Western Cape 2019 issue

Western Cape issue2019 \"INDESCRIBABLY MIND - BLOWINGLY AWESOME!\" Major Rian Venter





5 REASONS that sets DUT’s Department of Maritime Studies apart: Programmes aligned to the new Higher Education Qualification Sub- Framework (HEQSF) and registered with the South African Qualifications Authority Student-centered learning environment supported by sound teaching, learning and assessment practices Opportunity to participate in international student exchange programmes Holistic development of the student through general and core modules Modules that develop and instil the DUT Graduate Attributes mDEPaArRTiMtEiNmT OeF Visit www.dut.ac.za/faculty/applied_sciences/ maritime_studies/ to find out more. studies All applications via the Central Applications Office (www.cao.ac.za). Closing date: 30 September 2018. 031 373 2144

DRELAEMTSYSOEUTRSAIL Expand your mind and discover your world. If you’re looking to explore the world of international trade and shipping, travel the world, and take charge of your life, then a career in the maritime sector will put you on the path to success. Diploma in Nautical Studies (DUD - NS - 3) Minimum Entry Requirements: English - NSC 4 Mathematics - NSC 4 Physical Science - NSC 4 Diploma in Shipping & Logistics (DUD - SL - 3) Minimum Entry Requirements: English - NSC 4 Mathematics - NSC 3 Accounting, Business Studies or Economics - NSC 4 SAMSA Accredited Short Courses: Electronic Navigation Systems at Management Level Electronic Navigation Systems at Operational Level Human Element in Leadership and Management (HELM) Electronic Chart Display and Information Systems (ECDIS) Shore-based short courses: Fundamentals of Shipping Administration of Imports and Exports Contracts of Carriage by Sea Educate - Develop - Engage www.dut.ac.za DurbanUniversityofTechnology @dut_tweets DutCampusTv

OUR TEAM PUblishER: CHARLTON PETERS EdiTOR in ChiEf: LAURA CUPIDO ART diRECTOR: DONOVAN VAN ZYL ADVERTISING dEsiGn: JUDY GRATINO ACCOUnTs: SABRINA VAN ZYL disTRibUTiOn: SCIENCE CAREERS SA PROdUCTiOn: DONOVAN VAN ZYL CONTRIBUTORS: SANSA, S K A , N S FAS, NORTHLINK COLLEGE, WEST COAST FOSSIL PARK, JAMES HAYES SCIENCE CAREERS SA • TELL 021 224 0995 • CELL 073 488 1484 • FAX: 086 605 4912 • EMAIL [email protected] • WWW. SCIENCECAREERSSA.CO.ZA NO ARTICLE OR ANY PART OF ANY ARTICLE MAY BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION OF THE PUBLISHERS. THE INFORMATION PROVIDED AND OPINIONS EXPRESSED IN THIS PUBLICATION ARE PROVIDED IN GOOD FAITH BUT DO NOT NECESSARILY REPRESENT THE OPINIONS OF THIS PUBLICATION, THE PUBLISHER OR THE EDITOR. NEITHER THIS MAGAZINE, THE PUBLISHER NOR THE EDITOR CAN BE HELD LEGALLY LIABLE IN ANY WAY FOR DAMAGES OF ANY KIND WHATSOEVER ARISING DIRECTLY OR INDIRECTLY FROM ANY FACTS OR INFORMATION PROVIDED OR OMITTED IN THESE PAGES, OR FROM ANY STATEMENTS MADE OR WITHHELD BY THIS PUBLICATION. SCIENCE CAREERS SA MAGAZINE IS PUBLISHED BY SCIENCE CAREERS SA (PTY) LTD. ALL MATERIAL CONTAINED HEREIN, THE CONCEPT, THE IDEA AND ALL INTELLECTUAL RIGHTS ARE THE SOLE OWNERSHIP AND UNDER COPY RIGHT OF SCIENCE CAREERS SA (PTY) LTD, AND MAY NOT BE COPIED OR REPRODUCED IN ANY WAY. | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

“The most effective way to get it in your head!” Gr 11-12 Physics and Chemistry Science Exam Boot Camps! Join our top Science teachers to revise the essential theory and work through exam questions. You receive Smart Prep Books that contains one- page summaries of the essential theory, and exam questions/memos to help WHAT? you prepare for tests and exams. WHERE & WHEN? Check www.scienceclinic.co.za/bookings/book/ for seminar dates at your nearest university! QUESTIONS? Send us a contact request on @ www.scienceclinic.co.za/contact and we will call you back! PRICE? R450 per day (Block-bookings for 10 or more students: R350/day) www www.scienceclinic.co.za 2-min intro video: http://tinyurl.com/scienceclinic facebook.com/scienceclinicsa

contents Regulars Features 06 Partners & Credits 14 Inspirational Andile Mkandla 12 Message from our Editor 18 Psychometric Testing 17 Learner competition 20 10 Tips for Maths Success 30 letters from our readers 38 Why study Science 30 University vs TVET College 46 Student Funding in South Africa 94 21st Century Skills career juntion 10 Chemical Engineer 56 Industrial Designer 22 Biomathematics 58 Student Tutor 26 Educational Psychologist 62 Marine Engineering Officer 28 Sub Assembly Manager 64 Metallurgical Engineer 32 Proffessional Animal Scientist 68 Senior Section Ranger 34 Aircraft Avionician 70 Power Engineering - Technologist 36 Neurobiologist 72 Architect 40 Chemical Engineer 74 Environmental & Water Scientist 44 Geochemistry 76 Computer Science 48 Forensic Scientist 78 Marine Geoscientist 50 Fighter Pilot 80 Conservation Ecologist 52 Earth Observation Scientist 82 Dental Technologist | SCIENCE CAREERS SA



Inspirational Andile Mkandla After years of watching his single mother “There is this one specific day Andile says his boss gave him hope struggle to support him and his four siblings, that I will never forget, I was and said it was never too late to go Andile Mkandla (24) from Strand dropped working in the garden of my then back to school, and from that day out of school just after completing Grade 10. boss and he asked me to sit onwards, he started saving money He worked at construction companies, the down with him for a quick chat for school fees and school uniform. community scrap yard and later became a over food. I picked a flower from “I went back to school the following gardener in an attempt to assist his mother his garden and started talking to year and because of my good financially and save money for school. him about pollination as well as grades, I was awarded R700 at everything I had learnt in school Rusthof Secondary School for being about flowers and plants.\" a top achiever. I used that money to pay for my Grade 12 fees.\" tre BSc Earth Science student graduates a defeating the odds | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Proudly Sponsored by Despite having gone back to school, Andile's inspiring story is proof Andile is set on Andile continued to work at the that 'dreams delayed are not pursuing his scrapyard after school and weekends dreams denied'- as MSc in Earth for that little bit of income to assist his he will be among the thousands Science to mom with household necessities like of Stellenbosch University enhance his electricity and food.“I had amazing students graduating at the 2019 research skills teachers – one of my teachers even April graduation.“Coming to further in order became a mother to me. The situation Stellenbosch University has to contribute to at home was bad and our shack was opened up a lot of doors for me. I the enabling of too small for all of us, but my teacher worked at Ithemba Labs (National a sustainable was kind enough to take me in for the Research Foundation) in 2017, and environment duration of my Grade 12 examination doing motivational talks and ally friendly and we became family.\" acting as a mentor for the future. learners who attend their Mathematicsand Science classes. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA I also went on an excursion to the Antarctica in 2017; it was a once in a lifetime opportunity. “I struggled a lot during my time as a first-year student; I struggled to find my way around the campus and struggled to get my hands on textbooks due to financial constraints.\" Andile says his struggle taught him a lot and motivated him to start his own initiative whereby he mentors first-year students and collects books from former students to share with those who do not have. after “Having gone through all of that, I wouldn't want the next person to experience it because it was the toughest time for me in my academic career. I was fortunate enough to have people who helped me and tried to make things easier for me, people like Whitefield Estate Foundation who offered me a scholarship. And I have invited all of them to my graduation.\"

WHY YOU SHOULD STUDY Science is WHY STUDY SCIENCE? Staiosmugacaihlameseoznsaitocnzensiugenib!sgojefI!tcttIhsteis Science is one of the oldest In many countries around the world, the and most important matter of how to promote STEM subjects at school. academic disciplines,and is a hot topic. This is particularly true of Science-y careers covers a wide variety of the sciences, which can lead to many are diverse and subjects. It is also one of great degree options for students. So exciting, but the fundamental parts of why study science? And why is getting require years the term STEM, used to more students interested in studying of vigorous refer to science, technology, science at university so important? academic engineering and Firstly, science helps our understanding commitment. If mathematics. of the world around us. Everything we it’s so hard to get know about the universe, from how somewhere with trees reproduce to what an atom is made Science, up of, is the result of scientific why should you research and experiment. study it? | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Human progress throughout history has Physics largely rested on advances in science. Find out which are the best universities for Physics. From our knowledge of gravity to cutting-edge medicines, students of At university, there are many scientific disciplines Science have shaped our modern world. that fall under these 3. This allows students to All of these advances can trace their origin back become experts in a specific scientific area, and to individuals learning about science as students. then go on to a specialized career. That’s why it is in the interests of governments, companies and wider society to promote Science In fact, students with a degree in a scientific area as a subject at schools; it ensures the next wave of are usually highly prized. Often, a Science degree progression all of the fields that affect our daily lives. will enable graduates to go into well-paid jobs, In schools across the world, Science is and even choose the country in which they work. typically initially broken down into the 3 classical fields: Biology, Chemistry and In many countries around the world, STEM Physics. graduates are in high demand. Those with scientific expertise are attractive to employers Biology and societies, and often face less restrictive Discover the best universities for Biology. immigration policies. If you want to shape the world around you, help make scientific advances that benefit mankind, and prepare for a successful career, a Science degree will be highly valuable. Explore your study options, and find out which university is the right choice for you. Chemistry Explore the best universities for Chemistry. James Hayes Founder – Science Clinic |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

10 Tips for Math Success 1. Do all of the homework. 5. Analyze and understand every mistake. Our culture has become Don’t ever think of homework as a choice. It’s the most important way that students perfection- focused, and it’s tempting to practice and master the concepts taught in ignore our mistakes. Students want to pass class. Set up a regular time and place that over a mistake made on homework or a test, make doing the homework feel automatic. to just let it go. But it’s important to fix mistakes and understand why they were 2. Fight not to miss class. made; otherwise we’re doomed to repeat them. Take time to figure out the thinking Math class moves fast, teaching a new behind a mistake, and figure out how to do it concept every day. What students do today right. Ask the teacher if you’re unclear. In builds towards tomorrow. Math punishes advanced classes, it can be helpful to write absences; to keep up, students have to a paragraph of reflection about why errors make time to come back and learn what they were made. missed. So if there’s an optional appointment to be made, take care not to schedule it 6. Get help fast. during math. If a student realizes that something is difficult, 3. Find a friend to be your study he should seek as much help as possible as partner. We all have reasons for legitimate quickly as possible. Teachers are very receptive to requests for extra help. absences. So find a friend who will take good Straighten out misunderstandings before notes when you’re gone and will call that night they start to snowball. to fill you in on the homework. This is good practice for the real world, where building 7. Don’t swallow your questions. positive relationships is necessary to thrive. In more advanced classes, it’s a good idea Questions are the vehicle by which we learn. tobuild a study group to practice for tests. If you have one, ask it. Chances are that many of your students have the same 4. Establish a good relationship with question. Saying it out loud will help you, the teacher. High school teachers have up your classmates, and the teacher. Asking good questions is a lifelong skill, and school to 175 students, so it’s important to distinguish is a safe place to practice. The more yourself. During the first week of school, introduce questions we ask, the easier it gets. A yourself. Let your teacher know that you are good teacher will respect all questions. If interested in her class, and welcome the you feel that your teacher embarrasses you opportunity to learn. Ask questions that show for asking a question, talk to your parents you’re paying attention. Parents should also and have them tell the administration; this is introduce themselves, via e-mail or at a serious problem. Back-To-School night. Teachers respond best to students who show that they care about the class. | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

8. Basic skills are essential. IN TODAY’S HIGHLY Quick: what’s 9 times 7? To be successful, TECHNOLOGICAL students must be able to answer this WORLD correctly in their sleep. The multiplication Math classes have tables are the basis for most high school taken on a new math problems. If your child doesn’t know level of importance. them, practice! Make flash cards, buy a Science Careers SA computer program, and practice, practice, Magazine’s tips can practice. help every student do their best in 9. Algebra 1 must be mastered. every level of math. No matter what Algebra 1 skills are crucial to later math college or career a courses. Students must master skills like student is solving systems of equations, graphing, considering, doing slope, and simplification of radicals. Don’t his/her best in push students to take Algebra I until their math will maximize teacher says they are ready. And if their their options for Algebra grade is below a C, strongly consider the future. Math re-taking the class. Even in Calculus, most games and math problems consist of one difficult step, resources make followed by ten steps of Algebra. math more engaging as 10. Understand what the calculator is students develop doing. It’s not enough to know how to use skills in number sense, arithmetic, the calculator; students need to know what geometry and more. the answer means. They should ask themselves what the calculator is doing for |SCIENCE CAREERS SA them, and always analyze the calculator’s answer. For instance, if the teacher asks for “the square of negative three,” many students will type in “-3^2” which gives the answer “-9.” But the real answer is “(-3)^2”, or 9. Students should play around with their calculators and become familiar with the way they work.

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WWW.CCT.EDU.ZA COLLEGE OF CAPE TOWN DEVELOPING SKILLS IN AFRICA ANGOLA CELEBRATING 15 BURUNDI 15 YEARS OF CAMEROON TVET EXCELLENCE YEARS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC ACCREDITED TECHNICAL AND OF CONGO VOCATIONAL TRAINING AND SKILLS ERITREA DEVELOPMENT IN: ETHIOPIA GABON ART & DESIGN KENYA BEAUTY THERAPY MALAWI BUILDING & CIVIL ENGINEERING MAURITIUS BUSINESS STUDIES MOROCCO EDUCATION & TRAINING NAMIBIA ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING NIGERIA HAIRCARE REPUBLIC OF CONGO HOSPITALITY RWANDA INFORMATION & COMMUNICATION SUDAN TECHNOLOGY TANZANIA MECHANICAL ENGINEERING ZAMBIA TRAVEL & TOURISM ZIMBABWE College of Cape Town for TVET The College is a public Technical and Vocational Education & Training (TVET) College, under the Department of Higher Education & Training. Based in the Mother City, The College of Cape Town is South Africa’s oldest Technical and Vocational Education and Training Institution, with a proud history dating back to the beginning of the 20th century. The College is committed to being an institution of excellence that develops the potential of clients through quality Education and Training in response to the skills development needs of the country. Their vision is to be the preferred provider of Further Education and Training. Four former technical colleges (the Athlone, Cape, Sivuyile and Western Province Technical colleges) were officially merged on 1 February 2002 to become the College of Cape Town. This arose from a rationalisation in TVET Colleges in which some 150 colleges around the country were reduced to 50. Why the College of Cape A leading provider of Education and Training focussing mainly on Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET), the College has much to offer students and prospective partners as an alternative to Basic and Higher Education and Training. Qualifications include skills programmes as well as technical, vocational and occupational training that lead to recognised, accredited qualifications that are in high demand by commerce and industry throughout South Africa. The qualifications offered by the College are accredited, affordable and quality assured by Umalusi, various SETAs and SAQA. Faculties offered include Art & Design, Beauty Therapy, Building & Civil Engineering, Business Studies, Education & Training, Electrical Engineering, Haircare, Hospitality, Information & Communication Technology, Mechanical Engineering, as well as Travel & Tourism. Students can receive qualifications that range from Certificates to Higher Certificates, Diplomas, UNISA B.Ed Degree (Foundation Phase), Skills Programmes and Learnerships. The College is also an Accredited Trade Test Centre for various disciplines. Training Campuses Contact The College is situated in the central area of the Peninsula, with Email: [email protected] campuses located in Athlone, Cape Town’s city centre, Crawford, Gardens, Tel: +27 21 404 6700 Guguletu, Pinelands, Thornton and Wynberg. The Central Office is located Info Centre: 086 010 3682 (SA only) in Salt River, Cape Town. The College also has three residences. Fax: +27 21 404 6701/086 615 0582 Physical address: 334 Albert Road, Salt River, Cape Town 7945 Postal address: PO Box 1054, Cape Town 8000 Website: www.cct.edu.za 086 010 3682 . 021 404 6700 . [email protected] College of Cape Town - Inspiring Minds CCT_Official

21st SKILLS In today’s world learners are They need to learn how to focus Similarly, communities need people who can constantly being exposed to on what is essentially a chaotic think for themselves and empathize with information, messaging, opinions and environment and know what other’s needs and problems in order for even propaganda. This comes from information is valid and which everyone to succeed. their peers, parents, advertising, information to disregard or even television, the internet, their counter.Since information is so community, magazines, Facebook, readily available, children often just Instagram, Twitter and so forth. rehash it as opposed to creating Due to the fact that a lot of today’s their own ideas around a topic. messages are sent out in a limited Future employers (no matter what number of words, and an even you do) need to know that more limited context, children need candidates can think for to learn how to interpret, process themselves and contribute to the and respond to these messages. company in a meaningful way. | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

What are 21st-century skills? Set research tasks based within the school or the neighborhood – tell children they can only reference The 21st-century skills are a set of abilities that learners outside sources to substantiate their findings. Along need to develop in order to succeed in the information age. with the required learning outcomes, tell learners to identify trends and ask them why they think these Learning skills (4Cs) Literacy skills Life skills trends developed and whether they think these are Critical thinking Information literacy Flexibility good or bad trends. Creative thinking Media literacy Initiative Collaborating Technology literacy Social skills All of these ideas encourage learners to apply Communicating Productivity themselves as opposed to just referencing Leadership someone else. This is a good way to introduce them to the fact that information can be challenged Where to start as an educator and every part of what they study has application in the real world. No matter what your subject area, you can start utilizing the following methodology in your classroom: Another benefit is that when learners start seeing each other excited about topics, it motivates Keep learning current everyone to be excited about your subject. With motivation comes further application and Make sure examples you use are related to current news interpretation. Ultimately learners become more and world events.Encourage learners to download media engaged with what they learn and what the world is apps which filter news according to their individual interests. trying to tell them. Through this, they can make Tell them they can choose whatever they want, provided informed decisions about who they should listen to. that they choose at least two filters related to your subject. Randomly ask children in the class daily what interesting As a teacher, you need to challenge yourself and your news they saw on their app the previous evening. learners to engage with the world differently. Come up You can keep it short before you start your lesson. with strategies that work for you, your subject areas If what they talk about is relevant, base your lesson on that. and your learners. The results will be very rewarding. Let learners learn from each other, facilitated by their teacher Schedule class debates on difficult subject matter. On weekly rotation, ask some learners to either report back on the most interesting news they heard that week, with relation to your subject, or the most boring news. Give them 4 or 5 questions they have to answer by way of motivating why it’s interesting or boring. Encourage learners to learn from their communities SCIENCE CAREERS SA |

The road to STUDENT FUNDING in South Africa | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

How to get Free Education Students who wish to apply for NSFAS funding must have in South Africa South African citizenship, must be able to prove financial need by way of the NSFAS means test (except those currently Tertiary education is very costly and unaffordable receiving SASSA grants), must have applied or intend on for most South Africans, but is highly necessary if applying for studies at a TVET College or public University you plan on entering a professional career such as and must have a good academic record. TVET College Engineering, Accounting, Law, Medicine, Teaching, applicants should have passed Grades 9, 10, 11 or Matric, Science and more. Of course there is the option to whereas University students should have passed Matric to take out a student loan with one of the big 4 banks, apply.Students who are orphaned or have unemployed but once students have completed their studies and parents may also be eligible to apply, as well as students have found employment, this money must be paid from no-fee schools. back (with interest). The other obstacle to taking out a student loan is that you need a parent or Student Loans South Africa guardian to stand surety for you. There is however another option for students who are in financial Education is certainly not cheap, with the cost of registration fees, need but wish to pursue their tertiary studies, two tuition, accommodation (if your tertiary institution is far from home), means to free education: textbooks, a laptop and other study materials. But there is no denying that in today’s society one cannot afford to not have a 1) Bursaries tertiary qualification. Bursaries are monetary awards granted by private There is of course the option of a bursary or scholarship award organisations, government departments and study (which is the whole purpose of this website), but the truth is that institutions. They are granted based on either there are just not enough bursary awards for all the students who academic performance or financial need (and need them. However, there is another option for students in sometimes both).These awards generally require financial need – a student loan. students to “work back” the bursary award by taking up employment at the funding company 1) What is a student loan? once they have graduated. Financial institutions will lend you the money to pay for your Coverage will differ between each bursary studies – you will then be required to service the interest while you programme, but typically includes tuition fees, are studying, and pay back the capital once you have graduated. registration fees, examination fees, prescribed A student loan is paid directly to the financial institution where you books and study materials, accommodation, meals, are undertaking your studies (they will require proof that you have travel allowance and sometimes even a laptop been accepted and registered to study). computer. Apart from the financial aspect of the bursary award, many bursary providers also provide If you are studying full-time (thus not employed), someone will be students with mentors, vacation work required to stand surety for you and service the interest on your and practical on-the-job training. SA Bursaries loan while you study – usually a parent or guardian. has made it easy for students to access bursary opportunities and submit online bursary 2) What loan amount can I apply for? applications. This depends on the financial institution and the cost of 2) NSFAS Funding your tuition and other study expenses. (National Student Financial Aid Scheme) 3) What expenses can a study loan cover? NSFAS is a student bursary and loan scheme implemented and managed by the South African The loan can be used to cover your tuition fees, as well as government and funded by the Department of accommodation for full-time students, textbooks, equipment Higher Education and Training. and other education related expenses. The funding is used to cover tuition fees, books, This may differ between financial institutions. accommodation, food and travel allowances. NSFAS loans must be repaid when students 3) What expenses can a study loan cover? have graduated from College or University and are permanently employed with a minimum You will have to provide that you have been accepted to salary of R30 000 per annum. TVET College study and that you have someone to stand surety for students are not required to pay back their loan, paying back the loan. it becomes a bursary. 5) Where can I get a student loan? NSFAS is a registered credit provider in terms We have compiled a comparison of the top financial of the national credit act 34 of 2005 (ncrcp 2655) institutions in South Africa that offer student loans: - Standard Bank Student - Loan ABSA Student - Loan FNB Student Loan - Nedbank Student Loan |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

What is psychometric testing All activities and assessments that are conducted in order to evaluate candidate performance and include, but are not limited to, skills and knowledge, abilities, personality traits, attitudes and job/academic potential. This is a broad arena and one that needs explaining. There are many test styles and formats and we will cover the most common and most important areas within psychometric testing: aptitude tests, behavioural tests, and assessment day exercises. The first group, aptitude tests, have the goal of assessing various cognitive abilities from numeracy and literacy skills to spatial awareness and more. These will be explained later on this guide. The second group is focused around behavioural tests. These are intended to highlight specific personality traits that could indicate suitability for specific roles. These can come in the form of personality questionnaires, leadership tests, motivation tests and situational judgement tests. We will explain more about these traits further on in this guide. The third type is assessment day exercises, which are based on human interaction assessments. Various exercises utilize job specific skills and simulations and are usually carried out by assessors/psychologists. Beyond the challenge of correctly understanding and answering the test questions, the other hurdle is overcoming the time constraints. Both aptitude tests and assessment day exercises have time frames which gives the tests a high pressure feel and allows candidates to be assessed on how well they cope with time pressure. Behavioural tests are not usually timed. “By becoming more at ease with the tests you are taking, and more familiar with the process of being tested, you are able to work through quantitative and analytical problems more quickly, which ultimately will lead to a higher score” <html> | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

What Schools Have To Say... I had a very pleasant experience paging Your magazine is truly a very through the Western Cape edition of your informative tool for educators but magazine. I love the content and can see most of all our learners.Having taught the great value it will add to learners, natural science for the grade 8 and 9's educators and parents alike. Thank you and life science for the grade 10 to 12's, for creating such greatly needed platforms I have an excellent idea of the content for our learners, as we have introduced of these syllabi. Your magazine covers Tablets from grade 10 onwards. The most of these syllabi and more. It is content is relevant and gives readers a informative, exciting and in addition to it, good understanding of various career is that it is colourful and attractive. I know options. Well done.... I am excited to be it will draw the interest of most learners. associated with your magazine! ... I wish your magazine well in your future endeavors and please keep us on Zaida Julius your list. School Administration Progressive Principals CLIFFORD K. KIEWIT Association Deputy Principal Lavender Hill High School I had a look at your magazine and was pleasantly surprised at the quality of this magazine.Besides being visually attractive and comprehensive, it is also very informative regarding a range of science topics... As a career and science magazine it covers a wide range of science topics and information on careers in science. It also provides valuable information regarding registration, bursaries and study information at various tertiary institutions. Helpful tips and options for students in exams are provided and states the advantages of studying sciences. What really stands out for me is that this specific magazine caters for students, educators and professionals in various scientific fields. Congratulations on this wonderful science magazine and may this magazine go from strength to strength. Mark A. Fairbairn Deputy Principal Spine Road High School |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Get an Education University versus TVET College Technical and Vocational Education and Training (TVET) Colleges fulfill an important role in our society, but they tend to be considered less desirable than a University. Let’s unpack why this perspective is not the whole truth… So if that’s what society thinks, why are TVET Colleges important? TVET Colleges put the focus on learning skills that are geared towards specific occupations or careers. These occupations are usually overlooked when students are considering careers. There is a stigma in society that obtaining a qualification from a university is better because it automatically qualifies you for a high paying career, such as an accountant or a lawyer. While this may be the case in some instances, overlooking a TVET course could result in you missing out on a career that you enjoy and want to do, over one that potentially pays you more money. The occupations, that a TVET college prepares you for, are usually more fitting for people who are not happy to sit in an office all day while their soul gets sucked into spread sheets. These are the people who are not afraid to get their hands dirty and to really make a difference. This is particularly important because there are often more jobs available in fields that TVET colleges cater for. More jobs are available because many TVET courses equip their students for jobs that fall within the scarce skills sector – such as education and metallurgical engineering. This beats getting a university degree and still being unemployable. While some companies would value a University degree above a TVET qualification, the truth of the matter is that a TVET qualification is better suited for some occupations. Using Education as an example, a University student must first complete a three year Bachelor degree in their preferred field, before pursuing a further qualification in Education. However, if your aim is to work with younger children, you could pursue a National Diploma in Early Childhood Development and be ready to start working in 18 months. Hello pay check! | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

So what Course Options are What about the cost?  Available at TVET institutions?  The range of courses that can be studied is incredibly varied.  While a TVET qualification is usually Some of these courses include: quicker to obtain, it is also more • Education focused on getting you into the • Farm Management • Primary Agriculture Potentia workforce quicker – and at a lower • Business Management• expense to you. Having investigated a Marketing number of TVET colleges around Cape • Hospitality • Office Administration• Town, a course can cost between Mechatronics R8,000 and R30,000 for a 12 • Public Relations • IT month qualification. This seems a lot • Computer Science more affordable than a university These are just some of the most common courses that can degree, which can cost between be found at TVET institutions. These qualifications are all skills R31,500 and R56,000 per year for that are in high demand – not just locally, but internationally three years. No wonder the students as well. But some of those Qualifications look like  were protesting! University Courses, won’t I be Disadvantaged? There are also some shorter courses, such  as Junior Bookkeeping and Business Management, which let you pay per subject – this can also help you manage your costs. Many bursaries are available for these TVET qualifications and courses, just as there are  for University degrees. This is because they often cater for jobs that the government considers to be in the scare skills sector. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Does it feel LlikOeSyTouorubt rthanerdei?ng is getting LAZER FOCUSED SA's Leading Science Careers Magazine www.sciencecareerssa.co.za | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

CAREER JUNCTION

with Tremaine Robertson areer? biomathematics Career h ? | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

WTmIbliHioakHmIteShYaenCtmDahAteIauDRmtriecEaYsatEO,incRadUsncAVpat?hlariIcdsdsoeCorolibvtoteHmphliaveecrisOenmerbe.vgmisOesfnatontehSnhtrasyaaEtpttpdineahrirtfooeeefbeprirlfmeeleemrnpetocowroorticantmhcnsutiyinptdoiomauetyririozoaieunmbanpaR.iigatlIistltnectyeecahaftofcdnoimetscdpethos.desleemsem,isbbbialerueteritsctttoahtoolatahstfcnoemilyehlaoonintwgtheihsealwtmy.chaiaontritelceoeslvrlieigsasnesin’ttatjust two. The spreadtohef rianpvyasseivtteinpglsaanstpossible, so that you species has beccoamn exipnecrrienacseinthgelyvariety of services that mimopdoerltianngt,caanndasmtahsnaiissottchpawperoemitrehtraucttnihacinteayoltfofesre. eThifisowccilul paaElstoXiogPniavEleRyoIEu NCE VS TRAINING? fUWoNrHmDAuETlaRtTiGoRnOAoI&fNpIutrttWoNehhhnlweeeidGHcrraueeairEernpdDagsiyRirvrn.eIaeiDsgEdrmstu?mihatYaeynotOeymcrioagUeeunnhnrdlttsigsjeqohbucbtoaaeftnlnoihfirbineayegdsocaauthnhnRtca.aredArnealerlldeastianhpn,etosgioaisvuitfyrne.gcogcAlhhyuo,ll,uitnlroosbgetiih,ocimamnlklaaytct,hhrsieettrmimcaataaelttlgiyicc,iacsalllyl.y Passion in any endeavor is important, I completed a BySocu(hMaavethteomdoaitsictahilnk out of tIhteisbothx!rough this training that you as it helps you to persevere and gain the experience to think and realize your dreams. Remember that Sciences) with specializations in mathematics is not just accessible mathematical sTtaytpisetiocfspaenrdson that wouldaecnt jliokye a true researcher in to the highly intelligent people, but biomathematicst,haisBkSincd(Hoofncoaurerse)r? biomathematics. to anyone who loves it and desires to follow a career as a mathematical ((BcBMMuiiooraarmmttehhnaaeetttmmlhhyeeaadmmttoiiccaainssttgiiccwwassomAgndii)ttnceeasahhaciwnglynMuyuaaedpnpifnSnuaoeffIeecootnrtriaslccocbiypcmtuuneewiaoasscosalntoinntiinvtthntaressea,owrtiwnaouopinhnmridelsgdtats,sh,kstaeececaraapanlcieethd,rriiiessbnfoafWYuItugenlhiltnrOyncrewdohonigUtuehpciiAvgaorienHesh.lTgltTyAahCnhiDsdaHidTnAOgdLimfLOfiEucVNucEhlGtRyoECf StOhHeMAEV?E scientist. YsimtOraptUoergRtaienst osrkipllrsofvoirdeinvgercyhdiladyrelinftpeeaw. rApmitehpirensro,solaonsgymiyn ecological WHAT DOES honours project TYPE OF PERSONALITY THAT JOB ENTAIL? WOULD ENJOY THIS KIND OF who chooses occupational thedraepayltshwoiuthldmathematical CAREER? In a nutshell, reaadlsionbgeadneddicated, willing to woarpkphliacrad,tions in epidemiology utilizing useful ininfnoormvataivtieoannidnis able to work insateteaadmo. f ecology. The An individual who loves mathematics research articles relevant to and ecology. temptation to throw in the my thesis. SimuWlahtiantgqsupareliafidcations do I netoewde?l is part of your journey WHAT QUALIfICATIONS DO dynamics of a pYlaonutnsepeedcaieGsrade 12 with scientocesauncdcess, but I always I NEED? and deriving cermtaaitnhs. This may vary at differencht oose not to bow before it. mathematical formulae for To do a Master of Science (MSc) in Biomathematics, you need an certain variables of plant 3 IMPORTANT QUALITIES honours degree in a mathematical dynamics, from the THAT YOUR POSITION science. mathematical model that REQUIRES? I constructed with my DOES THE INDUSTRY (AND YOUR TYPE OF POSITION) Patience, passion and THAT YOU ARE IN, FACE GENDER BIAS? As far as I know, women are increasingly encouraged and welcomed into the scientific field! supervisors. So, females should feel free to DESCRIBE AN AVERAGE DAY? perseverance. pursue a career as a scientist! Journey to office, make coffee or IN ONE SENTENCE, IS CONTINUING EDUCATION green tea in our cute little kitchen, DESCRIBE YOUR JOB? AND FURTHER STUDIES IMPORTANT IN YOUR TYPE OF summon the research papers, Research in biomathematics CAREER? turn on the comUpnuitveerrsaitnieds,(syoeist,is best to conitsacctheaalclehnging, but also you guessed righUtn!i)vwerosirtky. it, If you want to be a researcher in rewarding if a mathematical Biomathematics at a university, because in the end it will be I highly recommend a PhD in a worth it! Does the Industry (aarnediny,ofamuarcroeetdymepleeaaonnfdinigtsfual.pplications Mathematical Science, as position) that you universities are more likely to WHAT DO YOgUeEndNeJrObYias? appoint you as a researcher if highlights? MOST? ADVICE FOR PEOPLE More woman than men chooseCtOo NbeScoIDmeERING THIS CAREER? you have a PhD. ■ occupational therapist. Work hard in school to achieve Researching relevant books/articles tIos ecvoennttinuualilnyg education angdrefautrrtehseurlts. When you apply to derive desired fosrtmuduileaseimfopr ortant in youratyupneivoefrsity, choose a career in certain variablescaorfepelra?nt accordance with the subjects dynamics. The Health Professions CouncilthofaStoyuotuh’re most passionate about. Africa is our statutory body and requires us to do continuing education activities every year in order to register yearly. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

with Major Rian Venter WHY DID YOU CHOOSE THIS members and thereafter One of those reminders happen during CAREER? a morning meeting will takeoff, when you are kicked in the back I was fortunate enough to have been take place where the by a lit afterburner, accelerating you exposed to fighter aviation from a very day's flying programme, furiously down the runway. young age. My father was a fighter pilot for weather conditions, 3 IMPORTANT QUALITIES THAT 26 years, so I grew up in this environment. aircraft availability and YOUR POSITION REQUIRES? At around 5 years old, I decided that this is general administration The most important quality is Passion. what I wanted to do and proceeded to align issues are discussed. If you have a passion for aviation and my lifestyle and education to ensure that I From there, copious fighter flying, the rest of the desired was equipped to take on such a challenge amounts of caffeine is qualities will follow naturally such as consumed before flying attitude and work ethic. This environment WHAT FORMAL QUALIFICATION for the day commences. is very demanding and highly competitive DID YOU HAVE TO ATTAIN? Typically the average and requires one to have high self - fighter pilot will fly confidence and a burning desire to What you are not told about becoming a anywhere be the best. fighter pilot, is the long road that lies ahead from once before setting foot in a fighter cockpit. From to thrice daily Major Rian Venter arriving as a fresh civilian to strapping into with pre-flight a Gripen fighter jet cockpit takes briefings and EXPERIENCE VS TRAINING? approximately 8-10 years. All training takes post-flight As in most fields, experience will place in-house, through the South African debriefs for trump training every time. Air Force (SAAF) and consists of a variety of each event Unfortunately 10 years’ experience courses designed to not only turn you into a (sortie) to takes 10 years. It cannot be given soldier but to build you into a military ensure to someone in a shorter period, no aviator. The military training related to maximum matter how advanced the training soldier ship and officer ship took place in training value or the candidate is. This is very Pretoria at the SAAF Gymnasium and the is gained from true in aviation and more specifically SAAF College. The flying related training the day's flying. fighter flying. Learning comes from took place at the Military Academy in The day usually making mistakes, which as a fighter Saldanha and Central Flying School in ends off in the pilot trainee happen fast and often. Langebaanweg, both located in the Western bar where most Cape. tactics are discussed or in the gym for WHAT DOES YOUR JOB ENTAIL? anaerobic training. As a fighter pilot, my job is simple... WHAT DO YOU ENJOY Defend the skies of South Africa MOST? against any airborne threats and to strike fear in the hearts of enemy The dynamics of operating troops on the ground in support of a fighter aircraft are such that our own Forces. there are many moments which remind you of why DESCRIBE AN AVERAGE DAY? you chose this career. The average day at a fighter squadron begins with roll call for all | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

\"INDESCRIBABLY MIND - BLOWINGLY AWESOME!\" IN 1 SENTENCE, DESCRIBE Major Rian Venter YOUR JOB? WHAT CHALLENGES HAVE DOES THE INDUSTRY (& YOUR Indescribably mind-blowingly YOU HAD TO OVERCOME? TYPE OF POSITION) THAT YOU awesome! ARE IN, FACE GENDER BIAS? In this career specifically, WHAT ARE THE LEAST everything is a challenge. Fighter Statistically speaking, yes. A lack of ENJOYABLE ASPECTS OF pilots are not born, they are built exposure and stigmas have largely YOUR POSITION? and this building process is slow, kept women out of fighter cockpits. brutal and potentially deadly. For Times have changed however and Unlike Airline pilots, our job is not me, the biggest challenge was as gone are the days of the military purely just to fly. As soldiers and a student. The pressure to being \"a man's world. “Today there military officers, we have many perform is extremely high and all are many female fighter pilots over and above tasks which must that stands between you and around the world and the SMF even be done to allow a military unit to ticket out of the fighter line is has its own female Gripen pilot. function on a daily basis. So in two consecutive sub-par sorties. These ladies are in no way inferior short, paperwork is plentiful and I never failed a sortie but had to to their male counterparts and have the least enjoyable aspect. overcome my own stress, doubt had to overcome monumental and fear of failure, which is why pressure to prove themselves ADVICE FOR GRADE 11 AND self-confidence is so important in worthy. I would definitely 12 LEARNERS CONSIDERING fighter flying. encourage more ladies to follow THIS CAREER? this career path. WHAT QUALIFICATIONS To put things in perspective, more DO I NEED? IS CONTINUING EDUCATION than ten thousand people apply for AND FURTHER STUDIES Air Force selection every year. Only Although a tertiary qualification is IMPORTANT IN YOUR TYPE around a thousand are invited for the desired, the only qualification OF CAREER? battery of tests and interviews. From required to enroll as a pupil pilot there only thirty or so are selected for or navigator in the SAAF is a matric Definitely! This is a continuous pilot /navigator training in the SAAF. pass on higher grade with a C learning game. The technological Of those thirty, only around eighteen aggregate in Mathematics, Physical environment is constantly changing will receive their wings. Of those Science and English. However, and weapon systems are ever eighteen newly qualified SAAF pilots, achieving a higher average will give improving. As a fighter pilot one only around five will get the opportunity you a better chance to be selected has to stay ahead of the game and to undergo fighter pilot training. Of during the selection process. develop new tactics to counter those five, only one or two will newer threats ■ eventually strap into a Gripen fighter jet. Therefore, I cannot emphasize hard work enough. Achieve the best possible grades at school or university and strive to stay healthy and fit. Lastly NEVER GIVE UP. TYPE OF PERSONALITY THAT WOULD ENJOY THIS KIND OF CAREER? Anyone with a competitive spirit, who enjoys teamwork will find flying fighters extremely rewarding. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

with Dr Hayley Cawthra Why DID yOu ChOOSE ThIS WhAT TRAININg DID yOu DESCRIBE AN AVERAgE DAy? CAREER? uNDERgO, AND WhERE? What is unique about working in I chose to study geoscience because I I enrolled for a Bachelor of Science science in South Africa is that we have a fascination with how the Earth in Geological Sciences at the have to be hands-on in so many works and I enjoy landscapes and outdoor University of Kwa-Zulu Natal (UKZN). different ways. Some days I can be environments. I specialized in marine When this was complete, I did one in a workshop in the morning and in geology later on for two reasons. The first year of Honours in the same a fancy meeting in the afternoon. So is that I love the ocean, and the second is department. My postgraduate no day is ever the same and we that I see the ocean as the last true professional preparation was part have so much opportunity to never ‘frontier’ on our planet. It is an unexplored time while I worked at the Council for stop learning. space with many secrets, and this excites Geoscience and these included a me greatly. Master of Science (also from UKZN) and a Doctor of Philosophy from the University of Cape Town (UCT). MARINE GEOSCIENTIST tre | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Proudly Sponsored by WhAT DO yOu ENjOy MOST? 3 IMpORTANT quAlITIES ” You need to enjoy the ThAT yOuR pOSITION outdoors and have a I derive most pleasure from REquIRES? fascination with the discovering something new. Earth. It is hard Sometimes this happens while we Patience, diligence, enthusiasm. are out at sea – such as mapping a ‘newly found’ shipwreck or reef, IN 1 SENTENCE, but most of the time it comes from DESCRIBE yOuR jOB? carefully analyzing data and realizing that we have come I map the seafloor and conduct across something unexpected. research on ancient natural history. work and requires EXpERIENCE VS TRAININg: continuous learning and You need both. But with the three points listed above (patience, diligence, enthusiasm), you will be thinking, so an in a great position to spend the time and effort on a science ”insatiable curiosity is degree, then gather experience as advantageous. you continue to motivate yourself to always do better. In this career, WhAT quAlIfICATIONS DO I you will not immediately land a top-level job, but as your skills grow and you are able to contribute more, it is a very fulfilling career path. NEED? ADVICE fOR gRADE You will need to study a Bachelor of 11 AND 12 lEARNERS Science, majoring in geology and/or CONSIDERINg ThIS geophysics and/or oceanography. You do CAREER? not have to have prior marine experience and do not even need to know how to swim Study hard and get the best Matric when you start, but if you have the passion result that you can, in order to be to invest time and energy into this, you can accepted into a competitive learn fast and do extremely well in this field. programme. Start asking about available bursaries at your school. IS CONTINUING EDUCATION AND Attend all open days that you can FURTHER STUDIES IMPORTANT to learn as much about different IN YOUR TYPE OF CAREER? opportunities that you can. Yes, definitely. But you do not have to. I work in research, so it was important for WhAT ChAllENgES hAVE me, but if you take on an industry career, yOu hAD TO OVERCOME? four years (a B.Sc. with Honours) can be sufficient. At university, my family did not have money to pay for my DOES ThE INDuSTRy (AND yOuR education, so I needed to keep up TypE Of pOSITION) ThAT yOu ARE the best results that I could IN, fACE gENDER BIAS? achieve and apply for bursaries and scholarships throughout. Not that I have experienced. Even though When I finished my B.Sc. Honours, geological science was traditionally a field I was fortunate to be employed as more commonly pursued by men, this is a junior scientist at the Council for Geoscience but I continued with ■definitely not the case anymore. my postgraduate studies while I carried out the responsibilities of my job. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

How the Council for Geoscience is working to boost the Blue Economy The Council for Geoscience (CGS) is a South African Africa landlocked, there is a significant dependency science council that is mandated to undertake on marine and coastal resources for trade, tourism all forms of geoscience research and generate and employment. knowledge on onshore and offshore geology. Marine geoscience at the CGS has a long history. The South We link our imperatives to the mandate of the CGS, African offshore area is larger than the onshore Operation Phakisa, to global standards in marine region, and will be more than doubled if the Extended geophysics and hydrography, and we enrich our Shelf Claim is ratified by the United Nations. The CGS research through a strong global network. The has designed a marine geoscience programme with marine geoscience programme is based on six focus an overarching objective to boost the blue economy. areas, each of which is being carefully addressed We aim to create the ‘real map’ of South Africa, with equal priority. These include: innovation in which seamlessly spans from the onshore area mapping, technological advancement, capacity to the outermost edge of the marine domain. The building and training, knowledge through research, marine geoscience programme is mapping the entire data management, and ocean governance. Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) with full coverage, using a suite of vessels to full ocean depth and The broad aims are to: applying five marine geophysical methods. These 1. Map the EEZ using five different marine techniques include multibeam bathymetry, side-scan sonar, marine magnetics, medium-penetration sub- geophysical methods. bottom profiling and gravity. 2. Produce onshore-offshore geological maps at a South Africa’s rich and productive coastal waters scale of 1:50 000. support tens of thousands of jobs and contribute over 3. Develop a strong culture of marine geoscience in R 20 billion to the national economy each year, with coastal goods and services estimated to contribute South Africa. 35% to South Africa’s Gross Domestic Product. 4. Gain a clear understanding of marine geoscientific Preliminary economic analyses suggest a R 5 to 7 billion boost in direct economic benefits to maritime processes on the continental shelf in selected industries through the completion of an offshore strategic areas. mapping programme, and these projections were 5. Contribute to matters related to based on the continental shelf which comprises only ocean governance. 15% of the EEZ. Marine and coastal resources are 6. Support marine governance. important as they represent a source of food and have enormous potential for economic development The specific aims are to produce high-quality through tourism and industry. With 43% of Southern baseline data at ultra-high resolution in order to (for example): 1. Locate offshore strategic economic prospects. 2. Update nautical charts. 3. Conduct earthquake and tsunami hazard assessments. 4. Aid in the planning of offshore infrastructure. 5. Provide baseline datasets for monitoring global change and future projections. 6. Provide input into models of sediment transport, coastal erosion, and coastal flooding for coastal Figure 1. Six focus areas of the CGS’s marine geoscience programme. Figure 2. Work plan by area, commencing on the continental shelf of the Western and Eastern Cape Provinces.

Figure 3. Data examples (multibeam bathymetry) from Table Bay, Western Cape. Figure 4. An example of an onshore-offshore map in the 1:50,000 series (3422AA A: The seafloor surrounding Robben Island. B, C: Structural features of bedrock Mossel Bay). outcrops. D: Unknown shipwreck mapped in a channel . A key deliverable is onshore-offshore maps covering the coastal and shallow marine area, as well as vulnerability studies. marine geological maps of the seafloor in line with the 7. Carry out regional sediment management. CGS’s onshore 1:50,000 series. Per sheet, we are 8. Characterise and model benthic habitats generating a geological map, a digital elevation model, side-scan sonar mosaics, a marine benthic habitat and ecosystems. map, sediment isopachs and magnetic anomalies. 9. Provide ground-truth values for remotely sensed/ The CGS has undertaken more than a century of satellite data, helping to refine new techniques for geoscience research in South Africa focusing on environmental assessment and prediction. minerals and energy; water, the environment and 10. L earn more about how the Earth and its health; land use and infrastructure development, and innovation and diplomacy. These initiatives are environmental systems function. now anticipated to be developed in the coastal and marine domain, given the technological advances Our work plan commences on the continental shelf in seafloor mapping. We continue on a trajectory (within 120 m water depth) and within the first five of integrated geoscience solutions to understand years we aim to work in the deeper portions of the complex geoscience questions and serve the needs EEZ, up to and beyond 500 m. of society. The programme has already contributed towards Get in touch with the Council for Geoscience coastal vulnerability projects along the Cape South The Council for Geoscience has a national footprint Coast and the quantification of beach nourishment with research offices in the Western Cape, Northern and erosion at populous beaches. We focus on Cape, Eastern Cape, Kwa-Zulu Natal and Limpopo. generating baseline data from which to monitor global The head office is situated in Pretoria, Gauteng. change and are carrying out studies in palaeo sea For more information visit www.geoscience.org.za, levels in order to project to future scenarios. We have send an email to [email protected] or assisted in engineering and port development studies call +27-12-841-1911. in the Eastern Cape, Western Cape and KwaZulu- Natal. We are developing a machine learning tool to I @CGS_RSA I I derive benthic habitats from backscattered acoustic energy and contributing to the development of a regional environmental management plan. Through this programme, we aim to inform evidence- and science-based policy development.

with Richardt Venter Professional Livestock Scientist Richardt Venter WHY DID YOU CHOOSE THIS CAREER? | SCIENCE CAREERS SA It happened by chance to be honest – I discovered Animal Science in the Faculty booklet. What I did know is that I wanted to work with (healthy) animals; but I didn’t know initially that Animal Science existed or what it was about. I knew I didn’t want to be a Vet, but Animal Science forms the basis of a great career for all aspiring Vets who don’t get into Onderstepoort, but Animal Science on its own is a huge and growing industry and is independent from Vets. WHAT TRAINING DID YOU UNDERGO, AND WHERE? I studied 4 year B.Sc (Agric) Animal Science at UP, followed by an M.Sc (Agric) specializing in Animal Nutrition also at UP. WHAT DOES YOUR JOB ENTAIL? Currently I work for myself as a private and independent consultant, but it is my 5th fulltime employed job, and it took me a long time to get here. I started in a Feed Company, then moved on to Feed Additive suppliers starting regional and progressing to Sub-Sahara Africa, and even spent some time in an agriculture publishing and media company. But with 15 years’ experience under the belt I started my own business as a Silage Consultant and Professional Livestock Scientist, at AgSci Unlimited. IN 1 SENTENCE, DESCRIBE YOUR JOB? My job is my part time hobby that became my full time passion.

“ You just need to be willing to learn and willing to work with other people (including other personality types) – like everywhere else in the world! The job starts by you asking a question, not giving an answer. ” DESCRIBE AN AVERAGE DAY? EXPERIENCE VS TRAINING? WHAT QUALIFICATIONS DO I NEED? I usually work 3 to 4 days a week Your training gets you the interview outside on farms consulting. This and gives you the ability to B.Sc (Agric) is the minimum requirement to means interacting with the farmer understand your field of science. register (by law) at the South African and manager(s) and evaluating feed Experience comes with being willing Council for Natural Scientific Professions, (in my case mostly roughages and to learn every day. to eventually become a Professional Animal silage), animals (in my case usually Scientist. ruminants especially dairy cows) and ADVICE FOR GRADE 11 management methods on the farm. AND 12 LEARNERS DOES THE INDUSTRY (AND CONSIDERING THIS YOUR TYPE OF POSITION) WHAT ARE THE MOST CAREER? THAT YOU ARE IN, FACE ENJOYABLE ASPECTS GENDER BIAS? OF YOUR POSITION? If you believe that being part of the ever-growing animal protein No, I would like to say not. In fact, there I love working outside the city and food-supply chain to the world can be are probably more females working in interacting with farmers and their part of your life quest, if you like this industry than males, although the animals alike. I also really enjoy working with mostly healthy and numbers getting their degrees also working for myself and the freedom growing animals, if you understand reflects this ratio so it might not be a that this brings. that even when you will be working significant observation. I think if you with animals you will still work with want to work, you will work. WHAT IS THE LEAST people, then this is the career for you! ENJOYABLE PART IS CONTINUING EDUCATION OF YOUR JOB? TYPE OF PERSONALITY AND FURTHER STUDIES THAT WOULD ENJOY IMPORTANT IN YOUR TYPE Time management – juggling the THIS KIND OF OF CAREER? importance of tasks! And keeping up CAREER? with reporting and general admin after Furthering your education is always the visits. Working for yourself also You just need to be willing to learn important as it makes you part of a takes a lot of discipline from getting and willing to work with other people smaller group every time. This is the business, doing it right and (including other personality types) – true for every course you take – not on-time, and following up as regular like everywhere else in the world! only degrees! I mentioned already as is required. The job starts by you asking a what my M.Sc (Agric) meant most question, not giving an answer. for me as far as understanding 3 IMPORTANT QUALITIES research and statistics. But I have THAT YOUR POSITION WHAT CHALLENGES HAVE seen Animal Scientists go very far REQUIRES? YOU HAD TO OVERCOME? in our industry without any post-grad studies – it depends on People skills, the ability to sell yourself, People’s perceptions of what you the person, the opportunities and and to talk about the application of can or cannot do mostly! So in the how much you want it! ■ science with authority. end it’s up to you to drive your own destiny! |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

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with Lucindy Naude Why DID yOu ChOOSE ThIS WhAT TRAININg DID yOu DESCRIBE AN AVERAgE DAy? CAREER? uNDERgO, AND WhERE? No day in our Industrial Design I studied a variety of subjects in High My high school education served as studio is normal or boring. An School not knowing where they will lead a building block towards my future, average day will always include me in the future – I was not sure what I but never helped me to develop my some kind of challenge, which wanted to do, I only knew that I wanted passion. After high school, I worked makes it very interesting, because to be in a design and engineering field. at an architect firm where I gained we always strive to be creative or Luckily, I had a friend who introduced me so much experience. Through this think outside the box every day. My to Industrial Design. I enjoyed shadowing opportunity, I learned several day is always filled with practical him and immediately recognized my drawing techniques and programs. projects. passion for communicating through These skills have been very helpful design. in the course that I am currently involved in. Industrial Designer tre | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Proudly Sponsored by WhAT DO yOu ENjOy MOST? 3 IMpORTANT quAlITIES ” Industrial design is ThAT yOuR pOSITION about solving Seeing an idea that I had in mind REquIRES? problems, think of developing and turning into a product. The highlights of Sense of Design; Good problem solving; designing a product is when I Good imagination and visualizing. have gone through all the design phases, and having a IN 1 SENTENCE, the product designer well-executed end product. I also DESCRIBE yOuR jOB? enjoy challenging myself – I try to improve after each project and do Industrial design is about solving as the captain that more than the previous one. problems. EXpERIENCE VS TRAININg: steers the ship towards finding the Both strategies carry potential rewards; I believe that they both ”best solution for have an equal role to play. For me, customers. experience has brought me where I am today. There are so many skills that you can read about in the book but having to apply it in real life is much more difficult. Experience helped me to think logically and figure things out. ADVICE fOR gRADE IS CONTINUING EDUCATION AND 11 AND 12 lEARNERS FURTHER STUDIES IMPORTANT CONSIDERINg ThIS IN YOUR TYPE OF CAREER? CAREER? It can help; however, this career revolves Remember that hard work always around the work you do and your pays off – I’ve had multiple portfolio. It doesn’t always mean the situations where I had to work better designer is the one with the better right through the night and having qualification. classes the following day. Always try to have a good attitude towards DOES ThE INDuSTRy (AND yOuR people and everything you do; it TypE Of pOSITION) ThAT yOu ARE makes a big difference. IN, fACE gENDER BIAS? WhAT ChAllENgES hAVE Somewhat yes; even when I look at my yOu hAD TO OVERCOME? co-students, it is definitely male dominant. However, the industry supports both The biggest challenge I have had genders since they contribute in important to overcome was coming up with ways – for example, how good of a new ideas. It can be very designer are you and how the worldview challenging, especially when it comes to having to meet the ■influences your design decisions. deadlines. WhAT quAlIfICATIONS DO I NEED? To be a professional industrial designer, you’ll need a Diploma. This is only the first step, if you are self-driven like me you can study further to get an advanced diploma, degree or master’s degree. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

2018 Start your future career in Industrial Engineering with What your future holds a Diploma from CPUT FUTURE STUDIES Do you like keeping things in check? Advanced Diploma: Industrial As an Industrial Engineer you will optimise complex Engineering processes and systems, manufacturing methods, plant Post Graduate Diploma: Industrial layout and materials handling, production control, purchasing Engineering and stock control, quality control, work standards and Masters: Industrial Engineering industrial economics. Doctorate: Industrial Engineering Your main task will be to ensure that the most effective FUTURE INDUSTRIES and efficient processes are used to ensure improved Engineering productivity in industry. Manufacturing Service-based Industries Government Banking Transport FUTURE CAREER Industrial Engineering Technician/ Technologist ON-THE-JOB TRAINING You will be required to complete a minimum of 6 months in-service training. You will also complete compulsory service learning projects. Apply before 30 September 2017. Visit www.cput.ac.za for more information on how to apply. +27 21 959 6767 www.facebook.com/cput.ac.za [email protected] @cput www.cput.ac.za @wearecput This information is subject to change based on approval and accreditation of HEQSF aligned qualifications during 2017/8. Admission requirements may therefore differ between the creating futures existing qualification and the HESQF aligned qualification. Please consult the CPUT website or faculty for updated information. Every effort has been made to ensure the accuracy of the information in this pamphlet; however the University reserves the right at any time, if circumstances require to make changes to any of the published details. AT H L O N E B E L LV I L L E CAPE TOWN GEORGE GRANGER BAY M O W B R AY WELLINGTON WORCESTER

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“ “ withYuleshni Govender tyihenoitinvadnahueleukraelrcenslyooawmtgfCvrnfiooyeonhurrseeltndemd,rsical YGuolveesnhdneir Chemical Engineering Graduate | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

WHY DID YOU CHOOSE THIS CAREER? EXPERIENCE VS TRAINING? I believe that chemical engineering would give me I personally believe that experience is far more exposure to everything that life as to offer. Being beneficial then training. Don’t get me wrong, the person that wants to know about everything, training is very important and lays the foundation in any career. Whoever experience is something W HAT TRAINING DID YOU UNDERGO, tohnaet can never be duplicated. The knowledge that AND WHERE? can gain from working in industry can never be learnt in any book. I first completed my National Diploma at the Durban University of Technology. This included TYPE OF PERSONALITY THAT WOULD 2 years of theoretical studies followed by 1 year ENJOY THIS KIND OF CAREER? of experimental learning, which I completed at Improchem.  Engineering is one of the most stressful careers that one could go into, and therefore WHAT DOES YOUR JOB ENTAIL? it requires an individual that is positive, strong minded, adaptable, fast thinker and Collecting samples and conducting chemical most importantly a team player. and physical analyses on various raw materials; process ingredients; production sample and PotentiaWHAT CHALLENGES HAVE YOU HAD products. Resolving process and product TO OVERCOME? problems. Safety Management Auditing Tool(SMAT) application. Accurately report work One of the greatest challenges is getting into progress for each project. industry. Studying and getting your degree are just the first few steps in a career into chemical DESCRIBE AN AVERAGE DAY? engineering. After this is when the true challenge begins. An average day at work for me generally begins with a discussion with the departmental WHAT QUALIFICATIONS DO I NEED? team with regards to the day’s duties. This truly depends on where you as an WHAT DO YOU ENJOY MOST? individual want to be in 10 years’ time. I IMhyapvaesasliwonaytrsublyeleanysawn iitnhdpivriodcueaslstehnagt iennejeoryinsga. personally at this stage am happy with my Bachelor of Technology degree in Chemical challenge, hence my choose of career. Engineering. WHAT IS THE LEAST ENJOYABLE PART  DOES THE INDUSTRY (AND YOUR TYPE OF YOUR JOB? OF POSITION) THAT YOU ARE IN, FACE GENDER BIAS? I like to think of myself as the chemical engineering worlds cheerleader. There’s nothing about the field From the exposure that I have had thus far I that I could say I dislike. I am currently a R&D Intern, would say no. Industry has become very open to a which requires little of my engineering abilities. gender equality environment. 3 IMPORTANT QUALITIES THAT YOUR IS CONTINUING EDUCATION AND FURTHER POSITION REQUIRES? STUDIES IMPORTANT IN YOUR TYPE OF CAREER? Hard worker, very practical/“hands-on” and Good technical report writing.  Yet again this depends on the individual and where they want to be. For someone IN ONE SENTENCE, DESCRIBE YOUR that wants to go into research and JOB? development, I would say getting your masters and PHD would be key in your Not where I expected to be but I am learning and getting exposure to new material. success. ■ ACODVNISCIEDEFROIRNGGRTAHDISEC1A1RAENEDR?12 LEARNERS My first piece of advice would be to follow what you are passionate about. Having passion for your job is the most important aspect of life. You need to remember that the key to life is happiness, you will spend most of your life in whatever career you decide to go into To all those students that want to go into engineering, I would say be prepared to work hard, it isn’t the easiest field but it will pay off one day. Remember that things will most probably not go the way you plan or want but it’s all part of life. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

with Professor David Fisher Why DID yOu ChOOSE ThIS WhAT TRAININg DID yOu DESCRIBE AN AVERAgE DAy? CAREER? uNDERgO, AND WhERE? Answering emails; reading and Because I am naturally curious I completed my BSc at UWC, reviewing science papers; working especially about nature and scientific thereafter I did my honours at on publications; analyzing data and issues. (UCT), my MSc at (UCT) and teaching. my PhD at (UWC). Neurobiologist tre | SCIENCE CAREERS SA

Proudly Sponsored by WhAT DO yOu ENjOy MOST? IN 1 SENTENCE, ” Because DESCRIBE yOuR jOB? I am I definitely enjoy the research naturally aspect most. It is more like a vocation than a job: curious I teach and train students in the especially 3 IMPORTANT QUALITIES THAT medical sciences to understand about YOUR POSITION REQUIRES the physiological function of their nature and bodies and explore through ”scientific An enquiring mind, resilience and research how to manipulate the issues. vision. function of the physiological systems. WhAT quAlIfICATIONS DO I NEED? EXpERIENCE VS TRAININg: Minimum a PhD which exposed you to Training predisposes oneself to several techniques, the tools of answering experience, and on the cutting the research questions. edge of research experience trumps training. IS CONTINUING EDUCATION AND FURTHER STUDIES IMPORTANT ADVICE fOR gRADE IN YOUR TYPE OF CAREER? 11 AND 12 lEARNERS CONSIDERINg ThIS Self-study is more pertinent to the CAREER? scientist. To be successful in this career DOES ThE INDuSTRy (AND yOuR you need to be good at science, TypE Of pOSITION) ThAT yOu Maths and Biology, and prepare ARE IN, fACE gENDER BIAS? to be studying for at least 10 to 12 years to obtain a PhD (3-4 years If you a good scientist, whether a male or BSc (60% pass required), 1 year female, you should get a job, however, for Honours, 3-5 years at MSc, senseless demographical political 3-5 years at PhD. requirements prejudices institutional WhAT ChAllENgES hAVE ■choices, prioritizing woman over men. yOu hAD TO OVERCOME? Your biggest challenge is to obtain funding, only 5% of life science applications are funded in South Africa. |SCIENCE CAREERS SA

The Faculty of Natural Sciences at UWC is enjoying an unprecedented period of growth and diversification . It is an exciting time to be a member of the Science family at UDUBS. DATA Science - The Future CONTACT DETAILS: Postgraduate: [email protected] a Undergraduate: Tel: 021 959 2975 [email protected] Tel: 021 959 3426