202110221-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SCIENCE-G06-PART1

12. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.2)] You observe that iron fillings in the presence of magnet, concentrate at two points in the sheet. What doubts arise in your mind? What are the questions you will ask to clarify? AS3-Experimentation and field investigation Long Answer Type Questions 13. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.3)] How can you test strength of magnet? Prove it with experiment CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 49

14. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.2)] Write an experiment to show directional property of a bar magnet. (ii) [(Session 2.2)] Write a procedure to prove that a pin holder contains a magnet? CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 50

AS4-Information skills and projects Very Short Answer Type Questions 15. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 2.1 ] (i) It was observed that a pencil sharpener gets attracted by both the poles of a magnet although its body is made of plastic. Name a material that might have been used to make some part of it. (ii) Identify two objects in your house where you can stick a magnetic sticker. Short Answer Type Questions 16. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.3)] Write a brief report on how can we store magnets? CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 51

Long Answer Type Questions 17. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.3)] Collect information to know how a compass is used by sailors and army personnel ? 18. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.2)] The table has information about some of the materials that are seen around us. Indicate what happens when you bring a magnet near each of them. The first one is done for you. CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 52

S.No. Objects Attracts Repels No N.P. S.P. Change 1 Iron nails 2 Chalk 3 Metal sticker 4 Compass . 5 Hair pin 6 Eraser 7 Plastic spoon 8 Safety Pin 9 Pin Stand 10 Gold Ring 11 Cloth From the above information, what do you conclude about the important property of magnets? CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 53

AS6-Appreciation and aesthetic sense, Values Long Answer Type Questions 19. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.2)] Describe your feelings when you are able to create your own magnet. How do you appreciate the role of scientists who have discovered this ? AS7-Application to daily life, concern to bio diversity Short Answer Type Questions 20. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 2.3)] Write suitable examples to show the importance of magnets in daily life ? CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 54

(ii) [(Session 2.3)] List out the importance of earth’s magnetic field. Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 21. Choose the correct answer. (i) The north pole of a freely suspended magnet shows geographical (A) east (B) south (C) west (D) north (ii) Natural magnet that has the property of attracting iron is (A) Lodestone (B) Alloys (C) Steel (D) Gold (iii) The parts of the bar magnet which have more attracting power are its CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 55

(A) Sides (B) Poles (C) Middle (D) Inside (iv) Which of these materials are non–magnetic? (A) Cloth (B) Gold (C) Wood (D)All of them (v) Magnet can be used in which of these? (A) Refrigerator doors (B) Paper bag (C)Pin stand (D)A and C (vi) If you bring 2 magnets together, the north and south pole will each other (A) repel (B) attract (C)no reaction (D)none of them (vii) The poles of a freely suspended bar magnet will point in the (A) North–south direction (B) East–west direction (C)North–east direction (D)South–west direction (viii) A ring magnet has pole on its (A) Left and right side (B) Exterior and interior part (C)Curved part (D)None of these (ix) If we put a bar magnet close to a safety pin but not touching it, the safety pin will be (A) Remain in place (B) Attracted to it (C)Repel it (D)None of these (x) Two similar poles will (B) Attract each other (D)None of these (A) Repel each other (C)Have no change CHAPTER 2. PLAYING WITH MAGNETS 56

3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? SESSION 1 FORMS OF WATER 1.1 Mind Map SESSION 1. FORMS OF WATER 57

1.2 Terminology i. Evaporation – The process of water changing into water vapour is called evaporation. ii. Solid form – The dense substance formed by the freezing of water to the solid state is known as the solid form of water. iii. Liquid form – Water (chemical formula: ) is a transparent liquid form which forms the world’s streams, lakes, oceans and rain, and is the major constituent of the fluids of organisms. iv. Gaseous form – The gaseous form of water is water vapour which is present in the air around us. 1.3 Key Concepts i. Rain is a natural phenomenon occurring in our daily life. ii. Water falling in drops from atmosphere is generally termed as rain. iii. Water is present in three states i.e. solid, liquid and gas. These three forms are inter–convertible. iv. When sunlight falls on water or when water is heated, it gets vaporized and mixes with the air. v. This process of conversion of liquid water to gaseous form (water vapor) is called as evaporation. 1.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. Explain the relationship between heat of the sun and evaporation. [Refer to TB page 28 Q4] A. i. Evaporation is a natural process which takes place on the Earth. ii. Water evaporates continuously from the surfaces of water bodies like seas, oceans, rivers, ponds etc., and changes into water vapour due to the heat sup- plied by sunlight. iii. If the sun’s heat is more, water evaporates more. SESSION 1. FORMS OF WATER 58

Q2. Which of the following days is more suitable for drying of washed clothes? Explain why? [Refer to TB page 29 Q7] a) Windy day b) Cloudy day A. A Windy day is more suitable for drying of washed clothes than a cloudy day as rate of evaporation increases with wind and clothes dry up faster. 1.5 Information Skills and Projects Q1. Visit your school library or Internet, collect information about (Kashmir) Dal Lake regard- ing in which season water in the lake becomes ice and snow fall is very high and why the place attracts more tourists? [Refer to TB page 29 Q9] A. i. During winter season, the temperature sometimes reaches less than 1°C, freezing the lake. ii. Heavy snow fall may occur during the latter part of winter. iii. A thick blanket of snow over Srinagar is giving it a wonderful look attracting more tourists. SESSION 1. FORMS OF WATER 59

SESSION 2 CONDENSATION, CLOUDS AND RAIN 2.1 Mind Map 2.2 Terminology i. Cloud –A visible mass of condensed watery vapour floating in the atmosphere, typi- cally high above the general level of the ground. ii. Condensation – The process of conversion of water vapour into water is called condensation. iii. Atmosphere –The envelope of gases surrounding the earth or another planet. SESSION 2. CONDENSATION, CLOUDS AND RAIN 60

iv. Stream –A small narrow river. v. Droplets –A very small drop of a liquid. vi. Rain – Rain is condensed moisture from the atmosphere that drops on the Earth as water. vii. Hailstones – Sometimes big drops of water solidify into ice and fall as pieces of ice known as hailstones. viii. Breeze – A light current of air; a gentle wind. ix. Wind –A natural movement of air of any velocity 2.3 Key Concepts i. Clouds are formed by natural heating up of water in ponds, lakes, rivers by sun through a process called evaporation. ii. The clouds thus formed may cause rain by a process called condensation. iii. Condensation can be defined as a process of conversion of water vapor to liquid water. iv. When the size of the water drops increases further it becomes difficult for the cloud to hold them and water drops begin to fall. This is called ‘Rain’ 2.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. When do clouds become cool? [Refer to TB page 28 Q3] A. i. The clouds formed on the surface of the different water bodies do not stay there. ii. They start to move from one place to another in the direction of winds. iii. As more clouds come together they become loaded with water vapour. iv. Winds bring the clouds from the sea to the land. v. The colder air in the upper layers of the atmosphere cools the clouds. Q2. Why do we experience cloud like smoke near our mouth while we speak during the winter season? [Refer to TB page 28 Q5] SESSION 2. CONDENSATION, CLOUDS AND RAIN 61

A. i. In winter, the air in our atmosphere is very cool as compared to the air coming out from our mouth. ii. Water vapour present in the air coming out from our mouth gets cooled suddenly to form very tiny droplets. iii. These tiny droplets concentrated in a limited area, appear like smoke or a small cloud near our mouth. Q3. Correct the given sentence if necessary “If the size of the water drops decreases in the clouds, they can no longer hold the water drops.” [Refer to TB page 28 Q6] A. The sentence should be like this: “ If the size of the water drops increases in the clouds, they can no longer hold the water drops”. Q4. Which of the following statements are right or wrong [Refer to TB page 29 Q8] a) Evaporation takes place quickly when more heat is supplied. b) For condensation of water, it should be cooled. c) Water vapour is obtained from water by evaporation. A. All the statements are right a) Evaporation takes place quickly when more heat is supplied. b) For condensation of water, it should be cooled. c) Water vapour is obtained from water by evaporation. Q5. Why do clouds, once seen at a particular point, may not be there after some time? [Refer to TB page 29 Q11] A. i. The clouds formed on the surface of the different water bodies do not stay there. ii. They start to move from one place to another in the direction of the wind iii. As more clouds come together they become loaded with water vapour. iv. Winds bring the clouds from the sea to the land. v. That is why clouds once seen at a particular point, may not be there after some time. SESSION 2. CONDENSATION, CLOUDS AND RAIN 62

2.5 Asking Questions and Making Hypothesis Q1. Revanth blew air from his mouth onto the mirror while he was getting ready to go to school. He observed that the image in the mirror was not clear. Do you have any doubts to raise in this situation. Prepare questions on your doubts. [Refer to TB page 29 Q12] A. i. What happened to the mirror? Why is it not giving a clear image? ii. What is there in that Revanth blow from his mouth? iii. What is the role of the mirror in becoming blurred with the air blown by Revanth? iv. Why did the dampness on the mirror make the image blur? Q2. Why does the driver of a vehicle wipe the glass inside, even if the wiper is working on the outer surface of the glass when he drives in rain? [Refer to TB page 29 Q15] A. i. Wiper on the outer surface of the glass wipes the water falling on the outer surface of the glass. ii. Due to the condensation of water vapour inside the car the surface of the glass inside the car becomes damp and the driver cannot see the objects outside the vehicle through this glass. iii. So the driver wipes the glass inside the vehicle to remove the dampness formed on it. Q3. If condensation fails to occur in nature, what happens? [Refer to TB page 29 Q14] A. i. If condensation fails to occur the air will not get cooled. ii. As a result, the vapour form of water will not turn into liquid form. iii. Hence, we will not get rains. Q4. If it is raining in a village, you dont find rain in another village. Why do you think is it happening so? [Refer to TB page 29 Q14] A. Rain occurs when a cloud is holding too much water. The water condenses, forms droplets and falls.The reason it rains in some parts is because the clouds that are over the area of no rain do not contain enough water for it to rain. 2.6 Appreciation and Aesthetic Sense, Values Q1. How do you feel when you see the beauty of Rainbow in the sky? Express your feelings in the form of a song or a poem. [Refer to TB page 29 Q10] A. Students’ activity Clues : Colours of the rainbow, its shape, how the weather looks at that time. SESSION 2. CONDENSATION, CLOUDS AND RAIN 63

SESSION 3 WATER CYCLE 3.1 Mind Map 3.2 Terminology i. Water cycle – The circulation of water into water vapour by evaporation, water vapour to clouds and clouds to rain by condensation is known as “water cycle”. ii. Deforestation – Deforestation is the clearing of trees, transforming a forest into cleared land. iii. Droughts –A prolonged period of abnormally low rainfall, leading to a shortage of water. SESSION 3. WATER CYCLE 64

3.3 Key Concepts i. The circulation of water into gaseous form (water vapour) by evaporation, water vapour to clouds and clouds to liquid form (rain) by condensation is known as “water cycle”. ii. Rain water from clouds reach oceans and lakes through water cycle and this is a continuous process. iii. Now a days the atmospheric conditions are not favourable for clouds to get cooled. iv. Consequently, there is a decrease in rainfall. 3.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. How are clouds formed? [Refer to TB page 28 Q1] A. i. On a warm day, the sun heats up the ground as well as the water in seas, oceans, rivers, ponds etc. This water converts into water vapour by the process of evapo- ration. ii. This water vapour rises up into the atmosphere. iii. As we move away from the surface of the earth, the air becomes cooler. Hence, when water vapour reaches higher levels it condenses due to contact with cool air and forms small drops on water droplets. iv. These tiny droplets remain floating in air at higher levels of the atmosphere and appear as clouds. Q2. How does the rain water reach from clouds to rivers or oceans? [Refer to TB page 28 Q2] A. i. When it rains ponds, lakes etc., are filled with water. ii. Water from rainfall runs down as small streams. iii. These small streams join together and make bigger streams. iv. These bigger streams join the rivers. v. The rivers flow down to seas and oceans. vi. Some of these rain water seeps into the ground and becomes ground water. SESSION 3. WATER CYCLE 65

3.5 Communication Through Drawing and Model Making Q1. Draw a diagram to explain water cycle? [Refer to TB page 29 Q9] A. SESSION 3. WATER CYCLE 66

—— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 3.2 ] (i) The process of conversion of water vapour into water is called . (ii) During months of June–September, we get rains from monsoon. (iii) In winter, drops appear on the leaves of plants. (iv) North–East monsoons come in the months of . (v) Water vapour helps in the formation of . (vi) The falling of water droplets from cloud is called . (vii) Acid rain is the combination of and and other fossil fuels. from polluting clouds from nuclear reactor (viii) When clouds become they descend towards earth. (ix) Sometimes big drops of water solidify into ice and fall as pieces of ice known as (x) The colder air in the upper layers of the atmosphere the clouds. (warms/cools). 2. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 3.3 ] CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 67

(xi) What are hailstones? (xii) What leads water droplets present in the clouds to condense and form large water drops? (xiii) What happens to the rain water which seeps into the ground? 3. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 3.3 ] (xiv) During summer, large quantity of water from seas, rivers etc. (xv) and from factories are responsible for causing global warming. (xvi) Floods and droughts are caused due to disturbance in . (xvii) The cycle of and takes place continuously in nature. CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 68

4. Fill in the blanks. forms. [Refer to Session 3.1 ] (xviii) Water is available in nature in (xix) The three forms of water are . . (xx) The amount of heat absorbed by water affects its (evaporation, condensation). and if it is (xxi) When water is heated, it evaporates and converts into (xxii) Water in liquid form is present in . and (xxiii) The process of water changing into water vapour is called . (xxiv) When water vapour is cooled, it gets converted back into further cooled it becomes . (gas, water, ice). (xxv) The water vapour which enters into the air through the process of evaporation forms in the sky. (xxvi) Evaporation is a phenomenon/process. Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.2)] Why does smoke–like vapour comes out of our mouth during winter? CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 69

6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.3)] What are the factors that can disturb water cycle? Long Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.2)] Evaporation and condensation involve change in form of water. De- scribe both the processes. CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 70

8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.1)] Explain about three states of water. AS2-Asking questions and making hypothesis Short Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.2)] You have observed black clouds moving in the sky. What questions would you ask to find out more about these clouds? CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 71

(ii) [(Session 3.2)] One winter morning, while going for a walk you see drops of water over the grass and plants. Give reasons for this phenomenon. AS4-Information skills and projects Long Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.1)] Read the following experiment and answer the questions which follow: Take two pieces of cloth, wet them and squeeze out the extra water. Put one piece of cloth in a polythene bag and seal it. Spread the other cloth out in the sun and leave it. After half an hour observe the two pieces of cloth and answer the following: i. Did both the clothes dry up? ii. Which one dried earlier? iii. Why didn’t the other one dry? iv. What conditions are essential for drying? v. What did you conclude from this experiment? CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 72

AS5-Communication through drawing and model making Long Answer Type Questions 11. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.3)] Draw and label the water cycle. CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 73

AS6-Appreciation and aesthetic sense, Values Long Answer Type Questions 12. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 3.2)] 1. What are hailstones? Do you think hailstones cause damage? Find out what damages are caused. 2. How do you appreciate the role of monsoons in a farmer’s life? Will monsoons affect your life too? CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 74

Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 13. Choose the correct answer. (B) Oceans (i) Water is evaporated from (D)All the above (A) Seas (C) Rivers (ii) The process responsible for water in nature is . (A) water cycle (B) water circle (C)water way (D)all the above (iii) Which type of day is suitable for drying clothes? (A) Windy day (B) Sunny day (C)Cloudy day (D)A and B (iv) Evaporation of water from the water bodies is a (A) Seasonal process (B) Continuous process (C)Annual process (D)Temporary process (v) Three forms of water (Solid/Liquid/Gas) can be (A) Inter–converted (B) Unchangeable (C) Fused (D)A and B (vi) Condensation happens when water vapour (A) Cools down (B) Heats up (C)Remains the same (D)Is frozen (vii) When clouds cool, the size of the water droplets (A) Decreases in size (B) Increases (C)Remains unchanged (D)None of these (viii) The circulation of water into water vapour and then into clouds and then from clouds into rain is known as CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 75

(A) Water circle (B) Water cycle (C)Water table (D)Water flow (ix) Clouds formed above water bodies move to other places due to (A) Heat (B) Wind (C)Ocean current (D)All of the above (x) All clouds rain (A) do not cause (B) cause (C)never cause (D)both B and C CHAPTER 3. RAIN: WHERE DOES IT COME FROM? 76

4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? SESSION 1 INTRODUCTION, FINDING AND TRACKING DOWN OF FOOD 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology i. Food habits` –The way a person or group or any organism eats, considered in terms of what types of food are eaten, in what quantities, and when. ii. Herbivore – A herbivore is an animal that gets its energy from eating plants, and only plants. iii. Carnivore – A carnivore is an animal which eats mostly meat. iv. Omnivore – An omnivore is an animal that eats both plants and animals for their main food. 1.3 Key Concepts i. As human beings, animals also eat a wide variety of food. ii. Different animals have different eating habits. iii. For feeding animals need to locate or track the food for which they use wide range of senses like–smell, sound, hearing, taste, sight and touch. SESSION 1. INTRODUCTION, FINDING AND TRACKING DOWN OF FOOD 77

iv. Dogs use the sense of smell while vultures use vision. Bats depend more on hear- ing while some reptiles depend on taste to locate their food. v. Each group of animals has its own way of tracking and taking in food. vi. Animals are divided into three types on the basis of type of food they consume. They are carnivores, herbivores, omnivores. 1.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. Name some animals in your house which have the same kind of food habits. [Refer to TB page 41 Q1] A. Animals which have the same kind of food habits are Dogs and Cats Q2. Compare the legs and nails of a dog and hen and say why they are different? [Refer to TB page 41 Q3] A. i. The legs of a dog are strong enough to run in case of emergency. ii. The nails of dog are sharp and straight to hold the food material like bones. iii. The legs of a hen are thin and long to move fast with longer steps and the legs are useful to stand in waste materials for searching food. iv. The nails of hen are strong and slightly curved to scratch the ground with feet and eat worms. SESSION 1. INTRODUCTION, FINDING AND TRACKING DOWN OF FOOD 78

SESSION 2 COLLECTING FOOD 2.1 Mind Map SESSION 2. COLLECTING FOOD 79

2.2 Terminology i. Sucking – To draw (liquid) into the mouth by movements of the tongue and lips that create suction. ii. Picking –To take some things and leave others. iii. Chewing – To crush or grind with the teeth. iv. Swallowing –Cause or allow (something, especially food or drink) to pass down the throat. v. Rumination – The process of rechewing the cud to further break down plant matter and stimulate digestion is called rumination. 2.3 Key Concepts i. Carnivores that eat animals or flesh have sharp pointed teeth. ii. Many animals have specialized body parts such as mouth parts, hands or feet that help them to collect food. iii. Beaks of birds differ from one another depending upon the type of food they eat. iv. Crow and vultures keep our surrounding clean by eating waste, dead and rotten food materials. And are therefore called as natural scavengers. v. Finding food is one thing, but collecting or capturing it is quite another. vi. Pond skaters detect ripples produced in water by any other insect trapped on the water surface. SESSION 2. COLLECTING FOOD 80

2.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. Which animals in the forest depend on only plants or only animals for food? [Refer to TB page 41 Q8] A. i. Animals in the forest which depend on only plants for food deer, elephants, zebra and monkey ii. Animals in the forest which depend on only animals for food: Lion, tiger, fox, leop- ard. Q2. Fill up the following table [Refer to TB page 41 Q9] Body parts used to collect food Examples Beak Tongue Teeth Sucker Strong legs with claws A. Body parts used to collect food Examples Beak Hen, Parrot Tongue Frog, Lizard Teeth Dog, Cat Sucker Leeches Strong legs with claws Lion, Tiger SESSION 2. COLLECTING FOOD 81

Q3. Why do most carnivores live in forests? Give reasons. [Refer to TB page 41 Q10] A. i. Carnivores are flesh eating animals.Ex: Tiger, lion, fox, wolf etc. ii. They depend on grass eating animals like deer, giraffe, etc. iii. Forest has a vast grass lands and these herbivores can depend on them for food. iv. Carnivores hunt these animals for food. They cannot live on main land as they cannot get sufficient food. v. Most of the carnivores live in forest as they are wild animals. 2.5 Experimentation and Field Investigation Q1. Observe your surroundings or go to a nearby field and write about the following. [Refer to TB page 41 Q2] i. How does the cow eat the grass? ii. What tools are used while doing so? iii. In what way can you justify it is an herbivore? A. i. Cow chews food very quickly and swallows and stores it in a part of its stom- ach. After some time it takes food material back from the stomach to the mouth and chews again. This process is called rumination. ii. Cow moves its jaws and while doing so, its teeth and tongue also move. iii. Cow eats only grass and plant food. It never eats animals. Hence, cow is a herbivore. 2.6 Information Skills and Projects Q1. Go to a nearby pond where cranes are usually seen. Observe how they catch fish. Write about the process of catching fish. [Refer to TB page 41 Q4] A. i. Cranes stand silently in a pond without causing any disturbance in the water. ii. Cranes eat fish and frogs. iii. When fish moves in water, the waves in water gives a signal about the availability of its food to the crane. iv. The crane could calculate the distance of the fish from it and catches it instanta- neously with its long beak giving no scope for the fish to escape. SESSION 2. COLLECTING FOOD 82

SESSION 3 HOW MUCH AND HOW LITTLE 3.1 Terminology i. Suckers – An attachment organ of parasitic worms or an organ / other structure adapted for sucking nourishment or for clinging to objects by suction. ii. Sharp teeth –Teeth with sharp edges. iii. Hunting –The activity of chasing and killing animals for food or pleasure. iv. Nocturnal –The animals which are active during the night and sleeping during the day time are known as nocturnal animals. 3.2 Key Concepts i. Different animals require different amount of food. Such as the larva of a crane fly eats a lot but an adult crane fly does not eat at all. ii. For getting food, some animals need to hunt while some others do not hunt. iii. Different organisms use different organs to capture food. For Ex. Leeches have special structures called suckers in their mouth to suck blood. iv. Animals differ in their style and ways of eating food. v. Animals eating flesh have sharp teeth. Example Dogs, Lion, Fox etc. vi. Animals that hunt have strong legs to run, sharp claws to catch, sharp teeth to tear flesh. 3.3 Conceptual Understanding Q1. Name some animals which use tongue as a tool for taking in food. [Refer to TB page 41 Q5] A. i. Tongue is used by a dog and a frog as a tool for taking in food. ii. The dog licks with it while frog captures and swallows the food with it. iii. Lizard also captures its food by using its tongue. Q2. The butterfly uses –––––––––––––––to suck honey from flowers. [Refer to TB page 41 Q6] A. The butterfly uses its long hollow tongue to suck honey from flowers. SESSION 3. HOW MUCH AND HOW LITTLE 83

3.4 Experimentation and Field Investigation Q1. Do the following and record your observations : Collect, one or two earthworms and put them in a bottle containing wet soil. Close it with a lid which has holes. Observe how earthworms get their food. [Refer to TB page 41 Q7] A. The earthworm eats the organic material present in the wet soil. 3.5 Information Skills and Projects Q1. Write a play with dialogues between a parrot and a lion about their food habits and organs they use to get food. Act it with your friends Send it to school district children’s magazine. [Refer to TB page 42 Q15] A. Students’ Activity Using the Clues given here, write them as dialogues between a lion and a parrot. Lion is a carnivore, it eats flesh and meat. It needs to hunt for its food, It has sharp teeth. Parrot is a herbivore. It eats fruits and nuts . It uses its beak to hold the fruits and nuts. 3.6 Communication Through Drawing and Model Making Q1. Identify the given animal: i. What does it eat? ii. Which part of the body helps it in eating? [Refer to TB page 42 Q16] A. The given animal is an ant eater. i. It eats ants. ii. Tongue helps it in eating. SESSION 3. HOW MUCH AND HOW LITTLE 84

SESSION 4 FOOD CHAIN 4.1 Mind Map 4.2 Terminology i. Food chains – Food chain is the connection between animals on the basis of their food habits. ii. Food web – Many food chains connected together as a web. 4.3 Key Concepts i. In Nature organisms rely on each other to live. Scientists sometimes describe this dependence using a food chain or a food web. ii. A food chain describes how different organisms eat each other, starting out with a plant and ending with an animal. iii. Each organism in a food chain is connected to the other depending upon its food habits. iv. There are many food chains and, generally, most plants and animals are part of sev- eral chains. When all the chains are drawn together we get a web of chains called as a food web. SESSION 4. FOOD CHAIN 85

4.4 Conceptual Understanding Q1. Identify which of the following statements are wrong and give reasons. [Refer to TB page 42 Q13] a) That which lives in water cannot eat animals. b) Elephants and deer are herbivores living in the forest. c) Birds’ beaks are designed to suit their food habits. d) Sharp claws are useful for hunting. e) Most of the food chains end with herbivorous animals A. (a) That which lives in water cannot eat animals. 1) This statement is wrong. There are many animals living in water which eat animals. 2) For example, a blue whale in the sea eats tiny animals called krill. e) Most of the food chains end with herbivorous animals. 1) This statement is wrong. Most of the herbivores animals are mild and soft. 2) The food chain normally ends with carnivores animals which are wild. 4.5 Asking Questions and Making Hypothesis Q1. If you want to understand more about food chains what questions would you ask? [Refer to TB page 42 Q14] A. i. What is the use of food chain? ii. What happens if food chain is disturbed? iii. Is there any food chain system in deserts? iv. How many types of food chains can we observe on earth? v. What does every food chain start with ? vi. How do we draw a food chain? vii. Is food chain a straight line or can it be branched? SESSION 4. FOOD CHAIN 86

4.6 Information Skills and Projects Q1. Prepare a scrap book of animals and separate them into carnivores, omnivores and herbivores. [Refer to TB page 41 Q12] A. Students’ Activity Clues : Collect pictures of all the different types of animals . Classify them into omni- vores, carnivores and herbivores and stick them in the appropriate page 4.7 Communication Through Drawing and Model Making Q1. Make your own food chain and display it in your class room. [Refer to TB page 41 Q11] A. Students’ Activity A reference image is given below. SESSION 4. FOOD CHAIN 87

—— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 4.1 ] (i) Examples for herbivores are . (ii) Pond skaters detect in the pond and find their food. (iii) and are major source of food in our surroundings. (iv) Animals which depend only on plants for food are called . (v) Animals locate their food by using wide range of senses like . and (vi) Animals that depend on other animals for food are called . (vii) Dogs find their food by . (viii) Some examples for omnivores are . (ix) Animals that eat both plants and animals are called as . (x) Some examples for carnivore animals . are CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 88

2. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 4.3 ] (xi) Animals which hide during day time and search for their food during night are known as . (xii) Food chains cannot be represented by a . (xiii) Leeches have special structures in their mouth called . (xiv) Food chain explains the of diverse organisms in nature. (xv) Teeth of ducks act as to get food from water. (xvi) Dogs eat food by using their sharp and . (xvii) Rabbits and squirrels eat seeds and tubers by using their . (xviii) Food chain starts with and ends with . 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 4.2 ] (xix) Which is not a scavenger among the following: Peacock, crow, vulture, all the above. 4. Fill in the blanks. are called natural scavengers. [Refer to Session 4.2 ] (xx) and CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 89

(xxi) Parrot has a beak. (xxii) Hens use their beaks to pick . 5. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 4.4 ] (xxiii) Give four examples of animals which have same food habits. (xxiv) Observe the following and connect them so as to form a food chain: Grass, frog, grasshopper, snake, eagle. 6. Fill in the blanks. [Refer to Session 4.4 ] (xxv) Ants are farmers. (good/bad). (xxvi) There are many animals that live in from huge elephants to tiny ants. (Colonies, groups, herds). 90 CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT?

(xxvii) The worker ants and food stock for others in the colony along with several other duties. Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.1)] A hungry dog searching for food, found it in a black polythene bag near the garbage dump. Give reasons why the dog was able to track the food even though it could not see it. Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.3)] Which animals use tongue as a tool for taking in food? Do their tongues have modifications? What are they? CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 91

9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.4)] What is a food chain and a food web? Give an example for each of them. AS2-Asking questions and making hypothesis Very Short Answer Type Questions 10. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 4.1 ] (i) If you wish to find earthworm where would you go? Give reason. CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 92

11. Answer the following questions in one sentence. [Refer to Session 4.2 ] (i) Rita says all organism have mouth parts adapted to their eating habits. How can you justify this statement by taking into account curved beak of parrots? Short Answer Type Questions 12. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.1)] You saw a pond skater move rapidly from one end of the pond to the other end to catch an insect. What questions will you ask to find out how this happened? (ii) [(Session 4.1)] Shyam observed cockroaches coming out from their kitchen sink dur- ing night time. What questions he could have asked his mother about them? CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 93

AS3-Experimentation and field investigation Long Answer Type Questions 13. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.2)] After observing a cow eating food, answer the following questions: i. What are the parts involved? ii. Do they use their teeth to chew food? iii. Do they chew the food immediately? iv. Why do they move their jaws when they relax? v. Name the process of chewing of food by cows. (ii) [(Session 4.2)] Observe and write how the frogs get their food. CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 94

(iii) [(Session 4.2)] Observe different types of birds in an open field or surrounding area and write down how they use their beaks. CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 95

AS4-Information skills and projects Long Answer Type Questions 14. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.2)] Animals use their senses to track their food. In the table below, read the information given and answer the questions which follow: Senses used by animals i. Which animal uses maximum senses to track their food? ii. How does the hen use its touch to find food? iii. Which sense is used by most of these organisms? iv. Which of these organisms find food in water? v. Which sense is used the least by all the animals? CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 96

AS5-Communication through drawing and model making Long Answer Type Questions 15. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.4)] Make a food web by using the following – Lizard, Grasshopper, Grass, Eagle, Hawk, Mouse, Snake, Rabbit CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 97

AS6-Appreciation and aesthetic sense, Values Short Answer Type Questions 16. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) [(Session 4.2)] Appreciate the role of different types of beaks in birds. Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 17. Choose the correct answer. (i) Colonies of ants have type of members. (A) workers (B) soldiers (C)female and male ants (D)all the above (ii) Ants grow for their food needs. (A) aphids (B) fungus (C)both A & B (D) paddy (iii) Which animal’s larva eats a lot and doesn’t need to eat at all after changing to an adult? (A) Butterfly (B) Crane fly (C) Frog (D)None of these CHAPTER 4. WHAT DO ANIMALS EAT? 98