Important Announcement
PubHTML5 Scheduled Server Maintenance on (GMT) Sunday, June 26th, 2:00 am - 8:00 am.
PubHTML5 site will be inoperative during the times indicated!

Home Explore 181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3

181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3

Published by IMAX, 2020-04-08 07:41:54

Description: 181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3

Search

Read the Text Version

INTEGRATED 3 TEXTBOOK - TERM ENGLISH, MATHEMATICS, EVS NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 1 5 2/17/2018 4:26:02 PM

NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 2 2/17/2018 4:26:02 PM

ENGLISH 2/17/2018 4:26:02 PM TERM 3 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 3

Contents 5Class Theme 5: Exploring the World 14 Oh! The Places You’ll Go... ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������ 1 15 The World from a Railway Carriage ��������������������������������������������������������������������� 5 S5 Speaking Project ��������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 9 R5 Reading Comprehension ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 10 Theme 6: The Wonders of Science 16 Scientists and Inventors Who Changed the World ������������������������������������������� 15 17 Eureka! Eureka! ���������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 20 18 On the Grasshopper and Cricket ���������������������������������������������������������������������� 24 S6 Speaking Project ������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 28 R6 Reading Comprehension ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 29 Glossary �������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 32 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 4 2/17/2018 4:26:02 PM

Lesson Oh! The Places 14 You’ll Go… Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Nouns with two syllables Verbs with two syllables (stress the first syllable (stress the second syllable) object present object present record project record project Warm Up Activity • What do you do during your summer holidays? • Is it important to travel during every vacation? Can one do interesting things in one’s own area during the summer holidays? Share your thoughts. Let us read a story about a girl named Mohini and her most wonderful trip during her summer holidays. NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 5 1 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

Reading the Text Summer vacations were over. Days of slurping ice creams, drinking mango slurping panna and lazing around in the afternoons were over. But Mohini wanted to stay in bed till late. ‘Wake up, Mohini! Do you want to be late for school on the very first day after the holidays and set a bad example?’ Mohini’s mother scolded her. ‘I am waking up, Maa’, said Mohini, rubbing her eyes. Mohini quickly brushed, got dressed and sat down for breakfast. As she sat nibbling at the mint chutney sandwich, her mind was repeating Miss Nalini’s words: ‘Everyone has to speak about the places that they travel to during their summer vacations. It accounts for 50 percent of the total marks. And summer break everybody will need to speak on the first day after the summer break.’ ‘I am leaving for work. I have kept your lunch ready’, her mother said. Mohini’s father had passed away when she was just three years old. Her mother had started stitching clothes to support them financially. She could earn enough to send her daughter to a good school but not enough to go anywhere. shuddered ‘What will I tell Miss Nalini? I did not travel to any place during the summer vacation. Yes, I will tell her this, because this is the truth and we should always tell the truth.’ No! Mohini shuddered at the thought of losing fifty percent marks. What was she supposed to do? The students rushed into their classrooms eagerly on the first day of school. Everyone was busy chatting with each other. Mohini sat alone in a corner, thinking hard. Miss Nalini walked in, and the class greeted her in a loud and monotonous voice, ‘Good morning Misssssss!’ ‘Good morning, students. So good to see all of you back. Before I ask you to share about the place you travelled to during the summer holidays, let me tell you about my trip.’ It seemed as though Miss Nalini was in a good mood. ‘I visited Shimla with my family. It is a beautiful hill station and the capital of Himachal Pradesh. Everything was so different from here. The food, the climate, the trees. It was a lovely trip!’ she said. One by one, the students began talking about their holidays. ‘Miss, I visited Kochi. My dadi lives there. We went in an aeroplane. My first time in an aeroplane!’ Abdul beamed. Putul spoke about her experience next. ‘Miss, I went to my village in Odisha, near Bhubaneswar. The best part was the trip to Nandan Kanan Zoo. I saw crocodiles, snakes…’ 2 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 6 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

Yikes, thought Mohini. How could someone enjoy snakes and crocodiles? They are so disgusting. yikes The next to speak was Steve. ‘Miss, we went to Paris this vacation. We visited many museums there. I was so bored. We also visited the Eiffel Tower. The best part was the visit to Disneyland.’ The entire class was listening eagerly to his description. Mohini felt uncomfortable in her seat as it was her turn to speak next. What will she say? Everybody would laugh at her. She stood up, took a deep breath and spoke. ‘Miss, this summer vacation I visited the library.’ ‘What?’ Her neighbour Rima started laughing. Soon, the entire class was making fun of her. Mohini’s eyes filled with tears. She stared at the blackboard, feeling embarrassed. ‘Enough, all of you! Let Mohini complete what she has to say.’ Miss Nalini nodded at Mohini with a smile, encouraging her. Mohini cleared her throat, wiped her face and began. ‘This summer vacation, I decided to read as many books as I could because Dr Seuss says in one of his books: ‘The more you read, The more things you will know, The more that you learn, The more places you’ll go.’ When I read different books, I was transported to another world. I read books about magical trees, animals that could talk, princes and princesses, witches and giants, magical spells and curses. I read about different cultures. I read about great people of the world – M.K. Gandhi, Martin Luther King, Albert Einstein and Mother Teresa. I visited several places while sitting in the library, and I learned a lot.’ Miss Nalini rose from her seat and hugged Mohini. ‘To explore the world, we don’t have to travel. All we need is an open mind and a willingness to learn. Everything around us is waiting to be explored, to tell us a story. Well done, Mohini!’ – Surbhi Sarna Let Us Discuss 1) Who was Miss Nalini? 2) What did Mohini’s mother do for a living? 3) What made Mohini shudder? 4) Who among Mohini’s classmates saw the Eiffel Tower? Oh! The Places You’ll Go… 3 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 7 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

Understanding the Text Meaning Exercise 1: New words Word slurping nibbling summer break passed away shuddered monotonous beamed yikes disgusting embarrassed explore Speaking Task Pair discussion Divide your class into pairs. Ask your partner about the places that they would like to visit and the reason they want to visit them. Take turns and make notes as your partner speaks. Then, share your partner’s thoughts with the rest of the class. 4 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 8

Lesson The World from a 15 Railway Carriage Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming word Word Rhyming word ditches scrambles brambles Word cattle load witches forever road by battle eye river Warm Up Activity • Have you ever travelled in a train and watched the view from the window of things passing by? How did it feel? • Did you feel as if the trees and electric poles were moving in the opposite direction? Describe your experience. Let us read a poem in which the poet describes how the world looks from a speeding train. NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 9 5 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

Reading the Text hedges Faster than fairies, faster than witches, Bridges and houses, hedges and ditches; And charging along like troops in a battle, All through the meadows, the horses and cattle. All of the sights of the hills and the plains, witch Fly as thick as driving rain; And ever again, in the wink of an eye, meadow Painted stations whistle by. troop Here is a child who clambers and scrambles, All by himself and gathering brambles; Here is a tramp who stands and gazes; And here is the green for stringing the daisies! brambles tramp Here is a cart runaway in the road Lumping along with man and load; And here is a mill and there is a river; Each a glimpse and gone forever! mill lumping – Robert Louis Stevenson Let Us Discuss 1) Which magical creatures are not as fast as the moving train? 2) In the poem, what seems to charge along like troops in a battle? 3) How do the hills and plains look from the speeding train? 4) What does the tramp do? 6 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 10

Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word witches hedges ditches charging troops meadows scrambles brambles tramp lumping mill Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What is the poem about? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What is the child doing all by himself? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Describe the cart that the child sees. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� The World from a Railway Carriage 7 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 11 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

4) What does the poet catch only a glimpse of? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) T he poem gives the reader many beautiful images to visualise. Which ones do you like the most? Describe them in your own words. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) In the poem, the poet mentions many things that the train passes by. Mention a few things that you have seen while seated in a moving train, car or bus. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ Speaking Task Pair discussion A 'simile' is a poetic device that compares one thing to another using ‘as’ or ‘like’. Similes help in creating an image in the reader’s mind. In the poem, the poet has used many similes to describe the train journey. For example, he compares the moving train to fairies and witches. In another line, the poet compares the passing by of hills and plains to the swift movement of raindrops. Divide your class into pairs. Along with your partner, complete the following similes and make sentences. Then, share the sentences with your class. • as black as _________________________ • as big as ____________________________ • as cold as __________________________ • as bright as __________________________ 8 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 12

S5 Speaking Project Hill stations of India Given below are a few beautiful locales in India. Choose one place and speak on it for five minutes. You will have to research about the place that you choose. You may use the hints given below. Hints: • Where is it located? • What is special about the place? • How can the place be reached? • How long does the journey take by train? • Which major stations does the train pass through? • What are the major attractions of the place? Nainital hill station Coorg hill station Kodaikanal hill station Ooty hill station NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 13 9 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

R5 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. Two men and a woman approach. Old man: I have already paid money for this land. We’ll make multi-storied buildings here. Young lady: S ir, let’s provide facilities like a club, gym, pool and all-day water and power supply for the residents. Old man: W e’ll make a good profit. People who buy apartments over here will pay a good amount to us. Old man: L et’s go. Begin the work by next week! (They leave together.) All trees: Oh! Pine tree: Our end is near. (A group of two young men and a middle-aged woman approach.) Young man: Look at this Green Forest. Isn’t it beautiful? We will never allow this to be cut down. We are environmentalists, and we will fight to save the trees. Another young man: I often come here for nature walks. Families and children come here for picnics. Some painters come here and make beautiful paintings. Middle-aged lady: That is right. This forest and the trees are so important for us. The animals and birds will also have nowhere to go. We’ll go to the court. Why should the forest be destroyed? Let’s get orders from the court to stop any construction work that may be taken up here. (They leave together.) 10 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 14

Pine tree: Good news! The Green Forest will not be cut down! Eucalyptus tree and Neem tree: Great news! Peepal tree (to the Pine Tree): Who told you that? Pine tree: Well, I have my reliable sources. A little birdie told me the court has ordered that no construction should take place here. The environmentalists have saved us. All the people are talking about it. We are all safe. All the trees: G od bless the environmentalists. Humans should understand that they are closest to God when they are close to nature. 1) What was the old man planning to make on the land? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What did the pine tree tell the other trees at the start? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Fill in the blanks with the correct verb forms from the brackets. a) Her finger started to _____________________ when she cut it. (bled/bleed) b) R am _____________________ the arrow in his hand. (hold/held) c) The dog _____________________ Geeta as she tried to slap it. (bite/ bit) 4) The meaning of the word ‘environmentalist’ is ______________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) resident a) gain 2) facility b) a person who stays somewhere for a long time 3) profit c) amenity Reading Comprehension 11 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 15 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM

Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. India was celebrating Republic Day on the 26th of January. It was a national holiday. Mr Gupta was very annoyed and in a bad mood. He had had to close his factory and give the workers time off from work. A lot of work was incomplete and left undone. His profits would suffer. Mr Gupta was driving his luxury car with the air conditioner on full blast. At the traffic light, he slowed down and then stopped as the light turned red. His mood became worse. Just then, he happened to look out of the window and see a boy selling Indian flags. The boy was dressed in torn clothes, but his smile was infectious and lit up his face. On a whim, Mr Gupta rolled the window down and called out to him, 'I want two flags'. The boy immediately ran over to him and handed him the flags, saying 'Please give me change.' Mr Gupta took out ` 20 and held it out. 'No, change please', repeated the boy. Mr Gupta was surprised. 'I am giving change', he said. 'The flags are for ` 1 each, please give me ` 2 only', said the boy. Mr Gupta was amazed. 'How can you sell them for so less?' he asked. 'Today is Republic Day. Today, we are not doing business. We do that every other day. We are doing our bit for our country. The flags actually cost one rupee, so we are selling at that rate', the boy answered. Mr Gupta was taken aback. The poor, uneducated, street boy valued his country more than him. He felt terribly ashamed. – Manjula Shukla 1) Why did Mr Gupta have to give his workers time off from work? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) Why were the flags being sold at a cheaper rate? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 12 2/17/2018 4:26:03 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 16

3) Change the following sentences into negative sentences. a) It was a national holiday. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� b) The boy was very poor. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� c) Mr Gupta was in a bad mood. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4) The antonym of ‘educated’ is _____________________________________________. 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) annoyed a) capable of being easily spread to other people 2) infectious b) a sudden wish or desire 3) whim c) slightly angry Reading Comprehension 13 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 17 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Why are we studying this theme? Great human minds have worked hard to understand the world and make it a better place. Science and technology have changed the face of the world we live in. Let us read two prose pieces and a poem that tell us more about the wonders of science. NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 18 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Lesson Scientists and 16 Inventors Who Changed the World Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Words ending in -gy and -phy (stress on the third-from-last syllable) technology biology geology tautology photography geography biography autobiography Warm Up Activity • Can you imagine your life without the telephone, television, computer and electricity? What would it be like? • What do you think made a few people invent such wonderful things? Let us read a passage about a few of the most famous scientists and inventors whose discoveries have changed our lives. NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 19 15 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Reading the Text Nowadays, we live a life full of comfort. Technology and information are easily available whenever we need them. However, a lot of things that we take for granted were carefully thought out, discovered and invented by thinkers, scientists and discoverers of previous generations. One such person was Isaac Newton. It was the year 1665 when a young mathematician and physicist named physicist Isaac Newton was sitting in his living room, drinking a cup of tea. It was a beautiful day, warm and sunny. Isaac was relaxing in his chair and thinking about the forces of nature. As he sipped his tea, he saw an apple fall to the ground. This sight started a chain of thought in his mind. ‘What caused the apple to fall?’ He knew that nothing could move from its place without some force applied to it. ‘What was this force?’ he wondered. Isaac was an intelligent man with a questioning mind. He thought very deeply about the matter and figured that there was a force deep within the Earth that made the objects stay on it. Isaac thus discovered the force of gravity. This was a very important discovery in the field of science. Let us now read about another scientist who is gravity remembered the world over. His name is Alfred Nobel. He was born in Sweden and grew up excelling in studies. He showed a deep interest in developing explosives dynamite and later invented dynamite. Again, this was a very important invention. It was extensively used in the mining and building of roads. Unfortunately, it was also misused and caused destruction and death. However, an incident changed Alfred’s life forever. His brother died, and newspapers wrongly printed the news as Alfred’s death, with the headlines saying that devastated the ‘Merchant of Death’ had passed away. He was fortune devastated at the thought that his invention was being used to kill people. He decided to put his entire fortune into a trust that was used to fund international prizes for peace. These became the famous ‘Nobel’ prizes. Have you ever thought of how our lives would be without electricity? Let’s read about the great mind behind the invention of the electric bulb. Thomas Alva Edison was possibly America’s greatest inventor. He invented nearly a thousand things and, most importantly, the light bulb. 16 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 20 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

When Edison displayed his electrical bulb for the first time, one of the guests remarked that the idea was good, but he doubted whether anyone would want to light up their homes with such bulbs. How wrong he was! There is an interesting story surrounding Edison. Many people used to visit Edison’s office every day to meet him and take his advice. One day, a gentleman remarked that his office door was very heavy and difficult to push open. He advised Edison to replace the door with a lighter one. Edison answered that he had fixed a small pump to the door. It pumped a gallon of water into the overhead tank every time the door was pushed open. This was an extremely creative way of generating free power, wasn’t it? Another great inventor, Alexander Graham Bell, invented the telephone. Can you imagine what it would be like if there were no phones or mobile phones? The first words were spoken on the phone in the year 1876 by Alexander to his assistant Thomas Watson: ‘Mr Watson, come here, I want to see you’. Sadly, Alexander’s wife was deaf and was never able to use the telephone. indebted These early scientists and inventors made very valuable discoveries and inventions. We are truly indebted to them. Let Us Discuss 1) What did Isaac Newton notice as he sipped his tea? 2) What did Alfred Nobel invent? 3) Who invented the light bulb? 4) What did Alexander Graham Bell invent? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word take for granted physicist gravity Scientists and Inventors Who Changed the World 17 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 21 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Word Meaning excelling dynamite devastated fortune indebted Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) What chain of thought started in Isaac Newton’s mind when he saw an apple fall to the ground? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Which incident changed Alfred Nobel’s life forever? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 3) Why was Thomas Edison’s office door heavy and difficult to open? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ 4) What and to whom were the first words spoken on the telephone by Graham Bell? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ 18 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 22

Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) D escribe a scientific invention that is the most useful according to you. Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) Do you think that scientific inventions have disadvantages? If yes, what do you think they are? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ Speaking Task Debate Divide your class into two groups. One group speaks for the use of mobile phones, and the other group speaks against the use of mobile phones. Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of using mobile phones. The topic is as follows: ‘Are mobile phones a blessing or a curse?’ Your teacher will moderate the debate. Scientists and Inventors Who Changed the World 19 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 23 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Lesson Eureka! Eureka! 17 Let Us Start Listen and say aloud eureka Greek Words philosopher scientist disperse displace Syracuse weight aluminium volume Warm Up Activity • Imagine that you are a scientist and you suddenly discover something. What would your first words be? • Have you heard the phrase ‘Eureka! Eureka!’? Do you know what it means and who said it? Let us read a story about the person who said ‘Eureka! Eureka!’ when he discovered something important. 20 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 24

Reading the Text Archimedes was a Greek scientist in the king’s court. He lived in Syracuse nearly 2000 years ago. The king of the land wanted to wear a golden crown. He gave some gold to a goldsmith to make a suitable crown. After a few days, the goldsmith brought the finished crown to the king. The crown was weighed. The weight Archimedes of the crown was equal to the gold given to the scientist goldsmith by the king. The king looked at the colour of the crown. He had a suspicion. The goldsmith could have stolen some from the gold handed over to him. The king wanted to find out the truth. The king said to Archimedes, ‘Find out how much gold has been stolen.’ But how was Archimedes to do that? Archimedes thought about the problem day and night! One day, Archimedes suspicion was about to take his bath. He was busy thinking about the problem and did not notice that the bathtub was already full to the brim. As he slid into the bathtub, a large quantity of water flowed over the brim of the bathtub. He noticed this and suddenly realised that he had the answer to his problem. He jumped out of the bathtub, brim shouting ‘Eureka! Eureka!’ ‘Eureka’ in Greek means ‘I have found it’. Do you know that different metals of the same weight have different volumes? Objects, when put in water, displace water. The volume of the water displaced by the object is equal to the volume of the object. For example, an iron cube weighing a kilogram will displace some water. However, an aluminium cube of the same weight will displace more water than the iron cube. Archimedes knew all these theories. Using this knowledge, Archimedes worked out a plan to find out the purity of the gold in the crown. Archimedes took two bowls. He filled both the bowls with water to the brim. Then, he placed each bowl separately in the middle of a large vessel. He placed the crown in a bowl. Water overflowed and collected at the bottom of the outer vessel. Then, he took a cube of pure gold. This cube was equal in weight to the crown. He kept this gold cube in the middle of the second bowl. Again, water overflowed and got collected at the bottom of the outer bowl. Archimedes then measured the quantities of water in these two outer vessels. He found out the difference between the two quantities. The crown had displaced more water, while the Eureka! Eureka! 21 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 25 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

gold cube displaced less. However, since both the crown and the gold cube were of the same weight, they should have displaced the same amount of water. Therefore, it became clear that the crown had other metals mixed in it. These metals took up more space in water than pure gold. Archimedes reported these findings to the king. The king demanded the truth from the goldsmith, who then confessed. He had stolen some gold. He had in fact added other metals as a replacement. T hus, due to Archimedes’ clever principle, the king could discover the truth. This principle became famous as the ‘Archimedes principle’ and is studied even today! confessed Let Us Discuss 1) What did the king ask the goldsmith to make? 2) What suspicion did the king have? 3) W hat words did Archimedes shout when he found the solution to the king’s problem? 4) When Archimedes conducted his experiment with the gold crown and the solid gold cube, what were the results? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word scientist suspicion brim volumes displace theories 22 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 26

Word Meaning confessed principle Reading the Text Role play Divide your class into groups of five. Your teacher will hand out slips of paper with different reactions such as ‘surprised’, ‘thrilled’, ‘fear’, ‘anger’ and ‘joy’ written on them. Then, each team has to think of a situation where they could be used. Enact the situations in the form of a play. Eureka! Eureka! 23 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 27 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Lesson On the Grasshopper 18 and Cricket Let Us Start Listen and say aloud Rhyming words Word Rhyming words run, done, fun mead lead, read Word frost lost Sun ever – never hills – shrills Warm Up Activity • H ave you ever gone for long walks and observed nature? What do you like about the natural world? • Do you think plants and animals change along with the change of seasons? How? Let us read a poem about the everlasting beauty of nature and seasons. 24 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 28

Reading the Text The Poetry of Earth is never dead: new-mown mead When all the birds are faint with the hot Sun, And hide in cooling trees, a voice will run From hedge to hedge about the new-mown mead; That is the Grasshopper’s – he takes the lead In summer luxury – he has never done With his delights; for when tired out with fun He rests at ease beneath some pleasant weed. The poetry of Earth is ceasing never: On a lone winter evening, when the frost Has wrought a silence, from the stove there shrills The Cricket’s song, in warmth increasing ever, And seems to one in drowsiness half lost, The Grasshopper’s among some grassy hills. – John Keats Let Us Discuss 1) Whose poetry is never dead? 2) Why do the birds hide in the cooling trees? 3) What has wrought silence? 4) What are the two insects/creatures mentioned in the poem? Understanding the Text Exercise 1: New words Meaning Word faint new-mown On the Grasshopper and Cricket 25 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 29 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

Word Meaning mead luxury ceasing wrought shrills drowsiness Exercise 2: Literature comprehension 1) W hose voice will run after the birds hide in the cooling trees? What does he sing about? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) When does the cricket sing? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) To whom does the cricket’s song seem like that of the grasshopper? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 4) Why is the poetry of the Earth never ceasing? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 26 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 30

����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Exercise 3: Value-based questions – Judgement and appreciation 1) W hat do you think is the theme or message of this poem? What do the cricket and the grasshopper represent? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________________ 2) What do you think the line ‘The Poetry of Earth is never dead’ means? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ____________________________________________________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� Speaking Task Group activity Divide the class into groups of five. Make a chart and compare the different seasons of the year. Mention points like the clothes, food and the differences in the natural world in different seasons. On the Grasshopper and Cricket 27 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 31 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM

S6 Speaking Project How were they invented? The telephone is one of the most used technological devices today. It connects one person to another through radio waves. We all use the telephone every day. Do you know about its history, who invented it, in which year it was invented and so on? Given below is an image of the first telephone, which was invented by Alexander Graham Bell. There are many more interesting stories about the inventions that have changed the world. Choose an invention and research on it. Present the story of the invention interestingly. Given below is a list of inventions to choose from. You can also select other inventions. • the printing press • the electric light • the radio • the steam engine • the aeroplane • the telephone • the computer • the internet 28 2/17/2018 4:26:04 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 32

R6 Reading Comprehension Passage 1 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. In the evening, the priest kept a light behind the curtain and stood there with his puppet. When he moved the puppet behind the curtain, it cast a dancing shadow on it that was clearly visible to the emperor on the other side. As the emperor sat in front of the curtain and watched the dancing shadow, he listened to the stories narrated by the priest. The stories were about the queen. They were simply wonderful and brought back many of the emperor’s wonderful memories. The emperor clapped his hands with joy and said, ‘I would like to watch the puppet show every evening. I am delighted.’ Every day, the emperor attended court, talked to his ministers and courtiers and then watched the puppet show in the evening. He started taking great interest in his people. He built schools and hospitals in the name of the departed queen. He felt very happy when crowds of people gathered around him and praised him wherever he went. They would cheerfully shout, ‘Hail the Emperor! Hail the mighty one!’ The priest spoke to him one day, ‘Your Majesty, joys and sorrows are part of life. Whenever a person faces sorrow, they should always think of the good things and happy moments in life. They act as a source of joy that drives away all the sadness and cheers one up. They teach us to live happily and do good deeds to make others happy while remembering those who are no longer with us.’ The emperor smiled and nodded. ‘I thank you for guiding me and for such wise words’, he said. 1) What stories did the priest narrate in the puppet show? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 33 29 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

2) What did the emperor do before watching the puppet show every evening? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Fill in the blanks with a homonym (words with the same spelling but different meanings) in the pairs of sentences below. a) Let’s _________________________ a game. The author wrote a new _________________________. b) Use a black _________________________ to write this letter. The rabbit is sitting in a _________________________. c) I am going to _________________________ TV at night. My _________________________ is not showing the correct time. 4) The meaning of the word ‘narrated’ is _______________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) emperor a) dead 2) memories b) king 3) departed c) recollections Passage 2 Read the passage and answer the questions given below. A bird came down the walk, He did not know I saw. He bit an Angleworm in halves, And ate the fellow, raw. And then he drank a dew, From a convenient grass. And then hopped sidewise to the wall, To let a beetle pass. He glanced with rapid eyes, That hurried all around. 30 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 34 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

They looked like frightened beads, I thought, He stirred his velvet head. Like one in danger, cautious, I offered him a crumb. And he unrolled his feathers, And rowed him softer home. Than oars divide the ocean, Too silver for a seam. Or butterflies, off banks of noon, Leap, plash-less as they swim. – Emily Dickinson 1) Why did the bird hop sidewise to the wall? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 2) What does the poet compare the eyes of the bird to? Ans. ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� 3) Underline the adjectives in the following phrases. a) And ate the fellow, raw. b) From a convenient grass. c) Too silver for a seam. 4) The meaning of ‘stirred’ in the passage is ____________________________________________ ����������������������������������������������������������������������������������� . 5) Match the words with their correct meanings. Column A Column B 1) dew a) very careful 2) cautious b) tiny drops of water 3) oars c) tools used to row a boat Reading Comprehension 31 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 35 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

Glossary Sr. No Word Meaning 1 beamed (v.) smile widely 2 brambles (n.) thorny bushes 3 brim (n.) the top of a vessel 4 ceasing (v.) stopping to happen 5 charging (v.) rushing forward in attack 6 confessed (v.) revealed the truth 7 devastated (adj.) shocked and upset by something 8 disgusting (adj.) extremely unlikeable 9 displace (v.) move something out of its place 10 ditches (n.) long and narrow holes that are dug alongside a road or field to hold or move water 11 drowsiness (n.) a feeling of sleepiness 12 dynamite (n.) a powerful explosive or bomb 13 embarrassed ashamed (adj.) doing something very well 14 excelling (v.) 15 explore (v.) travel to learn more 16 faint (adj.) weak and dizzy 17 fortune (n.) wealth 18 gravity (n.) the force that attracts the objects to the earth's surface 19 hedges (n.) bushes that are planted as borders to fields and gardens 20 indebted (adj.) owing something to someone 21 lumping (v.) moving slowly and heavily 22 luxury (n.) a situation of great comfort and wealth NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 36 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

23 mead (n.) meadow (old English) 24 meadows (n.) grassy fields 25 mill (n.) a building where grain is turned into flour 26 monotonous boring (adj.) 27 new-mown (adj.) freshly cut 28 nibbling (v.) taking small bites 29 passed away (v.) died 30 physicist (n.) a person who studies the laws of physics 31 principle (n.) a standard belief 32 scientist (n.) one who studies science 33 scrambles (v.) struggles to climb 34 shrills (v.) makes a loud, high-pitched sound 35 shuddered (v.) shivered with fear or disgust 36 slurping (v.) drinking or eating noisily summer holidays in school 37 summer break (n.) doubt 38 suspicion (n.) 39 take for granted fail to respect or appreciate (v.) 40 theories (n.) ideas 41 tramp (n.) a poor, homeless person 42 troops (n.) groups of soldiers 43 volumes (n.) the amounts of space occupied by objects 44 witches (n.) women who cast spells 45 wrought (v.) formed 46 yikes (int.) an expression of surprise NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 37 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

n. Key v. noun adj. verb adv. phr. adjective adverb phrase NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 38 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

MATHEMATICS TERM 3 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 39 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

Contents 5Class 11 Decimals - I 1 8 11.1 Like and Unlike Decimals  14 11.2 Compare and Order Decimals  11.3 Add and Subtract Decimals  19 27 12 Decimals - II 33 12.1 Multiply and Divide Decimals  12.2 Percentages  45 13 Measurements 13.1 Perimeter, Area and Volume  14 Data Handling 14.1 Circle Graphs  NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 40 2/17/2018 4:26:05 PM

Chapter Decimals - I 11 Let Us Learn About • c onverting fractions to decimals and vice versa. • decimal place value chart and expanding the decimal numbers. • equivalent, like and unlike decimals. • converting unlike decimals to like decimals. • adding and subtracting decimals. Concept 11.1: Like and Unlike Decimals Think The teacher asked Pooja to represent the fraction of girls, if there are 556 girls in a school of 1000 students. Pooja said: “The fraction of girls is 556 ”. 1000 The teacher asked her to represent the same in the decimal form. Do you know how to represent a fraction in its decimal form? Recall In class 4, we have learnt decimals and fractions with their conversions. Let us recall them. NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 41 1 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM

Conversion of fractions into decimals To write the given fractions as decimals, follow these steps. Step 1: Write the whole part as it is. Step 2: Place a decimal point to its right. Step 3: Write the numerator of the proper fraction part. Conversion of decimals into fractions To convert a decimal into a fraction, follow these steps. Step 1: Write the number without the decimal point. Step 2: Count the number of decimal places (that is, the number of places to the right of the decimal number). Step 3: Write the denominator with 1 followed by as many zeroes as the number of digits after the decimal point. We observe that when a decimal number is converted into a fraction, the denominator is: • 10 if there is one digit after the decimal point. • 100 if there are two digits after the decimal point. & Remembering and Understanding We know that the first place to the right of the decimal point is called the tenths. The place to the right of the tenths is the hundredths. The place value of a number increases by ten when we move from right to left and decreases by ten when we move from left to right. Consider the following example. Example 1: Convert 1396 m into km. Solution: 1 m= 1 km 1000 1396 Thus, 1396 m = 1000 km To represent 1396 km in decimal form, we get a new place value to the right 1000 of the decimal point. We get the first place after the decimal point by dividing the number by 10. It is called the tenths place. We get the second place after the decimal point by dividing the number by 2 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 42

100. It is called the hundredths place. Similarly, we get the third place after the decimal point by dividing the number by 1000. It is called the thousandths place. 1396 Hence, 1000 km is written as 1.396 km in the decimal form. It is read as one point three nine six kilometres. Similar to the place value chart for numbers, we have a place value chart for decimals too. Decimal place value chart We can place the decimal number 1436 Decimal Tenths Hundredths Thousandths Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones point 1 1 1 1 4 36 0 10 100 1000 Example 2: In the number 426.038, a) which digit is in the hundreds place? b) which digit is in the tenths place? c) which digit is in the hundredths place? d) which digit is in the thousandths place? e) which digit is in the ones place? Solution: a) 4 is in the hundreds place. b) 0 is in the tenths place. c) 3 is in the hundredths place. d) 8 is in the thousandths place. e) 6 is in the ones place. Example 3: Write the following numbers in the decimal place value chart. a) 13.457 b) 450.72 c) 2153.068 Decimals - I 3 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 43 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM

Solution: Thousands Hundreds Tens Ones Decimal Tenths Hundredths Thousandths point 1 1 1 10 1000 100 10 1 (.) 4 100 1000 5 7 a) 13 . 7 b) 4 50 . 2 8 c) 2 1 53 . 0 6 Example 4: Write the expanded form of the given decimals and then write them in words. a) 5418.264 b) 315.608 c) 46.937 Solution: a) 5418.264 = 5 thousands + 4 hundreds + 1 tens + 8 ones + 2 tenths + 6 hundredths + 4 thousandths = 5 × 1000 + 4 × 100 + 1 × 10 + 8×1+ 2× 1 +6 × 1 + 4 × 1 = 5000 + 400 + 10 + 8 + 2+ 6+ 4 10 100 1000 10 100 1000 = F ive thousand four hundred and eighteen and two hundred and sixty-four thousandths. b) 315.608 = 3 hundreds + 1 tens + 5 ones + 6 tenths + 8 thousandths = 3 × 100 + 1 × 10 + 5 × 1 + 6 × 1 +8 × 1 10 1000 6 8 = 300 + 10 + 5 + 10 + 1000 Here you can skip = Three hundred and fifteen and six hundredths place as it hundred and eight thousandths. contains 0 c) 46.937 = 4 tens + 6 ones + 9 tenths + 3 hundredths + 7 thousandths = 4 × 10 +6 × 1+ 9× 1 +3 × 1 + 7 × 1 10 100 1000 = 40 + 6 + 9 + 3 + 7 = 46.937 But, here you 10 100 1000 cannot skip hundredths place = F orty-six and nine hundred and thirty-seven thousandths. Let us learn about equivalent decimals, like decimals and unlike decimals. 4 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 44

Decimal places: The digits in the decimal part are called decimal places. For example, 4109.34 has two decimal places; 1183.6 has only one decimal place. Equivalent decimals: The decimal numbers which have equal values are called equivalent decimals. For example, 0.3, 0.30, 0.300 are equivalent decimals. Like decimals: The decimal numbers that have the same number of decimal places are called like decimals. For example, a) 2.81, 35.94, 7.32, 145.67, 214.07 and b) 0.362, 51.093, 22.678, 8091.221, 1.003 are sets of like decimals. Unlike decimals: The decimal numbers that have different number of decimal places are called unlike decimals. For example, a) 5.11, 89.018, 3.4, 671.92 and b) 59.009, 231.8, 9.05, 12.25 are sets of unlike decimals. Convert unlike decimals to like decimals Consider a pair of unlike decimals, say 5.36 and 27.2. To find their equivalent decimals with the same number of decimal places, add as many 0s to the right of the decimal as needed. The equivalent decimal of 27.2 with two decimal places = 27.20 Thus, 5.36 and 27.20 are like decimals with two decimal places. Example 5: Convert the given unlike decimals into like decimals. a) 42.7, 53.28, 261.135, 11.01 b) 0.742, 12.06, 8.5, 17.12 c) 7.23, 2.1, 0.6, 4.382 Solution: a) Unlike decimals: 42.7,53.28, 261.135, 11.01 In these decimal numbers, the third decimal number has the highest number of decimal places = 3 S o, we have to find the equivalent decimals of the other three decimal numbers such that they have three decimal places. Decimals - I 5 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 45 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM

Thus, the required like decimals are: 42.700, 53.280, 261.135, 11.010 b) Unlike decimals: 0.742, 12.06, 8.5, 17.12 Like decimals: 0.742, 12.060, 8.500, 17.120 c) Unlike decimals: 7.23, 2.1, 0.6, 4.382 Like decimals: 7.230, 2.100, 0.600, 4.382 Application Let us see some real-life examples based on decimals. Example 6: If 502 out of 1000 students in a school are girls, then write the decimal equivalent of the fraction of girls in the school. Solution: The total number of students in the school = 1000 Number of girls = 502 The fraction of girls = 502 1000 The required decimal equivalent = 0.502 Example 7: If there is 263 cm of tape on a tape roll, how many metres of tape is on the roll? Give your answer in the decimal form. Solution: The length of the tape on the tape roll = 263 cm Converting into metres = 263 m 100 The required decimal form of the length of the tape = 2.63 m Example 8: The weight of a sugar jar is 5670 g. What is its weight in kilograms? Solution: The weight of a sugar jar = 5670 g Converting into kg = 5670 kg 1000 The required decimal form of the weight of the jar = 5.67 kg 6 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 46

Higher Order Thinking Skills (H.O.T.S.) Consider the following examples. Example 9: In a small village of 1000 people, there are 238 women and 450 men. Find the fraction of men, women and children and write them in decimal form. Write the decimals using place value chart. Solution: Total number of people in the village = 1000 Number of women = 238 Fraction of women = 238 1000 Decimal form = 0.238 Number of men = 450 Fraction of men = 450 1000 Decimal form = 0.450 Number of children = 1000 – (238 + 450) = 1000 – 688 = 312 Therefore, fraction of children = 312 1000 Decimal form = 0.312 Women Ones Decimal point Tenths Hundredths Thousandths Men 1 1 1 1 (.) 10 Children 2 100 1000 0 . 4 3 8 0 . 3 5 0 0 . 1 2 Decimals - I 7 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 47 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM

Concept 11.2: Compare and Order Decimals Think Pooja went to purchase a bag to gift her mother on her birthday. She selected two bags of prices ` 455.80 and ` 455.40. She couldn’t understand which is more expensive of the two. Do you know which is more expensive of the two? Recall We have already learnt about equivalent, like and unlike decimals. To compare two decimals, we should know the concepts of equivalent decimals and like decimals. Let us recall the concepts by answering the following: a) Write four equivalent decimals of 6.1. b) Convert these unlike decimals to like decimals: 32.5, 410.635, 6, 78.7 c) Identify the pair of like decimals: a) 39.12, 56.03 b) 0.14, 0.04 c) 6.75, 83.16 d) 7.101, 6.2 & Remembering and Understanding We know that, 1) A dding any number of 0s to the right side of the decimal point does not change its value. 2) U nlike decimals can be converted to like decimals by adding zeros at the right end. Now, let us learn to compare two decimals through a few examples. Example 10: Which is greater of the given decimals? a) 69.2 and 69.02 b) 77.10 and 77.012 c) 3.5631 and 3.61 8 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 48

Solution: a) 69.2 and 69.02 Step 1: T o compare two decimals, follow these steps: Step 2: C onvert the given decimal numbers into like decimals. Step 3: 69.20, 69.02 C ompare their integral parts. The decimal with the greater integral part is greater. Here, 69 = 69 If the integral parts are the same, then we have to compare the tenths digits. The decimal with the greater digit in the tenths place is greater. If the tenths digits are the same, compare the hundredths digits and so on. 69.20 69.02 6=6 9=9 2>0 Hence, 69.20 > 69.02 Note: Always start comparing from the largest place value in the integral part. b) 77.10 and 77.012 Step 1: nConvert the unlike decimals into like decimals: 77.100, 77.012 Step 2: Compare the integral parts: 77 = 77 Step 3: Compare the tenths digits: 1 > 0 Hence, 77.10 > 77.012. c) 3.5631 and 3.61 Step 1: Convert the unlike decimals into like decimals: 3.5631, 3.6100 Step 2: Compare their integral parts: 3 = 3 Step 3: Compare the tenths digits: 5 < 6 So, 3.5631 < 3.61000. Example 11: Which is smaller between each of the given pairs of decimal numbers? a) 367.80 and 362.801 b) 21.673 and 21.673 c) 11.729 and 11.726 Decimals - I 9 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 49 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM

Solution: a) 367.80 and 362.801 Converting the unlike decimals into like decimals: 367.800, 362.801 Comparing their integral parts, 367 > 362 Hence, 362.801 is smaller. b) 21.673 and 21.673 Given decimals are like decimals. Comparing their integral parts: 21 = 21 Compare: Tenths digits: 6 = 6, Hundredths digits: 7 = 7 Thousandths digits: 3 = 3 Hence, 21.673 = 21.673. c) 11.729 and 11.726 Given decimals are like decimals. Comparing their integral parts: 11 = 11 Compare: Tenths digits: 7 = 7 Hundredths digits: 2 = 2 Thousandths digits: 9 > 6 Hence, 11.726 < 11.729. Comparing decimal numbers helps us in arranging them in ascending and descending orders. Let us see a few examples. Example 12 : Arrange the following decimal numbers in the ascending order. a) 2.1, 2.01, 3.06, 0.831 b) 15.12, 19.18, 26.7, 1.007 c) 37.502, 36.512, 67.3, 22 Solution: a) 2.1, 2.01, 3.06, 0.831 Like decimals of the given unlike decimals: 2.100, 2.010, 3.060, and 0.831 0.831 < 2.010 < 2.100 < 3.060 Thus, the ascending order is: 0.831, 2.01, 2.1, 3.06 10 NR_BGM_181910060_Maple G5_Textbook Integrated_Term3_text.pdf 50 2/17/2018 4:26:06 PM


Like this book? You can publish your book online for free in a few minutes!
Create your own flipbook