202110729-PERFORM-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G06-FY_Optimized

practice workbook Social Studies Grade 6 Name: Roll No: Section: School Name:

by classklap IMAX is India’s only customised content and educational assessment m. 610+ Published Books Team of IITians & PhDs IMAX Program has authored about 610+ Content development and automation are publications which are used by more than led by a team of IITians, data scientists and 4,50,000+ students. education experts Workshops Lakh Assessments IMAX Program has conducted IMAX Program has conducted more than teacher training workshops for more 85,00,000+ assessments across 17 states in the last 10 years. than 15,000+ teachers. Copyright © 2020 BGM Policy Innovations Pvt Ltd) All rights reserved. No part of this publication, including but not limited to, the content, the presentation layout, session plans, themes, key type of sums, mind maps and illustrations, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise), without the prior, written permission of the copyright owner of this book. This book is meant for educational and learning purposes. The author(s) of the book has/ have taken all reasonable care to ensure that the contents of the book do not violate any copyright or other intellectual property rights of any person in any manner whatsoever. In the event the author(s) has/have been unable to track any source and if any copyright has been inadvertently infringed, please notify the publisher in writing for any corrective action. Some of the images used in the books have been taken from the following sources www.freepik.com, www.vecteezy.com, www.clipartpanda.com Creative Commons Attribution This book is part of a package of books and is not meant to be sold separately. For MRP, please refer to the package price.

This practice book is designed to support you in your journey of learning Social Studies for class 6. The contents and topics of this book are entirely in alignment with the NCERT syllabus. For each chapter, a concept map, expected objectives and practice sheets are made available. Questions in practice sheets address different skill buck- ets and different question types, practicing these sheets will help you gain mastery over the lesson. The practice sheets can be solved with the teacher’s assistance. There is a self-evaluation sheet at the end of every lesson, this will help you in assessing your learning gap.



TABLE OF CONTENTS • Assessment Pattern: 40 Marks • Assessment Pattern: 80 Marks • Syllabus & Timeline for Assessment Geography Page 1: 1. The Earth in the Solar System Page 6: 2. Globe:Latitudes and Longitudes Page 11: 3. Motions of the Earth Page 16: 4. Maps Page 21: 5. Major Domains of the Earth Page 27: 6. Major Landforms of the Earth Page 32: 7. Our Country - India Page 38: 8. India : Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife History Page 43: 1. What, Where, How and When? Page 48: 2. From Hunting-Gathering to Growing Food Page 53: 3. In the Earliest Cities Page 59: 4. What Books and Burials Tell us Page 65: 5. Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic Page 71: 6. New Questions And Ideas Page 77: 7. Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War Page 84: 8. Vital Villages, Thriving Towns Page 91: 9. Traders, Kings and Pilgrims Page 97: 10. New Empires and Kingdoms Page 103: 11. Buildings, Paintings and Books Social and Political Life Page 109: 1. Understanding Diversity Page 115: 2. Diversity and Discrimination Page 120: 3. What is Government? Page 125: 4. Key Elements of a Democratic Government Page 130: 5. Panchayati Raj Page 135: 6. Rural Administration Page 140: 7. Urban Administration Page 145: 8. Rural Livelihoods Page 150: 9. Urban Livelihoods





ASSESSMENT PATTERN Marks: 40 Max Internal PAPER: BEGINNER PAPER: PROFICIENT Mark Option Q.No Skill Level Difficulty Level Skill Level Difficulty Level Easy Medium Difficult Easy Medium Difficult Section A (Question Type: VSA) 11 Remembering • Remembering • 21 Understanding • Understanding • 31 Remembering • Remembering • 41 Remembering • Remembering • 51 Applying • Applying • 6 1 • Understanding • Understanding • 71 Remembering • Remembering • 8 1 • Analysing • Analysing • 91 Analysing • Analysing • 10 1 Applying • Applying • Section B (Question Type: SA) 11 3 • Remembering • Remembering • 12 3 Applying • Applying • 13 3 Understanding • Understanding • 14 3 • Applying • Applying • Section C (Question Type: LA) 15 5 • Remembering • Remembering • 16 5 Understanding • Understanding • 17 5 Analysing • Analysing • 18 3 Map • Map • Beginner Paper: (Easy: 50%, Medium: 40%, Difficult: 10%) Proficient Paper: (Easy: 40%, Medium: 40%, Difficult: 20%) Easy Question: Remembering questions directly from the text or from the given exercises. (Mostly from content of book or end of chapter exercise). Medium Difficulty Question: In-depth understanding of questions, not necessarily from the text. (Slightly modified concepts or end of chapter questions). Difficult Question: Question involving creativity like story writing, analysis question like character analysis, justification of title or extracts (mostly requires creative and thinking skills).

ASSESSMENT PATTERN Marks: 80 Max Internal PAPER: BEGINNER PAPER: PROFICIENT Mark Option Q.No Skill Level Difficulty Level Skill Level Difficulty Level Easy Medium Difficult Easy Medium Difficult Section A (Question Type: VSA) 11 Remembering • Remembering • 21 Remembering • Remembering • 31 Applying • Applying • 41 Understanding • Understanding • 51 Remembering • Remembering • 61 Understanding • Understanding • 71 Remembering • Remembering • 81 Remembering • Remembering • 91 Applying • Applying • 10 1 Remembering • Remembering • 11 1 • Remembering • Remembering • 12 1 Remembering • Remembering • 13 1 Understanding • Understanding • 14 1 Applying • Applying • 15 1 • Remembering • Remembering • 16 1 Analysing • Analysing • 17 1 Analysing • Analysing • 18 1 • Remembering • Remembering • 19 1 Understanding • Understanding • 20 1 Analysing • Analysing • Section B (Question Type: SA) 21 3 • Remembering • Remembering • 22 3 Understanding • Understanding • 23 3 • Remembering • Remembering • 24 3 Applying • Applying • 25 3 Analysing • Analysing • 26 3 • Remembering • Remembering • 27 3 Understanding • Understanding • 28 3 Analysing • Analysing • Section C (Question Type: LA) 29 5 • Remembering • Remembering • 30 5 Applying • Applying • 31 5 Understanding • Understanding • 32 5 Applying • Applying • 33 5 • Understanding • Understanding • 34 5 Analysing • Analysing • Section D (Question Type: SA) 35 3 Map • Map • 36 3 Map • Map •



SYLLABUS FOR ASSESMENT CHAPTERS PT-1 TE-1 PT-2 TE-2 ✓✓ Geography: 1. The Earth in the Solar System ✓✓ ✓ Geography: 2. Globe:Latitudes and Longitudes ✓ Geography: 3. Motions of the Earth ✓ ✓ Geography: 4. Maps ✓ ✓ Geography: 5. Major Domains of the Earth ✓ ✓ Geography: 6. Major Landforms of the Earth ✓ Geography: 7. Our Country - India ✓✓ Geography: 8. India : Climate, Vegetation and Wildlife ✓✓ ✓ History: 1. What, Where, How and When? History: 2. From Hunting-Gathering to Growing Food ✓ ✓ History: 3. In the Earliest Cities ✓ ✓ History: 4. What Books and Burials Tell us ✓ ✓ History: 5. Kingdoms, Kings and an Early Republic ✓ History: 6. New Questions And Ideas ✓ ✓ History: 7. Ashoka, The Emperor Who Gave Up War ✓ ✓ History: 8. Vital Villages, Thriving Towns History: 9. Traders, Kings and Pilgrims ✓✓ ✓ History: 10. New Empires and Kingdoms ✓✓ ✓ History: 11. Buildings, Paintings and Books ✓ Social and Political Life: 1. Understanding Diversity ✓ ✓ Social and Political Life: 2. Diversity and Discrimination ✓ Social and Political Life: 3. What is Government? ✓ Social and Political Life: 4. Key Elements of a Democratic Government Social and Political Life: 5. Panchayati Raj ✓ Social and Political Life: 6. Rural Administration ✓ Social and Political Life: 7. Urban Administration ✓ Social and Political Life: 8. Rural Livelihoods Social and Political Life: 9. Urban Livelihoods Periodic Test-1 Assessment Timeline Term 1 Exam 22st July to 12th August Periodic Test-2 23rd September to 21 October Term 2 Exam 16th December to 13th January 1st March to 30th March



PRLAECSTSICOENSWHIESEETS (This section has a set of practice questions grouped into different sheets based on different concepts. By answering these questions you will strengthen your subject knowledge. A self-evaluation sheet is provided at the end of every lesson.)



1. The Earth in the Solar System Learning Outcomes • Identify the eight planets based on some of their features. At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • List the different celestial bodies, found in the • Summarise the reasons for Earth’s uniqueness. • Identify what constitutes the universe. sky and their characteristics • Recognise and list the elements, including • Recognize the relationship between the celestial asteroids and meteoroids, within our Solar bodies and phenomena such as Amavasya, System. Poornima, Saptarishi Mandala, Pole Star, Akash • Identify the features of the Solar System. Ganga • Identify the Moon, the Sun, the Earth, and the stars based on their features Concept Map The Earth in the Solar System Solar System Celestial Bodies Stars Planets Satellites Sun Earth Moon Asteroids Meteoroids Key Points Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune. • Each planet has its own unique feature that dis- • Celestial bodies such as the Sun and stars, the Moon, the Earth are found in the sky. tinguishes it from other planets. • Our planet is called the Earth. It is slightly flat- • Constellations are groups of stars identified through the patterns, they form. For example tened at the poles and hence has a geoid shape. Ursa Major or the Big Bear It is called the blue planet. Its position from the Sun, habitable atmosphere and the presence of • Celestial bodies bring about phenomena such as air and water make it unique Full Moon: Poornima, New Moon- Amavasya or • Solar System: The Sun, eight planets, satellites the Milky Way-Aakash Ganga and asteroids and meteoroids form the Solar System. • Stars have their own heat and light. Constella- • In the structure of our Solar System, the Sun is in tions and some stars indicate directions. For ex- the centre and all planets, asteroids and meteor- ample, the Saptarishi Mandala and the Pole Star. oids revolve around it, in an elliptical orbit or a fixed path. • Planet is an example of celestial bodies that do not have their own heat and light. They are lit by the light of the star. Sun is a star. • There are eight planets: Mercury, Venus, Earth, 1

1. The Earth in the Solar System • The Sun is made up of extremely hot gases. It is at quarter of the Earth and at a distance of 3,84,400 a distance of 150 million km away from Earth. km from Earth. Moon revolves around the Earth about 27 days. • Each of the eight planets move in their fixed paths • Asteroids and meteoroid are: large and small around the Sun and complete their revolution rocks were broken off when the star, exploded. in different amounts of time. Each have unique They move around the Sun and are found be- characteristics tween the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, for example Ceres. • The nearest planet to the Sun is Mercury, it takes • Galaxy is a huge system of billions of stars, and 88 days to complete one round. clouds of dust and gases. • Our Solar System is a part of Milky Way Galaxy • Venus takes 248 days to complete one round. It is (Aakash Ganga). called Earth’s twin because of its size and shape. • Millions of galaxies make the universe. • Earth is the third nearest planet to the Sun and the fifth largest planet. • Moon is Earth’s only satellite with a diameter one Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Celestial Bodies Meaning and characteristics PS -1 Meaning of celestial Stars phenomena PS-2 Star groups: constellations Identify PS-3 PS-4 Planets • Eight planets and their Self-evaluation Sheet Satellites features. Orbit and movement • Earth as a unique planet • Moon and its features Sun as a star Composition, position, dis- Solar System tance, The structure, the function- ing of the Solar System Worksheet for “The Earth in the Solar System” Evaluation with self- check or Peer check* 2

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. What is a full Moon ? 2. What is a new Moon? 3. What is a star? Give an example. 4. Find the difference between stars and planets. 5. What are constellations? Give an example. 6. From which language has the word planet originated? What does it mean? 7. What is the Indian name for our galaxy? 8. Which direction does the Pole star indicate? PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. What are planets? List all the planets according to their distance from the Sun. 2. Which planet in the Solar System supports life? Support your answer with 3 reasons. 3. Why cannot Moon support life? 4. Describe a satellite. 5. Why is Venus known as Earth’s twin? 6. Why is Earth called the blue planet? 7. Name the shape of Earth. 8. Discuss the important features of the Earth. PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 1. Which is the largest asteroid ? 2. What are asteroids? 3. What are meteoroids? 4. What is a galaxy? Name our galaxy. 5. What is the universe? 6. How many days does Earth take to go around the Sun? 7. How many days does Mercury take to go around the Sun? 3

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option: 8. Which was the latest satellite sent by the Indian government to study the lunar surface? 1. We can see a Moon in its full size during a. INSAT _______. b. IRS a. Poornima c. EDUSAT b. New Moon d. Chandrayaan-II c. Amavasya d. None of these 9. What is the purpose of man-made satellite? a. Gathering information about the universe 2. Name the celestial body which emits its own b. For communication heat and light? c. Study about the Earth a. Planets d. All the above b. Stars c. Meteorites 10. Which was the first artificial satellite? d. Asteroids a. Sputnik 1 b. Aryabhata 3. Pole Star indicates which direction? c. Astrosat a. South d. INSAT b. East c. West II. Short Answer Questions: d. North 1. How would ancient people determine 4. Using which instrument can we see various directions? celestial bodies in our sky? a. Stethoscope 2. Why do we not feel the heat of the Sun even b. Microscope though it is the nearest start to our Earth? c. Telescope d. Radioscope 3. Why is planet Earth called ‘Geoid’? III. Long Answer Questions: 5. What are constellations? a. Various patterns formed by the planets 1. Why is only planet Earth considered to be b. Various patterns formed by all celestial bodies inhabitable? c. Various patterns formed by group of stars d. Various positions of asteroids placed in space 2. State the difference between asteroids and meteoroids. Describe the only satellite of our 6. Planet can be defined as: Earth. a. Celestial body which does not have its own heat and light b. Celestial body which revolves around the Sun c. Celestial body which gets heat and light from the Sun d. All the above 7. One who studies the celestial bodies and their movements is a: a. Scientist b. Astronomer c. Geologist d. Physicist 4

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins I. Answer the following 1. Which planet is called as the blue planet? (1 mark) 2. What is an orbit? (1 mark) 3. Name some Indian satellites. (1 mark) 4. What are celestial bodies? (1 mark) 5. How does our Solar System stay in its place? (3 marks) 6. Draw a neat diagram showing the Solar System, and mark Jupiter and Mars. (3 marks) 7. Which planet in the Solar System supports life? How? (5 marks) 5

2. Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes Learning Outcomes calculated from the Equator which is considered to be zero degree. At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Classify heat zones of the Earth. • Recognise the globe as a representation of the • Recognise that longitudes are references to find locations on Earth based on time. Earth. • Calculate local standard time of a place based • List the imaginary lines that divide the globe on the coordinates of a place. into parallels of latitudes and meridians of longitude. Recognise that these imaginary lines are references to find locations on Earth. • Recognise that latitudes are references to find locations, based on temperature and are Concept Map Earth Globe Latitude Logitude Parallels of Latitude Prime Meridian/ Meridians Torrid Temperate Frigid International Indian Zone Standard Time Standard Time Zone Zone Key Points • There are four important parallels besides the Equator • Globe is a true representation of the Earth • The Tropic of Cancer 231/2o N from the Equa- • To find locations on Earth, we require a reference tor • The Tropic of Capricorn 231/2o S from the point such as imaginary lines on the globe. Equator • Axis is an imaginary line joining the two poles: • The Arctic Circle 661/2o N from the Equator • The Antarctic Circle 661/2o S from the Equator North pole and South pole • Equator is an imaginary circular line that divides • The four parallel lines divide the globe into three different heat zones: the Earth horizontally into two equal parts. • Torrid Zone: All places located between the • Parallels of the latitudes are all parallel circles Equator and Tropic of Cancer in the Northern hemisphere, and the Tropic of Capricorn in from the equator up to the poles. They are un- the Southern hemisphere, experience vertical equal in length. rays of the sun at least once in a year. These • Parallels north of the equator are called north 6 latitudes and those south of the equator called south latitudes.

2. Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes areas receive maximum amount of sunlight. into minutes and seconds. At the poles, the line of • Temperate Zone: All places beyond the Tropic longitude is zero degree. • All longitudes are equal in length and also difficult of Cancer till the Arctic Circle in the Northern to number. Prime Meridian is an internationally hemisphere and Tropic of Capricorn till the recognised Meridian to be passing through Green- Antarctic Circle in the Southern hemisphere, wich. It is given the value of 0° longitude. receive sunlight at decreasing angles and • Prime Meridian divides the Earth into 180 degrees have moderate temperatures. They are called towards east and west also called the Eastern North Temperate zone and South Temperate hemisphere and Western hemisphere. zone. • The location of a place is calculated based on • Frigid Zone: The word frigid means cold. In the where it is placed on the globe with reference to places beyond the Arctic and Antarctic Circles the latitude and longitude. It is written as: 26° N up to the North and South poles, sun rays are latitude and 90° E longitude. always slanting and provide less heat. The • International Standard Time is based on the time poles remain frozen throughout the year at the Prime Meridian at Greenwich. The Indian • Longitudes are imaginary lines running vertically Standard Time is taken as the time at 82°30E me- between the North Pole and the South Pole. They ridian. The local time at this meridian is taken as are measured in degrees that can be converted the standard time for the whole country. Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Imaginary reference lines Need for reference lines. PS -1 on the Globe Identify imaginary lines on a globe: Axis, Equator, Parallels PS-2 of latitudes, Tropic of cancer, Tropic of Capricorn, Arctic Circle, Antarctic Circle, North Pole, South Pole Parallels of Latitude North and South Hemispheres, Measuring latitudes. Heat zones Meridians of Longitude Recognition, definition, measurement of Longitudes, locating places Standard Time Calculating International Standard Time and Indian Standard Time. Worksheet for “Globe:Latitudes and Longitudes” PS-3 Evaluation with self- Self-evaluation Sheet check or Peer check* 7

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. What is a Globe? 2. Define an axis? 3. Name the two poles of the Earth. 4. What is the Equator? 5. What is the unit used to measure latitudes? 6. Explain north latitudes and south latitudes? 7. Which are the four important parallels of latitudes? 8. What is a hemisphere? 9. Write the main features of the Parallels. 10. Describe heat zones. PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. What are longitudes? 2. What is prime meridian or meridian? 3. Time is calculated according to the movement of which celestial body? 4. What is the Indian Standard Time? Why do you need it? 8

PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) I. Choose the correct option: the heat from the sun’s rays and reduces the temperature. 1. Choose the true model of our Earth from the given list: 8. How much time will the Earth take to rotate 1o? a. Football a. 10 min b. Globe b. 5 min c. Orange c. 4 min d. Marble d. 2 min 2. An imaginary circular line which divides our 9. I am shortest at noon and longest at sunrise and Earth in two equal halves: sunset. Identify me. a. Equator a. Sun b. Prime meridian b. Shadow c. Latitude c. Moon d. Longitude d. Sun’s rays 3. The Equator represents _____ latitude. 10. What would be the status of all other places a. 66o along the prime meridian, when the sun is at b. 30o the highest point on this meridian? c. 23o a. Midday or noon d. 0o b. Evening c. Different temperatures 4. Light falling on a slanting surface is less brighter d. Dawn or dusk because: a. the light itself is less brighter II. Short answer Questions: b. it falls vertically on the surface 1. Explain Frigid Zone. c. it covers and spreads over a larger area and 2. Interpret why the Torrid Zone receives maxi- gets diffused d. it covers smaller area and gets lighter mum heat. 3. When it is 12 noon at Greenwich, analyse the 5. Which latitude marks 90o south from the equator? time at 30° east of Greenwich meridian and 30o a. North pole west of Greenwich meridian. b. South pole c. Tropic of Capricorn III. Long answer questions: d. Antarctic circle 1. (i) Explain why is it necessary to adapt the local 6. The imaginary meridians of longitudes meet at time of some central meridian in India as the _______. standard time. What is IST? a. Equator (ii) Compare the time with GMT and assess at b. Only at north pole what time should the match be watched in India c. Only at south pole which starts at 4 p.m. in London? (India is of 5 d. at both north and south poles hours and 30 min ahead of GMT) 7. Identify why temperate zones have moderate 2. Compare and define latitudes and longi- temperatures. tudes? State their similarities and differences. a. The sun’s rays fall slanting and are less brighter Summarise their uses to us. b. The Sun’s rays fall directly and thus tempera- ture is moderate c. The sun’s rays do not rise beyond horizon. Hence, very less temperature. d. The area has large forest region which absorbs 9

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins II. Answer the following 7. What does the Equator represent? (5 marks) 1. What is the standard meridian of India? (1 mark) 2. How many time zones are there on Earth? (1 mark) 3. Which meridian passes through Greenwich? (1 mark) 4. Name two heat zones of Earth, Where are these located? (1 mark) 5. What are parallels of latitudes? ( 3marks) 6. On the world map, neatly mark and label the lat- itudes, longitudes, prime meridian, Equator, the three heat zones and the Indian Standard Meridian. (3 marks) PHYSICAL MAP OF WORLD 10

3. Motions of the Earth Learning Outcomes • Recognize the effects of revolution of the Earth. • Classify the solstices, leap year and seasons At the end of this lesson, students will be able to • List the movements of the Earth and recognize according to time and hemispheres. the reasons how they occur. • Recognize the effects of rotation of the Earth. Concept Map Motion of Earth Axis Orbit Rotation Revolution Circle of illumination Eliptical Orbit Daily occurrences Cycle of Season Annual occurences Day Night Solstice, Equinox Key Points • The circle that divides the globe into day and night is called the circle of illumination. • There are two movements of the Earth: a daily motion and an annual motion. It moves on its • The time taken for one revolution around the Sun own axis as well as on an orbit around the Sun. on the elliptical orbit is 365 ¼ days . • Movement of the Earth on its axis is called rota- • The six hours saved every year are added to tion. make one day (24 hours) over a span of four years. This surplus day is added to the month of • The movement of the Earth around the Sun in a February in the fourth year, making it, a 366-day fixed path or orbit is called revolution. year or a leap year. • The time taken for one rotation is 24 hours, it is • Revolution leads to a difference in the distribu- called one Earth day. tion of heat over the surface of the Earth, leading to a cycle of seasons annually. • The axis is tilted at 66 ½ degree on the orbital plane. • It also causes a difference in the duration of day and night, leading to the Solstices and the Equi- • Rotation results in the forming of day and night. nox. The spherical shape of the Earth makes the part 11 facing the Sun, experience day and the part away from it, experiences night.

3. Motions of the Earth • Solstices happens on 21st June and 22nd De- • Equinox happens on 21st March and 23rd Sep- cember when the Earth is at longer ends of the tember when the direct rays of the Sun fall on the elliptical orbit. On 21st June, the Tropic of Cancer equator. At this position, neither of the poles is receives direct rays of the Sun as the North Pole is tilted towards the Sun, so the whole Earth experi- tilted towards the Sun. The Northern Hemisphere ences equal days and equal nights. experiences summer while the Southern hemi- sphere experiences winter. On 22nd December, the Tropic of Capricorn receives direct rays of the Sun as the South Pole tilts towards it. The South- ern hemisphere experiences summer while the Northern hemisphere gets winter. On both these days, the hemisphere that experiences summer, gets longer days and shorter nights and that which experiences winter, gets shorter days and longer nights. Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Movements of the Earth • Kinds of Motions: On the PS -1 Effects of Rotation axis and in an orbit PS-2 Effects of Revolution • Types of Motions: Daily PS-3 and Annual. PS-4 • Define Rotation and Self-evaluation Sheet Revolution • Angle of inclination of the Earth’s axis with its orbital plane. • Circle of Illumination • Forming of day and night • Elliptical orbit • Solstices • Equinox • Seasons Worksheet for “Motions of the Earth” Evaluation with self- check or Peer check* 12

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. What is an orbit? 2. How long is one revolution of the Earth? 3. In which direction does the Earth rotate? 4. What is an elliptical orbit? 5. What are the two movements of the Earth? 6. Define rotation and revolution of the Earth. PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. How many hours does the Earth take to complete one rotation? 2. What is the angle of inclination of the Earth’s axis? 3. What effect does rotation of the Earth have? 4. What is meant by the circle of Illumination? PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 1. How many days does a leap year have? 2. What causes the cycle of the seasons? 3. Which place on Earth experiences only day or night for six months in a year? 4. When do all places on Earth experience equal hours of day and night? 5. What are Solstices? 6. Define a leap year. 13

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option b. Rectangular orbit c. An elliptical orbit 1. Rotation means: d. In its own axis a. movement of the Earth on its axis b. movement of the Earth around the Sun 8. On 23rd September, it is autumn season in the c. Both a and b Northern Hemisphere. Is this statement true? d. Neither a and nor b a. False b. True 2. A period of 24 hrs is considered to be an ______. c. Neither true nor false a. Revolution d. Option c is correct b. One fortnight c. One period 9. Which of the following is true about our Earth? d. Earth day a. Throughout its orbit, the Earth is inclined in the same direction 3. The name given to circle that divides the day b. Axis of the Earth makes an angle of 66½° with from night on the globe? its orbital plane a. Orbital plane circle c. Seasons change due to the change in the posi- b. Circle of Illumination tion of the Earth around the Sun c. Circle of axis d. All of the above d. Earth day circle 10. Earth has seasons because - 4. Select the definition of revolution from the a. Of its rotation on its axis given options: b. Of elliptical orbit a. movement of the Earth on its axis c. Of distance of the Earth from the Sun varies b. movement of the Earth around the Sun in its d. Our planet’s axis of rotation is tilted orbit c. circle that divides the day from night II. Short Answer questions: d. period of rotation 1. What happens during Equinox? 5. Christmas comes in winter season in India 2. Compare leap year with normal year explain? because 3. Assume the Earth did not rotate and explain a. In winter the northern hemisphere is tilted away from Sun what would happen. b. In winter it is easy to give festival vacation as most of the places are covered with snow III. Long answer questions: c. Because it cannot come in summer d. Because it comes in summer in Australia 1. Explain why days are longer in Northern hemisphere in the month of June and define the 6. An Indian astronomer stated that the Earth is term summer Solstice. round and rotates on its own axis. Who is he? a. Bhaskara 2. Interpret why Christmas is celebrated in b. Brahmagupta summer season in Australia with appropriate c. Rajat Nayar reason. d. Aryabhatta 7. Revolution of the Earth around the Sun is in - a. Circular orbit 14

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins I. Answer the following: 7. What do you understand by circle of illumination? Draw a neatly labelled diagram 1. What is the annual motion of the Earth? (1 mark) representing it. (5 marks) 2. Which are the two solstices that take place every year? (1 mark) 3. Which are the two equinoxes that take place every year? (1 mark) 4. What is an Equinox? (1 mark) 5. What would happen if the Earth does not rotate? (3 marks) 6. Explain the cycle of seasons, the winter and (3 summer solstices and the equinox using a neatly labelled diagram. Marks) 15

4. Maps Learning Outcomes directions. • Identify the importance of sign and symbol in At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Discuss and differentiate between the types of the context of maps. • Read and interpret a map based on its maps-physical, political and thematic. • Analyse the difference between sketch and plan. components such as distance, directions and • Identify and recognise the components of a symbols. map. • Recognise the importance of compass Concept Map Maps Sketch Plan Types of map Components -Physical -Political -Thematic Distance Direction Symbols Scale Compass -Small Cardinal Direction -Large Key Points map. • Large scale: These maps are used to • Map: Map is a representation or a drawing of the earth’ surface or part of it. It is drawn on a flat sur- show a very small area with greater face according to scale. Atlas is a book of different details. types of maps. • Small scale: These maps are used to show a very large area with less • There different types of maps: details. • Physical or relief maps show natural features • Direction : Maps contain an arrow marked of the earth such as mountains, plateaus, with the letter N at the upper right hand plains, rivers, oceans etc. corner, this is called north line. Using this, • Political Maps: Maps showing cities, towns we can find out other directions in the and villages, and different countries and map. states of the world with their boundaries. • Cardinal points: Using the north line, • Thematic Maps: Maps showing the specific the four major directions (North, East, information such as rainfall, population, South, West) are marked in the map. distribution of forests, industries etc. • Compass: An instrument used to find • Components of Maps: distance, directions out four major directions. Its mag- and symbols. netic needle always points towards • Distance: Scale is the ratio between actual north-south direction. distance on the ground and distance • Symbols: it is difficult to draw the actual shown on the map. If you understand the shapes and sizes of different features such as scale, you will be able to calculate the building, roads, railway lines etc., so they are distance between any two places on the 16

4. Maps shown by using certain letters, shades, co- • Maps have universal language. lours, pictures and lines, and these are called • Sketch: It is a rough drawing which is drawn symbols. • Conventional Symbols: International agree- without using scale or any conventional signs ment regarding the use of symbols to estab- or symbols. lish a universal language for map. • Plan: Drawing of a small area on a large scale. Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Maps a. Definition PS -1 b. Types of map: Physical, Components of Map PS-2 1. Distance Political, Thematic 2. Direction c. Defining and difference PS-3 3. Symbols PS-4 Interpreting Map between Sketch, Plan Self-evaluation Sheet Worksheet for “Maps” and Map Evaluation with self- check or Peer check* a. Definition of Scale b. Types of scale c. Importance of scale d. Compass e. Cardinal Directions f. Language of a Map g. Conventional Symbols Composition, position, dis- tance, The structure, the function- ing of the solar system 17

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. Define a map. 2. What is an atlas? 3. List the different types of maps. 4. What is a thematic map? 5. Differentiate between a sketch and a plan. 6. Which map will you refer to study countries, states and their boundaries? 7. If your friend invites you home and draws the location of his house for you, what would it be called? 8. What would you call the drawing of an engineer or contractor? 9. Distinguish between maps and plan. PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. List the three components of a map. 2. What does the blue colour in a map represent? 3. What is a compass? 4. What is scale? Explain the use of scale? 5. What is small scale map? Give example. 6. Where is the letter ‘N’ mentioned in the map? What is the meaning of letter ‘N’. 7. Draw the conventional symbols of the following. Railway line,River, Settlement, Metal Road, Temple PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 1. What type of map will you use: a. If you want to show the number of children going to primary school across the world? b. If you want to show your friend from another State, the features of your city? c. If you want to explain to your younger sister, the number of states and their location in your country? 2. Your mother draws her idea of how her kitchen should be like. The architect looks at her draw- ing and make another one for the contractor who will make the kitchen. What would you call these drawings and why? 18

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option: 8. Which of the following represent the given sym- bol? 1. Name this instrument given in the picture. a. Road line a. Barometer b. Railway line b. Anemometer c. Cross road c. Compass d. None of the above d. Radar 2. Many maps put together becomes- 9. Name the type of map that is given below? a. Atlas a. Vegetation map b. Map book b. Thematic map c. Earth booklet c. Physical map d. Graph book d. Green map 3. Which colour is used to represent plateau in a 10. 5 cm on the map shows 1000 km. of the ground. map? Categorise this type of map? a. Blue a. Large scale map b. Green b. Small scale map c. Brown c. Thematic map d. Yellow d. Physical map 4. Map showing natural features of the earth like II. Short answer questions: mountains, plateaus, plains, rivers and oceans 1. Define the following: is called ______. a. Political map a. Compass b. Thematic map b. Large scale map c. Physical map c. Sketch d. Small scale map 2. Define cardinal points and their uses. How can we find the direction of a place? 5. State the components of a map. 3. Identify the maps and define them? a. Distance a. b. b. Direction c. Symbols III. Long answer questions: d. All the above 1. What are conventional symbols? State the 6. Represent the ratio between the actual distance colours used for mountains, water bodies, pla- on the ground and the distance shown on the teaus, vegetation. map in a single word. 2. (i) Distinguish between globe and map? a. Drawing (ii) Different types of maps are used for different b. Mapping purposes. Enumerate them. c. Scale d. Geometric representation 7. Identify this symbol in a map: a. Bridge b. River c. Road d. Cross road 19

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins I. Answer the following 7. On the map of Bengaluru City, identify/ locate: 1. In a map, what does green colour indicate? (5 marks) a. The type of map ( 1 mark) b. The symbols used in the map c. The cardinal directions 2. If you want to study the rainfall of your region, d. Old Madras Road, Bellandur Lake, Bull Tem- which map will you follow? (1 mark) ple, Sanjay Nagar and the Aquarium e. Is this a small-scale or large-scape map? (Refernce Map) 3. What is a north line? (1 mark) 4. What is a large scale map? (1 mark) 5. Differentiate between a physical map and political maps. (3 marks) 6. What is the use of conventional signs and sym- bols? Draw the conventional symbol of state boundary and international boundary. (3 marks) 20

5. Major Domains of the Earth Learning Outcomes At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: importance of ocean as the largest waterbody. • List and define the four domains of the Earth: • Locate the five oceans on a world map. lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, biosphere • Identify the layers of the atmosphere and its • Identify the features of lithosphere and its importance. importance as a domain of Earth. • Summarise the features of troposphere, • Identify the features of continents and locate stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, continents and ocean basins on a world map . exosphere. • Identify the features of hydrosphere and its • Identify the features of biosphere. Determine its importance. importance in supporting life on Earth. • Recognise the different waterbodies and the Concept Map Domains on the Earth Lithosphere Hydrosphere Atmosphere Biosphere Division Division Division Land Oceans Troposphere bWoadtieers Rivers Stratosphere Lakes Mesosphere Thermosphere Glaciers waterbodies surrounding it. vWapaoteurr • Reasons for calling Earth the blue planet. • Hydrosphere and its features. The water forms that Key Points make up the hydrosphere: oceans, rivers, lakes, • Elements of Earth such as land, water and air glaciers, underground water and water vapour. sustain life on it. Fresh water and saline water. • The five oceans and their features and location. • The four main domains of Earth are lithosphere, the The usefulness of ocean features in sustaining life hard portion of the Earth or land, hydrosphere, or on Earth. the part of the Earth that is covered in water and • Atmosphere and its layers. Composition of its forms, atmosphere the gaseous layer rich with atmosphere. Features of the layers of atmosphere life generating, life sustaining and other gases and and its usefulness. The features of life giving and life biosphere, the narrow zone where life is sustained sustaining gases such as oxygen, nitrogen etc. due to the overlap and presence of all three • Biosphere: Interconnectedness of living beings in elements of the Earth. this domain. • Challenges and threats to biosphere. • Lithosphere: rocks of Earth’s crust and nutrient rich soil that supports life. 21 • Two divisions of the Earth are continents and ocean basins. Feature of ocean and seawater: measuring level of ocean and land, interconnected water. • Seven continents and their features, location and

5. Major Domains of the Earth Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Domains of the Earth • Definition PS-1 Lithosphere • Division of lithosphere: continents and Continents PS-2 Hydrosphere ocean basin. PS-3 • Features of land and water bodies. Oceans • Features of seven continents and location Atmosphere • Definition • Division and features: ocean, rivers, lakes, Biosphere glaciers, water vapour. • Features of 5 oceans and location • Movements of the ocean • Composition, layers, distance from Earth surface • Features of the five layers • Features and challenges Worksheet for “Major Domains of the Earth” PS-4 Evaluation with self-check or Self-evaluation Peer check* Sheet 22

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. What are the domains of the Earth? 7. What is the difference between an isthmus and 2. Describe the four domains. a strait? 3. Describe the key features of the lithosphere. 4. What are ocean basins and continents? How do I. Fill in suitable information. 1. The largest continent is _____. you measure the two? 2. _______ or the _______ continent is the smallest 5. Name the seven continents in terms of their continent. 3. Antarctica in the _________ hemisphere is size. __________ covered with thick ice sheets. 6. On a world map locate the continents, the 4. Two _________ surround it on east and west and the _________ runs from north to south of oceans surrounding them and the important the ___________ continent. features that dPiHsYtSIiCnAgL uMAisPhOFtWhOeRmLD ? 5. Africa is the only continent through which the three latitudes____________, ___________ and the _________ passes. 6. ______ is the third largest continent and is in the ______________hemisphere. PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. Why is Earth called the \"blue planet\"? 2. “Despite being a blue planet, we face water shortage.” Do you agree with this statement? Support your answer with reasons. 3. What are the features of the hydrosphere? 4. List the three movements of ocean waters. 5. Compare the features of the five oceans on Earth. 23

PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 1. Why is the atmosphere integral to living beings? 2. On what basis are the five layers of atmosphere divided? 3. What is the atmosphere composed of? How do the gases help life on Earth? 4. How does temperature and density of the atmosphere affect living beings? 5. What is wind? 6. Why is biosphere called the zone of life? 7. What are the factors that threaten life on Earth? 8. How can we preserve life on Earth? 24

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option: a. Australia, Africa, North America, Asia b. Australia, North America, Asia, Africa 1. Life sustaining elements – c. Australia, Asia, Africa, North America a. Air, water and land d. Australia, North America, Africa, Asia b. Food, water and air 9. Which one of the following is called an island c. Rivers, mountains, oxygen continent? d. Fresh water, fresh food and fresh air a. Australia - because it is surrounded by water on 2. Continents and ocean basins together make up all sides for _______. b. Asia – it is surrounded by water below and land a. Biosphere b. Hydrosphere above it c. Land mass c. Africa – it appears like island d. Lithosphere d. Antarctica – it is far away from the main lands 10. One of the gases helps us by absorbing heat 3. Name the strait between India and Sri Lanka. radiated by the Earth, thereby keeping the a. Bering strait planet warm. Name it. b. Palk strait a. Oxygen c. Strait of Malacca b. Nitrogen d. Strait of Hormuz c. Carbon dioxide d. Argon 4. Elevation of any land is measured from _______, which is taken as zero. II. Short answer questions a. Base of the land 1. Write shortly about Antarctica. b. Level of nearby land mass 2. Biosphere – Interaction of living beings with c. Level of sea d. Average of nearby places global ecological system. Explain. 3. Mountain climbers experience problem in 5. Which highest mountain peak did Edmund Hillary (New Zealand) and Tenzing Norgay Sher- breathing at high altitudes and have to carry pa (India) climb on 29th May, 1953? oxygen cylinders. Assess the statement. a. Mount K2 b. Mounts Everest III. Long answer questions c. Mount Alps 1. Earth is considered as ‘blue planet’. Still, there is d. Mount Kanchenjunga shortage of water in this world. Emphasise the 6. What are indented coastlines? given statement. a. Which has smooth coastline 2. Inspect the term global warming and what are b. That aren't smooth and have cuts along its its cause and effects. length c. Which has lots of corals at coastline d. Which has lots of tidal waves 7. More than 97% of the Earth’s water found in the oceans is in _____. a. Salty form b. Ice sheets form c. Liquid form d. Fresh water 8. From the given list of continents, which one is arranged in ascending order of their land area? Pick the correct one. 25

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins 1. What is an isthmus? (1 mark) 6. Locate the following on the world map. (3 marks) 2. What is wind? (1 mark) • The largest and the smallest continent • An isthmus and a strait • The Southern Ocean PHYSICAL MAP OF WORLD 3. What are the three movements of ocean waters? (1 mark) 4. How can life be preserved on Earth? (1 mark) 5. Define atmosphere. List any two features of this domain. (3 marks) 7. How does temperature and density of the atmosphere affect living beings? (5 marks) 26

6. Major Landforms of the Earth Learning Outcomes At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Provide reasons for formation of plateaus. • Identify the major landforms of the Earth. Identify its features and determine its impact on the people living there. Determine the processes that led to their forma- tion and provide reasons for landform groupings. • Provide reasons for formation of plains. Identify • Provide reasons for formation of mountains and its features and determine its impact on the the different types. Identify its features and people living there. determine its impact on people living there. Concept Map Landforms of the Earth Internal processes Grouping of landforms External processes Mountains Plateaus Plains Formation/ Use Formation/ Use Formation/ Use features features features Fold Glaciers, Internal Mining, External Fertile, trans- Block storehouse of processes mineral processes, portation net- Volcanic water, terraces, resources, erosion and work, thickly flora, fauna, table tourism deposition populated tourism, rivers cultivation fuel, fodder, hydroelectric projects Impact on humans 27

6. Major Landforms of the Earth Key Points formation, features and examples of fold, block and volcanic mountains. • Process of formation of landforms of the Earth. • Usefulness of mountains and impact on people. Internal and external processes. • Plateaus: formation. Usefulness of plateaus and its impact on people. • Internal process: upliftment and sinking of • Plains: formation. Usefulness of plains and Earth’s surfaces due to internal movements. impact on people. • Humans adapting to landforms: challenges and • External process: erosion and deposition . solutions. • Grouping of landforms based on elevation and slope: mountain, mountain range, hill, plateau, plain, valley, basin, island, strait, isthmus, river, lake, tributary, distributary, coast delta, river mouth, peninsula, continents. • Mountains: formation. Types of mountains: Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Landforms of the Earth Identification Processes of formation: PS-1 -external PS-2 -internal PS-3 Grouping PS-4 Self-evaluation Sheet Mountains Formation Plateaus Types Features Plains Use Impact of/on people Formation Types Features Use Impact of/on people Formation Types Features Use Impact of/on people Worksheet for “Major Landforms of the Earth” Evaluation with self- check or Peer check* 28

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 10. On the given map locate and label different kinds of landfoPHrYmSICsAL.MAP OF WORLD 1. How are landforms formed? 2. What are the features of landforms on Earth? 11. What are mountain ranges? Give two examples. 3. How are landforms grouped? 3. Why are mining areas of the world located in 4. What are mountains? plateaus? 5. How are fold mountains formed? Give an 4. Why are there many waterfalls in the plateaus? Name two waterfalls in India. example. 5. List possible uses of plateaus for people. 6. What are block mountains? 7. Give an example of volcanic mountains? 8. How are mountains useful to people? 9. What are the challenges of living in a mountainous region? PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 1. What is a plateau? How is it formed? 2. On a world map name and locate a plateau each in AfricaPHaYSnICdAL IMnAdP OiaF W. ORLD PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 3. “Plains are useful areas for human habitation.” Give reasons. 1. How are plains formed? 2. On a world map locate plains in the different 4. Why do mountainous regions have lesser population than the plains? continents. PHYSICAL MAP OF WORLD 5. What are differences between a mountain and a plateau? 29

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option: a. Mountain Ranges b. Hillocks 1. A land surface that rises higher than the c. Mountain stretch surrounding area with less elevation- d. Block mountains a. Mountain b. Hill 9. State why mountains are thinly populated. c. Plain a. Harsh climatic conditions d. None of these b. Less land available for farming c. Steep slopes 2. Name the world’s highest mountain. d. All of the above a. Mt Kilimanjaro b. Mt Everest 10. Why do we have sloping roofs for houses in hilly c. Mt K2 areas? d. Mt Fujiyama a. Easy to build b. It would be easy for snow or rain to drain down 3. Choose the world’s longest mountain range c. Conical roofs give similar look to mountains from the given options? slopes a. The Alps d. Difficult to build flat roofs b. The Himalayas c. The Andes II. Short answer questions: d. The Aravalis 1. Explain briefly about the formation of plains. 4. Gold and diamond mining is done vastly here. 2. Summarise why mountains are considered as a. African plateau b. Chota Nagpur plateau storehouses of water. c. Deccan plateau 3. Explain Swacch Bharat Mission. d. The Tibet plateau III. Long answer questions 5. Name the process of wearing away of the Earth’s surface by running water. 1. List various types of mountains and describe a. Displacement them. b. Deposition c. Soil erosion 2. Distinguish between plateau and plains inter- d. Horsts preting their uses also. 6. Glacier means: a. Permanently frozen rivers of ice b. Deposits of ice c. Fall of snow d. Fall of hail 7. Mountains are generally famous for various sports due to their uneven surfaces. Name them. a. Paragliding b. Skiing c. River rafting d. All of the above 8. Which of these mountains are connected togeth- er generally to form a long line of mountains? 30

Self-Evaluation Sheet Marks: 15 Time: 30 Mins 1. How are landforms grouped? (1 mark) 7. How does the temperature and density of (1 mark) the atmosphere affect people who live in 2. What are mountain ranges? mountainous regions? (5 marks) 3. What mines are African plateaus famous for? (1 mark) 4. List two features of plains. (1 mark) 5. What are external and internal processes of the Earth? What is its impact? (3 marks) 6. On a world map: (3 marks) • The Alpine mountain ranges • The Deccan Plateau • Mt Kilimanjaro PHYSICAL MAP OF WORLD 31

7. Our Country - India Learning Outcomes At the end of this lesson, students will be able to: • Identify the political and administrative divisions • Locate the physical and political divisions on a of the India. map of India • Identify the features and location of the physical divisions of the country Concept Map Our Country Physical Area Location Political • 28 States • 9 Union Territories • 7 land boundary-sharing neighbours Mountains Plains Desert Plateau Coastal Plain Island Mountains Formation by rivers Hot and Cold Peninsula • Oceans, • Lakshad- Himalayas: • Indus Desert Ranges: seas, rivers weep • Himadri • Ganga • Thar Aravalli, Indian Ocean • Andaman • Himachal • Brahmaputra • Ladakh Vindhyas, • Arabian Sea and Nicobar • Shivalik Satpura, Western and western Islands Ghats/ Sahyadri coastal plain Eastern Ghats • Bay of Bengal and Eastern Coastal plain • Narmada Tapi • Mahanadi Godavari • Krishna Kaveri 32

7. Our Country - India Key Points » Coastal Plains: East and West coastal line, » Oceans, seas and rivers: Indian ocean, • Area, locational setting • Physical division and political division Arabian sea, Bay of Bengal, Mahanadi, • Feature and location of: Godavari, Krishna, Kaveri, Narmada, Tapti » Islands: Lakshadweep, Andaman and » Mountains: Himalayas: Himadri, Himachal, Nicobar Islands Shivalik. • Political divisions: 28 States, 8 Union Territories, neighbouring countries » Gangetic Plains: Indus, Brahmaputra, Ganga and tributaries » Desert: Thar, Ladakh » Plateau: Peninsular Deccan. Mountain ranges: Aravalli, Vindhyas, Satpura, Western(Sahyadri) and Eastern Ghats Work Plan Concept Coverage Coverage details Practice Sheet Locational Settings • Longitude, latitude, geographical PS-1 Area Physical features setting PS-2 • Size of the country Political features • Mountains PS-3 • Plains PS-4 • Deserts Self-evaluation Sheet • Plateau • Coastal plains • Islands • Oceans, seas, rivers • States • Union Territories • Neighbours Worksheet for “Our Country - India” Evaluation with self-check or Peer check* 33

PRACTICE SHEET - 1 (PS-1) 1. What is the latitudinal and longitudinal 5. Match the facts. coordinates for India? 2. Through which Indian states does the Tropic of a 3,200 km Total area of India Answer Longitudinal extant Cancer pass? b 82°30’E from east to west 3. Why is there a two hour difference in local time One hundred Total area from between Gujarat and Arunachal Pradesh? What twenty crores Arunachal Pradesh to is the Indian Standard Time? c Kachchh 4. On a map of India locate the following: d 2,900 km Total area from Kash- Your State mir to Kanyakumari Tropic of Cancer and the states through which it e 29 degree India’s population passes f 3.28 million sq Longitude taken as Longitude of IndIniadina SPotlaitincadl alVrIadp Time km Indian Standard Time ',. . 0 • PRACTICE SHEET - 2 (PS-2) 8. Where are the coastal plains located? What are some of its unique features? 1. Identify the physical features of India on a map. 9. Where are the island groups of India located? 2. Where are the Himalayan mountains located? 34 3. Name the three parallel ranges of the Himalayas? List an important feature of each range. 4. How are the northern plains formed? Why do more people live in the plains? 5. Where are the two deserts found in India located? Compare the two deserts. 6. What is the difference between the peninsular plateau and the north Indian plains? 7. What are the important features of the peninsular plateau?

PRACTICE SHEET - 3 (PS-3) 4. How have the states been formed in India? 5. Which is the largest and smallest state in India 1. How has the country been divided for administrative purposes? in terms of area? 6. Name India’s neighbouring countries. 2. Locate all the states and Union Territories in the map of India? India Political lVIap ',. . 0 • 3. Name the national capital of India? Locate it on the map of India. India Political lVIap ',. . 0 • 35

PRACTICE SHEET - 4 (PS-4) I. Choose the correct option: 7. India is called a peninsular country. How? a. Because it is surrounded by water on three sides 1. A piece of land that is surrounded by water on b. Because it contains all three major landforms – three sides- mountains, plateaus, plains a. Peninsula c. Because it is surrounded by water on three sides b. Island and land on one side c. Landlocked d. Because half of it is surrounded by land and d. Strait other half by water bodies 2. The Indian islands which lie in Bay of Bengal are 8. Why is there less precipitation in the Thar desert? _________. a. Aravalli mountain ranges obstruct the monsoon a. Lakshadweep islands clouds b. Andaman and Nicobar islands b. Very little moisture in the atmosphere c. Maldives islands c. Area is very dry naturally d. Diu island d. Option a and b 3. How many states and Union Territories are 9. Why are majority of hill stations situated in there in India? middle Himalayas (Himachal)? a. 29 states and 6 UTs a. Climate is habitable and very pleasant b. 31 states and 7 UTs b. Easy place for vegetation c. 29 states and 9 UTs c. Very cool place to escape the hot weather d. 28 states and 9 UTs conditions of south d. Economical and convenient 4. Why the local time of longitude of 82°30'E has been taken as the Indian Standard Time? 10. Northern plains are considered to be fertile a. Because it was followed since ages lands. Choose the correct reason behind it? b. Because this meridian passes through the a. They are situated south of Himalayas which is a middle of the country cool place c. Because it was at appropriate distance from b. These areas are formed by the alluvial deposits prime meridian laid down by many rivers that flow d. Because it is a meridian followed by all Asian c. There are many rivers in this region countries d. The land has retaining capacity of various minerals 5. Tributary can be understood as a. A river or stream which enters into a main river II. Short answer questions: by discharging it into the river b. A river which divides itself into streams 1. How are corals formed? c. A stream which distributes its water for irrigation 2. Which are the coral islands of India situated in d. A river or stream which ends (enters) into a the Arabian sea and how are they formed? huge lake 3. What is tsunami and what are the problems 6. Which of the following is the correct explanation people faced during 2004 tsunami? of Delta? a. The areas where we can find fine soils brought III. Long Answer questions: down by rivers b. Meeting point of three rivers 1. Explain Himalayan ranges and peninsular c. It is an area of land formed at the mouth of the plateau briefly? river (Where river enters the sea) d. The starting place where a river is born 2. It is known that the Northern Indian plains have high concentration of population than Himalayan mountainous region. Write briefly supporting the statement. 36