Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY

ENGLISH TEXTBOOK Class 4 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________ NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 1 12/28/2017 11:27:10 AM

Preface IMAX partners with schools, supporting them with learning materials and processes that are all crafted to work together as an interconnected system to drive learning. IMAX presents the latest version of the Passport series – updated and revised after considering the perceptive feedback and comments shared by our experienced reviewers and users. Designed specifically for CBSE schools, the Passport series endeavours to be faithful to the spirit of the National Curriculum Framework (NCF) 2005. Therefore, our books strive to ensure inclusiveness in terms of gender and diversity in representation, catering to the heterogeneous Indian classroom. NCF 2005 asserts that listening, speaking, reading and writing (LSRW) are all generalised skills, and students’ mastery over them is key to success at school. All these skills frequently need to be used together. Therefore, the Passport English textbooks and workbooks strive to provide adequate opportunities for students to practise all the four LSRW skills. To this effect, the Passport English textbooks and workbooks for CBSE schools offer the following features:  T hemes recommended by the NCF across grades 1–5 in the literature pieces  Samples of Indian writing in English as well as popular English literature pieces from western countries  Pictures for word meanings in each lesson to help students with visual clues for new or difficult words  N on-detailed lessons to enable additional reading  A speaking project and two reading comprehension passages in each unit to further hone speaking and reading skills  Horizontal and vertical progression across grades for the grammar concepts covered in the workbooks, providing a spiral of cumulative learning  Samples of format-based writing to provide for scaffolding of learning of formal writing Overall, the IMAX Passport English textbooks, workbooks and teacher companion books aim to generate greater engagement with and enhance fluency in English language communication and empower students to develop a genuine appreciation of the language and its literature.  – The Authors NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 2 12/28/2017 11:27:10 AM

Textbook Features Let Us Start Warm Up Activities and questions to Interesting questions to prepare students to focus on arouse curiosity about the pronunciation and help lesson teachers to introduce the lesson I Understand I Read Questions to check Variety of literature pieces comprehension of the literature (prose/poetry/drama) piece Questions after the literature – 'Literature comprehension' piece for quick check of under- and 'Value-based questions' standing are only a part of detailed lessons. Language Game Games to improve language I Speak and enhance fluency Activities for students to speak individually or in pairs or lAceosmsnonuneltitcdoCtissPooctnthOiphneEeleinGrtcMhastReurtySbmhseAjeeecDcMototsfiottisMnhnethAaRt groups on a theme-related order to enable SstuTdOenRtsIEtoS topic relate better to it A Note to Parent To engage a parent in the WORD MEANINGS out-of-classroom learning LANGUAGE GAMES of their child and conducting activities to reinforce WRITING the learnt concepts 12/28/2017 11:27:11 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 3

Contents Class 4 Theme 1: Peace and Harmony Theme 4: Imagination and 1 The Prince and the Pauper ������� 2 Adventure 2 The Peaceful Warrior ����������������� 8 3 The Caged Bird ������������������������ 13 10 The Great Race ������������������������ 69 S1 Speaking Project ��������������������� 19 11 Adventures with the Fairies ����� 76 R1 Reading Comprehension ������� 20 12 The Owl and the Pussycat ������ 82 Theme 2: Life Around Us 4 The Man Who Never Lied �������� 24 S4 Speaking Project ��������������������� 88 5 The Lady of the Forest ������������� 30 6 To Sleep ������������������������������������ 35 R4 Reading Comprehension ������� 89 S2 Speaking Project ��������������������� 41 Theme 5: Exploring the World R2 Reading Comprehension ������� 42 13 The Herculean Task ����������������� 93 Theme 3: Art and Culture 14 Beware of Mikhailovitch���������� 99 7 Puppet Traditions of India ������� 46 (Drama) 8 The Elephant’s Nose ���������������� 52 9 A Musical Journey ������������������� 59 15 Going Downhill on a Bicycle ��� 105 S3 Speaking Project ��������������������� 64 S5 Speaking Project ������������������� 110 R3 Reading Comprehension ������� 65 R5 Reading Comprehension ����� 111 Theme 6: The Wonders of Science 16 The Magical World of Science ������������������������������ 115 17 Robot withpaoeVgmirurss a���m�����m����a����r��121 18 My Shadow ������s���t���o���r����i�e���s�����126 S6 Speaking Pwroojercdt ���m����e����a���n���i�n� 1g3s1 R6 Reading lCoamnpgreuhaengseiong�a���m� 13e2s Glossary ��������������������������������������w���r���1it3i5ng NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 4 12/28/2017 11:27:11 AM

Why are we studying this theme? History teaches us that we should spread peace and love, not war and hate. Everything begins with us. Each one of us can make a difference in a small way to make the world a better place. We can do this by being peaceful and loving to everyone around us. Let us read two stories and a poem that teach us something about the importance of peace and harmony. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 5 12/28/2017 11:27:12 AM

Lesson The Prince and the 1 Pauper Let Us Start Words Listen and say aloud wicked mistreat disturbed strange observed relieved garments imprisoned Warm Up • What would you do if you met a prince or a princess? • What questions would you ask him or her? Let us read the story of a poor boy who gets a chance to meet and talk to a prince. 2 12/28/2017 11:27:12 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 6

I Read Tom Canty was a poor boy who lived in London. His father was a thief. Tom’s favourite dream was to meet the prince. Tom and the prince were born on the same day but in very different surroundings. One day, the dream came true. Read the story to know what happened next. ‘What is your name, boy?’ asked the prince to a strange-looking lad. ‘Tom Canty, Sir’, he replied. The prince found this name to be odd. ‘Where do you live?’ enquired the prince. ‘In the city, in Offal Court off Pudding Lane’, answered Tom. This address too sounded rather strange to the prince. Growing curious about Tom’s family, the prince asked further, ‘Do enquired you have parents?’ ‘I have parents and a grandmother who is not kind to me; God forgive me if it is wrong to say so. I also have twin sisters, Nan and Bet’, replied Tom. twin ‘So your grandmother does not love you?’ asked the prince. ‘My grandmother loves nobody, as she has a wicked heart’, said Tom. wicked drunk ‘Does she mistreat you?’ the prince asked. ‘There are times when she is drunk or asleep and does not lift her hand. But she makes up for it by beating harder at other times’, replied Tom sadly. The prince was very disturbed by this. ‘What? Does she beat mistreat disturbed you?’ he asked angrily. ‘Yes, indeed’, Tom confirmed ‘How can she beat you? You are so small and weak. I will have her imprisoned imprisoned in the Tower immediately!’ the prince declared. ‘Sir, the Tower is for important people. My grandmother has a lowly place in society’, Tom pointed out. The prince admitted that he had not thought of that. ‘I will decide her punishment later’, he said. temper The prince then asked Tom about his father. ‘He is not any kinder than my grandmother’, said Tom with a whimper. This touched the prince’s heart. ‘My father does not have a good temper either. He is very strict. He doesn’t beat me, but he is quite heavy-handed with me. He does not spare me from his tongue’, observed the prince. ‘How about your mother?’ the prince asked. Tom’s face brightened up, much to sorrow the relief of the prince. ‘She is good and does not give me any pain or sorrow. Nan and Bet are like her’, answered Tom. The Prince and the Pauper 3 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 7 12/28/2017 11:27:12 AM

‘How old are your sisters?’ asked the prince. ‘Fifteen’, replied Tom. The prince revealed that he had one sister, Lady Elizabeth, who was fourteen. His other sister, Lady Mary, was so gloomy that she did not permit the servants to laugh. ‘Do your sisters forbid the servants to laugh?’ asked the prince. Tom answered, ‘Oh Sir, do you think they have servants?’ The prince was very surprised. ‘Who helps them to change their garments forbid at night? Who helps them to get dressed in the morning?’ he asked. ‘No garments one, they have one garment each’, responded Tom. ‘Why do they have only one?’ asked the curious prince. ‘What would they do with more? They have but one body each’, replied Tom. The prince could not understand how anybody could have only one dress. ‘Then I have decided that they shall have as many dresses as they desire’, announced the prince. After this conversation, Tom and the prince decided to change places, and they had many adventures. – Adapted from The Prince and the Pauper by Mark Twain Let Us Discuss 1) What is the poor boy’s name? 2) What is common about the prince and the poor boy? 3) How old is Lady Elizabeth? 4) What is special about Lady Mary? I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words 12/28/2017 11:27:12 AM Word strange enquired twin wicked mistreat drunk 4 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 8

Word Meaning disturbed imprisoned with a whimper temper heavy-handed spare me from his tongue observed sorrow forbid garments desire Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) Where did Tom Canty live? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) Who were the people in Tom Canty’s family? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Why did the prince have to consider a punishment for the grandmother? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4) What did the prince decide for Tom’s sisters? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) F rom the story, it seems like the prince’s life was very happy, and Tom’s life was difficult However, can you think of a few difficultie that the prince might have in his life? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� The Prince and the Pauper 5 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 9 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM

����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) After reading the story, what kind of person do you think the prince’s father was? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� I Speak Role play Your teacher will divide the class into groups of three. Answer the questions that either the prince or Tom Canty have asked each other. Add a few more questions and answers. Using the questions and answers that you have written, enact your own version of the drama. One of you can be the prince. The second person in the group can be Tom Canty, and the third person in the group can be the narrator. Pair discussion Discuss what adventures the two boys might have had once they exchanged places. Think of an adventure that they would each have had. Examples: • Tom Canty may have been crowned as the king in place of the prince. • The prince may have taught Tom’s father and grandmother a lesson. Language Game 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM Match the adjectives ‘He is quite heavy-handed with me’, says the prince. ‘Heavy-handed’ is an adjective for a person who is very harsh and strict. 6 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 10

Read the adjectives in Column A and match them with their correct meanings in Column B. Column A Column B 1) big-hearted a) a person with good eyesight 2) level-headed b) a person who is fast and graceful 3) hawk-eyed c) a kind and generous person 4) light-footed d) a gentle person 5) mild-mannered e) a calm and sensible person Connect the Dots Social Studies Fun The prince in the story that you just read is Prince Edward VI. He was the king of England and Ireland between 1547 and 1553. He became a king at the early age of nine. Maths Fun Prince Edward VI was born in 1537. He became king in the year 1547 and died in 1553. Subtract to find out the number of years between each of these events. A Note to Parent Tom Candy seems to have a difficul family life. A little love and care would go a long way in making the boy feel loved. Always remember that children are nurtured with love and care. Ensure that your child is surrounded by love and security in the family. Spend time with them, and try to explain things calmly instead of getting angry. The Prince and the Pauper 7 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 11 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM

Lesson The Peaceful 2 Warrior Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words samurai revenge sword kneel fascinated patience regretted rubble Warm Up • Do you get angry? Why or why not? • What happens when you are angry? Do you say or do things in anger that you feel bad about later? Many years ago, a few soldiers lived in Japan. They were good fighters and were very faithful to their masters. They lived disciplined lives and were called the ‘samurai’ warriors. Let us read the story of a samurai warrior who got angry and did something wrong. 8 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 12

I Read Once, a samurai warrior got angry with his master and, without thinking, killed him. He regretted his action, but the master was dead and gone. He knew that if he were to be caught, he would be put to scared death. He got very scared and ran away. He went from one place to another till he arrived at a small village. The village was regretted separated from the rest of the world by a mountain. The path across the mountain was narrow and dangerous. Many villagers had died while climbing it. The warrior decided to single-handedly carve a road through the mountain. He wanted to connect the village with the rest of the world carve and help the villagers. He worked from early morning to late evening. In four years, he had almost dug halfway into the mountain. One morning, when he was working hard in the tunnel, a young man shouted his name. He asked the samurai to come out. The young tunnel man was the son of the man that the samurai had killed. He wanted to take revenge. ‘I deserve to die’, said the samurai. ‘Kill me if you want, but wait till I’ve completed this tunnel.’ fascinated The young man agreed to wait. He watched, fascinated, as the samurai worked hard day after day. The rocks that he was digging through were huge. At the end of a day’s work, it seemed that the rocks were untouched. The young man began to slowly develop respect for his enemy’s hard work and patience. After rubble some time, the young man started to help the samurai. They dug and carried the rubble together. Many years passed, and both the men kept digging the mountain. And then, one day, the two men broke through to the other side. Finally, the villagers were no longer alone. They could now easily connect with the rest of the world. ‘I am ready to die’, said the samurai, kneeling before the young man. ‘You can kill me now.’ The young man raised his sword with a cry, the blood rushing kneeling to his head. At last, he could take revenge for his father’s death. But he found that he could not kill the samurai. Slowly, he put his sword down. sword The Peaceful Warrior 9 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 13 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM

‘You’re a killer’, he said. ‘But I’ve learnt a lot from you in the last few years. How can I harm my teacher?’ He dropped his sword and walked away. (Source: Adapted from ‘Learning from the Enemy’) Let Us Discuss 1) Why did the samurai run away? 2) Why did the samurai kill his master? 3) How long did it take the samurai to dig halfway into the mountain? 4) Why did the dead man’s son not kill the samurai? I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word regretted scared single-handedly carve tunnel revenge fascinated patience rubble kneeling sword 10 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 14

I Speak Group activity Divide your class into groups of four. Discuss the following questions in each group. Then, share your point of view with the class. Later, all the groups should design a poster about peace. • If someone were to trouble you, what would you do? Give as many suggestions as possible. • What does the word ‘peace’ mean to you? • Why should we encourage peace? Public speaking Character traits show what a person is on the inside. Character traits are reflecte by the actions and the things that the character says. Given below are some character traits: loyal, brave, hard-working, courageous, friendly, helpful, kind, disciplined, respectful, foolish, ungrateful Read the story carefully. According to you, what kind of a person was the samurai? Describe his character traits. Support your answer with a line from the story. Language Game Stand for peace, sit for war Your teacher has a list of words related to war and peace. He or she will read out one word at a time. You have to respond by standing up for words that mean ‘peace’ or are related to peace. You have to sit for words that mean ‘war’ or are related to war. Your teacher also has prepared two columns with ‘Peace’ and ‘War’ as headings. After each word is read, your teacher will ask a student to write the word under the appropriate column. The Peaceful Warrior 11 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 15 12/28/2017 11:27:13 AM

Connect the Dots Maths Fun The samurai took 4,224 hours in total to carve a road through the mountain and worked for 12 hours every day. How many days did it take for him to complete the work? Social Studies Fun You know that the samurai were a warrior class of men. Did you know an onnabugeisha that women from samurai families were trained in martial arts? They were called ‘onnabugeisha’. They frequently participated in battles along with samurai men. A Note to Parent In India, there was a man named Dashrath Manjhi who cut a road through a mountain in memory of his wife. Given below is the Wikipedia link that tells the story of his life. Tell your child about Dashrath Manjhi. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DashrathManjhi 12 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 16

Lesson The Caged 3 Bird Let Us Start Rhyming words Word Rhyming words strong me free, she Listen and say aloud sky round cure around, bound Word – – wrong fly pure Warm Up • Do you think that birds and animals should be kept in cages? • How would you feel if you were a bird in a cage? Let us read a poem in which the poet talks about the helplessness of a caged bird. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 17 13 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM

I Read The bird I saw today Looked gloomy and pale. I wondered what was wrong, Why did he look pallid and weak? gloomy The question I asked was, pallid ‘Why did you do this to him? Why can’t he play like me? Why can’t he also be happy and free?’ I think he wants to fly! swirl Fly high in the azure sky. I think he wants to swirl his wings, Fly with abandon with his kith and kin. azure He played in the cage. bound Up, down, round and round. No one around, He was to that tiny space bound. He sings a sad song. He sleeps alone in rage. He fights with himself again and again, ki th and k in But nothing happens, to his amaze! I speak to you – You who are free. How would you feel To be a caged bird like he? A creature so beautiful. to his amaze A creature so pure. You tell me, human, What is the cure? – Pritika Mahendru 14 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 18

Let Us Discuss 1) What does the poet wonder about? 2) Where does the poet think the bird wants to fly? 3) Whom does the poet think the bird would want to fly with? 4) In the second-last stanza, what does the poet ask us? I Understand Exercise 1: New words Word Meaning gloomy pale pallid azure swirl with abandon kith and kin bound to his amaze cure Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) How does the bird appear to the poet? Ans.   2) The poet asks a few questions in the second stanza. What are these questions? Ans.   The Caged Bird 15 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 19 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM

3) What does the bird do inside the cage? Ans.   4) What kind of creature is the bird described as? Ans.  Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) The poem ends with the question: ‘What is the cure?’ What do you think is the cure for the caged bird? Explain your answer. Ans.  2) P eople have kept birds in cages for centuries. They do this for their amusement. Is this right? Why or why not? Ans.  I Speak Public speaking Do you think that animals also have rights like us? According to you, what rights do animals have? For example, do they have a right to freedom like human beings? Think about the 16 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 20 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM

topic ‘Animal Rights’. Speak on it for a minute in front of your class. Recitation (Individual) You know that India gained independence on 15th August 1947. Given below is a poem written by Rabindranath Tagore, who is one of India’s most famous poets. The poem was written when India was still trying to gain independence. Recite the poem aloud with voice modulation. Where the mind is without fear Where the mind is without fear and the head is held high Where knowledge is free Where the world has not been broken up into fragments By narrow domestic walls Where words come out from the depth of truth Where tireless striving stretches its arms towards perfection Where the clear stream of reason has not lost its way Into the dreary desert sand of dead habit Where the mind is led forward by thee Into ever-widening thought and action Into that heaven of freedom, my Father, let my country awake. Language Game Pronouns in 30 seconds Underline as many pronouns as you can in the following passage in 30 seconds. The student with the highest number of correct answers wins. Jill and Martin were siblings. One day, they returned from the park. They were very hungry and went straight into the kitchen. They wanted to eat something. In the kitchen, they saw a dog. It was drinking the water that Mother had kept for them. As soon as Martin saw the dog, he ran out screaming. He was afraid of dogs. On the other hand, Jill was a brave girl. She was not afraid of anything. She shooed the dog away. It ran out. Martin saw it running out. He came back into the kitchen. He praised Jill for being so brave. Jill thanked him. The Caged Bird 17 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 21 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM

Connect the Dots Maths Fun Key: 1 = 5 birds Deep Jungle = _______ birds Dark Forest = _______ birds Green Woods = _______ birds Social Studies Fun Did you know that keeping birds in cages is illegal in India? In May 2015, Justice Manmohan Singh of the Delhi High Court declared that birds have the fundamental right to ‘live with dignity’. He also said that they should be able to ‘fly in the sky without being kept in cages or subjected to cruelty’. Human beings do not have the right to keep birds in small cages for business or otherwise. A Note to Parent Educate your child about ways in which human beings treat animals cruelly. Explain how keeping birds in cages, throwing stones at street animals or using animals in circuses are all examples of animal cruelty. Such acts should never be encouraged. 18 12/28/2017 11:27:14 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 22

S1 Speaking Project A peace-loving classroom What words come to your mind when you think of the word ‘peace’? Do you think it is important to have peace around us? Why? Now, think of a classroom that loves peace. Describe a ‘peace-loving classroom’. What should it be like? What can we do to achieve peace in a class? Keep the following points in mind while preparing your speech: • Respect everyone. • Help and care for each other. • Make rules for the class and follow them. • Take turns and listen to each other. • Do not fight with or bully others. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 23 19 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM

R1 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. The national flag went up fluttering in the air. Everyone looked up, and loud clapping was followed by the singing of the national anthem, ‘Jana-Gana-Mana’. A small group of children sang a few patriotic songs, and Mini’s grandmother gave a short speech about India’s freedom struggle. All this while, Mini stood beside her grandmother. All the people who had gathered keenly listened to what the 90-year-old freedom fighter had to say. Their hearts were full of pride as they looked at the flag. Soon, sweets were distributed before everyone dispersed. On the occasion of 15th August, the Indian Independence Day, Mini’s grandmother was invited to hoist the national flag. She was the senior-most resident of the colony and had been a freedom fighter as a young girl. Mini often listened to her detailed descriptions of the freedom struggle of India; her life in an India, that was ruled by the British and the history and struggles of her family. 1) Who gave a speech about India’s freedom struggle? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What is special about 15th August? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 20 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 24

3) Rewrite the below sentences with the correct punctuation. a) minis grandmother gave a short speech about indias freedom struggle Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ b) everyone sang the national anthem jana gana mana together Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ c) patriots like gandhiji nehru and netaji subhash chandra bose fought for freedom from the british rule Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) The opposite of ‘senior-most’ is ____________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) patriotic a) scattered 2) pride b) feeling love towards one’s country 3) dispersed c) a feeling of happiness for something or someone related to you Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. There once was a king who offered a prize to the artist who would paint the best picture of peace. Many artists tried. The king looked at all the pictures. But there were only two he really liked, and he had to choose between them. One picture was of a calm lake. Overhead was a blue sky with fluffy white clouds. All who saw this picture thought that it was a perfect picture of peace. The other picture had mountains. They were rugged and bare. Above was an angry sky from which rain fell. Down the side of the mountain tumbled a foaming waterfall. This did not look peaceful at all. Reading Comprehension 21 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 25 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM

But when the king looked closely, he saw behind the waterfall a tiny bush growing in a crack in the rock. In the bush, a mother bird had built her nest. There, in the midst of the rush of angry water, sat the mother bird on her nest – in perfect peace. Which picture do you think won the prize? The king chose the second picture. To be at peace does not mean to be in a place where there is no noise, trouble or hard work. To be at peace means to be in the midst of all those things and still be calm in your heart. 1) How many paintings did the king need to choose from? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) In the second picture, what did the king see behind the waterfall? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Write the plural forms of the words given below. a) bush – ______________________________ b) waterfall – ______________________________ c) sky – ______________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘tumbled’ is ______________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) foaming a) up in the sky 2) overhead b) calmness 3) peace c) bubbling up 22 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 26

Why are we studying this theme? The world is a fascinating place. All things around us tell us stories if we are willing to hear them. Writers and poets give us a slice of life through their writing. Let us read two stories and a poem to enjoy more of the wonderful world we live in. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 27 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM

Lesson The Man Who 4 Never Lied Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Tongue twisters are a great way to practise and improve pronunciation. Given below are a few tongue twisters. Say them as fast as you can. • I scream, you scream, we all scream ‘ice cream’. • She sells seashells on the seashore. • He threw three free throws. • Vincent, the very vivacious vacuuming vampire, visited Victor von Viking, the vegetarian vampire, vacationing in Valentine Valley. Warm Up • Do you think people lie? Why or why not? • H ave you ever lied and got into trouble? Share an incident. Let us read a story of a man who never lied. 24 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 28

I Read Once upon a time, there was a wise man named Abu who never lied. All the people in the land knew about his honesty. The king heard about Abu and wanted to meet him. He ordered his guards to bring Abu to the palace. The king asked, ‘Abu, is it really true that you have never lied?’ ‘It’s true, your majesty’, Abu replied. ‘And for the rest of your life, you will never lie?’ asked the king. ‘I am absolutely sure about that, your majesty.’ ‘All right, continue to tell the truth, but be careful! A lie is cunning, and it can slip off your tongue easily.’ After a few days, the king called Abu to his palace again. When Abu arrived, the king was about to leave on a hunting trip. There was a big crowd near the palace. The king was holding his horse by its mane, and his stirrup left foot was in the stirrup. He ordered Abu, mane ‘I want you to go to my summer palace where the queen lives. Tell the queen that I will join her for lunch today. Ask her to prepare a big banquet. You will also have lunch with me.’ Abu bowed respectfully and went to see the queen. banquet The king laughed behind Abu’s back and said, ‘We won’t go hunting now. So, whatever Abu tells the queen will be a lie. Tomorrow, we will make fun of him and enjoy!’ But Abu was a wise man. He went to the palace and told the queen, ‘Your majesty, maybe you should prepare a big feast for lunch or maybe you shouldn’t. Maybe the king will come by noon or maybe he won’t.’ ‘Tell me for sure. Will he come or not?’ asked the queen. ‘I do not know whether he put his right foot in the stirrup or his left foot on the ground after I left, my queen’, replied Abu. ‘Maybe he will come, maybe he won’t.’ Everyone waited for the king at the summer palace. He came the next day and said to the queen, ‘The wise Abu, who says he never lies, actually lied to you yesterday.’ The Man Who Never Lied 25 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 29 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM

But when the queen told him what Abu had said, the king realised that Abu was a wise man who meant what he said. Abu never lied and only spoke about things that he saw with his own eyes. – an African folktale Let Us Discuss 1) Who was Abu? 2) What did the king order his guards to do? 3) How did the king describe a lie? 4) Where was everyone waiting for the king? I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word cunning mane stirrup banquet Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What did the king ask when Abu came to the palace? Ans.  2) What did the king ask Abu to tell the queen? Ans.  26 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 30

3) What did Abu tell the queen? Ans.  4) How did the king plan to make Abu lie? Was he successful in his plan? Why or why not? Ans.  Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Do you think that Abu was a wise man? Why or why not? Ans.  2) Do you think that honesty is the best policy? Why or why not? Ans.  I Speak Debate Form two groups in your class. Discuss points for and against the proverb, ‘Honesty is the best policy’. Then, have a debate in class on this topic. Remember, you must argue only for the side that you are on. Give examples from your lives to prove your points. The Man Who Never Lied 27 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 31 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM

Role play Divide your class into groups of three. Write down lines for the king, the queen and Abu. Read the lines aloud, and enact the parts of the king, the queen and Abu. Use appropriate voice modulation and body language to play your roles. Language Game Spot the differences! There are 12 differences between the two pictures of the rooster. Get into pairs, and try to spot all 12 differences. Try to be the firs to finish Remember that you must describe all the 12 differences in complete sentences to win. Connect the Dots Maths Fun ‘The Man Who Never Lied’ is an African folktale. The distance between Africa and India is 8,242 km. Find out the sum of the smallest and largest numbers that you can make using the digits of this number. 28 12/28/2017 11:27:15 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 32

Science Fun Have you heard of Pinocchio, the boy from the famous book, The Adventures of Pinocchio? Every time he lied, his nose grew a little longer! But that doesn’t really happen, does it? Scientists have done a lot of research to discover how people behave when they lie. Here are two common signs that show that a person is lying: • The person avoids eye contact. • The person behaves differently from how they would otherwise. Pinocchio A Note to Parent Encourage the value of honesty in your child. This is done best by being honest with them. The Man Who Never Lied 29 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 33 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM

Lesson The Lady of the 5 Forest Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words with one syllable Words with two syllables eat spent visit sometimes long love forest wonder Warm Up • Do you like animals? • If given a chance, would you like to work with animals all your lives? Why or why not? Let us read the story of Jane Goodall, who spent all her life studying chimpanzees. 30 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 34

I Read Have you ever wondered about the animals in forests? How do they live there? What do they eat? For how long do they live? Jane Goodall was a woman who spent her entire life studying chimpanzees. She was born on 3rd April 1934 in London, England. Her father was a businessman, and her mother was a writer. When she was a child, Jane’s father gifted her a life-like chimpanzee chimpanzees stuffed toy. She named it ‘Jubilee’. She developed a love for animals and chimpanzees because of that toy. In her free time, she used to observe birds and animals and read books about them. Jane began to dream of going to Africa. She wanted to study her favourite animals in the wild. Africa After finishin college, Jane started working small jobs. She wanted to save money to make her dream come true. Her dream did come true. She was invited by a childhood friend to visit their farm in Kenya. In Africa, she met the famous archaeologist, Louis Leakey. He offered her a job of studying chimpanzees. Jane was very excited. She moved to the Gombe Stream National Park in Tanzania and began observing chimpanzees. Studying chimpanzees archaeologist When Jane began studying chimpanzees in 1960, she did not know much about them. She did not know about their behaviour or how to study them. The firs time she tried to observe a group of chimpanzees, they got scared and ran away. After trying and failing, she found a way to observe them in a manner that did not threaten them. After two years of seeing her every day, they became comfortable with her. They often came to her for bananas. threaten Jane spent the next forty years of her life studying chimpanzees. She found many new and interesting things about them. For example, she realised that each chimpanzee was unique. Each one had its own likes and dislikes. Impact and contribution unique In 1977, Jane established the Jane Goodall Institute. It supports the environment and protects endangered animals. She has won several awards for her efforts to protect chimpanzees. The Lady of the Forest 31 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 35 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM

Jane has written many articles and books about her experiences with chimpanzees. Her famous books include In the Shadow of Man, The Chimpanzees of Gombe and 40 Years at Gombe. Jane has written about being kind to all kinds of animals. This is especially true for farm animals. She writes that farm animals are far more aware and intelligent than we can ever imagine. They have rights and deserve our respect. She asks all of us – if we don’t stand up to help animals, who will? Let Us Discuss 1) Where did Jane Goodall grow up? 2) When did Jane start studying chimpanzees? 3) How did Jane get to visit Africa? 4) Name one book that Jane Goodall wrote. I Understand Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word studying chimpanzees wild jobs archaeologist threaten unique endangered 32 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 36

I Speak Interview Interview your partner about what they would like to become when they grow up and why. Take fiv minutes to prepare your questions. Ask at least fiv questions. Frame questions using ‘what’, ‘where’, ‘when’, ‘why’ and ‘how’. Public speaking You have read a lesson about the life of Jane Goodall. Now, make a list of all the facts that you find interesting about her life. Speak about her life, and share your thoughts on what you like most about her life and work. Would you like to lead a life like hers? Why or why not? Language Game Word search Find the names of different types of apes and monkeys in the word search. I MY RM I S UA J UCN SM Words to look for: MDQ F W S S P E RO E CDA BABOON R NN T H KOP HHQP UNN CHIMPANZEE AHH K N R AA J EOPOHD LANGUR N Y C C U G Z D T E X Q Y Z R MANDRILL O T U E C H I M P A N Z E E I ORANGUTAN B I UC TWSGBAKHDP L OR ANGU T ANADA F X L A F HW P R I VWC B P Z V Z S I VMU E J PM I VO T RC T S Z GU A I F DDOVOR K I GN J V X D F A E AQ S NM I A OW L H D Y I Q K J I Y R L J L SMX F K L A E Y Y H B G I Q T D B I AONGV VQH The Lady of the Forest 33 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 37 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM

Connect the Dots Maths Fun Here are a few facts about Jane Goodall: • published In the Shadow of Man in 1971 • born in 1934 • went to university in 1962 • started work in Africa in 1957 Arrange these life events in ascending order, and say which events happened first and last. Science Fun Did you know that when chimpanzees feel sick, they know what plants they should eat to make themselves feel better? A Note to Parent Sensitise your child to the importance of protecting and respecting their natural surroundings. This includes plants and animals. 34 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 38

Lesson To Sleep 6 Let Us Start Rhyming words Word Rhyming words sky melodies trees Listen and say aloud seas Word cry lay away, day by stealth wealth, health bees lie Warm Up • For how many hours do you sleep every night? • What would happen if you don’t sleep for a night? Let us read a poem in which the poet is unable to sleep for many nights and see how he feels. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 39 35 12/28/2017 11:27:16 AM

I Read A floc of sheep that leisurely pass by, One after one; the sound of rain, and bees leisurely Murmuring; the fall of rivers, winds and seas, murmuring Smooth fields white sheets of water, and pure sky; melodies I have thought of all by turns, and yet do lie orchard uttered Sleepless! and soon the small birds’ melodies Must hear, firs uttered from my orchard trees; And the firs cuckoo’s melancholy cry. Even thus last night, and two nights more, I lay, And could not win thee, Sleep! By any stealth: So do not let me wear to-night away: melancholy Without Thee what is all the morning’s wealth? stealth Come, blessed barrier between day and day, Dear mother of fresh thoughts and joyous health! barrier joyous – William Wordsworth Let Us Discuss 1) How do the sheep pass by? 2) Where do the small birds sing in the morning? 3) What does the word ‘melancholy’ mean? 4) How many nights has the poet been unable to sleep? 36 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 40

I Understand Exercise 1: New words Word Meaning leisurely murmuring melodies uttered orchard melancholy stealth wear away thee barrier joyous Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What are the things that the poet thinks about when he is unable to sleep? Ans.   2) According to the poet, what is the barrier that comes between a day and another? Ans.   To Sleep 37 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 41 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM

3) Why does the poet think that sleep is important? Ans.   4) What is sleep the mother of? Ans.   Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) Do you think that you need a good night’s sleep every night? Give reasons for your answer. Ans.  2) Describe a time when you slept very late. What were you doing? How did it affect you the next day? Ans.  I Speak Story telling Something that gives us sleepless nights is a horror story! Tell your partner a very scary horror story. Listen to the story that your partner tells you. Decide whose story is scarier. 38 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 42 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM

Recitation (Individual) There are many poems about sleep. Learn the one below and recite it with proper expression in front of your class. The Moon Is Shining Bright The Moon is shining bright, The Sun is now nowhere in sight. The stars are twinkling with all their might, While there’s darkness outside, left and right. So let us now turn off the light, And wish each other a very good night. Language Game Chinese whispers Do you know how to play Chinese whispers? Sit in a circle. One person starts the game by whispering something to the person to his or her right. Once the message is passed on, see if the same message comes back to the person who started it. Remember: • Try to say something funny. • D on’t be too loud – no one else should hear you. • L isten carefully when the message is being whispered to you. To Sleep 39 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 43 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM

Connect the Dots Maths Fun Counting sheep is a mental exercise to put oneself to sleep. The poet was also trying this mental exercise in the poem. Say the number names of the numbers on the sheep in the picture. Science Fun You know that many animals such as bears, squirrels, bats, frogs and snakes go to sleep during winter. This is called ‘hibernation’. Did you know that they get ready to hibernate by eating a lot before winter? Their heartbeat and breath also slow down during hibernation. A Note to Parent One of the most important factors in a child’s development is ample rest. Global standards estimate that a 9-year-old child needs up to 10 hours of sleep every night to develop well. Ensure that your child gets enough rest each night. This comes through following a strict bedtime. Make sure that you impress upon your child the need for a good night-time sleep so that it becomes a habit. 40 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 44

S2 Speaking Project What I like doing the most We all like to do different things when we have free time. The activities that we do in our free time are called ‘hobbies’. Prepare a brief presentation on your favourite hobby. You can use the following points for your presentation: • Talk about your hobby. • Share why you enjoy this particular hobby. • Share the benefits of the hobby. • Encourage your classmates to pursue the hobby as well. NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 45 41 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM

R2 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Anandi looked excited, ‘OK Papa, which places will we visit tomorrow?’ Manohar said, ‘We will visit Anjuna, Candolim and Calangute beaches tomorrow. Sharat asked curiously, ‘Papa, tell us more about Goa.’ Manohar said, ‘Goa is India’s smallest state in terms of area and fourth smallest in terms of population. It is located on the western coast of India along the Arabian Sea. It is renowned for its beautiful beaches. Tourists from all over India and other countries flock here for an unforgettable experience. Panaji is the capital of Goa. The other important city is Margao. Isn’t all this interesting?’ The children nodded, ‘Yes, Papa.’ ‘Konkani is the official language here. Marathi, Hindi and Portuguese are also spoken here by the people. So you can learn Konkani here, children.’ 1) Which beaches were Anandi’s family going to visit in Goa? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 42 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 46

2) Where is Goa located? Ans. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Write the noun forms of the following words: a) traditional – ______________________________ b) excited – ______________________________ c) beautiful – ______________________________ 4) The opposite of ‘unforgettable’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) official a) residents of a place 2) population b) famous or well-known 3) renowned c) formal Passage 2 Read the story and answer the questions given below. Little Meera was a disobedient child. Despite being only eight years old, she pretended to be a grown-up. She would hardly listen to her parents or her elder sister, Keira, who was twelve. Her parents and teachers were tired of trying to correct her. Her mother kept complaining to her father about her. ‘What a disobedient girl! She asks me, “What’s the use of sending her to school when she can figure out everything on the internet?”’ exclaimed Mrs Thomas to her husband. ‘Give that tiny one some time. She is only eight and doesn’t know how tough life can get.’ In the evening, while Meera was watching how to make a grilled chicken sandwich on the internet, she requested her mom to make one for her. ‘What’s the use of making a sandwich, Meera? You can just grab a bite from the internet!’ ‘Mom! How can I do that? It’s a screen. I will hurt my teeth instead.’ Reading Comprehension 43 NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 47 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM

‘Exactly! The Internet can help you see and hear but not taste, touch or feel. You can learn a lot from it, but you can’t taste a sandwich or get the feel of a classroom from the other side of the screen. I hope you understand the difference between the real world and the world of computers.’ ‘Yes, Mom! Now can we please have some sandwiches?’ The happy family of four had some delicious grilled chicken sandwiches for snacks. As the parents sipped their tea, Meera settled down at her study table and completed her homework happily. What more could her parents ask for? 1) What kind of a child was little Meera? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What did Meera’s mother want her to understand? Ans. ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Write if the following nouns are of masculine, feminine, neuter or common gender. a) Keira -___________________________ b) teacher -___________________________ c) sandwich -___________________________ 4) The meaning of ‘requested’ is  . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) disobedient a) spoke with strong emotion 2) exclaimed b) unwilling to obey 3) grilled c) cooked lightly on a grill 44 12/28/2017 11:27:17 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 48

Theme Art and Culture 3 Why are we studying this theme? Art and culture decorate human lives. They are also traditions which have been carried on for centuries. To be open-minded, we must learn not only about our own culture, but also about many other cultures. Let us read two stories and a poem which tell us about art and culture - the rich heritage of our past. Detailed Prose Non-detailed Prose Poem Puppet Traditions of India The Elephant’s Nose A Musical Journey NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 49 12/28/2017 11:27:19 AM

Lesson Puppet Traditions 7 of India Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words with three syllables Words with four syllables various storybook identical information theatre tradition storytelling calculator Warm Up • You must have seen plays and dances on stage during the annual day at school. Have you participated in any of these performances? Share your experiences. • Have you ever seen a puppet show? What did you like about it? Let us now read about the rich puppet traditions of India. 46 12/28/2017 11:27:24 AM NR_BGM_9789387552746-Passport-G4-Textbook-English-FY_Text.pdf 50