Hồ Chí Minh toàn tập - Tập 5

["286 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP th\u00ddch cho d\u00a9n hi\u00d3u. Cho n\u00aan nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p l\u00eei cho d\u00a9n, nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00bep \u00ae\u00aa, h\u00e9 \u00ae\u00aa, t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, b\u00d7nh d\u00a9n h\u00e4c v\u00f4, v.v., c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5m theo c\u00b8ch h\u00b9 l\u00d6nh, c\u00b8ch c\u2212\u00ecng b\u00f8c. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 d\u00a9n kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u, d\u00a9n o\u00b8n. Th\u00d7 c\u00e3 g\u00d7 l\u00b9 \u00ae\u00a9u? M\u00e9t th\u00dd d\u00f4 r\u00cat t\u00c7m th\u2212\u00eang, d\u00d4 hi\u00d3u: b\u00b8nh ng\u00e4t l\u00b5 m\u00e9t th\u00f8 ngon l\u00b5nh, nh\u2212ng \u00aeem b\u00b8nh ng\u00e4t b\u00bet ng\u2212\u00eai ta \u00a8n, nh\u00d0t v\u00b5o mi\u00d6ng ng\u2212\u00eai ta, th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng ch\u00b8n! Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i ghi t\u00b9c v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00b8i ch\u00a9n l\u00fd n\u00b5y: d\u00a9n r\u00cat t\u00e8t. L\u00f3c h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n m\u00cay h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, hy sinh m\u00cay h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng s\u00ee. Nh\u2212ng tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 t\u00d7m \u00ae\u00f1 c\u00b8ch gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho h\u00e4 hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 \u00ddch l\u00eei c\u00f1a h\u00e4 m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m. C\u00e3 khi v\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u l\u00cf \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00d7 mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, r\u00e5i d\u00efng c\u00b8ch h\u00b9 m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, c\u00b8ch \u00b8p b\u00f8c, ph\u00b9m v\u00b5o th\u00e3i quan li\u00aau, qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t, \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00e7i Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ho\u00c6c \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i tr\u00f5ng ph\u00b9t. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng b\u00e4n vu v\u00ac, \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00ac, th\u00d7 ph\u00b9t r\u00cat \u00ae\u00b8ng. Nh\u2212ng v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 trung th\u00b5nh m\u00b5 b\u00de ph\u00b9t, th\u00d7 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00f2ng kh\u00e6 t\u00a9m, m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de ph\u00b9t c\u00f2ng kh\u00e6 t\u00a9m! Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng l\u00f3c thi h\u00b5nh c\u00b8c m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ta c\u00e3 c\u00b8i th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 xa qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng nh\u2212 th\u00d5, m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 sai l\u00c7m \u00ae\u00e3. Bao nhi\u00aau c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, v\u00d7 c\u00c7n cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c n\u00b5o kh\u00abng h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng th\u00d7 ta ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 gan \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de l\u00aan c\u00cap tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00e1 \u00aei ho\u00c6c s\u00f6a l\u00b9i. C\u00b8ch n\u00b5o h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng c\u00c7n, th\u00d7 d\u00ef ch\u2212a c\u00e3 s\u00bdn, ta ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de l\u00aan c\u00cap tr\u00aan m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6t ra. N\u00d5u c\u00c7n l\u00b5m th\u00d7 c\u00f8 \u00ae\u00c6t ra, r\u00e5i b\u00b8o c\u00b8o sau, mi\u00d4n l\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c. \u00a7\u00bbng n\u00b5y c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ta ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t kh\u2212 kh\u2212 gi\u00f7 n\u00d5p c\u00f2. C\u00b8i kh\u00abng h\u00eep c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng d\u00b8m s\u00f6a b\u00e1, c\u00b8i c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng d\u00b8m \u00ae\u00c6t m\u00edi. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 th\u00e3i kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch \\\"qu\u00b8 h\u00f7u\\\", g\u00c6p sao hay v\u00cby. Song l\u00b9i c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 xa qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, th\u00e3i kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch \\\"qu\u00b8 t\u00b6\\\" l\u00b5 kh\u00abng suy ngh\u00dc ch\u00ddn ch\u00ben, so s\u00b8nh k\u00fc c\u00b5ng, h\u00abm nay \u00ae\u00c6t ra","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - II. M\u00cay \u00aei\u00d2u kinh nghi\u00d6m 287 c\u00b8i n\u00b5y, h\u00abm sau s\u00f6a l\u00b9i c\u00b8i kh\u00b8c, l\u00b5m cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng hoang mang. Nh\u2212 t\u00d8nh n\u00e4, b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, th\u00d7 b\u00e1 h\u00d5t Vi\u00d6t Minh c\u00b8c huy\u00d6n, c\u00b8c x\u00b7. Th\u00cbt l\u00b5 m\u00e9t h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng kh\u00ea d\u00b9i. 6. S\u00b8t qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, h\u00eep qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng C\u00b8n b\u00e9 ta c\u00e3 hai ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh n\u00f7a l\u00b5: a) B\u00d6nh khai h\u00e9i. Khai h\u00e9i kh\u00abng c\u00e3 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, kh\u00abng s\u00bep s\u00f6a k\u00fc l\u2212\u00ecng, kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. Khai h\u00e9i l\u00a9u, khai h\u00e9i nhi\u00d2u qu\u00b8. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 khu v\u00d2 t\u00d8nh, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00d8nh v\u00d2 huy\u00d6n, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 huy\u00d6n v\u00d2 l\u00b5ng, th\u00d7 kh\u00d6nh kh\u00b9ng nh\u2212 \\\"\u00abng quan\\\". L\u00f3c khai h\u00e9i th\u00d7 tr\u00a8m ng\u00b5n l\u00c7n nh\u2212 m\u00e9t: \\\"T\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn, ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, gi\u00b6i t\u00b8n\\\". \\\"\u00a4ng c\u00b8n\\\" l\u00b5m cho m\u00e9t \\\"tua\\\" hai, ba gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00e5ng h\u00e5. N\u00e3i g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00a9u \u00ae\u00a9u. C\u00dfn c\u00abng vi\u00d6c thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c trong khu, trong t\u00d8nh, trong huy\u00d6n, trong x\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e3, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00d5n. L\u00f3c \\\"\u00abng c\u00b8n\\\" n\u00e3i, ng\u2212\u00eai ng\u00b8p, k\u00ce ng\u00f1 g\u00f4c, m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai mong \u00abng th\u00abi \u00aei, \u00ae\u00d3 v\u00d2 nh\u00b5 cho mau. C\u00e3 ai hi\u00d3u g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00a9u m\u00b5 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn! V\u00d7 v\u00cby, m\u00b5 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng s\u00ee khai h\u00e9i. M\u00e7i l\u00c7n h\u00e4 \u00aei khai h\u00e9i, ch\u00bcng kh\u00b8c g\u00d7 \\\"\u00aei phu\\\". \u00a7\u00e3 c\u00f2ng v\u00d7 b\u00d6nh xa qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, b\u00d6nh h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c, khai h\u00e9i l\u00cay l\u00d6, khai h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00d3 m\u00b5 khai h\u00e9i, ch\u00ed n\u00b5o ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 khai h\u00e9i! V\u00d2 vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00c6t kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u, \u00ae\u00c6t ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh tranh \u00ae\u00cau, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, l\u00b5m b\u00b8o t\u2212\u00eang, vi\u00d5t b\u00b8o, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 th\u00d5. Kh\u00abng ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 h\u00e1i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng c\u00c7n c\u00b8i g\u00d7, mu\u00e8n nghe mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t c\u00b8i g\u00d7, ham chu\u00e9ng c\u00b8i g\u00d7. Ch\u00d8 m\u00cay c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3ng c\u00f6a l\u00b9i m\u00b5 l\u00b5m, ng\u00e5i \u00fa trong ph\u00dfng gi\u00cay m\u00b5 vi\u00d5t, c\u00f8 t\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8i m\u00d7nh l\u00b5m l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng, m\u00d7nh vi\u00d5t l\u00b5 hay. N\u00b5o c\u00e3 bi\u00d5t, c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m ch\u00f1 quan \u00ae\u00e3, k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 l\u00b5 \\\"\u00aeem r\u00a9u \u00abng n\u00e4, ch\u00bep c\u00bbm b\u00b5 kia\\\", kh\u00abng \u00a8n thua, kh\u00abng th\u00cam th\u00dda, kh\u00abng \u00ddch l\u00eei g\u00d7 c\u00b6. M\u00e9t vi\u00d6c n\u00f7a c\u00c7n nh\u00bec \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00b5 c\u00b8c ban hu\u00can luy\u00d6n. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00b5 m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c r\u00cat c\u00c7n. T\u00f4c ng\u00f7 c\u00e3 c\u00a9u: \\\"Kh\u00abng th\u00c7y \u00ae\u00e8 m\u00b5y l\u00b5m n\u00aan\\\", v\u00b5 c\u00a9u: \\\"H\u00e4c \u00a8n, h\u00e4c n\u00e3i, h\u00e4c g\u00e3i, h\u00e4c m\u00eb\\\".","288 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c r\u00cat d\u00d4 d\u00b5ng c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c. Hu\u00e8ng chi c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n, th\u00d7 l\u00b5m sao xu\u00abi? Song nh\u00f7ng t\u00b5i li\u00d6u hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ph\u00b6i nh\u00bbm v\u00b5o s\u00f9 c\u00c7n d\u00efng, c\u00c7n thi\u00d5t c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Ph\u00b6i h\u00e1i: ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00deu hu\u00can luy\u00d6n r\u00e5i, c\u00e3 \u00b8p d\u00f4ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ngay kh\u00abng? C\u00e3 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ngay kh\u00abng? N\u00d5u kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c nh\u2212 th\u00d5, th\u00d7 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n m\u00cay n\u00a8m c\u00f2ng v\u00ab \u00ddch. Ti\u00d5c thay, nhi\u00d2u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00f1a ta ch\u2212a hi\u00d3u c\u00b8i l\u00cf gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn \u00ae\u00e3. V\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00b5 c\u00e3 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00aeem \\\"kinh t\u00d5 h\u00e4c\\\" hu\u00can luy\u00d6n cho ch\u00de em ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 th\u00abn qu\u00aa \u00eb th\u2212\u00eeng du! N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i, c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, n\u00e3i chuy\u00d6n, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u, vi\u00d5t b\u00b8o, v.v. c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta, \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i l\u00cay c\u00a9u n\u00b5y l\u00b5m khu\u00abn ph\u00d0p: \\\"T\u00f5 trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng ra. V\u00d2 s\u00a9u trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng\\\". B\u00cat c\u00f8 vi\u00d6c to vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t r\u00e2 v\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho h\u00eep tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, th\u00e3i quen sinh ho\u00b9t, tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 gi\u00b8c ng\u00e9, kinh nghi\u00d6m tranh \u00ae\u00cau, l\u00dfng ham, \u00fd mu\u00e8n, t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Do \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c. C\u00e3 nh\u2212 th\u00d5, m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 k\u00d0o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng v\u00cby, n\u00d5u c\u00f8 l\u00b5m theo \u00fd mu\u00e8n, theo t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, theo ch\u00f1 quan c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, r\u00e5i \u00aeem c\u00e9t v\u00b5o cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, th\u00d7 kh\u00b8c n\u00b5o \\\"kho\u00d0t ch\u00a9n cho v\u00f5a gi\u00c7y\\\". Ch\u00a9n l\u00b5 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Gi\u00c7y l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a ta. Ai c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00e3ng gi\u00c7y theo ch\u00a9n. Kh\u00abng ai \u00ae\u00e3ng ch\u00a9n theo gi\u00c7y. b) B\u00d6nh n\u00d3 nang. V\u00d7 h\u00e4 h\u00b5ng quen bi\u00d5t, b\u00c7u b\u00b9n, th\u00a9n th\u00ddch, anh em, cho n\u00aan l\u00f3c h\u00e4 c\u00e3 sai l\u00c7m c\u00f2ng c\u00f8 n\u00d3 nang kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i, s\u00ee m\u00cat l\u00dfng.","289 III T\u00a6 C\u00b8CH V\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b9O \u00a7\u00f8C C\u00b8CH M\u00b9NG a- T\u00a6 C\u00b8CH C\u00f1A \u00a7\u00b6NG CH\u00a2N CH\u00ddNH C\u00b8CH M\u00b9NG 1. \u00a7\u00b6ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m quan ph\u00b8t t\u00b5i. N\u00e3 ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, l\u00b5m cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c gi\u00b5u m\u00b9nh, \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o sung s\u2212\u00edng. 2. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, v\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00efng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn \u00aei \u00ae\u00abi v\u00edi nhau. 3. Khi \u00ae\u00c6t ra kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u v\u00b5 ch\u00d8 th\u00de, lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ph\u00b6i d\u00f9a v\u00b5o \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc, \u00eb trong n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 \u00eb \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng. 4. Ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn do n\u00aci qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t nh\u00f7ng kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u v\u00b5 ch\u00d8 th\u00de \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng hay kh\u00abng. 5. Ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn xem x\u00d0t l\u00b9i t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. M\u00e4i c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00f8ng v\u00d2 ph\u00dda qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Ph\u00b6i \u00aeem tinh th\u00c7n y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 c\u00c7n, ki\u00d6m, li\u00aam, ch\u00ddnh m\u00b5 d\u00b9y b\u00b6o c\u00b8n b\u00e9, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. 6. M\u00e7i c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 nguy\u00aan t\u00bec v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng v\u00cby, th\u00d7 ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng kh\u00abng l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng h\u00e4c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng kh\u00abng n\u00a9ng cao \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. 7. M\u00e7i c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng t\u00ddnh c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f1a n\u00e3, l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8ch th\u00f8c thi h\u00b5nh cho ho\u00b9t b\u00b8t. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng v\u00cby th\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t n\u00bem v\u00f7ng c\u00b8c c\u00b8ch th\u00f8c tranh \u00ae\u00cau v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00b8ch th\u00f8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t li\u00aan h\u00eep l\u00eei \u00ddch ng\u00b5y th\u2212\u00eang v\u00b5 l\u00eei \u00ddch l\u00a9u d\u00b5i c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng.","290 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 8. \u00a7\u00b6ng kh\u00abng che gi\u00cau nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng s\u00ee ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i nh\u00cbn khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 t\u00f9 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a, \u00ae\u00d3 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 d\u00b9y b\u00b6o c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. 9. \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i ch\u00e4n l\u00f9a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai r\u00cat trung th\u00b5nh v\u00b5 r\u00cat h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t h\u00e4 th\u00b5nh nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. 10. \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn t\u00c8y b\u00e1 nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 h\u00f1 ho\u00b8 ra ngo\u00b5i. 11. \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt r\u00cat nghi\u00aam t\u00f5 tr\u00aan xu\u00e8ng d\u2212\u00edi. K\u00fb lu\u00cbt n\u00b5y l\u00b5 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b6i nh\u00cat tr\u00dd, h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng ph\u00b6i nh\u00cat tr\u00dd. K\u00fb lu\u00cbt n\u00b5y l\u00b5 do l\u00dfng t\u00f9 gi\u00b8c c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00d2 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng. 12. \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn x\u00d0t l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ch\u00d8 th\u00de c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b7 thi h\u00b5nh th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng v\u00cby th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t v\u00b5 ch\u00d8 th\u00de \u00ae\u00e3 s\u00cf ho\u00b8 ra l\u00eai n\u00e3i su\u00abng m\u00b5 c\u00dfn h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00dfng tin c\u00cby c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng. Mu\u00e8n cho \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00f7ng b\u00d2n M\u2212\u00eai hai \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00ed qu\u00aan \u00aei\u00d2u n\u00b5o. B- PH\u00cbN S\u00f9 C\u00f1A \u00a7\u00b6NG VI\u00a3N V\u00b5 C\u00b8N B\u00e9 1. Tr\u00e4ng l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng h\u00acn h\u00d5t Ngo\u00b5i l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, c\u00f1a T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c, th\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00eei \u00ddch g\u00d7 kh\u00b8c. Cho n\u00aan \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i ra s\u00f8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng cao sinh ho\u00b9t, v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. V\u00d7 to\u00b5n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. L\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a m\u00e7i b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a to\u00b5n th\u00d3. L\u00eei \u00ddch t\u00b9m th\u00eai nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng l\u00eei \u00ddch l\u00a9u d\u00b5i. Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00c6t l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng l\u00aan tr\u00aan h\u00d5t, l\u00aan tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t. V\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng t\u00f8c l\u00b5 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, c\u00f1a T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c. V\u00ab lu\u00cbn l\u00f3c n\u00b5o, v\u00ab lu\u00cbn vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00c6t","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 291 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ra tr\u2212\u00edc, l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n l\u00b9i sau. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nguy\u00aan t\u00bec cao nh\u00cat c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 \\\"t\u00ddnh \u00a7\u00b6ng\\\". N\u00d5u g\u00c6p khi l\u00eei \u00ddch chung c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n v\u00edi l\u00eei \u00ddch ri\u00aang c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t hy sinh l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n cho l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Khi c\u00c7n \u00ae\u00d5n t\u00ddnh m\u00d6nh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i vui l\u00dfng hy sinh cho \u00a7\u00b6ng. M\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, m\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00e2, ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u2212 th\u00d5. V\u00d7 hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u2212 th\u00d5, cho n\u00aan trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng li\u00d6t s\u00dc oanh li\u00d6t hy sinh cho \u00a7\u00b6ng, cho d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c, m\u00b5 ti\u00d5ng th\u00acm \u00ae\u00d3 mu\u00abn \u00ae\u00eai. C\u00b8c li\u00d6t s\u00dc \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00aau g\u2212\u00acng anh d\u00f2ng cho t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ta b\u00bet ch\u2212\u00edc. Nhi\u00d2u khi l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n h\u00eep v\u00edi l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Th\u00dd d\u00f4 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00c8n th\u00cbn gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n s\u00f8c kho\u00ce c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. Ham h\u00e4c t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng cao tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. L\u00b5m \u00ae\u00f3ng c\u00c7n, ki\u00d6m, li\u00aam, ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00d3 cho d\u00a9n tin, d\u00a9n ph\u00f4c, d\u00a9n y\u00aau. Nh\u00f7ng l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e3 r\u00cat ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b8ng. \u00a7\u00b6ng mong cho \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 nh\u2212 th\u00d5. Song ngo\u00b5i ra, nh\u2212 ham mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de, t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch ph\u00b8t t\u00b5i, ra m\u00c6t anh h\u00efng, t\u00f9 cao t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b9i, v.v.. \u00a7\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 tr\u00b8i v\u00edi l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. 2. \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t mu\u00e8n tr\u00eb n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 l\u00b5 kh\u00e3 c\u00b6. \u00a7i\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n do l\u00dfng m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 ra. L\u00dfng m\u00d7nh ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t v\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng, v\u00d7 T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c, v\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o th\u00d7 m\u00d7nh s\u00cf ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e7 ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212. M\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212 th\u00d7 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m s\u00cf c\u00b5ng ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng \u00ddt, m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng t\u00ddnh t\u00e8t nh\u2212 sau, ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng th\u00aam. N\u00e3i t\u00e3m t\u00bet, t\u00ddnh t\u00e8t \u00cay g\u00e5m c\u00e3 n\u00a8m \u00aei\u00d2u: nh\u00a9n, ngh\u00dca, tr\u00dd, d\u00f2ng, li\u00aam. a) NH\u00a2N l\u00b5 th\u00cbt th\u00b5 th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau, h\u00d5t l\u00dfng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai, nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c c\u00e3 h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n \u00a7\u00b6ng, \u00ae\u00d5n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 s\u00bdn l\u00dfng ch\u00deu c\u00f9c kh\u00e6","292 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, h\u2212\u00ebng h\u00b9nh ph\u00f3c sau thi\u00aan h\u00b9. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ham gi\u00b5u sang, kh\u00abng e c\u00f9c kh\u00e6, kh\u00abng s\u00ee oai quy\u00d2n. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00abng ham, kh\u00abng e, kh\u00abng s\u00ee g\u00d7 th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 l\u00b5 vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. b) NGH\u00dcA l\u00b5 ngay th\u00bcng, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 t\u2212 t\u00a9m, kh\u00abng l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c b\u00cby, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 ph\u00b6i gi\u00cau \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ngo\u00b5i l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00eei \u00ddch ri\u00aang ph\u00b6i lo toan. L\u00f3c \u00a7\u00b6ng giao cho vi\u00d6c, th\u00d7 b\u00cat k\u00fa to nh\u00e1, \u00ae\u00d2u ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m c\u00c8n th\u00cbn. Th\u00cay vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i th\u00d7 l\u00b5m, th\u00cay vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i th\u00d7 n\u00e3i. Kh\u00abng s\u00ee ng\u2212\u00eai ta ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh m\u00d7nh, m\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c c\u00f2ng lu\u00abn lu\u00abn \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben. c) TR\u00dd v\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 vi\u00d6c t\u2212 t\u00f3i n\u00e3 l\u00b5m m\u00ef qu\u00b8ng, cho n\u00aan \u00ae\u00c7u \u00e3c trong s\u00b9ch, s\u00b8ng su\u00e8t. D\u00d4 hi\u00d3u l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. D\u00d4 t\u00d7m ph\u2212\u00acng h\u2212\u00edng. Bi\u00d5t xem ng\u2212\u00eai. Bi\u00d5t x\u00d0t vi\u00d6c. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, m\u00b5 bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c c\u00e3 l\u00eei, tr\u00b8nh vi\u00d6c c\u00e3 h\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng, bi\u00d5t v\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00b5 c\u00cat nh\u00bec ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t, \u00ae\u00d2 ph\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai gian. d) D\u00f2NG l\u00b5 d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m, gan g\u00e3c, g\u00c6p vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 gan l\u00b5m. Th\u00cay khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00e3 gan s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. C\u00f9c kh\u00e6 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n, c\u00e3 gan ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00f9ng. C\u00e3 gan ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 vinh hoa, ph\u00f3 qu\u00fd, kh\u00abng ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b8ng. N\u00d5u c\u00c7n, th\u00d7 c\u00e3 gan hy sinh c\u00b6 t\u00ddnh m\u00d6nh cho \u00a7\u00b6ng, cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c, kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea r\u00f4t r\u00cc, nh\u00f3t nh\u00b8t. \u00ae) LI\u00a3M l\u00b5 kh\u00abng tham \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de. Kh\u00abng tham ti\u00d2n t\u00b5i. Kh\u00abng tham sung s\u2212\u00edng. Kh\u00abng ham ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00a9ng b\u00e8c m\u00d7nh. V\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00b5 quang minh ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b9i, kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea h\u00f1 ho\u00b8. Ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t th\u00f8 ham l\u00b5 ham h\u00e4c, ham l\u00b5m, ham ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. \u00a7\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c th\u00f1 c\u00f9u. N\u00e3 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c m\u00edi, \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i, n\u00e3 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 danh v\u00e4ng c\u00f1a c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n, m\u00b5 v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch chung c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, c\u00f1a lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai. C\u00f2ng nh\u2212 s\u00abng th\u00d7 c\u00e3 ngu\u00e5n m\u00edi c\u00e3 n\u2212\u00edc, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ngu\u00e5n th\u00d7 s\u00abng c\u00b9n. C\u00a9y ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 g\u00e8c, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00e8c th\u00d7 c\u00a9y h\u00d0o. Ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c th\u00d7 d\u00ef t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i m\u00cay c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. V\u00d7 mu\u00e8n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng cho d\u00a9n t\u00e9c,","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 293 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng cho lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00abng vi\u00d6c to t\u00b8t, m\u00b5 t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 c\u00a8n b\u00b6n, t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00f1 ho\u00b8, x\u00cau xa th\u00d7 c\u00dfn l\u00b5m n\u00e6i vi\u00d6c g\u00d7? 3. Ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt L\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, g\u00e5m c\u00e3 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. L\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, g\u00e5m c\u00e3 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n v\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t t\u00f8c l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t t\u00f8c l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00d8 khi \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng v\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng v\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei. Ch\u00ddnh v\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i hy sinh l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh cho l\u00eei \u00ddch chung c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Kh\u00abng ai b\u00bet bu\u00e9c ai v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng l\u00b5m chi\u00d5n s\u00dc xung phong. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 do s\u00f9 \\\"t\u00f9 gi\u00b8c\\\", l\u00dfng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b5 t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, l\u00b5m chi\u00d5n s\u00dc xung phong. \u00a7\u00b7 v\u00cby, th\u00d7 m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ph\u00b6i c\u00e8 g\u00beng cho x\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00b8ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai trong nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Nh\u00cat l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh t\u00f4, c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m cho x\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00b8ng l\u00dfng tin c\u00cby c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. C\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng cho t\u00cat c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, t\u00cat c\u00b6 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng noi theo. C\u00f2ng v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, m\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i khuy\u00d5n kh\u00ddch v\u00b5 khen th\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00f7ng \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh, gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c v\u00b5 tu\u00fa theo ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh m\u00b5 gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 v\u00d2 m\u00c6t sinh ho\u00b9t, trong l\u00f3c \u00e8m \u00aeau. Khi\u00d5n cho h\u00e4 ham l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, vui l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i: M\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9, m\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ph\u00b6i ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n ph\u00f4c t\u00efng l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan c\u00e3 m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan v\u00d7 c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n m\u00b5 y\u00aau c\u00c7u \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00b8i n\u00b5y c\u00b8i kh\u00b8c, ho\u00c6c tr\u00b8ch m\u00e3c \u00a7\u00b6ng kh\u00abng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec m\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng khen th\u2212\u00ebng m\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, b\u00cat k\u00fa \u00eb ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh n\u00b5o, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ra s\u00f8c ph\u00can \u00ae\u00cau, ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, c\u00e8 g\u00beng h\u00e4c t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng cao tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, tr\u00dd th\u00f8c v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Lu\u00abn","294 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP lu\u00abn gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n k\u00fb lu\u00cbt. Lu\u00abn lu\u00abn x\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00b8ng m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9, m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. 4. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8c h\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan \u00a7\u00b6ng ta l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng v\u00d7 d\u00a9n, v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc. Song \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 r\u00cat \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. Ph\u00c7n \u00ae\u00abng c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t v\u00d7 d\u00a9n, v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc m\u00b5 v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng. Nh\u2212ng c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 ph\u00c7n v\u00d7 l\u00cf kh\u00b8c m\u00b5 theo v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00ebng v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 d\u00d4 t\u00d7m c\u00abng \u00a8n vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng mong l\u00b5m ch\u00f8c n\u00b5y, t\u2212\u00edc n\u00e4. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00d7 anh em b\u00b9n h\u00f7u k\u00d0o v\u00b5o, v.v.. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng: c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gian nan c\u00f9c kh\u00e6, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 l\u00dfng ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t, c\u00e3 ch\u00dd hy sinh. V\u00d7 v\u00cby khi g\u00c6p s\u00f9 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n, h\u00e4 kh\u00abng kh\u00e1i dao \u00ae\u00e9ng, hoang mang. D\u00ef sao, h\u00e4 tin \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, h\u00e4 k\u00ddnh tr\u00e4ng \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, h\u00e4 t\u00d7m v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u t\u00e8t. Tr\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng b\u00e4n v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00d3 mong ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i, c\u00dfn nh\u00f7ng h\u00b9ng kia ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00d2u hoan ngh\u00aanh. M\u00e9t khi h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 theo \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i c\u00b6m ho\u00b8 h\u00e4, d\u00b9y d\u00e7 h\u00e4, n\u00a9ng cao s\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t v\u00b5 l\u00dfng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch c\u00f1a h\u00e4 l\u00aan d\u00c7n d\u00c7n. Trong s\u00f9 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n v\u00b5 tranh \u00ae\u00cau l\u00a9u d\u00b5i, h\u00e4 r\u00cat c\u00e3 th\u00d3 th\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai chi\u00d5n s\u00dc kh\u00b8. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ch\u00deu n\u00e6i kh\u00e3 nh\u00e4c, kh\u00abng ch\u00deu n\u00e6i k\u00fb lu\u00cbt nghi\u00aam kh\u00bec m\u00b5 xin ra kh\u00e1i \u00a7\u00b6ng, th\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00c9n b\u00bbng l\u00dfng \u00ae\u00d3 h\u00e4 ra. \u00a7\u00b6ng ch\u00d8 y\u00aau c\u00c7u m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u l\u00b5: h\u00e4 th\u00d2 kh\u00abng l\u00e9 b\u00dd m\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6n \u00a7\u00b6ng, kh\u00abng ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b6ng. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00c9n gi\u00f7 c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh th\u00a9n thi\u00d6n v\u00edi h\u00e4. \u00a7\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai. Ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh t\u00e8t v\u00b5 t\u00ddnh x\u00cau. Song \u00ae\u00b7 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n v\u00b5o m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00d7 d\u00a9n, v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i c\u00e8 g\u00beng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n nh\u00f7ng t\u00ddnh t\u00e8t v\u00b5 s\u00f6a b\u00e1 nh\u00f7ng t\u00ddnh x\u00cau. V\u00d7 t\u00ddnh x\u00cau c\u00f1a m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai th\u2212\u00eang ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 h\u00b9i cho ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3; c\u00dfn t\u00ddnh x\u00cau c\u00f1a m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, m\u00e9t c\u00b8n b\u00e9, s\u00cf c\u00e3 h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00e3 h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 295 5. Nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m sai l\u00c7m Trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta c\u00dfn c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u2212a h\u00e4c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, ch\u2212a l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e8n ch\u00f7 \\\"ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212\\\", cho n\u00aan m\u00bec ph\u00b6i ch\u00f8ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n. Ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n l\u00b5 nh\u2212 m\u00e9t th\u00f8 vi tr\u00efng r\u00cat \u00ae\u00e9c, do n\u00e3 m\u00b5 sinh ra c\u00b8c th\u00f8 b\u00d6nh r\u00cat nguy hi\u00d3m, th\u00dd d\u00f4 nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh sau \u00ae\u00a9y: a) B\u00d6nh tham lam - Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00bec ph\u00b6i b\u00d6nh n\u00b5y th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00c6t l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh l\u00aan tr\u00aan l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, do \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 \\\"t\u00f9 t\u2212 t\u00f9 l\u00eei\\\". D\u00efng c\u00f1a c\u00abng l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c t\u2212. D\u00f9a v\u00b5o th\u00d5 l\u00f9c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00d3 theo \u00aeu\u00e6i m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ri\u00aang c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Sinh ho\u00b9t xa hoa, ti\u00aau x\u00b5i b\u00f5a b\u00b7i. Ti\u00d2n b\u00b9c \u00ae\u00e3 \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9u ra? Kh\u00abng xoay c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 xoay c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd l\u00b5m ch\u00ee \u00aeen bu\u00abn l\u00cbu. Kh\u00abng s\u00ee m\u00cat thanh danh c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, kh\u00abng s\u00ee m\u00cat danh gi\u00b8 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. b) B\u00d6nh l\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng - T\u00f9 cho m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng gi\u00e1i, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5t. L\u00b5m bi\u00d5ng h\u00e4c h\u00e1i, l\u00b5m bi\u00d5ng suy ngh\u00dc. Vi\u00d6c d\u00d4 th\u00d7 tranh l\u00cay cho m\u00d7nh. Vi\u00d6c kh\u00e3 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00efn cho ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c. G\u00c6p vi\u00d6c nguy hi\u00d3m th\u00d7 t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00e8n tr\u00b8nh. c) B\u00d6nh ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o - T\u00f9 cao, t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b9i, ham \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de, hay l\u00aan m\u00c6t. \u00a6a ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00a9ng b\u00e8c m\u00d7nh, khen ng\u00eei m\u00d7nh. \u00a6a sai khi\u00d5n ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c. H\u00d4 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 h\u00aci th\u00b5nh c\u00abng th\u00d7 khoe khoang v\u00aanh v\u00b8o, cho ai c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng b\u00bbng m\u00d7nh. Kh\u00abng th\u00ccm h\u00e4c h\u00e1i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n cho ng\u2212\u00eai ta ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m th\u00c7y ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c. d) B\u00d6nh hi\u00d5u danh - T\u00f9 cho m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 anh h\u00efng, l\u00b5 v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i. C\u00e3 khi v\u00d7 c\u00b8i tham v\u00e4ng \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8ng l\u00b5m c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m. \u00a7\u00d5n khi b\u00de c\u00abng k\u00ddch, b\u00de ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh th\u00d7 tinh th\u00c7n lung lay. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t l\u00aan m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t xu\u00e8ng. Ch\u00d8 ch\u00deu \u00ae\u2212\u00eec s\u2212\u00edng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ch\u00deu \u00ae\u2212\u00eec kh\u00e6. Ch\u00d8 ham l\u00b5m ch\u00f1 t\u00dech n\u00b5y, u\u00fb vi\u00aan n\u00e4, ch\u00ed kh\u00abng ham c\u00abng t\u00b8c thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. \u00ae) Thi\u00d5u k\u00fb lu\u00cbt - \u00a7\u00b7 m\u00bec b\u00d6nh c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n th\u00d7 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng v\u00b5 h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00c6t c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n l\u00aan tr\u00aan. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng l\u00cay \u00a7\u00b6ng l\u00b5m n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng. M\u00d7nh mu\u00e8n th\u00d5 n\u00b5o th\u00d7 l\u00b5m th\u00d5 \u00cay.","296 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Qu\u00aan c\u00b6 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh th\u00d7 c\u00e8t c\u00abng k\u00ddch nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh kh\u00abng \u2212a. C\u00cat nh\u00bec th\u00d7 c\u00e8t l\u00b5m \u00acn v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00d7nh quen thu\u00e9c. e) \u00e3c h\u00d1p h\u00dfi - \u00eb trong \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t c\u00cat nh\u00bec nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t, s\u00ee ng\u2212\u00eai ta h\u00acn m\u00d7nh. \u00eb ngo\u00b5i \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 khinh ng\u2212\u00eai, cho ai c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, kh\u00abng kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o b\u00bbng m\u00d7nh. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t li\u00aan l\u00b9c h\u00eep t\u00b8c v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng \u00eb ngo\u00b5i \u00a7\u00b6ng. V\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ta u\u00cat \u00f8c v\u00b5 m\u00d7nh th\u00b5nh ra c\u00ab \u00ae\u00e9c. g) \u00e3c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng - B\u00d6nh n\u00b5y tuy kh\u00abng x\u00cau b\u00bbng c\u00b8c b\u00d6nh kia nh\u2212ng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00f2ng r\u00cat tai h\u00b9i. Mi\u00d4n l\u00b5 c\u00ac quan m\u00d7nh, b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn m\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c. C\u00dfn c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan, b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn, \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng kh\u00b8c ra sao c\u00f2ng m\u00c6c k\u00d6. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 c\u00cbn th\u00de, kh\u00abng xem x\u00d0t to\u00b5n th\u00d3. Kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng l\u00eei \u00ddch nh\u00e1 ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng \u00ddch l\u00eei to, \u00ddch l\u00eei b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng \u00ddch l\u00eei to\u00b5n th\u00d3. h) \u00e3c l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 - \u00a7\u00b8nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5i tr\u00cbn, ho\u00c6c l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5i vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 \u00eb \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00b7 cho m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i l\u00bem r\u00e5i, anh h\u00efng l\u00bem r\u00e5i, \u00ae\u00b8ng l\u00b5m l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 r\u00e5i. N\u00b5o c\u00e3 bi\u00d5t so v\u00edi c\u00abng cu\u00e9c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng c\u00b6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng \u00ae\u00e3 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t c\u00e1n con, \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cam v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00a9u! M\u00b5 so v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p to t\u00b8t trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, c\u00b5ng kh\u00abng th\u00cam v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00a9u. C\u00e8 nhi\u00aan, \u00a7\u00b6ng ta mong cho c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u anh h\u00efng, nhi\u00d2u l\u00b7nh t\u00f4, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec d\u00a9n tin, d\u00a9n ph\u00f4c, d\u00a9n y\u00aau. Nh\u00f7ng anh h\u00efng v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 c\u00f1a qu\u00fd c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Song, nh\u00f7ng anh h\u00efng v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d2u do tranh \u00ae\u00cau v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m r\u00ccn luy\u00d6n ra, \u00ae\u00d2u do d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan tin c\u00cby m\u00b5 c\u00f6 ra, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m l\u00b7nh t\u00f4, l\u00b5m anh h\u00efng m\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. T\u00f5 x\u2212a \u00ae\u00d5n nay, qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea tin c\u00cby v\u00b5 y\u00aau m\u00d5n nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce t\u00f9 cao, t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b9i, nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce c\u00e3 \u00e3c l\u00b7nh t\u00f4, t\u00f9 x\u2212ng ta \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5 anh h\u00efng, l\u00b7nh t\u00f4. \u00a7em so v\u00edi c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a c\u00b6 lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i anh h\u00efng x\u2212a nay c\u00f2ng ch\u00bcng qua l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn m\u00e9t b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn m\u00b5 th\u00abi. M\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00e8 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng vi\u00d6c","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 297 \u00a7\u00b6ng giao ph\u00e3 cho, th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ta l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4, v\u00b5 l\u00dfng t\u00f9 h\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 gi\u00f3p cho ta ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 m\u00b7i. 6. Nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh kh\u00b8c a) B\u00d6nh \\\"h\u00f7u danh, v\u00ab th\u00f9c\\\" - L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, kh\u00abng t\u00f5 ch\u00e7 g\u00e8c, ch\u00e7 ch\u00ddnh, kh\u00abng t\u00f5 d\u2212\u00edi l\u00b5m l\u00aan. L\u00b5m cho c\u00e3 chuy\u00d6n, l\u00b5m l\u00cay r\u00e5i. L\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ddt su\u00fdt ra nhi\u00d2u, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m m\u00e9t b\u00b6n b\u00b8o c\u00b8o cho oai, nh\u2212ng x\u00d0t k\u00fc l\u00b9i th\u00d7 r\u00e7ng tu\u00d5ch. Th\u00dd d\u00f4 vi\u00d6c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c - Trong b\u00b8o c\u00b8o th\u00d7 l\u00b5ng n\u00b5o, huy\u00d6n n\u00b5o, t\u00d8nh n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng c\u00e3. H\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng c\u00e3. C\u00e3 h\u00b5ng v\u00b9n h\u00b5ng \u00f8c ng\u2212\u00eai. Nh\u2212ng khi so\u00b9n l\u00b9i c\u00c6n k\u00cf, h\u00e1i l\u00b9i r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 bao nhi\u00aau ng\u2212\u00eai, nh\u00f7ng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00cay l\u00c7n, \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m g\u00d7 cho nh\u00f7ng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e3, th\u00d7 ch\u2212a c\u00e3 g\u00d7 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c h\u00d5t. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 d\u00e8i tr\u00b8 v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00e3 t\u00e9i v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, b\u00b8o c\u00b8o kh\u00abng th\u00cbt th\u00b5, c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t b\u00d6nh r\u00cat nguy hi\u00d3m. b) K\u00d0o b\u00cc k\u00d0o c\u00b8nh l\u00b9i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t b\u00d6nh r\u00cat nguy hi\u00d3m n\u00f7a. T\u00f5 b\u00cc ph\u00b8i m\u00b5 \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n chia r\u00cf. Ai h\u00eep v\u00edi m\u00d7nh th\u00d7 d\u00ef ng\u2212\u00eai x\u00cau c\u00f2ng cho l\u00b5 t\u00e8t, vi\u00d6c d\u00eb c\u00f2ng cho l\u00b5 hay, r\u00e5i che \u00ae\u00cby cho nhau, \u00f1ng h\u00e9 l\u00c9n nhau. Ai kh\u00abng h\u00eep v\u00edi m\u00d7nh th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t c\u00f2ng cho l\u00b5 x\u00cau, vi\u00d6c hay c\u00f2ng cho l\u00b5 d\u00eb, r\u00e5i t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch d\u00ccm pha, n\u00e3i x\u00cau, t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch d\u00d7m ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3 xu\u00e8ng. B\u00d6nh n\u00b5y r\u00cat tai h\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng. N\u00e3 l\u00b5m h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat. N\u00e3 l\u00b5m \u00a7\u00b6ng b\u00edt m\u00cat nh\u00a9n t\u00b5i v\u00b5 kh\u00abng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. N\u00e3 l\u00b5m m\u00cat s\u00f9 th\u00a9n \u00b8i, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t gi\u00f7a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd. N\u00e3 g\u00a9y ra nh\u00f7ng m\u00e8i nghi ng\u00ea. c) B\u00d6nh c\u00cbn th\u00de - Kh\u00abng tr\u00abng xa th\u00cay r\u00e9ng. Nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 to t\u00b8t th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ngh\u00dc \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 ch\u00a8m ch\u00f3 nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c t\u00d8 m\u00d8. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: vi\u00d6c t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, vi\u00d6c ti\u00d5p t\u00d5 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i th\u00d7 kh\u00abng lo \u00ae\u00d5n, m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 lo th\u00d5 n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00eei d\u00f4ng c\u00acm ch\u00b8y v\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc g\u00b9o trong c\u00b8c b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i.","298 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 v\u00cby, ch\u00d8 tr\u00abng th\u00cay s\u00f9 l\u00eei h\u00b9i nh\u00e1 nhen m\u00b5 kh\u00abng th\u00cay s\u00f9 l\u00eei h\u00b9i to l\u00edn. d) B\u00d6nh \\\"c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n\\\" 1. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 kh\u00abng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00e3i sau l\u2212ng. Khi khai h\u00e9i th\u00d7 kh\u00abng n\u00e3i, l\u00f3c khai h\u00e9i xong r\u00e5i m\u00edi n\u00e3i. Kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de g\u00d7 v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng. Kh\u00abng theo nguy\u00aan t\u00bec sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Mu\u00e8n sao l\u00b5m v\u00cby. 2. Mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m xong vi\u00d6c, ai c\u00e3 \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ch\u00deu h\u00e4c theo, ai c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng d\u00b8m ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. 3. Kh\u00abng ph\u00f4c t\u00efng m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, kh\u00abng tu\u00a9n theo k\u00fb lu\u00cbt. C\u00f8 l\u00b5m theo \u00fd m\u00d7nh. 4. Khi ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ai, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 c\u00abng k\u00ddch c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n, c\u00b7i b\u2212\u00edng, tr\u00b6 th\u00ef, ti\u00d3u kh\u00dd. 5. Nghe nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai b\u00d7nh lu\u00cbn kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m thinh, kh\u00abng bi\u00d6n b\u00b8c. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd nghe nh\u00f7ng l\u00eai ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng b\u00b8o c\u00b8o cho c\u00cap tr\u00aan bi\u00d5t. Ai n\u00e3i sao, ai l\u00b5m g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng m\u00c6c k\u00d6. 6. G\u00c6p d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng th\u00d7 kh\u00abng \u00aei\u00d2u tra, kh\u00abng h\u00e1i han, kh\u00abng tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, kh\u00abng gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. Xem nh\u2212 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quan h\u00d6 g\u00d7 v\u00edi m\u00d7nh. 7. Th\u00cay nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c c\u00e3 h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng c\u00f2ng m\u00c6c k\u00d6, kh\u00abng khuy\u00aan r\u00a8n, kh\u00abng ng\u00a8n c\u00b6n, kh\u00abng gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. 8. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng c\u00e3 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, g\u00c6p sao l\u00b5m v\u00cby, l\u00b5m l\u00cay l\u00d6, l\u00b5m kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ng\u00a8n n\u00bep, l\u00b5m kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n. 9. T\u00f9 cho m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 \\\"c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng gi\u00b5\\\", \\\"c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00f2\\\"; vi\u00d6c to l\u00b5m kh\u00abng n\u00e6i, vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1 kh\u00abng ch\u00deu l\u00b5m. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c th\u00d7 l\u00ea m\u00ea, h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh th\u00d7 bi\u00d5ng nh\u00b8c. 10. Bi\u00d5t m\u00d7nh c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng ch\u00deu c\u00e8 g\u00beng s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i. Nh\u00f7ng t\u00cbt b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3 khi\u00d5n cho \u00a7\u00b6ng x\u00d6ch xo\u00b9c, \u00fd ki\u00d5n lung tung, k\u00fb lu\u00cbt l\u00e1ng l\u00ceo, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c b\u00aa tr\u00d4. Ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch kh\u00abng thi h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tri\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d3, \u00a7\u00b6ng xa r\u00eai d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 299 M\u00bec ph\u00b6i b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 d\u00d4 \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e7 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n l\u00aan tr\u00aan, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00eei \u00ddch \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c xu\u00e8ng d\u2212\u00edi. M\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng bao gi\u00ea c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i trung th\u00b5nh, h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, xem l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c qu\u00fd h\u00acn t\u00ddnh m\u00d6nh c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Bao gi\u00ea c\u00f2ng quang minh ch\u00ddnh tr\u00f9c, ham c\u00b8ch sinh ho\u00b9t t\u00cbp th\u00d3, lu\u00abn lu\u00abn s\u00a8n s\u00e3c d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i \\\"b\u00d6nh c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n\\\". \u00ae) B\u00d6nh l\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng - Khi ti\u00d5p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh ho\u00c6c ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t, kh\u00abng ch\u00deu nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng. Kh\u00abng l\u00cbp t\u00f8c \u00ae\u2212a ngay m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3 cho c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, cho \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, cho binh s\u00dc. C\u00f8 x\u00d5p l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e3. Khi thi h\u00b5nh, k\u00d2nh k\u00d2nh c\u00b5ng c\u00b5ng, kh\u00abng ho\u00b9t b\u00b8t nhanh ch\u00e3ng. Ho\u00c6c thi h\u00b5nh m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch mi\u00d4n c\u2212\u00ecng, kh\u00abng s\u00e8t s\u00beng, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 nh\u00e1 l\u00b5: ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00c7y t\u00f3i \u00b8o, th\u00abng c\u00b8o \u00ae\u00c7y t\u00f3i qu\u00c7n. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 n\u00c6ng l\u00b5: ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, gi\u00b6m b\u00edt k\u00fb lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, b\u00e1 m\u00cat th\u00eai c\u00ac t\u00e8t, l\u00f3c n\u00aan l\u00b5m th\u00d7 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m, khi l\u00b5m th\u00d7 tr\u00d4 r\u00e5i. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 t\u00ddnh l\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng, ch\u00cbm ch\u00b9p. V\u00d7 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 th\u00a9n th\u00d3 m\u00e9t con ng\u2212\u00eai. M\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 m\u00b9ch m\u00b8u. M\u00b9ch m\u00b8u ch\u00b9y \u00ae\u00d2u kh\u00bep th\u00a9n th\u00d3 th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b9nh kho\u00ce. M\u00b9ch m\u00b8u d\u00f5ng l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00a9u, kh\u00abng ch\u00b9y th\u00d7 ch\u00e7 \u00ae\u00e3 s\u00cf t\u00aa li\u00d6t, sinh b\u00d6nh. M\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \u00aei mau, \u00aei su\u00e8t t\u00f5 tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00d5n d\u2212\u00edi, c\u00abng t\u00b8c mau ch\u00e3ng, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng xong xu\u00abi. N\u00e3 ng\u00f5ng l\u00b9i c\u00cap n\u00b5o, t\u00f5 c\u00cap \u00ae\u00e3 tr\u00eb xu\u00e8ng l\u00b5 t\u00aa li\u00d6t, kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eang n\u00b5o m\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c. C\u00b8ch ch\u00f7a: - C\u00b8c c\u00ac quan ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. M\u00e7i vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i ch\u00d8 b\u00b6o c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m. - C\u00cap tr\u00aan ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi v\u00b5 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. - Khi ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, ph\u00b6i c\u00c8n th\u00cbn, r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng. Khi \u00ae\u00b7 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t thi h\u00b5nh.","300 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP M\u00e7i ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t ph\u00b6i mau ch\u00e3ng truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00b8c c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, \u00ae\u00d5n \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, \u00ae\u00d5n d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. C\u00b8ch ti\u00d6n nh\u00cat l\u00b5 khai h\u00e9i v\u00edi c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, khai h\u00e9i v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng (ho\u00c6c binh s\u00dc), ph\u00b8i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d5n b\u00b8o c\u00b8o, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. - C\u00b8c c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng (ho\u00c6c binh s\u00dc) ph\u00b6i th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00e3 cho r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, hi\u00d3u th\u00cau \u00fd ngh\u00dca c\u00f1a n\u00e3 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh c\u00b8ch thi h\u00b5nh cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. - C\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i b\u00b8o c\u00b8o. C\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t. e) B\u00d6nh t\u00de n\u00b9nh - C\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n \\\"b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng\\\". Th\u00dd d\u00f4: c\u00cap tr\u00aan v\u00d7 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ph\u00b6i c\u2212\u00eci ng\u00f9a, \u00aei xe. C\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n c\u2212\u00eci ng\u00f9a, \u00aei xe. Ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d2u vi\u00d6c, c\u00c7n c\u00e3 nh\u00b5 r\u00e9ng. Ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d2u vi\u00d6c, c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00dfi nh\u00b5 r\u00e9ng. Ph\u00f4 c\u00cap cho th\u2212\u00acng binh c\u00f2ng mu\u00e8n nh\u00cat lu\u00cbt, kh\u00abng k\u00d3 th\u2212\u00acng n\u00c6ng hay nh\u00d1. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, th\u00d7 mu\u00e8n gi\u00b5, tr\u00ce, m\u00b9nh, y\u00d5u \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5m b\u00bbng nhau. C\u00e3 vi\u00d6c, m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, nh\u2212ng c\u00f2ng ch\u00ea c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00edi ch\u00deu l\u00b5m. B\u00d6nh n\u00b5y sinh ra v\u00d7 hi\u00d3u l\u00c7m hai ch\u00f7 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng. Kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: Ng\u2212\u00eai kho\u00ce g\u00b8nh n\u00c6ng, ng\u2212\u00eai y\u00d5u g\u00b8nh nh\u00d1. Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng ph\u00b6i \u00a8n nhi\u00d2u, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c d\u00d4 th\u00d7 \u00a8n \u00ddt. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng. C\u00b8ch ch\u00f7a - Gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho h\u00e4 hi\u00d3u: \u00ae\u00e5ng cam c\u00e9ng kh\u00e6 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u r\u00cat hay, r\u00cat t\u00e8t. Nh\u00cat l\u00b5 trong l\u00f3c c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng c\u00dfn t\u00f3ng thi\u00d5u, v\u00b5 m\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, m\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u trong s\u00f9 c\u00c7n lao, ti\u00d5t ki\u00d6m. Nh\u2212ng c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i tu\u00fa theo ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh. C\u00b8i g\u00d7 th\u00b8i qu\u00b8 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng t\u00e8t. B\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng th\u00b8i qu\u00b8 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng t\u00e8t. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: n\u00d5u m\u00e9t chi\u00d5n s\u00dc b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00aei xe, \u00a8n ngon, c\u00b8c chi\u00d5n s\u00dc kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00dfi \u00aei xe, \u00ae\u00dfi \u00a8n ngon. Ho\u00c6c v\u00d7 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng m\u00b5 b\u00bet bu\u00e9c m\u00e9t tr\u00ce em c\u00f2ng \u00a8n nhi\u00d2u, c\u00f2ng g\u00b8nh n\u00c6ng, nh\u2212 m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn. N\u00d5u nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng, th\u00d7 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng \u00ae\u00e3 r\u00cat v\u00ab l\u00fd, r\u00cat x\u00cau, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i th\u00f8 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng \u00ae\u00e3. S\u00ee m\u00cat oai t\u00ddn v\u00b5 th\u00d3 di\u00d6n m\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng d\u00b8m t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 301 L\u00b9i n\u00e3i: N\u00d5u ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh, c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00dech s\u00cf l\u00eei d\u00f4ng m\u00b5 c\u00abng k\u00ddch ta. N\u00e3i v\u00cby l\u00b5 l\u00c7m to. Khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 u\u00e8ng thu\u00e8c. S\u00ee ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 c\u00e3 b\u00d6nh m\u00b5 gi\u00cau b\u00d6nh. Kh\u00abng d\u00b8m u\u00e8ng thu\u00e8c. \u00a7\u00d3 \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00e7i b\u00d6nh ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng n\u00c6ng, kh\u00abng ch\u00d5t \\\"c\u00f2ng la l\u00d5t qu\u00b6 d\u2212a\\\". N\u00e3i v\u00d2 t\u00f5ng ng\u2212\u00eai, n\u00d3 nang kh\u00abng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00d3 cho \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh c\u00f8 sa v\u00b5o l\u00c7m l\u00e7i, \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00e7i h\u00e1ng vi\u00d6c. Th\u00d5 th\u00d7 kh\u00b8c n\u00b5o th\u00cay \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh \u00e8m, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ch\u00f7a cho h\u00e4. N\u00d3 nang m\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng d\u00b8m t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00d3 cho khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh ch\u00f8a ch\u00cat l\u00b9i. Th\u00d5 th\u00d7 kh\u00b8c n\u00b5o m\u00d7nh t\u00f9 b\u00e1 thu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00e9c cho m\u00d7nh! N\u00e3i v\u00d2 \u00a7\u00b6ng, m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00b5 gi\u00cau gi\u00d5m khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng h\u00e1ng. M\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 gan th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, v\u00b9ch r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00d7 \u00ae\u00a9u m\u00b5 c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3, x\u00d0t r\u00e2 ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh sinh ra khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3, r\u00e5i t\u00d7m ki\u00d5m m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00a7\u00b6ng ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, m\u00b9nh d\u00b9n, ch\u00bec ch\u00ben, ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh. \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 d\u00b9y d\u00e7 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, d\u00b9y d\u00e7 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. S\u00ee ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \\\"quan li\u00aau ho\u00b8\\\", t\u00f8c l\u00b5 t\u00f9 m\u00b7n t\u00f9 t\u00f3c, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \\\"m\u00cco khen m\u00cco d\u00b5i \u00aeu\u00abi\\\". Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00abng k\u00ddch, \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00e3i x\u00cau, \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f6i r\u00f1a. g) B\u00d6nh xu n\u00denh, a dua - L\u00b9i c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng t\u00e8t, sau l\u2212ng th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng x\u00cau. Th\u00cay x\u00abi n\u00e3i x\u00abi ng\u00e4t, th\u00cay th\u00det n\u00e3i th\u00det b\u00efi. Theo gi\u00e3 b\u00ce bu\u00e5m, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 kh\u00dd kh\u00b8i. C\u00dfn b\u00d6nh quan li\u00aau, b\u00d6nh b\u00b5n gi\u00cay, b\u00d6nh n\u00e3ng t\u00ddnh, b\u00d6nh l\u00f4p ch\u00f4p, v.v., \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i qua, \u00ae\u00a9y kh\u00abng nh\u00bec n\u00f7a. 7. Nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m sai l\u00c7m v\u00d7 sao m\u00b5 c\u00e3 v\u00b5 t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00a9u m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d5n? Khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00a9u m\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u th\u00d5? \u00a7\u00b6ng ta l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng r\u00cat to l\u00edn, bao g\u00e5m \u00ae\u00f1 c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp trong","302 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP x\u00b7 h\u00e9i. V\u00d7 v\u00cby c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u t\u00ddnh c\u00b8ch r\u00cat trung th\u00b5nh, r\u00cat ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t, r\u00cat v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i. Song c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng tr\u00b8nh kh\u00e1i nh\u00f7ng t\u00cbp t\u00f4c, nh\u00f7ng t\u00ddnh n\u00d5t, nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a x\u00b7 h\u00e9i b\u00aan ngo\u00b5i, n\u00e3 l\u00a9y, ng\u00cam v\u00b5o trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. Nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng v\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 kinh s\u00ee. Ta \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cay r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh \u00cay th\u00d7 ta t\u00d7m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b8ch ch\u00f7a. M\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, m\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i th\u00cbt th\u00b5 t\u00f9 x\u00d0t v\u00b5 x\u00d0t \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh, ai c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m n\u00b5o, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i th\u00cbt th\u00b5 c\u00e8 g\u00beng t\u00f9 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a v\u00b5 gi\u00f3p s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a l\u00c9n nhau. Thang thu\u00e8c hay nh\u00cat l\u00b5 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00b8 \u00aei l\u00a9u c\u00f2ng m\u00dfn. S\u00bet m\u00b5i l\u00a9u c\u00f2ng s\u00bec. Ta c\u00e8 g\u00beng s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a th\u00d7 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng b\u00edt, \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng th\u00aam. \u00a7\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng tr\u00eb n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. \u00a7\u00b6ng ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n. Mong ai n\u00cay \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i. \u00a7\u00b6ng ta l\u00b5 m\u00e9t t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c r\u00cat ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch r\u00cat v\u00ce vang. Trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, g\u00e5m c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 t\u00b5i, c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f8c. Ph\u00c7n \u00ae\u00abng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i nh\u00cat, th\u00abng minh nh\u00cat, y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc nh\u00cat, ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t, d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00d2u \u00eb trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. Ch\u00f3ng ta ch\u00bec ch\u00ben \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00beng l\u00eei v\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. Tuy v\u00cby, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u t\u00e8t, vi\u00d6c vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00d2u hay. Trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta ch\u2212a ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n tr\u00b8nh kh\u00e1i m\u00e9t v\u00b5i k\u00ce vu v\u00ac, nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng ch\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b8ng, nh\u2212 v\u00f5a k\u00d3 tr\u00aan. C\u00f2ng nh\u2212 m\u00e9t nh\u00b5 c\u00e3 r\u00d3 kh\u00ea, d\u00a9u d\u00b9i, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 c\u00cam h\u00e4 g\u00c6p g\u00ec b\u00b5 con. \u00a7\u00b6ng ta d\u00ef mu\u00e8n gi\u00cau nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng t\u00e8t kia, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 gi\u00cau. Qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng lu\u00abn lu\u00abn li\u00aan l\u00b9c v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e5ng t\u00d7nh v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, ho\u00c6c tham gia \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. H\u00e4 ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng tr\u00abng th\u00cay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t, vi\u00d6c t\u00e8t, m\u00b5 h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng tr\u00abng th\u00cay nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai x\u00cau, vi\u00d6c x\u00cau trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. H\u00e4 s\u00cf ng\u00ac ng\u00b8c m\u00b5 h\u00e1i \\\"\u00a7\u00b6ng n\u00b5y l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng t\u00e8t, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 303 \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t, v\u00d7 sao l\u00b9i c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai vu v\u00ac, nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c m\u00ea t\u00e8i nh\u2212 th\u00d5 nh\u00d8?\\\". C\u00a9u h\u00e1i \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5m cho ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00b5ng th\u00aam ch\u00f3 \u00fd, l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i c\u00c8n th\u00cbn gi\u00f7 m\u00d7nh, v\u00b5 c\u00c8n th\u00cbn s\u00a8n s\u00e3c, d\u00bet d\u00d7u nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh, nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan m\u00edi, ch\u00ed \u00ae\u00d3 h\u00e4 b\u00de \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng x\u00cau. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i tr\u00b6 l\u00eai c\u00a9u h\u00e1i \u00ae\u00e3 cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ta s\u00cf th\u00cat v\u00e4ng v\u00b5 bi quan. Tr\u00b6 l\u00eai th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? R\u00cat l\u00b5 gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn, d\u00d4 hi\u00d3u: \u00a7\u00b6ng ta kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i tr\u00aan tr\u00eai sa xu\u00e8ng. N\u00e3 \u00eb trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i m\u00b5 ra. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, tuy n\u00e3i chung, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ph\u00c7n nhi\u00d2u l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 t\u00e8t, nh\u2212ng v\u00c9n c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ch\u2212a b\u00e1 h\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng th\u00e3i x\u00cau t\u00f9 t\u2212 t\u00f9 l\u00eei, ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, xa hoa, v.v.. Nh\u00f7ng th\u00e3i x\u00cau \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00a9u, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 trong 80 n\u00a8m n\u00ab l\u00d6. Nh\u00f7ng th\u00e3i x\u00cau \u00ae\u00e3, h\u00e4 mang t\u00f5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng. C\u00f2ng nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00b5ng ng\u00b5y l\u00e9i b\u00efn, m\u00b5 tr\u00aan m\u00d7nh h\u00e4 c\u00e3 h\u00aci b\u00efn, c\u00e3 v\u00d5t b\u00efn. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 c\u00e3 g\u00d7 l\u00b5 k\u00fa qu\u00b8i? V\u00d7 l\u00e9i b\u00efn th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh c\u00e3 h\u00aci b\u00efn. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i t\u00bem r\u00f6a l\u00a9u m\u00edi s\u00b9ch. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, n\u00d5u l\u00e9i b\u00efn m\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 h\u00aci b\u00efn, m\u00edi th\u00cbt l\u00b5 k\u00fa qu\u00b8i. N\u00d5u trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng m\u00edi t\u00f5 trong x\u00b7 h\u00e9i c\u00f2 b\u2212\u00edc ra, n\u00d5u n\u00e3 ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n kh\u00abng c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai x\u00cau, vi\u00d6c x\u00cau nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00edi l\u00b5 k\u00fa qu\u00b8i ch\u00f8! C\u00e8 nhi\u00aan n\u00e3i th\u00d5 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00f9 b\u00b5o ch\u00f7a. \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00e9t m\u00c6t ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m c\u00abng vi\u00d6c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t ph\u00b6i gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t c\u00b6m ho\u00b8 nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 x\u00cau, s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng th\u00e3i x\u00cau c\u00dfn l\u00b9i. Ph\u00b6i c\u00e8 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a cho ti\u00d6t n\u00e4c c\u00b8c ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh, khi\u00d5n cho \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00b5ng m\u00b9nh kho\u00ce, b\u00d7nh an. 8. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8c khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m V\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng r\u00cat to, ng\u2212\u00eai r\u00cat \u00ae\u00abng; m\u00e7i h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b9i c\u00e3 th\u00e3i quen, t\u00ddnh n\u00d5t, tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9, t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, nh\u00cbn x\u00d0t kh\u00b8c nhau. Nh\u00cat l\u00b5 khi phong tr\u00b5o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00b5ng s\u00abi n\u00e6i, ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh c\u00b5ng kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n, th\u00d7 s\u00f9 kh\u00b8c nhau \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00b5ng r\u00e2 r\u00d6t, c\u00b5ng tr\u00eb n\u00aan gay go.","304 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP N\u00aan gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng m\u00e8i m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai th\u00d7 cho r\u00bbng: trong \u00a7\u00b6ng vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng t\u00e8t, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b8ng lo. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b9i cho r\u00bbng: trong \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng k\u00d0m, \u00ae\u00c7y nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, v\u00d7 v\u00cby m\u00b5 h\u00e4 bi quan, th\u00cat v\u00e4ng. Hai c\u00b8ch nh\u00cbn x\u00d0t \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d2u kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng. S\u00f9 th\u00cbt l\u00b5: \u00a7\u00b6ng ta r\u00cat ti\u00d2n ti\u00d5n, r\u00cat v\u00ce vang. Nh\u2212ng n\u00e9i b\u00e9 v\u00c9n c\u00dfn nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, ch\u00f3ng ta th\u00cay c\u00b8i ngu\u00e5n g\u00e8c c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng sai l\u00c7m khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3, v\u00b5 ch\u00bec t\u00d7m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b8ch s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. Ch\u00f3ng ta quy\u00d5t t\u00a9m c\u00abng t\u00b8c th\u00aam, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho \u00a7\u00b6ng ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 th\u00aam m\u00b7i. Th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ta c\u00f2ng kh\u00b8c nhau. B\u00e4n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng th\u00d7 l\u00eei d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00b5 t\u00ab v\u00cf th\u00aam \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. L\u00eei d\u00f4ng nh\u00f7ng sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3, \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b9t m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch t\u00f9 t\u2212 t\u00f9 l\u00eei c\u00f1a h\u00e4. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00ac. B\u00e4n th\u00f8 ba th\u00d7 sao c\u00f2ng m\u00c6c k\u00d6, sao xong chuy\u00d6n th\u00d7 th\u00abi. Kh\u00abng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u2212\u00acn h\u00ccn y\u00d5u \u00edt. B\u00e4n th\u00f8 t\u2212 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 sai l\u00c7m \u00ae\u00e3, nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi h\u00e6 mang, thu\u00e5ng lu\u00e5ng. H\u00e4 \u00ae\u00dfi ph\u00b6i \u00aeu\u00e6i b\u00e4n kia ra kh\u00e1i \u00a7\u00b6ng ngay. N\u00d5u \u00a7\u00b6ng kh\u00abng l\u00b5m nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 h\u00e4 cho r\u00bbng: Th\u00abi, h\u00e1ng h\u00d5t r\u00e5i! Do \u00ae\u00e3, h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00a9m ra ch\u00b8n n\u00b6n, th\u00cat v\u00e4ng. Ho\u00c6c h\u00e4 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m g\u00d7 n\u00f7a h\u00d5t. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd h\u00e4 b\u00e1 \u00a7\u00b6ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b8y m\u00e3c qu\u00b8. \u00a7\u00e3 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 b\u00d6nh \\\"ch\u00f1 quan\\\". Th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f8 n\u00a8m, l\u00b5 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00f3ng. T\u00f8c l\u00b5: a) Ph\u00a9n t\u00b8ch r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, c\u00b8i g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00f3ng, c\u00b8i g\u00d7 l\u00b5 sai. b) Kh\u00abng ch\u00deu n\u00e6i \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng sai l\u00c7m, nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 kh\u00abng t\u00e8t. Ra s\u00f8c h\u00e4c t\u00cbp v\u00b5 n\u00a9ng cao nh\u00f7ng ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u t\u00e8t. c) Kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d3 m\u00c6c k\u00d6. M\u00b5 ra s\u00f8c tranh \u00ae\u00cau s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00e3 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n ra, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00e3 c\u00e3 h\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 305 d) Kh\u00abng l\u00b5m c\u00b8ch m\u00b8y m\u00e3c. Nh\u2212ng kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8ch ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kh\u00b8c s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i nh\u00f7ng sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. \u00ae) \u00a7o\u00b5n k\u00d5t \u00a7\u00b6ng b\u00bbng s\u00f9 tranh \u00ae\u00cau n\u00e9i b\u00e9. N\u00a9ng cao k\u00fb lu\u00cbt v\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. B\u00e4n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 b\u00e4n \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00ac l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dech nh\u00a9n l\u00e4t v\u00b5o trong \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i. V\u00d7 v\u00cby ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i ra s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00d2 ph\u00dfng. M\u00e7i khi trong \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m th\u00d7 ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch ch\u00ed \u00ae\u00d3 cho ai l\u00eei d\u00f4ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 ph\u00cbn s\u00f9 c\u00f1a m\u00e7i m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ch\u00a9n ch\u00ddnh. Th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f8 ba, ai m\u00c6c k\u00d6 ai, c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng. Tuy v\u00cby, trong \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00dfn c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00f7 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 khi c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00cap tr\u00aan. Th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3 th\u2212\u00eang sinh ra th\u00e3i \\\"kh\u00abng n\u00e3i tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t, h\u00f4c h\u00c6c sau l\u2212ng\\\". N\u00e3 g\u00a9y n\u00aan s\u00f9 u\u00cat \u00f8c v\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. N\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 cho b\u00e4n vu v\u00ac c\u00e3 th\u00d3 chui v\u00b5o ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. N\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 cho khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng ch\u00e5ng ch\u00cat l\u00b9i v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n ra. N\u00d5u theo th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f8 t\u2212 th\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng ch\u00d8 c\u00dfn m\u00e9t nh\u00e3m c\u00e1n con, v\u00d7 s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00abng s\u00cf b\u00de khai tr\u00f5 h\u00d5t. M\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00f2ng b\u00de khai tr\u00f5, v\u00d7 h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b9m c\u00b8i khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m h\u00d1p h\u00dfi. K\u00d5t lu\u00cbn - Trong c\u00abng t\u00b8c, trong tranh \u00ae\u00cau, trong hu\u00can luy\u00d6n, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn t\u00f9 h\u00e1i m\u00d7nh, t\u00f9 ki\u00d3m \u00aei\u00d3m m\u00d7nh v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh. Lu\u00abn lu\u00abn d\u00efng v\u00b5 kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8ch ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, th\u00d7 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh h\u00d5t d\u00c7n, \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00aam l\u00aan v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng ta nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00beng l\u00eei. C- T\u00a6 C\u00b8CH V\u00b5 B\u00e6N PH\u00cbN \u00a7\u00b6NG VI\u00a3N1) 1. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch a) Th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8c ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00a7\u00b6ng. N\u00e9p \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00dd. _______________ 1) T\u00b8c gi\u00b6 vi\u00d5t m\u00f4c n\u00b5y c\u00a8n c\u00f8 v\u00b5o \u00a7i\u00d2u l\u00d6 \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (BT).","306 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP b) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai tr\u00dd th\u00f8c, c\u00abng nh\u00a9n, n\u00abng d\u00a9n, ph\u00f4 n\u00f7, qu\u00a9n nh\u00a9n, h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, t\u00f5 18 tu\u00e6i tr\u00eb l\u00aan \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng. c) M\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai mu\u00e8n v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 hai \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan c\u00f2 gi\u00edi thi\u00d6u. - Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00e1 \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00b8i kh\u00b8c m\u00b5 v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 ba ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00edi thi\u00d6u, v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng chu\u00c8n y. - Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai r\u00eai \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00a9u, m\u00b5 c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m ch\u00f8ng r\u00bbng, trong th\u00eai gian \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng h\u00d2 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00e3 h\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tr\u00eb l\u00b9i l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan. d) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00edi v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i qua m\u00e9t th\u00eai k\u00fa d\u00f9 b\u00de. N\u00abng d\u00a9n v\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n hai th\u00b8ng. Qu\u00a9n nh\u00a9n ba th\u00b8ng. Tr\u00dd th\u00f8c b\u00e8n th\u00b8ng. \u00ae) Trong th\u00eai k\u00fa d\u00f9 b\u00de, \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i d\u00b9y d\u00e7 cho h\u00e4, v\u00b5 trao vi\u00d6c cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5m. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i xem x\u00d0t t\u00ddnh n\u00d5t, c\u00abng t\u00b8c v\u00b5 l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a h\u00e4. - Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00edi thi\u00d6u ph\u00b6i gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec h\u00e4 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp v\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c. e) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f9 b\u00de ph\u00b6i c\u00abng t\u00b8c cho \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 n\u00e9p \u00ae\u00b6ng ph\u00dd. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n tham gia hu\u00can luy\u00d6n, \u00ae\u00d2 ra \u00fd ki\u00d5n, b\u00b5n b\u00b9c c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n bi\u00d3u quy\u00d5t. H\u00e4 c\u00f2ng ch\u2212a c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n gi\u00f7 c\u00b8c tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o nh\u2212 l\u00b5m t\u00e6 tr\u2212\u00ebng, th\u2212 k\u00fd, v.v.. (Trong nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t, nh\u2212 n\u00aci \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00edi b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00e3 \u00a7\u00b6ng, ho\u00c6c \u00ae\u00b9i \u00aea s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan m\u00edi, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i theo l\u00d6 n\u00b5y). 2. B\u00e6n ph\u00cbn a) Su\u00e8t \u00ae\u00eai tranh \u00ae\u00cau cho d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, cho T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c. b) \u00a7\u00c6t l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng l\u00aan tr\u00aan h\u00d5t, l\u00aan tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t. c) H\u00d5t s\u00f8c gi\u00f7 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt v\u00b5 gi\u00f7 b\u00dd m\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. d) Ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t thi h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. \u00ae) C\u00e8 g\u00beng l\u00b5m ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng trong m\u00e4i vi\u00d6c. e) C\u00e8 g\u00beng h\u00e4c t\u00cbp ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, v\u00a8n ho\u00b8. Ph\u00b6i g\u00c7n g\u00f2i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, h\u00e4c h\u00e1i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 ph\u00b6i l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - III. T\u2212 c\u00b8ch v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng 307 D- PH\u00b6I R\u00ccN LUY\u00d6N T\u00ddNH \u00a7\u00b6NG M\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9, m\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng m\u00edi l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c. K\u00d0m t\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng, th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng l\u00b5m n\u00aan. T\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng l\u00b5 g\u00d7? M\u00e9t l\u00b5: Ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00c6t l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c l\u00aan tr\u00aan h\u00d5t. Hai l\u00b5: Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i \u00aei\u00d2u tra r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, c\u00c8n th\u00cbn v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n. Ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00c6t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch m\u00edi \u00ae\u00f3ng. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n \u00a7\u00b6ng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i \u00aei\u00d2u tra v\u00b5 b\u00b8o c\u00b8o r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh t\u00f5ng x\u00b7, t\u00f5ng huy\u00d6n, t\u00f5ng t\u00d8nh, t\u00f5ng khu. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch th\u00d7 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 l\u00b5 \\\"n\u00e5i vu\u00abng \u00f3p vung tr\u00dfn\\\", kh\u00abng \u00a8n kh\u00edp g\u00d7 h\u00d5t. Ba l\u00b5: L\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn \u00aei \u00ae\u00abi v\u00edi nhau. V\u00d7 k\u00d0m t\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00b6ng m\u00b5 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh sau n\u00b5y B\u00d6nh ba hoa, B\u00d6nh ch\u00f1 quan, B\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng, B\u00d6nh h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c, B\u00d6nh ham danh v\u00de, B\u00d6nh \u00ddch k\u00fb, B\u00d6nh thi\u00d5u k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, B\u00d6nh h\u00f1 ho\u00b8, B\u00d6nh c\u00c8u th\u00b6 (g\u00c6p sao hay v\u00cby), B\u00d6nh thi\u00d5u ng\u00a8n n\u00bep, B\u00d6nh xa qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, B\u00d6nh l\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng. M\u00bec ph\u00b6i m\u00e9t b\u00d6nh trong m\u2212\u00eai hai b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3 t\u00f8c l\u00b5 h\u00e1ng vi\u00d6c. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i r\u00b8o ri\u00d5t d\u00efng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p nhau ch\u00f7a cho h\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh \u00cay. C\u00e3 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00edi ch\u00e3ng ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n. Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 n\u00aau \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 v\u00b9ch khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh. T\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh l\u00b5 n\u00aau \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 v\u00b9ch khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. T\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ph\u00b6i \u00aei \u00ae\u00abi v\u00edi nhau. M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch l\u00b5 cho m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00e4c l\u00c9n \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a nhau v\u00b5 gi\u00f3p nhau ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. V\u00d2 m\u00c6t \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u sau n\u00b5y: 1. Ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aam ng\u00c6t ki\u00d3m tra, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t","308 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i c\u00b8i th\u00e3i ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t m\u00e9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eang, thi h\u00b5nh m\u00e9t n\u00ceo. 2. N\u00aci n\u00b5o sai l\u00c7m, ai sai l\u00c7m, th\u00d7 l\u00cbp t\u00f8c s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. Ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng th\u00e3i n\u00d3 nang v\u00b5 che gi\u00cau, ch\u00e8ng th\u00e3i \\\"tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t th\u00d7 n\u00d3, k\u00d3 l\u00d3 sau l\u2212ng\\\". Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, ngay th\u00bcng, th\u00b5nh th\u00cbt - m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch l\u00b5 c\u00e8t s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d3 c\u00abng k\u00ddch, c\u00e8t gi\u00f3p nhau ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kh\u00e3 ch\u00deu, n\u00b6n l\u00dfng. 3. Ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n ph\u00b6i tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, s\u00e8 \u00ddt ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng s\u00e8 nhi\u00d2u, c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng c\u00cap tr\u00aan, \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c t\u00efng trung \u2212\u00acng. 4. Ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00dfi h\u00e1i m\u00e7i \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t l\u00b5 m\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i th\u00cbt th\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, t\u00f9 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00c6t l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c l\u00aan tr\u00aan h\u00d5t. Ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng b\u00d6nh t\u00f9 m\u00b7n t\u00f9 t\u00f3c, t\u00f9 t\u2212 t\u00f9 l\u00eei, ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, ba hoa. Ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u: \\\"Ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212; c\u00c7n, ki\u00d6m, li\u00aam, ch\u00ddnh!\\\".","309 IV V\u00caN \u00a7\u00d2 C\u00b8N B\u00e9 1. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 C\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aeem ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 v\u00b5 thi h\u00b5nh. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai \u00aeem t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b8o c\u00b8o cho \u00a7\u00b6ng, cho Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 hi\u00d3u r\u00e2, \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00c6t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 c\u00b8i g\u00e8c c\u00f1a m\u00e4i c\u00abng vi\u00d6c. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c g\u00e8c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00e3 m\u00eb nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Nh\u2212ng \u00ae\u00b9i \u00aea s\u00e8 c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ho\u00c6c b\u00cbn c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, ho\u00c6c xa x\u00abi qu\u00b8, ch\u2212a \u00ae\u2212\u00eec hu\u00can luy\u00d6n. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3, \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n h\u00e4 (ho\u00c6c m\u00eb l\u00edp \u00eb \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng, ho\u00c6c g\u00f6i s\u00b8ch v\u00eb cho h\u00e4 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u, v.v.). Khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m trong s\u00f9 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n - \u00a7\u00b7 c\u00e3 n\u00aci m\u00eb l\u00edp hu\u00can luy\u00d6n, th\u00d5 r\u00cat t\u00e8t. Song nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp \u00cay c\u00dfn nhi\u00d2u khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: hu\u00can luy\u00d6n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 trong c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh m\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f4ng \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00abng vi\u00d6c h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh. C\u00dfn d\u00b9y ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de th\u00d7 m\u00aanh m\u00abng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, h\u00e4c r\u00e5i kh\u00abng d\u00efng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Ph\u00c7n \u00ae\u00abng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 c\u00abng nh\u00a9n v\u00b5 n\u00abng d\u00a9n, v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 r\u00cat k\u00d0m. \u00a7\u00b6ng ch\u2212a t\u00d7m \u00ae\u00f1 c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng cao tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00fd lu\u00cbn cho nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cao c\u00cap, \u00ae\u00d5n nay ho\u00c6c ch\u2212a l\u00b5m, ho\u00c6c l\u00b5m kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 th\u00f9c t\u00d5 kh\u00abng \u00a8n kh\u00edp v\u00edi nhau, d\u00b9y theo c\u00b8ch h\u00e4c thu\u00e9c l\u00dfng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00a7\u00b6ng n\u00aan s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ngay, theo c\u00b8ch sau \u00ae\u00a9y: a) Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ngh\u00d2 nghi\u00d6p Ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u: l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 h\u00e4c vi\u00d6c \u00cay. V\u00ab lu\u00cbn \u00eb qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, kinh t\u00d5, v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c,","310 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, c\u00abng an, v.v., c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00eb m\u00abn n\u00b5o ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c cho th\u00b9o c\u00abng vi\u00d6c \u00eb trong m\u00abn \u00cay. Nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch d\u00b9y cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 trong m\u00abn c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, do c\u00b8c c\u00cap \u00a7\u00b6ng gi\u00f3p v\u00b5o. C\u00b8ch h\u00e4c t\u00cbp g\u00e5m c\u00e3 n\u00a8m m\u00abn: 1. \u00a7i\u00d2u tra: t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00e3 quan h\u00d6 v\u00edi c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: m\u00abn qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, th\u00d7 \u00aei\u00d2u tra, ph\u00a9n t\u00b8ch, nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech, c\u00f1a b\u00b9n, c\u00f1a ta, ch\u00e4n nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u hu\u00can luy\u00d6n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9. 2. Nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u: nh\u00f7ng ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch, ch\u00d8 th\u00de, ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: C\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00d2 m\u00abn t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh, ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t v\u00d2 t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. 3. Kinh nghi\u00d6m: Th\u00dd d\u00f4: Ban tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n th\u00d7 gom g\u00e3p t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00b5nh c\u00abng ho\u00c6c th\u00cat b\u00b9i trong c\u00abng vi\u00d6c tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, ch\u00d0p th\u00b5nh t\u00b5i li\u00d6u hu\u00can luy\u00d6n, cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n h\u00e4c. 4. L\u00dech s\u00f6: Th\u00dd d\u00f4: m\u00abn kinh t\u00d5 th\u00d7 \u00aeem nh\u00f7ng s\u00f9 thay \u00ae\u00e6i trong n\u00d2n kinh t\u00d5 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc ta trong th\u00eai k\u00fa g\u00c7n \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u hu\u00can luy\u00d6n. 5. Khoa h\u00e4c: Th\u00dd d\u00f4: c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u khoa h\u00e4c qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 y t\u00d5 ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u y h\u00e4c. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00abn n\u00b5o th\u00d7 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00f1a m\u00abn \u00cay. C\u00b8c c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a m\u00e7i m\u00abn ph\u00b6i gom g\u00e3p t\u00b5i li\u00d6u, s\u00bep x\u00d5p c\u00b8ch d\u00b9y v\u00b5 h\u00e4c, ki\u00d3m tra k\u00d5t qu\u00b6, sao cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 trong m\u00abn m\u00d7nh d\u00c7n d\u00c7n \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b9o c\u00abng vi\u00d6c. b) Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de C\u00e3 hai th\u00f8: th\u00eai s\u00f9 v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch. C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n th\u00eai s\u00f9 l\u00b5 khuy\u00aan g\u00beng v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8c th\u00f3c c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 xem b\u00b8o, th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 quan tr\u00e4ng, v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh k\u00fa khai h\u00e9i c\u00b8n b\u00e9, b\u00b8o c\u00b8o th\u00eai s\u00f9. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8c th\u00f3c c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u v\u00b5","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 311 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t, nh\u00f7ng ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh, nh\u00f7ng tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, m\u00abn n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i c\u00e3. Nh\u2212ng ph\u00b6i tu\u00fa theo m\u00e7i m\u00abn m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh nhi\u00d2u hay \u00ddt. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: c\u00b8n b\u00e9 chuy\u00aan m\u00abn v\u00d2 y t\u00d5, v\u00d2 v\u00a8n ngh\u00d6, v.v., th\u00d7 \u00ddt h\u00acn. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00d2 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, v.v., th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn. c) Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 V\u00edi nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00dfn k\u00d0m v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c hu\u00can luy\u00d6n n\u00b5y r\u00cat tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u. Tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t ph\u00b6i d\u00b9y cho h\u00e4 nh\u00f7ng th\u2212\u00eang th\u00f8c: l\u00dech s\u00f6, \u00ae\u00dea d\u2212, l\u00b5m t\u00ddnh, khoa h\u00e4c t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, c\u00b8ch vi\u00d5t b\u00b8o c\u00b8o, ngh\u00dca v\u00f4 v\u00b5 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00abng d\u00a9n. C\u00b8c b\u00b5i h\u00e4c do m\u00e9t ban ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch s\u00bep x\u00d5p. L\u00edp h\u00e4c do m\u00e9t ho\u00c6c v\u00b5i ba c\u00ac quan t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00edi nhau. Nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 gi\u00b8o vi\u00aan lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch v\u00b5 gi\u00b8o vi\u00aan ngo\u00b5i gi\u00f3p vi\u00d6c. C\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 thay phi\u00aan nhau m\u00b5 \u00aei h\u00e4c. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i \u2212u \u00ae\u00b7i c\u00b8c gi\u00b8o vi\u00aan v\u00b5 khen th\u2212\u00ebng nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00e8t. Nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 h\u00e4c trong nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp n\u00b5y, ph\u00b6i theo tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 cao hay th\u00cap m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6t l\u00edp, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng theo c\u00cap b\u00cbc c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cao hay th\u00cap. d) Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00fd lu\u00cbn Nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cao c\u00cap v\u00b5 trung c\u00cap m\u00b5 c\u00e3 s\u00f8c nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u l\u00fd lu\u00cbn (tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 kh\u00b8, ham nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u), th\u00d7 ngo\u00b5i vi\u00d6c h\u00e4c t\u00cbp ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 ngh\u00d2 nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00c7n h\u00e4c th\u00aam l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. Hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00e3 hai c\u00b8ch: M\u00e9t c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 ch\u00d8 \u00aeem l\u00fd lu\u00cbn kh\u00ab khan nh\u00d0t cho \u00ae\u00c7y \u00e3c h\u00e4. R\u00e5i b\u00b5y cho h\u00e4 vi\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh, nh\u00f7ng hi\u00d6u tri\u00d6u r\u00cat k\u00aau. Nh\u2212ng \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi vi\u00d6c th\u00f9c t\u00d5, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, kinh nghi\u00d6m ch\u00d8 n\u00e3i qua loa m\u00b5 th\u00abi. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn su\u00abng, v\u00ab \u00ddch. M\u00e9t c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 trong l\u00f3c h\u00e4c l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u c\u00abng vi\u00d6c","312 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP th\u00f9c t\u00d5, kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00f9c t\u00d5. L\u00f3c h\u00e4c r\u00e5i, h\u00e4 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh t\u00d7m ra ph\u2212\u00acng h\u2212\u00edng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00b5m nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u00f9c t\u00d5, c\u00e3 th\u00d3 tr\u00eb n\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, c\u00e3 \u00ddch. L\u00fd lu\u00cbn do kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 trong n\u2212\u00edc ta, do kinh nghi\u00d6m t\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m hi\u00d6n nay gom g\u00e3p ph\u00a9n t\u00ddch v\u00b5 k\u00d5t lu\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng kinh nghi\u00d6m \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00b5nh ra l\u00fd lu\u00cbn. Nh\u2212ng ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t kh\u00d0o l\u00eei d\u00f4ng kinh nghi\u00d6m. N\u00d5u th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai ta l\u00b5m th\u00d5 n\u00b5o m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng m\u00e9t m\u00f9c b\u00bet ch\u2212\u00edc l\u00b5m theo th\u00d5 \u00cay. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: nghe ng\u2212\u00eai ta n\u00e3i giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh, m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng ra kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u giai c\u00cap \u00ae\u00cau tranh, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng x\u00d0t ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh n\u2212\u00edc m\u00d7nh nh\u2212 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ta \u00ae\u00d2u n\u00e3i: Ph\u00b6i g\u00c7n g\u00f4i d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, v\u00b5o s\u00a9u trong d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. \u00a7i\u00d2u n\u00b5y r\u00cat \u00ae\u00f3ng. Ta ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh theo kinh nghi\u00d6m \u00ae\u00e3. Kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ta n\u00e3i: Ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng b\u00d6nh ch\u00f1 quan, b\u00d6nh h\u00d1p h\u00dfi, b\u00d6nh ba hoa. Ta c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t ch\u00e8ng nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3 v\u00d7 nh\u00cbn th\u00cay ta th\u2212\u00eang m\u00bec ph\u00b6i v\u00b5 c\u00b8c b\u00d6nh n\u00b5y r\u00cat c\u00e3 h\u00b9i cho c\u00abng t\u00b8c, r\u00cat h\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng. H\u00e4c t\u00cbp - Khu\u00abn kh\u00e6 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp, chia ra khoa h\u00e4c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, khoa h\u00e4c kinh t\u00d5, khoa h\u00e4c l\u00dech s\u00f6, v.v., m\u00b5 h\u00e4c d\u00c7n d\u00c7n. H\u00e4c t\u00cbp th\u00d7 theo nguy\u00aan t\u00bec: kinh nghi\u00d6m v\u00b5 th\u00f9c t\u00d5 ph\u00b6i \u00aei c\u00efng nhau. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: khoa h\u00e4c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de d\u00efng s\u00b8ch v\u00eb, b\u00b5i b\u00b8o b\u00b5n v\u00d2 chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec, chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u l\u00fd lu\u00cbn; l\u00cay l\u00dech s\u00f6 v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m tranh \u00ae\u00cau c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u th\u00f9c t\u00d5. Khoa h\u00e4c kinh t\u00d5 l\u00cay \\\"kinh t\u00d5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de h\u00e4c\\\" l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u l\u00fd lu\u00cbn, l\u00cay l\u00dech s\u00f6 kinh t\u00d5 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc ta g\u00c7n 100 n\u00a8m nay l\u00b5m t\u00b5i li\u00d6u th\u00f9c t\u00d5. C\u00b8c m\u00abn kh\u00b8c c\u00f2ng th\u00d5. C\u00b8ch h\u00e4c t\u00cbp: T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c t\u00f5ng ban cao c\u00cap ho\u00c6c trung c\u00cap. L\u00cay t\u00f9 h\u00e4c l\u00b5m c\u00e8t. Do th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o gi\u00f3p v\u00b5o. - S\u00bep x\u00d5p th\u00eai gian v\u00b5 b\u00b5i h\u00e4c cho nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp \u00ae\u00e3, ph\u00b6i cho kh\u00d0o, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 m\u00b9ch l\u00b9c v\u00edi nhau, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng xung \u00ae\u00e9t v\u00edi nhau.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 313 - V\u00ab lu\u00cbn c\u00abng t\u00b8c m\u00abn n\u00b5o, l\u00edp hu\u00can luy\u00d6n n\u00b5o, \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i tuy\u00d6t \u00ae\u00e8i ch\u00e8ng b\u00d6nh ch\u00f1 quan, b\u00d6nh h\u00d1p h\u00dfi, b\u00d6nh ba hoa. C\u00b8c t\u00b5i li\u00d6u hu\u00can luy\u00d6n ph\u00b6i do c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o x\u00d0t k\u00fc. - C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n n\u00b5y l\u00b5 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00a9u d\u00b5i. Cho n\u00aan nguy\u00aan t\u00bec l\u00b5: \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n ngh\u00d2 nghi\u00d6p m\u00b5 kh\u00abng tr\u00eb ng\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n ngh\u00d2 nghi\u00d6p v\u00b5 s\u00f8c kho\u00ce c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9. \u00eb c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan, m\u00e7i ng\u00b5y \u00ddt nh\u00cat ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c t\u00cbp m\u00e9t ti\u00d5ng \u00ae\u00e5ng h\u00e5. Nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci v\u00d7 ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t, th\u00eai gi\u00ea d\u00b5i hay ng\u00ben, tu\u00fa theo \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh. Nh\u00f7ng gi\u00ea h\u00e4c t\u00cbp \u00ae\u00d2u t\u00ddnh nh\u2212 nh\u00f7ng gi\u00ea l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. Khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i xem k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00abng t\u00b8c kh\u00b8c m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00denh. - C\u00b8ch ki\u00d3m tra, thi kh\u00b6o, th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t nh\u00f7ng l\u00edp \u00ae\u00e3, do Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00denh. - C\u00b8c c\u00ac quan c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i r\u00cat ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n vi\u00d6c hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Ph\u00b6i l\u00f9a ch\u00e4n r\u00cat c\u00c8n th\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch vi\u00d6c hu\u00can luy\u00d6n \u00ae\u00e3. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i tham gia vi\u00d6c d\u00b9y. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan b\u00f1n x\u00d8n v\u00d2 c\u00b8c kho\u00b6n chi ti\u00aau trong vi\u00d6c hu\u00can luy\u00d6n. 2. D\u00b9y c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 C\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u00b5nh c\u00abng ho\u00c6c th\u00cat b\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d2u do c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t hay k\u00d0m. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i nu\u00abi d\u00b9y c\u00b8n b\u00e9, nh\u2212 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m v\u2212\u00ean vun tr\u00e5ng nh\u00f7ng c\u00a9y c\u00e8i qu\u00fd b\u00b8u. Ph\u00b6i tr\u00e4ng nh\u00a9n t\u00b5i, tr\u00e4ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9, tr\u00e4ng m\u00e7i m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 \u00ddch cho c\u00abng vi\u00d6c chung c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta. \u00a7\u00b6ng ta l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00cau tranh. Trong cu\u00e9c tranh \u00ae\u00cau th\u2212\u00eang hao t\u00e6n m\u00e9t s\u00e8 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00fd b\u00b8u. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i qu\u00fd c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i b\u00e6 sung c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b5o t\u00b9o c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00edi. M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng r\u00e9ng, n\u00b6y n\u00eb ra h\u00b5ng ng\u00b5n h\u00b5ng v\u00b9n ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, tham gia v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. H\u00e4 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i nh\u2212ng l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00dfn thi\u00d5u, kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00dfn \u00ddt. Trong c\u00abng t\u00b8c, h\u00e4 th\u2212\u00eang g\u00c6p nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 to t\u00b8t, h\u00e4 ph\u00b6i t\u00f9 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t. V\u00d7 v\u00cby ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t ch\u00f3 \u00fd s\u00a8n s\u00e3c nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 r\u00cat tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u, r\u00cat c\u00c7n k\u00ddp.","314 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00ae\u00e3, \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? 1. Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - T\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5n nay, \u00a7\u00b6ng ta ch\u2212a th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8ch th\u2212\u00eang xem x\u00d0t c\u00b8n b\u00e9. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m to. Kinh nghi\u00d6m cho ta bi\u00d5t: m\u00e7i l\u00c7n xem x\u00d0t l\u00b9i nh\u00a9n t\u00b5i, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t th\u00d7 t\u00d7m th\u00cay nh\u00f7ng nh\u00a9n t\u00b5i m\u00edi, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t kh\u00b8c th\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00f1 ho\u00b8 c\u00f2ng l\u00dfi ra. 2. Ph\u00b6i c\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch cho \u00ae\u00f3ng C\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00c7n k\u00ddp. Khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec m\u00e9t c\u00b8n b\u00e9, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t r\u00e2 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 g\u00c7n g\u00f4i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng tin c\u00cby v\u00b5 m\u00d5n ph\u00f4c kh\u00abng. L\u00b9i ph\u00b6i xem ng\u2212\u00eai \u00cay x\u00f8ng v\u00edi vi\u00d6c g\u00d7. N\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 t\u00b5i m\u00b5 d\u00efng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng t\u00b5i c\u00f1a h\u00e4, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c. N\u00d5u c\u00cat nh\u00bec kh\u00abng c\u00c8n th\u00cbn, kh\u00abng kh\u00e1i \u00aeem ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00ab l\u00ab ba la, ch\u00d8 n\u00e3i m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m, v\u00b5o nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 r\u00cat c\u00e3 h\u00b9i. 3. Ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ai c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng t\u00e8t, c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng hay. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai, s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m cho h\u00e4, gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Th\u2212\u00eang ch\u00f3ng ta kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t tu\u00fa t\u00b5i m\u00b5 d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: th\u00ee r\u00ccn th\u00d7 b\u00b6o \u00aei \u00ae\u00e3ng t\u00f1, th\u00ee m\u00e9c th\u00d7 b\u00b6o \u00aei r\u00ccn dao. Th\u00b5nh th\u00f6 hai ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00f3ng t\u00f3ng. N\u00d5u bi\u00d5t tu\u00fa t\u00b5i m\u00b5 d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai, th\u00d7 hai ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. 4. Ph\u00b6i ph\u00a9n ph\u00e8i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cho \u00ae\u00f3ng - Th\u00dd d\u00f4: trong m\u00e9t n\u00aci quan tr\u00e4ng \u00eb m\u00e9t th\u00b5nh th\u00de to th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i ph\u00b8i nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 quan h\u00d6 kh\u00a8ng kh\u00ddt v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. H\u00e4 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 ra, c\u00e3 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n, tinh th\u00c7n, ch\u00bec ch\u00ben, ch\u00dd kh\u00dd v\u00f7ng v\u00b5ng. Ph\u00b6i d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00f3ng ch\u00e7, \u00ae\u00f3ng vi\u00d6c. 5. Ph\u00b6i gi\u00f3p c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cho \u00ae\u00f3ng - Ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn d\u00efng l\u00dfng th\u00a9n \u00b8i m\u00b5 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec, l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a nh\u00f7ng ch\u00e7 sai l\u00c7m. Khen ng\u00eei h\u00e4 l\u00f3c h\u00e4 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c. V\u00b5 ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00b8n b\u00e9. 6. Ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - T\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci ph\u00b6i c\u00abng t\u00b8c b\u00dd m\u00cbt khi c\u00c7n th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i ph\u00b8i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00edi th\u00d5 cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2, v\u00b5 ph\u00b8i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2 \u00aei n\u00aci kh\u00b8c.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 315 Ph\u00b6i t\u00d7m m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f7 b\u00dd m\u00cbt cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9. 3. L\u00f9a ch\u00e4n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 a) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00e1 ra r\u00cat trung th\u00b5nh v\u00b5 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i trong c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, trong l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00cau tranh. b) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai li\u00aan l\u00b9c m\u00cbt thi\u00d5t v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5, th\u00d7 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng m\u00edi tin c\u00cby c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 nh\u00cbn c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a h\u00e4. c) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2, trong nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n. Ai s\u00ee ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch v\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i: Khi th\u00cat b\u00b9i kh\u00abng hoang mang, khi th\u00beng l\u00eei kh\u00abng ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o. Khi thi h\u00b5nh c\u00b8c ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t, gan g\u00e3c kh\u00abng s\u00ee kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n. d) Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai lu\u00abn lu\u00abn gi\u00f7 \u00ae\u00f3ng k\u00fb lu\u00cbt. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng khu\u00abn kh\u00e6 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00f9a ch\u00e4n c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i theo cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. Trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci th\u2212\u00eang d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00a8n hay n\u00e3i kh\u00d0o, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, kh\u00abng ra tranh \u00ae\u00cau. M\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd vi\u00d5t kh\u00abng hay n\u00e3i kh\u00abng th\u00b9o nh\u2212ng r\u00cat trung th\u00b5nh, h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, r\u00cat g\u00c7n g\u00f4i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, th\u00d7 b\u00de d\u00d7m xu\u00e8ng. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ngay nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00b7 l\u00f9a ch\u00e4n \u00ae\u00f3ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00dfn c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i d\u00b9y b\u00b6o l\u00fd lu\u00cbn cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Ch\u00d8 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh m\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t m\u00bet s\u00b8ng, m\u00e9t m\u00bet m\u00ef. 4. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 Phong tr\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng s\u00abi n\u00e6i, n\u00b6y n\u00eb ra r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u nh\u00a9n t\u00b5i ngo\u00b5i \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ch\u00f3ng ta kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00e1 r\u00aci h\u00e4, xa c\u00b8ch h\u00e4. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i th\u00cbt th\u00b5 \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00edi h\u00e4, n\u00a9ng \u00ae\u00ec h\u00e4. Ph\u00b6i th\u00a9n thi\u00d5t v\u00edi h\u00e4,","316 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP g\u00c7n g\u00f4i h\u00e4, \u00aeem t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4 gi\u00f3p \u00ddch v\u00b5o c\u00abng cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i t\u00c8y s\u00b9ch c\u00b8c b\u00d6nh ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, b\u00d6nh h\u00d1p h\u00dfi, b\u00d6nh bao bi\u00d6n. T\u00e3m l\u00b9i, \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 n\u00a8m c\u00b8ch: a) Ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o - Th\u00b6 cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5m, th\u00b6 cho h\u00e4 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch, d\u00ef sai l\u00c7m ch\u00f3t \u00ddt c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng s\u00ee. Nh\u2212ng ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn tu\u00fa theo ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh m\u00b5 b\u00b5y v\u00cf cho h\u00e4 v\u00d2 ph\u2212\u00acng h\u2212\u00edng c\u00abng t\u00b8c, c\u00b8ch th\u00f8c c\u00abng t\u00b8c, \u00ae\u00d3 cho h\u00e4 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c v\u00b5 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a h\u00e4, \u00ae\u00f3ng v\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u00e8i c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. b) N\u00a9ng cao - Lu\u00abn lu\u00abn t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch cho h\u00e4 h\u00e4c th\u00aam l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, l\u00b5m cho t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. c) Ki\u00d3m tra - Kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ng\u00b5y n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng ki\u00d3m tra. Nh\u2212ng th\u2212\u00eang th\u2212\u00eang ki\u00d3m tra \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 r\u00f3t kinh nghi\u00d6m, s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m. Giao c\u00abng vi\u00d6c m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ki\u00d3m tra, \u00ae\u00d5n l\u00f3c th\u00cat b\u00b9i m\u00edi ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t y\u00aau d\u00cau c\u00b8n b\u00e9. d) C\u00b6i t\u00b9o - Khi h\u00e4 sai l\u00c7m th\u00d7 d\u00efng c\u00b8ch \\\"thuy\u00d5t ph\u00f4c\\\" gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a. Kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i m\u00e9t sai l\u00c7m to l\u00edn, m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00e9i cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5 \\\"c\u00ac h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca\\\", \u00ae\u00b7 \\\"c\u00b6nh c\u00b8o\\\", \u00ae\u00b7 \\\"t\u00b9m khai tr\u00f5\\\". Nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8ch qu\u00b8 \u00ae\u00b8ng nh\u2212 th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d2u kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng. \u00ae) Gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec - Ph\u00b6i cho h\u00e4 \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n sinh s\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 m\u00b5 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. Khi h\u00e4 \u00aeau \u00e8m, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 thu\u00e8c thang. Tu\u00fa theo ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh m\u00b5 gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 gia \u00ae\u00d7nh. Nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 r\u00cat quan h\u00d6 v\u00edi tinh th\u00c7n c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9, v\u00b5 s\u00f9 th\u00a9n \u00b8i \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. 5. M\u00cay \u00aei\u00d3m l\u00edn trong ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00a7\u00b6ng ta g\u00e5m c\u00e3 h\u00b5ng tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai, h\u00b5ng v\u00b9n c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Trong \u00ae\u00e3, s\u00dc, c\u00abng, n\u00abng, th\u2212\u00acng, binh \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3. T\u00f5ng l\u00edp x\u00b7 h\u00e9i kh\u00b8c nhau, tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9, v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 kh\u00b8c nhau; t\u00ddnh t\u00d7nh c\u00b8 nh\u00a9n c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng gi\u00e8ng h\u00d6t.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 317 Sao cho \u00ae\u00e8i \u00ae\u00b7i \u00ae\u00f3ng v\u00edi m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai? \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 r\u00cat tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng ta c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ch\u00f3 \u00fd m\u00cay vi\u00d6c d\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00a9y: Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00b8n b\u00e9, Kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9, C\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9, Th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau c\u00b8n b\u00e9, Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh c\u00b8n b\u00e9. a) Hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - Bi\u00d5t ng\u2212\u00eai, c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan l\u00b5 kh\u00e3. T\u00f9 bi\u00d5t m\u00d7nh, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 d\u00d4. \u00a7\u00b7 kh\u00abng t\u00f9 bi\u00d5t m\u00d7nh th\u00d7 kh\u00e3 m\u00b5 bi\u00d5t ng\u2212\u00eai, v\u00d7 v\u00cby mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00f3ng s\u00f9 ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i \u00eb ng\u2212\u00eai ta, th\u00d7 tr\u2212\u00edc ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00f3ng s\u00f9 ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t s\u00f9 ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i \u00eb m\u00d7nh, th\u00d7 ch\u00bec kh\u00abng th\u00d3 nh\u00cbn r\u00e2 ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t hay x\u00cau. Ng\u2212\u00eai ta th\u2212\u00eang ph\u00b9m nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh sau n\u00b5y: 1. T\u00f9 cao t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b9i, 2. \u00a6a ng\u2212\u00eai ta n\u00denh m\u00d7nh, 3. Do l\u00dfng y\u00aau, gh\u00d0t c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai, 4. \u00a7em m\u00e9t c\u00b8i khu\u00abn kh\u00e6 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh, ch\u00cbt h\u00d1p m\u00b5 l\u00bep v\u00b5o t\u00cat c\u00b6 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c nhau. Ph\u00b9m m\u00e9t trong b\u00e8n b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 m\u00bet \u00ae\u00b7 mang k\u00ddnh c\u00e3 m\u00b5u, kh\u00abng bao gi\u00ea th\u00cau r\u00e2 c\u00b8i m\u00c6t th\u00cbt c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8i m\u00d7nh tr\u00abng. Mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9, mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00e8i \u00ae\u00b7i m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben c\u00b8c h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai, tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t ph\u00b6i s\u00f6a nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. M\u00d7nh c\u00b5ng \u00ddt khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m th\u00d7 c\u00b8ch xem x\u00d0t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00f3ng. Trong th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, c\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5n ho\u00b8. T\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5n ho\u00b8. V\u00d7 v\u00cby c\u00b8ch xem x\u00d0t c\u00b8n b\u00e9, quy\u00d5t kh\u00abng n\u00aan ch\u00cap nh\u00cat, v\u00d7 n\u00e3 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5n ho\u00b8. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai khi tr\u2212\u00edc theo c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng m\u00b5 nay l\u00b9i ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai khi tr\u2212\u00edc kh\u00abng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng m\u00b5 nay l\u00b9i tham gia c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai nay \u00aeang theo c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, nh\u2212ng sau n\u00b5y c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. M\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 khi tr\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 sai l\u00c7m, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 th\u00d5 m\u00b5","318 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP sai l\u00c7m m\u00b7i. C\u00f2ng c\u00e3 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00d5n nay ch\u2212a b\u00de sai l\u00c7m, nh\u2212ng ch\u00bec g\u00d7 sau n\u00b5y kh\u00abng ph\u00b9m sai l\u00c7m? Qu\u00b8 kh\u00f8, hi\u00d6n t\u00b9i v\u00b5 t\u2212\u00acng lai c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn gi\u00e8ng nhau. Xem x\u00d0t c\u00b8n b\u00e9, kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 xem ngo\u00b5i m\u00c6t m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i xem t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Kh\u00abng ch\u00d8 xem m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c, m\u00e9t l\u00f3c m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i xem to\u00b5n c\u00b6 l\u00dech s\u00f6, to\u00b5n c\u00b6 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a h\u00e4. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00f3c phong tr\u00b5o c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng cao, h\u00e4 v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng, h\u00e4 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c r\u00cat h\u00a8ng. Nh\u2212ng l\u00f3c phong tr\u00b5o h\u00aci kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00a9m ra hoang mang. L\u00f3c g\u00c6p s\u00f9 nguy hi\u00d3m th\u00cbm ch\u00dd ho\u00b8 ph\u00b6n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, l\u00b5m m\u00cbt th\u00b8m. Mu\u00e8n l\u00b5m m\u00cbt th\u00b8m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, th\u00d7 n\u00e3 l\u00b9i c\u00abng t\u00b8c h\u00a8ng h\u00acn ai h\u00d5t. N\u00d5u ta kh\u00abng xem x\u00d0t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, th\u00d7 l\u00c7m n\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, nh\u00cbn x\u00d0t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng n\u00aan ch\u00d8 x\u00d0t ngo\u00b5i m\u00c6t, ch\u00d8 x\u00d0t m\u00e9t l\u00f3c, m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c, m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t k\u00fc c\u00b6 to\u00b5n b\u00e9 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Ai m\u00b5 hay khoe c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, hay a dua, t\u00d7m vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1 m\u00b5 l\u00b5m, tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00c6t th\u00d7 theo m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, sau l\u2212ng th\u00d7 tr\u00b8i m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, hay c\u00abng k\u00ddch ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c, hay t\u00f9 t\u00a9ng b\u00e8c m\u00d7nh, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u00d5, tuy h\u00e4 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t. Ai c\u00f8 c\u00bem \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, kh\u00abng ham khoe khoang, \u00a8n n\u00e3i ngay th\u00bcng, kh\u00abng che gi\u00cau khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, kh\u00abng ham vi\u00d6c d\u00d4, tr\u00b8nh vi\u00d6c kh\u00e3, bao gi\u00ea c\u00f2ng ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t l\u00b5m theo m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, v\u00ab lu\u00cbn ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh th\u00d5 n\u00b5o, l\u00dfng h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng thay \u00ae\u00e6i, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u00d5, d\u00ef c\u00abng t\u00b8c k\u00d0m m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t. Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00eb \u00ae\u00eai, ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 ch\u00e7 t\u00e8t v\u00b5 ch\u00e7 x\u00cau. Ta ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o n\u00a9ng cao ch\u00e7 t\u00e8t, kh\u00d0o s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ch\u00e7 x\u00cau cho h\u00e4. b) Kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - L\u00f3c d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9, nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b9m v\u00b5o nh\u00f7ng ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh sau \u00ae\u00a9y: 1. Ham d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00b5 con, anh em quen bi\u00d5t, b\u00c7u b\u00b9n, cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5 ch\u00bec ch\u00ben h\u00acn ng\u2212\u00eai ngo\u00b5i. 2. Ham d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng k\u00ce kh\u00d0o n\u00denh h\u00e3t m\u00d7nh, m\u00b5 ch\u00b8n gh\u00d0t nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00ddnh tr\u00f9c. 3. Ham d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00ddnh t\u00d7nh h\u00eep v\u00edi m\u00d7nh, m\u00b5 tr\u00b8nh nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00ddnh t\u00d7nh kh\u00abng h\u00eep v\u00edi m\u00d7nh.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 319 V\u00d7 nh\u00f7ng b\u00d6nh \u00ae\u00e3, k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kia \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m b\u00cby, m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng c\u00f8 bao dung, che ch\u00eb, b\u00b6o h\u00e9, khi\u00d5n cho ch\u00f3ng c\u00b5ng ng\u00b5y c\u00b5ng h\u2212 h\u00e1ng. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00ddnh tr\u00f9c th\u00d7 b\u00edi l\u00abng t\u00d7m v\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00b6 th\u00ef. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5, c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan l\u00b5 h\u00e1ng c\u00b6 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, h\u00e1ng c\u00b6 danh gi\u00b8 c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Th\u00d5 n\u00b5o l\u00b5 d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00f3ng? - M\u00d7nh ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00e9 l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i th\u00d7 m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch ch\u00dd c\u00abng v\u00ab t\u2212, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00b5nh ki\u00d5n, khi\u00d5n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00e1i b\u00de b\u00e1 r\u00aci. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 tinh th\u00c7n r\u00e9ng r\u00b7i, m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 g\u00c7n g\u00f4i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00d7nh kh\u00abng \u2212a. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00deu kh\u00e3 d\u00b9y b\u00b6o, m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 n\u00a9ng \u00ae\u00ec nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00dfn k\u00d0m, gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. - Ph\u00b6i s\u00b8ng su\u00e8t, m\u00edi kh\u00e1i b\u00de b\u00e4n vu v\u00ac bao v\u00a9y, m\u00b5 c\u00b8ch xa c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 vui v\u00ce, th\u00a9n m\u00cbt, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00edi vui l\u00dfng g\u00c7n g\u00f4i m\u00d7nh. M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch kh\u00d0o d\u00efng c\u00b8n b\u00e9, c\u00e8t \u00ae\u00d3 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. N\u00d5u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 \u00fd hoang mang, s\u00ee h\u00b7i, bu\u00e5n r\u00c7u, u\u00cat \u00f8c, ho\u00c6c c\u00abng t\u00b8c kh\u00abng h\u00eep, ch\u00bec kh\u00abng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, mu\u00e8n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, ph\u00b6i khi\u00d5n cho h\u00e4 y\u00aan t\u00a9m l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, vui th\u00f3 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. Mu\u00e8n nh\u2212 th\u00d5, ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m n\u00b5y: 1. Khi\u00d5n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00b6 gan n\u00e3i, c\u00b6 gan \u00ae\u00d2 ra \u00fd ki\u00d5n. Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh t\u00e8t hay x\u00cau, kh\u00abng g\u00d7 b\u00bbng khuy\u00aan c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00d7nh m\u00b9nh b\u00b9o \u00ae\u00d2 ra \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5, ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng kh\u00abng ph\u00b9m g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d5n uy t\u00ddn c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o m\u00b5 l\u00b9i t\u00e1 ra d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 th\u00cbt th\u00b5 trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. N\u00d5u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng n\u00e3i n\u00a8ng, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d2 \u00fd ki\u00d5n, kh\u00abng ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, th\u00cbm ch\u00dd l\u00b9i t\u00a9ng b\u00e8c m\u00d7nh, th\u00d5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t hi\u00d6n t\u2212\u00eeng r\u00cat x\u00cau.","320 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP V\u00d7 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i h\u00e4 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 n\u00e3i, nh\u2212ng v\u00d7 h\u00e4 kh\u00abng d\u00b8m n\u00e3i, h\u00e4 s\u00ee. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 m\u00cat h\u00d5t d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 n\u00e9i b\u00e9 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00a9m u, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 tr\u00eb n\u00aan nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8i m\u00b8y, trong l\u00dfng u\u00cat \u00f8c, kh\u00abng d\u00b8m n\u00e3i ra, do u\u00cat \u00f8c m\u00b5 ho\u00b8 ra o\u00b8n gh\u00d0t, ch\u00b8n n\u00b6n. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b5 mu\u00e8n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00abng t\u00b8c cho gi\u00e1i th\u00d7 sao \u00ae\u2212\u00eec? 2. Khi\u00d5n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 gan ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch, c\u00e3 gan l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. C\u00e8 nhi\u00aan vi\u00d6c hay hay d\u00eb, m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n do c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00f1 n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c hay kh\u00abng. Nh\u2212ng m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n c\u00f2ng do c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng hay kh\u00abng. N\u00a8ng l\u00f9c c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n do t\u00f9 nhi\u00aan m\u00b5 c\u00e3 m\u00b5 m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n l\u00edn do c\u00abng t\u00b8c, do t\u00cbp luy\u00d6n m\u00b5 c\u00e3. L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o kh\u00d0o, t\u00b5i nh\u00e1 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ho\u00b8 ra t\u00b5i to. L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o kh\u00abng kh\u00d0o, t\u00b5i to c\u00f2ng ho\u00b8 ra t\u00b5i nh\u00e1. Khi giao c\u00abng t\u00b8c cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1. V\u00b9ch r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d3m ch\u00ddnh, v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n c\u00e3 th\u00d3 x\u00b6y ra. Nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh r\u00e5i, th\u00b6 cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5m, khuy\u00aan g\u00beng h\u00e4 c\u00f8 c\u00b6 gan m\u00b5 l\u00b5m. C\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i, khi chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt v\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh r\u00e5i, v\u00de T\u00e6ng t\u2212 l\u00d6nh kh\u00abng c\u00c7n nh\u00f3ng v\u00b5o nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 l\u00c6t v\u00c6t. Ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00d3 cho c\u00b8c c\u00cap ch\u00d8 huy c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n \\\"tu\u00fa c\u00ac \u00f8ng bi\u00d5n\\\", m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00f2ng nh\u00f3ng v\u00b5o, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 m\u00e9t c\u00b8i m\u00b8y, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng ch\u00ea m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, sinh ra \u00fb l\u00b9i, m\u00cat h\u00d5t s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n. Tr\u2212\u00edc khi trao c\u00abng t\u00b8c, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i b\u00b5n k\u00fc v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9. N\u00d5u h\u00e4 g\u00b8nh kh\u00abng n\u00e6i, ch\u00ed mi\u00d4n c\u2212\u00ecng trao vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 cho h\u00e4. Khi \u00ae\u00b7 trao cho h\u00e4 ph\u00b6i ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n tin h\u00e4. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan s\u00edm ra l\u00d6nh n\u00b5y, tr\u2212a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00d6nh kh\u00b8c. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng tin c\u00b8n b\u00e9, s\u00ee h\u00e4 l\u00b5m kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, r\u00e5i vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng nh\u00f3ng v\u00b5o. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 th\u00b5nh ch\u00f8ng bao bi\u00d6n, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c v\u00c9n kh\u00abng xong. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 th\u00d7 v\u00ac v\u00c8n c\u00b6 ng\u00b5y, bu\u00e5n r\u00c7u, n\u00b6n ch\u00dd. Ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00b5o t\u00b9o m\u00e9t m\u00ed c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch, c\u00e3 gan l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, ham l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c. C\u00e3 th\u00d5 \u00a7\u00b6ng m\u00edi th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00b5o t\u00b9o m\u00e9t m\u00ed c\u00b8n b\u00e9 nh\u00b8t gan, d\u00d4 b\u00b6o \\\"\u00ae\u00cbp \u00aei, h\u00df \u00ae\u00f8ng\\\", kh\u00abng d\u00b8m ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c th\u00cat b\u00b9i cho \u00a7\u00b6ng.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 321 3. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan t\u00f9 t\u00abn, t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00b9i, m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i nghe, ph\u00b6i h\u00e1i \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi. N\u00d5u \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00f3ng, ta ph\u00b6i nghe theo, khuy\u00aan h\u00e4 th\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00d2 th\u00aam \u00fd ki\u00d5n, \u00ae\u00d3 n\u00a9ng tinh th\u00c7n v\u00b5 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a h\u00e4. N\u00d5u \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a h\u00e4 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, ta n\u00aan d\u00efng th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00a9n thi\u00d5t, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho h\u00e4 hi\u00d3u. Quy\u00d5t kh\u00abng n\u00aan ph\u00efng mang tr\u00een m\u00bet, qu\u00eb tr\u00b8ch, gi\u00d4u c\u00eet h\u00e4. N\u00d5u h\u00e4 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh ta, ta ph\u00b6i vui v\u00ce th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan t\u00e1 v\u00ce b\u00cat b\u00d7nh, \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00c7n sau h\u00e4 kh\u00abng d\u00b8m ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh n\u00f7a. N\u00d5u c\u00e3 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng y\u00aan t\u00a9m l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, ta ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t r\u00e2 c\u00b8i ch\u00e7 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng c\u00f1a ta, \u00ae\u00d3 thuy\u00d5t ph\u00f4c v\u00b5 khuy\u00aan g\u00beng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3. N\u00d5u v\u00d7 c\u00abng t\u00b8c kh\u00abng h\u00eep v\u00edi n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c c\u00f1a h\u00e4, ph\u00b6i t\u00d7m c\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u00ddch h\u00eep h\u00acn cho h\u00e4 l\u00b5m. c) Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 gan c\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - C\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i v\u00d7 c\u00abng t\u00b8c, t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng, v\u00d7 c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00e9ng cho \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kh\u00b8c th\u00aam h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ch\u00b9y. N\u00d5u v\u00d7 l\u00dfng y\u00aau gh\u00d0t, v\u00d7 th\u00a9n th\u00ddch, v\u00d7 n\u00d3 nang, nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh kh\u00abng ai ph\u00f4c, m\u00b5 g\u00a9y n\u00aan m\u00e8i l\u00abi th\u00abi trong \u00a7\u00b6ng. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 c\u00e3 t\u00e9i v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00e3 t\u00e9i v\u00edi \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o. Tr\u2212\u00edc khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ph\u00b6i nh\u00cbn x\u00d0t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng. Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng xem x\u00d0t c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4, m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t c\u00b8ch sinh ho\u00b9t c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng xem x\u00d0t c\u00b8ch vi\u00d5t, c\u00b8ch n\u00e3i c\u00f1a h\u00e4, m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i xem x\u00d0t vi\u00d6c l\u00b5m c\u00f1a h\u00e4 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng v\u00edi l\u00eai n\u00e3i, b\u00b5i vi\u00d5t c\u00f1a h\u00e4 hay kh\u00abng. Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng xem x\u00d0t h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ta th\u00d5 n\u00b5o, m\u00b5 c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i xem x\u00d0t h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. Ta nh\u00cbn h\u00e4 t\u00e8t, c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t s\u00e8 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd c\u00e3 nh\u00cbn h\u00e4 t\u00e8t hay kh\u00abng. Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a h\u00e4, m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a h\u00e4, kh\u00abng n\u00aan ch\u00d8 xem c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 trong m\u00e9t l\u00f3c, m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i xem c\u00b6 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a h\u00e4 t\u00f5 tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5n nay. Bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9, m\u00edi c\u00e3 th\u00d3 c\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00f3ng m\u00f9c.","322 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP C\u00cat nh\u00bec c\u00b8n b\u00e9, kh\u00abng n\u00aan l\u00b5m nh\u2212 \\\"gi\u00b7 g\u00b9o\\\". Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 tr\u2212\u00edc khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec kh\u00abng xem x\u00d0t k\u00fc. Khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec r\u00e5i kh\u00abng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec h\u00e4. Khi h\u00e4 sai l\u00c7m th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00c8y xu\u00e8ng, ch\u00ea l\u00f3c h\u00e4 l\u00b5m kh\u00b8, l\u00b9i c\u00cat nh\u00bec l\u00aan. M\u00e9t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 b\u00de nh\u00bec l\u00aan th\u00b6 xu\u00e8ng ba l\u00c7n nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 h\u00e1ng c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00eai. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9, ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng ph\u00b6i xem x\u00d0t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng tr\u2212\u00edc khi c\u00cat nh\u00bec. M\u00b5 sau khi \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00cat nh\u00bec ph\u00b6i gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec h\u00e4, khuy\u00aan g\u00beng h\u00e4, vun tr\u00e5ng l\u00dfng t\u00f9 tin, t\u00f9 tr\u00e4ng c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 l\u00dfng t\u00f9 tr\u00e4ng, t\u00f9 tin. Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00dfng t\u00f9 tr\u00e4ng, t\u00f9 tin l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00ab d\u00f4ng. Nh\u2212ng khoe khoang, ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 t\u00f9 tr\u00e4ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t ch\u00f8ng b\u00d6nh. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i t\u00abn tr\u00e4ng l\u00dfng t\u00f9 tin, t\u00f9 tr\u00e4ng c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd m\u00d7nh. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00d3 sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m tr\u00eb n\u00aan to t\u00b8t r\u00e5i m\u00edi \u00aeem ra \\\"ch\u00d8nh\\\" m\u00e9t l\u00c7n, th\u00d5 l\u00b5 \\\"\u00ae\u00cbp\\\" c\u00b8n b\u00e9. C\u00b8n b\u00e9 b\u00de \\\"\u00ae\u00cbp\\\", m\u00cat c\u00b6 l\u00dfng t\u00f9 tin, ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f2ng ho\u00b8 th\u00b5nh n\u00b6n ch\u00dd, t\u00f5 n\u00b6n ch\u00dd \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00ab d\u00f4ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby h\u00d4 th\u00cay c\u00b8n b\u00e9 sai l\u00c7m, ph\u00b6i l\u00cbp t\u00f8c s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ngay. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng vi\u00d6c to qu\u00b8, h\u00e4 l\u00b5m kh\u00abng n\u00e6i, t\u00e8t nh\u00cat l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e6i vi\u00d6c kh\u00b8c cho th\u00ddch h\u00eep v\u00edi h\u00e4, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00c7n cho h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t v\u00d7 h\u00e4 kh\u00abng l\u00b5m n\u00e6i vi\u00d6c kia. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f7 l\u00dfng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a h\u00e4, \u00ae\u00d3 cho h\u00e4 kh\u00e1i n\u00b6n l\u00dfng. d) Y\u00aau th\u2212\u00acng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 - Kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i v\u00b5i ba th\u00b8ng, ho\u00c6c v\u00b5i ba n\u00a8m, m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b5o t\u00b9o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 t\u00e8t. Nh\u2212ng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i c\u00abng t\u00b8c, tranh \u00ae\u00cau, hu\u00can luy\u00d6n l\u00a9u n\u00a8m m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, trong l\u00f3c tranh \u00ae\u00cau, r\u00cat d\u00d4 m\u00cat m\u00e9t ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau c\u00b8n b\u00e9. Nh\u2212ng th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 v\u00e7 v\u00d2, nu\u00abng chi\u00d2u, th\u00b6 m\u00c6c. Th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau l\u00b5 gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp th\u00aam, ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 th\u00aam. L\u00b5 gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n sinh ho\u00b9t, ng\u00b5y th\u2212\u00eang th\u00d7 \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n d\u00d4 ch\u00deu, khi \u00aeau \u00e8m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ch\u00a8m nom, gia \u00ae\u00d7nh h\u00e4 kh\u00e1i kh\u00e8n qu\u00c9n, v.v..","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - IV. V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 323 Th\u2212\u00acng y\u00aau l\u00b5 lu\u00abn lu\u00abn ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4, ki\u00d3m th\u00b6o h\u00e4. H\u00d4 th\u00cay khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m th\u00d7 gi\u00f3p cho h\u00e4 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a ngay, \u00ae\u00d3 vun tr\u00e5ng c\u00b8i th\u00e3i c\u00e3 gan ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch, c\u00b6 gan l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a h\u00e4. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, ph\u00b6i n\u00aau r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m, nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f1a h\u00e4. L\u00b5m th\u00d5 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 ki\u00aau c\u00a8ng, m\u00b5 c\u00e8t l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 th\u00aam h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, th\u00aam g\u00beng s\u00f8c. Ph\u00b6i vun \u00ae\u00bep ch\u00dd kh\u00dd c\u00f1a h\u00e4, \u00ae\u00d3 \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e7 \\\"b\u00b9i c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng n\u00b6n, th\u00beng c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ki\u00aau\\\". L\u00f3c ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh h\u00e4, ta ch\u00ed c\u00e3 th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 gay g\u00bet. L\u00f3c khen ng\u00eei h\u00e4, ta ph\u00b6i cho h\u00e4 hi\u00d3u r\u00bbng: n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c c\u00f1a m\u00e7i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u c\u00e3 gi\u00edi h\u00b9n, tuy c\u00e3 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng c\u00f2ng ch\u00ed ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o. Ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o l\u00b5 b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00f1a th\u00cat b\u00b9i. \u00ae) \u00a7\u00e8i nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 sai l\u00c7m - Ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00eai ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. C\u00e3 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c th\u00d7 c\u00e3 sai l\u00c7m. Ch\u00f3ng ta kh\u00abng s\u00ee c\u00e3 sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, ch\u00d8 s\u00ee kh\u00abng ch\u00deu c\u00e8 g\u00beng s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. V\u00b5 c\u00b5ng s\u00ee nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p c\u00b8n b\u00e9 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a sai l\u00c7m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m. Tr\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e8 \u00fd ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i, ngo\u00b5i ra kh\u00abng ai c\u00e8 \u00fd sai l\u00c7m, sai l\u00c7m l\u00b5 v\u00d7 kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u, kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 b\u00de sai l\u00c7m, ta quy\u00d5t kh\u00abng n\u00aan nh\u00cbn r\u00bbng h\u00e4 mu\u00e8n nh\u2212 th\u00d5, m\u00b5 c\u00abng k\u00ddch h\u00e4. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, ta ph\u00b6i d\u00efng th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00a9n thi\u00d5t, gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 t\u00d7m ra c\u00b8i c\u00ed v\u00d7 sao m\u00b5 sai l\u00c7m? Sai l\u00c7m nh\u2212 th\u00d5, s\u00cf c\u00e3 h\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5n c\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? L\u00b5m th\u00d5 n\u00b5o m\u00b5 s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a? T\u00e3m l\u00b9i, ph\u00b6i ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. Mu\u00e8n h\u00e4 th\u00b5nh t\u00a9m s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a, ph\u00b6i gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 t\u00f9 tr\u00abng th\u00cay, t\u00f9 nh\u00cbn r\u00e2 s\u00f9 sai l\u00c7m \u00ae\u00e3, l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 vui l\u00dfng s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i b\u00de c\u2212\u00ecng b\u00f8c m\u00b5 s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i. S\u00f9 s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan l\u00b5 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e3. Nh\u2212ng m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 tr\u00b8ch nhi\u00d6m c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. S\u00f6a ch\u00f7a sai l\u00c7m, c\u00e8 nhi\u00aan c\u00c7n d\u00efng c\u00b8ch gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch thuy\u00d5t ph\u00f4c, c\u00b6m ho\u00b8, d\u00b9y b\u00b6o. Song kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i tuy\u00d6t nhi\u00aan kh\u00abng d\u00efng","324 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP x\u00f6 ph\u00b9t. L\u00c7m l\u00e7i c\u00e3 vi\u00d6c to, vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1. N\u00d5u nh\u00cat lu\u00cbt kh\u00abng x\u00f6 ph\u00b9t th\u00d7 s\u00cf m\u00cat c\u00b6 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, th\u00d7 s\u00cf m\u00eb \u00ae\u2212\u00eang cho b\u00e4n c\u00e8 \u00fd ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n kh\u00abng d\u00efng x\u00f6 ph\u00b9t l\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng. M\u00b5 ch\u00f3t g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d5n x\u00f6 ph\u00b9t c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ph\u00a9n t\u00b8ch r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng c\u00b8i c\u00ed sai l\u00c7m, ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t k\u00fc l\u2212\u00ecng vi\u00d6c n\u00c6ng hay nh\u00d1, ph\u00b6i d\u00efng x\u00f6 ph\u00b9t cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u trong s\u00f9 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng vi\u00d6c. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00e3 kh\u00d0o, c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng th\u00d7 m\u00edi th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nguy\u00aan t\u00bec: \\\"V\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh m\u00e4i vi\u00d6c\\\". Ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh cho \u00ae\u00f3ng, ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng kh\u00abng l\u00b5m gi\u00b6m th\u00d3 di\u00d6n v\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9, c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, c\u00dfn l\u00b5m cho s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o m\u00b9nh m\u00cf h\u00acn, thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c h\u00acn, do \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn v\u00b5 th\u00d3 di\u00d6n c\u00b5ng t\u00a8ng th\u00aam.","325 V C\u00b8CH L\u00b7NH \u00a7\u00b9O 1. L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t \\\"Ch\u00bcng nh\u00f7ng ph\u00b6i l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, m\u00b5 l\u00b9i ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c h\u00e1i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng\\\". C\u00a9u \u00ae\u00e3 ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 g\u00d7? Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5: ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o kh\u00abng n\u00aan ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, m\u00b5 n\u00aan hi\u00d3u th\u00cau. S\u00f9 hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00f1 cho s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ngo\u00b5i kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00dfn ph\u00b6i d\u00efng kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, \u00ae\u00d3 th\u00aam cho kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 m\u00e9t gi\u00a9y, m\u00e9t ph\u00f3t c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 gi\u00b6m b\u00edt m\u00e8i li\u00aan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a ta v\u00b5 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i l\u00beng tai nghe \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \\\"kh\u00abng quan tr\u00e4ng\\\". L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? C\u00e8 nhi\u00aan, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i c\u00f8 ng\u00e5i trong ph\u00dfng gi\u00cay m\u00b5 vi\u00d5t k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, ra m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh. L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng ngh\u00dca l\u00b5: 1. Ph\u00b6i quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh m\u00e4i v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n th\u00d5 th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh ph\u00b6i so s\u00b8nh kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. V\u00d7 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng ch\u00ddnh l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00f9ng c\u00b8i k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 c\u00f1a s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a ta. 2. Ph\u00b6i t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c s\u00f9 thi h\u00b5nh cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n v\u00cby, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng gi\u00f3p s\u00f8c th\u00d7 kh\u00abng xong. 3. Ph\u00b6i t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c s\u00f9 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t, m\u00b5 mu\u00e8n ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t \u00ae\u00f3ng th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng gi\u00f3p m\u00edi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ch\u00d8 tr\u00abng th\u00cay m\u00e9t m\u00c6t c\u00f1a c\u00abng vi\u00d6c,","326 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP c\u00f1a s\u00f9 thay \u00ae\u00e6i c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai: tr\u00abng t\u00f5 tr\u00aan xu\u00e8ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby s\u00f9 tr\u00abng th\u00cay c\u00e3 h\u00b9n. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i, d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng tr\u00abng th\u00cay c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, s\u00f9 thay \u00ae\u00e6i c\u00f1a m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai, m\u00e9t m\u00c6t kh\u00b8c: h\u00e4 tr\u00abng th\u00cay t\u00f5 d\u2212\u00edi l\u00aan. N\u00aan s\u00f9 tr\u00abng th\u00cay c\u00f2ng c\u00e3 h\u00b9n. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, mu\u00e8n gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 cho \u00ae\u00f3ng, \u00bet ph\u00b6i h\u00e4p kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b6 hai b\u00aan l\u00b9i. Mu\u00e8n nh\u2212 th\u00d5, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00bet ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 m\u00e8i li\u00aan h\u00d6 ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf gi\u00f7a m\u00d7nh v\u00edi c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp ng\u2212\u00eai, v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Gi\u00f7 ch\u00c6t m\u00e8i li\u00aan h\u00d6 v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 lu\u00abn lu\u00abn l\u00beng tai nghe \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 n\u00d2n t\u00b6ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 nh\u00ea \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng th\u00beng l\u00eei. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, c\u00b8ch xa d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00abng li\u00aan h\u00d6 ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00f8ng l\u00ac l\u00f6ng gi\u00f7a tr\u00eai, nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00cat b\u00b9i. Ch\u00e4n ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5 thay ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 quan tr\u00e4ng trong vi\u00d6c l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00bec ph\u00b6i b\u00d6nh quan li\u00aau, b\u00d6nh b\u00b5n gi\u00cay, kh\u00abng l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec vi\u00d6c, ph\u00b6i th\u00b6i \u00aei. Ngo\u00b5i ra c\u00dfn c\u00e3 hai h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai, c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ch\u00f3 \u00fd: M\u00e9t l\u00b5 c\u00e3 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00cby m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 \\\"c\u00abng th\u00c7n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng\\\", r\u00e5i \u00ae\u00a9m ra ngang t\u00b5ng, kh\u00abng gi\u00f7 g\u00d7n k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, kh\u00abng thi h\u00b5nh ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 h\u00e4 ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, h\u00e4 ph\u00b8 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. C\u00c7n ph\u00b6i m\u00eai c\u00b8c \u00abng \u00ae\u00e3 xu\u00e8ng c\u00abng t\u00b8c h\u00b9 t\u00c7ng, kh\u00d0p h\u00e4 v\u00b5o k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00f7a t\u00ddnh ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, th\u00e3i quan li\u00aau cho h\u00e4 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng k\u00fb lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. Hai l\u00b5 h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00e3i su\u00abng. H\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5y tuy l\u00b5 th\u00cbt th\u00b5, trung th\u00b5nh, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng c\u00e3 n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t n\u00e3i su\u00abng. M\u00e9t th\u00dd d\u00f4: h\u00abm n\u00e4 t\u00abi h\u00e1i m\u00e9t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 L: - M\u00efa m\u00b5ng n\u00a8m nay th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? L tr\u00b6 l\u00eai: Vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 t\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n r\u00e5i.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - V. c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o 327 H\u00e1i: R\u00e5i sao n\u00f7a? L tr\u00b6 l\u00eai: T\u00abi \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00b5y t\u00e1 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch r\u00cat \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1. H\u00e1i: R\u00e5i sao n\u00f7a? L tr\u00b6 l\u00eai: C\u00abng t\u00b8c xem ch\u00f5ng kh\u00b8. H\u00e1i: R\u00e5i sao n\u00f7a? L tr\u00b6 l\u00eai: Ch\u00bec l\u00b5 c\u00e3 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9. H\u00e1i: N\u00e3i t\u00e3m l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00b5y c\u00cay \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00cay m\u00c9u? L tr\u00b6 l\u00eai: \u00eb v\u00efng ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi, c\u00b5y c\u00cay hi\u00d6n nay ch\u2212a \u00ae\u00a9u ra \u00ae\u00a9u c\u00b6! Trong \u00a7\u00b6ng ta, c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u00d5. Ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t n\u00e3i l\u00b5 n\u00e3i, n\u00e3i gi\u00ea n\u00b5y qua gi\u00ea kh\u00b8c, ng\u00b5y n\u00b5y qua ng\u00b5y kh\u00b8c. Nh\u2212ng m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u00d5 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 d\u00efng v\u00b5o c\u00abng vi\u00d6c th\u00f9c t\u00d5. Mu\u00e8n ch\u00e8ng b\u00d6nh quan li\u00aau, b\u00d6nh b\u00b5n gi\u00cay; mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t c\u00b8c ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thi h\u00b5nh kh\u00abng, thi h\u00b5nh c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng kh\u00abng; mu\u00e8n bi\u00d5t ai ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m, ai l\u00b5m qua chuy\u00d6n, ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch, l\u00b5 kh\u00d0o ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t. Ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t kh\u00d0o, bao nhi\u00aau khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m l\u00dfi ra h\u00d5t, h\u00acn n\u00f7a ki\u00d3m tra kh\u00d0o v\u00d2 sau khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh b\u00edt \u00aei. Song, mu\u00e8n ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 t\u00e8t, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 hai \u00aei\u00d2u: m\u00e9t l\u00b5 vi\u00d6c ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng, ph\u00b6i th\u2212\u00eang l\u00b5m. Hai l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai r\u00cat c\u00e3 uy t\u00ddn. Ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00b8ch th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? C\u00e8 nhi\u00aan, kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i c\u00f8 ng\u00e5i trong ph\u00dfng gi\u00cay m\u00b5 ch\u00ea ng\u2212\u00eai ta b\u00b8o c\u00b8o, m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00aei t\u00cbn n\u00aci, xem t\u00cbn ch\u00e7. V\u00d7 ba \u00aei\u00d2u m\u00b5 c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t nh\u2212 th\u00d5: 1. C\u00e3 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00edi bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan t\u00e8t hay x\u00cau. 2. M\u00edi bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan. 3. M\u00edi bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00b5 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m c\u00f1a c\u00b8c m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh v\u00b5 ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t.","328 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00e3 hai c\u00b8ch: M\u00e9t c\u00b8ch l\u00b5 t\u00f5 tr\u00aan xu\u00e8ng. T\u00f8c l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a c\u00b8n b\u00e9 m\u00d7nh. M\u00e9t c\u00b8ch n\u00f7a l\u00b5 t\u00f5 d\u2212\u00edi l\u00aan. T\u00f8c l\u00b5 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t s\u00f9 sai l\u00c7m c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 b\u00b5y t\u00e1 c\u00b8i c\u00b8ch s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a s\u00f9 sai l\u00c7m \u00ae\u00e3. C\u00b8ch n\u00b5y l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch t\u00e8t nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00d3 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00b8c nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan. C\u00dfn \u00eb trong \u00a7\u00b6ng, khi khai h\u00e9i, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan nghe nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o b\u00b8o c\u00b8o c\u00abng vi\u00d6c, c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, c\u00f6 ho\u00c6c kh\u00abng c\u00f6 \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd n\u00e4 ho\u00c6c \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd kia v\u00b5o c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t theo nguy\u00aan t\u00bec d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 t\u00cbp trung, ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 t\u00f9 ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh, nh\u00f7ng nguy\u00aan t\u00bec m\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh tri\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d3. \u00eb qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, khai h\u00e9i, ph\u00aa b\u00d7nh v\u00b5 b\u00b5y t\u00e1 \u00fd ki\u00d5n, b\u00c7u c\u00f6 c\u00b8c \u00f1y ban, c\u00b8c h\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng, v.v.; \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8ch qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. 2. L\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o th\u00d5 n\u00b5o? B\u00cat k\u00fa c\u00abng vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i d\u00efng hai c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o sau \u00ae\u00a9y: m\u00e9t l\u00b5 li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung v\u00edi s\u00f9 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang. Hai l\u00b5 li\u00aan h\u00eep ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Th\u00d5 n\u00b5o l\u00b5 li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung v\u00edi ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang? B\u00cat k\u00fa vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung, k\u00aau g\u00e4i chung, kh\u00abng th\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan kh\u00bep qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Song, n\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ch\u00d8 l\u00b5m chung, l\u00b5m kh\u00bep c\u00b6 m\u00e9t l\u00f3c, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p nh\u00bbm m\u00e9t n\u00aci n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3, th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh cho k\u00fa \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, r\u00e5i l\u00cay kinh nghi\u00d6m n\u00aci \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci kh\u00b8c, th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 bi\u00d5t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00f3ng hay sai. C\u00f2ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho n\u00e9i dung c\u00f1a ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1, thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: vi\u00d6c ch\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00e8n \u00a7\u00b6ng. Ngo\u00b5i nh\u00f7ng k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch chung v\u00d2 vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00e7i c\u00ac quan ho\u00c6c m\u00e7i b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ph\u00b6i ch\u00e4n v\u00b5i ba b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn trong c\u00ac quan hay b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i m\u00d7nh, nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng v\u00b5 xem x\u00d0t k\u00fc l\u2212\u00ecng s\u00f9 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n (c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ch\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00e8n \u00a7\u00b6ng) trong nh\u00f7ng b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e3.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - V. c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o 329 \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai, trong v\u00b5i ba b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e3, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o l\u00b9i ch\u00e4n n\u00a8m, ba ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ki\u00d3u m\u00c9u, nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u k\u00fc c\u00b5ng l\u00dech s\u00f6 c\u00f1a h\u00e4, kinh nghi\u00d6m, t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, t\u00ddnh n\u00d5t c\u00f1a h\u00e4, s\u00f9 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp v\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c c\u00f1a h\u00e4. Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ph\u00b6i t\u00f9 m\u00d7nh ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch trong b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e3, gi\u00f3p h\u00e4 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 th\u00f9c t\u00d5, \u00ae\u00d3 r\u00f3t kinh nghi\u00d6m. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch trong m\u00e9t c\u00ac quan ho\u00c6c m\u00e9t b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i, c\u00f2ng ch\u00e4n v\u00b5i ba b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn, r\u00e5i c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m theo c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch v\u00f5a l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00f5a h\u00e4c t\u00cbp. B\u00cat k\u00fa ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o n\u00b5o, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng h\u00e4c t\u00cbp n\u00e6i nh\u00f7ng vi\u00d6c thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c c\u00f1a c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, \u00ae\u00d3 r\u00f3t kinh nghi\u00d6m, th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o chung cho t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn. M\u00e7i c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m theo c\u00b8ch n\u00b5y cho k\u00fa \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Th\u00d5 n\u00b5o l\u00b5 li\u00aan h\u00eep l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng? B\u00cat k\u00fa vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 (th\u00dd d\u00f4 vi\u00d6c ch\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00e8n \u00a7\u00b6ng), ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i l\u00b5m trung ki\u00aan cho s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan n\u00b5y ph\u00b6i m\u00cbt thi\u00d5t li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00abng vi\u00d6c m\u00edi th\u00b5nh. N\u00d5u ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 s\u00f9 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan, m\u00b5 kh\u00abng li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi s\u00f9 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan s\u00cf ph\u00b6i ch\u00b9y su\u00e8t ng\u00b5y m\u00b5 kh\u00abng k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 m\u00cay. N\u00d5u ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 s\u00f9 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 s\u00f9 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 d\u00d7u d\u00bet, th\u00d7 s\u00f9 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng s\u00cf kh\u00abng b\u00d2n v\u00b5 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 ti\u00d5n t\u00edi. B\u00cat k\u00fa n\u00aci n\u00b5o c\u00e3 qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, th\u00d7 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh c\u00e3 ba h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai: h\u00b9ng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, h\u00b9ng v\u00f5a v\u00f5a, v\u00b5 h\u00b9ng k\u00d0m. M\u00b5 trong ba h\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00e3, h\u00b9ng v\u00f5a v\u00f5a, h\u00b9ng \u00eb gi\u00f7a, nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn h\u00d5t, h\u00b9ng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i v\u00b5 h\u00b9ng k\u00d0m \u00ae\u00d2u \u00ddt h\u00acn. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o ph\u00b6i d\u00efng h\u00b9ng h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i l\u00b5m trung ki\u00aan","330 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP cho s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o, do trung ki\u00aan \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 n\u00a9ng cao h\u00b9ng v\u00f5a v\u00f5a v\u00b5 k\u00d0o h\u00b9ng k\u00d0m ti\u00d5n l\u00aan. Nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan \u00ae\u00e3 ph\u00b6i do c\u00abng t\u00b8c v\u00b5 tranh \u00ae\u00cau trong \u00ae\u00b8m qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 n\u00b6y n\u00eb ra, ch\u00f8 kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i t\u00f9 ngo\u00b5i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, xa c\u00b8ch qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 c\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. M\u00e7i cu\u00e9c tranh \u00ae\u00cau th\u2212\u00eang c\u00e3 ba giai \u00aeo\u00b9n, ba b\u2212\u00edc: b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u, b\u2212\u00edc gi\u00f7a v\u00b5 b\u2212\u00edc cu\u00e8i c\u00efng. Nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o trong m\u00e7i cu\u00e9c tranh \u00ae\u00cau, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng n\u00aan lu\u00abn lu\u00abn y nguy\u00aan nh\u2212 c\u00f2. Trong m\u00e7i giai \u00aeo\u00b9n, c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn c\u00cat nh\u00bec nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i trong giai \u00aeo\u00b9n \u00ae\u00e3, \u00ae\u00d3 thay th\u00d5 cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f2 b\u00de \u00ae\u00b5o th\u00b6i ho\u00c6c v\u00d7 t\u00b5i kh\u00abng x\u00f8ng ch\u00f8c, ho\u00c6c h\u00f1 ho\u00b8. Nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci c\u00abng vi\u00d6c kh\u00abng ch\u00b9y \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 nh\u00e3m l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o m\u00cbt thi\u00d5t li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: trong m\u00e9t tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c, n\u00d5u kh\u00abng c\u00e3 m\u00e9t nh\u00e3m th\u00c7y gi\u00b8o, ch\u00f8c vi\u00aan v\u00b5 h\u00e4c sinh h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i nh\u00cat trong tr\u2212\u00eang, t\u00f5 m\u2212\u00eai ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d5n v\u00b5i m\u2212\u00aci ng\u2212\u00eai, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t th\u00b5nh nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o, th\u00d7 c\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a tr\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00e3 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh u\u00d3 o\u00b6i. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, b\u00cat k\u00fa c\u00ac quan n\u00b5o, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i n\u00b5o, c\u00f2ng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i ch\u00e4n m\u00e9t nh\u00e3m ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, trung th\u00b5nh, c\u00e3 n\u00a8ng l\u00f9c, gi\u00f7 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t h\u00e4 th\u00b5nh nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. * ** S\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o trong m\u00e4i c\u00abng t\u00b8c thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, \u00bet ph\u00b6i t\u00f5 trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng ra, tr\u00eb l\u00b9i n\u00aci qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 gom g\u00e3p m\u00e4i \u00fd ki\u00d5n r\u00eai r\u00b9c, l\u00ce t\u00ce c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, r\u00e5i ph\u00a9n t\u00ddch n\u00e3, nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u n\u00e3, s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t n\u00e3 th\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00e3 h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng. R\u00e5i \u00aeem n\u00e3 tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, v\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho n\u00e3 th\u00b5nh \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, v\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh \u00fd ki\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai nh\u00a9n l\u00f3c qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh, ta xem x\u00d0t l\u00b9i, coi \u00fd ki\u00d5n \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f3ng hay kh\u00abng. R\u00e5i l\u00b9i t\u00cbp trung \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n nh\u00f7ng \u2212u \u00aei\u00d3m, s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - V. c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o 331 nh\u00f7ng khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch, l\u00b5m cho qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh. C\u00f8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b7i th\u00d7 l\u00c7n sau ch\u00bec \u00ae\u00f3ng m\u00f9c h\u00acn, ho\u00b9t b\u00b8t h\u00acn, \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 h\u00acn l\u00c7n tr\u2212\u00edc. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f9c k\u00fa t\u00e8t. V\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng ph\u00c7n t\u00f6 h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c h\u00e4 th\u00b5nh nh\u00e3m trung ki\u00aan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o, ho\u00c6c v\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m cho trung ki\u00aan \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00cbt thi\u00d5t li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, cho n\u00aan s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o xa r\u00eai qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng m\u00b5 sinh ra b\u00d6nh quan li\u00aau. V\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t gom g\u00e3p \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, cho n\u00aan \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o th\u00b5nh ra l\u00fd lu\u00cbn su\u00abng, kh\u00abng h\u00eep v\u00edi th\u00f9c t\u00d5. V\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung v\u00edi s\u00f9 thi\u00d5t th\u00f9c ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang (nh\u2212 m\u00f4c 2 \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e3i), cho n\u00aan ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch kh\u00abng c\u00e3 k\u00d5t qu\u00b6, m\u00b5 s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f2ng ho\u00b8 ra quan li\u00aau. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, trong c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ch\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00e8n \u00a7\u00b6ng, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong m\u00e4i c\u00abng vi\u00d6c kh\u00b8c, quy\u00d5t ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh c\u00b8ch li\u00aan h\u00eep s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng v\u00b5 li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung v\u00edi ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang. Ph\u00b6i d\u00efng c\u00b8ch \\\"t\u00f5 trong qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng ra, tr\u00eb l\u00b9i n\u00aci qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng\\\". Gom g\u00e3p \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m trong s\u00f9 ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o t\u00f5ng b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn, \u00aeem l\u00b5m \u00fd ki\u00d5n chung. R\u00e5i l\u00b9i \u00aeem \u00fd ki\u00d5n chung \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u00d3 th\u00dd nghi\u00d6m trong c\u00b8c b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn. R\u00e5i l\u00b9i \u00aeem kinh nghi\u00d6m chung v\u00b5 m\u00edi, \u00ae\u00f3c th\u00b5nh ch\u00d8 th\u00de m\u00edi. C\u00f8 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 m\u00b7i. Bi\u00d5t l\u00b5m nh\u2212 v\u00cby m\u00edi th\u00cbt l\u00b5 bi\u00d5t l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. * ** B\u00cat k\u00fa c\u00abng t\u00b8c g\u00d7, chi\u00d5n tranh, s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c, ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t, v.v., c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i kinh qua nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch chung c\u00f1a c\u00ac quan l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, m\u00e7i khi c\u00e3 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 li\u00aan quan \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e9t ng\u00b5nh ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 thu\u00e9c c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi. C\u00e3 nh\u2212 th\u00d5, m\u00edi \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ph\u00a9n c\u00abng m\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan m\u00e9t b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 thu\u00e9c c\u00cap tr\u00aan ch\u00d8 t\u00d7m th\u00bcng","332 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP d\u00e4c xu\u00e8ng b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn c\u00efng lo\u00b9i thu\u00e9c nh\u00f7ng c\u00ac quan c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi (nh\u2212 ban t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00cap tr\u00aan ch\u00d8 t\u00d7m ban t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, ban tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00cap tr\u00aan ch\u00d8 t\u00d7m ban tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, v.v.), \u00ae\u00d3 li\u00aan l\u00b9c ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o theo h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng d\u00e4c, th\u00b5nh th\u00f6 ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch chung thu\u00e9c c\u00ac quan c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi, nh\u2212 th\u2212 k\u00fd, ch\u00f1 t\u00dech, ch\u00f1 nhi\u00d6m, v.v., kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d5n, ho\u00c6c kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch. Ph\u00b6i cho c\u00b6 ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch chung v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn c\u00cap d\u2212\u00edi \u00ae\u00d2u bi\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch. M\u00e9t vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 do ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch chung ch\u00d8 huy, th\u00d7 nhi\u00d2u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ho\u00c6c t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00d2u ra l\u00b5m. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 tr\u00b8nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00b8i t\u00d6 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch, m\u00b5 m\u00e4i ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00d2u th\u00b5nh ra c\u00b8n b\u00e9 cho c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00e3 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch: ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Th\u00dd d\u00f4: vi\u00d6c ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t c\u00b8n b\u00e9 trong m\u00e9t tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00e4c. N\u00d5u ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00abng ho\u00c6c t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan v\u00b5 h\u00e4c sinh trong tr\u2212\u00eang tham gia c\u00abng vi\u00d6c ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t, m\u00b5 nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan trong ban ki\u00d3m tra c\u00cap tr\u00aan bi\u00d5t ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f3ng, theo c\u00b8ch \\\"l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng\\\", th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 t\u00e8t. B\u00cat k\u00fa \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng n\u00b5o, c\u00ac quan n\u00b5o, th\u2212\u00eang trong m\u00e9t l\u00f3c c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u c\u00abng vi\u00d6c tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u. Trong m\u00e9t th\u00eai gian \u00ae\u00e3, l\u00b9i c\u00e3 m\u00e9t vi\u00d6c tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u nh\u00cat v\u00b5 v\u00b5i ba vi\u00d6c tr\u00e4ng y\u00d5u v\u00f5a. Ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o trong \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng ho\u00c6c c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00e3 ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t k\u00fc ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh m\u00b5 s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t c\u00abng vi\u00d6c cho \u00ae\u00f3ng. Vi\u00d6c ch\u00ddnh, vi\u00d6c g\u00cap th\u00d7 l\u00b5m tr\u2212\u00edc. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan lu\u00e9m thu\u00e9m, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, g\u00c6p vi\u00d6c n\u00b5o, l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c \u00cay, th\u00b5nh th\u00f6 vi\u00d6c n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 vi\u00d6c ch\u00ddnh, l\u00e9n x\u00e9n, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 ng\u00a8n n\u00bep. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi m\u00e7i \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng, m\u00e7i c\u00ac quan, ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00cap tr\u00aan c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t cho r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh, ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh, v\u00b5 \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n c\u00b6 \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng ho\u00c6c c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00e3, m\u00b5 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 l\u00b5 vi\u00d6c ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a th\u00eai k\u00fa n\u00b5o. Khi \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh, th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh tri\u00d6t \u00ae\u00d3, cho \u00ae\u00b9t k\u00d5t qu\u00b6 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00denh. \u00a7\u00e3 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch \\\"l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng\\\", ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung li\u00aan h\u00eep v\u00edi ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang.","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - V. c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o 333 Tr\u00aan \u00ae\u00a9y l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng nguy\u00aan t\u00bec l\u00edn trong vi\u00d6c l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o. Nh\u00f7ng c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch ph\u00b6i theo nguy\u00aan t\u00bec \u00ae\u00e3, \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u00e8i \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00b5 l\u00b5m. \u00a7\u00e5ng th\u00eai ph\u00b6i ra s\u00f8c suy ngh\u00dc, t\u00d7m t\u00dfi, \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00a8ng th\u00aam s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. C\u00abng vi\u00d6c c\u00b5ng gay go th\u00d7 s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf v\u00edi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00b5ng ph\u00b6i li\u00aan h\u00eep ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch chung v\u00edi ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o ri\u00aang, \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b8 tan c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o l\u00ea m\u00ea, quan li\u00aau, ch\u00f1 quan, b\u00b5n gi\u00cay. 3. H\u00e4c h\u00e1i qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng theo \u00aeu\u00abi qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng D\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng r\u00cat kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o, r\u00cat h\u00a8ng h\u00b8i, r\u00cat anh h\u00efng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i h\u00e4c d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, ph\u00b6i h\u00e1i d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, m\u00e7i m\u00e9t kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u, m\u00e7i m\u00e9t c\u00abng t\u00b8c, m\u00e7i m\u00e9t ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng ta, ph\u00b6i d\u00f9a v\u00b5o \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, ph\u00b6i nghe theo nguy\u00d6n v\u00e4ng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. M\u00b5 mu\u00e8n hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t, h\u00e4c h\u00e1i d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, th\u00d7 \u00bet ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 nhi\u00d6t th\u00b5nh, c\u00e3 quy\u00d5t t\u00a9m, ph\u00b6i khi\u00aam t\u00e8n, ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu kh\u00e3. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng v\u00cby, th\u00d7 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng s\u00cf kh\u00abng tin ch\u00f3ng ta. Bi\u00d5t, h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng n\u00e3i. N\u00e3i, h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng n\u00e3i h\u00d5t l\u00eai. D\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00e5ng l\u00dfng, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. D\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng kh\u00abng \u00f1ng h\u00e9, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 l\u00b5m c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng n\u00aan. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng c\u00e3 hai c\u00b8ch: 1. L\u00b5m vi\u00d6c theo c\u00b8ch quan li\u00aau. C\u00b8i g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng d\u00efng m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh. \u00d0p d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng l\u00b5m. \u00a7\u00e3ng c\u00f6a l\u00b9i m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c6t k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, vi\u00d5t ch\u2212\u00acng tr\u00d7nh r\u00e5i \u00ae\u2212a ra c\u00e9t v\u00b5o c\u00e6 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, b\u00bet d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng theo. C\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 theo c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3. H\u00e4 c\u00dfn t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00bec r\u00bbng: l\u00b5m nh\u2212 th\u00d5, h\u00e4 v\u00c9n \\\"l\u00b5m tr\u00dfn nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4\\\", l\u00b5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec mau, l\u00b9i kh\u00abng r\u00c7y r\u00b5. H\u00e4 qu\u00aan r\u00bbng: \u00a7\u00b6ng ta v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c l\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7, c\u00f2ng v\u00d7 l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n m\u00b5 l\u00b5m. L\u00b5m theo c\u00b8ch quan li\u00aau \u00ae\u00e3, th\u00d7 d\u00a9n o\u00b8n. D\u00a9n o\u00b8n, d\u00ef t\u00b9m th\u00eai may c\u00e3 ch\u00f3t th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, nh\u2212ng v\u00d2 m\u00c6t ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, l\u00b5 th\u00cat b\u00b9i.","334 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 2. L\u00b5m theo c\u00b8ch qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng h\u00e1i \u00fd ki\u00d5n d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c. Gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2. \u00a7\u2212\u00eec d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00fd. Do d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng vui l\u00dfng ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m. Nh\u2212 th\u00d5 h\u00aci phi\u00d2n m\u00e9t ch\u00f3t, phi\u00d2n cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai bi\u00d5ng h\u00e4c h\u00e1i v\u00b5 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. Nh\u2212ng vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00e3i r\u00bbng: m\u00e4i vi\u00d6c h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b6ng, tr\u2212\u00edc Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f3ng, nh\u2212ng ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00f3ng m\u00e9t n\u00f6a. H\u00e4 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai h\u00e4 ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. M\u00b5 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n nhi\u00d2u h\u00acn ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, v\u00d7 \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00d7 d\u00a9n m\u00b5 l\u00b5m c\u00b8c vi\u00d6c, v\u00b5 c\u00f2ng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. V\u00d7 v\u00cby n\u00d5u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e8i l\u00cbp v\u00edi \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. N\u00d5u trong nh\u00f7ng ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch, nh\u00f7ng ch\u00d8 th\u00de, nh\u00f7ng kh\u00c8u hi\u00d6u c\u00f1a c\u00cap tr\u00aan, c\u00e3 g\u00d7 khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 tinh th\u00c7n ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de nh\u00f7ng ch\u00e7 n\u00aan s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i. Kh\u00abng l\u00b5m nh\u2212 v\u00cby, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c v\u00edi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. Tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng d\u00efng c\u00b8ch quan li\u00aau, c\u00f2ng ch\u00d8 ra m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, th\u00d5 l\u00b5 kh\u00abng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. Th\u00d5 l\u00b5 \u00aeem hai ch\u00f7 \\\"m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh\\\" l\u00b5m th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t b\u00f8c t\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00d3 t\u00b8ch r\u00eai \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00edi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, t\u00b8ch r\u00eai l\u00eei \u00ddch c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00edi ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. C\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00abng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c, kh\u00abng gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d3 cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng ph\u00b8t bi\u00d3u \u00fd ki\u00d5n, gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2, ch\u00d8 b\u00bet bu\u00e9c d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng l\u00b5m theo m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh. Th\u00cbm ch\u00dd khi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00d2 ra \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 n\u00aau r\u00e2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2, h\u00e4 c\u00f2ng t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch d\u00d7m \u00aei. H\u00e4 ch\u00d8 l\u00b5m theo \u00fd ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a h\u00e4. K\u00d5t qu\u00b6 l\u00b5m cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng nghi ng\u00ea, u\u00cat \u00f8c, b\u00cat m\u00b7n. L\u00b5m c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e3, th\u00d7 d\u00ef vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 l\u00eei cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, nh\u2212ng m\u00e9t l\u00b5","s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c - V. c\u00b8ch l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o 335 v\u00d7 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec n\u00aan l\u00b5m kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n. Hai l\u00b5 v\u00d7 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00de mi\u00d4n c\u2212\u00ecng, n\u00aan kh\u00abng vui l\u00dfng. Ba l\u00b5 v\u00d7 d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng kh\u00abng hi\u00d3u r\u00e2, n\u00aan vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec l\u00a9u d\u00b5i, b\u00d2n v\u00f7ng. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i h\u00e1i \u00fd ki\u00d5n d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c, v\u00b5 gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch cho d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai th\u2212\u00eang cho d\u00a9n l\u00b5 d\u00e8t kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t g\u00d7, m\u00d7nh l\u00b5 th\u00abng th\u00b8i t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, h\u00e4 kh\u00abng th\u00ccm h\u00e4c h\u00e1i d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00abng th\u00ccm b\u00b5n b\u00b9c v\u00edi d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00f9 sai l\u00c7m nguy hi\u00d3m l\u00bem. Ai c\u00e3 sai l\u00c7m \u00ae\u00e3, ph\u00b6i mau mau s\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i. N\u00d5u kh\u00abng s\u00cf lu\u00abn lu\u00abn th\u00cat b\u00b9i. Ch\u00f3ng ta ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00bbng: l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng nhi\u00d2u v\u00ab c\u00efng. Kinh nghi\u00d6m trong n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc t\u00e1 cho ch\u00f3ng ta bi\u00d5t: c\u00e3 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng vi\u00d6c to t\u00b8t m\u00cay, kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n m\u00cay l\u00b5m c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. Kh\u00abng c\u00e3, th\u00d7 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 l\u00b5m c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng xong. D\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng bi\u00d5t gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t nhi\u00d2u v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch gi\u00b6n \u00ae\u00acn, mau ch\u00e3ng, \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1, m\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i, nh\u00f7ng \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 to l\u00edn, ngh\u00dc m\u00b7i kh\u00abng ra. Kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng cho bi\u00d5t: n\u00aci n\u00b5o c\u00abng vi\u00d6c k\u00d0m, l\u00b5 v\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00b8ch xa d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, kh\u00abng c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c, kh\u00abng gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch. N\u00aci kha kh\u00b8, l\u00b5 v\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 bi\u00d5t gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch, bi\u00d5t c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c, nh\u2212ng ch\u2212a ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n. N\u00aci n\u00b5o kh\u00b8 l\u00bem l\u00b5 v\u00d7 vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 to nh\u00e1, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 c\u00f2ng bi\u00d5t gi\u00b6i th\u00ddch, bi\u00d5t c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng b\u00b5n b\u00b9c \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00aci \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00e8n, d\u00f9a v\u00b5o d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng. Mu\u00e8n d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng th\u00b5nh th\u00cbt b\u00b5y t\u00e1 \u00fd ki\u00d5n, c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ph\u00b6i th\u00b5nh t\u00a9m, ph\u00b6i ch\u00deu kh\u00e3, ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o kh\u00aci cho h\u00e4 n\u00e3i. Do \u00fd ki\u00d5n v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de l\u00ce t\u00ce c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, ta ph\u00b6i kh\u00d0o gom g\u00e3p l\u00b9i, s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t l\u00b9i cho c\u00e3 ng\u00a8n n\u00bep, th\u00f8 t\u00f9 r\u00e5i c\u00efng d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng ra s\u00f8c thi h\u00b5nh. Nh\u2212 v\u00cby, v\u00f5a n\u00a9ng cao tr\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e9 c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng, m\u00b5 c\u00f2ng n\u00a9ng cao kinh nghi\u00d6m c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. \u00a7\u00c6c \u00aei\u00d3m r\u00e2 nh\u00cat trong t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n ch\u00f3ng l\u00b5 h\u00e4 hay so s\u00b8nh. H\u00e4 so s\u00b8nh b\u00a9y gi\u00ea v\u00b5 h\u00e4 so s\u00b8nh th\u00eai k\u00fa \u00ae\u00b7 qua. H\u00e4 so s\u00b8nh"]