51704118_BGM_Passport-G1 Mathematics Textbook Class 1_Text

Let us recall them. Short Tick as directed. One is done for you. Low Tall  High Near Far Measurements 97

Thin Thick Marker Heavy Light 8.1 I Remember and Understand In olden days, people measured lengths and distances using: Hand span Cubit Foot Pace To measure length, we use one of these methods Hand span, cubit, foot and pace are called Read a few examples of measurement of length. non-standard units of measurement. Example 1: Measure the following objects with the given hand span. Note down your answer. One is done for you. 98

Object Measuring the length of the Number of object hand spans 3 Example 2: Measure these objects with the given cubit. Write down your answer. One is done for you. Object Measuring the length Number of cubits 3 Measurements 99

Object Measuring the length Number of cubits Train My Brain Name an object each, whose length is equal to your: a) hand span b) cubit c) foot 8.1 I Apply Read a few real-life examples which involve measuring the lengths of some objects. Example 3: Measure the lengths of the objects as directed. Write the values in the table after measuring. 100

Object Measure a) Length of a textbook Length of a TV stand Measured using Length of a window hand span b) Length of a table Height of a table Measured using Edge of a chair cubit Length of a rack c) Length of a mat Measured using Width of a mat a foot Length of a blanket Width of a blanket Measured using d) Length of your pace classroom Width of your classroom 8.1 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Estimation of lengths and distances Sometimes, we need not know the exact length of an object. A value closer to the actual value will be enough. In such cases, we guess the lengths and distances. To guess the values is called estimation. Measurements 101

Let us now understand estimation of lengths. Example 4: Estimate the lengths using your hands and feet. Write the values in a table. Check if your guess is close to the actual measure. Object Estimate Actual length Maths textbook Lunch box Water bottle Desk Duster Friend’s height Distance between the door of my classroom to the door of the next classroom Length of the school corridor Concept 8.2: Compare Heavy and Light Objects I Think Bantei went to the supermarket with his father. His father bought some fruits and vegetables. He gave Bantei two small packets to hold. Bantei felt that holding one of the packets was easier than the other. Why was it so? 8.2 I Recall We can compare heavy objects with the light ones. Let us recall the same through some examples. 102

Tick as directed. a) Lightest: b) Heavier:    c) Heaviest:    d) Lighter: 8.2 I Remember and Understand Objects that weigh more are heavier and those We can guess the weight of objects and which weigh less are compare them. Let us understand through some lighter. examples. Measurements 103

Example 5: Look at these objects. Write 5 for the lightest and 1 for the heaviest. Solution: 23145 Example 6: Compare the following objects. Write numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the boxes below them. Write 1 for the lightest and 5 for the heaviest. One is been done for you. a) 1325 4 b) 104

c) d) e) Train My Brain Compare the following objects and write numbers 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 in the boxes below them. Write 1 for the lightest and 5 for the heaviest. a) b) Measurements 105

8.2 I Apply We compare the weights of objects using a simple balance. The pan of the simple balance with the heavier object goes down. The pans are balanced if the objects on them are of the same weight. An orange is heavier A watermelon is lighter Both the bottles are of than a banana. than 4 footballs. the same weight. Example 7: Look at the objects on the simple balance. Tick the heavier object and cross the lighter one. One is done for you. Simple balance Objects  106

Simple balance Objects Measurements 107

Example 8: C ompare the weights of these objects. One is done for you. a) __1___ = __3___ b) _____ = _____ c) _____ = _____ d) _____ = _____ 108

e) _____ = _____ 8.2 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Look at these containers of different sizes. They have different heights and weights. They hold different amounts of water, milk or oil. A bigger container can hold more water than a smaller one. Example 9: Tick the object that can hold more water. One is done for you. a)  b) Measurements 109

c) Maths Munchies 213 The Egyptians came up with a few units to be more accurate in measuring different lengths. For example, 1 cubit is nearly equal to 2 hand spans. 1 foot is nearly equal to one and a half of your hand span. Connect the Dots English Fun PAC E ED T B Y I T E D B D BOUGH Given below are pictures of non-standard AAC S F KCAUG units of length. Identify and circle them in L A U PGDHN LW the word search puzzle. One is done for WV B R B P F OO T you. R P I E R H E MW I OL T AAY L AR T T A E CNV L D J E E Y DHDDX E YD W E G E X E Y I WQ H A N D S P A NOO 110

EVS Fun The smallest and lightest bird in the world is the ‘hummingbird’. Drill Time Concept 8.1: Measure Short Lengths Using Non-Standard Units 1) Long and short Look at the picture given and answer the following questions. (A) (B) (C) a) Which pencil is the longest? b) Which pencil is the shortest? c) Which pencil is of medium length? 2) Measure lengths using non-standard units. Rani measures the lengths of some objects with her hand-span. Their measurements are as given below. Table = 12 hand spans Window = 8 hand spans Bed = 18 hand spans Notebook = 2 hand spans Measurements 111

Drill Time Based on the given information, answer the following questions: a) Which object has the maximum length? b) Which object measures the least in length? c) Which object is longer: the table or the bed? d) Which object is shorter: the window or the notebook? 3) Measure the length using the given smaller objects. a) b) c) d) 112

Drill Time Concept 8.2: Compare Heavy and Light Objects 4) Observe the given picture and answer the following questions. white ball football balloon filled with air a) Which out of the three weighs is the heaviest? b) Which out of the three is the lightest? A Note to Parent Measure and record the measurements of a dining table, seat of chair and sofa with your hand span as well as cubit. Record the measurements taken by you and your child in different columns. Compare them to show the difference between the sizes of your and their hand. Measurements 113

Chapter Data Handling 9 I Will Learn About • the terms ‘data’ and ‘collection’. • interpreting data. Concept 9.1: Collect, Represent and Interpret Data I Think Bantei has a collection of different toys. He knows the total number. He wants to know how many toys he has of each type. How can Bantei find this out? 114

9.1 I Recall We have learnt how to count the number of objects. Let us recall the same. Observe the given animals on the farm and answer the questions. a) Count the number of sheep. [    ] b) How many butterflies can you see? [    ] c) How many ducks can you count? [    ] d) Count the number of dog(s). [ ] Data Handling 115

9.1 I Remember and Understand Let us learn to identify a collection Collection: A group of similar type and form its data. of items or objects taken together is called a collection. Example 1: Here are a few collections of Data: A collection of facts, such as objects. Name them. numbers, words, measurements and One is done for you. so on is called data. A collection of A collection of A collection of pencils _________________ _________________ A collection of A collection of A collection of __________________ __________________ _________________ 116

Now let us see the following example. Example 2: Observe the collection of balls and answer the questions. a) H ow many balls are there altogether? b) H ow many balls are red in colour? c) H ow many balls are blue in colour? d) H ow many green balls are there? e) W hich coloured ball is one in number? Solution: a) Total number of balls is 11. b) There are 2 red balls. c) There are 3 blue balls. d) There are 5 green balls. e) Pink From a collection, we get some data. From this data, we get some information. Train My Brain b) c) a) This is a collection of This is a collection of This is a collection of ___________________ ___________________ ___________________ Data Handling 117

9.1 I Apply We collect data to get some information from it. Let us see a few examples of data collection. Example 3: Radha went to a vegetable market. She bought the vegetables shown on the right. Make collections of each type of vegetable. Solution: The collections of each type of vegetable are: Vegetable Collection No. of vegetables 10 5 3 Example 4: Ravi kept some pencils, erasers Eraser Solution: and sharpeners in a box. Make collections of each type of item. Eraser The collections of each type of Eraser Eraser item are: 118

Item Collection No. of items 4 5 Eraser 4 Eraser Eraser Eraser Eraser 9.1 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Now, let us see another example. Example 5: Observe the collection of birds in a zoo. Make collections of each type of bird. Answer the questions that follow. a) How many birds of each type are there? b) Which two birds are equal in number? c) W hich bird is the maximum in number? d) W hich bird is the minimum in number? e) W hat is the total number of peacocks and parrots? f) Which bird is more in number, hen or owl? Data Handling 119

Solution: a) Number of birds of each type are as given below. Bird Collection Number of Birds Parrot 7 Peacock 2 6 Hen Duck 2 Pigeon 1 Crow 4 120

Bird Collection Number of Birds 3 Owl 1 Sparrow b) Peacock and duck; pigeon and sparrow c) Parrot d) Pigeon and sparrow e) 9 f) Hen Maths Munchies In a data, a type of object may repeat many times. We draw as 213 many lines as the number of times it repeats. For example: There are 10 apples and 6 mangoes in a basket. It also contains 3 bananas, 1 pineapple and 2 guavas. Representing all these in picture form will take time. Make it easy by drawing as many lines as the number of each type of fruit. Apples |||||||||| Mangoes |||||| Bananas ||| Pineapple | Guavas || Counting the objects becomes easier by drawing these lines. You can also group the lines in bundles of five for quicker addition. This is useful if the number of objects is large. Data Handling 121

Connect the Dots EVS Fun There are special names for the collections of a few things. For example, a) A collection or a group of lions is called a ‘pride’. b) A collection or a group of birds is called a ‘flock’. c) A collection or a group of honey bees is called a ‘swarm’. English Fun Count the number of letters in the following words. Make collection of words based on the number of letters in each word. (Hint: How many three-letter words are there? How many four-letter words are there?) CAT ANIMAL FROG DONKEY CARROT BAT MAN SMILE ANGRY HOPE JUMP Number of letters (Collection) in the word Number of words 3 4 5 6 122

Drill Time Concept 9.1: Collect, Represent and Interpret Data 1) What collections do these pictures show? a) b) c) d) 2) Observe the picture and answer the following. a) H ow many butterflies are there altogether? b) H ow many orange butterflies are there? c) H ow many blue butterflies are there? d) W hich colour butterfly is the maximum in number? e) W hich colour butterfly is the minimum in number? Data Handling 123

Drill Time 3) Observe the collection given. Make collections of each type of fruit and answer the questions that follow. a) How many fruits of each type are there? b) W hich fruit is the maximum in number? c) W hich fruit is the minimum in number? d) W hat is the total number of bananas and strawberries? e) W hat is the total number of apples and pineapples? f) W hat is the difference between the number of strawberries and apples? A Note to Parent Ask your child to count the number of aunts, uncles and cousins he or she has. Ask him or her to make a list and write the total for each group in his or her notebook. 124