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Professional Iceberg Mover 4 After the Titanic tragedy in 1912, a group of North American TRAVEL and European nations established the International Ice Patrol (IIP) to prevent any further incidents. The IIP gets A. Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. data collected from satellites, radar and airplanes to find the location of icebergs and safely clear them. Considering the 1 I have called my boss on the phone since the morning. Titanic incident, you may think this organization is hired by 2 I have tried for the last twenty minutes. ship companies in order to prevent their boats crashing into 3 I kept a diary since my childhood. icebergs. However, the real customers are oil companies, who 4 Doctor Jamison teaching here for almost 25 years. want the ice hazards removed from areas surrounding their oil 5 They had a meeting for the past two hours. rig platforms because of the potential danger they pose for the 6 We haven’t been going to Paris before. metal monsters. B. Read the situations and complete the sentences with Human Scarecrow ‘past perfect simple’ or ‘past perfect continuous’. It’s definitely not what you have in mind when you go to 1 I was exhausted when I finally arrived home at midnight. I college, but in 2012, a student who graduated university with __________________ (repair) my brother’s motorbike all day. a degree in music and English got a job as a human scarecrow. 2 When Julie called and told me she would be late, I got furious. I __________________ (wait) her for hours! Jamie Fox, 22, who had just graduated from Bangor University, 3 My parents were sad because they had to sell their house was hired to use a ukulele and accordion to frighten birds in the village. They __________________ (have) it for almost away from a field in Norfolk. It had been proving incredibly twenty years. frustrating for the owner of the fields to keep birds away by 4 How long _________ Henna __________________ (sleep) himself, so he came up with the brilliant human scarecrow on the sofa when the guests arrived? idea. The owner admits that he is jealous of Jamie’s job and says “If only I had time to do that, I could save myself a lot C. Mark the interruption phrases as P for polite or I for of money.” Jamie spends his work hours reading books and impolite. playing instruments while wearing bright orange clothes. 1 Wait a minute! B. Match the words with their definitions. 2 I don’t mean to intrude… 3 What did you say? 1 neat 5 satellite 4 Excuse me (James), may I add to that? 2 wrinkled 6 scarecrow 5 Be quiet! 3 blog 7 rig 6 Pardon me… 4 incident 8 ukulele 7 What are you talking about? 8 Sorry to interrupt, but … a cloth or paper that has a lot of small accidental folds on it Writing b specialized equipment used for drilling wells A. Look at the picture below, read the travel blog, and then c chronologically arranged journal or diary written for public answer the following questions. viewing on a website 1 Where did she go? d someone or something that is tidy, well-formed or well- 2 What did she do? done June 15, 2016 e a small, four-stringed guitar popularized in Hawaii Today I went to the San Antonio River Walk. It’s a great place f an artificial device designed to be placed in orbit around a combining the old city with new shopping and restaurants. You celestial body, generally to transmit information, data, etc. to can walk along the river, but if you want to see the whole thing, Earth you should take a boat trip down the river. It is $8 for adults and $2 for children. Most of the restaurants on the river walk g an object in the shape of a person that farmers put in their serve Mexican food, like tacos and enchiladas. There are also fields to frighten birds away Tex-Mex restaurants, which is the traditional Mexican style food of Texas. There are also many bars. My favorite part of the h an event that may cause or causes an interruption or a crisis River Walk happened while I was sitting at a restaurant. I had gotten really tired while walking all day, so I sat down to try a C. Read the article again and answer the questions below. plate of enchiladas. As I was enjoying my meal and watching the boats pass by on the river, suddenly, a surprise! A mariachi 1 Why do people pay for a special personal organizer of band came to my table and started playing traditional Mexican luggage? songs to me in Spanish! They were dressed in traditional 2 How much does Barbara Reich charged with her customers dress and had traditional guitars. I had been wondering what per hour? traditional music was like, so it was a great experience for 3 When was International Iceberg Patrol founded? me! I recommend visiting the River Walk in the spring or early 4 Which job is in the list of “best jobs in the world”? summer, though. The summer can be hot and humid in Texas! 5 What did Jamie Fox study in Bangor University? 151

5 “Distraction is the only thing that consoles us for miseries, and yet it is itself the greatest of our miseries.” SURVIVE -Blaise Pascal Vocabulary I’ll be the first to admit that I fall victim to the trap of the Internet - a beautiful empowering tool that can fill your day A. Unscramble the adjectives describing illnesses and with distractions, a million little “productive” tasks that diseases. matter little, constant interruptions from messages and status updates. 1 tucea Who doesn’t fall victim to this? 2 tounrbsb We are frittering our lives away. 3 aouotgcnis So how do we beat this? How do we make the best use of 4 epmcdiie the awesomeness of the Internet (which has given me the 5 nihrocc power to do what I love) without succumbing to its powers 6 erlbauc of distraction? This is a question that evidently occupied the 7 trimanle minds of the ancients, from Aristotle to Lao Tzu, without any 8 aivlr good answer. I have good news. There is a way. It’s not always easy, but I’ve B. Use the following adverbs and adverbial phrases in done it, and if I can do it, anyone can. It takes three little habits: sentences. 1. Set a time limit. Pick something important to do, and set a limited time to do it. That might be one hour, or twenty 1 near minutes, or even just ten if you’re having a hard time getting 2 nearly into it. The time limit helps sharpen your focus. Having 3 especially limited time to do something will force you to decide what’s 4 specially important. It also means you’re not doing some unlimited task 5 ever that could take hours, but a very specific one that will be over 6 even in X minutes. Setting a limit is good too for when you decide to 7 late process your email — only 20 minutes to get as many emails 8 lately processed as you can, for example. 9 in the end 2. Close everything. This means everything possible on your 10 at the end computer that isn’t absolutely necessary for the task at hand. If you don’t need the Internet to write something, close it. Having 1 _____________________________________ closed email, all notifications, and reminders, all programs not 2 ______________________________________ needed for your task, now you can concentrate more easily. If 3 ______________________________________ you need your browser open, close all tabs — bookmark them, 4 ______________________________________ or save them to a read-later service like Instapaper. You can 5 ______________________________________ always open these sites when you are done. 6 ______________________________________ 3. Pause before switching. Having closed everything else, 7 ______________________________________ you’ve set a time limit for your task at hand, and you’re getting 8 ______________________________________ started … but then you get the urge to check email or Facebook 9 _____________________________________ or Twitter. You want to see what’s happening on Instagram 10 _____________________________________ or Pinterest or YouTube. Stop. Make yourself pause for 5-10 seconds. This is the essential habit that makes the other two C. Correct these expressions. work. Take a deep breath. Think about whether you want to fritter your life away doing those things all day, every day, or 1 If you scratch my shoulders, I’ll scratch yours. if you want to do something great. Choose great, most of the 2 In a relationship, it’s important to keep each other on your time. These are little habits, and you can do them. Having eyes. reached the end of your time limit, you can give yourself a few 3 I can come up with poems off the top of my thumb. minutes’ break to check your favourite sites, and then close 4 I ran my head over this exercise, and it looks easy to me. them again. But while trying to focus, practice these habits. 5 I have no desire to rub backs with your friends. They’re a small price to pay for life not frittered away by 6 I don’t go out on school nights as a rule of toes. distractions. Reading “Ain’t no tuition for havin’ no ambition.” -Buddha A. Answer the following questions. 1 When you are trying to complete a task, what are some of the little things that distract you? 2 Do you think the internet can sometimes be distracting? In what ways? 152

5 SURVIVE B. Read the text and mark the following sentences as true Writing (T) or false (F). A. Read the sample essay below and answer the following 1 Distractions are easy to deal with. questions. 2 Closing all other programs except the one thing you want to get done helps create focus. Task question: Space exploration is too expensive, and the 3 Setting a time limit is not a good strategy to cope with money should be spent on more important things. To what distraction because it pressures us too much. extent do you agree or disagree? 4 The author is trying to convince the reader that it is possible to follow some strategies to deal with internet distractions and There is an argument that exploring space is a waste of money to get good results. and that there are more urgent needs to be addressed on 5 Social media is generally not a distraction. earth, such as reducing poverty and preventing environmental 6 The author talks about three main strategies to fight destruction. However, I completely disagree with this opinion distractions. for two reasons. C. Match the following words to their definitions or First of all, many of the technologies we take for granted synonyms. today were originated thanks to space research. Take satellite technology, for example, which we depend on for broadcasting 1 console and weather forecasting. Without satellites, we would not be 2 misery able to follow global events as they happen, nor give populations 3 succumb any warning of approaching storms. Space research has also 4 fritter your life away led to the development of new lightweight materials that offer us heat protection and enable food preservation. Therefore, a suffering the challenge of sending human beings into space has often b to alleviate sorrow or suffering driven the development of new technologies that benefit our c to waste your life little by little everyday lives. d to yield to an uncontrollable desire Second, we cannot foresee the distant future, so we ought to Grammar develop the capability to escape from the earth. Gradually, we are learning how humans can survive for long periods in A. Complete the sentences with the positive or negative space and even travel to other planets in the future. If space forms of ‘can’, ‘could’ or ‘be able to’ with the correct exploration is halted, this valuable knowledge will never be tenses. acquired. It is true that environmental destruction is also a serious issue, but it is also true that we remain dependent on 1 _____________ you swim when you were five years old? our environment if we never accept the challenge of exploring other worlds. 2 We _____________ attend the meeting on time yesterday because the bus was delayed for one hour. In conclusion, while we undoubtedly face serious problems on our own planet, it is imperative that we continue to explore 3 He _____________ arrive at the office on time so he was space. This will promote further technological advances as well pleased about that. as provide a possible means of escape should earth become uninhabitable in future. Ideally, all nations should cooperate in 4 He’s very skilled at learning languages, he _____________ the advancement of space research. speak four languages including Russian. 1 What are the main components of the essay? 5 I _____________ drive a car until I was 25 years old, but then __________________________________________________ I moved to a town far away from the city so I had to learn. __________________________________________________ 6 I looked everywhere for my car keys but I _____________ 2 Find out the thesis statement and reasons in the essay. find them anywhere. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________________ 7 I searched for their new house for quite a long time. Luckily I _____________ find it in the end. B. Cover the sample essay above and write an opinion essay about the question below. 8 She is 8 years old but she _____________ read yet. What do you think are the greatest benefits of the computer? 9 I watched the film twice but I _____________ understand it. 153 10 Laura _____________ speak Chinese when he lived in China, but she has forgotten most of it now. C. Put the words in order to make relative clauses. 1 the company / do you know / he works / that / for? ________________________________________ 2 which / its peaches / the delicious marmalade / the town / from /is famous for /is made. ________________________________________ 3 we are standing / the desk / they / which / are going to change /at. ________________________________________ 4 whom / have you seen /to / Bill / is married / the girl? ________________________________________ 5 the rock band / to / I can’t / you love / stand / listening / which. ________________________________________

6 EXPLORATION Vocabulary A. Complete the sentences with the correct form of the geographical features below. isle valley cliff wood moor swamp tide peninsula 1 In the Louisiana _____ in the south of America, Reading there are approximately 2 million alligators. 2 The white _______ of Dover in England are the first A. Read and answer the questions below. geographical feature you’ll see when sailing from Calais, France. 1 Do you believe in curses? 3 When someone cannot understand what is 2 Have you ever been in a cursed place? important in a situation because they are thinking too much about small details, we say they “can’t Charles Island has a long history of about four hundred years. see the trees for the _____”. Being located off the coast of Milford, Connecticut, it’s been 4 The British _______ includes Ireland, Great Britain also known as Milford Island. English people acquired the and 5000 small islands. island in 1639 by overrunning the Wepaowag Natives, who 5 The moon causes Earth’s _____ by pulling on the were the inhabitants of the island. The island was believed to oceans’ water. be cursed by the Wepaowag Chief; therefore, no one was able 6 Britain’s loneliest bus stop is in the barren, isolated to inhabit the island over the years. North Yorkshire ______, where a maximum of seven people a week use it. However, a guy named Charles Deal bought the island in 1657. 7 Death _____ in California, USA, is said to be one of Charles’ purpose was to start a plantation related to tobacco. the hottest places on Earth. Of course, it failed completely. Then, the pirate Captain 8 The Arabian ________ is the largest in the world. It is William Kidd was believed to bury some of his treasure during 3,237,500 square kilometres. his last voyage towards the end of 17th century. Captain Kidd was later arrested in Boston and never returned there to claim B. Match the words below to the pictures of animal body his treasure. parts. Over time, the story of the island continued, and it retained its 1 fangs 2 claws 3 tentacles 4 mane infamy for being cursed. In 1850, the treasure Captain William Kidd had buried was apparently found by some treasure 5 trunk 6 fin 7 jaw 8 beak hunters just as they were leaving the island. What they found when they opened the treasure box was a flaming skeleton. aa ba ca They were believed to have been either executed by the spirits of the island or to have spent the rest of their lives in a mental da ea hospital. f a ga ha Many people tried to settle on the island, but they always had a reason to leave. Today, the island is believed to be haunted C. Check the clues and complete the puzzle with phrasal by the ghosts of the unlucky explorers who visited the island verbs. in previous years. Across 3 raise 6 chop; reduce 7 stay hidden by crouching Down become calm 1 hang 2 set; record in writing; criticise 3 encourage; develop 4 be built; explode into flames 5 gradually return to a normal temperature; 154

6 EXPLORATION Grammar The tomb of China’s first Emperor, Qin Shi Huang, is still full A. Look at the Hotel Information below and write sentences of mystery. The Emperor died on September 10th, 210BC, and in the passive voice. was buried alongside many of his worldly belongings, including gold and jewels. *Breakfast in the hotel’s restaurant 7 – 10 am *24 hours room service The area that the tomb takes up is huge, and is even larger *Daily cleaning service than the Great Pyramid in Egypt. The drainage system of *Newspaper in the reception the surrounding area helps keep the soil dry, and preserve *Telephone in the hotel lobby the Emperor’s belongings. However, archaeologists cannot *Dinner in the main restaurant 8-10 pm attempt any excavations because it is believed that there are *24 hours hot water many active traps awaiting the unwary. Samples taken from *Hotel SPA available to all guests the soil of the site show that there are high levels of mercury in *Different activities until 11 pm every evening the soil – poisonous and deadly to humans. *Free internet *Free hot and soft drinks 24 hours Lethal consequences due to traps, and the risk of mercury *Open and close swimming pool – open every day contamination of the nearby powerful rivers that could flood the site, mean that the tomb of Qin Shi Huang remains a 1 Breakfast / serve – where and when? mystery today. Breakfast is served between 7 am and 10 am in the hotel’s restaurant. B. Match the words with their synonyms. 2 Dinner / serve – where and when? __________________________________________ 1 tomb 3 Newspapers / sell – where? 2 cursed __________________________________________ 3 mercury 4 Telephone calls / can make – where? 4 treasure __________________________________________ 5 excavations 5 Rooms / clean – how often? 6 ghosts __________________________________________ 6 Hot water / supply – when? a being under a curse; damned __________________________________________ b very valuable things especially money or jewels 7 Activities / show – until when? c the process of digging the soil by removing earth covering the __________________________________________ old objects buried in the ground 8 Swimming pools / open – when? d a grave; a place of burial __________________________________________ e spirits of dead people 9 SPA / use – who? f a heavy, metal, and liquid element that is usually used in __________________________________________ batteries and thermometers 10 Free hot and soft drinks / drink – when? __________________________________________ C. Read the text and mark the following sentences as true (T) or false (F). Writting 1 Charles Deal was the first owner of Milford Islands. B. Cover the sample review and write yours according to 2 Captain Kidd bought the island to bury his treasure. the given prompts below. 3 People believe there are ghosts on the island. 4 Captain Kidd couldn’t go back to the island because he was Write a review about a restaurant in which you have eaten. arrested. Complain about the food that was served and the incorrectly 5 There is still a tobacco plantation on the island founded by priced dishes. Charles Deal. 6 There are lots of jewels buried in the tomb of Qin Shi Huang but no gold. 7 The Great Pyramid is larger than the tomb of Huang. 8 The mercury around the place can be detected from the soil samples. 9 One of the reasons for archaeologists not being able to make the excavations is a powerful river. 10 The tomb of Huang is believed to have lots of traps. 155

7 Every justice system, in principle, aims at providing fair and impartial rulings. However, justice does not RULES AND REGULATIONS always happen as it is expected. Indeed, one shouldn’t Vocabulary underestimate the number of people who have to squander their years behind bars for crimes they have A. Find the crimes in the word snake. not committed. Due to obscured evidence, corrupted law enforcement, or misconduct by the prosecution, people glin gfraudmurdershopliftin are often wrongfully imprisoned. lt gabductionassau William Dillon, now 53, is one of the people who suffered muggingarsonsmug from wrongful conviction. Dillon, who used to be a pitcher, was arrested on murderer charges in Florida when he was B. Unscramble the words related to politics. 21. Since he knew the crime and the place where the crime was committed, he was found suspicious. Then, he 1 rmonach 5 ltoneice was taken to the station for further questioning. At the 2 onnmeei 6 ioaolcnit time of the incident, dog scent identification was used to 3 eeartceotl 7 albolt identify the murderer. The authorities hired a guy name 4 voet 8 cpiioslt John Preston, who claimed to be an expert in handling scent-tracking dogs, as a part of the investigation. As a C. Complete the crimes with letters. result of the investigation, Dillon was found guilty. However, it was later found that the technique used in 1 m_gg_ng 5 _bd_cti_n identifying murderers could not be reliably acceptable 2 sh_pl_ft_ng 6 m_rd_r by science. Even more, Preston’s dog failed an accuracy 3 fr_u_ 7 sm_ggl_ng test conducted by a Brevard County judge. In those years, 4 _rs_n 8 _ss_ult it used to be a popular technique and Preston’s results led many innocent people to be sent to jail. That’s why DNA testing being preferred to dog scent identification. Unfortunately, most of the people in the cases where Preston’s testimony had been used didn’t have the chance to prove their innocence, because many years had passed since the evidence was discovered, and it couldn’t be preserved for a long period of time; thus, they couldn’t be used for DNA testing. After spending 27 years in prison, Dillon was released on November 18, 2008. Despite former evidence used to link Dillon with the crime, DNA technology and the Innocence Project helped to exonerate him. Although Dillon had filled out forms to request DNA testing several times, his requests had been denied. Eventually, with the help of some organizations, Dillan’s request was accepted. Although there was not much evidence related to the case, the bloody t-shirt which belonged to the victim had been kept and preserved well. Therefore, the DNA testing revealed that the DNA found in the blood matched the victim, but the other DNA found in the t-shirt didn’t belong to Dillon. Misconduct by the prosecution, Dillon now plays in a band with fellow exonerated convicts. In 2012, He sang “The Star-Spangled Banner” at a Tampa Bay Devil Rays game. Reading B. Match the words with their synonyms. a prosecution A. Answer the following questions. b exonerate c corrupted 1 Have you ever read about murder cases? Do you find them d murderer interesting? e testimony 2 What are some of the techniques used to identify the 1 To have a past of doing unethical things such as bribery. criminals? 2 conducting legal charges accusing someone of a criminal activity. 156 3 A person who kills someone intentionally. 4 Telling what you saw or what you know about an incident. 5 To be declared not guilty of criminal charges.

C. Read the text and mark the following sentences as true 7 (T) or false (F). RULES AND REGULATIONS 1 People can trust in the justice system without ever questioning. C. Write sentences using ‘wish’ according to the short 2 William Dillon is the murderer of John Preston. paragraphs given below. 3 Dillon, who suffered from wrongful conviction, was released in 2008. a Laura wants her flat to be more modern. 4 William Dillon was in prison due to the results of DNA testing. The flat is so old and small. She has to paint it. The house 5 There was blood on the yellow t-shirt that was used as doesn’t have central heating. The kitchen and bathroom are evidence. also very small and old. 6 Preston’s dog was one hundred percent accurate in identifying the criminals. 1 She wishes ________________________________2 She 7 Dillon’s request for DNA testing was accepted immediately. wishes ________________________________3 She wishes 8 The use of dogs for identifying the scent is a compulsory ________________________________4 She wishes _______ process. _________________________ Grammar b Marilyn wants to have a different life in the future. I want my parents to give me more pocket money. I want my A. Change the direct speech sentences into reported speech siblings to stop arguing all the time. I don’t want my mother sentences. to make me eat vegetables and fruit all the time. I don’t want my younger sister to wear my clothes. 1 “He works in a school.” He said ____________________________________ 5 She wishes ________________________________6 She 2 “We went to their house last night.” wishes ________________________________ She told me ________________________________ 7 She wishes ________________________________ 3 “I’m flying to New York!” 8 She wishes ________________________________ She said ____________________________________ 4 “I was waiting for the train when it finally arrived.” c Mike has some regrets about the past. She told me ________________________________ He quit his job. He didn’t listen to his wife. He had to rob a 5 “I have never met them before.” bank. The police caught him and sent him to prison. She said ____________________________________ 6 “I didn’t go to his graduation party.” 9 He wishes _________________________________ She told me ________________________________ 10 He wishes ________________________________ 7 “Linda will join us later.” 11 He wishes ________________________________ She said ____________________________________ 12 He wishes ________________________________ 8 “He hasn’t eaten breakfast.” She told me ________________________________ Writting 9 “I can help you with your luggage.” She asked __________________________________ A. Read the opinion paragraph and underline the topic 10 “You should go to work early tomorrow as you have a sentence, supporting sentences and the concluding meeting.” sentence. She told me ________________________________ I think that predicting the future would make our lives better. If B. Fill in the gaps with the correct form of the verbs in we knew what was going to happen in the future, we would be brackets. prepared for the ups and downs. For example, if a person knew that he was going to lose his job, he would save more money. 1 If I _________ (have) a second chance, I would be a stricter Since we already know what is around the corner we wouldn’t person. have to worry about things. For instance, students wouldn’t 2 They wouldn’t have got sick if you _________ (allow) the have to worry about entering a college, etc. Consequently, children to eat ice-cream. conditions like anxiety and stress would decrease and people 3 If he _________ (drive) so fast, he wouldn’t have had that would be more calmer. People would have the chance to better accident. plan their future. Predicting the future wouldn’t make our lives 4 If I _________ (leave) my job, I could go on a long journey. worse because no harm would come out of it. It wouldn’t be 5 If _________ (invest) in that business, you would have any different than knowing what you’re having for dinner. On become a billionaire by now. the contrary, it would simplify our lives and create a feeling of 6 He might lend you the money you need if you _________ assurance. I believe that being able to predict the future would (be) nicer to Jim. definitely improve people’s lives. B. Write an opinion paragraph about predicting the future, answering the question below. • Do you think that predicting the future would make our lives better or worse? 157

8 years, then she died of tuberculosis in 1847. All his life, Poe struggled with money. He couldn’t afford to go to college LITERATURE and he gambled and drank excessively. Vocabulary Poe’s short story, ‘The Black Cat,’ was published in 1843 in The Saturday Evening Post. It was popular with readers, but A. Find seven literary terms in the wordsearch. Who is the Poe did not attain success immediately. To achieve that, he hidden author? had to wait for that until he published his famous poem, TNRHCOEXKGXFB ‘The Raven.’ Since it was published, elements of ‘The Black XSOODHWPRLAWV Cat’ have been a source of inspiration for films, television WYIIHKOEIBXAI episodes, paintings, plays, comics, and novels. FVJNTPZGLCFBR DUZKOAAEOTJKM For the most wild, yet most homely narrative which I STWTHGRTGAHKL am about to pen, I neither expect nor solicit belief. Mad THPNYCAEEMCMR indeed would I be to expect it, in a case where my very SIMILEFTTMTKJ senses reject their own evidence. Yet, mad am I not--and WWEEMDBLNIBNA very surely do I not dream. But tomorrow I die, and today I UVZKFXBNKALDC would unburden my soul. I would not be telling you all this TSINOGATORPLQ if my plan to die hadn’t been already established in detail JANEAUSTENPBA in my mind. My immediate purpose is to place before the ECFIDBEITQGWI world, plainly, succinctly, and without comment, a series of mere household events. In their consequences, these B. Unscramble the British slang words below. events have terrified--have tortured--have destroyed me. Yet I will not attempt to expound them. To me, they have 1 otinhtgfr presented little but Horror--to many they will seem less 2 evhroo terrible than barroques. Hereafter, perhaps, some intellect 3 utetrn may be found which will reduce my phantasm to the 4 aemt common-place--some intellect more calm, more logical, 5 rnckeekda and far less excitable than my own, which will perceive, 6 ecserh in the circumstances I detail with awe, nothing more than an ordinary succession of very natural causes and effects. C. Mark the following words as A for adjective, V for verb, C Again if I was desperate about the possibility of at least one for concept noun, or P for personal noun. individual perceiving the incidents I am about to narrate in the way I understand them, I would not even have begun 1 believe to narrate this tale in the first place. From my infancy I 2 offend was noted for the docility and humanity of my disposition. 3 belief My tenderness of heart was even so conspicuous as to 4 defend make me the jest of my companions. I would be in a much 5 forgery more different position now, if my emotional dispositions 6 seller were directed otherwise from early years, by myself or by 7 advisor others close to me. I was especially fond of animals, and 8 defender was indulged by my parents with a great variety of pets. With these I spent most of my time, and never was so Reading happy as when feeding and caressing them. This peculiarity of character grew with my growth, and in my manhood, I A. Answer the following questions. derived from it one of my principal sources of pleasure. 1 Do you enjoy the company of animals? If these seeds of affection for animals had not been sown 2 Which animals do you associate with more easily than in the depths of my soul in childhood, I believe I would others? by no means indulge in the company of animals in my 3 Do you think there is a mysterious aspect to animals? adulthood. To those who have cherished an affection for a 4 Do you get that feeling sometimes that animals carry some faithful and sagacious dog, I need hardly be at the trouble sort of a secret message with them? of explaining the nature or the intensity of the gratification thus derivable. There is something in the unselfish and self- ‘The Black Cat’ is a short story by Edgar Allan Poe. He was sacrificing love of a brute, which goes directly to the heart born in 1809, died at the age of 40 in 1849, and was an of him who has had frequent occasion to test the paltry important author in the American Romantic Movement. friendship and gossamer fidelity of mere Man. If any grown- His work has been described as mysterious, macabre, and up enjoys the company as much as I do, it may very well be Gothic. that they initiated some sort of connection with animals in their childhood. Poe wrote short stories and poems and also worked as a literary critic. He was married to his cousin for twelve 158

B. Look at the following mixed type if sentences. Write them 8 down in more simplified grammar structures. LITERATURE 1 I would not be telling you all this if my plan to die hadn’t been already established in detail in my mind. B. Combine the following sentences using “present or past __________________________________________ participle”. 2 Again if I was desperate about the possibility of at least one individual perceiving the incidents I am about to narrate in 1 She was good at physics. Therefore, she became an electrical the way I understand them, I would not even have begun to engineer. narrate this tale in the first place. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________ 2 I was waiting at the station. He came across one of my old 3 I would be in a much more different position now, if my colleagues. emotional dispositions were directed otherwise from early __________________________________________________ years, by myself or by others close to me. 3 She lay in her bed and talked to her friends on the phone for __________________________________________ hours. 4 If these seeds of affection for animals had not been sown __________________________________________________ in the depths of my soul in childhood, I believe I would by no 4 The flowers which were sent are for your grandparents. means indulge in the company of animals in my adulthood. __________________________________________________ __________________________________________ 5 The woman who wore a white top and a jean skirt called 5 If any grown-up enjoys the company as much as I do, it may round for you yesterday. very well be that they initiated some sort of connection with __________________________________________________ animals in their childhood. 6 If you call my cousin, he will help you to find a good surgeon. __________________________________________ __________________________________________________ C. Read the text and mark the following sentences as true (T) C. Read the paraphrasing expressions below and match them or false (F). with their usages. a In a nutshell… 1 The character plans to kill himself tomorrow. b In other words… 2 He absolutely detests animals. c If I’m hearing you correctly… 3 He sometimes finds that animals are actually better friends d So what you mean to say is… than people. e Let me see if I understand you correctly… 4 As a child his friends made fun of his personality 1 used to put the ownership of the paraphrase on yourself 5 He believes he is mad. 2 used to put the ownership of the other person’s words on him/her D. Match the following words with their definitions. 3 used to check for understanding in an informal way 4 used in informal conversation but it can be used formally as 1 unburden well 2 sagacious 5 used before summing up the topic 3 gratification 4 disposition Writting a to relieve one’s mind of a worry, trouble, through revelation A. Choose a short story, or an article from the internet and or confession rewrite it using the paraphrasing technique. Don’t forget to b one’s usual mood. attach the original version of the text you paraphrased. c to give pleasure or satisfaction d wise 159 Grammar A. Correct the mistakes in the sentences below. 1 Tomorrow, we will get his colleague help us move houses. 2 Every day, Roberta tells me eat the same thing for lunch. 3 Yesterday, Bobby and John Ross let Ellen to beat them in the competition. 4 Bad weather caused the company to cancelled many of their services. 5 Mrs. Johnson asked me get her post while she was out of town. 6 Yesterday, Mike’s dad had him to go to the mechanic with him. 7 It costs ten liras buy a big burger menu. 8 To be become a dentist is my dream. 9 It is easy to make him to provide financial help for us. 10 It is irresponsible of you not for inform us about the meeting on Friday morning.

AUDIO SCRIPTS researchers didn’t interact with I am really. the wolves. Unit 1 Interviewer: Wow, I suppose we Interviewer: So how did you get all are in a sense. 1.1 involved? Pronunciation Sam: I suppose we are. I also 1 bag back Sam: I was actually on the had to confront my own demons 2 sag sack research team initially, but we in my mind. Living out in the 3 jack jag just weren’t getting anywhere. wild – I’m living as a wolf, but 4 pig pick After a few months I told the my brain is still human. With all 5 creek Greek others, if we really want to know that time sitting around in the 6 anger anchor something about wolves, we’ve forest, you get to thinking. I had 7 bug buck got to ask the wolves. to face some fears, some things 8 coal goal from my past, things I had done. 9 grass crass Interviewer: And did they think We all have things we’d rather 10 guards cards you were crazy? not think about, and with a busy, modern life, we don’t really 1.2 Sam: Yes, pretty much. But in have to. When you’re out all those three months, I had come alone, you have to think about deVELop deVELopment to really love the wolves, and I these things. So I learned about wanted to learn about them to myself. developMENtal developer help them. So I decided to join the pack. Interviewer: I have one last 1.3 question that I think a lot of Interviewer: And how does one listeners have, so I hope you’re 1. Operate operAtion join a wolf pack? not offended. Are you crazy? operAtional Operator Sam: Well, there isn’t really Sam: I think I am a bit, but I also 2. FOUND foundAtion a manual for this, but I knew think we all are to some extent. I foundAtional FOUNDer about wolf behaviour, so I know not everyone will live with approached the pack as any wolves for a year or even spend 3. inSTRUCT inSTRUCTion other wolf would make the right an entire year alone, but maybe inSTRUCTional inSTRUCTor sounds and exhibited the right after reading my book some behaviour, and they accepted people may be encouraged to 4. exPLORE explorAtion me. I ate what they ate, slept take some time alone, maybe exPLORatory exPLORer where they slept, basically an hour, maybe a day, maybe joined their family. a week, and really think about 5. proDUCE proDUCtion their lives. I really encourage proDUCtive proDUcer Interviewer: And how long did people to do that. this go on? 1.4 Interviewer: Alright, thank you, Sam: I stayed out there full Sam. The book is “The Wolf, Interviewer: Most people time for about a year, but then My Brother” by Sam and Terry are terrified of wild animals decided that I needed to be Hanover. like bears, wolves, and lions. around other humans again. It However, Sam Hanover and was amazing to be away from 2.1 his wife, Terry, have lived with humans for a year, though. wolves in the wild, and actually can cane live in a wolf pack for 5 or 6 Interviewer: You didn’t see any hours every day. They have humans for a year? bath bathe also written a book about their experience called “The Wolf, My Sam: I saw the other researchers hat hate Brother.” Welcome, Sam. from time to time, but I couldn’t go over and talk about sports or cub cube Sam: Thanks, I’m glad to be anything like that. I had to stay here. with my pack. So, essentially, no, bit bite I didn’t interact with humans Interviewer: So, first of all, you for a year. I learned a lot about 2.2 have lived with wolves in the myself, though. I learned from wild. Were these already used the wolves, too. kit fume gun dote to human, on a preserve or in rat mate stun hone a zoo? Or were they really wild Interview: What did you learn? cot late wolves? Sam: I learned about loyalty. 2.3 Sam: They were really wild Wolves will literally die for the wolves. A group of researchers good of their pack. They take The top 5 best-selling products was tracking them, but the care of every wolf in the pack. in Turkey online There is no individualism. They 160 are all working for the good of Internet shopping is a growing the group. I learned how selfish

sector in Turkey. What are the jumper. AUDIO SCRIPTS most popular products being sold online? Let’s take a look. 5 We’re clever, we are. The truth is, I failed a lot and got rejected a lot. I have seven 1 – The best-selling product 2.6 successful companies now, but online currently is women’s when I look back I see 20 or so clothing. With many websites 1st Summary: other companies or ideas that offering great deals on brand failed. So, maybe the first piece name clothing, many women As a salesperson, you do of advice is to not be afraid of have given up shopping in anything to perform a sale. failure. traditional stores and now Even if you don’t believe in the prefer shopping online, where product you are selling, you can Jenny: Really, so you’ve they are more likely to find the tell lies to the customer and also failed a lot. That’s size and colour of the product make your sales. You can always something I hear from a lot of they want to buy. talk too much and impress your businesspeople. customer. Even if a customer 2 – The next product in the doesn’t have the intention Nick: I would say one thing list is books. In many cities in to buy something, a skilful that helped me is something I Turkey bookstores are few and salesperson can persuade the learned quite late. And that is, far between, so customers used customer to buy it. You can talk you have to have people around to have a hard time finding the about the benefits of a product you to encourage you. When books they wanted. Booksellers and ignore all the disadvantages you’re an entrepreneur, you’re have also had trouble selling of it because exaggerating the doing something that hasn’t enough books to stay in business. product will help you sell it. been done before, and there are Buying and selling books online a lot of people, probably people solves the problems of both the 2nd Summary: who love you very much, who customers and the bookshops in are going to say, “No, don’t do Turkey. A very important aspect of the that. Be careful.” They don’t sales process is to believe in want to see you take a risk. 3 – Computer hardware is the product you are selling. You number three on the list. Many must always be ready to answer Jenny: But the risk is part of people in Turkey prefer to buy the questions of the customers. doing business. their computers, laptops, and Then should take a step further accessories online where they and show the benefits of the Nick: Yes, exactly. So, try to can compare prices and features product to the customer. You spend time with people who, more easily and possibly find a should, of course, listen to the well, spend time with the people better price than in traditional customer and offer something who say no, too, obviously, if it’s electronics stores. that will be an answer to their your husband or wife or mother needs. Don’t forget, to be or father, but, you know, also 4 – Closely related to number honest, and not to lie about find people who understand three is the fourth on the list – what you sell. what business is like and will computer software. Computer tell you, “yes, go for it”. If you software is popular for the same 2.7 only hear the negative side, that reasons as computer hardware. will influence your decisions to There are more selection and Jenny: Welcome to Business the point where you won’t get better prices online. Today, where we bring you anywhere and will give up. After the best advice from the best I learned this lesson, I started 5 – The fifth best selling item business people of our day. Today having success after success. online in Turkey is clothing in we’re talking with entrepreneur general. Women’s clothing took Nick Graff, owner of 7 successful Jenny: So, it’s more about the first spot, so it shouldn’t be start-up companies. Welcome, encouragement. a surprise to see other types of Nick. clothing finishing off the list. Nick: Yes, and I also found a Nick: Thanks, Jenny. It’s great to mentor, a person who was 2.4 be here. Thanks for having me. already successful who could help me along and give me air bear spar Jenny: So, first of all, let’s talk specific advice. For example, I about your success. Seven have a real estate business, and I are bar spare successful companies. That’s found a mentor who already had the stuff that entrepreneurs’ a successful real estate business 2.5 dreams are made of. How did and could help me navigate the 1 Is it far? you get here? Have you got any ins and outs of the business. I 2 Look at the stairs! secrets to share? benefitted from what she had 3 Keep away from the bear. already learned and was able to 4 You’ve got a tear in your Nick: Well, Jenny, I have to avoid a lot of mistakes. say, no, I’m sorry to say I don’t have any secrets. I wish I did. Jenny: Thanks, Nick. That’s some great advice for our listeners. 161

AUDIO SCRIPTS 3.2 planets closer to Earth? We haven’t even sent humans to 2.8 whale highlight airhead Mars yet, and we’re talking about sending humans to a far- Saleswoman: Hello, thank you rhino ghastly when hotel off moon? for calling Glee Books. How many I help you? who dough high Carrie: It’s just a possibility. My goodness, you are so negative Mrs. Lee: Yes, I’d like to place an 3.3 about space colonisation. order. 1 tank – thank 2 pat - pat Greg: It just seems to me that Saleswoman: Yes, could I have 3 taught - thought we can’t even sort out our own the product id number of the 4 both - both planet, so why are we looking to books you’d like, please? 5 thick – tick go somewhere new? What laws would govern a space colony? Mrs. Lee: What was that? 3.4 What if a fight broke out? 1 ties - thighs What if someone committed a Saleswoman: The product ID 2 thin - tin crime? There are no police or number. It should be a number 3 path - pat governments next to the title of the book. 4 pit - pith 5 bath - bat Carrie: That’s just it, a new place Mrs. Lee: Oh, I see. The first one brings a new chance to start is 30204. 3.5 things right. It might seem like a science fiction film now, but Saleswoman: I didn’t catch that. Carrie: Good morning Greg. everyday things like television Could you say it again? and the internet seemed like Greg: Good morning, Carrie. science fiction to people in Mrs. Lee: 30204. The title is the past. We should embrace “The Wonder of Butterflies.” Carrie: Hey, did you see this progress, Greg. article on Titan this morning? Saleswoman: Alright, thank Greg: You’re right on that point, you. Is that all? Greg: No, I didn’t. What does it but I’m still sceptical. say? Mrs. Lee: Yes. Do you need my 4.1 address? Carrie: Well, apparently there is 1 thirteen thirty a moon called Titan in the outer 2 fourteen forty Saleswoman: I’ll take your solar system. It is one of Saturn’s 3 fifteen fifty name first, surname then the moons. They say humans could 4 sixteen sixty first name. probably live there with the 5 seventeen seventy right equipment. 6 eighteen eighty Mrs. Lee: Excuse me? 7 nineteen ninety Greg: And why would humans Saleswoman: I need your name. want to live there? It all seems 4.2 a bit like a science fiction film to 1 My car is 13 years old. Mrs. Lee: Alice Lee me. 2 My grandfather was born in 1890. Saleswoman: I understand. And Carrie: Well, for one thing, there your address? is a lot of oil, gas, and coal there. 3 Lyle has got 80 coins in his We’re running out of these collection. Mrs. Lee: It’s 204 S. Bridge Way things on Earth, so we could bring them from Titan to Earth. 4 The car costs 17000 Euros. Saleswoman: I’m sorry, could 5 Jason is 15 years old. you repeat that, please? Greg: That doesn’t seem very realistic. We would have to 4.3 Mrs. Lee: 204 S. Bridge Way transport huge amounts of oil! 1 rice lice And the coal we are burning 2 tar tall Saleswoman: And do you need now is already hurting our own 3 pray play an invoice or a gift receipt with planet. Why would we want 4 call car your purchase? more? 5 lane rain Mrs. Lee: I don’t understand Carrie: Hmm, well that’s true. what invoice means. But we could also explore other planets more easily if we had a Saleswoman: It’s like a receipt base in the outer solar system. for your purchase. Greg: That sounds fine, but why Mrs. Lee: Oh, thank you. Yes, I don’t we start with exploring do need an invoice. Saleswoman: Ok, thank you! Have a nice day! 3.1 hour rhythm 1 honour honest hotel ghost 2 rhyme overheat rhubarb 3 foghorn thought light 162

4.4 A: Oh yes, let’s eat. AUDIO SCRIPTS 1 rate B: I’ll help you as well. 2 lime 5.2 3 lair 4.6 1 unattractive photographer 4 bar 1 2 reliable computer 5 fly A: I don’t think it was right what 3 convincing proposition he did. 4 entertaining carnival 4.5 B: I totally agree. 5 attractive invitation Conversation 1 C: Can I add something here? I A: He was so rude! So then I said can actually see why he did that. 5.3 to him... Some places on Earth are really 2 dangerous and difficult, and yet B: Yeah, so have you seen the A: So what’s the point of all of people somehow find a way to new Star Wars movie? I thought that… live there. One of these places it was brilliant. B: May I interrupt for a minute? is in Russia. It’s called the Cold A: Oh, sure, what is it? Pole. Verhoyansk, Russia stays A: Um, well, no, but I was extremely frozen for 9 months talking about my fight with my 3 out of the year. The 1500 boyfriend. A: Sorry to interrupt. Now, what people who live there are brave were you saying? survivors. B: You should definitely see it. B: To get back to what I was Another difficult place is at the A: Anyway, so then I told him saying, I think they should really base of Mount Merapi. It is a that he should just… consider… volcano that gives off smoke continuously and erupts quite B: The movie is a bit long but 4.7 frequently, yet about 200,000 really good. A: I’d like to buy a new phone people live near this mountain. soon. My old one has started… Haiti is another difficult place to A: You’re not listening to B: Sorry to interrupt, but do you live since it is right in the path of anything I say! You’re rude as think it will rain today? many hurricanes and cyclones. well! A: I’m not sure. Anyway, to get Deforestation on the island back to my story, my old phone means that as soon as the rain Conversation 2 has started to…. starts to fall, mudslides occur, A: I couldn’t believe my ears! So C: Could I jump in here? What making the coastal towns very I said to him… kind of phone do you have now? dangerous places to live. Grand A: Well, I have got an old Nokia Cayman Island is also difficult for B: Excuse me, I’m terribly sorry, phone and it has started… the same reason. but I have to take this call. D: Pardon me, but my phone is Finally, Oklahoma City is a very also old. I bought it in 2010. difficult place to live because A: Oh, yeah, that’s fine. A: Ok, what was I saying? Yes, of the frequency of tornadoes. …. my phone has started to switch Huge tornadoes hit the city and off frequently. surrounding areas every year, B: So, where were we? Oh yes, killing people and destroying you were saying you couldn’t 5.1 buildings. Even with modern believe your ears… carnival technology and warning proposition systems, it’s difficult to predict a A: Yes, so then I told him that… entertaining tornado in time to save people’s C: I don’t mean to intrude, but invitation lives. you two are standing right in photographer front of the door. Would you unattractive 5.4 mind moving over a bit? reliable here hair computer dare deer B: Oh, sure. convincing ear air A: Yes, fine. Now where was I? attractive cheer chair B: I’m not sure if you’ll ever get spare spear to tell your story! 163 Conversation 3 A: Did you see that report we had to do? It was enormous! B: Yes, I couldn’t believe it either! C: Sorry to interrupt, but people are asking about the food. Everyone’s a bit hungry.

AUDIO SCRIPTS and check on them. I know what trees. In fact, they almost never they need, and they seem to come down to the ground. They 5.5 know what I need – peace and live nearly their entire lives in quiet. trees. And they don’t live in 1. fair fear groups like other animals. Males Interviewer: Can anyone visit live alone and females live only 2. steer steer your island? with their own children, maybe one or two young orangutans. 3. cheers chairs Robert: Oh yes, the island is now a nature park. They should Interviewer: So they are quite 4. bear beer have made it a park sooner, special in terms of animal life. but what’s past is past. People They are unique. 5. mare mare can visit on guided boat tours. I don’t run the tours, though. Joan: Well, every animal species 5.6 It’s good for the island to be is quite special, I would say, but a government supported the yes, orangutans are unique. Interviewer: Robert Capshaw park. It means when I die, and lives full-time on his own island, I’m 71, so that may be sooner Interviewer: What do and he lives there alone. On than later, the island and the orangutans eat? one of his rare visits to modern trees will be cared for. society, he has agreed to talk Joan: They mostly prefer fruit, with us today. Welcome, Mr. Interviewer: Well, I certainly but they also eat some flowers, Capshaw. hope you are around for many bark, and insects. They also eat years to come, Mr. Capshaw. honey, and they get their honey Robert: Thank you very much. Your efforts to preserve and care harvested using sticks. Their It’s a pleasure to be here. for nature are an inspiration to favourite fruit is the Durian fruit. us all. If you ask me it smells like old Interviewer: So, you own an socks, but they love it! island, is that right? 6.1 Interviewer: Well, I’d like to Robert: Yes, I bought the island 1 In the early morning try it sometime! Thank you for in the 1970s. Back then no one being here and telling us about wanted to own an island. I was 2 She wants to be a doctor this wonderful animal. successful in my job and had some extra cash, but not much. 3 two or three minutes Joan: My pleasure. If other people had wanted it, I couldn’t have bought it. 4 I score a goal 6.3 Interviewer: So, you bought it as 5 please answer a question It was a day after Christmas, a holiday island? the staff put up decorations 6.2 everywhere at the company. The Robert: Well, I just wanted to go assistant was there to put down there to relax. I went a year later Interviewer: Orangutans are notes. During the meeting, and I never returned to my job! one of the great apes, but they one of the partners built up could go extinct if we don’t work our motivation as he told us Interviewer: So, what made you harder to save them. Let’s learn the new company building was stay and give up your life back about these amazing animals. going up at the corner of Main home? Here to help us is Joan Keller, Street. As I left the meeting, I a zookeeper at the Princetown saw an employee who tries to Robert: It’s hard to explain, but zoo. Hi, Joan. keep down at the back of his the island really spoke to me. table because he wanted to cut Not out loud, but I saw that Joan: Hi, and thanks for having down his working hours a few it had a life of its own, and I me today. They really are hours ago. He was a bit afraid of wanted to be a part of it. I just amazing. They made me love getting fired, but he had some couldn’t go back to a life of them from the first moment I health problems, so I think it will stress and misery after that. saw them. be alright. He was also bringing up a child, so he will need some Interviewer: Are you alone on Interviewer: So where do free time. Even if the boss has a the island? orangutans live in the wild? quick temper, he will cool down in a short period of time. Robert: Yes, most of the time. Joan: Orangutans live on the Other people had lived on the islands of Borneo and Sumatra, 6.4 island before, but they must and that’s it. That is part of why have left years before I bought they are endangered. Their Conversation 1 it. Everything was overgrown, natural habitat is very limited. dying, really. The island needed A: Mom, would you think of me me. I’ve planted thousands of Interviewer: I see. Where do getting a tattoo? new plants on the island. they live there? Interviewer: Do you ever get Joan: Orangutans live in nests in lonely? Robert: No, I honestly don’t feel alone. The trees are my friends, silly as it sounds. I talk to them 164

B: You wouldn’t do that, would 3 She always lies, doesn’t she? AUDIO SCRIPTS you? 4 We’ve stayed too long, haven’t A: Well, I want to…Do you think we? planning to repay them before it would be really awful if I did they noticed. And I did. But then it? 5 I can’t play the piano, can I? I realised that they really never B: Well, I disapprove of you noticed, so I did it again and getting one. 7.3 again. If you take 2 or 3 dollars 1 bed bad from 1000 people, you can have Conversation 2 2 man men 2 or 3 thousand dollars, and A: Honey, are you in favour of 3 lend land most people never notice. I wish me getting a second job? 4 said sad I had just taken out a regular B: I’m all for it! We need some 5 pen pan loan and repaid it to the bank. extra money. I just didn’t want to pay the A: Great. So, what would you 7.4 interest. I wish I hadn’t stolen say if I worked as a night guard? 1 Have you got a pen? that money. B: Work all night? You shouldn’t 2 Can you lend it? do that. We’ll never see you! 3 The bed rooms are on the Interviewer: And how were you Can’t you get a weekend job? second floor. caught? 6.5 4 I have never seen the man Brian: Well, finally someone did A: Hi Carol. I was thinking of before. notice. I knew it would happen staying home today. Do you someday. It took a while, but think I should do it? 5 It is said that the team lost the bank traced it back to me. B: Oh, it’s not very nice. There is yesterday. They asked me about it, and I a lot to do at the office today. lied at first. I caused some other A: I know, but there’s a concert 7.5 people a lot of trouble because I’d really like to see. Do you think Interviewer: We have with us of that. I wish I had just told the it’s alright to stay home just one today Brian Stevens. Brian was truth. day? a successful banker with a huge B: Is it necessary for you to do income three years ago. He lived Interviewer: And how long will that? I mean, it’s just a concert. in a 6-bedroom house with his you be in prison? A: I know, but I really like this family. Now he is a resident at band, and they never come Sheffield Prison, and he’s here Brian: I’ll be here for about 15 here. Do you think it would be to tell his story. Welcome, Brian. years, but I could get out earlier really awful if I did it? Thanks for being here. because now I’m helping the B: Yes, I do. You shouldn’t do FBI. that. Brian: Thanks for having me. A: Alright, I see your point. Interviewer: So, I guess Interviewer: How are you doing everyone would like to know is, that? 7.1 what did you do? 1 You aren’t going to call her, are Brian: Well, I’m helping them you? Brian: Yes, that’s a very common prevent other people from 2 You couldn’t come too, could question for people in prison. committing fraud by sharing my you? What I did is called fraud. I secrets. We’ve already caught 4 3 Jim’s coming, isn’t he? basically stole other people’s other people committing fraud. 4 Harold doesn’t know Judy, money, but I did it in sneaky does he? ways. I was a banker, so I had Interviewer: And how has this 5 Arthur and Sam like access to lots and lots of money. affected your family? mushrooms, don’t they? Interviewer: I’m assuming you Brian: Well, surprisingly, my wife 7.2 didn’t just pick up handfuls of is still with me and supporting 1 It’s just four o’clock now, isn’t cash from the bank. me. My children were angry at it? me at first, but now they visit 2 It isn’t anything special, is it? Brian: No, I knew that was from time to time. Right before wrong. Everyone knows that is I was caught I had a big fight wrong. I started slowly. I had with my son. He had cheated at information that other people school and I yelled at him, while outside the bank that other I was cheating at work. If only people didn’t have. Then my I hadn’t yelled at him. I wish wife got sick, and I needed some I had never done any of this money. I took tiny amounts of because I’ve lost the respect of money from people’s accounts, my family. I’m thankful for their support, though. Interviewer: Thanks for your honesty, Brian. And what should people do if they suspect that they are a victim of fraud? Brian: They should call the 165

AUDIO SCRIPTS 8.4 don’t really like reading classic literature. It always puts me to police directly. Conversation 1 sleep. Interviewer: Thanks, Brian. This Amanda: Hi Alicia! Oh, what are Jason: So choose something has been a real eye-opener. you reading? more modern. What about a fantasy novel, like Harry Potter 7.6 Alicia: Oh, I’m just about done or Twilight? with this book. It’s a fantastic It is common to reach the crime fiction. A real thriller. Kelly: Hmm, that could be a end of one’s life and regret good choice. I did like the films. some aspects of life. The most Amanda: Is it one of those I just find it difficult to read a common regret is that many murder mysteries? Oh, I can’t book after I’ve watched the film. people wish they hadn’t worked stand those. They’re all the I already know what’s going to so hard and had spent more same. happen, you know? time with their loved ones or doing the things they enjoyed. Alicia: They are not all the same! Jason: Why not choose one that Another regret is when people It’s impossible to guess who hasn’t been made into a film? wish that they had chased committed the murder! There’s a new book I saw called their dreams rather than living The Orphan Queen. It’s new, so the life that others expected. Amanda: It’s quite possible to there isn’t a movie yet, and I Many people also regretted not guess, and anyway, crime fiction heard that it’s really gripping. expressing their true feelings. doesn’t hold my attention. A majority of older people also Kelly: Wow, thanks, Jason. I wish that they had spent more Alicia: Fair enough. So, what is think I’ll check it out! time and energy on their close your favourite genre? friendships. Only at the end of 8.5 life do people realise the value Amanda: I prefer non-fiction, 1 of true friends. And finally, many mostly. I like a good book about A: I loved the book, but didn’t people wish that they had been history, and biographies of great like the film at all. happier in their lives. leaders are always a good read. B: In other words, you prefer the 8.1 Alicia: Wow, talk about boring! book over the film. History? Biographies? I think I Rising intonation (shows would fall asleep after the first A: That’s right. page! B: Oh, I see. interest) Falling intonation Amanda: You mean you 2 (shows surprise) wouldn’t want to read about A: I just think non-fiction can be the lives of great leaders like so boring! Really? Gandhi, Martin Luther King Jr., Oh? or Nelson Mandela? B: Let me see if I understand Uh-huh. you correctly. You prefer reading Wow. Alicia: I know I should, but it just fiction? You’re joking. seems a bit dull compared to my No way! crime novels. A: Absolutely. B: I get it. 8.2 Amanda: Well, to each her own, 1 thin - thing I suppose! 2 sin - sing 3 clean - clean Conversation 2 4 sun - sung 5 king - king Jason: Hi Kelly. Have you chosen a book for the homework 8.3 assignment yet? 1. thing 2. sing Kelly: No, I’m afraid I haven’t. I 3. clean just can’t decide. Have you? 4. sun 5. keen Jason: Yes, I think I’ve decided on A Tale of Two Cities. Kelly: Something classic. That’s a good idea. So, do you like classic novels? Jason: Yes, I love them. I’ve read most of Charles Dickens novels anyway, so this will be easy for me. He’s my favourite author. What kind of books do you prefer? Kelly: Well, to be honest, I 166