202110216-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-ENGLISH-G07-PART2

English Workbook_7_P_2.pdf 1 10/18/19 1:01 PM 7 Part - 2 Name: ___________________________________ Section: ________________ Roll No.: _________ School: __________________________________

Table of Contents Unit No. Content Page No. Unit 6 2-19 2. My Nasty Adventure 3. Learn How to Climb Trees 20-61 CCE Based Practice Questions 62-96 Unit 7 1. The Wonderful World of Chess 97-120 2. Chess 3. Koneru Humpy CCE Based Practice Questions Unit 8 1. Snakes in India 2. Trees 3. A Letter from Mother Earth CCE Based Practice Questions Extra CCE Examination-based Material 1

UNIT 6 SESSION 7 MY NASTY ADVENTURE – READING 7.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Verb crash poked fall or come pushed a pointed down violently object into something or someone tickled scratch touched lightly in a to cut or damage a sensitive part of the surface with something bodycausing laughter sharp or rough Adverb frantically very anxiously Noun breeze a gentle wind bruises dark marks left on the skin when one has been hit UNIT 6 2

LESSON 2-MY NASTY ADVENTURE bugs small insects 7.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary The poet is a child. This poem is about a school going boy, who does not want to go to school. He wants to take rest and sleep. One day, he has a dream and in that dream, he dreams that he is travelling in a plane which is about to crash. To avoid crashing, he opens his parachute and when he is about to land, there is a gentle wind which makes him land safely on pine trees. But, he had the trouble of bruises, thorns, mosquitoes and bites from small insects. Unable to bear all the pain, wakes up. He thinks that it is better to go to school rather than sleeping and dreaming. Self Assessment: Fill in the blanks with yes/ somewhat/ no I enjoyed reading the poem. I was able to interpret the poem on my own. I got the idea with the help of my friends in the group The teacher helped me to understand the poem. I used the glossary given at the end of the poem. UNIT 6 3

SESSION 8 MY NASTY ADVENTURE – LITERATURE 8.1 Literature - QA Q1. Who do you think is the speaker in the poem? A. I think the speaker in the poem is a school going child. Q2. Which line of the poem suggests that the speaker was only dreaming? A. The line “I scratched myself when I woke up” suggests that the speaker was only dreaming. Q3. Why did the speaker feel like a fool? A. The speaker felt like a fool because he was sleeping and his experiences in his dreams were painful when he was supposed to go to school. Q4. What did the speaker finally want to do? A. The speaker finally wanted to go to school. Q5. Have you ever experienced any adventure in your life? If yes, share it with your classmates. A. (write yes, if you have experienced any adventure in your life or else write no) ( if your have experienced any adventure, write about it). Q6. Do you think the title ‘My Nasty Adventure’ is suitable for this poem? Give reasons. Give your own title and tell the class why you have chosen it. A. I think the title is (suitable or unsuitable) UNIT 6 4

LESSON 2-MY NASTY ADVENTURE (reasons why its suitable or unsuitable) Q7. Why is the poem titled ‘My Nasty Adventure’? A. It was named so because the poet has a nasty adventure in his dream. Q8. List the rhyming words in the poem. A. and – land fool – school light – night breeze – trees painfully – frantically UNIT 6 5

SESSION 9 LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES – READING 9.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Verb paling scrub appearing less bright an area of dry land covered with bushes and trees cackling collapse making a loud to fall down suddenly unpleasant noise because of loss of strength / support sew (ed) frighten to cause a feeling of fear to join/attach something using a needle and thread grasp twitch to catch hold of some- make a small sudden thing movement stuff to push or put something into a small space UNIT 6 6

LESSON 3-LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES Noun nullah navel a water course, the small hollow or especially a dry one raised place in the middle of one’s stomach 9.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary Jim Corbett is the writer of this story. He was an excellent shooter. When he was eight years old, Kunwar Singh, a great hunter came to him. He wished that Jim Corbett would become a great hunter. He advised the boy to learn how to climb trees. He then told a story about why climbing trees is important. Once in the month of April, Kunwar Singh and his friend Har Singh went to the forests for hunting. A tiger was seen on the sand of the nullah. It slowly left the nullah. Har Singh shot at a bird on the tree. The tiger was disturbed and came towards them with a frightening roar. While Kunwar Singh climbed a tree, Har Singh could not climb trees. The tiger sprang upon him. He was injured at the navel. The tiger went away when the gun was fired into the air by Kunwar Singh. Then, Kunwar Singh put the intestines back into Har Singh’s body and tied them down with the turban. Later they reached the house of a doctor and the doctor sewed up the hole. This story tells us how important it is for hunters to learn how to climb trees. Self Assessment: Fill in the boxes using yes/ somewhat / no. I enjoyed reading the passage. I got the idea of the passage on my own. I got the idea with the help of my friends in the group. The teacher helped me to understand the passage. I used the glossary given at the end of the passage. UNIT 6 7

SESSION 10 LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES – LITERATURE 10.1 Literature - QA Q1. What do you think is the main reason for the tiger’s attack on Har Singh? A. When the tiger came towards them, Har Singh fired at it so the tiger attacked Har Singh. Q2. What kind of a person was the doctor? Justify your answer. A. The doctor was a very kind person. He treated Har Singh though it was an odd time of the day and did not accept any money. Q3. What would you have done if you were in the narrator’s place when the tiger attacked Har Singh? A. If I were in the narrator’s place, I would have (write what you would have done). Q4. What do you think the narrator wants to convey through this story? A. The narrator wanted to say that the hunters or people going through a forest area must know how to climb trees. UNIT 6 8

LESSON 3-LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES Q5. Self Assessment How well have I understood this unit? Read and tick ( ) in the appropriate box. A. Indicators Yes Somewhat No – I was able to talk on the saying ‘Fortune favours the brave’. (Face sheet) I read and understood the text: – – A. A Hero B. My Nasty Adventure C. Learn How to Climb Trees I was able to do the exercises on synonyms and proverbs given under ‘Vocabulary’. I was able to understand and do the exercises on simple past and past continuous tense given under ‘Grammar’. I was able to write a diary entry given under ‘Writing’. I was able to do the activity given under Study Skills. I listened to and understood the story ‘Carried Away by an Eagle’, answered the questions and retold the story given under ‘Listening and Speaking’. I was able to complete the ‘Project Work’ and present it to the class. UNIT 6 9

MY NASTY ADVENTURE ---------- CCE Based Practice Questions ---------- CHAPTER 2: MY NASTYADVENDTURE Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Poem) Session 6 Read the following poem and answer the questions that follow. DREAM Last night I dreamed of chickens, There were chickens everywhere, They were standing on my stomach, They were nesting in my hair, They were pecking at my pillow, They were hopping on my head, They were ruffling up their feathers As they raced about my bed. They were on the chairs and tables, They were on the chandeliers, They were roosting in the corners, They were clucking in my ears, There were chickens, chickens, chickens For as far as I could see... When I woke today, I noticed There were eggs on top of me. I. Choose the right answer. 1. What were the chickens doing on his/her stomach? [] A. Jumping B. Sitting C. Standing D. Sleeping UNIT 6 10

MY NASTY ADVENTURE 2. How did the chickens use the poet’s hair? [ ] A. For nesting B. For roosting in the corner C. For pecking D. For clucking 3. What are the chickens doing, when they are roosting? [ ] [ ] A. pecking B. jumping C. resting D. eating 4. Where were the chickens racing? A. About the room B. About the bed C. About the law D. About the village II. Write rhyming words for the following words from the poem. 1. Head - 2. See - 3. Ears - UNIT 6 11

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES CHAPTER 3: LEARNHOW TOCLIMB TREES Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Passage) Session 7 Read the following passage to answer the questions given below. PRESENCE OF MIND There was a dense forest on the sides of a mountain. Many kinds of animals lived in the forest. A deer was eating grass and leaves with her two young ones. The young ones wandered happily here and there. The deer followed her fawns. The young ones entered a cave. The deer was frightened. It was a tiger‘s cave. There were bones of dead animals all over the cave. Fortunately, the tiger was not inside the cave at that time. The deer first thought of leading her young ones out of the cave. Just then she heard a loud roar. She saw the tiger at a distance. The tiger was coming towards the cave. It was dangerous to go out of the cave now. She thought of a plan. The tiger had come closer to the cave. The deer raised her voice and shouted, “My dear young children, do not weep. I shall capture a tiger for you to eat. You can have a good dinner.” The tiger heard these words. He was disturbed. He said to himself, “Whose is that strange voice? Was that from the cave? A dangerous animal is staying inside to capture me. It is better to run away to escape death.” The tiger ran away as fast as possible. I. Choose the correct answer. 1. The cubs of a tiger are the same as the _____________________ of a deer. [ ] ] A. calves B. animals C. fawns D. foals 2. The cave belonged to the ___________________. [ A. dead animals B. tiger C. deer D. young children II. Answer the following questions. 1. Why was it dangerous to go out of the cave? A. 2. What was the plan that the deer thought of? 12 A. UNIT 6

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES 3. Why did the tiger run away from the cave as fast as possible? A. 4. What is the moral of the story? A. III. Write the meaning of the following words from the passage. 1. Dense - 2. Wandered - 3. Fortunately - 4. Capture - 5. Disturbed - IV. Write the opposites of the following words taken from the passage. 1. Entered × 2. Dangerous × 3. Weep × 4. Strange × 5. Lead × Read the following passage to answer the questions given below. OPPORTUNITY KNOCKS BUT ONCE Once there was a flood in a town. All the people in the village moved to safe places. However, there was a man who said, “I have faith in God. He will save me.” Some people who were passing by called to the man “Come with us. We are going to the next town.” The man only replied, “God will save me.” The floodwater rose higher. When a rescue boat came to take people away and called him, the man only said, “God will save me”. Finally, a helicopter came to rescue the people in the town. The man continued to say, “I am sure, God will save me”. The helicopter too flew away. The man stayed put and soon the water engulfed him and he was washed away by the flood. When he reached heaven UNIT 6 13

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES he asked God, “Why didn‘t you help me? I had so much faith in you!” God replied, “Yes, but who do you think sent the people, the rescue boat and the helicopter to save you?” So, don‘t complain about lack of opportunities. There are many opportunities around. One should only know how and where to look for them! I. Choose the correct answer. [] 1. All the people in the village moved to the_____________. A. town B. forest C. safe place D. boat 2. The danger to the safety of the people was from __________________. [ ] A. drained water B. water that kept rising higher C. rainwater D. water that washed away the man 3. Which of the following did God NOT send as an answer to the man’s faith? [ ] A. a boat B. the people C. a helicopter D. a car II. Answer the following questions. 1. What was the belief of the man? A. 2. How many opportunities did the man miss? A. 3. Why did the man miss the opportunities? A. 4. What did the man ask God? A. 5. Think of a proverb/moral that goes with this story. A. III. Write the meaning of the words taken from the passage. 1. Faith - 2. Rescue - 3. Washed away - 4. Passing by - UNIT 6 14

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES IV. Write the opposites of the words taken from the passage. 1. Continue × 2. Reply × 3. Rise × 4. Rescue        × Vocabulary Session 8 I. Write the meaning of the following proverbs. 1. No smoke without fire. A. 2. Cleanliness is next to godliness. A. 3. True wisdom is the price of happiness. A. 4. Goodness brightens beauty. A. 5. It is a good tongue that speaks no ill. A. 6. Anger punishes itself. A. 7. Guilt is always cowardly. A. 8. The truth is the best advocate. A. 9. Birds of the same feather flock together. A. 10. Sour work, sweet sleep. A. UNIT 6 15

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES II. Match the following idioms with their meanings. A () B () 1. Pull somebody's leg () A. Needed, appropriate and absolutely right. 2. Right as rain () B. To chat idly or generally waste time talking 3. Hoot the breeze () C. To express scorn or to disregard. 4. Spill the beans () D. Both good and bad times. 5. Through thick and thin E. Reveal someone's secret. 6. Thumb one‘s nose F. To tease or to joke by telling a lie. Grammar Session 9 I. Fill in the blanks with suitable forms of the words underlined. 1. Srinu has a _____________________ handwriting. He writes neatly. 2. He is a ___________________________ man. He spends his money wisely. 3. Anju has a ________________________________ voice. She sings sweetly. 4. The soldier was _________________________________. He fought bravely. 5. She is a ___________________________________ person. She sits quietly. 6. The people were ___________________________________. They waited patiently. 7. The teacher was _________________________________. She shouted angrily. 8. Bittu is a ___________________________________ driver. He drives carefully. 9. The old man was _____________________________________. He walked slowly. 10. Our soldiers are very _____________________________. They fight against the enemy courageously. UNIT 6 16

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES II. Can you describe yourself to someone who hasn’t seen you, but would like to know how you look? See if some of the following expressions will help you in your description: Face : square, round, long, oval scar, mole Eyes : black, brown, blue, green, grey, light Hair : long, short, curly, bald, straight, dark, grey, thin, thick, wavy Complexion : fair, dark, light, pale Nose : long, pointed, hooked, turned-up, short, flat Mouth : wide, small. thin lips, full lips Forehead : high, low A. Writing Session 10 I. Write a paragraph using the following hints: Computer - useful - hardware - software - jobs - entertainment - easy to learn – save energy and time - cheap - extensively offices, industries, institutes. A. UNIT 6 17

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES II. Write a narrative essay on the historical monument, “Charminar” about 200 words. Remember the essay should contain paragraphs. You could base your easy on the following points:- a) Location b) Physical characteristics c) History (who built it and when was it built) d) How is it useful or important A. UNIT 6 18

LEARN HOW TO CLIMB TREES III. Study the picture carefully and write a story or description about what it suggests to you. Hints: The first day of my class 7 final exams - English - scared - my cousin's marriage - did not study properly - praying to god - easy paper - the invigilator - my science teacher - very strict - she announced and distributed paper - relieved - easy paper - did well - happy in the end A. UNIT 6 19

UNIT 7 SESSION 1 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – READING Oral Discourse Your favourite game or sport. Hints: • There are so many sports and games that you might play. But there has to be one which you really enjoy. Talk about that game, give reasons why you like it so much. How often do you play it? What specific rules do you think make the game enjoyable. Moreover, is there any sports person associated with the game that you like? Who is he/she? 1.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Verb vanish penetrate to disappear or stop to move into or through being present or something existing capture involve to take someone as a include prisoner, especially by force. Noun accountant someone who keeps opponent the records of money a person being received, paid and owed competed against in a game or a sport UNIT 7 20

figure LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS a number limelight pauper public attention a very poor person knight strategy the chess piece with a a planned series of horse head on it. actions for achieving something. awestruck filled with feelings of Adjective admiration or respect restricted affiliated limited, especially become part of a larger by rules, laws, etc group or organisation gigantic enormous,extremely large UNIT 7 21

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS 1.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary This lesson is about the game of chess. The game consists of a board with 64 squares and some chessmen. This game is to be played by two persons. Even though this game was invented by an Indian, it gained popularity throughout the world. This game improves memory, concentration and logical thinking. It also increases the mathematical abilities and problem solving skills. In some countries this game is being taught as one of the subjects. Our country is home to a lot of wonderful players who have gained top ranks in the world. This game is played with strict rules. Hindus believe that it was invented by Queen Mandodari. H.J.R.Murray says that it was invented by a scholar from North-West India around 5th century. The pieces (chessman) like the rook, the knight, the bishop, etc., move on the board in a quiet, restricted way. A player marches her chessmen and tries to capture the opponent’s king. The state associations are affiliated to the All India Chess Federation, which in turn is affiliated to the World Chess Federation. Self Assessment: 22 Fill in the boxes using yes/ somewhat/ no. I enjoyed reading the passage. I got the idea of the passage on my own. I got the idea with the help of my friend in the group. The teacher helped me to understand the passage. I used the glossary given at the end of the passage. UNIT 7

SESSION 2 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – LITERATURE 2.1 Literature - QA I. Read quickly and answer the following questions. Q1. Is chess played only in a few countries or all over the world? A. It is played almost all over the world. Q2. Who invented chess? A. Hindus believe that it was invented by Queen Mandodari, the wife of king Ravana. H.J.R. Murray, a historian, says that it was invented by a scholar from North–West India. Q3. Is chess an expensive game? A. No, it is not an expensive game. Q4. Can the chessmen move in any way they like? A. No, they can’t. They have strict rules to move. Q5. What is the national body for chess? A. All India Chess Federation is the national body for chess. Q6. Do we have good chess players in India? Name a few. A. Yes we have good chess players. Some of them are: Manuel Aaron, Viswanathan Anand, Dibyenda Barua, Krishnan Sasikiran, Parimarjan Negi, Koneru Humpy, Pendyala Harikrishna, Dronavalli Harika. II. Answer the following questions individually. Q1. Who do you think invented chess, Mandodari or the scholar from North–West India’ Why? UNIT 7 23

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS A. The game of ‘Chess’ was invented by the scholar from North-West India only in 5th century. This was confirmed by a great historian H.J.R. Murray. Another belief is that chess was invented by Queen Mandodari, the wife of king Ravana. Hindus firmly believe in this theory however, it is difficult to believe without any evidence. Hence, chess might be invented by the scholar from North-West India. Q2. The story did not tell anything about what the king had done. What do you think had happened? What would you have felt if you were the inventor (or the king)? A. The king did not do anything in the story as it could be impossible for him. If I were the inventor, I would have felt (write how you would feel ) Q3. Can a pawn capture the queen? Support your answer quoting from the essay. A. A pawn can capture the queen. “It can go one square diagonally when it captures one of his opponent’s men, even if it is the mighty king.” Q4. In what way are the rook and the bishop are similar? A. Both can move to any square provided it is on their path. Q5. Which of the chessmen do you think is the most powerful one? Why? A. The (write the name of the chessman) is the most powerful chessman, I think. (write why you think this chessman is powerful) Q6. The possible positions of some chessmen (represented by a four–point star) are dotted in the following pictures. Match them with the appropriate piece. A. UNIT 7 24

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q7. A rook, a knight and a bishop are shown in the picture. Put a cross in all the squares that the rook can go. Put a tick in all the squares that the knight can go. A. Student's response UNIT 7 25

SESSION 3 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – VOCABULARY 3.1 Vocabulary I. Word Meaning In an expository essay like this, you often find many cues that help you guess the meaning of unfamiliar words, if there are any. For example, in the first two sentences, If the word ‘vanish’ is unfamiliar to you, you can guess its meaning from then next sentence. Both the sentences are similar. You know that ‘kings’ in the second sentence is related to ‘kingdoms’ in the first sentence. Hence you can guess the meaning of ‘vanished’ from ‘gone’. This is supported by ‘but’ and ‘remained with us’ in the third sentence. While guessing the meaning, the overall theme, the meaning of the paragraph,and the meaning of other sentences help you. I. Look at the following sentences taken from the essay. Discuss them in your group and discover the clues that help you guess the meaning of unfamiliar words. The next time you read a text, try to guess the meaning using the available clues. Q1. A. Here we can guess that the meaning of “vanish” is “gone” with the help of the words “king- doms” and “kings”! Q2. A. The meaning of the word ‘pauper’ can be guessed from the word ‘king’. ‘Even if’ is a phrase supporting your view. The word ‘pauper’ is an opposite in meaning for the word king. So pauper means very poor. UNIT 7 26

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q3. A. Here ‘penetrate’ is the unfamiliar word. The word opponent has to be surprised. How to push forward into the enemy’s forces. So the meaning of the word can be guessed – ’to move into’. Q4. A. Pieces are chessmen and the chessmen are the rook, the knight, the bishop etc. They move in a restricted way. The movement of the chessmen is restricted but not free. Q5. A. Here we have two words simple and complicated. The meaning of the word simple is known to us. ‘But' is there, so 'complicated' is opposite in meaning. Thus we can guess the meaning of the word ‘complicated’ is filled with problems. Q6. A. The meaning of the word gigantic is huge and corresponds to enormous in the sentence.The word figure here means number. II. Hypernym and Hyponyms You have learnt that the king, the queen, the bishop, etc. are called ‘chessmen’. So, you can call any of them a ‘chessman’. This is a special word that represents six names. Such a word that includes the meanings of other particular words is called ‘superordinate’ word or a ‘hypernym’. The words that are included in a hypernym are called hyponyms. In the above example, chessman is the hypernym. Its hyponyms are ‘king’, ‘queen’, ‘bishop’, ‘knight’, ‘rook’ and ‘pawn’. A hypernym can be a hyponym of another hypernym. For example, rose, brick red, and crimson are hyponyms of ‘red’. But red is a hyponym of ‘colour’. This can be illustrated as shown below. UNIT 7 27

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q1. Look at the 25 pictures and the words given at the start of the unit and identify hypernyms and hyponyms. Use the diagram given below. You can add some more words from your vocabulary. A. UNIT 7 28

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q2. In groups, draw similar diagrams on charts to show hypernyms and hyponyms related to sports, strength sports, athletics, runs, sprints, relays, jumps and throws. Display them in the class. A. UNIT 7 29

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS UNIT 7 30

SESSION 4 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – GRAMMAR 4.1 Grammar I. Clauses Study these sentences. 1. If you want an idea of how big this number is, imagine you have this much money. 2. Then, if you spend one crore rupees every second of your life, it takes approximately 60,000 years for you to spend all the money. 3. If she does that, she calls out ‘checkmate’ and wins the game. 4. If you are on the lookout, you will find many invitation tournaments conducted at school, village, mandal, district and state levels. In the above sentences, a condition is expressed using ‘if–clauses’. Notice the comma at the end of the clause. The clause that follows it is the main clause. Notice the tense in both the clauses – it is simple present. However, sentence 4 has ‘will’, denoting ‘future’. Sentences 2 and 3 talk about what happens when the condition is met, whereas the first sentence asks the listener/reader to do something when the condition is met with (notice the imperative in the main clause). If-clauses: type 0 and 1 Sentences 2 and 3 talk about what is certain according to mathematics and according to the rules of chess respectively. This type of condition is called if–clause type 0. This is also used to talk about universal truths, common sense, experience, and facts decided by science. Eg. 1. If you heat ice, it melts. 2. If you put blue litmus paper in any acid, it turns red. 3. If you step on a snake, it bites. Sentence 4 is an example of if–clause Type –1. Here ‘will’ is used in the main clause to talk about the possibility of an action in the future. UNIT 7 31

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Sentence 1 has an imperative in the main clause. We do not know whether it will be fulfilled or not. Since this too expresses possibility, it comes under if–clause type 1. Notice that if–clause Type –0 does not talk about possibility. Usually, it talks about certainty. It does not use ‘will’ or any other auxiliary in the main clause. II. If - Clauses Q1. Read the following sentences and underline the if–clauses. Then, decide whether they are type 0 or type 1. Discuss and then write ‘0’ or ‘1’ against each sentence. A. 1. You need not buy pink colour. If you mix red and white, you get pink. (Type – 0) 2. Listen to your father. If you do not listen to him, you will be in trouble. (Type–1) 3. My brother said, “If you want to get good marks, why don’t you study harder?” (Type–1) 4. Do not take away my homework book. If you do it once again, I will take you to the headmas- ter. (Type–1) 5. I have a number in my mind. If you divide it by 2 you get zero. If you multiply it by 2 , you still get zero. What is it? (Type–0) 6. My science teacher said, “If you keep phosphorous in air, it catches fire.” (Type–0) 7. It is getting late. If we do not take a taxi, we will not catch the train . (Type–1) 8. Miss Bhanu is very strict. If I am late, she will stand me in the corner . (Type–1) 9. My social teacher said, “If the demand increases, the prices go up.” (Type–0) 32 10. My English teacher said, “If you want to learn English, read a lot.” (Type–1) UNIT 7

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q3. Take three Type 0 clauses and three Type 1 clauses. Replace ‘if’ with ‘when’ and write the sentences. What did you observe? Which sentence sounds natural? A. Type–0 Clauses: If you mix red and white, you get pink. When you mix red and white you get pink. If I am late, my teacher asks me to stand upon the bench for sometime. When I am late my teacher asks me to stand upon the bench for sometime. If you keep phosphorus in air, it catches fire. When you keep phosphorus in air, it catches fire. ‘If clause’ sounds natural. Type–1 Clauses: If you do not listen to him, you will be in trouble. When you do not listen to him, you will be in trouble. If you do it once again, I will take you to the Headmaster. When you do it once again, I will take you to the Headmaster. If we do not take a taxi, we will not catch the train. When we do not take a taxi, we will not catch the train. “Here also the ‘if –clause’ sounds natural”. Q2. Write ten sentences with if clause Type 0 and Type 1. Use the following clues If you like. 1. oil – water –turn – steam 2. divide an even number by two – zero 3. disturb a snake –bite UNIT 7 33

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS 4. save money – help in old age 5. keep quiet – tell a story 6. take medicine – get well 7. meet Ravi Varma – ask – see me 8. buy – two pairs – one pair free 9. help me with English – help with Maths 10. miss bus – what you do? A. Type–0 Sentences i. If we boil water, it becomes steam. ii. If we divide an even number by two, the remainder is zero. iii. If you disturb a snake, it bites you. iv. If I save money, it helps me in old age. v. If you buy two pairs, you get one pair free. vi. You get well, if you take medicine. vii. If you miss the bus, what do you do? viii. If you give a lift, I will reach the station early. ix. If oil is burnt, it gives power. x. If you catch the train, you will reach the place in time. Type –1 Sentences i. If you disturb a snake, it will bite you. ii. If you save money, it will help in old age. iii. If you keep quiet, I will tell you a story. iv. If you take medicine, you will get well. v. If you meet Ravi Varma, ask him to see me. vi. If you walk quickly, you will catch the train. vii. If you help me with English, I will help you with Maths. viii. If you miss the bus, what will you do ? ix. If you get a prize, what will you do with the money? x. If he is a traitor, he will cheat you. UNIT 7 34

SESSION 5 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – WRITING 5.1 Writing Q. Collect some information about your favourite sport or game and write a brief essay on your favourite sport/ game. A. I like cricket. It is a game played by 11 members. It is played in different countries nowadays. Many countries have begun to show greater interest towards cricket. In Asia, four countries India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka and Bangladesh are very good at this game and have reached the world cup tournament many times. Matches are conducted among the nations by the International Cricket Council among the nations.There are mainly three types of matches in this game. Test match, One-Day International and T20. India is one of the leading countries in this game. Cricket was first played in Southern England in the 16thcentury. Q. The following paragraph has some errors in capitalisation, punctuation, prepositions and forms of verb. Correct them and rewrite the paragraph in your notebook. “Health is wealth.” If we understand this, we can keep ourselves fit apart from a balanced diet, sports is necesary to maintain our health. We may feel that, if we spend our time in playing, when should we study here is solution study on the morning as the mind is fresh. After you return home from school, play for about one to two hours as the mind is tired. Then you can study again. So friends, always remember the proverb, all study and no play makes Jack a dull boy. This proverb not only apply to jack but for all of us. A. “Health is wealth”. If you understand this, you can keep yourself fit. Apart from a balanced diet, sports is also necessary to maintain our health. We may feel that if we spend our time in playing, when should we study? Here is a solution. Study in the morning as the mind will be fresh. After you return from school, play for about 1 or 2 hours. Your mind will be tired by that time. Afterwards you can study again. So friends, remember this proverb ‘All study and no play makes Jack a dull boy’. This proverb applies not only to Jack but also to all of us. UNIT 7 35

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q. How well did I edit my work? A. Fill in the boxes using yes/ somewhat/ no. I deleted the excess words. I corrected the wrong forms of words. I corrected the punctuation errors. I added new words wherever necessary. I corrected the miss spelt words. Q. How well did I write? A. Fill in the boxes using yes/ somewhat/no. I was able to explain / describe / narrate well. The sentences I used were properly connected. I was able to express my ideas in apt–words. The ideas were arranged in proper sequence. I used proper punctuation marks. UNIT 7 36

SESSION 6 THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS – STUDY AND LISTENING 6.1 Study and Listening Study Skills: I. Reference material is usually available in the following forms (See the box below.) Each of them serves a specific purpose. If we know what is what we will be able to get the information we want without much effort. UNIT 7 37

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q1. Some books on chess are given below. The name of the author is in regular font and the title of the book is in italics. The year of publication is within the brackets. Using this in formation and the information given in the above box, try to answer the following questions: (Refer to P.114 “Books on chess) of Text book. A. Books on Chess 1. Harkness, Kenneth (1967). Official Chess Handbook. David McKay. LCCN 66–13085. 2. Chandler, Murray (2003). Chess Tactics for Kids. Gambit. ISBN 1901983994. 3. Wolf, Patrick. The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Chess. 4. Giddins, Stephen (2006). 50 Essential Chess Lessons. 5. Harkness, Kenneth (1970), Official Chess Rulebook, McKay, ISBN 0–679–13028 6. Hall, Jesper. Chess Training for Budding Champions. 7. Kongsted, Christian (2003). How to Use Computers to Improve Your Chess. Gambit Publications. 8. Harkness, Kenneth (1956). The Official Blue Book and Encyclopedia of Chess. David McKay. OCLC 1578704 9. Kosteniuk, Alexandra (2009). Diary of a Chess Queen.Mongoose Press.ISBN 978–0–9791482–7–9. 10. Chernev, Irving (1976). Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best Games. Dover (1995 ed.). ISBN 978–0486286747 (1995 ed.). 11. Kosteniuk, Alexandra (2001). How I Became a Grandmaster at Age 14. Moscow. ISBN 5829300435. 12. Alexander Kotov (Jun 30, 2003). Play Like a Grandmaster. 13. Levy, David; Newborn, Monty (1991). How Computers Play Chess.Computer Science Press. ISBN 0–7167–8121–2. 14. Bobby, Fischer. My 60 Memorable Games 15. John Nunn. Learn Chess. UNIT 7 38

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS 16. Euwe, Max; Timman, Jan (2002). Fischer World Champion!. ISBN 978–90–5691–095–2. 17. Kidder, Harvey (1960). Illustrated Chess for Children. Doubleday. ISBN 0–385–05764–4. Q2. Answer the following questions. A. 1. Who wrote 'Chess Training for Budding Champions'? Ans. Hall and Jesper wrote “Chess Training for Budding Champions” . 2. When was 'The Diary of A Chess Queen' written? Ans. 'The Diary of a Chess Queen' was written in the year 2009. 3. Name two authors who wrote books for children? Ans. Chandler Murray and Kidder Harvey wrote books for children. 4. You do not know chess. You want to learn it. Which books will you choose? Ans. I choose, John Nunn’s, ‘Learn Chess’, Kidder Harvey’s ‘Illustrated Chess for Children, Wolf Patrick’s ‘The Complete Idiot’s Guide to Chess' and '50 Essential Chess Lessons' by Stephen Giddins, to know and learn chess. . 5. You have come across an unknown term like ‘King’s Indian’ while reading a book. Which book do you consult? Ans. I will consult ‘The Official Blue book and Encyclopaedia of Chess’ written by Kenneth Harkness to know about the unknown term, ‘King’s Indian.’ 6. You are learning chess and you want to know the rules. Which book do you turn to? Ans. I will turn to the book \"Learn Chess\" written by John Nunn and the “Official Chess Rule Book” to know the rules of chess. 7. Name a few books which are good for people who are already good chess players. Ans. Good books for chess players are UNIT 7 39

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS (1) Official Chess Handbook by Kenneth Harkness. (2) Official Chess Rulebook by Kenneth Harkness. (3) The Official Blue Book and Encyclopedia of Chess by Kenneth Harkness. (4) Twelve Great Chess Players and their Best Games by Chernev Irving. (5) My 60 Memorable Games by Bobby Fischer. 8. What do you expect to see in the book, How Computers Play Chess? Ans. In the Book “How Computers Play Chess” we can see a number of tips for success in chess game. It develops our skill. 9. Pick out the books that give biographical sketches of chess players. Ans. We find biographical sketches in the books like (1) Diary of a Chess Queen by Kostenuk. (2) Twelve Great Chess Players and Their Best games by Charnev, Irving. (3) How I Became a Grandmaster at Age 14 by Kosteniuk, Alexandra. (4) My Sixty Memorable Games by Bobby Fischer. 10. Look at the title of a the book, How I became a Grandmaster at age 14. What does ‘I’ refer to? Give the name of the person. Ans. The name of the person is Alexandra Kosteniuk of Moscow. UNIT 7 40

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Listening Skills Q1. Your teacher will read a story about Health and Strength. Listen to her carefully. When she reads it for the second time, fill in blanks in the family tree. A. UNIT 7 41

LESSON 1-THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Q2. Work in groups. Ask and answer the following questions and complete the table. Now, look at the table and try to describe any game or sport. While describing, you can give the information in the columns in any order. For example, you can say, “Volleyball is played all over the world. It does not require a big playground. We need a ball, a net, and 12 players - 6 on each side, to play it. It is an outdoor game.” You can also say. “ We do not require a big playground to play volleyball. What we need are 6 players on each side. We also need a net, a ball, and a small playground. It is an outdoor game played all over the world. It requires good skill to be good at this game.” You can describe it in many other ways depending upon what you want to focus on. The first description focuses on whether the game is played only in India or all over the world. The second description focuses on the size of the ground required to play the game. A. Carrom is a game which can be played at a time by four persons. It is an indoor game. We need a board with four holes in the corners, nine white coins, nine black coins and a red coin with a striker. It is very interesting game. But, hockey is played all over the world. It requires a big play ground. We need hockey sticks, balls, goal nets and posts and 22 players, 11 on each side, to play it. Its an outdoor game. UNIT 7 42

SESSION 7 CHESS – READING 7.1 Reading and Comprehension - Word Meaning Adjective courteous polite and respectful; well-mannered Verb distract to take somebody’s attention away from what they are trying to do 7.2 Reading and Comprehension - Summary The poet wants to talk about the importance of the game, chess. It is a courteous and peaceful game. He says that this game can be played by any two members maintaining courtesy and none will be hurt at the end. While playing, the two players never try to divert the attention of the opponent. At the end both the players shake their hands. The two players may be enemies on the board, but in reality they are friends. Even though there is no peace while playing, the players hope for peace after the game. They only pretend. UNIT 7 43

SESSION 8 CHESS – LITERATURE 8.1 Literature - QA Q1. How does the poet consider chess: a game of peace or a game of war? A. The poet considered chess as a game of peace. Q2. Which line strongly supports that chess is a peaceful game? A. ‘I like to think chess is a peaceful game’ line suggests this game is a peaceful one. Q3. Why does the author shake hands at the start and at the end? Do you think that the writer is special in doing that? Do you find this happen in other games? A. The author shakes hands at the start and at the end of the game to maintain friendship and courtesy. This happens in most of the games. Q4. What happens if you are distracted while playing chess? Do players try to distract their opponents to have the advantage? Is it fair? A. If we are distracted while playing chess, we will lose focus and might not win the game. Generally nobody distracts their opponents to have the advantage. If they do so, it is not a fair game. Q5. Stanza 4 line 1, says, “On the board we’re enemies.” Line 3 of the same stanza says, “On the board there’s no peace.” Then how can it be a peaceful game? A. While playing chess, the two players try to defeat the other person and in that way they are enemies. When they are playing, concentration is needed. As they think deeply, they may lose peace. But on the whole chess is a peaceful game, because the players will not be hurt. Q6. Stanza 1, line 1 says that chess is a courteous game. Is the author courteous? Support your answer quoting from the poem. A. The author is courteous. ‘I never distract my opponent’ line supports this. He always shakes hands at the start and at the end. UNIT 7 44

LESSON 2-CHESS Q7. You know that words like ‘friends’ and ‘ends’ rhyme with each other. But do you know that com- plete lines can also rhyme with one another? For example, lines 1 and 3 in stanza 1 rhyme with each other. Both the lines have the same structure. This is called parallelism. Sometimes, they carry the same theme too –like these two lines. But they can contrast with each other too. There is such a pair in this poem. Pick it out. A. On the board we’re enemies Off the board we’re friends Q8. Parallelism is used in prose too. The author uses this technique to reinforce ideas of impor- tance or to make the text more pleasurable to the reader, or both. Pick out the lines that show parallelism. What is its purpose? A. (1) At will, I can order a knight to penetrate the enemy’s forces and surprise the opponent. I can attack, defend or sometimes sacrifice a piece as a part of my winning strategy. (2) 'Everyone was awestruck.The figure was gigantic.' 'kingdoms have vanished kings have gone'. Here the writer used parallelism to give more emphasis on a particular idea. Q9. Repetition is another poetic device used by poets to reinforce ideas or to make a poem pleasing to the ears or both. In this poem you will find complete stanzas repeated. What are they? What is the purpose of repetition here? A. T. he first and last stanzas are the repeated ones. The poet wanted to stress the importance of the game as the game of peace. Hence the repetition. Q10. Try to write a parody replacing ‘chess’ with ‘cricket’ or any other game of your choice. A. I like cricket very much. A game that is played between two teams. Who are enemies while playing. But become friends at the end. A game that is played throughout the world No boundaries are there for it to play Dedication, concentration are needed To keep the ball out of the stands. UNIT 7 45

SESSION 9 KONERU HUMPY – READING 9.1 Reading and Comprehension - Summary Koneru Humpy is a great chess player. She is ranked world no. 2 among the female chess players. She was born in 1987 in Gudivada. Her father and coach, Ashok was a wonderful chess player. She has been playing chess from a very tender age of 5 years. She won the under 8 National Championship in the year 1995. She also won titles in the under 10, under 12 and under 14 age groups. At the age of 15, she got the International Grandmaster title. She is the first Indian woman to receive this title. She participated in the FIDE Women’s Grand Prix 2009–2011 and stood second. She won two gold medals in the Asian Games 2006. She has a rating of 2606 and is preceeded by Judit Polgar. She received the Arjuna award in the year 2003, the Padmashri in the year 2007 and the Raja Lakshmi award in 2008. UNIT 7 46

SESSION 10 KONERU HUMPY – LITERATURE 10.1 Literature - QA Q1. What was Humpy’s first remarkable achievement? A. Winning the under 8 National Chess Championship in the year 1995 was Humpy’s first remarkable achievement. Q2. At present, who do you think is the youngest woman grandmaster? Why? A. Hou Yifan is the youngest woman grandmaster. She achieved it when she was 14 years and 6 months only. Q3. Was Humpy’s father right in giving up his job for Humpy? What would you have done? Support your answer. A. Humpy’s father was right in giving up his job for Humpy. If I were in that place I would have (give your opinion). He had taken such a decision, because he wanted to give full training to Humpy to make her a very good chess player. Q4. What qualities would have helped Humpy to reach the top in chess? Do they help you in any way? Share your ideas in groups. A. Humpy’s faith, confidence and determination would have helped Humpy to reach the top in chess. Those qualities would help anyone, if one had them, they would reach the top place. UNIT 7 47

LESSON 3-KONERU HUMPY Q5. Self Assessment How well have I understood this unit? Read and tick ( ) in the appropriate box. A. Indicators Yes Somewhat No I was able to talk on, ‘My favourite game’. (Face sheet) I read and understood the text: A. V.V.S Laxaman B. Chess (poem) C. Koneru Humpy I was able to classify the games and sports and name the sports items given under ‘Vocabulary’. I was able to understand the usage of ‘adjectives’, ‘order of adjectives’ and ‘forms of verbs’ given under ‘Grammar’ I was able to write a profile, a letter and a message given under ‘Writing’. I was able to do the activity under Study Skills. I listened to and understood the story ‘The Olympic Champion and the Ducks’ and did the exercises given under ‘Listening and Speaking’. I was able to complete the ‘Project Work’ and present it to the class. UNIT 7 48

THE WONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS ---------- CCE BASED PRACTICE QUESTIONS------------ CHAPTER 1: THEWONDERFUL WORLD OF CHESS Reading and Comprehension (Unseen Passage) Session 1 Read the following passage and answer the questions given below. An important aspect of large scale chess piece manufacturing is the process of designing the mould. A mould is a cavity machined from steel. When liquid plastic or molten metal is injected into the mould, it takes on the inverse of the mould’s shape when it cools. This results in a finished piece. The mould cavity is highly polished because any flaw can result in a flawed final piece. For making chess game pieces, a two part mould can be used. To make the piece, the two mould sections are joined together and injected with the base raw material. The mould is then opened and the piece drops out. Special release agents and a tapered design helps make the parts easier to remove. When mould's are designed, they are made slightly larger to compensate for the fact that plastic shrinks when it cools. Chess sets have been made with a number of raw materials over the years. Materials as diverse as ivory, glass, wood, clay, pewter, stone and various metals have been used. Today, the most widely available chess sets are made of plastic. Plastic is a mixture of high molecular weight polymers and various fillers. For plastic to be suitable in chess-piece manufacturing, it must be easily coloured,be heat stable and have good impact strength. The most often used plastics are thermo set plastics. Polymers found in plastics are typically colourless, so colourants are added to make the chess pieces look more appealing. Colourants include soluble dyes or crushed and powdered pigments. Titanium dioxide can be used for white coloured pieces. For more ornamental sets, other inorganic materials such as iron oxides can be used to produce yellow, red, black, brown and tan pieces. I. Choose the right answer. 1. What is the passage about? [] A. chess B. chess piece manufacturing C. colourants D. plastic 2. Which one of the following is not a raw material in making chess pieces? [ ] A. glass B. sand C. stone D. wood UNIT 7 49