had helped before saw him. (2) He quickly come and pulled him up. (3) He had much wounds on his legs. (4) A deer that Shankar had given water saw his wounds and quickly went to the forest and brought some herbs. (5) After some time, his wounds were heeled. The deer and the old man were very happy that they were able to help Shankar. UNIT 1 38

GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST Grammar Session 9 I. Complete the passage choosing the right word from those given below it. James was born _____(1) a fisherman’s family in a small village in Goa. He _________(2) out in a boat every day and caught fish. He often went far _________(3) the sea and came back only in the evening. One day, he _________(4) a big fish. The fish said, “Please leave me and put me back into the sea.” James thought for a moment and he _________(5) the fish back into the sea. The fish was thankful to James and blessed him with riches. 1. A. on B. of C. to D. at 2. A. went B. go C. gone D. comes 3. A. on B. into C. to D. of 4. A. bought B. catches C. catch D. caught 5. A. through B. threw C. throw D. throws II. Identify the adverb of frequency in each of the sentences given below: 1. I never go jogging at night. 2. She rarely listens to classical music. 3. My watch frequently stops working during the day. 4. I often help my sister with her homework. 5. I always eat fruits and vegetables. III. Rewrite the sentences by putting the adverbs of frequency in the right place. 1. He listens to the radio. (often) UNIT 1 39

2. They read a book. GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST 3. Rita gets angry. (sometimes) 4. Rahul is very friendly. (never) 5. Chris drinks water after dinner. (usually) (seldom) Study Skills Session 10 I. Study the following table to answer the questions given below. Answer the following questions based on the table of contents given above. 1. How many chapters are there in the book? UNIT 1 40

GRAND CONTEST IN THE FOREST 2. Which chapter starts on page eight? 3. How long is the chapter ‘Leaves in Spring’? 4. From which page does the chapter “Tree Parts” start? UNIT 1 41

UNIT 2 SESSION 1 TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE – READING Oral Discourse Select any one of the above pictures and talk about it. Hints: • Choose any of the two monuments or the dance • Talk about the historical importance of it. • Discuss if you have seen it ( or would like to see it) 1.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Noun emotion fervour a strong feeling (here) excitement; of enthusiasm a strong feeling such as joy, hatred, sorrow, or fear dialect fete public celebration a form of language that is spoken in a specific region or by a specific group of people antiques significance things that are importance old and valuable portrait weaver a painting of a person one who makes cloth UNIT 2 42

pattern LESSON 1-TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE an arrangement of a design prominence importance invocation prayer immerse to put into water Verb revive culminate to make active again; reach the end to bring back into use of something or popularity weave dedicate to make cloth to devote on a loom religious tolerance preserve accepting the to keep in feelings of all good condition religions Phrases 43 red letter day a very important day UNIT 2

LESSON 1-TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE 1.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary In this lesson, we learn about the culture and heritage of Telangana. Kiran notices his father Hari getting emotional after reading the newspaper. Hari tells his son about the creation of Telangana as the 29th state of India. He is emotional that many people have sacrificed their lives for a separate Telangana state. Hari explains that as a separate state, there are more chances for employment and inclusive development for the people. Moreover, the state can now revive its culture and language. The language of Telangana is a dialect, a variant of Telugu. Earlier, it had not been given the status of a language and was humiliated on many occasions. Laxmi, Kiran’s mother explains the main festivals of Telangana - Bonalu, Bathukamma and Peerla Panduga. She tells them that Bonalu, a state festival, is celebrated during the Aashaadam month as thanksgiving to the goddess Mahankali for fulfilling our wishes. lndu, Kiran’s sister asks about Bathukumma festival. Laxmi tells them that Bathukamma festival is celebrated as part of Dussehra. Women carry beautifully stacked Bathukamma with Tangedu, Gunugu and Chamanthi flowers to the meeting points. They gather around the Bathukamma in a large circle and sing songs. Kiran then asks his father about Moharram. Hari explains that the festival of Moharram is a symbol of religious tolerance. Peerlu are kept at village points. They are later immersed in the local lakes and tanks. Continuing the discussion, Laxmi praises the exquisite sarees created by the weavers of Pochampally, Gadwal and Narayanpet. She tells them that the weavers of Sircilla produce sarees that fit in a match box. The wooden toys of Nirmal steal the hearts of everyone. Hari tells the children the Samakka and Saralamma jatara of Medaram and Warangal which draw people from all over the world. He adds that there are several places of attraction in Telangana like Hyderabad, Nagarjuna Sagar, Yadadri, Vemulavada, Alampur, Sri Rangapuraram and Bhadrachalam. Kiran recalls that the Salar Jung Museum of Hyderabad is one of the three national museums which has antiques and portraits collected by a single person. Indu remembers their visit to the Golconda fort where Bhakta Ramdasu was once imprisoned. Laxmi tells the children that the work of the great Telangana poet Bammera Pothana’s Bhagavatham is known for its literary fragrance. Poets like Kencherla Gopanna, known as Bhakta Ramadasu, Mallinganti Suri, Kaloji Narayan Rao, Dasharathi Ranga Charyulu and Dasharathi Krishnama Charyulu are the jewels of Telangana. Finally, Hari narrates about Oggu Katha - a very popular folklore singing and praising of Mellarma, Beerappa and Yellamma. He proudly says that the famous Perini Shiva Tandavam is a dance form that originated in Telangana. Lastly, Hari hopes that the government takes necessary steps to preserve the temples, antiques, art forms, literature and language that contribute to rich culture and heritage of the Telangana state. He hopes that the people do the needful to preserve them. UNIT 2 44

SESSION 2 TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE – LITERATURE 2.1 Literature - QA Q1. Why do you think Hari was so emotional? A. Hari was emotional on the formation of Telangana as the 29th state of India. He remembered the martyrs who sacrificed their lives for the state. Q2. What was the long lasting dream of the people? How did it become true? A. The long lasting dream of the people was the formation of a separate state. It became true with the formation of Telangana as the 29th state of India. Q3. How is our culture manifested? A. Our culture is manifested through our language, dance, festivals and art forms. Q4. What is your favourite festival? Why do you like it? A. Encourage the students to think creatively and formulate their own answers. Q5. What should we do to preserve our culture? A. The temples, antiques, art forms, literature and our language contribute to our culture and heritage. We can preserve them by: i. learning about our traditions and practice them ii. speaking our native language iii. sharing our cultural art iv. spending time with other members of the community. Q6. What should the government do to preserve our culture and heritage? A. Some steps that the government can take to preserve our culture and heritage are: i. conduct various awareness programs to preserve our culture and heritage ii. encourage speaking vernacular language iii. ensure structural conservation and chemical preservation of monuments Q7. Say whether the following statements are True or False. Correct the false statements. A. i. Bonalu is celebrated as part of Dasara. (False) ii. The ghatams are immersed in the local tanks and ponds. (False) iii. Siricilla weavers produce excellent sarees with attractive patterns. (True) iv. Peerla Panduga is the symbol of religious tolerance. (True) v. We can see a large number of antiques in the Salar Jung Museum. (True) Correction of the false statements: 1. Bonalu is celebrated during Aashaadam. 2. The ghatams are offered to the local goddesses. UNIT 2 45

SESSION 3 TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE – VOCABULARY 3.1 Vocabulary Read the following sentences focusing on the underlined words. i. We saw the jubilant procession. ii. Oggu Katha is a very popular folklore. iii. The sarees of Pochampally, Gadwal and Narayanpet are very popular for their attractive patterns. The underlined words help us to express our opinion. They are opinion adjectives. Complete the following passage using the adjectives given in the box. small, attractive, flightless, different A. Squirrels are attractive animals and so everyone likes them. They are found in different colours. They are flightless but can move very fast. They eat nuts, fruits and sometimes insects. They are small because they can only jump short distances. Most of the squirrels live in tree holes. They even store their food there. UNIT 2 46

SESSION 4 TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE – GRAMMAR 4.1 Grammar I. Using Linkers Read the following from the narrative. i. “Now, there is more scope for development. Moreover, we can revive our culture.” ii. We celebrate the main festivals as well as the regional festivals. iii. Besides, we have jataras . iv. And the Salar Jung Museum is one of the three national museums. v. Not only that, our great poets contributed to our rich culture. The highlighted expressions help us in linking our ideas. Q1. Rewrite the following using the linkers given in brackets Swati is a well–known singer. She sings Telugu songs. She sings Hindi songs.(and). Moreover, she is a student of computer science. She works on computers. She designs programmes (not only –but also). She likes music very much. She likes books. (besides). A. Swati is a well–known singer. She sings Telugu and Hindi songs. Moreover, she is a student of computer science. She not only works on computers, but also designs programmes. Besides music, likes books. II. Editing Read the following passage. There is an error in each sentence. Identify and edit it. Q2. Laxmi was reading a story–book sitting of a tram, It were very interesting. The story was about an wise man. Just then, an old man came there. He was not able to carry his luggages. He asking Laxmi’s father, “Can you please help me?” He helped the old man. A. Laxmi was reading a story–book sitting in a tram. It was very interesting. The story was about a wise man. Just then, an old man came there. He was not able to carry his luggage. He asked Laxmi’s father, “Can you please help me?” He helped the old man. UNIT 2 47

SESSION 5 TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE – WRITING 5.1 Writing Q. Your school planned a picnic to a place of cultural importance in your district. Write a conversation between you and your friend about it. You may use the following. –Place selected for the visit –Its importance –Need to visit Me : Hello! Amit, are you coming to the picnic that our school planned us? Amit : Of course! I wouldn't miss it. I have always wanted to see Nirmal. Me : Yes. Me too. I have heard so much about Nirmal Toys and paintings. We also read about them. Now we will be able to see how these toys and paintings are made. Amit : Yes. Do you know that these toys have earned not only national, but also international recognition? Me : True. It is indeed an honour that the wooden toys and paintings from such a small city have become world famous. Amit : I heard that we will also be taken to see the Kuntala waterfalls there. Me : Kuntala falls is one of the largest waterfalls in south India. Amit : It is believed that the waterfalls were named after Shakuntala, the wife of King Dushyanth. Me : This trip is going to be awesome, Amit. I can hardly wait. Amit : Me too! UNIT 2 48

LESSON 1-TELANGANA, THE PRIDE OF THE PEOPLE Self–assessment How well did I write? Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no. I was able to explain / describe / narrate well. The sentences I used were properly connected. I was able to express my ideas in apt words. The ideas were arranged in proper sequence. I used proper punctuation marks. How well did I edit my work? Fill in the boxes using yes / somewhat / no. I deleted the excess words. I corrected the wrong forms of words. I corrected the punctuation errors. I added new words wherever necessary. I corrected the misspelt words. UNIT 2 49