51704118_BGM_Passport-G1 Mathematics Textbook Class 1_Text

Addition using the number line A line marked with numbers is called the number line. We use it to add numbers. Let us see an example. Example 3: Add using the number line: a) 2 and 3 b) 4 and 4 c) 3 and 4 Solution: a) L et us find 2 + 3 using the number line. Draw an arrow from 0 to 2. To add 3 to 2, we move 3 steps to the right of 2. Draw arrows for each step as shown. The number at which the steps end is 5. So, 2 + 3 = 5. b) 4 + 4 So, 4 + 4 = 8. c) 3 + 4 So, 3 + 4 = 7. Addition 47

Vertical or column addition We can add numbers by writing them one below the other. This is called vertical addition or column addition. Let us see a few examples. Addition of 1-digit numbers Example 4: Add 6 and 2 by writing the numbers in columns. Solution: Write the numbers under the ones place, as shown. O 6 +2 8 Addition of 2-digit numbers Example 5: Add the following by writing the numbers in columns. 23 + 32 Step 2: Add the tens Solution: Step 1: Add the ones TO TO 23 23 +32 +32 5 55 Solve these TO TO TO 41 14 78 +2 8 +3 3 +2 1 48

Train My Brain Add the following numbers. a) 3 + 7 (Using fingers) b) 6 + 5 (Using a number line) c) 15 + 14 (Using vertical addition) 4.1 I Apply We now know how to add numbers. Let us see some real-life examples of addition of numbers. Example 6: Madhu has 5 kites and Sita has 4 kites. How many kites do they have in all? Solution: Write the numbers one below the other. Add them and write the sum as shown. O 5 +4 9 So, Madhu and Sita have 9 kites in all. Example 7: Ram had 14 marbles. Shyam gave him 15 marbles. How many Solution: marbles does Ram have altogether? TO 4.1 Write the numbers one below the other. Add them 14 and write the sum as shown. So, Ram has 29 marbles + 15 altogether. 29 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) We have learnt how to add two 1-digit and 2-digit numbers. Let us now learn to add three 1-digit and 2-digit numbers. Addition 49

Example 8: Sunita bought 2 mangoes, 3 apples and 4 bananas. How many fruits did she buy altogether? Solution: Write the numbers under the ones place and add. O 2 +3 +4 9 So, Sunita bought 9 fruits. Example 9: There are 14 students in Row 1. Row 2 has 15 students. Row 3 has 10 students. How many students are there altogether? Solution: Write the numbers one below the other. Step 1: Add the ones Step 2: Add the tens T O TO 14 14 + 15 + 15 + 10 + 10 9 39 So, there are 39 students altogether. Concept 4.2: Add Two 1-digit Numbers Mentally I Think Bantei had 4 chocolates. His sister gave him 2 more. Bantei could tell the total number of chocolates he has. But he did not use a paper and a pencil. Can you try to find the total mentally? 50

4.2 I Recall To add numbers mentally, first we must know the correct order of numbers. Let us practise the correct order of numbers. Write the numbers in the blanks given. a) 1 to 20 1 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 20 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ b) 33 to 42 33 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 42 c) 26 to 45 26 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ 45 ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ ___ Addition 51

d) 21 to 25 21 ___ ___ ___ 25 4.2 I Remember and Understand To add two numbers mentally, first keep the bigger If the two given number in mind. Then, count the smaller one on numbers are the same, the fingers. we can keep any Let us understand, through these examples. number in mind and count the other number Example 10: Add 2 and 5 mentally on the fingers. Solution: Follow these steps to add mentally: Steps Solved Solve this 2+5 3+6 Step 1: Keep the bigger number in mind. The bigger number is 5. The bigger number is So, keep 5 in mind. ____. So, keep ____ in Step 2: Keep as many The smaller number is mind. fingers open as the 2. So, keep 2 fingers The smaller number is smaller number. open. ____. So, keep ____ fingers Step 3: Begin counting The number after 5 is open. the fingers. Start from the 6. Count 2 fingers as 6 The number after ____ is number after the bigger and 7. number. ____. Count ____ fingers as ____ ,_____ and _____ . Step 4: Write the last The sum of 2 and 5 is 7. The sum of 3 and 6 is ___ . number as the sum of the given numbers. 52

Example 11: Add 6 and 7 mentally Solution: Follow the steps to add mentally: Steps Solved Solve this Step 1: Keep the bigger 6+7 5+9 number in your mind. The bigger number is 7. The bigger number is So, keep 7 in mind. ____. So, keep ____ in Step 2: Keep as many The smaller number is mind. fingers open as the 6. So, keep 6 fingers The smaller number is smaller number. open. ____. So, keep ___ fingers open. Step 3: Begin counting The number after 7 is 8. The number after _____ is the fingers. Start from the Count 6 fingers as 8, 9, number after the bigger ____. Count ____ fingers number. 10, 11, 12 and 13. as ____, ____, ____, ____ and ____. Step 4: Write the last The sum of 6 and 7 The sum of 5 and 9 is _________. number as the sum of the is 13. given numbers. Train My Brain c) 1 and 4 Add the following mentally: a) 6 and 5 b) 8 and 9 4.2 I Apply We have seen how easy it is to add two 1-digit numbers mentally. Let us now see a few real life-examples. Example 12: In a class, Team A has 5 students and Team B has 7 students. How many students are there in all? Addition 53

Solution: Number of students in Team A = 5 Number of students in Team B = 7 The bigger number is 7. Keep 7 in the mind. The smaller number is 5. Keep 5 fingers open. After 7, count 5 fingers as 8, 9, 10, 11 and 12. So, the total number of students in the class is 12. Example 13: Seema has 3 milk chocolates and 6 dark chocolates. How many chocolates does she have in all? Solution: Number of milk chocolates = 3 Number of dark chocolates = 6 The bigger number is 6. Keep 6 in the mind. The smaller number is 3. Keep 3 fingers open. After 6, count 3 fingers as 7, 8 and 9. So, Seema has 9 chocolates in all. 4.2 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) We have seen mental addition of two 1-digit numbers. Let us now add three 1-digit numbers mentally. Example 14: Add mentally: 3, 5 and 7 Solution: Follow the steps to add mentally: Steps Solved Solve this 3, 5 and 7 4, 6 and 8 Step 1: Choose the first two numbers. The first two numbers The first two numbers are are 3 and 5. ____ and ____ . Step 2: Keep the bigger The bigger number is 5. The bigger number is number in mind. So, keep 5 in mind. ____ . So, keep ____ in mind. 54

Steps Solved Solve this 3, 5 and 7 4, 6 and 8 Step 3: Keep as many fingers open as the The smaller number is The smaller number smaller number of the 2 3. So, keep 3 fingers is _____ . So, keep _____ numbers. open. fingers open. Step 4: Begin counting The number after 5 is 6. The number after _____ is the fingers. Count from Count the 3 fingers as _____ . Count the ______ the number after the 6, 7 and 8. fingers as _____ , _____ , bigger number. _____ and ______ . Step 5: Compare the sum The sum of the first two of the first two numbers The sum of the first two with the third number. numbers is 8. So, keep numbers is _____ . So, Keep the bigger number 8 in mind. keep _____ in mind. in mind. Step 6: Keep as many The third number is The third number is ____ . fingers open as the third 7. So, keep 7 fingers So, keep ______ fingers number. open. open. Step 7: Begin counting The number after ______ the fingers. Count from the number after the is _____ . Count the sum of the first two The number after 8 is 9. numbers. Count the 7 fingers as ______ fingers as _____ 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14 and , _____ , _____ , _____ , Step 8: Write the last 15. number as the sum. _____ , _____ , _____ , and _____ . The sum of 3, 5 and 7 The sum of 4, 6 and 8 is is 15. _____ . Addition 55

Example 15: Rahul has 3 apples, 4 chikoos and 6 bananas in his basket. How many fruits does he have in all? Solution: Number of apples in the basket = 3 Number of chikoos in the basket = 4 Number of bananas in the basket = 6 So, the first two are 3 apples and 4 chikoos. The bigger number is 4. Keep 4 in the mind. The smaller number is 3. Open 3 fingers. After 4, count 3 fingers as 5, 6 and 7. So, the sum of the first two numbers is 7. The number of bananas is 6. The bigger number is 7. Keep 7 in the mind. The smaller number is 6. Open 6 fingers. After 7, count 6 fingers as 8, 9, 10, 11, 12 and 13. So, Rahul has 13 fruits in all. Maths Munchies 213 We can add two numbers by drawing lines. 5+3=8 Suppose we have to add 5 and 3. First draw 5 lines and then 3 lines as shown. Then, count the lines continuously. The number we get for the last line is the sum of the two given numbers. 5 + 3 = │││││ + │││ = 8 So, 5 + 3 = 8. 56

Connect the Dots EVS Fun How many fingers do we have in total? To find this we ‘add’ the fingers of both the hands. Can you count the fingers in the given picture? Now, count your own fingers of both hands. English Fun Some words in the English language are also formed by adding two different words to make a single meaningful word. For example, Moon + light = Moonlight Sun + rays = Sunrays Can you write a few such words? Addition 57

Drill Time Concept 4.1: Add 1-digit and 2-digit Numbers 1) Add the following numbers using the Number line. a) 3 and 3 b) 2 and 6 c) 1 and 7 d) 4 and 2 e) 3 and 4 2) Add the following numbers using the vertical or column method. a) 2 and 5 b) 3 and 6 c) 21 and 42 d) 17 and 61 e) 10 and 40 3) Word problems a) I have 2 pens and my sister has 2 pens. What is the total number of pens with us? b) Krish picked 12 sticks and Sanjay picked 20 sticks. How many sticks did they pick in all? Concept 4.2: Add Two 1-digit Numbers Mentally 4) Add mentally d) 8 and 2 e) 7 and 9 a) 2 and 7 b) 1 and 3 c) 3 and 3 A Note to Parent Play snakes and ladders with your child to make him or her understand and use addition in a fun and easier way. 58

Chapter Subtraction 5 I Will Learn About • different methods of subtracting numbers. • subtracting numbers up to 99 without regrouping. Concept 5.1: Subtract 1-digit and 2-digit Numbers I Think Bantei has 44 toffees. He gave 11 toffees to his sister. Bantei wants to know how many toffees remain with him. How do you think Bantei can find that? 5.1 I Recall Look at the vegetables given. A few of the vegetables are cut in each question. Find the remaining number of vegetables. Vegetables Number a) 59

Vegetables Number b) c) d) 5.1 I Remember and Understand There are 5 animals in a farm. 3 of them went away. We now count the number of animals left in the farm. 60

This count gives the remaining number of animals in the farm. Counting the number of objects remaining or leftover is called subtraction. The answer we get on subtracting is called the difference. We use the symbol ‘−’ (read as minus) for subtraction. Example 1: Count and write the correct number of people/objects. One is done for you. a) 5 32 b) Subtraction 61

c) Methods of subtraction: Subtract, left, 1) Subtraction using fingers remain and 2) Subtraction using the number line difference are 3) Vertical or column subtraction some words used Let us understand these methods. in subtraction. Subtraction using fingers We have already learnt to show numbers using our fingers. Let us learn to subtract one number from the other using fingers. 62

Example 2: Subtract using fingers. Solution: a) 2 from 6 b) 3 from 5 c) 7 from 9 a) S ubtracting 2 from 6 O pen 6 fingers on the two hands. Close two fingers. C ount the open fingers on the hands. They are 4 in number. So, the difference of the given numbers is 4. That is, 6 – 2 = 4. b) 5 – 3 Open 5 fingers. Close 3 fingers. Count the open fingers. They are 2 in number. So, 5 – 3 = 2. c) 9 – 7 Open 9 fingers on the two hands. Close 7 fingers. Count the open fingers. So, 9 – 7 = 2. Subtraction using the number line A line marked with numbers is called a number line. We can use the number line to subtract numbers. Let us see an example. Example 3: Solve using the number line: a) 5 – 3 b) 6 – 1 c) 7 – 4 Solution: a) T o find 5 – 3 using the number line, we start from 5. Subtraction 63

D raw an arrow from 0 to 5 as shown. This shows the first number. 5 T hen, move 3 steps to the left. Draw arrows for each step as shown. 5 The number at which we end the steps is 2. So, 5 – 3 = 2. b)  6 6 So, 6 – 1 = 5. 7 c) 7  So, 7 – 4 = 3. 64

Vertical or column subtraction We can subtract by writing the smaller number below the bigger one. This is called vertical subtraction or column subtraction. Let us see a few examples. Subtraction of 1-digit numbers Example 4: Subtract 5 from 9 by writing the numbers in columns. Solution: Write the given numbers under the ones place, as shown. o 9 –5 4 Subtraction of 2-digit numbers Example 5: Subtract 32 from 75 by writing the numbers in columns. Solution: Follow the steps to subtract. Step 1: Subtract the ones Step 2: Subtract the tens T O TO 75 75 –3 2 –3 2 3 43 TO Solve these TO 84 47 –4 1 TO –2 3 87 –4 2 Subtraction 65

Train My Brain Subtract the following: a) 7 – 4 (Using fingers) b) 9 – 3 (Using number line) c) 86 – 52 (Using vertical subtraction) 5.1 I Apply We now know how to subtract numbers. Let us see a few real-life examples of subtraction of numbers. Example 6: 18 parrots were sitting on a tree. 8 of them flew away. How many Solution: parrots were left on the tree? T O 1 8 Write the numbers one below the other. Subtract – 8 Example 7: the numbers and write the difference as shown. So, 10 parrots were left on the tree. 10 K rish picked 12 sticks and Sanjay picked 22 sticks. How many more sticks did Sanjay have than Krish? Solution: Write the numbers one below the other. Subtract T O the numbers and write the difference as shown. 2 2 –1 2 So, Sanjay had 10 sticks more than Krish. 1 0 5.1 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Let us see another example. Example 8: A nil has 8 stamps. He gave 4 stamps to Rita and 2 stamps to Mahesh. How many stamps are left with Anil? 66

Solution: O Stamps with Anil 8 Stamps given to Rita –4 Stamps remaining with Anil 4 Stamps remaining with Anil O Stamps given to Mahesh 4 Stamps remaining with Anil –2 2 So, 2 stamps are left with Anil. Maths Munchies To subtract 2-digit numbers quickly, follow these steps: 213 Subtract 20 from 23. We subtract 2 tens from 2 tens. 3 ones remain. This quick method uses regrouping. In the same way, 23 minus 20 a) 5 ones remain if we subtract (20 + 3) minus 20 40 from 45. (2 tens + 3 ones) minus (2 tens) b) 9 ones remain if we subtract 90 from 99. Connect the Dots EVS Fun You have 28 milk teeth. If some of them fall out, you can find the remaining by subtraction. Subtraction 67

English Fun There are 26 letters in the English alphabet. Out of these, 5 are vowels. The rest are consonants. To find the number of consonants, we subtract 5 from 26. We get the difference as 21. So, there are 21 consonants in the English alphabet. Drill Time Concept 5.1: Subtract 1-digit and 2-digit Numbers 1) Subtract the numbers using the number line. a) 3 from 6 b) 7 from 9 c) 1 from 7 d) 2 from 4 e) 3 from 4 2) Subtract the numbers by vertical or column method. a) 2 from 5 b) 4 from 8 c) 41 from 42 d) 23 from 46 e) 20 from 40 3) Word problems a) P ercy had 36 pencils. He lost 4 of them. How many pencils are left with him? b) S ahil has 4 marbles. Vivek has 15 marbles. Who has fewer marbles and how many less? A Note to Parent Take your child to the shop when you go to buy groceries. Ask him or her to find the amount you have to pay the shopkeeper for the things you buy. Also, ask him or her to find the amount the shopkeeper will return. This will improve his or her addition and subtraction skills. 68

Chapter Time 6 I Will Learn About • the terms ‘earlier’ and ‘later’, ‘shorter’. • parts of the day. • sequencing the events happening in a day. Concept 6.1: Earlier and Later I Think Bantei went to a wild safari with his parents. He told his classmates the names of the animals he saw from the beginning to the end of his visit. Can you also describe events in a sequence? 6.1 I Recall We wake up when the sun rises. We get ready and go to school. We study and have lunch. After returning home, we play with our friends. After studying and completing homework, we have dinner and go to bed. 69

These are the series of events we do every day. Let us recall identifying the time when a few events happen. Tick the correct word. a) The Sun rises in the (morning/evening). b) We go to school in the (morning/evening). c) We play in the (morning/evening). d) The day is the hottest (in the morning/at noon). e) We have our lunch in the (afternoon/evening). f) When it is dark, it is (afternoon/night). 6.1 I Remember and Understand We do different activities in a day. ‘Earlier’ or ‘Later’ are words used for events We wake up in the morning. Then, we brush our happening at different teeth. times. 70

So, waking up comes earlier and brushing teeth later. In the same way, we go to school and then study. So, going to school is done earlier and studying later. Example 1: Tick the activity which is done earlier in the given pairs of activities. One is done for you. a)  b) c) d) e) Time 71

Example 2: Write ‘earlier’ and ‘later’ for the given pairs of activities. One is done for you. a) Earlier   Later b) __________ __________ c) __________ __________ Parts of the day We know that the Sun rises only in the morning. It sets in the evening. It is right above our head at noon. Let us understand these parts with the help of a timeline. A timeline is a number line on which time is shown. 12 Mid 12 Mid Night Night 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 12 hours Mid-day 12 Hours Morning (Noon) Afternoon/Evening The time between 12 midnight and 12 noon is called morning. The time at 12 noon is called mid-day. The time between noon and 12 midnight is called afternoon/evening. 72

Train My Brain Arrange the following from what you do earlier to later in the day. a) sleeping, playing, going to school, brushing teeth b) wearing clothes, wearing shoes, wearing socks, waking up c) shower, sleeping, waking up, going to school 6.1 I Apply We have learnt the different parts of a day. The following table lists the activities done in a day. Activity Part of the day Waking up Early morning Brushing teeth Morning and at night Many activities with classmates Day (noon) Doing homework Evening Going to bed Night Complete this table of your activities: My activity Part of the day I take a bath and get dressed for school. I have my breakfast. I go to school. I have my lunch. I go to play with my friends. I have my dinner. We do our activities in a particular order or sequence. We wake up in the morning and brush our teeth. Then, take a shower, wear our clothes and then go to school. Time 73

Example 3: Put the pictures in sequence by numbering them. One is done for you. a) 214 3 b) 6.1 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Read the question. Find the part of the day when the activities happened. Example 4: Answer these questions. a) R aju went to play after coming home from school. When did he go to play? b) How can we say whether it is morning or evening? c) Raju brushed his teeth and went to bed. When did he do this activity? d) When do we have our breakfast? Solution: a) in the evening b) by sunrise or sunset c) Raju brushed his teeth in the night before going to bed. d) in the morning 74

Concept 6.2: Long and Short I Think Bantei washed clothes in a washing machine daily. One day, there was no power. He spent more time washing clothes by hand. He wondered why it took more time for the same work. 6.2 I Recall Recall that we do many activities during the day. We have learnt the concepts ‘earlier’ and ‘later’. Let us revise this concept. Tick the activity that is done earlier in each of the following. a) showering/brushing b) dinner/going to bed c) going to school/playing d) having breakfast/having lunch e) getting ready for school/waking up 6.2 I Remember and Understand We observe that different activities take different amounts of time. For example, reading a page Different activities take takes less time than writing a page. different times. Example 5: T ick the activity which takes less time in the given pairs of activities. One is done for you. Time 75

a)  b) c) d) Example 6: Which one from the following pairs of activities takes more time? Circle the right one. a) eating/drinking water b) combing hair/showering c) drawing a house/colouring a house Solution: a) eating /drinking Water b) combing hair/ showering c) drawing a house/ colouring a house 76

Train My Brain Which activity in each of the pairs will take longer time to finish. a) eating lunch or brushing teeth? ________________ b) writing a page or reading a page? ______________ c) walking to school or running to school? _____________ 6.2 I Apply Read some examples to find the time taken for different activities. Example 7: Observe the given pictures and fill in the blanks. One is done for you. a) We do many activities during the day. (night/ day). b) I spend more time ______________ (watching TV/ studying). c) I take more time while reading ___________(a page / a book). Time 77

d) Travelling by _____________ (aeroplane / bus) takes less time. e) _ __________________ (Cooking /Eating) food takes more time. Example 8: Write ‘more/less’ in the blank according to the time taken by the activities. a) Cooking food – ______________ time Eating food – ____________ time b) Speaking – ____________ time Writing – ___________ time c) Wearing clothes – ___________ time Wearing shoes – ___________ time Solution: a) Cooking food – more time Eating food – less time b) Speaking – less time Writing – more time c) Wearing clothes – more time Wearing shoes – less time 6.2 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Observe the class timetable given below. Does it look like the timetable of your class? 78

English Hard Maths 1st Games EVS English Story English writing Lang Music EVS Library 1st Dance 1st EVS Music EVS Lang Lang A/V Dance English Library Hand Maths A/V Recit Maths Writing ation PT Music Maths 1st A/V EVS Maths Karate 1st Lang Lang Maths Games Swim 1st Swim 1st EVS PT Draw Lang Lang Now answer the following questions by looking at your class timetable. Example 9: Write answers in the space given. a) Which period is more in number on a Wednesday? b) How many days do you go to school in a week? Name them. c) Which day has more number of English periods? d) How many games periods are there in a week? Solution: a) ____________________ b) ____________________ c) ____________________ d) ____________________ Time 79

Maths Munchies 213 We consider ‘morning’ only until ‘noon’. It is known as Ante Meridiem (a.m.). The time from ‘noon’ to ‘midnight’ is Post Meridiem (p.m.). Connect the Dots EVS Fun Morning, evening and night together make a day. Many such days make a month. Many such months make a season. We wear different clothes at different times of the day and year. We wear school dress in the morning, our playtime clothes in the evening and night dress at night. Depending on the season, we use clothes like sweaters in winter, rain coat during the rainy season and so on. English Fun Sequence the given pictures in the correct order of events. 80

Drill Time Concept 6.1: Earlier and Later 1) Tick the activity which comes later than the other in given pairs of activities. a) b) c) d) Time 81

Drill Time 2) Arrange the activities from morning to evening by giving numbers in the boxes. Use 1 for the first activity done in the morning. Concept 6. 2: Long and Short 3) Tick '’ the activity that takes more time and cross ‘’ the activity that takes less time. a) b) 82

Drill Time c) d) A Note to Parent While doing different activities, ask your child which activity took less time and which activity took more time. Time 83

Chapter Money 7 I Will Learn About • different coins and notes of Indian currency. • adding small amounts of money. • guessing price of items. • adding rupee and paise. Concept 7.1: Identify Common Currency Notes and Coins I Think Bantei saw different coins and notes in his mother’s purse. Have you also seen such coins and notes? 7.1 I Recall We use notes and coins to buy things. In olden days, people did not use money. They bought things they needed by giving things that were more with them. 84

But, the value of things exchanged was not the same. So, coins and notes were made. The early coins were made of metals such as bronze and silver. 7.1 I Remember and Understand The money used in a country is called its currency. Different types of coins were used in the olden days as shown. The Indian currency is Rupee (`). We write 1 rupee as ` 1. The number on the coin or note is its value. The following are the different coins and notes we use. Coins ` 1 ` 2 ` 5 ` 10 Notes ` 10 ` 20 ` 50 ` 100 ` 200 ` 500 ` 2000 Money 85

Let us see a few examples of writing the value of a coin or a note. Example 1: Write the value of the given coin in figures and words. Solution: ` 5; Rupees five Example 2: Write the value of the given note in figures. Solution: ` 500 Train My Brain How are the following written in figures? a) 1 rupee b) 50 rupees c) 2 rupees 7.1 I Apply We use money to buy the things we need. The value of the goods is called their ‘Rate’ or ‘Price’. Let us see some examples where we use money. Example 3: Guess the price of these items and tick it. One is done for you. `5  ` 50 ` 3 ` 30 a) a pot b) a sharpener `1 ` 10 ` 2 ` 20 c) a chocolate bar d) a ball 86

Example 4: Observe the rate of each kind of fruit given beside it. Grapes Bananas Watermelon ` 60 ` 40 ` 60 Pear Apple ` 25 ` 40 Orange Blueberries Strawberry ` 40 ` 90 ` 10 Fill in the blanks with the rates of the fruits given. One is done for you. ` 40 Money 87

7.1 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) Sometimes, we guess the money needed to buy the things we need. Let us see a few examples. Example 5: Mona has a note of ` 100 and a note of ` 50. She also has a note of ` 20. The box shows some objects with their rates. Write the names of the objects that Mona can buy for: a) ` 50 b) ` 20 c) ` 100 Item Price Item Price A pair of ` 20 A pair of ` 50 socks slippers A frock ` 80 A big colouring book ` 100 88

Solution: Things that Mona could buy for a) ` 50: A pair of slippers b) ` 20: A pair of socks c) ` 100: A big colouring book Concept 7.2: Put Together Small Amounts of Money I Think Bantei likes a sticker of Batman. He wants to buy it. It costs ` 7. How can Bantei pay for the sticker using different coins? 7.2 I Recall We have learnt about coins and currency notes. Identify the coins and notes. Write them in figures. a) b) _____________ _____________ c) d) _____________ _____________ e) __________________ Money 89

7.2 I Remember and Understand Money is written in rupees and paise, We can take smaller amounts together to make a larger separated by a amount. Just as we add two numbers, we can add dot. money too. Let us see some examples. Example 6: Nina has these coins. How much money does she have in all? Solution: To find the total money, we add all the money Nina has. Example 7: That is, ` 1 + ` 2 + ` 10 = ` 13 Ashok has three notes of ` 10 and 2 coins of ` 10. How much Solution: money does he have in all? Ashok has the following amount: ` 10 + ` 10 + ` 10 + ` 10 + ` 10 = ` 50 So, Ashok has ` 50. Train My Brain a) Bani has a coin of one rupee and ten rupees. She also has two coins of ` 2. What is the total money with her? b) Riya has five notes of ` 10. She also has one coin of ` 1. How much money does she have in all? c) Mohan has two coins ` 2 and four notes of ` 10. How much money does he have in total? 90

7.2 I Apply Let us see a few examples involving addition of money. Example 8: C ircle the coins used to buy the given things. One is done for you. Item Rate a) ` 15 b) ` 10 c) ` 25 d) ` 30 Money 91

e) ` 50 Example 9: Arun and Beena have money as shown below. How much money does each of them have? Solution : Money Arun has = ` 1 + ` 2 + ` 5 + ` 10 = (` 1 + ` 2 + ` 5) + ` 10 = ` 8 + ` 10 = ` 18 Money Beena has = ` 5 + ` 1 + ` 2 + ` 50 = (` 5 + ` 1 + ` 2 + ` 50) = ` 58 92

7.2 I Explore (H.O.T.S.) We sometimes guess the money needed to buy things. It helps us to know whether we have enough money. Let us see an example. Example 10: Rita wants to buy a pencil for ` 3 and an eraser for ` 4. How much money should she have? Solution: Cost of a pencil = ` 3 (less than ` 5) Cost of an eraser = ` 4 (less than ` 5) Total money Rita should have to spend is less than ` 5 + ` 5 = ` 10 Therefore, Rita should have at least ` 10. Maths Munchies 213 Penny, nickel, dime and cent are parts of a dollar. Dollar is the currency of The United States of America. Connect the Dots EVS Fun Family members work to earn money. Which family member spends money to buy toys for you? Money 93

English Fun Recite this poem on money Penny, penny, easy spent, Copper brown and worth one cent. Nickel, nickel, thick and fat, You’re worth 5. I know that. Dime, dime, little and thin, I remember—you’re worth 10. Quarter, quarter, big and bold, You’re worth 25, I am told. Half a dollar, half a dollar, Giant size. 50 cents to buy some fries. Dollar, dollar, green and long, With 100 cents you can’t go wrong. Drill Time Concept 7.1: Identify Common Currency Notes and Coins 1) How are the following currencies written in figures? a) 500 rupees b) 10 rupees c) 2000 rupees d) e) 94

Drill Time Concept 7.2: Put Together Small Amounts of Money 2) What is the total amount in each of the following? a) ` 1 + ` 2 + ` 5 + ` 10 b) ` 2 + ` 10 + ` 20 + ` 50 c) + + + + d) e) ` 10 + ` 50 + ` 1 3) Word problem a) P ayal wants to buy a notebook for ` 5 and a pencil for ` 4. How much money should she have? A Note to Parent Take your child along with you for shopping. Let him or her check the price of a few items and understand the importance and usage of money. Money 95

Chapter Measurements 8 I Will Learn About • measuring short lengths using hand span, cubit, foot and pace. • identifying heavier and lighter objects. • comparing weights using scale.   Concept 8.1: Measure Short Lengths Using Non-Standard Units I Think Bantei collected paper ribbons from his school. He placed them one above the other. But he did not know which ribbon was the smallest. Do you know to arrange ribbons in the order of their lengths? 8.1 I Recall • short distances between objects. • heavy and light objects. We have learnt to compare the: • lengths of objects. • heights of objects. 96