Hồ Chí Minh toàn tập - Tập 5

["686 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 247-SL, ng\u00b5y 14-10-1948, cho ph\u00d0p m\u00e9t ki\u00d2u d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00cbp qu\u00e8c t\u00dech Vi\u00d6t Nam. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 248-SL, ng\u00b5y 14-10-1948, t\u00c6ng Hu\u00a9n ch\u2212\u00acng Qu\u00a9n c\u00abng h\u00b9ng Ba cho Thi\u00d5u t\u2212\u00edng, C\u00f4c tr\u2212\u00ebng C\u00f4c Qu\u00a9n gi\u00edi Tr\u00c7n \u00a7\u00b9i Ngh\u00dca. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 249-SL, ng\u00b5y 14-10-1948, b\u00e6 nhi\u00d6m Khu tr\u2212\u00ebng, Khu ph\u00e3 Khu IX. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 250-SL, ng\u00b5y 14-10-1948, b\u00e6 nhi\u00d6m Li\u00aan Khu ph\u00e3 Li\u00aan khu I. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 252-SL, ng\u00b5y 22-10-1948, b\u00b7i ch\u00f8c Gi\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8c Ban ph\u00b8p ch\u00d5 B\u00e9 Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 253-SL, ng\u00b5y 22-10-1948, chu\u00c8n y \u00ae\u00d3 \u00abng L\u00aa Xu\u00a9n H\u2212u t\u00f5 ch\u00f8c Ph\u00e3 \u00a7\u00e6ng l\u00fd s\u00f9 v\u00f4 B\u00e9 Th\u2212\u00acng binh v\u00b5 C\u00f9u binh. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 254-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, quy \u00ae\u00denh v\u00d2 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c, nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4, quy\u00d2n h\u00b9n, c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, s\u00f9 ph\u00a9n c\u00abng c\u00f1a t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c c\u00cap. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 255-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, quy \u00ae\u00denh v\u00d2 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c c\u00f1a H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n v\u00b5 U\u00fb ban kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh trong v\u00efng \u00ae\u00dech t\u00b9m ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t ho\u00c6c uy hi\u00d5p. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 256-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, quy \u00ae\u00denh B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng Qu\u00e8c ph\u00dfng c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n ph\u00b8t h\u00b5nh \\\"Qu\u00a9n d\u00f4ng phi\u00d5u\\\" trong th\u00eai chi\u00d5n. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 257-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, c\u00cam m\u00e4i s\u00f9 t\u00ddch tr\u00f7 c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00ac h\u00b5ng ho\u00b8 thi\u00d5t y\u00d5u. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 257B-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, \u00can \u00ae\u00denh th\u00d3 l\u00d6 truy t\u00e8 t\u00e9i vi ph\u00b9m th\u00d3 l\u00d6 m\u00cbu d\u00dech v\u00edi v\u00efng \u00ae\u00dech t\u00b9m chi\u00d5m. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 258-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, quy \u00ae\u00denh t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng an qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8p. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 259-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, \u00can \u00ae\u00denh m\u00f8c sinh ho\u00b9t ph\u00dd t\u00e8i thi\u00d3u cho qu\u00a9n nh\u00a9n m\u00e7i ng\u00b5y v\u00b5 m\u00f8c ph\u00f4 c\u00cap h\u00b5ng th\u00b8ng (theo c\u00cap b\u00cbc). - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 260-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, b\u00e6 nhi\u00d6m \u00a7\u00e6ng l\u00fd v\u00a8n ph\u00dfng B\u00e9 Canh n\u00abng.","Danh m\u00f4c s\u00bec l\u00d6nh do ch\u00f1 t\u00dech h\u00e5 ch\u00dd minh k\u00fd... 687 - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 261-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, \u00can \u00ae\u00denh m\u00f8c l\u2212\u00acng cho nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ph\u00b6i c\u00abng ch\u00f8c \u00aeang l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c t\u00b9i c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan b\u00e9, k\u00fa, khu v\u00b5 t\u00d8nh. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 262-SL, ng\u00b5y 20-11-1948, \u00can \u00ae\u00denh bi\u00d3u thu\u00d5 \u00aei\u00d2n th\u00e6 n\u00a8m 1948. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 262B-SL, ng\u00b5y 22-11-1948, b\u00e6 nhi\u00d6m \u00a7\u00e6ng l\u00fd s\u00f9 v\u00f4 B\u00e9 N\u00e9i v\u00f4. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 263-SL, ng\u00b5y 28-11-1948, s\u00b8p nh\u00cbp huy\u00d6n Gia L\u00a9m (Li\u00aan khu I) v\u00b5o Li\u00aan khu III. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 264-SL, ng\u00b5y 19-11-1948, b\u00e6 khuy\u00d5t v\u00d2 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c To\u00b5 \u00b8n binh. - S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 265-SL, ng\u00b5y 10-12-1948, quy \u00ae\u00denh U\u00fb ban kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh H\u00b5 N\u00e9i l\u00b5 m\u00e9t U\u00fb ban kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8, thu\u00e9c U\u00fb ban kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh Li\u00aan khu III.","688 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP","689 C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a Kh\u00e6ng Minh1) Bi\u00aan d\u00dech v\u00b5 bi\u00aan so\u00b9n . kho\u00b6ng n\u00a8m 1947-1948. K\u00fd t\u00aan: H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. Ph\u00dfng Ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de Q.\u00a7.Q.G.V.N, Li\u00aan khu III xu\u00cat b\u00b6n th\u00b8ng 9-1948. B\u00b6n ch\u00f4p cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch l\u2212u t\u00b9i B\u00b6o t\u00b5ng H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. _______________ 1) Th\u00eai gian Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh bi\u00aan d\u00dech cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch n\u00b5y c\u00dfn c\u00e3 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00fd ki\u00d5n kh\u00b8c nhau. C\u00e3 \u00fd ki\u00d5n cho r\u00bbng Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh bi\u00aan d\u00dech khi Ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00edi v\u00d2 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng trong n\u2212\u00edc, nh\u2212ng c\u00a8n c\u00f8 v\u00b5o n\u00e9i dung, c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 c\u00b8c cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch Kinh nghi\u00d6m du k\u00ddch T\u00b5u, Kinh nghi\u00d6m du k\u00ddch Ph\u00b8p... ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi b\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00c7u x\u00b8c \u00ae\u00denh th\u00eai gian Ng\u2212\u00eai bi\u00aan so\u00b9n v\u00b5 bi\u00aan d\u00dech cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch n\u00b5y kho\u00b6ng n\u00a8m 1947-1948, nh\u00bbm ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 c\u00abng t\u00b8c hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m \u00ae\u00c7u kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p. Cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch v\u00f5a bi\u00aan so\u00b9n, v\u00f5a bi\u00aan d\u00dech n\u00aan ch\u00f3ng t\u00abi x\u00d5p \u00eb Ph\u00f4 l\u00f4c (BT).","690 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP","691 C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a Kh\u00e6ng Minh I- N\u00a1M H\u00b9NG NG\u00a6\u00eaI PH\u00b6I TR\u00b8NH: a) Hay k\u00d0o b\u00cc ph\u00b8i, d\u00ccm pha k\u00ce hi\u00d2n l\u2212\u00acng. b) \u00a1n m\u00c6c xa hoa, ti\u00aau pha hu\u00d5ch ho\u00b8c. c) Khoe khoang t\u00b5 thu\u00cbt, y\u00aau chu\u00e9ng m\u00aa t\u00ddn. d) C\u00e3 th\u00e3i soi m\u00e3i, t\u00f9 t\u2212, t\u00f9 l\u00eei. e) Ta th\u00beng th\u00d7 theo ta, \u00ae\u00dech th\u00beng th\u00d7 theo \u00ae\u00dech. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng h\u00b9ng ng\u2212\u00eai gian x\u00b6o, d\u00e8i tr\u00b8 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 d\u00efng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. II- PH\u00b6I BI\u00d5T T\u00ddNH M\u00e4I NG\u00a6\u00eaI: - C\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00d2m m\u00e1ng m\u00b5 hay d\u00e8i tr\u00b8, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai khi\u00aam t\u00e8n m\u00b5 hay l\u2212\u00eang g\u00b9t, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b9nh b\u00b9o m\u00b5 tr\u00abng d\u00f3t d\u00b8t, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai ra s\u00f8c l\u00b5m m\u00b5 kh\u00abng trung th\u00b5nh. Ta ph\u00b6i d\u00efng 7 c\u00b8ch m\u00b5 x\u00d0t: - B\u00b5n l\u00cf ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i \u00ae\u00d3 xem tr\u00dd c\u00f1a h\u00e4. - Bi\u00d6n lu\u00cbn v\u00edi h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00d3 xem h\u00e4 bi\u00d5n h\u00e3a th\u00d5 n\u00b5o. - H\u00e1i h\u00e4 m\u2212u k\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d3 xem hi\u00d3u bi\u00d5t c\u00f1a h\u00e4. - H\u00e1i \u00ae\u00d5n vi\u00d6c hy sinh xem h\u00e4 c\u00e3 d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m kh\u00abng. - Cho h\u00e4 u\u00e8ng r\u2212\u00eeu \u00ae\u00d3 xem t\u00ddnh kh\u00dd c\u00f1a h\u00e4. - Cho h\u00e4 l\u00eei l\u00e9c \u00ae\u00d3 x\u00d0t l\u00dfng trung th\u00b5nh. - B\u00b6o h\u00e4 h\u00f8a h\u00d1n vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d3 x\u00d0t s\u00f9 tin c\u00c8n c\u00f1a h\u00e4. III- Ch\u00ddn H\u00b9NG T\u00a6\u00edNG: 1) D\u00efng \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c l\u00d4 ngh\u00dca trong b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i lu\u00abn lu\u00abn x\u00d0t \u00ae\u00d5n s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e3i r\u00d0t kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n c\u00f1a b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i l\u00b5 nh\u00a9n t\u2212\u00edng. 2) G\u00c6p kh\u00e3 kh\u00abng tr\u00b8nh, th\u00cay l\u00eei kh\u00abng tham, ch\u00d8 c\u00e3 ch\u00d5t vinh h\u00acn s\u00e8ng nh\u00f4c, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 ngh\u00dca t\u2212\u00edng. 3) Sang m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ki\u00aau, th\u00beng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng ng\u00b9o, kh\u00abn m\u00b5 hay h\u00e1i, c\u2212\u00acng m\u00b5 bi\u00d5t nh\u00den, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 l\u00d4 t\u2212\u00edng.","692 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 4) M\u2212u cao s\u00a9u xa, h\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9ng kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o, chuy\u00d3n h\u00e4a ra ph\u00f3c, \u00ae\u00e6i nguy ra th\u00beng, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 tr\u00dd t\u2212\u00edng. 5) C\u2212\u00eci ng\u00f9a gi\u00e1i, b\u00ben s\u00f3ng t\u00b5i, m\u00b9nh d\u00b9n v\u00ab c\u00efng, kh\u00d0o gi\u00f7 m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 h\u00e6 t\u2212\u00edng. 6) Tr\u00cco cao, v\u2212\u00eet hi\u00d3m, \u00aei b\u00a8ng nh\u2212 bay, khi ti\u00d5n th\u00d7 \u00aei tr\u2212\u00edc, khi tho\u00b8i th\u00d7 \u00aei sau, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 hi t\u2212\u00edng. 7) Kh\u00abng ch\u00deu k\u00d0m ai, kh\u00abng s\u00ee \u00ae\u00dech m\u00b9nh, kh\u00abng mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00b8nh tr\u00cbn nh\u00e1, ch\u00d8 mu\u00e8n \u00ae\u00b8nh tr\u00cbn l\u00edn, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 m\u00b7nh t\u2212\u00edng. 8) Ai ti\u00d5n th\u00d7 th\u2212\u00ebng, ai tho\u00b8i th\u00d7 ph\u00b9t, th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t ph\u00a9n minh, kh\u00abng hay ki\u00aang n\u00d3, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 t\u00ddn t\u2212\u00edng. 9) Tr\u00e4ng ng\u2212\u00eai hi\u00d2n t\u00e8t, \u2212a ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00cf ph\u00b6i, khoan h\u00e5ng v\u00b5 c\u2212\u00acng tr\u00f9c, d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u m\u2212u, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i t\u2212\u00edng. IV- T\u00b8M \u00a7I\u00d2U X\u00caU PH\u00b6I TR\u00b8NH: - Tham lam kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t ch\u00b8n. - Ch\u00b8n gh\u00d0t ng\u2212\u00eai hi\u00d2n t\u00b5i. - Hay nghe l\u00eai xu n\u00denh. - Bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00dech kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t m\u00d7nh. - Do d\u00f9 kh\u00abng c\u00b6 quy\u00d5t. - Say m\u00aa g\u00b8i v\u00b5 r\u2212\u00eeu. - Gian d\u00e8i v\u00b5 nh\u00f3t nh\u00b8t. - N\u00e3i d\u00e8i, kh\u00abng l\u00d4 ph\u00d0p. V- ch\u00dd KH\u00dd C\u00f1A NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG: - Kh\u00abng c\u00cby th\u00c7n c\u00cby th\u00d5, - \u00a7\u2212\u00eec vinh c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng m\u00f5ng, - B\u00de nh\u00f4c c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng s\u00ee, - Th\u00cay l\u00eei kh\u00abng tham, th\u00cay s\u00bec kh\u00abng m\u00e9, - Ch\u00d8 bi\u00d5t hy sinh v\u00d7 n\u2212\u00edc. VI- NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG PH\u00b6I HI\u00d3U R\u00e2 5 \u00a7I\u00d2U HAY 4 \u00a7I\u00d2U PH\u00b6I 1) Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech.","C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a kh\u00e6ng minh 693 2) Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 c\u00b8ch ti\u00d5n c\u00b8ch tho\u00b8i. 3) Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh trong n\u2212\u00edc. 4) Ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 kh\u00dd h\u00cbu c\u00f1a tr\u00eai v\u00b5 t\u00a9m l\u00fd c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai. 5) Ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u r\u00e2 n\u00f3i s\u00abng, \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00b8. a) \u00a7\u00b8nh ph\u00b6i kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o, b) M\u2212u ph\u00b6i m\u00cbt, c) Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i ph\u00b6i tr\u00can t\u00dcnh, d) L\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai ph\u00b6i nh\u00cat tr\u00dd. VII- T\u00ddNH KH\u00dd C\u00f1A NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG: C\u2212\u00acng nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 b\u00de g\u00c9y. Nhu nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng th\u00d3 non, cong. Cho n\u00aan kh\u00abng c\u00e3 th\u00d3 l\u00cay y\u00d5u m\u00b5 ch\u00d5 m\u00b9nh, l\u00cay nhu m\u00b5 ch\u00d5 c\u2212\u00acng, ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n nhu nh\u2212\u00eec ho\u00c6c ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n c\u2212\u00acng m\u00b9nh \u00ae\u00d2u s\u00cf b\u00de th\u00cat b\u00b9i. VIII- KI\u00a3U NG\u00b9O V\u00b5 CH\u00cbT H\u00d1P: Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00edng kh\u00abng n\u00aan ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o th\u00d7 v\u00ab l\u00d4, v\u00ab l\u00d4 th\u00d7 ng\u2212\u00eai ta gh\u00d0t, ng\u2212\u00eai ta gh\u00d0t th\u00d7 l\u00b9i b\u00de ch\u00f3ng ph\u00b6n. Kh\u00abng n\u00aan ch\u00cbt h\u00d1p, ch\u00cbt h\u00d1p th\u00d7 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t th\u2212\u00acng, kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t th\u2212\u00acng th\u00d7 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i kh\u00abng g\u00beng s\u00f8c, kh\u00abng g\u00beng s\u00f8c th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. Ta kh\u00abng th\u00b5nh c\u00abng t\u00f8c l\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00dech th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. IX- n\u00a8m \u00a7I\u00d2U PH\u00b6I, t\u00b8m \u00a7I\u00d2U TR\u00b8I: - Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00edng c\u00c7n ph\u00b6i gi\u00f7 kh\u00dd ti\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng cho ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 hi\u00d5u \u00ae\u00d4 \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f7 t\u00ddn c\u00f1a m\u00d7nh. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00d3 g\u00a9y c\u00b6m t\u00d7nh. - Ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 r\u00e9ng r\u00b7i \u00ae\u00d3 d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai. - Ph\u00b6i si\u00aang n\u00a8ng \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m c\u00abng. - Kh\u00e1e m\u00b5 kh\u00abng gi\u00f7 l\u00cf ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i. - \u00a7\u00e7 m\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f1 t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i. - Ch\u00ddnh m\u00b5 kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t gi\u00f7 ph\u00d0p.","694 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP - C\u00e3 ti\u00d2n nhi\u00d2u m\u00b5 kh\u00abng gi\u00f3p ng\u2212\u00eai ngh\u00cco. - Tr\u00dd th\u00f8c m\u00b5 kh\u00abng x\u00d0t vi\u00d6c t\u2212\u00acng lai. - Lo vi\u00d6c m\u00b5 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00d2 ph\u00dfng vi\u00d6c b\u00dd m\u00cbt. - Kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t c\u00cat nh\u00bec nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8. - Khi th\u00cat b\u00b9i kh\u00abng kh\u00e1i ng\u2212\u00eai ta o\u00b8n. (\u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 t\u00b8m \u00aei\u00d2u oan \u00b8c). X- NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG C\u00c7N PH\u00b6I BI\u00d5T: - \u00a7\u00b8nh v\u00b5o ch\u00e7 \u00ae\u00dech y\u00d5u, kh\u00d0o tr\u00b8nh ch\u00e7 \u00ae\u00dech m\u00b9nh, ch\u00ed khinh ng\u2212\u00eai. - B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u2212a ngh\u00d8 th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00edng ch\u2212a ngh\u00d8, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u2212a \u00a8n th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00edng ch\u2212a \u00a8n, c\u00efng v\u00edi b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i d\u00c7m m\u2212a d\u00b7i n\u00beng khi m\u00d6t c\u00efng ch\u00deu, s\u2212\u00edng kh\u00e6 c\u00efng ch\u00deu, nh\u2212 th\u00d5 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i s\u00cf h\u00d5t l\u00dfng, th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00dech nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh s\u00cf b\u00b9i. XI- C\u00b8CH D\u00f4NG NH\u00a2N T\u00b5I: Trong b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c nhau, ph\u00b6i d\u00efng t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng t\u00f5ng ng\u2212\u00eai, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00aei gi\u00e1i l\u00b5m giao th\u00abng, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00c8n th\u00cbn l\u00b5m trinh th\u00b8m, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai gan g\u00e3c d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m l\u00b5m xung phong, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00ben gi\u00e1i th\u00d7 d\u00efng ra tr\u00cbn. D\u00efng \u00ae\u00f3ng t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng th\u00d7 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng; d\u00efng sai t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng th\u00d7 h\u00e1ng vi\u00d6c (\u00aeo\u00b9n n\u00b5y ch\u00d8 d\u00dech theo \u00fd). XII- BA \u00a7I\u00d2U KI\u00d6N C\u00c7N C\u00e3: Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00edng ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t r\u00e2 thi\u00aan th\u00eai (ng\u00b5y, \u00ae\u00aam, t\u00e8i, s\u00b8ng), ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t d\u00efng \u00ae\u00dea l\u00eei (g\u00c7n, xa, n\u00f3i, s\u00abng v.v.), ph\u00b6i g\u00a9y n\u00aan nh\u00a9n h\u00dfa (s\u00e8 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00f1 d\u00efng, l\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00cat tr\u00dd), n\u00d5u thi\u00d5u trong ba \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 kh\u00e3 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. XIII- NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG: Nh\u00ean v\u00edi qu\u00a9n th\u00d7 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00cbn t\u00a9m, nh\u00ean v\u00edi binh s\u00dc th\u00d7 kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ng\u2212\u00eai ta t\u00cbn l\u00f9c. Cho n\u00aan ph\u00b6i l\u00cay l\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai, th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t ph\u00b6i nghi\u00aam, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 v\u00a8n, c\u00e3 v\u00e2, ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 c\u00f8ng c\u00e3 m\u00d2m,","C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a kh\u00e6ng minh 695 ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 l\u00d4 ngh\u00dca, ph\u00b6i khuy\u00d5n h\u00e4c h\u00b5nh. Khi t\u00dcnh nh\u2212 c\u00b8 chim, khi \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u2212 beo nh\u00b6y, l\u00f3c ti\u00d5n th\u00d7 nhanh nh\u2212 m\u2212a gi\u00e3, khi tho\u00b8i th\u00d7 im nh\u2212 n\u00f3i m\u00dfn, nh\u00bbm \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00d7 nh\u2212 con \u00aei\u00aau (nh\u00bbm ch\u00e7 y\u00d5u \u00ae\u00b8nh) ti\u00d5n c\u00abng th\u00d7 nh\u2212 con c\u00e4p. B\u00bet \u00ae\u00dech ph\u00b6i h\u00b5ng r\u00e5i l\u00b9i d\u00efng n\u00e3 l\u00cay l\u00eei l\u00b5m m\u00e5i \u00ae\u00dech l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00dech r\u00e8i lo\u00b9n r\u00e5i \u00ae\u00b8nh n\u00e3, m\u00d7nh nh\u00c9n n\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m cho \u00ae\u00dech ki\u00aau c\u00a8ng, c\u00c8n th\u00cbn v\u00edi \u00ae\u00dech \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b5m ly t\u00b8n n\u00e3. Ta gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00ae\u00dech l\u00b5m thi\u00d6t h\u00b9i, ta an \u00f1i nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de \u00ae\u00dech \u00aee d\u00e4a, ta gi\u00f3p nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai oan \u00f8c. Ta th\u00a9n nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 m\u2212u tr\u00dd, xa nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00ccm pha, ch\u00ed ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o, ch\u00ed c\u00cby th\u00d5, ch\u00ed khinh \u00ae\u00dech. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng r\u00e5i m\u00edi \u00ae\u00e9ng t\u00b8c, bi\u00d5t ch\u00bec th\u00beng l\u00eei r\u00e5i m\u00edi \u00ae\u00b8nh, \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1a c\u00b6i th\u00d7 th\u2212\u00ebng cho l\u00ddnh, ph\u00b8t cho d\u00a9n, ta ch\u00ed b\u00e1 t\u00f3i. L\u00b5m nh\u2212 th\u00d5 l\u00b5 hi\u00d3u kinh nghi\u00d6m th\u00d7 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ai c\u00f2ng ham \u00ae\u00b8nh, ai c\u00f2ng kh\u00abng s\u00ee ch\u00d5t. XIV- PH\u00dfNG B\u00de PH\u00b6I C\u00c8N TH\u00cbN: Trong m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00abng c\u00e3 g\u00d7 quan tr\u00e4ng b\u00bbng ph\u00dfng b\u00de. S\u00f9 ph\u00dfng b\u00de sai 1 ly th\u00d7 \u00aei 1 d\u00c6m, \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00e7i hao binh, t\u00e6n t\u2212\u00edng. S\u00b8ch c\u00e3 c\u00a9u: \u201cCon ong c\u00dfn c\u00e3 c\u00b8i n\u00e4c \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f7 m\u00d7nh\u201d, hu\u00e8ng chi m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00abng ph\u00dfng b\u00de, kh\u00abng ph\u00dfng b\u00de th\u00d7 s\u00f9 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00cat r\u00e9ng c\u00f2ng v\u00ab d\u00f4ng cho n\u00aan c\u00e3 ph\u00dfng tr\u2212\u00edc th\u00d7 kh\u00e1i lo xa. XV- T\u00cbP LUY\u00d6N: Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i kh\u00abng t\u00cbp luy\u00d6n, 100 ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abng ch\u00e8ng n\u00e6i 1 t\u00aan \u00ae\u00dech, si\u00aang t\u00cbp th\u00d7 1 ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ch\u00e8ng n\u00e6i 100 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00dech. Kh\u00e6ng T\u00f6 c\u00e3 n\u00e3i: Kh\u00abng d\u00b9y m\u00b5 \u00aeem \u00aei \u00ae\u00b8nh t\u00f8c l\u00b5 \u00aeem \u00aei ch\u00d5t. Hay d\u00b9y ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, 1 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00b9y cho 10 ng\u2212\u00eai, 10 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00b9y cho 100 ng\u2212\u00eai, 100 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00b9y cho 1.000 ng\u2212\u00eai v.v. nh\u2212 th\u00d5 ch\u00bec \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec. XVI- M\u00a6\u00eaI \u00a7I\u00d2U TH\u00caT B\u00b9I: 1) Do th\u00b8m kh\u00abng ch\u00bec ch\u00ben. 2) M\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh kh\u00abng nghi\u00aam minh, th\u00eai c\u00ac kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng.","696 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 3) H\u00b5ng ng\u00f2 kh\u00abng ch\u00d8nh t\u00d2. 4) Tr\u00cbt t\u00f9 kh\u00abng nghi\u00aam minh. 5) Ng\u2212\u00eai tr\u00aan kh\u00abng th\u2212\u00acng k\u00ce d\u2212\u00edi, l\u00cay c\u00f1a d\u00a9n kh\u00abng c\u00e3 h\u00b9n. 6) L\u00cay c\u00f1a c\u00abng d\u00efng v\u00b5o vi\u00d6c ri\u00aang, kh\u00abng th\u2212\u00acng k\u00ce \u00ae\u00e3i kh\u00e6. 7) M\u00aa t\u00ddn h\u00e4a ph\u00f3c. 8) \u00a7\u00e5n nh\u00b6m l\u00b5m lo\u00b9n l\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai. 9) C\u00cby m\u00d7nh m\u00b9nh, kh\u00abng nghe m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh, chuy\u00aan quy\u00d2n v\u00b5 l\u00can c\u00cap tr\u00aan. 10) Bi\u00d5t kh\u00e6 ch\u00ed t\u00c7y, t\u00f9 t\u2212 t\u00f9 l\u00eei. M\u2212\u00eai \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 x\u00cau trong b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i, c\u00e3 m\u00e9t \u00aei\u00d2u th\u00d7 ch\u00bec th\u00cat b\u00b9i. XVII- M\u00beT, TAI, CH\u00a2N, TAY, NANH VU\u00e8T: Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00edng th\u2212\u00eang hay c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00b5m tai m\u00bet, ch\u00a9n tay, nanh vu\u00e8t cho m\u00d7nh. Kh\u00abng c\u00e3 tai m\u00bet nh\u2212 tr\u00abng v\u00b5o t\u00e8i, kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eang m\u00b5 \u00aei, kh\u00abng tay ch\u00a9n th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng, kh\u00abng nanh vu\u00e8t nh\u2212 \u00ae\u00e3i m\u00b5 ph\u00b6i \u00a8n th\u00e3c gi\u00e8ng, kh\u00abng kh\u00e1i ch\u00d5t. Cho n\u00aan ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai nghe nhi\u00d2u bi\u00d5t r\u00e9ng l\u00b5m tai m\u00bet, ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00b5o c\u00c8n th\u00cbn k\u00ddn \u00ae\u00b8o l\u00b5m tay ch\u00a9n, s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh l\u00b5m nanh vu\u00e8t. XVIII- LU\u00cbT C\u00f1A NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG: X\u2212a nay th\u00cat b\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d2u v\u00d7 khinh \u00ae\u00dech, lu\u00cbt c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai t\u2212\u00edng c\u00c7n c\u00e3 14 \u00aei\u00d2u: 1) Lo xa l\u00b5 do th\u00b8m ph\u00b6i k\u00fc c\u00b5ng. 2) Lo g\u00c7n l\u00b5 canh g\u00b8c ph\u00b6i c\u00c8n th\u00cbn. 3) D\u00f2ng c\u00b6m l\u00b5 kh\u00abng b\u00de \u00ae\u00dech \u00aee d\u00e4a. 4) Trong s\u00b9ch l\u00b5 kh\u00abng b\u00de n\u00e3i d\u00e8i d\u00b8. 5) C\u00abng b\u00bbng th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t c\u00abng minh. 6) Nh\u00c9n n\u00b9i l\u00b5 bi\u00d5t ch\u00deu \u00ae\u00f9ng. 7) Khoan h\u00e5ng l\u00b5 bi\u00d5t d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai. 8) Ch\u00ddnh ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 t\u00abn tr\u00e4ng l\u00eai h\u00f8a. 9) K\u00ddnh c\u00c8n l\u00b5 tr\u00e4ng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i. 10) Th\u00abng minh l\u00b5 kh\u00abng nghe l\u00eai d\u00ccm pha.","C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a kh\u00e6ng minh 697 11) Nh\u00a9n t\u00f5 l\u00b5 bi\u00d5t y\u00aau binh l\u00ddnh. 12) Trung ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 li\u00d2u m\u00d7nh cho n\u2212\u00edc. 13) Tr\u00dd th\u00f8c l\u00b5 kh\u00abng tham danh v\u00e4ng. 14) M\u2212u tr\u00dd l\u00b5 bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 m\u00d7nh bi\u00d5t r\u00e2 \u00ae\u00dech. XIX- H\u00d7NH PH\u00b9T: Ng\u00ab Kh\u00ebi c\u00e3 n\u00e3i: \u201cTi\u00d5ng tr\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00denh l\u00e7 tai c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n cho n\u00aan ti\u00d2m t\u00a9m ph\u00b6i r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng, c\u00ea x\u00dd \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00denh con m\u00bet c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n cho n\u00aan m\u00c7u s\u00bec ph\u00b6i minh b\u00b9ch. Cho n\u00aan l\u00f3c n\u00b5o t\u2212\u00edng g\u00e4i l\u00dfng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d2u theo r\u00e2i1). H\u00d7nh ph\u00b9t \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00denh ch\u00d8 h\u2212\u00edng c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n cho n\u00aan nghi\u00aam l\u00d6nh ph\u00b6i minh b\u00b9ch. Ch\u00e7 n\u00b5o t\u2212\u00edng ch\u00d8 th\u00d7 qu\u00a9n quy\u00d5t t\u00f6\u201d. XX- T\u00a6\u00edNG GI\u00e1I: D\u00b9y qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00d2 c\u00b8ch ti\u00d5n tho\u00b8i th\u00d7 h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t c\u00c7n. D\u00b9y nh\u00a9n ngh\u00dca th\u00d7 h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t l\u00d4. D\u00b9y ph\u00b6i tr\u00b8i th\u00d7 h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t g\u00beng s\u00f8c. D\u00b9y th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t th\u00d7 h\u00e4 bi\u00d5t tin c\u00cby. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 b\u00b6n \u00ae\u00b9i c\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i. \u00a7\u00b9i c\u2212\u00acng m\u00b5 v\u00f7ng, ti\u00d3u ti\u00d5t r\u00e2 r\u00b5ng cho n\u00aan r\u00cat th\u00beng l\u00eei. T\u2212\u00edng xo\u00b5ng th\u00d7 kh\u00abng th\u00d3 ti\u00d5n, kh\u00abng c\u00c7m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec, kh\u00abng ng\u00a8n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec cho n\u00aan tan r\u00b7. Kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t khuy\u00aan r\u00a8n th\u00d7 th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, qu\u00a9n kh\u00abng tin c\u00cby, ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00e8t b\u00de d\u00d7m xu\u00e8ng, ng\u2212\u00eai x\u00cau \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00a9ng l\u00aan cao cho n\u00aan b\u00de thua tr\u00aan c\u00b8ch l\u00eei d\u00f4ng. XXI- BI\u00d5T T\u00d7M C\u00b8CH L\u00eeI D\u00f4NG: Bi\u00d5t d\u00efng th\u00d5 c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ai th\u00beng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ta, bi\u00d5t l\u00eei d\u00f4ng s\u00f8c ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ai h\u00acn ta. XXII- TH\u00beNG V\u00b5 B\u00b9I: Ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i \u00eb tr\u00aan, t\u00c7m th\u2212\u00eang \u00eb d\u2212\u00edi, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i vui v\u00ce bi\u00d5t t\u00ddnh ph\u00f4c t\u00efng thi \u00aeua nhau trong vi\u00d6c chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau, khuy\u00aan nhau v\u00d7 s\u00f9 th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 tri\u00d6u ch\u00f8ng th\u00beng l\u00eei. Binh l\u00ddnh l\u2212\u00eai _______________ 1) N\u00aan hi\u00d3u l\u00b5 t\u2212\u00edng g\u00e4i (h\u00ab), qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00d2u nghe (tu\u00a9n) theo (BT).","698 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP bi\u00d5ng, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 l\u00d4 ph\u00d0p, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 k\u00fb lu\u00cbt, nghe \u00ae\u00dech \u00ae\u00d5n ch\u00d8 ngh\u00dc c\u00b8ch lui, kh\u00abng ai s\u00ee ph\u00d0p, hay s\u00ee may r\u00f1i, hay nghe m\u00aa t\u00ddn nh\u2212 th\u00d5 t\u00cat b\u00b9i. XXIII- \u00a7\u00e8I \u00a7\u00b7I B\u00e9 \u00a7\u00e9I: Th\u2212\u00acng ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u2212 th\u2212\u00acng con m\u00d7nh, ch\u00e7 kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n th\u00d7 ta \u00aei tr\u2212\u00edc, c\u00e3 c\u00abng tr\u00b9ng th\u00d7 ta h\u2212\u00ebng sau. G\u00c6p ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng ta ph\u00b6i mau mau an \u00f1i h\u00e4, th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t ph\u00b6i ch\u00abn c\u00cat cho h\u00e4. Th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00e3i ta ph\u00b6i cho h\u00e4 \u00a8n, ng\u2212\u00eai r\u00d0t ta c\u00ebi \u00b8o cho h\u00e4 m\u00c6c, th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i ta c\u00cat nh\u00bec h\u00e4, th\u00cay ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m ta th\u2212\u00ebng h\u00e4, t\u2212\u00edng m\u00b5 nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00a9u th\u00beng \u00ae\u00cay. XXIV- NH\u00f7NG NG\u00a6\u00eaI GI\u00f3P VI\u00d6C: T\u2212\u00edng th\u00d7 ph\u00b6i c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai gi\u00f3p vi\u00d6c. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00eai l\u00cf gi\u00e1i, nghe th\u00cay r\u00e9ng, nhi\u00d2u t\u00b5i gi\u00e1i, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 h\u00b9ng th\u2212\u00eeng t\u2212\u00edng. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai m\u00b9nh nh\u2212 c\u00e4p, nhanh nh\u2212 v\u2212\u00een, c\u00f8ng nh\u2212 s\u00bet, s\u00bec nh\u2212 dao g\u2212\u00acm, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 th\u2212\u00eeng t\u2212\u00edng. Nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00e3i hay th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00f3ng, t\u00b5i nghe l\u00c6t v\u00c6t, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 h\u00b9 t\u2212\u00edng. XXV- KHI GI\u00e1I K\u00d0M TRONG KHI \u00a7\u00b8NH: Gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t c\u00b8c vi\u00d6c kh\u00e3 t\u00f5 vi\u00d6c to \u00ae\u00d5n vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1, t\u00f5 vi\u00d6c nh\u00e1 sang tr\u2212\u00edc sau m\u00edi \u00ae\u00f3ng. Tr\u2212\u00edc d\u00efng th\u2212\u00ebng, sau d\u00efng ph\u00b9t, l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch d\u00efng binh nh\u00a9n. B\u00b5i binh b\u00e8 tr\u00cbn, s\u00f3ng n\u00e6 tr\u00b5n, ra vai tr\u00df b\u00bet \u00ae\u00dech ph\u00b6i h\u00b5ng, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch d\u00efng binh gi\u00e1i. X\u00abng pha t\u00aan \u00ae\u00b9n, tranh th\u00beng m\u00e9t l\u00f3c, th\u00beng b\u00b9i ch\u2212a r\u00e2, m\u00d7nh b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng, \u00ae\u00dech b\u00de ch\u00d5t, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00b8ch d\u00efng binh th\u00cap k\u00d0m. XXVI- TI\u00d5N L\u00eeI: - C\u00a9y c\u00e8i um t\u00efm th\u00d7 d\u00d4 tr\u00b8nh. - B\u00f4i r\u00f5ng r\u00cbm th\u00d7 d\u00d4 \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh. - \u00a7\u2212\u00eang h\u00d1p c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u th\u00d7 d\u00d4 \u00ae\u00b8nh ph\u00f4c k\u00ddch.","C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a kh\u00e6ng minh 699 - Ta \u00ddt \u00ae\u00dech \u00ae\u00abng th\u00d7 n\u00aan \u00ae\u00b8nh l\u00f3c chi\u00d2u t\u00e8i. - Ta \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00dech \u00ddt th\u00d7 n\u00aan \u00ae\u00b8nh l\u00f3c r\u00b9ng ng\u00b5y. - C\u00e3 s\u00f3ng c\u00e3 gi\u00b8o, gi\u00b8o tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f3ng sau. - Qua s\u00abng gi\u00e3 to th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b8nh sau ch\u00c6n tr\u2212\u00edc. XXVII- PH\u00b8N \u00a7O\u00b8N: Ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00d0o d\u00efng binh do ph\u00b8n \u00aeo\u00b8n m\u00b5 bi\u00d5t tr\u2212\u00edc ai th\u00beng ai b\u00b9i. Ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00c7m qu\u00a9n b\u00aan n\u00b5o t\u00e8t b\u00aan n\u00b5o x\u00cau, t\u2212\u00edng b\u00aan n\u00b5o gi\u00e1i, qu\u00a9n l\u00b9i, b\u00aan n\u00b5o th\u00b9o vi\u00d6c h\u00acn, l\u2212\u00eeng ti\u00d2n b\u00aan n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1 h\u00acn, binh l\u00ddnh b\u00aan n\u00b5o luy\u00d6n t\u00cbp h\u00acn, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i b\u00aan n\u00b5o ch\u00d8nh t\u00d2 h\u00acn, xe ng\u00f9a b\u00aan n\u00b5o khoe khoang h\u00acn, h\u00d7nh th\u00d5 b\u00aan n\u00b5o hi\u00d3m tr\u00eb h\u00acn, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n b\u00aan n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e5ng l\u00dfng h\u00acn. Do \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 th\u00d3 ph\u00b8n \u00aeo\u00b8n b\u00aan n\u00b5o th\u00beng b\u00aan n\u00b5o b\u00b9i. XXVIII- \u00a7\u00b8NH B\u00caT TH\u00d7NH L\u00d7NH: M\u00e9t con c\u00e4p d\u00ef khi \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00cat b\u00b9i th\u00d7 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00f8a tr\u00ce con c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b8nh qu\u00fe n\u00e3, tr\u00b8i l\u00b9i m\u00e9t con ong nh\u00e1 l\u00e4t v\u00b5o tay \u00b8o ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00edn l\u00f3c \u00cay c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i k\u00aau tr\u00eai, \u00ae\u00e3 l\u00b5 v\u00d7 b\u00cat ng\u00ea, cho n\u00aan nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b8nh gi\u00e1i th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00b8nh v\u00b5o l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00dech kh\u00abng ph\u00dfng b\u00de. XXIX- CHU\u00c8N B\u00de: Ong ki\u00d5n d\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8t v\u00d7 n\u00e3 s\u00bdn c\u00e3 n\u00e4c \u00ae\u00e9c. Chi\u00d5n s\u00dc gan d\u00b9 \u00ae\u00b8nh l\u00b5 nh\u00ea c\u00e3 chu\u00c8n b\u00de. Cho n\u00aan \u00b8o gi\u00b8p kh\u00abng b\u00d2n th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 \u00eb tr\u00c7n. B\u00ben m\u00b5 kh\u00abng tr\u00f3ng th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 \u00ae\u00b9n. B\u00ben tr\u00f3ng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng gi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00c6c th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 kh\u00abng tr\u00f3ng. Canh ph\u00dfng kh\u00abng nghi\u00aam th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 kh\u00abng canh ph\u00dfng, kh\u00abng c\u00e3 tai m\u00bet. T\u2212\u00edng m\u00b5 kh\u00abng d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m th\u00d7 c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 kh\u00abng c\u00e3 t\u2212\u00edng. XXX- \u00a7\u00deA TH\u00d5: \u00a7\u00dea th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00f3p s\u00f8c cho qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i, ch\u2212a bao gi\u00ea kh\u00abng bi\u00d5t d\u00efng \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00abng tr\u00cbn. R\u00f5ng n\u00f3i, s\u00abng ng\u00dfi l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d3 d\u00efng b\u00e9 binh. G\u00df cao, n\u00f3i h\u00d1p, l\u00b8 c\u00a9y c\u00e1 m\u00aa man l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 c\u00f1a k\u00fe","700 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP binh. Gi\u00f7a n\u00f3i, g\u00c7n khe, r\u00f5ng cao hang s\u00a9u l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 cho cung n\u00e1. \u00a7\u00cat l\u00c7y c\u00e1 \u00ddt d\u00d4 ti\u00d5n d\u00d4 lui l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 cho gi\u00b8o m\u00b8c. Lau l\u00b8ch um t\u00efm, n\u00aci nhi\u00d2u tre g\u00e7 l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00dea th\u00d5 c\u00f1a s\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b9n. XXXI- C\u00b8CH CH\u00e8NG T\u00a6\u00edNG B\u00a3N \u00a7\u00deCH: T\u2212\u00edng \u00ae\u00dech c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m m\u00b5 khinh ch\u00d5t, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai nhanh ch\u00e3ng m\u00b5 h\u00cap t\u00cap, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai l\u00dfng tham m\u00b5 c\u00c7u l\u00eei, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00a9n t\u00f5 m\u00b5 b\u00cat ngh\u00dca, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00abn ngoan m\u00b5 d\u00f3t d\u00b8t, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00c8n th\u00cbn m\u00b5 r\u00f4t r\u00cc, c\u00e3 ng\u2212\u00eai nhi\u00d2u m\u2212u m\u00b5 ch\u00cbm tr\u00d4. \u00a7\u00e8i v\u00edi: - Ng\u2212\u00eai khinh ch\u00d5t th\u00d7 ta ch\u00d5 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch n\u00e3 s\u00abi n\u00e6i. - Ng\u2212\u00eai h\u00cap t\u00cap b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch k\u00d0o d\u00b5i. - Ng\u2212\u00eai tham l\u00eei b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch m\u00e5i d\u00f6. - Ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00a9n t\u00f5 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m cho n\u00e3 n\u00b8o n\u00f8c. - Ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00f3t nh\u00b8t b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch l\u00b5m cho h\u00e4 qu\u00aan. - Ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00cbm tr\u00d4 b\u00bbng c\u00b8ch ph\u00f4c k\u00ddch. XXXII- X\u00d0T \u00a7\u00deCH: Tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t ph\u00b6i x\u00d0t r\u00e2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech r\u00e5i \u00ae\u00c6t k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh n\u00e3. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00dech m\u00b5 qu\u00a9n nh\u00a9n m\u00d6t m\u00e1i, l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f1, d\u00a9n s\u00f9 h\u00ean o\u00b8n, l\u00ddnh kh\u00abng t\u00cbp t\u00b5nh, k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, kh\u00dd gi\u00edi kh\u00abng t\u00e8t, qu\u00a9n l\u00ddnh kh\u00abng nghi\u00aam, c\u00e3 vi\u00d6n binh \u00ae\u2212\u00eang xa, tr\u00eai t\u00e8i b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i m\u00d6t nh\u00e4c, th\u2212\u00eeng c\u00cap vu v\u00ac, canh g\u00b8c h\u00f7ng h\u00ea. Ti\u00d5n m\u00b5 ch\u2212a d\u00b5n tr\u00cbn, d\u00b5n tr\u00cbn m\u00b5 ch\u2212a xong, qua s\u00abng l\u00e9i su\u00e8i v\u00f5a \u00ae\u00d5n n\u00f6a ch\u00f5ng, tr\u00cco n\u00f3i v\u2212\u00eet s\u00abng c\u00ea x\u00dd t\u00b8n lo\u00b9n, t\u2212\u00edng s\u00dc c\u00b7i nhau, h\u00b5ng ng\u00f2 l\u00e9n x\u00e9n, th\u00beng m\u00b5 ki\u00aau ng\u00b9o. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00dech nh\u2212 th\u00d5 th\u00d7 ta n\u00aan \u00ae\u00b8nh. N\u00d5u \u00ae\u00dech m\u00b5 c\u00e3 tr\u00aan d\u2212\u00edi m\u00e9t l\u00dfng, th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t ph\u00a9n minh, d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai t\u00b5i n\u00a8ng, l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c \u00ae\u00c7y \u00ae\u00f1, kh\u00dd gi\u00edi s\u00bec b\u00d0n, l\u00a9n bang h\u00dfa m\u00f4c, canh ph\u00dfng nghi\u00aam ng\u00c6t, ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o th\u00d7 ta ch\u00ed \u00ae\u00b8nh. XXXIII- B\u00e9 \u00a7\u00e9I PH\u00b6I CH\u00d8NH T\u00d2: Th\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00b9t kh\u00abng c\u00abng b\u00bbng, m\u00d6nh l\u00d6nh kh\u00abng nghi\u00aam, b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i","C\u00b8ch hu\u00can luy\u00d6n c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00f1a kh\u00e6ng minh 701 th\u00d7 c\u00dfi b\u00b8o ti\u00d5n kh\u00abng ti\u00d5n, b\u00ben s\u00f3ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00f3ng, nh\u2212 th\u00d5 d\u00ef c\u00e3 h\u00b5ng tri\u00d6u c\u00f2ng th\u00b5nh v\u00ab d\u00f4ng. Ch\u00d8nh t\u00d2: Ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 khi \u00eb th\u00d7 c\u00e3 l\u00d4 ph\u00d0p, khi c\u00abng t\u00b8c th\u00d7 h\u00d5t l\u00dfng, ti\u00d5n th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ai ch\u00e8ng n\u00e6i, tho\u00b8i th\u00d7 kh\u00abng ai \u00aeu\u00e6i k\u00dep. Tr\u2212\u00edc, sau, t\u00b6, h\u00f7u th\u00d7 m\u00cbt thi\u00d5t li\u00aan l\u00b9c v\u00edi nhau m\u00b5 kh\u00abng v\u2212\u00edng ph\u00b6i nhau. XXXIV- C\u00b8CH KHUY\u00a3N R\u00a1N NH\u00a2N T\u00b5I: Cho h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00dea v\u00de, gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec h\u00e4 ti\u00d2n b\u00b9c th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i gi\u00f3p, l\u00cay l\u00d4 m\u00b5 ti\u00d5p h\u00e4, l\u00cay t\u00ddn m\u00b5 khuy\u00aan h\u00e4, th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng vui l\u00dfng quy\u00d5t t\u00f6, l\u00b5m \u00acn m\u00b5 kh\u00abng n\u00e3i, ph\u00b8p lu\u00cbt th\u00d7 h\u00d5t s\u00f8c nghi\u00aam tr\u00de ai c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ph\u00f4c. Vi\u00d6c g\u00d7 m\u00d7nh c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i l\u00b5m g\u2212\u00acng tr\u2212\u00edc m\u00b5 b\u00b6o ng\u2212\u00eai kh\u00b8c l\u00b5m theo sau th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng d\u00f2ng c\u00b6m. H\u00e4 c\u00e3 n\u00d5t t\u00e8t d\u00ef nh\u00e1 c\u00f2ng ph\u00b6i ghi, h\u00e4 c\u00e3 c\u00abng tr\u00b9ng d\u00ef nh\u00e1 c\u00f2ng th\u2212\u00ebng, th\u00d7 ai c\u00f2ng c\u00e8 g\u00beng. XXXV- C\u00b8CH CHI\u00d5N \u00a7\u00caU: Ph\u00b6i th\u00b9o d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng v\u00f2 kh\u00dd ng\u00ben. Ph\u00b6i kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o \u00ae\u00c6t ph\u00f4c binh ho\u00c6c \u00ae\u00b8nh ph\u00dda tr\u2212\u00edc, ho\u00c6c ch\u00c6n ph\u00dda sau, c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00b8nh t\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci r\u00cbm r\u00b9p. L\u00cay v\u00f2 kh\u00dd ng\u00a8n. Tr\u2212\u00edc khi \u00ae\u00c6t ph\u00f4c binh ph\u00b6i coi r\u00e2 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang s\u00b8 (10 d\u00c6m) \u00ae\u00c6t m\u00e9t tr\u00cbn to, 5 d\u00c6m \u00ae\u00c6t m\u00e9t tr\u00cbn nh\u00e1. H\u00d5t s\u00f8c k\u00ddn \u00ae\u00b8o, hi\u00d6u l\u00d6nh nghi\u00aam khi\u00d5n cho \u00ae\u00dech kh\u00abng k\u00dep tr\u00eb tay. C\u00b8ch di\u00d6t ph\u00f4c binh nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci khe su\u00e8i: Ph\u00b6i kh\u00abn kh\u00d0o \u00ae\u00c6t ph\u00f4c binh, ph\u00b6i gan g\u00e3c x\u00abng v\u00b5o \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00dech, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00b8nh gi\u00e1i th\u00d7 l\u00aan ph\u00dda cao, nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai quy\u00d5t t\u00f6 th\u00d7 ch\u00ben ph\u00dda sau b\u00ben ti\u00d5p \u00ae\u00d5n gi\u00b8p l\u00b8 c\u00b5. C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00f1y chi\u00d5n: Thuy\u00d2n b\u00cc ph\u00b6i nh\u00d1 nh\u00b5ng, binh s\u00dc ph\u00b6i bi\u00d5t b\u00aci, d\u00efng nhi\u00d2u c\u00ea x\u00dd \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00f5a \u00ae\u00dech, b\u00ben v\u00b5o ch\u00e7 hi\u00d3m c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech, d\u00efng kh\u00dd gi\u00edi ng\u00ben m\u00b5 x\u00abng v\u00b5o, t\u00f5 d\u00dfng n\u2212\u00edc m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh xu\u00e8ng.","702 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP C\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00b8nh ban \u00ae\u00aam: Ph\u00b6i r\u00cat k\u00ddn \u00ae\u00b8o, ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00cat th\u00d7nh l\u00d7nh, c\u00e3 khi d\u00efng hi\u00d6u tr\u00e8ng chu\u00abng v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00ccn \u00ae\u00e3m \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00f5a \u00ae\u00dech, h\u00e7n lo\u00b9n tai m\u00bet \u00ae\u00dech r\u00e5i x\u00abng v\u00b5o. XXXVI- C\u00b8CH \u00a1N \u00eb C\u00f1A NG\u00a6\u00eaI T\u00a6\u00edNG: - B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u2212a c\u00e3 n\u2212\u00edc th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00edng ch\u2212a u\u00e8ng. - B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u2212a c\u00e3 c\u00acm th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00edng ch\u2212a \u00a8n. - B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u2212a c\u00e3 l\u00f6a th\u00d7 t\u2212\u00edng ch\u2212a ph\u00b5n n\u00b5n r\u00d0t. - N\u00beng ch\u00ed che qu\u00b9t, m\u2212a ch\u00ed che \u00ab \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e5ng cam c\u00e9ng kh\u00e6 v\u00edi b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i. \u00a4ng Kh\u00e6ng Minh d\u00efng nh\u00f7ng b\u00b5i n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00d3 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9, c\u00b8ch \u00ae\u00e8i \u00ae\u00b7i ng\u2212\u00eai, c\u00b8ch x\u00d0t vi\u00d6c. Nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3 th\u00d7 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 kh\u00b8c \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6i hi\u00d3u v\u00b5 th\u00f9c h\u00b5nh th\u00d7 m\u00edi ti\u00d5n v\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng. V\u00cby anh em c\u00b8n b\u00e9 b\u00cat k\u00fa ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch ng\u00b5nh n\u00b5o c\u00f2ng n\u00aan nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch nh\u00e1 n\u00b5y.","703 cH\u00f3 TH\u00ddCH v\u00b5 b\u00b6n ch\u00d8 d\u00c9n t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai","704 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP","705 cH\u00f3 TH\u00ddCH 1. Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p Ph\u00b8p: M\u00e9t h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c li\u00aan hi\u00d6p c\u00b8c qu\u00e8c gia, do Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p l\u00cbp ra \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00a8m 1946 nh\u00bbm duy tr\u00d7 \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc v\u00e8n l\u00b5 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p. Cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m 1945, \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00a8m 1946, Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng h\u00dfa tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 s\u00bdn s\u00b5ng tham gia Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p Ph\u00b8p, n\u00d5u Ph\u00b8p c\u00abng nh\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp v\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam; Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00e3 th\u00d3 nh\u00cbn c\u00e8 v\u00can Ph\u00b8p, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng b\u00bet bu\u00e9c nh\u00cbn h\u00e4 \u00eb t\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c ng\u00b5nh ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng qu\u00e8c gia; Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n c\u00f6 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 ngo\u00b9i giao ra n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i; n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p c\u00e3 th\u00d3 thay m\u00c6t Vi\u00d6t Nam trong ngo\u00b9i giao v\u00edi m\u00e9t s\u00e8 n\u2212\u00edc nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh; Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n gia nh\u00cbp Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c, k\u00fd k\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc v\u00edi c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00abng nh\u00bbm m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p; ... V\u00edi m\u2212u \u00ae\u00e5 bi\u00d5n Vi\u00d6t Nam th\u00b5nh thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea m\u00e9t l\u00c7n n\u00f7a, Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00abng ch\u00cap thu\u00cbn nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n tr\u00aan, n\u00aan Vi\u00d6t Nam kh\u00abng tham gia kh\u00e8i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p Ph\u00b8p. Tr.3. 2. T\u00b9m \u2212\u00edc 14-9-1946: T\u00aan th\u2212\u00eang g\u00e4i c\u00f1a Tho\u00b6 hi\u00d6p t\u00b9m th\u00eai (Modus vivendi) gi\u00f7a Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p, do Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh v\u00b5 B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng M.Mut\u00aa k\u00fd ng\u00b5y 14-9-1946, t\u00b9i Pari. T\u00b9m \u2212\u00edc g\u00e5m 11 \u00aei\u00d2u kho\u00b6n. N\u00e9i dung c\u00f1a c\u00b8c \u00aei\u00d2u kho\u00b6n l\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng tho\u00b6 thu\u00cbn t\u00b9m th\u00eai v\u00d2 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 b\u00f8c thi\u00d5t c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn: Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p thi h\u00b5nh c\u00b8c quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 do, d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 v\u00b5 ng\u00f5ng b\u00ben \u00eb Nam B\u00e9; Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam nh\u00a9n nh\u2212\u00eeng v\u00edi Ph\u00b8p m\u00e9t s\u00e8 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei v\u00d2 kinh t\u00d5 v\u00b5 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam; quy \u00ae\u00denh th\u00eai gian ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b5m ph\u00b8n Vi\u00d6t - Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 1-1947. Vi\u00d6c k\u00fd T\u00b9m \u2212\u00edc 14-9 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec ngo\u00b9i giao c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech","706 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00d3 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta c\u00e3 th\u00aam th\u00eai gian chu\u00c8n b\u00de l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00a9u d\u00b5i. Tr.15. 3. \u00a7\u00b6ng D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam: T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a gi\u00edi tr\u00dd th\u00f8c, c\u00abng ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 t\u2212 s\u00b6n d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Vi\u00d6t Nam, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ng\u00b5y 30-6-1944, v\u00edi s\u00f9 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng. Th\u00b8ng 7-1944, \u00a7\u00b6ng D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam t\u00f9 nguy\u00d6n gia nh\u00cbp M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Vi\u00d6t Minh, c\u00efng v\u00edi c\u00b8c h\u00e9i c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh chu\u00c8n b\u00de l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng cho C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m n\u00a8m 1945. Trong cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng M\u00fc, c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong c\u00abng cu\u00e9c x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc, \u00a7\u00b6ng D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p quan tr\u00e4ng v\u00b5o vi\u00d6c t\u00a8ng c\u2212\u00eang v\u00b5 c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 kh\u00e8i \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t to\u00b5n d\u00a9n trong M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat, x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng v\u00b5 c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n, g\u00e3p ph\u00c7n th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u00e8i, ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam. \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c \u00a7\u00b6ng D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam (t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 18 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 20-10-1988) \u00ae\u00b7 ra tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \u00a7\u00b6ng ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh vai tr\u00df l\u00dech s\u00f6 v\u00b5 k\u00d5t th\u00f3c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng. Tr.17. 4. Hi\u00d5n ch\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b9i T\u00a9y D\u2212\u00acng: T\u00f8c b\u00b6n tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 gi\u00f7a hai n\u2212\u00edc M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh, do T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng M\u00fc Rud\u00acven v\u00b5 Th\u00f1 t\u2212\u00edng Anh S\u00edcsin k\u00fd ng\u00b5y 14-8-1941, tr\u00aan m\u00e9t chi\u00d5m h\u00b9m \u00eb \u00a7\u00b9i T\u00a9y D\u2212\u00acng. Hi\u00d5n ch\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b9i T\u00a9y D\u2212\u00acng quy \u00ae\u00denh m\u00e9t s\u00e8 nguy\u00aan t\u00bec chung v\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, trong \u00ae\u00e3 n\u00e3i r\u00bbng ph\u00b6i ti\u00aau di\u00d6t ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt; th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 ch\u00f1 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t l\u00b5 quy\u00d2n l\u00f9a ch\u00e4n ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de v\u00b5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i; t\u2212\u00edc v\u00f2 kh\u00dd c\u00f1a b\u00e4n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec, v.v.. Song, tr\u00aan th\u00f9c t\u00d5, c\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00d2u ph\u00b6n b\u00e9i nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 k\u00fd k\u00d5t. Tr.32. 5. Vi\u00d6t Minh: T\u00aan g\u00e4i t\u00bet c\u00f1a Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e5ng minh, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp t\u00b9i P\u00b8c B\u00e3 (Cao B\u00bbng) ng\u00b5y 19-5-1941, theo s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh v\u00b5 Ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t c\u00f1a H\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 t\u00b8m Ban Ch\u00cap h\u00b5nh Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng. Vi\u00d6t Minh g\u00e5m c\u00b8c th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 707 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 c\u00b8c h\u00e9i c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c (H\u00e9i C\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i N\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i Thanh ni\u00aan c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c...). Vi\u00d6t Minh l\u00b5 M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat r\u00e9ng r\u00b7i, t\u00cbp h\u00eep \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6o c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng to l\u00edn \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00e8ng k\u00ce th\u00ef ch\u00ddnh c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Vi\u00d6t Nam l\u00b5 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt Nh\u00cbt. C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Vi\u00d6t Minh ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng to\u00b5n d\u00a9n tham gia cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p. \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c (h\u00e4p t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 3 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 7-3-1951) \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat hai t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e5ng minh (Vi\u00d6t Minh) v\u00b5 H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam (Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t) th\u00b5nh M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Li\u00aan - Vi\u00d6t. Tr.39. 6. \u00a7\u00b6ng X\u00b7 h\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam: Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ng\u00b5y 22-7-1946, nh\u00bbm t\u00cbp h\u00eep gi\u00edi tr\u00dd th\u00f8c Vi\u00d6t Nam y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc. Sau khi th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp, \u00a7\u00b6ng X\u00b7 h\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam t\u00f9 nguy\u00d6n gia nh\u00cbp H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p trong cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng M\u00fc, c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc c\u00f2ng nh\u2212 trong c\u00abng cu\u00e9c x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc. Ng\u00b5y 15-10-1988, t\u00b9i Nh\u00b5 h\u00b8t l\u00edn th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, \u00ae\u00b7 di\u00d4n ra cu\u00e9c m\u00ddt tinh tr\u00e4ng th\u00d3 k\u00d5t th\u00f3c 42 n\u00a8m ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng X\u00b7 h\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam. Tr.39. 7. Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n Th\u00f1 \u00ae\u00ab: T\u00aan ban \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00b5 Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n Li\u00aan khu I, c\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n 102, thu\u00e9c S\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n 308. Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n ra \u00ae\u00eai ng\u00b5y 7-1-1947, tr\u00aan c\u00ac s\u00eb c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de V\u00d6 qu\u00e8c \u00aeo\u00b5n v\u00b5 t\u00f9 v\u00d6 chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau Li\u00aan khu I (ch\u00f1 y\u00d5u thu\u00e9c khu v\u00f9c qu\u00cbn Ho\u00b5n Ki\u00d5m ng\u00b5y nay) g\u00e5m kho\u00b6ng 2.000 ng\u2212\u00eai. C\u00efng v\u00edi qu\u00a9n d\u00a9n H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau anh d\u00f2ng, giam ch\u00a9n qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p trong 60 ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u00aam, r\u00e5i m\u2212u tr\u00dd v\u00b5 t\u00b8o b\u00b9o v\u2212\u00eet qua v\u00dfng v\u00a9y c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech, r\u00f3t lui an to\u00b5n ra v\u00efng t\u00f9 do. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c ng\u00b5y 12-1-1947 \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh t\u00c6ng Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n danh hi\u00d6u Trung \u00aeo\u00b5n Th\u00f1 \u00ae\u00ab. Tr.44. 8. Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai (1939 - 1945): Cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh do","708 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c, \u00fd, Nh\u00cbt g\u00a9y ra v\u00edi \u00a9m m\u2212u chia l\u00b9i th\u00de tr\u2212\u00eang th\u00d5 gi\u00edi v\u00b5 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t n\u2212\u00edc Nga X\u00abvi\u00d5t. Do t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh v\u00b5 \u00a9m m\u2212u c\u00f1a c\u00b8c th\u00d5 l\u00f9c ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt, cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh n\u00e6 ra \u00eb t\u00f5ng v\u00efng c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat kh\u00b8c nhau. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 9-1939 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 6-1941 l\u00b5 chi\u00d5n tranh gi\u00f7a n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00f8c ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt v\u00edi c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c; t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 6-1941 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 8-1945, cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00f1 y\u00d5u di\u00d4n ra tr\u00aan m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn X\u00ab - \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 12-1941 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 9-1945, cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh do ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt Nh\u00cbt g\u00a9y ra \u00eb ch\u00a9u \u00b8 v\u00b5 Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng. Cu\u00e9c Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai \u00ae\u00b7 cu\u00e8n h\u00f3t 72 n\u2212\u00edc v\u00edi 1.700 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b5o v\u00dfng chi\u00d5n. 60 tri\u00d6u ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d5t v\u00b5 m\u00e9t kh\u00e8i l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a c\u00b6i v\u00cbt ch\u00cat kh\u00e6ng l\u00e5 b\u00de chi\u00d5n tranh ti\u00aau h\u00f1y. Chi\u00d5n tranh k\u00d5t th\u00f3c v\u00edi s\u00f9 th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng \u00a7\u00e5ng minh, trong \u00ae\u00e3 Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00e3ng vai tr\u00df quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh. C\u00b8c l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de ti\u00aau di\u00d6t. Li\u00aan X\u00ab kh\u00abng nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00b5nh th\u00beng l\u00eei v\u00ce vang trong cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh gi\u00f7 n\u2212\u00edc v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i (1941 - 1945) m\u00b5 c\u00dfn tr\u00f9c ti\u00d5p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng nhi\u00d2u n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00a2u kh\u00e1i tai h\u00e4a ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt. Th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00cay \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00b9o \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n cho nhi\u00d2u n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00b8 gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00beng l\u00eei trong s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Tr.58. 9. \u00a7o\u00b5n th\u00d3: \u00a7o\u00b5n th\u00d3 m\u00b5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh n\u00e3i trong b\u00b5i n\u00b5y v\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00e8 b\u00b5i kh\u00b8c l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng ta sau khi tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 s\u00b8ch l\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 gi\u00b6i t\u00b8n. Ng\u00b5y 11-11-1945, Ban Ch\u00cap h\u00b5nh Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng h\u00e4p v\u00b5 ra Ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \\\"t\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e9ng gi\u00b6i t\u00b8n\\\", \u00ae\u00d3 \u201cph\u00b8 tan t\u00cat c\u00b6 nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u hi\u00d3u l\u00c7m \u00eb ngo\u00b5i n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 \u00eb trong n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 th\u00d3 tr\u00eb ng\u00b9i cho ti\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e5 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc nh\u00b5\u201d. Tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \\\"t\u00f9 gi\u00b6i t\u00b8n\\\" nh\u2212ng th\u00f9c ch\u00cat l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng r\u00f3t v\u00b5o ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng b\u00dd m\u00cbt v\u00b5 v\u00c9n gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng vai tr\u00df l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00abng cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c. Ng\u00b5y 5-12-1945, b\u00b8o S\u00f9 th\u00cbt - C\u00ac quan trung \u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a H\u00e9i Nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (t\u00f8c t\u00ea b\u00b8o c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng l\u00f3c \u00ae\u00e3) \u00ae\u2212\u00eec xu\u00cat b\u00b6n. Th\u00b8ng 2-1951, c\u00a8n c\u00f8 v\u00b5o t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh v\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei v\u00d2 m\u00e4i m\u00c6t c\u00f1a c\u00abng cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c, \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i l\u00c7n th\u00f8 II c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 709 \u00a7\u00b6ng ra ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00abng khai v\u00b5 l\u00cay t\u00aan l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng Vi\u00d6t Nam, ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00beng l\u00eei. Tr.68. 10. Tho\u00b6 hi\u00d6p ng\u00b5y 6-3-1946: T\u00f8c Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh s\u00ac b\u00e9 do Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh thay m\u00c6t Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 k\u00fd v\u00edi Xanht\u00acny, \u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p ng\u00b5y 6-3-1946, t\u00b9i H\u00b5 N\u00e9i. N\u00e9i dung c\u00ac b\u00b6n c\u00f1a Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh s\u00ac b\u00e9 l\u00b5: Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p c\u00abng nh\u00cbn n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t qu\u00e8c gia t\u00f9 do n\u00bbm trong kh\u00e8i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p Ph\u00b8p. N\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam c\u00e3 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, Ngh\u00de vi\u00d6n, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 t\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh ri\u00aang. S\u00f9 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc s\u00cf do tr\u2212ng c\u00c7u d\u00a9n \u00fd quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh. Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e5ng \u00fd vi\u00d6c 15.000 qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec thay th\u00d5 qu\u00a9n T\u2212\u00ebng r\u00f3t v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc. S\u00e8 qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e3ng \u00eb nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci quy \u00ae\u00denh v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Vi\u00d6t Nam trong 5 n\u00a8m, m\u00e7i n\u00a8m r\u00f3t m\u00e9t ph\u00c7n n\u00a8m s\u00e8 qu\u00a9n. Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i hai b\u00aan ng\u00f5ng b\u00ben v\u00b5 \u00eb nguy\u00aan v\u00de tr\u00dd \u00ae\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n. Vi\u00d6c k\u00fd Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh s\u00ac b\u00e9 l\u00b5 m\u00e9t bi\u00d6n ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben, s\u00b8ng t\u00b9o. Nh\u00ea \u00ae\u00e3, ch\u00f3ng ta \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00c8y nhanh qu\u00a9n T\u2212\u00ebng v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc, lo\u00b9i tr\u00f5 cho c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng m\u00e9t k\u00ce th\u00ef nguy hi\u00d3m, ph\u00b8 tan \u00a9m m\u2212u c\u00f1a c\u00b8c th\u00d5 l\u00f9c \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c c\u00a9u k\u00d5t v\u00edi nhau h\u00dfng b\u00b8n \u00ae\u00f8ng Vi\u00d6t Nam cho Ph\u00b8p, gi\u00b5nh th\u00aam th\u00eai gian ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00d3 x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng v\u00b5 c\u00f1ng c\u00e8 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00d2 m\u00e4i m\u00c6t, chu\u00c8n b\u00de cho cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00a9u d\u00b5i. Tr.99. 11. N\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Nam K\u00fa: Sau khi k\u00fd Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh s\u00ac b\u00e9 ng\u00b5y 6-3-1946, th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p t\u00d7m m\u00e4i c\u00b8ch tr\u00d7 ho\u00b7n cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00b5m ph\u00b8n ch\u00ddnh th\u00f8c gi\u00f7a Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p, ch\u00f3ng li\u00aan ti\u00d5p vi ph\u00b9m Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh, ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb Nam B\u00e9 v\u00b5 Nam Trung B\u00e9, l\u00cbp c\u00b8i g\u00e4i l\u00b5 \\\"Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Nam K\u00fa\\\" (ng\u00b5y 1-6-1946) v\u00b5 \\\"n\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Nam K\u00fa\\\" h\u00dfng chia c\u00bet \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam. Tr.99. 12. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00a7\u00b5 L\u00b9t th\u00f8 hai: Ng\u00b5y 1-8-1946, trong khi H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Ph\u00abngtenn\u00acbl\u00ab \u00aeang h\u00e4p, G.T.\u00a7\u00b8cgi\u00a8ngli\u00ac - \u00ae\u00b9i di\u00d6n c\u00f1a Ph\u00b8p \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c m\u00e9t h\u00e9i ngh\u00de g\u00e4i l\u00b5 \\\"H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Li\u00aan bang \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng\\\" \u00eb \u00a7\u00b5 L\u00b9t bao g\u00e5m nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u b\u00ef nh\u00d7n c\u00f1a Campuchia, L\u00b5o, Nam B\u00e9,","710 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Nam Trung B\u00e9 v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p v\u00edi \u00a9m m\u2212u t\u00f5ng b\u2212\u00edc chi\u00d5m l\u00b9i \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, chia c\u00bet Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 c\u00ab l\u00cbp Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. Tr.99. 13. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Ph\u00abngtenn\u00acbl\u00ab: H\u00e9i ngh\u00de gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 quan h\u00d6 Vi\u00d6t - Ph\u00b8p, h\u00e4p t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 6 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 9-1946, t\u00b9i Ph\u00abngtenn\u00acbl\u00ab (Ph\u00b8p). \u00a7o\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 do \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd Ph\u00b9m V\u00a8n \u00a7\u00e5ng d\u00c9n \u00ae\u00c7u. \u00a7o\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p do M\u00bec \u00a1ng\u00aer\u00aa d\u00c9n \u00ae\u00c7u. Do th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 ngoan c\u00e8 c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p mu\u00e8n kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng, b\u00bet nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng tr\u00eb l\u00b9i l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6 l\u00c7n n\u00f7a v\u00b5 chia c\u00bet n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam, cho n\u00aan c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 v\u00d2 quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn t\u00b9i H\u00e9i ngh\u00de kh\u00abng \u00aei \u00ae\u00d5n k\u00d5t qu\u00b6. Sau khi k\u00dech li\u00d6t ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i l\u00cbp tr\u2212\u00eang h\u00d5t s\u00f8c ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a ph\u00dda Ph\u00b8p, ng\u00b5y 13-9-1946, \u00a7o\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Ph\u00abngtenn\u00acbl\u00ab b\u00de b\u00e1 d\u00eb, kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b9t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch l\u00b5 k\u00fd m\u00e9t hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc ch\u00ddnh th\u00f8c gi\u00f7a ta v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p. Nh\u2212ng H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 l\u00b5m cho d\u2212 lu\u00cbn qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 ch\u00f3 \u00fd \u00ae\u00d5n Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 hi\u00d3u \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nguy\u00d6n v\u00e4ng tha thi\u00d5t c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Vi\u00d6t Nam l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp v\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat. Tr.99. 14. Phe \u00a7\u00e5ng minh: Li\u00aan minh c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00e8ng ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt trong cu\u00e9c Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai (1939 - 1945). Th\u00b8ng 1-1942, t\u00b9i Oasinht\u00acn (M\u00fc), 26 n\u2212\u00edc \u00a7\u00e5ng minh, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 Li\u00aan X\u00ab, Anh, M\u00fc k\u00fd Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn ch\u00e8ng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec, c\u00efng cam k\u00d5t trong cu\u00e9c Chi\u00d5n tranh n\u00b5y kh\u00abng c\u00e3 s\u00f9 gi\u00b6ng ho\u00b5 ri\u00aang r\u00cf. Tuy v\u00cby, m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch c\u00f1a vi\u00d6c k\u00fd Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn r\u00cat kh\u00b8c nhau. Li\u00aan X\u00ab k\u00fd Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn n\u00b5y nh\u00bbm t\u00a8ng th\u00aam l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng \u00ae\u00d3 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt, th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n vi\u00d6c kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00a2u; c\u00dfn M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh k\u00fd Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn c\u00f2ng nh\u00bbm \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00b9i l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 Nh\u00cbt, nh\u2212ng ti\u00d5n t\u00edi x\u00b8c l\u00cbp quy\u00d2n b\u00b8 ch\u00f1 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. V\u00d2 sau, c\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 M\u00fc v\u00b5 Anh \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b6n b\u00e9i l\u00b9i nh\u00f7ng \u00aei\u00d2u h\u00e4 \u00ae\u00b7 cam k\u00d5t trong Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn. Tr.100. 15. Ban Trung \u2212\u00acng v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00a7\u00eai s\u00e8ng m\u00edi: Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, nh\u00bbm gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n n\u00d5p s\u00e8ng m\u00edi y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, c\u00c7n ki\u00d6m li\u00aam ch\u00ddnh, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai b\u00b5i tr\u00f5 c\u00b8c h\u00f1 t\u00f4c, t\u00cbp qu\u00b8n l\u00b9c h\u00cbu","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 711 v\u00b5 c\u00b8c th\u00e3i h\u2212 t\u00cbt x\u00cau, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh k\u00fd S\u00bec l\u00d6nh s\u00e8 44-SL, ng\u00b5y 3-4-1946, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Ban Trung \u2212\u00acng v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00a7\u00eai s\u00e8ng m\u00edi g\u00e5m: B\u00b5 \u00a7o\u00b5n T\u00a9m \u00a7an, c\u00b8c \u00abng: Nguy\u00d4n Quang O\u00b8nh, Tr\u00c7n Huy Li\u00d6u, D\u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00f8c Hi\u00d2n, V\u00f2 \u00a7\u00d7nh Ho\u00cc, Nguy\u00d4n T\u00can Gi Tr\u00e4ng, Nguy\u00d4n Huy T\u2212\u00ebng, \u00a7\u00e7 \u00a7\u00f8c D\u00f4c, Ph\u00b9m Bi\u00d3u T\u00a9m. Nh\u00b5 v\u00a8n Nguy\u00d4n Huy T\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 l\u00b5m T\u00e6ng Th\u2212 k\u00fd Ban. T\u00b8c ph\u00c8m \u00a7\u00eai s\u00e8ng m\u00edi c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh (vi\u00d5t th\u00b8ng 3-1947) v\u00edi b\u00f3t danh T\u00a9n Sinh \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec Ban Trung \u2212\u00acng v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00a7\u00eai s\u00e8ng m\u00edi xu\u00cat b\u00b6n n\u00a8m 1947. Tr.109. 16. H\u00e9i c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c: H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Trung \u2212\u00acng l\u00c7n th\u00f8 t\u00b8m h\u00e4p t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 10 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 19-5-1941, t\u00b9i P\u00b8c B\u00e3 (Cao B\u00bbng), x\u00b8c \u00ae\u00denh nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp cho \u00ae\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc l\u00b5 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 tr\u2212\u00edc h\u00d5t c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ta. \u00a7\u00d3 t\u00cbp h\u00eep v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6o th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00e3, H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d2 ra h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn d\u00a9n t\u00e9c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat v\u00b5 c\u00b8c \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 m\u00edi ph\u00ef h\u00eep v\u00edi s\u00f9 chuy\u00d3n h\u2212\u00edng ch\u00d8 \u00ae\u00b9o chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec. Theo \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh, H\u00e9i ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e5ng minh (Vi\u00d6t Minh). C\u00b8c \u00aeo\u00b5n th\u00d3 y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan c\u00f1a M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Vi\u00d6t Minh \u00ae\u00d2u l\u00cay t\u00aan l\u00b5 c\u00b8c H\u00e9i c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c thay cho c\u00b8c H\u00e9i ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00d5 tr\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00a9y: H\u00e9i C\u00abng nh\u00a9n c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i N\u00abng d\u00a9n c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i Ph\u00f4 n\u00f7 c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, H\u00e9i Nhi \u00ae\u00e5ng c\u00f8u qu\u00e8c, v.v.. Tr.119. 17. H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam (g\u00e4i t\u00bet l\u00b5 H\u00e9i Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t): Th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp ng\u00b5y 29-5-1946 theo ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng ta v\u00b5 s\u00b8ng ki\u00d5n c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. H\u00e9i nh\u00bbm thu h\u00f3t nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc ch\u2212a tham gia M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Vi\u00d6t Minh. H\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan l\u00b5 c\u00f4 Hu\u00fanh Th\u00f3c Kh\u00b8ng. Th\u00b8ng 3-1951, H\u00e9i Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t v\u00b5 M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Vi\u00d6t Minh h\u00eep nh\u00cat th\u00b5nh M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Li\u00aan - Vi\u00d6t. Tr.119. 18. Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p tranh lu\u00cbn v\u00d2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 Vi\u00d6t Nam: Ng\u00b5y 13-3-1947, Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00eb cu\u00e9c th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00d2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 Vi\u00d6t Nam. Cu\u00e9c th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b7 di\u00d4n ra gay g\u00bet gi\u00f7a \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00f1a ph\u00b8i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng Ph\u00b8p v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9, \u00ae\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n","712 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP Ph\u00b8p. Ph\u00b8i ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00b8nh Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e9t ch\u00f5ng m\u00f9c nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh n\u00b5o \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00edi \u00ae\u00b5m ph\u00b8n, nh\u2212ng kh\u00abng \u00ae\u00b5m ph\u00b8n v\u00edi Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh. \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n v\u00b5 nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 ti\u00d5n b\u00e9 th\u00d7 \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de ph\u00b6i d\u00b5n x\u00d5p ngay v\u00b5 d\u00b5n x\u00d5p v\u00edi Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh v\u00b5 Vi\u00d6t Minh. Sau nhi\u00d2u cu\u00e9c tranh lu\u00cbn gay g\u00bet, ng\u00b5y 19-3-1947, \u00aea s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00e1 phi\u00d5u t\u00b8n th\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p. \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Ph\u00b8p kh\u00abng b\u00e1 phi\u00d5u \u00ae\u00d3 ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng n\u00b5y. Tr.131. 19. B\u00b8o V\u00d6 qu\u00e8c qu\u00a9n: C\u00ac quan tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n v\u00b5 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i ta. B\u00b8o ra h\u00b5ng tu\u00c7n, s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan ra ng\u00b5y 22-3-1947. N\u00a8m 1950, b\u00b8o V\u00d6 qu\u00e8c qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 b\u00b8o Qu\u00a9n du k\u00ddch s\u00b8p nh\u00cbp th\u00b5nh b\u00b8o Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. Tr.135. 20. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, t\u00f9 v\u00d6 v\u00b5 du k\u00ddch to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c: H\u00e4p ng\u00b5y 24-5-1947, t\u00b9i Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 ki\u00d3m \u00aei\u00d3m ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng c\u00f1a d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, t\u00f9 v\u00d6 v\u00b5 du k\u00ddch; b\u00b5n vi\u00d6c th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, t\u00f9 v\u00d6 v\u00b5 du k\u00ddch trong c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc; c\u00abng b\u00e8 10 l\u00eai th\u00d2 danh d\u00f9 v\u00b5 12 \u00aei\u00d2u k\u00fb lu\u00cbt d\u00a9n v\u00cbn c\u00f1a d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, t\u00f9 v\u00d6 v\u00b5 du k\u00ddch. Tr.158. 21. Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c: L\u00b5 m\u00e9t t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp t\u00b9i H\u00e9i ngh\u00de h\u00e4p \u00eb Xan Phranxixc\u00ab (M\u00fc), t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 24-4 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 26-6-1945. \u00a7\u00b9i di\u00d6n c\u00f1a 50 n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00b7 k\u00fd tham gia Hi\u00d5n ch\u2212\u00acng Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c. Hi\u00d5n ch\u2212\u00acng b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00e3 hi\u00d6u l\u00f9c t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 24-10-1945. V\u00d7 v\u00cby, ng\u00b5y 24-10 h\u00bbng n\u00a8m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Ng\u00b5y Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c. Hi\u00d5n ch\u2212\u00acng Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c n\u00aau r\u00e2: M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 n\u00b5y l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d3 ng\u00a8n ng\u00f5a v\u00b5 lo\u00b9i tr\u00f5 nh\u00f7ng m\u00e8i \u00aee d\u00e4a \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ho\u00b5 b\u00d7nh, ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n quan h\u00d6 th\u00a9n thi\u00d6n gi\u00f7a c\u00b8c d\u00a9n t\u00e9c v\u00b5 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n s\u00f9 h\u00eep t\u00b8c gi\u00f7a c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 qu\u00e8c t\u00d5; t\u00abn tr\u00e4ng c\u00b8c quy\u00d2n t\u00f9 do c\u00a8n b\u00b6n c\u00f1a con ng\u2212\u00eai, kh\u00abng ph\u00a9n bi\u00d6t ch\u00f1ng t\u00e9c, nam, n\u00f7, t\u00ddn ng\u2212\u00ecng v\u00b5 ti\u00d5ng n\u00e3i. T\u00cat c\u00b6 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc h\u00e9i vi\u00aan \u00ae\u00d2u b\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00bcng, kh\u00abng m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5o c\u00e3 quy\u00d2n can thi\u00d6p v\u00b5o c\u00b8c c\u00abng vi\u00d6c n\u00e9i b\u00e9 c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc kh\u00b8c.","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 713 Tr\u00f4 s\u00eb Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00c6t t\u00b9i Niu O\u00e3c (M\u00fc). \u00a7\u00d5n n\u00a8m 2010, Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c c\u00e3 192 n\u2212\u00edc th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan. Ng\u00b5y 20-9-1977, n\u2212\u00edc C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca Vi\u00d6t Nam gia nh\u00cbp Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c. Tr.164. 22. Ng\u00b5y To\u00b5n qu\u00e8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n: Tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec tr\u00beng tr\u00een c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, \u00ae\u00aam 19-12-1946, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh ra L\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n. Ng\u2212\u00eai v\u00b9ch tr\u00c7n d\u00b7 t\u00a9m x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, \u00ae\u00e5ng th\u00eai kh\u00bcng \u00ae\u00denh \u00fd ch\u00dd c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta: \\\"Ch\u00f3ng ta th\u00b5 hy sinh t\u00cat c\u00b6, ch\u00f8 nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh kh\u00abng ch\u00deu m\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc, nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh kh\u00abng ch\u00deu l\u00b5m n\u00ab l\u00d6\\\"; \\\"D\u00ef ph\u00b6i gian lao kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, nh\u2212ng v\u00edi m\u00e9t l\u00dfng ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t hy sinh, th\u00beng l\u00eei nh\u00cat \u00ae\u00denh v\u00d2 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta\\\". Ngay \u00ae\u00aam 19-12-1946, c\u00b6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta nh\u00cat t\u00d2 \u00ae\u00f8ng d\u00cby ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec. Ng\u00b5y 19-12 \u00aei v\u00b5o l\u00dech s\u00f6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Vi\u00d6t Nam - Ng\u00b5y To\u00b5n qu\u00e8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n. Tr.178. 23. Ng\u00b5y Th\u2212\u00acng binh li\u00d6t s\u00dc 27-7: Th\u00b8ng 6-1947, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh ch\u00d8 th\u00de ch\u00e4n m\u00e9t ng\u00b5y trong n\u00a8m l\u00b5m Ng\u00b5y Th\u2212\u00acng binh \u00ae\u00d3 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta c\u00e3 d\u00dep t\u00e1 l\u00dfng bi\u00d5t \u00acn, y\u00aau m\u00d5n th\u2212\u00acng binh. Th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n ch\u00d8 th\u00de c\u00f1a Ng\u2212\u00eai, m\u00e9t h\u00e9i ngh\u00de tr\u00ef b\u00de g\u00e5m \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan, c\u00b8c ng\u00b5nh \u00eb trung \u2212\u00acng, kh\u00e8i v\u00b5 t\u00d8nh \u00ae\u00b7 h\u00e4p \u00eb Ph\u00f3 Minh (\u00a7\u00b9i T\u00f5, Th\u00b8i Nguy\u00aan) th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 nh\u00cat tr\u00dd l\u00cay ng\u00b5y 27-7-1947 l\u00b5m \\\"Ng\u00b5y Th\u2212\u00acng binh li\u00d6t s\u00dc\\\" \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan trong c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc. T\u00f5 \u00ae\u00e3, ng\u00b5y 27-7 h\u00bbng n\u00a8m tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh \\\"Ng\u00b5y Th\u2212\u00acng binh li\u00d6t s\u00dc\\\". Tr.204. 24. Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nam D\u2212\u00acng: Sau khi In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia (Nam D\u2212\u00acng) gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp, ng\u00b5y 18-8-1945, \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c H\u00b5 Lan n\u00f3p sau l\u2212ng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Anh ti\u00d5n v\u00b5o In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia t\u00d7m c\u00b8ch kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c l\u00b9i ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 th\u00f9c d\u00a9n \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5y. Ng\u00b5y 2-7-1947, \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c H\u00b5 Lan huy \u00ae\u00e9ng 20 v\u00b9n qu\u00a9n trang b\u00de v\u00f2 kh\u00dd hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i, ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia. Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u. Trong d\u00dep n\u00b5y, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 vi\u00d5t th\u2212 g\u00f6i c\u00b8c chi\u00d5n s\u00dc v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n","714 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia, bi\u00d3u th\u00de s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e5ng t\u00d7nh, \u00f1ng h\u00e9 c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n In\u00ae\u00abn\u00aaxia v\u00b5 \\\"tin ch\u00bec r\u00bbng cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n anh d\u00f2ng c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nam D\u2212\u00acng s\u00cf th\u00beng l\u00eei\\\". Tr.208. 25. C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m: Cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam, n\u00e6 ra v\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 8-1945. D\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng, t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 14 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 28-8-1945, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc ta \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00efng d\u00cby T\u00e6ng kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca th\u00beng l\u00eei. Ng\u00b5y 2-9-1945, t\u00b9i Qu\u00b6ng tr\u2212\u00eang Ba \u00a7\u00d7nh (H\u00b5 N\u00e9i), Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e4c b\u00b6n Tuy\u00aan ng\u00abn \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 tr\u2212\u00edc nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5 th\u00d5 gi\u00edi: N\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 ra \u00ae\u00eai. C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m n\u00a8m 1945 l\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan c\u00f1a ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c - L\u00aanin \u00eb m\u00e9t n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea n\u00f6a phong ki\u00d5n. C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00cbp tan xi\u00d2ng x\u00ddch c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt Nh\u00cbt, l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 qu\u00a9n ch\u00f1 phong ki\u00d5n, l\u00cbp n\u00aan Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5, nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc c\u00abng n\u00abng \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng Nam ch\u00a9u \u00b8. Th\u00beng l\u00eei c\u00f1a C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212a n\u2212\u00edc ta b\u2212\u00edc sang m\u00e9t k\u00fb nguy\u00aan m\u00edi - k\u00fb nguy\u00aan \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp, t\u00f9 do v\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca x\u00b7 h\u00e9i. Tr.216. 26. Ng\u00b5y Nam B\u00e9 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n: Ng\u00b5y 23-9-1945, th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Anh gi\u00f3p s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00e6 s\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b8nh chi\u00d5m tr\u00f4 s\u00eb U\u00fb ban nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nam B\u00e9 t\u00b9i S\u00b5i G\u00dfn. Ngay chi\u00d2u h\u00abm \u00ae\u00e3, d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a X\u00f8 u\u00fb Nam B\u00e9 v\u00b5 U\u00fb ban nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Nam B\u00e9, nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n S\u00b5i G\u00dfn \u00ae\u00b7 t\u00e6ng \u00ae\u00d7nh c\u00abng, kh\u00abng h\u00eep t\u00b8c v\u00edi gi\u00c6c Ph\u00b8p. M\u00e9t v\u00b9n r\u2212\u00eci t\u00f9 v\u00d6 c\u00efng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n l\u00cbp ch\u2212\u00edng ng\u00b9i v\u00cbt tr\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang ph\u00e8, \u00ae\u00b8nh tr\u00b6 quy\u00d5t li\u00d6t qu\u00a9n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec, m\u00eb \u00ae\u00c7u cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o Nam B\u00e9 ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p. Ng\u00b5y 23-9 \u00aei v\u00b5o truy\u00d2n th\u00e8ng l\u00dech s\u00f6 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta - Ng\u00b5y Nam B\u00e9 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n. Tr.248. 27. S\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c: T\u00b8c ph\u00c8m do Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh, v\u00edi b\u00f3t danh X.Y.Z., vi\u00d5t xong th\u00b8ng 10-1947. T\u00b8c ph\u00c8m ra \u00ae\u00eai trong ho\u00b5n c\u00b6nh \u00a7\u00b6ng ta tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 715 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec hai n\u00a8m nh\u2212ng c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng c\u00dfn g\u00c6p r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u kh\u00e3 kh\u00a8n, th\u00f6 th\u00b8ch, nh\u00cat l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p quay l\u00b9i x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec. Th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00ae\u00dfi h\u00e1i ph\u00b6i t\u00cbp trung cao \u00ae\u00e9 s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh to\u00b5n \u00a7\u00b6ng, to\u00b5n d\u00a9n cho nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c th\u00beng l\u00eei. Trong khi \u00ae\u00e3, s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a c\u00b8c c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00a7\u00b6ng, ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n b\u00e9c l\u00e9 nhi\u00d2u khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m v\u00d2 ph\u2212\u00acng th\u00f8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c, v\u00d2 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c v\u00b5 l\u00e8i s\u00e8ng. Nh\u00cbn th\u00f8c s\u00a9u s\u00bec \u00aei\u00d2u n\u00b5y, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 vi\u00d5t S\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c \u00ae\u00e9i ng\u00f2 c\u00b8n b\u00e9, \u00ae\u00b6ng vi\u00aan, s\u00f6a ch\u00f7a c\u00b8c khuy\u00d5t \u00aei\u00d3m, ho\u00b5n th\u00b5nh nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c trao cho. S\u00f6a \u00ae\u00e6i l\u00e8i l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng t\u00b8c ph\u00c8m r\u00cat quan tr\u00e4ng c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh v\u00d2 c\u00abng t\u00b8c x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng \u00a7\u00b6ng trong \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n. Gi\u00b8 tr\u00de c\u00f1a t\u00b8c ph\u00c8m v\u00c9n mang t\u00ddnh th\u00eai s\u00f9 \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi c\u00abng t\u00b8c x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng \u00a7\u00b6ng hi\u00d6n nay. Tr.269. 28. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch M\u00b8csan: K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch vi\u00d6n tr\u00ee c\u00f1a M\u00fc nh\u00bbm kh\u00abi ph\u00f4c c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00a2u sau Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai (1939 - 1945), do Ngo\u00b9i tr\u2212\u00ebng M\u00fc G.M\u00b8csan \u00ae\u2212a ra trong di\u00d4n v\u00a8n t\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e4c Hav\u00edt (ng\u00b5y 5-6-1947). Ng\u00b5y 3-4-1948, Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00abng qua \\\"\u00a7\u00b9o lu\u00cbt v\u00d2 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec c\u00b8c qu\u00e8c gia kh\u00b8c\\\" theo K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch M\u00b8csan. Theo \u00a7\u00b9o lu\u00cbt n\u00b5y, Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 M\u00fc cho c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc T\u00a9y \u00a2u vay, nh\u2212ng M\u00fc s\u00cf gi\u00b8m s\u00b8t; khi s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng c\u00b8c kho\u00b6n ti\u00d2n vay ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec M\u00fc ph\u00aa chu\u00c8n v\u00b5 ph\u00b6i ng\u00f5ng bu\u00abn b\u00b8n v\u00edi Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. C\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc nh\u00cbn vi\u00d6n tr\u00ee kh\u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec s\u00b6n xu\u00cat nh\u00f7ng h\u00b5ng ho\u00b8 c\u00e3 t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat c\u00b9nh tranh v\u00edi M\u00fc; ph\u00b6i d\u00efng ti\u00d2n vi\u00d6n tr\u00ee c\u00f1a M\u00fc mua h\u00b5ng M\u00fc; 50% h\u00b5ng ho\u00b8 ph\u00b6i do t\u00b5u b\u00cc c\u00f1a M\u00fc chuy\u00aan ch\u00eb; ph\u00b6i nh\u00cbn cung c\u00cap cho M\u00fc c\u00b8c v\u00cbt t\u2212 chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec; ph\u00b6i b\u00b6o h\u00e9 quy\u00d2n l\u00eei khai th\u00b8c v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00c7u t\u2212 c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nh\u00b5 kinh doanh M\u00fc. K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch M\u00b8csan th\u00f9c ch\u00cat l\u00b5 k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc xu\u00cat kh\u00c8u h\u00b5ng ho\u00b8 v\u00b5 t\u2212 b\u00b6n cho vay c\u00f1a M\u00fc, nh\u00bbm gi\u00b5nh th\u00de tr\u2212\u00eang ti\u00aau th\u00f4, ngu\u00e5n nguy\u00aan li\u00d6u v\u00b5 n\u00aci \u00ae\u00c7u t\u2212 \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc T\u00a9y \u00a2u v\u00b5 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f1a c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00e3. \u00a7\u00e3 l\u00b5 c\u00abng c\u00f4 c\u00f1a M\u00fc d\u00efng \u00ae\u00d3 bu\u00e9c kinh t\u00d5 v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc T\u00a9y \u00a2u ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c v\u00b5o c\u00b8c t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c \u00ae\u00e9c quy\u00d2n M\u00fc. Tr.344.","716 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 29. Cu\u00e9c t\u00can c\u00abng c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech l\u00aan Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec Thu - \u00a7\u00abng 1947: \u00a7\u00d3 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \u00a9m m\u2212u ti\u00aau di\u00d6t c\u00ac quan \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00b7o v\u00b5 b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u00f1 l\u00f9c c\u00f1a ta, nhanh ch\u00e3ng k\u00d5t th\u00f3c cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec, th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00eb cu\u00e9c h\u00b5nh qu\u00a9n c\u00b5n qu\u00d0t l\u00edn mang t\u00aan L\u00aaa Cl\u00abcl\u00ab, ti\u00d5n c\u00abng l\u00aan Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec. Ch\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00b7 huy \u00ae\u00e9ng 20.000 qu\u00a9n tinh nhu\u00d6, g\u00e5m 5 trung \u00aeo\u00b5n b\u00e9 binh, n\u00f6a l\u00f7 \u00aeo\u00b5n d\u00ef, 40 m\u00b8y bay v\u00b5 ph\u00c7n l\u00edn l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng thu\u00fb qu\u00a9n, c\u00ac gi\u00edi ph\u00e8i h\u00eep. Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh chi\u00d5n d\u00dech ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i cu\u00e9c c\u00b5n qu\u00d0t n\u00b5y, g\u00e4i l\u00b5 chi\u00d5n d\u00dech Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec Thu - \u00a7\u00abng 1947. Chi\u00d5n d\u00dech di\u00d4n ra t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 7-10 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 22-12-1947. Th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n Ch\u00d8 th\u00de c\u00f1a Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng \\\"ph\u00b6i ph\u00b8 cu\u00e9c t\u00can c\u00abng m\u00efa \u00a7\u00abng c\u00f1a gi\u00c6c Ph\u00b8p\\\", qu\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta \u00ae\u00b7 anh d\u00f2ng chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau tr\u00aan kh\u00bep c\u00b8c m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn, \u00ae\u00cbp tan k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u00b8nh nhanh, th\u00beng nhanh c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 an to\u00b5n Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, b\u00b6o to\u00b5n v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng, gi\u00f7 v\u00f7ng c\u00a8n c\u00f8 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc, \u00aeu\u00e6i \u00ae\u00dech ra kh\u00e1i Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec. Trong chi\u00d5n d\u00dech n\u00b5y, ta \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t 3.300 t\u00aan x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5 l\u00b5m b\u00de th\u2212\u00acng 3.900 t\u00aan, b\u00bet s\u00e8ng 270 t\u00aan, b\u00ben r\u00aci 18 m\u00b8y bay, b\u00ben ch\u00d7m v\u00b5 b\u00ben ch\u00b8y 54 ca n\u00ab v\u00b5 t\u00b5u chi\u00d5n, ph\u00b8 hu\u00fb 255 xe c\u00ac gi\u00edi, thu h\u00b5ng ngh\u00d7n s\u00f3ng v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e5 d\u00efng qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 kh\u00b8c. Tr.367. 30. Ng\u00b5y th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam (22-12): Th\u00b8ng 12-1944, t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi v\u00b5 trong n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u bi\u00d5n chuy\u00d3n thu\u00cbn l\u00eei, cu\u00e9c c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c c\u00e3 kh\u00b6 n\u00a8ng b\u00efng n\u00e6 v\u00b5 th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 ra Ch\u00d8 th\u00de th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp \u00a7\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n. Ch\u00d8 th\u00de n\u00aau r\u00e2: \\\"T\u00aan \u00a7\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de tr\u00e4ng h\u00acn qu\u00a9n s\u00f9\\\", \u00a7\u00e9i ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng theo nguy\u00aan t\u00bec t\u00cbp trung l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng, \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan to\u00b5n d\u00a9n, v\u00f2 trang to\u00b5n d\u00a9n, k\u00d5t h\u00eep x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u00f1 l\u00f9c v\u00edi x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00f2 trang \u00ae\u00dea ph\u2212\u00acng. V\u00d2 chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt, v\u00cbn d\u00f4ng l\u00e8i \u00ae\u00b8nh du k\u00ddch, b\u00dd m\u00cbt, nghi binh, nhanh ch\u00e3ng, t\u00ddch c\u00f9c, b\u00cat ng\u00ea. Ch\u00d8 th\u00de n\u00aau r\u00e2 ti\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e5 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00e9i r\u00cat v\u00ce vang, s\u00cf ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n ra c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc trong t\u2212\u00acng lai.","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 717 Th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n Ch\u00d8 th\u00de c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh, ng\u00b5y 22-12-1944, \u00a7\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n g\u00e5m 34 chi\u00d5n s\u00dc, do \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00dd V\u00e2 Nguy\u00aan Gi\u00b8p ch\u00d8 huy, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp t\u00b9i m\u00e9t khu r\u00f5ng n\u00bbm gi\u00f7a t\u00e6ng Tr\u00c7n H\u2212ng \u00a7\u00b9o v\u00b5 t\u00e6ng Ho\u00b5ng Hoa Th\u00b8m, huy\u00d6n Nguy\u00aan B\u00d7nh, nay thu\u00e9c x\u00b7 C\u00c8m L\u00fd, huy\u00d6n Ho\u00b5 An, t\u00d8nh Cao B\u00bbng. D\u2212\u00edi l\u00b8 c\u00ea \u00ae\u00e1 sao v\u00b5ng, to\u00b5n \u00a7\u00e9i \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e4c 10 l\u00eai th\u00d2 danh d\u00f9. Ngay sau ng\u00b5y th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp, \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng \u00cay \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng hai tr\u00cbn \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan \u00eb Phay Kh\u00bet v\u00b5 N\u00b5 Ng\u00c7n (Cao B\u00bbng) trong hai ng\u00b5y 24 v\u00b5 25-12-1944. Chi\u00d5n th\u00beng \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e6 v\u00f2 phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00aeu\u00e6i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, m\u00eb \u00ae\u2212\u00eang cho nh\u00f7ng th\u00beng l\u00eei ti\u00d5p theo. \u00a7\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng qu\u00a9n l\u00b5 ti\u00d2n th\u00a9n c\u00f1a Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam. Ng\u00b5y 22-12 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh ng\u00b5y truy\u00d2n th\u00e8ng l\u00dech s\u00f6 - Ng\u00b5y th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam. Tr.370. 31. Ph\u00b8p b\u00de \u00a7\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b8nh qu\u00fe: L\u00eei d\u00f4ng th\u00b8i \u00ae\u00e9 do d\u00f9 c\u00f1a Anh, Ph\u00b8p khi Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai n\u00e6 ra, ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c t\u00a8ng c\u2212\u00eang l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 nh\u00bbm \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00b9i l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00f1a Anh, Ph\u00b8p. T\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 10-5-1940, v\u00edi chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec \u201cchi\u00d5n tranh ch\u00edp nho\u00b8ng\u201d, ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng kho\u00b6ng 140 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n (c\u00e3 10 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n xe t\u00a8ng) v\u00b5 4.000 m\u00b8y bay t\u00can c\u00abng c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc B\u00d8, H\u00b5 Lan, L\u00f3cx\u00a8mbua v\u00b5 Ph\u00b8p. Tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f8c t\u00can c\u00abng \u00e5 \u00b9t v\u00b5 b\u00cat ng\u00ea c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c, li\u00aan qu\u00a9n Anh - Ph\u00b8p - B\u00d8 - H\u00b5 Lan r\u00e8i lo\u00b9n v\u00b5 nhanh ch\u00e3ng b\u00de bao v\u00a9y, chia c\u00bet. Ng\u00b5y 15-5, H\u00b5 Lan tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00b5ng \u00a7\u00f8c. Ng\u00b5y 28-5, B\u00d8 ch\u00cap nh\u00cbn h\u00b9 v\u00f2 kh\u00dd. 338.000 li\u00aan qu\u00a9n Anh - Ph\u00b8p b\u00de qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c d\u00e5n v\u00b5o \u201ct\u00f3i \u00a7oongk\u00d0c\u201d v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00f8ng tr\u2212\u00edc nguy c\u00ac b\u00de ti\u00aau di\u00d6t, nh\u2212ng may m\u00ben v\u2212\u00eet qua \u00ae\u2212\u00eec eo bi\u00d3n M\u00a8ngs\u00ac ch\u00b9y sang Anh. Qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c \u00b5o \u00b9t tr\u00b5n v\u00b5o n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p. Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p b\u00e1 Pari ch\u00b9y v\u00d2 Bo\u00e3c\u00ae\u00ab v\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212a P\u00aatanh l\u00aan c\u00c7m quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00d3 \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh v\u00edi \u00a7\u00f8c. Ng\u00b5y 22-6-1940, Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 P\u00aatanh k\u00fd Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh \u00ae\u00d7nh chi\u00d5n v\u00edi \u00a7\u00f8c, theo \u00ae\u00e3, qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng tr\u00aan 2\/3 l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p, bao g\u00e5m c\u00b6 Pari. Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 P\u00aatanh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec t\u00f9 tr\u00de v\u00efng ph\u00dda Nam, \u00ae\u00e3ng t\u00b9i Visi (n\u00aan c\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Visi) v\u00b5 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh b\u00ef nh\u00d7n c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00f8c. M\u00e9t b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn ng\u2212\u00eai Ph\u00b8p do \u00a7\u00ea G\u00abn c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u ch\u00b9y sang Lu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00abn (Anh) d\u00f9a v\u00b5o Anh - M\u00fc l\u00cbp Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p t\u00f9 do \u00ae\u00d3 ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c. Tr.399.","718 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP 32. \u00a7\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b8nh T\u00a9y Ban Nha v\u00b5 vi\u00d6c th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 gi\u00f3p T\u00a9y Ban Nha: Ng\u00b5y 17-6-1936, c\u00b8c th\u00d5 l\u00f9c c\u00f9c h\u00f7u \u00eb T\u00a9y Ban Nha do t\u2212\u00edng Franc\u00ab c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh b\u00b9o lo\u00b9n ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn B\u00d7nh d\u00a9n T\u00a9y Ban Nha v\u00b5 c\u00c7u vi\u00d6n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c - \u00fd. Ng\u00b5y 18-11-1936, \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 \u00fd c\u00abng nh\u00cbn ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n Franc\u00ab. Ng\u00b5y 23-12-1936, \u00fd \u00ae\u2212a qu\u00a9n sang T\u00a9y Ban Nha; ng\u00b5y 7-2-1937, \u00a7\u00f8c c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u2212a qu\u00a9n sang gi\u00f3p Franc\u00ab. Th\u00eai k\u00fa cao \u00aei\u00d3m \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00e3 kho\u00b6ng 50.000 qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00fd v\u00b5 12.000 qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c tham chi\u00d5n \u00eb T\u00a9y Ban Nha. \u00a7\u00d3 th\u00d3 hi\u00d6n t\u00d7nh \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t v\u00edi nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n T\u00a9y Ban Nha v\u00b5 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn B\u00d7nh d\u00a9n, m\u00e9t s\u00e8 n\u2212\u00edc (Li\u00aan X\u00ab, M\u00fc, M\u00aahic\u00ab...) \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00f6i v\u00f2 kh\u00dd v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u chi\u00d5n s\u00dc t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 \u00ae\u00d5n T\u00a9y Ban Nha. C\u00b8c chi\u00d5n s\u00dc qu\u00a9n t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n trong L\u00f7 \u00aeo\u00b5n qu\u00e8c t\u00d5, v\u00edi kho\u00b6ng 30.000 ng\u2212\u00eai, \u00ae\u00d5n t\u00f5 53 qu\u00e8c gia kh\u00b8c nhau. Qu\u00a9n t\u00d7nh nguy\u00d6n M\u00fc chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau trong L\u00f7 \u00aeo\u00b5n Abraham Linc\u00abn. Tr.401. 33. \u00a7\u00f8c t\u00can c\u00abng Li\u00aan X\u00ab: R\u00b9ng s\u00b8ng ng\u00b5y 22-6-1941, kh\u00abng tuy\u00aan chi\u00d5n, 190 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n c\u00f1a ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc ch\u2212 h\u00c7u b\u00cat ng\u00ea ti\u00d5n c\u00abng v\u00efng bi\u00aan gi\u00edi ph\u00dda T\u00a9y Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nhi\u00d2u m\u00f2i th\u00e4c s\u00a9u v\u00b5o l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 Li\u00aan X\u00ab. D\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Li\u00aan X\u00ab, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00f8ng d\u00cby ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh gi\u00f7 n\u2212\u00edc v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i. Trong nh\u00f7ng ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u00c7u chi\u00d5n tranh, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab b\u00de t\u00e6n th\u00cat n\u00c6ng n\u00d2 tr\u2212\u00edc s\u00f8c t\u00can c\u00abng \u00e5 \u00b9t c\u00f1a qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt. Tuy v\u00cby, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n c\u00f2ng \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00a9y cho qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt nhi\u00d2u thi\u00d6t h\u00b9i, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 tr\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b8nh th\u00beng \u00eb Xm\u00ablenxc\u00ac (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 7 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 9-1941); cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau b\u00b6o v\u00d6 th\u00b5nh ph\u00e8 L\u00aaningr\u00b8t b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 8-1941; cu\u00e9c ph\u00dfng th\u00f1 \u00eb Ki\u00d0p (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 7 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 9-1941); \u00eb \u00a4\u00ae\u00d0txa (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 8 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 10-1941); \u00eb X\u00aav\u00b8tt\u00abp\u00abn (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 11-1941 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 7-1942). Trong chi\u00d5n d\u00dech t\u00can c\u00abng m\u00efa \u00a7\u00abng 1941-1942, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 chi\u00d5n th\u00beng qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c \u00eb R\u00e8txt\u00e8p tr\u00aan s\u00abng \u00a7\u00abng, \u00eb Cr\u2212m... Ph\u00e8i h\u00eep v\u00edi c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau c\u00f1a du k\u00ddch v\u00efng \u00ae\u00dech h\u00cbu, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i X\u00abvi\u00d5t \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00b8 tan chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec ti\u00d5n c\u00abng b\u00cat ng\u00ea v\u00b5 ch\u00edp nho\u00b8ng c\u00f1a ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c, g\u00a9y cho ch\u00f3ng nhi\u00d2u thi\u00d6t h\u00b9i n\u00c6ng n\u00d2.","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 719 Th\u00b8ng 12-1941, qu\u00a9n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c b\u00de H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b8nh tan \u00eb g\u00c7n M\u00b8txc\u00acva. Sang n\u00a8m 1942, H\u00ddtle ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c \u00aei\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e9ng 266 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 193 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5o m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn X\u00ab - \u00a7\u00f8c. Ch\u00f3ng t\u00cbp trung ti\u00d5n c\u00abng v\u00b5o Xtalingr\u00b8t. H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab ph\u00b6n c\u00abng m\u00b7nh li\u00d6t \u00eb m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Xtalingr\u00b8t, di\u00d6t 33 v\u00b9n t\u00aan ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt. T\u00f5 \u00ae\u00e3, qu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00f8c li\u00aan ti\u00d5p b\u00de \u00ae\u00b8nh b\u00b9i \u00eb nhi\u00d2u n\u00aci tr\u00aan l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 Li\u00aan X\u00ab. M\u00efa H\u00cc n\u00a8m 1943, ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c t\u00cbp trung tr\u00aan m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn X\u00ab - \u00a7\u00f8c 257 s\u2212 \u00aeo\u00b5n. Sau tr\u00cbn th\u00beng \u00eb m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Cu\u00e8cxc\u00ac, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u m\u00eb cu\u00e9c t\u00e6ng ph\u00b6n c\u00abng tr\u00aan m\u00e9t quy m\u00ab 2.000 kil\u00abm\u00d0t, gi\u00b5nh th\u00beng l\u00eei li\u00aan ti\u00d5p \u00eb nhi\u00d2u m\u00c6t tr\u00cbn, t\u00b9o chuy\u00d3n bi\u00d5n c\u00ac b\u00b6n c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh gi\u00f7 n\u2212\u00edc v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i. N\u00a8m 1944, H\u00e5ng qu\u00a9n Li\u00aan X\u00ab m\u00eb nhi\u00d2u chi\u00d5n d\u00dech t\u00can c\u00abng r\u00e9ng l\u00edn, qu\u00d0t s\u00b9ch b\u00e4n ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt ra kh\u00e1i l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 Li\u00aan X\u00ab. Sau khi gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c X\u00abvi\u00d5t, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Li\u00aan X\u00ab \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00e8i h\u00eep v\u00edi qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc anh em, gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng h\u00b5ng lo\u00b9t n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00a2u nh\u2212 Ba Lan, Ti\u00d6p Kh\u00bec (nay l\u00b5 S\u00d0c v\u00b5 Xl\u00abvakia), v.v.. Th\u00b8ng 4-1945, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i Li\u00aan X\u00ab ti\u00d5n c\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8nh chi\u00d5m s\u00b5o huy\u00d6t c\u00f1a ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c \u00eb B\u00d0clin, bu\u00e9c ch\u00f3ng ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00b5ng kh\u00abng \u00aei\u00d2u ki\u00d6n ng\u00b5y 9-5-1945. Tr.403. 34. Kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n M\u00abng C\u00e6 - c\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng M\u00abng - Nguy\u00aan: Trong v\u00dfng 30 n\u00a8m (1258-1288), d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta \u00ae\u00b7 ba l\u00c7n kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n th\u00beng l\u00eei ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n M\u00abng - Nguy\u00aan, \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec kh\u00d0t ti\u00d5ng v\u00f5a chinh ph\u00f4c nhi\u00d2u qu\u00e8c gia ch\u00a9u \u00a2u, ch\u00a9u \u00b8. - Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat: N\u00a8m 1257, qu\u00a9n M\u00abng C\u00e6 \u00ae\u00b8nh Nam T\u00e8ng, sai s\u00f8 sang d\u00f4 vua Tr\u00c7n \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00b5ng. Vua Tr\u00c7n ra l\u00d6nh b\u00bet giam s\u00f8 gi\u00b6 v\u00b5 chu\u00c8n b\u00de chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau. Ng\u00b5y 17-1-1258, kho\u00b6ng 3 v\u00b9n qu\u00a9n M\u00abng C\u00e6 k\u00d0o sang B\u00d7nh L\u00d6 Nguy\u00aan (nay thu\u00e9c huy\u00d6n B\u00d7nh Xuy\u00aan, t\u00d8nh V\u00dcnh Ph\u00f3c). Qu\u00a9n ta t\u00b9m r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Th\u00a8ng Long v\u00b5 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n \\\"v\u2212\u00ean kh\u00abng nh\u00b5 tr\u00e8ng\\\". Ng\u00b5y 29-1-1258, qu\u00a9n ta ph\u00b6n c\u00abng \u00ae\u00b8nh tan qu\u00a9n M\u00abng C\u00e6. - Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00c7n th\u00f8 hai: N\u00a8m 1282, qu\u00a9n M\u00abng C\u00e6 (l\u00f3c n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t nh\u00b5 T\u00e8ng, th\u00abn t\u00ddnh to\u00b5n b\u00e9 Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e6i qu\u00e8c hi\u00d6u l\u00b5 Nguy\u00aan) m\u2212\u00een c\u00ed \u00ae\u00b8nh Ch\u00a8mpa x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta l\u00c7n th\u00f8 hai. Tri\u00d2u Tr\u00c7n","720 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP tri\u00d6u t\u00cbp H\u00e9i ngh\u00de B\u00d7nh Than (g\u00e5m c\u00b8c v\u2212\u00acng h\u00c7u quan l\u00b9i, t\u2212\u00edng l\u00dcnh cao c\u00cap) b\u00b5n k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u00b8nh \u00ae\u00dech. Tr\u00c7n Qu\u00e8c Tu\u00can vi\u00d5t H\u00dech t\u2212\u00edng s\u00dc l\u00b5m n\u00f8c l\u00dfng qu\u00a9n d\u00a9n c\u00b6 n\u2212\u00edc. Th\u00b8ng 1-1285, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec tin qu\u00a9n Nguy\u00aan ti\u00d5n s\u00b8t bi\u00aan gi\u00edi, vua Tr\u00c7n tri\u00d6u t\u00cbp c\u00b8c v\u00de b\u00ab l\u00b7o t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Di\u00aan H\u00e5ng tuy\u00aan th\u00d6 quy\u00d5t t\u00a9m \\\"S\u00b8t Th\u00b8t\\\". Cu\u00e8i th\u00b8ng 1-1285, kho\u00b6ng 50 v\u00b9n qu\u00a9n Nguy\u00aan chia l\u00b5m ba h\u2212\u00edng sang x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta. Tri\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh l\u00b9i t\u00b9m r\u00f3t kh\u00e1i Th\u00a8ng Long v\u00b5 cu\u00e8i th\u00b8ng 6-1285, sau g\u00c7n hai th\u00b8ng ph\u00b6n c\u00abng, v\u00edi nh\u00f7ng chi\u00d5n th\u00beng H\u00b5m T\u00f6, Ch\u2212\u00acng D\u2212\u00acng, T\u00a9y K\u00d5t, V\u00b9n Ki\u00d5p l\u00c9y l\u00f5ng, qu\u00d0t s\u00b9ch qu\u00a9n Nguy\u00aan kh\u00e1i b\u00ea c\u00e2i. - Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n l\u00c7n th\u00f8 ba: Th\u00b8ng 12-1287, qu\u00a9n Nguy\u00aan theo ba \u00ae\u2212\u00eang Qu\u00b6ng T\u00a9y, V\u00a9n Nam v\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang bi\u00d3n v\u00b5o x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta. Qu\u00a9n ta chi\u00d5n th\u00beng \u00eb V\u00a9n \u00a7\u00e5n, \u00ae\u00b8nh tan \u00aeo\u00b5n thuy\u00d2n v\u00cbn t\u00b6i l\u2212\u00acng th\u00f9c c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech. Th\u00b8ng 2-1288, qu\u00a9n Nguy\u00aan v\u2212\u00eet s\u00abng H\u00e5ng t\u00can c\u00abng th\u00b5nh Th\u00a8ng Long. Th\u00b8ng 3-1288, Tho\u00b8t Hoan bi\u00d5t nguy c\u00ac b\u00de bao v\u00a9y nh\u2212 l\u00c7n tr\u2212\u00edc, \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00e8t ph\u00b8 Th\u00a8ng Long r\u00e5i r\u00f3t v\u00d2 V\u00b9n Ki\u00d5p. Th\u00b8ng 4-1288, qu\u00a9n ta ti\u00aau di\u00d6t to\u00b5n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n thu\u00fb c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00dech \u00eb s\u00abng B\u00b9ch \u00a7\u00bbng, b\u00bet s\u00e8ng \u00a4 M\u00b7 Nhi..., t\u2212\u00edng gi\u00c6c l\u00b5 Tho\u00b8t Hoan v\u00ab c\u00efng ho\u00b6ng s\u00ee ph\u00b6i chui \u00e8ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ch\u00b9y v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc theo \u00ae\u2212\u00eang L\u00b9ng S\u00acn. Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n M\u00abng - Nguy\u00aan \u00eb th\u00d5 k\u00fb XIII l\u00b5 b\u00b6n anh h\u00efng ca b\u00cat h\u00f1, l\u00b5 s\u00f9 th\u00d3 hi\u00d6n s\u00a9u s\u00bec v\u00b5 r\u00f9c r\u00ec l\u00dfng y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, kh\u00dd ph\u00b8ch anh h\u00efng, tr\u00dd th\u00abng minh, s\u00b8ng t\u00b9o v\u00b5 s\u00f8c m\u00b9nh \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta v\u00b5 t\u00b5i thao l\u2212\u00eec c\u00f1a v\u00de anh h\u00efng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c Tr\u00c7n H\u2212ng \u00a7\u00b9o. Tr.477. 35. Chi\u00d5n th\u00beng \u00a7\u00e8ng \u00a7a: Cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m 1788, nh\u00b5 Thanh c\u00f6 T\u00abn S\u00dc Ngh\u00de t\u00e6ng ch\u00d8 huy h\u00acn 20 v\u00b9n qu\u00a9n ti\u00d5n v\u00b5o x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta. Nguy\u00d4n Hu\u00d6 - linh h\u00e5n c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o T\u00a9y S\u00acn - l\u00aan ng\u00abi Ho\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00d5 l\u00cay hi\u00d6u l\u00b5 Quang Trung th\u00e8ng l\u00dcnh \u00ae\u00b9i qu\u00a9n v\u00b5 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n cu\u00e9c h\u00b5nh qu\u00a9n th\u00c7n t\u00e8c ra B\u00bec ti\u00d5n \u00ae\u00b8nh qu\u00a9n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec. Tr\u2212a m\u00e5ng 5 T\u00d5t Nguy\u00aan \u00ae\u00b8n K\u00fb D\u00cbu (1789), qu\u00a9n ta ti\u00d5n c\u00abng \u00ae\u00e5n \u00a7\u00e8ng \u00a7a, gi\u00b5nh th\u00beng l\u00eei l\u00edn \u00eb \u00ae\u00a9y v\u00b5 d\u00f2ng m\u00b7nh ti\u00d5n v\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng Th\u00a8ng Long. Trong 5 ng\u00b5y \u00ae\u00aam chi\u00d5n \u00ae\u00cau li\u00aan t\u00f4c, c\u00b6 5 \u00ae\u00b9o qu\u00a9n T\u00a9y S\u00acn d\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 ch\u00d8 huy c\u00f1a Quang Trung \u00ae\u00b7 ti\u00aau di\u00d6t v\u00b5 qu\u00d0t s\u00b9ch h\u00acn 20 v\u00b9n qu\u00a9n","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 721 Thanh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec. \u00a7\u00cat n\u2212\u00edc ho\u00b5n to\u00b5n \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. Chi\u00d5n th\u00beng \u00a7\u00e8ng \u00a7a (ng\u00b5y 5-1 K\u00fb D\u00cbu) \u00aei v\u00b5o l\u00dech s\u00f6 ch\u00e8ng ngo\u00b9i x\u00a9m c\u00f1a d\u00a9n t\u00e9c ta nh\u2212 m\u00e9t huy\u00d2n tho\u00b9i. Tr.477. 36. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de vi\u00aan to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c l\u00c7n th\u00f8 hai: \u00a7\u2212\u00eec ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 6 \u00ae\u00d5n ng\u00b5y 11-3-1948 theo Ch\u00d8 th\u00de c\u00f1a Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Qu\u00a9n u\u00fb Trung \u2212\u00acng. Tham gia H\u00e9i ngh\u00de g\u00e5m c\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de vi\u00aan qu\u00a9n khu v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de vi\u00aan trung \u00aeo\u00b5n. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 nghe v\u00b5 th\u00b6o lu\u00cbn b\u00b8o c\u00b8o c\u00f1a Qu\u00a9n u\u00fb Trung \u2212\u00acng v\u00d2 nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec, chi\u00d5n thu\u00cbt v\u00b5 c\u00abng t\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, nghe m\u00e9t s\u00e8 b\u00b8o c\u00b8o v\u00d2 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh trong n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 x\u00b8c \u00ae\u00denh nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 c\u00f1a c\u00abng t\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de trong qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i l\u00b5 ph\u00b6i b\u00b6o \u00ae\u00b6m th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec do Qu\u00a9n u\u00fb Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00ae\u00d2 ra, \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan to\u00b5n qu\u00a9n n\u00aau cao tinh th\u00c7n anh d\u00f2ng, \u00aeo\u00b5n k\u00d5t, th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat, \u00ae\u00e5ng cam c\u00e9ng kh\u00e6, ch\u00e8ng quan li\u00aau, ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n phi\u00d6t. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de ra Ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t v\u00d2 h\u00d6 th\u00e8ng t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00abng t\u00b8c ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, nhi\u00d6m v\u00f4 v\u00b5 quy\u00d2n h\u00b9n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c c\u00cap u\u00fb \u00a7\u00b6ng trong qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i, ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de vi\u00aan v\u00b5 vi\u00d6c t\u00a8ng c\u2212\u00eang c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b5o t\u00b9o c\u00b8n b\u00e9, b\u00e5i d\u2212\u00ecng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de vi\u00aan v\u00b5 b\u00e5i d\u2212\u00ecng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de cho c\u00b8n b\u00e9 qu\u00a9n s\u00f9. Tr.484. 37. B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i B\u00d7nh Xuy\u00aan: L\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p do D\u2212\u00acng V\u00a8n D\u2212\u00acng, t\u00f8c Ba D\u2212\u00acng, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp sau ng\u00b5y Nam B\u00e9 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n (ng\u00b5y 23-9-1945), n\u00aan c\u00dfn \u00ae\u2212\u00eec g\u00e4i l\u00b5 B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i D\u2212\u00acng V\u00a8n D\u2212\u00acng, hay B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i Ba D\u2212\u00acng. Trong th\u00eai gian \u00ae\u00c7u c\u00f1a cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p, B\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i B\u00d7nh Xuy\u00aan l\u00b5 l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 m\u00b9nh nh\u00cat mi\u00d2n \u00a7\u00abng Nam B\u00e9, \u00ae\u00b6m tr\u00b8ch vi\u00d6c \u00ae\u00b8nh ch\u00c6n qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00eb ph\u00dda Nam S\u00b5i G\u00dfn. Sau khi D\u2212\u00acng V\u00a8n D\u2212\u00acng hy sinh (th\u00b8ng 2-1948), l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng B\u00d7nh Xuy\u00aan c\u00e3 s\u00f9 ph\u00a9n ho\u00b8; m\u00e9t b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn theo kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec bi\u00aan ch\u00d5 v\u00b5o c\u00b8c \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de V\u00d6 qu\u00e8c \u00aeo\u00b5n; m\u00e9t b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn do L\u00aa V\u00a8n Vi\u00d4n, t\u00f8c B\u00b6y Vi\u00d4n, c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u ly khai, r\u00e5i \u00aei v\u00b5o con \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u2212u manh ho\u00b8 v\u00b5 theo ch\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p. Tr.489. 38. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c: H\u00e4p \u00ae\u00c7u th\u00b8ng 4-1948, theo ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng c\u00f1a Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Qu\u00a9n u\u00fb Trung \u2212\u00acng. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de bi\u00d3u d\u2212\u00acng nh\u00f7ng th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch c\u00f1a d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, du k\u00ddch to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c trong c\u00b8c c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00ae\u00b8nh gi\u00c6c, tr\u00f5 gian, ti\u00d4u ph\u00d8, ph\u00b8 t\u00d2, ph\u00b8 giao th\u00abng","722 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP \u00ae\u00dech, t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat, t\u00f9 c\u00cap t\u00f9 t\u00f3c v\u00b5 h\u00e4c t\u00cbp b\u00e6 t\u00f3c v\u00a8n ho\u00b8; bi\u00d3u d\u2212\u00acng nh\u00f7ng \u00ae\u00acn v\u00de v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e9i vi\u00aan du k\u00ddch c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u th\u00b5nh t\u00ddch xu\u00cat s\u00bec. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de c\u00f2ng ch\u00d8 r\u00e2 nh\u00f7ng thi\u00d5u s\u00e3t c\u00f1a d\u00a9n qu\u00a9n, du k\u00ddch l\u00b5 ch\u2212a ph\u00e8i h\u00eep ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf v\u00edi b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00e9i ch\u00f1 l\u00f9c, ch\u2212a ch\u00f1 \u00ae\u00e9ng, linh ho\u00b9t trong t\u00b8c chi\u00d5n, c\u00dfn n\u00c6ng v\u00d2 h\u00d7nh th\u00f8c trong t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 hu\u00can luy\u00d6n. Tr.508. 39. Cu\u00e9c xung \u00ae\u00e9t \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 v\u00b5 Pakixtan xung quanh v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 Cas\u00acmia: Sau khi \u00ae\u2212\u00eec Anh tr\u00b6 l\u00b9i \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp (8-1947), \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 b\u00de t\u00b8ch th\u00b5nh hai qu\u00e8c gia: \u00can \u00a7\u00e9, v\u00edi \u00aea s\u00e8 d\u00a9n theo \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 gi\u00b8o v\u00b5 Pakixtan, v\u00edi \u00aea s\u00e8 d\u00a9n theo H\u00e5i gi\u00b8o. Do tranh ch\u00cap v\u00d2 ch\u00f1 quy\u00d2n ti\u00d3u qu\u00e8c Jammu v\u00b5 Cas\u00acmia, n\u00aci c\u00e3 70% d\u00a9n s\u00e8 theo H\u00e5i gi\u00b8o, ng\u00b5y 20-10-1947, Pakixtan \u00ae\u2212a qu\u00a9n v\u00b5o chi\u00d5m Jammu v\u00b5 Cas\u00acmia. Vua c\u00f1a ti\u00d3u qu\u00e8c Jammu v\u00b5 Cas\u00acmia - ng\u2212\u00eai theo \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 gi\u00b8o, \u00ae\u00b7 ch\u00b9y sang \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 v\u00b5 k\u00fd hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh s\u00b8p nh\u00cbp ti\u00d3u qu\u00e8c n\u00b5y v\u00b5o \u00can \u00a7\u00e9. Tr\u00aan c\u00ac s\u00eb \u00ae\u00e3, \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 \u00ae\u00b7 cho qu\u00a9n chi\u00d5m l\u00b9i Jammu v\u00b5 Cas\u00acmia. Nh\u00ea vai tr\u00df trung gian ho\u00b5 gi\u00b6i c\u00f1a Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c, ng\u00b5y 31-12-1948, \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 v\u00b5 Pakixtan \u00ae\u00b7 tho\u00b6 thu\u00cbn ng\u00f5ng b\u00ben. Pakixtan ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t khu v\u00f9c ph\u00dda B\u00bec v\u00b5 T\u00a9y Cas\u00acmia. \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 ki\u00d3m so\u00b8t khu v\u00f9c ph\u00dda Nam, v\u00efng trung t\u00a9m v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00abng B\u00bec Cas\u00acmia. Tuy nhi\u00aan, \u00ae\u00d5n nay nh\u00f7ng c\u00a8ng th\u00bcng v\u00d7 tranh ch\u00cap Jammu v\u00b5 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 Cas\u00acmia v\u00c9n ch\u2212a th\u00f9c s\u00f9 ch\u00cam d\u00f8t. Tr.525. 40. Chi\u00d5n tranh \u00b6r\u00cbp - Ixraen l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat (1948 - 1949): Sau Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai, \u00ae\u00d3 gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t c\u00b8c cu\u00e9c xung \u00ae\u00e9t gi\u00f7a ng\u2212\u00eai Do Th\u00b8i v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00b6r\u00cbp \u00eb Pal\u00d0txtin v\u00e8n thu\u00e9c quy\u00d2n u\u00fb tr\u00de c\u00f1a Anh, Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c ra Ngh\u00de quy\u00d5t s\u00e8 181 (ng\u00b5y 29-11-1947) chia v\u00efng \u00ae\u00cat n\u00b5y th\u00b5nh hai qu\u00e8c gia: Do Th\u00b8i chi\u00d5m 56% l\u00b7nh th\u00e6 v\u00b5 \u00b6r\u00cbp chi\u00d5m 42% l\u00b7nh th\u00e6. Ri\u00aang v\u00efng J\u00aarusalem c\u00e3 c\u00b6 ng\u2212\u00eai Do Th\u00b8i v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00b6r\u00cbp sinh s\u00e8ng s\u00cf do Li\u00aan h\u00eep qu\u00e8c qu\u00b6n tr\u00de. Nh\u2212ng k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch ph\u00a9n chia n\u00b5y b\u00de c\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00e5ng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00b6r\u00cbp ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e8i. Ng\u00b5y 14-5-1948, ng\u2212\u00eai Do Th\u00b8i tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 qu\u00e8c gia Ixraen \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp ra \u00ae\u00eai. Ng\u00b5y 15-5-1948, qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00b6r\u00cbp g\u00e5m Ai C\u00cbp, Gio\u00e3c\u00aeany, Ir\u00bec, Xyri, Lib\u00a8ng, c\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai \u00b6r\u00cbp \u00eb Pal\u00d0txtin ti\u00d5n c\u00abng Ixraen. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 7-1948, qu\u00a9n Ixraen chuy\u00d3n sang ph\u00b6n c\u00abng v\u00b5 gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u2212u th\u00d5 tr\u00aan chi\u00d5n tr\u2212\u00eang. T\u00f5 \u00ae\u00c7u n\u00a8m 1949, Ixraen k\u00fd c\u00b8c hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 723 \u00ae\u00d7nh chi\u00d5n ri\u00aang r\u00cf v\u00edi t\u00f5ng qu\u00e8c gia \u00b6r\u00cbp v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 7-1949, chi\u00d5n tranh k\u00d5t th\u00f3c. Ixraen chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00aam kho\u00b6ng 20% v\u00efng \u00ae\u00cat Pal\u00d0txtin. Tuy nhi\u00aan, sau \u00ae\u00e3 m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n v\u00b5 xung \u00ae\u00e9t gi\u00f7a ng\u2212\u00eai Do Th\u00b8i v\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai \u00b6r\u00cbp v\u00c9n ti\u00d5p di\u00d4n. Tr.525. 41. Hi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00denh th\u00a9n thi\u00d6n Nga - Ph\u00c7n Lan: C\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc h\u00f7u ngh\u00de, h\u00eep t\u00b8c v\u00b5 gi\u00f3p \u00ae\u00ec l\u00c9n nhau gi\u00f7a Li\u00aan X\u00ab v\u00b5 Ph\u00c7n Lan, k\u00fd ng\u00b5y 6-4-1948. Hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc \u00ae\u00b8nh d\u00cau b\u2212\u00edc ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00edi trong quan h\u00d6 gi\u00f7a hai n\u2212\u00edc sau Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai. Tr.526. 42. H\u00e9i ngh\u00de Li\u00aan M\u00fc \u00eb B\u00abg\u00abta: H\u00e9i ngh\u00de l\u00c7n th\u00f8 ch\u00ddn t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc c\u00e9ng ho\u00b5 ch\u00a9u M\u00fc di\u00d4n ra th\u00b8ng 5-1948, t\u00b9i B\u00abg\u00abta (C\u00abl\u00abmbia). H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00denh \u00ae\u00e6i t\u00aan t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c th\u00b5nh T\u00e6 ch\u00f8c c\u00b8c qu\u00e8c gia ch\u00a9u M\u00fc (OAS) v\u00edi quy ch\u00d5 ch\u00c6t ch\u00cf h\u00acn v\u00b5 mang t\u00ddnh ch\u00cat m\u00e9t li\u00aan minh ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de - qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 c\u00e3 tr\u00f4 s\u00eb \u00ae\u00c6t t\u00b9i Oasinht\u00acn (M\u00fc). H\u00e9i ngh\u00de \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00abng qua Tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 v\u00d2 quy\u00d2n v\u00b5 b\u00e6n ph\u00cbn c\u00f1a con ng\u2212\u00eai. Th\u00f9c ch\u00cat, M\u00fc mu\u00e8n th\u00abng qua H\u00e9i ngh\u00de n\u00b5y v\u00b5 OAS \u00ae\u00d3 kh\u00e8ng ch\u00d5, chi ph\u00e8i c\u00b8c qu\u00e8c gia M\u00fc latinh. Tr.527. 43. Qu\u00a9n C\u00ea \u00aeen: M\u00e9t nh\u00e3m t\u00b5n qu\u00a9n c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh thi\u00aan qu\u00e8c (Trung Qu\u00e8c) ch\u00b9y sang Vi\u00d6t Nam t\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1863 sau khi b\u00de tri\u00d2u Thanh \u00ae\u00b5n \u00b8p. \u00a7\u00e9i qu\u00a9n n\u00b5y do L\u2212u V\u00dcnh Ph\u00f3c ch\u00d8 huy v\u00b5 th\u2212\u00eang s\u00f6 d\u00f4ng l\u00b8 c\u00ea m\u00b5u \u00aeen, v\u00d7 v\u00cby th\u2212\u00eang g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Qu\u00a9n C\u00ea \u00aeen. Tri\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh Hu\u00d5 \u00ae\u00b7 dung n\u00b9p \u00ae\u00e9i qu\u00a9n n\u00b5y \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00b8nh d\u00d1p c\u00b8c to\u00b8n c\u2212\u00edp \u00eb bi\u00aan gi\u00edi ph\u00dda B\u00bec v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e8i ph\u00e3 v\u00edi qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p. Qu\u00a9n C\u00ea \u00aeen \u00ae\u00b7 c\u00efng qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i c\u00f1a tri\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh Hu\u00d5 t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c nhi\u00d2u tr\u00cbn \u00ae\u00b8nh qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p khi ch\u00f3ng k\u00d0o ra \u00ae\u00b8nh chi\u00d5m B\u00bec K\u00fa, ti\u00aau bi\u00d3u l\u00b5 hai tr\u00cbn \u00eb C\u00c7u Gi\u00cay (H\u00b5 N\u00e9i) v\u00b5o c\u00b8c n\u00a8m 1873 v\u00b5 1883, gi\u00d5t \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ch\u00d8 huy v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u qu\u00a9n l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p. Tuy nhi\u00aan, Qu\u00a9n C\u00ea \u00aeen c\u00f2ng g\u00a9y \u00ddt nhi\u00d2u t\u00e6n th\u00cat v\u00d2 v\u00cbt ch\u00cat v\u00b5 tinh th\u00c7n \u00ae\u00e8i v\u00edi ng\u2212\u00eai d\u00a9n nh\u00f7ng n\u00aci h\u00e4 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng. N\u00a8m 1885, theo Hi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p - Thanh, Qu\u00a9n C\u00ea \u00aeen r\u00f3t v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc v\u00b5 gi\u00b6i th\u00d3. Tr.533. 44. V\u00f4 \u00b8n ph\u00e8 \u00a4n Nh\u2212 H\u00c7u: V\u00f4 \u00b8n \u00a9m m\u2212u l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng, do c\u00b8c l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng \u00a7\u00b9i Vi\u00d6t v\u00b5 Vi\u00d6t Nam Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b6ng c\u00a9u k\u00d5t v\u00edi th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n. Theo k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch, nh\u00a9n k\u00fb ni\u00d6m ng\u00b5y Qu\u00e8c kh\u00b8nh","724 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p (ng\u00b5y 14-7-1946) qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p s\u00cf di\u00d4u binh tr\u00aan m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ae\u2212\u00eang ph\u00e8 l\u00edn \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b6ng s\u00cf n\u00d0m l\u00f9u \u00ae\u00b9n v\u00b5o l\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p, t\u00b9o c\u00ed \u00ae\u00d3 Ph\u00b8p bao v\u00a9y c\u00b8c c\u00ac quan c\u00f1a ta, b\u00bet c\u00b8n b\u00e9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n vi\u00aan Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1, l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Vi\u00d6t Nam; Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b6ng s\u00cf tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 l\u00cbp ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 m\u00edi. N\u00bem ch\u00bec k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch v\u00b5 \u00a9m m\u2212u c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng, t\u00f5 ng\u00b5y 12-7-1946, l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng c\u00abng an Vi\u00d6t Nam \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00dd m\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e9t nh\u00cbp tr\u00f4 s\u00eb c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b6ng \u00eb s\u00e8 nh\u00b5 132 ph\u00e8 \u00a7uyvinh\u00ab (nay l\u00b5 ph\u00e8 B\u00efi Th\u00de Xu\u00a9n) b\u00bet nhi\u00d2u t\u00aan ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng, thu nhi\u00d2u truy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00acn, t\u00b5i li\u00d6u. C\u00efng ng\u00b5y, c\u00abng an ta t\u00can c\u00abng m\u00e9t lo\u00b9t s\u00b5o huy\u00d6t kh\u00b8c c\u00f1a ch\u00f3ng \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, trong \u00ae\u00e3 c\u00e3 nh\u00b5 s\u00e8 7 ph\u00e8 \u00a4n Nh\u2212 H\u00c7u (nay l\u00b5 ph\u00e8 Nguy\u00d4n Gia Thi\u00d2u). T\u00b9i \u00ae\u00a9y, ta \u00ae\u00b7 kh\u00b8m ph\u00b8 ra n\u00aci ch\u00f3ng l\u00b5m gi\u00cay b\u00b9c gi\u00b6, thu gi\u00f7 nhi\u00d2u tang v\u00cbt, v\u00f2 kh\u00dd, nhi\u00d2u d\u00f4ng c\u00f4 tra t\u00can, gi\u00b6i tho\u00b8t m\u00e9t s\u00e8 \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00b5o v\u00b5 c\u00b8n b\u00e9 \u00ae\u00f3ng l\u00f3c ch\u00f3ng s\u00bep \u00aeem th\u00f1 ti\u00aau, ph\u00b8t hi\u00d6n b\u00b6y x\u00b8c ng\u2212\u00eai b\u00de v\u00efi l\u00cap trong v\u2212\u00ean; m\u00e9t \u00e6 b\u00bet c\u00e3c, t\u00e8ng ti\u00d2n h\u00d5t s\u00f8c d\u00b7 man \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ph\u00b8t hi\u00d6n, nhi\u00d2u k\u00ce ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00ae\u00b7 b\u00de tr\u00f5ng tr\u00de. V\u00f4 \u00b8n ph\u00e8 \u00a4n Nh\u2212 H\u00c7u \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00b9ch tr\u00c7n b\u00b6n ch\u00cat b\u00b8n n\u2212\u00edc, h\u00b9i d\u00a9n c\u00f1a c\u00b8c th\u00d5 l\u00f9c ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng trong Vi\u00d6t Nam Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b6ng tr\u2212\u00edc d\u2212 lu\u00cbn nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n; l\u00b5 th\u00beng l\u00eei l\u00edn trong c\u00abng t\u00b8c b\u00b6o v\u00d6 \u00a7\u00b6ng, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng non tr\u00ce, b\u00b6o v\u00d6 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n. Tr.535. 45. Ph\u00b8p l\u00cbp ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 b\u00ef nh\u00d7n to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c t\u00b9i H\u00b5 N\u00e9i: Do th\u00cat b\u00b9i trong th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec \\\"\u00ae\u00b8nh nhanh, th\u00beng nhanh\\\", th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p quay l\u00b9i ti\u00d5n h\u00b5nh th\u00f1 \u00aeo\u00b9n c\u00f2 \\\"d\u00efng ng\u2212\u00eai Vi\u00d6t \u00ae\u00b8nh ng\u2212\u00eai Vi\u00d6t\\\". Do m\u00a9u thu\u00c9n gi\u00f7a Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 M\u00fc, gi\u00f7a b\u00ef nh\u00d7n B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i v\u00b5 b\u00ef nh\u00d7n Nguy\u00d4n V\u00a8n Xu\u00a9n \u00eb Nam B\u00e9, n\u00aan k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u2212a B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i ra \u00ae\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00c7u ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n b\u00ef nh\u00d7n ch\u2212a th\u00b5nh. \u00a7\u00e8i ph\u00e3 v\u00edi t\u00d7nh h\u00d7nh \u00ae\u00e3, ng\u00b5y 5-6-1948, th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00cap r\u00f3t d\u00f9ng l\u00aan m\u00e9t \\\"Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 trung \u2212\u00acng\\\" do Nguy\u00d4n V\u00a8n Xu\u00a9n c\u00c7m \u00ae\u00c7u. Ng\u00b5y 7-6-1948, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 tuy\u00aan b\u00e8: Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam kh\u00abng th\u00f5a nh\u00cbn b\u00cat k\u00fa th\u00f8 gi\u00cay t\u00ea n\u00b5o do b\u00e4n b\u00ef nh\u00d7n k\u00fd k\u00d5t v\u00edi b\u00cat c\u00f8 n\u2212\u00edc n\u00b5o v\u00b5 s\u00cf chi\u00d3u theo ph\u00b8p lu\u00cbt \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00f5ng tr\u00de b\u00e4n ph\u00b6n qu\u00e8c. Tr.550.","ch\u00f3 th\u00ddch 725 46. L\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c: Theo \u00ae\u00d2 ngh\u00de c\u00f1a Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh, ng\u00b5y 27-3-1948, Ban Ch\u00cap h\u00b5nh Trung \u2212\u00acng \u00a7\u00b6ng ta \u00ae\u00b7 ban h\u00b5nh Ch\u00d8 th\u00de ph\u00b8t \u00ae\u00e9ng Phong tr\u00b5o Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00d3 \u00ae\u00e9ng vi\u00aan m\u00e4i l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng ph\u00f4c v\u00f4 c\u00abng cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00b5 ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c. Ch\u00d8 th\u00de v\u00b9ch r\u00e2: \\\"M\u00f4c \u00ae\u00ddch Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c l\u00b5 l\u00b5m sao cho kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n mau th\u00beng l\u00eei, ki\u00d5n qu\u00e8c mau th\u00b5nh c\u00abng\\\". Nh\u00a9n d\u00dep k\u00fb ni\u00d6m 1.000 ng\u00b5y kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c, ng\u00b5y 11-6-1948, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 ra l\u00eai k\u00aau g\u00e4i, ch\u00ddnh th\u00f8c ph\u00b8t \u00ae\u00e9ng cu\u00e9c v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c. Ng\u00b5y 11-6 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh Ng\u00b5y truy\u00d2n th\u00e8ng Thi \u00aeua \u00b8i qu\u00e8c. Tr.556.","726 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP","727 b\u00b6N CH\u00d8 D\u00c9N T\u00a3N NG\u00a6\u00eaI B B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i (1913 - 1997): T\u00aan th\u00cbt l\u00b5 Nguy\u00d4n Ph\u00f3c V\u00dcnh Th\u00f4y (c\u00dfn c\u00e3 t\u00aan l\u00b5 Nguy\u00d4n Ph\u00f3c Thi\u00d3n, t\u00f4c danh M\u00d6 V\u00f7ng), \u00abng vua cu\u00e8i c\u00efng c\u00f1a tri\u00d2u \u00ae\u00d7nh phong ki\u00d5n Nguy\u00d4n; l\u00aan ng\u00abi n\u00a8m 1926, tho\u00b8i v\u00de v\u00b5o th\u00b8ng 8-1945. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 9-1945, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh m\u00eai l\u00b5m C\u00e8 v\u00can c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 l\u00a9m th\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc Vi\u00d6t Nam D\u00a9n ch\u00f1 C\u00e9ng ho\u00b5. Th\u00b8ng 3- 1946, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 sang Tr\u00efng Kh\u00b8nh th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch ngo\u00b9i giao h\u00dfa h\u00b6o c\u00f1a Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta v\u00edi ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n T\u2212\u00ebng Gi\u00edi Th\u00b9ch. Sau chuy\u00d5n \u00aei n\u00b5y, B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i kh\u00abng v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc m\u00b5 \u00ae\u00d5n C\u00abn Minh, r\u00e5i sang H\u00e5ng C\u00abng. N\u00a8m 1949, B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u2212a v\u00d2 Vi\u00d6t Nam l\u00b5m Qu\u00e8c tr\u2212\u00ebng b\u00ef nh\u00d7n. Th\u00b8ng 10-1955, b\u00bbng \u201ctr\u2212ng c\u00c7u d\u00a9n \u00fd\u201d, M\u00fc \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00d5 tru\u00cat B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i v\u00b5 \u00ae\u2212a Ng\u00ab \u00a7\u00d7nh Di\u00d6m l\u00aan thay. BLUM, L\u00aa\u00abng (1872 - 1950): Ng\u2212\u00eai thu\u00e9c ph\u00b8i h\u00f7u trong \u00a7\u00b6ng X\u00b7 h\u00e9i, l\u00b5 ch\u00f1 b\u00f3t b\u00b8o Le Populaire c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng X\u00b7 h\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p. N\u00a8m 1936, L. Blum l\u00b5m T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 thi h\u00b5nh nh\u00f7ng ch\u00ddnh s\u00b8ch l\u00b5m suy y\u00d5u M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn b\u00d7nh d\u00a9n. N\u00a8m 1946, L. Blum l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan trong \u00a7o\u00b5n \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00b5m ph\u00b8n v\u00edi Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta. B\u00a4LAE, Emin: Cao u\u00fb Ph\u00b8p \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 3-1947 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 9-1948). N\u00a8m 1947, B\u00ablae g\u00c6p B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i \u00eb H\u00b9 Long, s\u00bep \u00ae\u00c6t k\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch \u00ae\u2212a B\u00b6o \u00a7\u00b9i l\u00b5m Qu\u00e8c tr\u2212\u00ebng ch\u00ddnh quy\u00d2n b\u00ef nh\u00d7n c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. B\u00efI B\u00bbNG \u00a7O\u00b5N (1889 - 1955): Nh\u00a9n s\u00dc y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n \u00f8ng Ho\u00b5,","728 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP H\u00b5 \u00a7\u00abng (nay thu\u00e9c H\u00b5 N\u00e9i), \u00ae\u00e7 c\u00f6 nh\u00a9n n\u00a8m 1906. N\u00a8m 1911, \u00abng l\u00b5 Tri huy\u00d6n r\u00e5i Tu\u00c7n ph\u00f1 Ninh B\u00d7nh; n\u00a8m 1933, l\u00b5m Th\u2212\u00eeng th\u2212 B\u00e9 H\u00d7nh. Th\u00b8ng 3-1945, Nh\u00cbt \u00ae\u00b6o ch\u00ddnh Ph\u00b8p, \u00abng v\u00d2 s\u00e8ng \u00c8n d\u00cbt \u00eb H\u00b5 \u00a7\u00abng. Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m n\u00a8m 1945, \u00abng l\u00b5 th\u00b5nh vi\u00aan trong Ban C\u00e8 v\u00can Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 ta, \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i kh\u00e3a I. \u00a4ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 v\u00b5o Ban Th\u2212\u00eang tr\u00f9c Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i, l\u00b5m Ph\u00e3 Tr\u2212\u00ebng ban r\u00e5i Tr\u2212\u00ebng ban Th\u2212\u00eang tr\u00f9c Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i cho \u00ae\u00d5n khi t\u00b9 th\u00d5. B\u00efI K\u00fb t\u00f8c \u00a6u Thi\u00aan (1887 - 1960): Nh\u00a9n s\u00dc y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, h\u00e4c gi\u00b6 n\u00e6i ti\u00d5ng, qu\u00aa t\u00d8nh H\u00b5 Nam; \u00ae\u00e7 c\u00f6 nh\u00a9n (1909), Ph\u00e3 b\u00b6ng (1910). Th\u00b8ng 8-1945, \u00abng tham gia H\u00e9i truy\u00d2n b\u00b8 qu\u00e8c ng\u00f7; \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 l\u00b5m Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e9i V\u00a8n ho\u00b8 kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n Li\u00aan khu III, U\u00fb vi\u00aan H\u00e9i Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t Li\u00aan khu III. \u00a4ng l\u00b5 d\u00dech gi\u00b6 c\u00f1a nhi\u00d2u cu\u00e8n s\u00b8ch d\u00dech t\u00f5 H\u00b8n v\u00a8n ra Vi\u00d6t v\u00a8n. C c\u00ef huy c\u00cbn (1919 - 2005): Nh\u00b5 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, nh\u00b5 th\u00ac, qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n \u00a7\u00f8c Th\u00e4, t\u00d8nh H\u00b5 T\u00dcnh. \u00a4ng s\u00edm tham gia nh\u00f7ng ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc. T\u00b9i Qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i T\u00a9n Tr\u00b5o (1945), \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00c7u v\u00b5o U\u00fb ban d\u00a9n t\u00e9c gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m n\u00a8m 1945, \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec \u00a7\u00b6ng v\u00b5 Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc giao nhi\u00d2u tr\u00e4ng tr\u00b8ch nh\u2212: B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 Canh n\u00abng, B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng ph\u00f4 tr\u00b8ch v\u00a8n ho\u00b8 - ngh\u00d6 thu\u00cbt, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p v\u00a8n h\u00e4c ngh\u00d6 thu\u00cbt Vi\u00d6t Nam. \u00a4ng c\u00dfn tham gia nhi\u00d2u ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00a8n h\u00e3a qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 v\u00b5 l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai c\u00e3 nhi\u00d2u \u00ae\u00e3ng g\u00e3p cho n\u00d2n th\u00ac hi\u00d6n \u00ae\u00b9i Vi\u00d6t Nam. c\u2212\u00eang \u00ae\u00d3 (1882 - 1951): T\u00aan th\u00cbt l\u00b5 Nguy\u00d4n Ph\u00f3c \u00a7\u00b6n (ch\u00b8u \u00ae\u00ddch t\u00abn Ho\u00b5ng th\u00b8i t\u00f6 Nguy\u00d4n Ph\u00f3c C\u00b6nh), t\u2212\u00edc K\u00fa ngo\u00b9i h\u00c7u. \u00a7\u2212\u00eec c\u00f4 Phan B\u00e9i Ch\u00a9u v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5o H\u00e9i Duy T\u00a9n \u00eb Qu\u00b6ng Nam (1904), \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 l\u00b5 H\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng; t\u00f5ng theo h\u00e4c Tr\u2212\u00eang V\u00e2 b\u00de Ch\u00can V\u00f2 v\u00b5 Tr\u2212\u00eang \u00a7\u00abng \u00b8 \u00a7\u00e5ng v\u00a8n \u00eb Nh\u00cbt (1907 - 1909), nh\u2212ng sau \u00ae\u00e3 b\u00de Nh\u00cbt tr\u00f4c xu\u00cat. \u00a4ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 l\u00b5 H\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng Vi\u00d6t Nam Quang ph\u00f4c H\u00e9i (1912). Nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m 1913 - 1914, \u00abng s\u00e8ng \u00eb \u00a7\u00f8c v\u00b5 Anh r\u00e5i tr\u00eb l\u00b9i Trung Qu\u00e8c khi Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 nh\u00cat n\u00e6 ra. T\u00f5 n\u00a8m 1923, \u00abng s\u00e8ng nh\u00ea s\u00f9 c\u2212u","b\u00b6n ch\u00d8 d\u00c9n t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai 729 mang c\u00f1a ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt v\u00b5 th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp Vi\u00d6t Nam Ph\u00f4c qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00e5ng minh H\u00e9i (H\u00e9i Ph\u00f4c qu\u00e8c), \u00ae\u00c6t b\u00b6n doanh \u00eb \u00a7\u00b5i Loan. Ng\u00b5y 11-1-1941, C\u2212\u00eang \u00a7\u00d3 ra th\u00abng \u00aei\u00d6p mu\u00e8n tr\u00eb v\u00d2 n\u2212\u00edc, nh\u2212ng b\u00de ng\u2212\u00eai Nh\u00cbt b\u00e1 r\u00aci. \u00a4ng s\u00e8ng l\u2212u vong t\u00b9i Nh\u00cbt \u00ae\u00d5n khi qua \u00ae\u00eai. \u00a7 \u00a7\u00b8CGI\u00a1NGLI\u00a5, Gio\u00e3cgi\u00ac Ti\u00acri \u00ae\u00ea (1889 - 1964): \u00a7\u00ab \u00ae\u00e8c h\u00b6i qu\u00a9n, Cao u\u00fb Ph\u00b8p v\u00efng Th\u00b8i B\u00d7nh D\u2212\u00acng (1941 - 1943); Cao u\u00fb Ph\u00b8p \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (1945 - 1947). G.T. \u00a7\u00b8cgi\u00a8ngli\u00ac l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai ch\u00d8 huy cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 b\u00de th\u00cat b\u00b9i trong chi\u00d5n l\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00b8nh nhanh, th\u00beng nhanh \u00eb Vi\u00d6t Nam. \u00a7\u00c6ng thai mai (1902 - 1984): Nh\u00b5 nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u v\u00a8n h\u00e4c, qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n Thanh Ch\u2212\u00acng, t\u00d8nh Ngh\u00d6 An. Sau khi t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p Tr\u2212\u00eang Cao \u00ae\u00bcng S\u2212 ph\u00b9m \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng t\u00b9i H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, \u00abng v\u00b5o d\u00b9y h\u00e4c \u00eb Tr\u2212\u00eang Qu\u00e8c h\u00e4c Hu\u00d5, tham gia \u00a7\u00b6ng T\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t, b\u00de b\u00bet v\u00b5 b\u00de k\u00d5t \u00b8n t\u00ef treo. M\u00b7n h\u00b9n, \u00abng ra H\u00b5 N\u00e9i tham gia l\u00cbp Tr\u2212\u00eang t\u2212 th\u00f4c Th\u00a8ng Long. V\u00f5a d\u00b9y h\u00e4c, v\u00f5a vi\u00d5t b\u00b8o, \u00abng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t trong nh\u00f7ng ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00b8ng l\u00cbp phong tr\u00b5o truy\u00d2n b\u00b8 qu\u00e8c ng\u00f7. Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m n\u00a8m 1945, \u00abng \u00ae\u00b7 gi\u00f7 nhi\u00d2u ch\u00f8c v\u00f4: B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 Gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 li\u00aan hi\u00d6p kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n (1946), Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech \u00f1y ban kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n h\u00b5nh ch\u00ddnh t\u00d8nh Thanh H\u00e3a. H\u00dfa b\u00d7nh l\u00cbp l\u00b9i (1954), \u00abng ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c \u00ae\u00b6m nhi\u00d6m nhi\u00d2u c\u2212\u00acng v\u00de quan tr\u00e4ng: Gi\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8c \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e4c S\u2212 ph\u00b9m V\u00a8n khoa, Ch\u00f1 nhi\u00d6m khoa V\u00a8n Tr\u2212\u00eang \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e4c T\u00e6ng h\u00eep v\u00b5 \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e4c S\u2212 ph\u00b9m, Vi\u00d6n tr\u2212\u00ebng Vi\u00d6n V\u00a8n h\u00e4c Vi\u00d6t Nam, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p V\u00a8n h\u00e4c ngh\u00d6 thu\u00cbt Vi\u00d6t Nam. \u00a4ng l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i t\u00f5 kh\u00e3a I \u00ae\u00d5n kh\u00e3a V. \u00ae\u00ea g\u00abn, S\u00b8c l\u00ac (1890 - 1970): Nh\u00b5 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 v\u00b5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de Ph\u00b8p. N\u00a8m 1912, t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p Tr\u2212\u00eang Qu\u00a9n s\u00f9 Xanh Xya, tham gia Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 nh\u00cat. Trong Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai, \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec phong c\u00cap t\u2212\u00edng. Th\u00b8ng 6-1940, khi \u00a7\u00f8c chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng Ph\u00b8p, \u00abng th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c \u00eb Lu\u00a9n \u00a7\u00abn v\u00b5 l\u00b7nh","730 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP \u00ae\u00b9o \u00f1y ban to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c ch\u00d8 huy c\u00b8c l\u00f9c l\u2212\u00eeng v\u00f2 trang Ph\u00b8p ch\u00e8ng \u00a7\u00f8c. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 8-1944 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 1-1946, l\u00b5 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 l\u00a9m th\u00eai Ph\u00b8p. N\u00a8m 1947, th\u00b5nh l\u00cbp \u00a7\u00b6ng T\u00cbp h\u00eep Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p, ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng ph\u00f4c h\u00e5i quy\u00d2n cai tr\u00de c\u00f1a \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c Ph\u00b8p \u00eb c\u00b8c thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea c\u00f2, bao g\u00e5m c\u00b6 \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng. Sau cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (1954) v\u00b5 Angi\u00aari (1958), \u00abng ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng v\u00b5 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n vi\u00d6c trao tr\u00b6 \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp cho m\u00e9t s\u00e8 n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u Phi; n\u00a8m 1959, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00c7u l\u00b5m T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c tr\u00f3ng c\u00f6 v\u00b5o n\u00a8m 1965; theo \u00aeu\u00e6i \u00ae\u2212\u00eang l\u00e8i \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p trong c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh y\u00d5u v\u00edi c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc \u00a2u - M\u00fc. \u00a4ng t\u00f5 ch\u00f8c T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng n\u00a8m 1969. G G\u00a1NG\u00a7I, M\u00abhan\u00ae\u00b8t Karamsan (1869 - 1948): Nh\u00b5 tri\u00d5t h\u00e4c, nh\u00b5 v\u00a8n, nh\u00b5 ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng n\u00e6i ti\u00d5ng c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00can \u00a7\u00e9. Trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Anh, gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, M.K. G\u00a8ng\u00aei ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng kh\u00abng d\u00efng b\u00b9o l\u00f9c v\u00b5 kh\u00abng coi b\u00b9o l\u00f9c l\u00b5 ph\u2212\u00acng th\u00f8c \u00ae\u00cau tranh. Trong phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00eb \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 (1919 - 1922), M.K. G\u00a8ng\u00aei tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng Qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00b9i v\u00b5 gi\u00f7 vai tr\u00df quan tr\u00e4ng trong vi\u00d6c bi\u00d5n \u00a7\u00b6ng n\u00b5y th\u00b5nh m\u00e9t t\u00e6 ch\u00f8c qu\u00c7n ch\u00f3ng ch\u00e8ng \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c. H\u00e4c thuy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d2 kh\u00b8ng ti\u00aau c\u00f9c c\u00f1a M.K. G\u00a8ng\u00aei tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng ch\u00ddnh th\u00e8ng c\u00f1a \u00a7\u00b6ng Qu\u00e8c \u00ae\u00b9i trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh cho n\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp \u00can \u00a7\u00e9. N\u00a8m 1946, M.K. G\u00a8ng\u00aei tuy\u00aan b\u00e8 kh\u00abng nh\u00cat thi\u00d5t ch\u00d8 d\u00efng ph\u2212\u00acng ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u00cau tranh kh\u00abng b\u00b9o l\u00f9c. M.K. G\u00a8ng\u00aei c\u00e3 \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng v\u00b5 uy t\u00ddn l\u00edn \u00eb \u00can \u00a7\u00e9. Nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00can \u00a7\u00e9 suy t\u00abn l\u00b5 Mah\u00b8tma ngh\u00dca l\u00b5 \\\"t\u00a9m h\u00e5n v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i\\\". N\u00a8m 1948, \u00abng b\u00de b\u00e4n ph\u00b6n \u00ae\u00e9ng \u00b8m s\u00b8t. H HAI B\u00b5 TR\u00a6NG (Tr\u2212ng Tr\u00bec v\u00b5 Tr\u2212ng Nh\u00de): Th\u00b8ng 3 n\u00a8m 40, Hai B\u00b5 Tr\u2212ng ph\u00cat c\u00ea kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca ch\u00e8ng gi\u00c6c phong ki\u00d5n \u00a7\u00abng H\u00b8n t\u00f5 ph\u2212\u00acng B\u00bec x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec v\u00b5 th\u00e8ng tr\u00de n\u2212\u00edc ta.","b\u00b6n ch\u00d8 d\u00c9n t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai 731 Phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u2212\u00eec nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n kh\u00bep n\u00aci h\u2212\u00ebng \u00f8ng. Ch\u00d8 trong m\u00e9t th\u00eai gian ng\u00ben, 65 huy\u00d6n th\u00b5nh, t\u00f8c l\u00b5 to\u00b5n b\u00e9 n\u2212\u00edc ta h\u00e5i \u00ae\u00e3, \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng. Tr\u2212ng Tr\u00bec \u00ae\u2212\u00eec suy t\u00abn l\u00b5m vua (Tr\u2212ng V\u2212\u00acng) \u00ae\u00e3ng \u00ae\u00ab \u00eb M\u00aa Linh (nay thu\u00e9c huy\u00d6n M\u00aa Linh, H\u00b5 N\u00e9i). Sau ba n\u00a8m gi\u00b5nh \u00ae\u2212\u00eec quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp t\u00f9 ch\u00f1, n\u2212\u00edc ta b\u00de nh\u00b5 H\u00b8n \u00ae\u00ab h\u00e9. Kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca c\u00f1a Hai B\u00b5 Tr\u2212ng - cu\u00e9c kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca ch\u00e8ng qu\u00a9n x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan \u00eb n\u2212\u00edc ta, \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00d3 l\u00b9i m\u00e9t trang s\u00f6 v\u00ce vang trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b5nh quy\u00d2n \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp cho d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Ho\u00b5ng \u00ae\u00b9o thu\u00fd (1900 - 1994): Nh\u00b5 gi\u00b8o, nh\u00b5 v\u00a8n ho\u00b8, qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n Thanh Tr\u00d7, H\u00b5 N\u00e9i. \u00a4ng t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p Tr\u2212\u00eang Cao \u00ae\u00bcng S\u2212 ph\u00b9m H\u00b5 N\u00e9i (1920), T\u00e6ng u\u00fb vi\u00aan H\u2212\u00edng \u00ae\u00b9o sinh (1930 - 1945), Gi\u00b8m \u00ae\u00e8c Tr\u2212\u00eang V\u00e2 b\u00de Tr\u00c7n Qu\u00e8c Tu\u00can (1946 - 1947), C\u00f4c tr\u2212\u00ebng C\u00f4c Qu\u00a9n hu\u00can (1948), T\u00e6ng Th\u2212 k\u00fd Ban Thi \u00aeua Trung \u2212\u00acng (1948), C\u00f4c tr\u2212\u00ebng C\u00f4c Th\u00abng tin li\u00aan l\u00b9c (1949), \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i c\u00b8c kho\u00b8 I, II. HO\u00b5NG HOA TH\u00b8M (1862 - 1913): T\u00f8c \u00a7\u00d2 Th\u00b8m, l\u00b7nh t\u00f4 c\u00f1a ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n Y\u00aan Th\u00d5. Xu\u00cat th\u00a9n t\u00f5 m\u00e9t gia \u00ae\u00d7nh n\u00abng d\u00a9n qu\u00aa \u00eb huy\u00d6n Ti\u00aan L\u00f7, t\u00d8nh H\u2212ng Y\u00aan, \u00ae\u00b7 tham gia nhi\u00d2u cu\u00e9c kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca ch\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8p. N\u00a8m 1888, \u00abng tham gia phong tr\u00b5o kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca n\u00abng d\u00a9n Y\u00aan Th\u00d5 (B\u00bec Giang), m\u00e9t phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cau tranh y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc quy\u00d5t li\u00d6t v\u00b5 b\u00d2n b\u00d8 c\u00f1a n\u00abng d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam. D\u00f2ng c\u00b6m, c\u00e3 t\u00b5i, bi\u00d5t thu ph\u00f4c l\u00dfng ng\u2212\u00eai n\u00aan \u00abng \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh th\u00f1 l\u00dcnh c\u00f1a ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n. D\u2212\u00edi s\u00f9 l\u00b7nh \u00ae\u00b9o c\u00f1a \u00abng, ngh\u00dca qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00b7 g\u00a9y cho \u00ae\u00dech r\u00cat nhi\u00d2u t\u00e6n th\u00cat v\u00b5 l\u00b5m cho ch\u00f3ng ph\u00b6i lo ng\u00b9i. N\u00a8m 1913, \u00abng b\u00de b\u00e4n tay sai c\u00f1a th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p \u00b8m h\u00b9i. HO\u00b5NG H\u00f7U NAM t\u00f8c Phan B\u00abi (1911 - 1947): Qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n \u00a7i\u00d6n B\u00b5n, Qu\u00b6ng Nam. \u00a4ng h\u00e4c \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i v\u00b5 tham gia c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng. N\u00a8m 1929, v\u00b5o S\u00b5i G\u00dfn, sau \u00ae\u00e3 \u00ae\u2212\u00eec k\u00d5t n\u00b9p v\u00b5o \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n Vi\u00d6t Nam; b\u00de th\u00f9c d\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p b\u00bet t\u00ef kh\u00e6 sai \u00eb C\u00abn \u00a7\u00b6o (1930 - 1936). N\u00a8m 1939, \u00abng b\u00de b\u00bet l\u00c7n th\u00f8 hai, \u00ae\u00b5y \u00aei B\u00bec M\u00aa, r\u00e5i \u00ae\u2212a sang Ma\u00aeag\u00b8txca. N\u00a8m 1943 tr\u00eb v\u00d2 Vi\u00d6t B\u00bec. C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m th\u00b5nh c\u00abng (1945), \u00abng l\u00b5 Th\u00f8 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 N\u00e9i v\u00f4 trong Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 li\u00aan hi\u00d6p kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00b5 m\u00cat v\u00d7 tai n\u00b9n tr\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang c\u00abng t\u00b8c (1947).","732 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP HU\u00faNH TH\u00f3C KH\u00b8NG (1876 - 1947): Nh\u00a9n s\u00dc y\u00aau n\u2212\u00edc, sinh ra \u00eb l\u00b5ng Th\u00b9nh B\u00d7nh, t\u00e6ng Ti\u00aan Ph\u2212\u00edc Th\u2212\u00eeng (nay l\u00b5 huy\u00d6n Ti\u00aan Ph\u2212\u00edc), t\u00d8nh Qu\u00b6ng Nam. \u00a7\u00e7 gi\u00b6i Nguy\u00aan n\u00a8m 1900 v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e7 Ho\u00b5ng Gi\u00b8p n\u00a8m 1904. V\u00d7 c\u00efng v\u00edi Phan Chu Trinh, Tr\u00c7n Qu\u00fd C\u00b8p tuy\u00aan truy\u00d2n thuy\u00d5t Duy T\u00a9n, \u00abng b\u00de Ph\u00b8p b\u00bet v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b5y \u00aei C\u00abn \u00a7\u00b6o 13 n\u00a8m (1908 - 1921). N\u00a8m 1926, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec b\u00c7u l\u00b5m Vi\u00d6n tr\u2212\u00ebng Vi\u00d6n D\u00a9n bi\u00d3u Trung K\u00fa, nh\u2212ng do ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i Kh\u00a9m s\u00f8 Ph\u00b8p n\u00aan \u00abng t\u00f5 ch\u00f8c v\u00b5 s\u00b8ng l\u00cbp ra t\u00ea b\u00b8o Ti\u00d5ng d\u00a9n \u00eb Hu\u00d5 (1927 - 1943). Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00ae\u00b7 m\u00eai \u00abng tham gia Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 li\u00aan hi\u00d6p kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00edi c\u2212\u00acng v\u00de B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 N\u00e9i v\u00f4. Khi Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e5 Ch\u00dd Minh \u00aei Ph\u00b8p n\u00a8m 1946, \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec trao quy\u00d2n Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech n\u2212\u00edc. \u00a4ng l\u00b5 m\u00e9t s\u00b8ng l\u00cbp vi\u00aan v\u00b5 l\u00b5 H\u00e9i tr\u2212\u00ebng H\u00e9i Li\u00aan hi\u00d6p qu\u00e8c d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam (Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t). N\u00a8m 1947, \u00abng l\u00a9m b\u00d6nh m\u00cat t\u00b9i Qu\u00b6ng Ng\u00b7i, tr\u00aan \u00ae\u2212\u00eang c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00eb mi\u00d2n Trung. K Kh\u00e6ng t\u00f6 (551 - 479 TCN): Nh\u00b5 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, nh\u00b5 gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c n\u00e6i ti\u00d5ng c\u00f1a n\u2212\u00edc Trung Qu\u00e8c c\u00e6 \u00ae\u00b9i. Kh\u00e6ng T\u00f6 c\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Kh\u00e6ng Phu T\u00f6, t\u00aan th\u00cbt l\u00b5 Kh\u00e6ng Kh\u00a9u, t\u00aan ch\u00f7 l\u00b5 Kh\u00e6ng Tr\u00e4ng Ni, ng\u2212\u00eai n\u2212\u00edc L\u00e7 th\u00eai Xu\u00a9n Thu. Thu\u00eb nh\u00e1 nh\u00b5 ngh\u00cco nh\u2212ng r\u00cat ham h\u00e4c, sau tu\u00e6i 30 m\u00edi b\u00bet \u00ae\u00c7u l\u00cbp nghi\u00d6p, v\u00f5a d\u00b9y h\u00e4c, v\u00f5a tham gia ch\u00ddnh s\u00f9, t\u00f5ng l\u00b5m quan n\u2212\u00edc L\u00e7, r\u00e5i chu du qua nhi\u00d2u n\u2212\u00edc ch\u2212 h\u00c7u, nh\u2212ng \u00ae\u00d2u kh\u00abng c\u00e3 c\u00ac h\u00e9i th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n l\u00fd t\u2212\u00ebng ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de c\u00f1a \u00abng. Kh\u00e6ng gi\u00b8o, hay c\u00dfn g\u00e4i l\u00b5 Nho gi\u00b8o, do \u00abng \u00ae\u00d2 x\u2212\u00edng v\u00b5o th\u00eai Xu\u00a9n Thu, \u00ae\u2212\u00eec ho\u00b5n ch\u00d8nh v\u00b5 b\u00e6 sung qua nhi\u00d2u th\u00eai k\u00fa v\u00b5 b\u00ebi nhi\u00d2u nh\u00a9n v\u00cbt nh\u2212 M\u00b9nh T\u00f6, \u00a7\u00e6ng Tr\u00e4ng Th\u2212, Tr\u00d7nh H\u00b9o, Chu Hy, V\u2212\u00acng D\u2212\u00acng Minh... D\u2212\u00edi th\u00eai H\u00b8n V\u00f2 \u00a7\u00d5 (139 TCN), Kh\u00e6ng gi\u00b8o tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh h\u00d6 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng \u00ae\u00e9c t\u00abn c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap th\u00e8ng tr\u00de phong ki\u00d5n Trung Qu\u00e8c. Kh\u00e6ng gi\u00b8o ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng x\u00a9y d\u00f9ng x\u00b7 h\u00e9i Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00d2 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de, x\u00b7 h\u00e9i, \u00ae\u00b9o \u00ae\u00f8c theo Tam c\u2212\u00acng (qu\u00a9n th\u00c7n, phu ph\u00f4, ph\u00f4 t\u00f6) v\u00b5 Ng\u00f2 th\u2212\u00eang (nh\u00a9n, ngh\u00dca, l\u00d4, tr\u00dd, t\u00ddn), vua ph\u00b6i l\u00b5 \\\"minh qu\u00a9n\\\", c\u00dfn b\u00d2 t\u00abi","b\u00b6n ch\u00d8 d\u00c9n t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai 733 ph\u00b6i ph\u00can \u00ae\u00cau theo \u00ae\u00b9o \\\"tu th\u00a9n, t\u00d2 gia, tr\u00de qu\u00e8c, b\u00d7nh thi\u00aan h\u00b9\\\" \u00ae\u00d3 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh \\\"qu\u00a9n t\u00f6\\\". T\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng c\u00f1a Kh\u00e6ng T\u00f6 v\u00d2 c\u00ac b\u00b6n th\u00d3 hi\u00d6n r\u00e2 trong cu\u00e8n Lu\u00cbn ng\u00f7. Su\u00e8t h\u00acn 20 th\u00d5 k\u00fb qua, Kh\u00e6ng gi\u00b8o \u00ae\u00b7 tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh h\u00d6 t\u2212 t\u2212\u00ebng, l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 m\u00e9t \u00ae\u00b9o gi\u00b8o c\u00e3 \u00b6nh h\u2212\u00ebng s\u00a9u s\u00bec \u00ae\u00d5n m\u00e4i m\u00c6t \u00ae\u00eai s\u00e8ng c\u00f1a x\u00b7 h\u00e9i Trung Qu\u00e8c v\u00b5 nhi\u00d2u n\u2212\u00edc ch\u00a9u \u00b8. L LAVAN, Pier\u00ac (1883 - 1945): Ngh\u00de s\u00dc Qu\u00e8c h\u00e9i Ph\u00b8p trong th\u00eai gian 1914 - 1919 v\u00b5 1924 - 1927; Th\u00f1 t\u2212\u00edng n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p trong nh\u00f7ng n\u00a8m 1931 - 1932 v\u00b5 1935 - 1936. Khi Chi\u00d5n tranh th\u00d5 gi\u00edi th\u00f8 hai b\u00efng n\u00e6, P. Lavan l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai thay m\u00c6t Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 P\u00aatanh k\u00fd \u201cHi\u00d6p \u2212\u00edc h\u00dfa b\u00d7nh\u201d \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00b5ng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c, tr\u00eb th\u00b5nh ng\u2212\u00eai \u00ae\u00f8ng \u00ae\u00c7u Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 b\u00ef nh\u00d7n Visi (1942 - 1944). Khi n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p \u00ae\u2212\u00eec gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng (1944), P. Lavan b\u00e1 ch\u00b9y ra n\u2212\u00edc ngo\u00b5i. Th\u00b8ng 8-1945, P. Lavan b\u00de Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 \u00b8o trao tr\u00b6 cho Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 Ph\u00b8p v\u00b5 b\u00de x\u00f6 nh\u2212 k\u00ce ph\u00b6n b\u00e9i. L\u00a3 H\u00f7U T\u00f5 (1896 - 1967): Sinh t\u00b9i D\u00de Loan, Qu\u00b6ng Tr\u00de. T\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 11- 1945, l\u00b5 Gi\u00b8m m\u00f4c \u00ae\u00dea ph\u00cbn B\u00efi Chu - Ph\u00b8t Di\u00d6m. Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m (1945), \u00ae\u2212\u00eec c\u00f6 v\u00b5o Ban C\u00e8 v\u00can Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1. L\u00eei d\u00f4ng danh ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00e3, L\u00aa H\u00f7u T\u00f5 \u00ae\u00b7 v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng gi\u00b8o d\u00a9n l\u00cbp Gi\u00b8o khu t\u00f9 tr\u00de B\u00efi Chu - Ph\u00b8t Di\u00d6m. Theo y\u00aau c\u00c7u c\u00f1a L\u00aa H\u00f7u T\u00f5, ng\u00b5y 16-10-1949, qu\u00a9n Ph\u00b8p nh\u00b6y d\u00ef xu\u00e8ng Ph\u00b8t Di\u00d6m v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00e6 b\u00e9 l\u00aan B\u00efi Chu, chi\u00d5m \u00ae\u00e3ng trung t\u00a9m C\u00abng gi\u00b8o \u00eb \u00ae\u00e5ng b\u00bbng B\u00bec B\u00e9. N\u00a8m 1954, L\u00aa H\u00f7u T\u00f5 di c\u2212 v\u00b5o mi\u00d2n Nam v\u00b5 ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c. L\u00a3 L\u00eeI (1385 - 1433): Anh h\u00efng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c, xu\u00cat th\u00a9n trong m\u00e9t gia \u00ae\u00d7nh \u201c\u00a7\u00eai \u00ae\u00eai l\u00b5m qu\u00a9n tr\u2212\u00ebng m\u00e9t ph\u2212\u00acng\u201d (v\u00a8n bia V\u00dcnh L\u00a8ng). N\u00a8m 1406, nh\u00b5 Minh x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc ta. Tr\u2212\u00edc c\u00b6nh n\u2212\u00edc m\u00cat nh\u00b5 tan, \u00abng r\u00cat \u00aeau l\u00dfng v\u00b5 nu\u00abi ch\u00dd di\u00d6t gi\u00c6c c\u00f8u n\u2212\u00edc. Ng\u00b5y 7-2-1418,","734 H\u00e5 CH\u00dd MINH TO\u00b5N T\u00cbP sau qu\u00b8 tr\u00d7nh chu\u00c8n b\u00de v\u00b5 v\u00cbn \u00ae\u00e9ng nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n, L\u00aa L\u00eei \u00ae\u2212\u00eec Nguy\u00d4n Tr\u00b7i gi\u00f3p s\u00f8c \u00ae\u00b7 ph\u00cat c\u00ea kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca \u00eb Lam S\u00acn (Thanh Ho\u00b8). \u00a7\u2212\u00eec \u00ae\u00abng \u00ae\u00b6o c\u00b8c t\u00c7ng l\u00edp nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n \u00f1ng h\u00e9, cu\u00e9c kh\u00ebi ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00b7 nhanh ch\u00e3ng chuy\u00d3n th\u00b5nh cu\u00e9c chi\u00d5n tranh gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. Cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n v\u00dc \u00ae\u00b9i n\u00b5y k\u00d0o d\u00b5i 10 n\u00a8m (1418 - 1428) v\u00b5 k\u00d5t th\u00f3c th\u00beng l\u00eei, l\u00cbt \u00ae\u00e6 \u00b8ch th\u00e8ng tr\u00de c\u00f1a nh\u00b5 Minh - m\u00e9t qu\u00e8c gia phong ki\u00d5n h\u00efng c\u2212\u00eang l\u00f3c b\u00cay gi\u00ea. Sau khi chi\u00d5n th\u00beng qu\u00a9n Minh, ng\u00b5y 29-4-1428, L\u00aa L\u00eei l\u00aan ng\u00abi vua v\u00b5 l\u00cbp ra tri\u00d2u L\u00aa, \u00ae\u2212a ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 phong ki\u00d5n Vi\u00d6t Nam v\u00b5o giai \u00aeo\u00b9n ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n th\u00denh v\u2212\u00eeng. L\u00a3NIN, Vla\u00aeimia Il\u00ddch (1870 - 1924): L\u00b7nh t\u00f4 thi\u00aan t\u00b5i c\u00f1a giai c\u00cap v\u00ab s\u00b6n v\u00b5 nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n lao \u00ae\u00e9ng to\u00b5n th\u00d5 gi\u00edi, ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00b8ng l\u00cbp \u00a7\u00b6ng C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n B\u00abns\u00aav\u00ddch Nga v\u00b5 Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc x\u00b7 h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca \u00ae\u00c7u ti\u00aan trong l\u00dech s\u00f6 lo\u00b5i ng\u2212\u00eai, \u00abng c\u00f2ng l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai s\u00b8ng l\u00cbp Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n. K\u00d5 t\u00f4c s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p c\u00f1a C. M\u00b8c v\u00b5 Ph. \u00a1ngghen, V.I. L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u00cau tranh ki\u00aan quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00d3 b\u00b6o v\u00d6 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c, ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i m\u00e4i s\u00f9 xuy\u00aan t\u00b9c c\u00f1a b\u00e4n c\u00ac h\u00e9i ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca v\u00b5 ph\u00b8t tri\u00d3n m\u00e9t c\u00b8ch thi\u00aan t\u00b5i c\u00b6 ba b\u00e9 ph\u00cbn h\u00eep th\u00b5nh ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca M\u00b8c (tri\u00d5t h\u00e4c m\u00b8cx\u00ddt, kinh t\u00d5 ch\u00ddnh tr\u00de h\u00e4c m\u00b8cx\u00ddt v\u00b5 ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca x\u00b7 h\u00e9i khoa h\u00e4c), gi\u00b6i quy\u00d5t \u00ae\u00f3ng \u00ae\u00ben v\u00d2 l\u00fd lu\u00cbn v\u00b5 th\u00f9c ti\u00d4n c\u00b8c v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 \u00ae\u00c6t ra cho c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng v\u00ab s\u00b6n trong th\u00eai \u00ae\u00b9i \u00ae\u00d5 qu\u00e8c ch\u00f1 ngh\u00dca. V.I. L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00c6c bi\u00d6t quan t\u00a9m v\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b7 \u00ae\u2212a ra nhi\u00d2u lu\u00cbn \u00aei\u00d3m quan tr\u00e4ng v\u00d2 phong tr\u00b5o \u00ae\u00cau tranh gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c \u00eb c\u00b8c n\u2212\u00edc thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea v\u00b5 ph\u00f4 thu\u00e9c. Trong b\u00b6n S\u00ac th\u00b6o l\u00c7n th\u00f8 nh\u00cat nh\u00f7ng lu\u00cbn c\u2212\u00acng v\u00d2 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 d\u00a9n t\u00e9c v\u00b5 v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 thu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00dea tr\u00d7nh b\u00b5y t\u00b9i \u00a7\u00b9i h\u00e9i II c\u00f1a Qu\u00e8c t\u00d5 C\u00e9ng s\u00b6n (n\u00a8m 1920), V.I. L\u00aanin \u00ae\u00b7 n\u00aau ra nh\u00f7ng v\u00can \u00ae\u00d2 c\u00ac b\u00b6n c\u00f1a phong tr\u00b5o gi\u00b6i ph\u00e3ng d\u00a9n t\u00e9c. L\u00a3 TH\u00a6\u00edC (1890 - 1975): Qu\u00aa huy\u00d6n La S\u00acn, nay l\u00b5 huy\u00d6n \u00a7\u00f8c Th\u00e4, t\u00d8nh H\u00b5 T\u00dcnh. Th\u00eai nh\u00e1 theo H\u00b8n h\u00e4c, \u00ae\u00e7 gi\u00b6i Nguy\u00aan. \u00a4ng t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p Th\u00b5nh chung t\u00b9i Tr\u2212\u00eang Qu\u00e8c h\u00e4c Hu\u00d5, t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p Tr\u2212\u00eang Cao \u00ae\u00bcng S\u2212 ph\u00b9m H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, r\u00e5i d\u00b9y h\u00e4c.","b\u00b6n ch\u00d8 d\u00c9n t\u00aan ng\u2212\u00eai 735 C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m (1945) th\u00b5nh c\u00abng, \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec giao nhi\u00d2u ch\u00f8c v\u00f4: Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech U\u00fb ban t\u00b6n c\u2212, di c\u2212 t\u00d8nh Thanh Ho\u00b8, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech U\u00fb ban t\u00a8ng gia s\u00b6n xu\u00cat t\u00d8nh Thanh Ho\u00b8, \u00f1y vi\u00aan M\u00c6t tr\u00cbn Li\u00aan Vi\u00d6t to\u00b5n qu\u00e8c... N\u00a8m 1954, \u00abng c\u00abng t\u00b8c \u00eb B\u00e9 Gi\u00b8o d\u00f4c, r\u00e5i B\u00e9 V\u00a8n ho\u00b8; l\u00b5 t\u00b8c gi\u00b6 c\u00f1a nhi\u00d2u c\u00abng tr\u00d7nh nghi\u00aan c\u00f8u v\u00a8n h\u00e4c, s\u00f6 h\u00e4c. l\u00aa v\u00a8n hi\u00d5n (1904 - 1997): Qu\u00aa \u00eb \u00a7\u00b5 N\u00bdng. N\u00a8m 1927, tham gia l\u00cbp Chi b\u00e9 H\u00e9i Vi\u00d6t Nam C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Thanh ni\u00aan \u00eb H\u00b5 N\u00e9i, b\u00de \u00ae\u00dech b\u00bet nh\u2212ng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec th\u00b6, ph\u00b6i \u00ae\u00e6i v\u00b5o Nha Trang l\u00b5m vi\u00d6c (1929). \u00a4ng ti\u00d5p t\u00f4c ho\u00b9t \u00ae\u00e9ng v\u00b5 b\u00de b\u00bet l\u00c7n th\u00f8 hai, b\u00de giam \u00eb ng\u00f4c Kon Tum (1930 - 1935). N\u00a8m 1940, b\u00de \u00ae\u00dech b\u00bet l\u00c7n th\u00f8 ba. Sau C\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng Th\u00b8ng T\u00b8m (1945), \u00abng \u00ae\u2212\u00eec giao nhi\u00d2u tr\u00e4ng tr\u00b8ch: B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 Lao \u00ae\u00e9ng, Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech t\u00d8nh \u00a7\u00b5 N\u00bdng (1945), B\u00e9 tr\u2212\u00ebng B\u00e9 T\u00b5i ch\u00ddnh (1946 - 1959), Ph\u00e3 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech H\u00e9i \u00ae\u00e5ng Qu\u00e8c ph\u00dfng t\u00e8i cao (1948), Ph\u00e3 Ch\u00f1 t\u00dech U\u00fb ban K\u00d5 ho\u00b9ch Nh\u00b5 n\u2212\u00edc (1958), \u00a7\u00b9i s\u00f8 n\u2212\u00edc ta t\u00b9i L\u00b5o (1962 - 1977). L\u00a3 V\u00a1N HO\u00b9CH (1896 - 1978): Qu\u00aa \u00eb Phong \u00a7i\u00d2n, C\u00c7n Th\u00ac, t\u00e8t nghi\u00d6p b\u00b8c s\u00dc y khoa t\u00b9i Ph\u00b8p n\u00a8m 1923, l\u00b5 Th\u00f1 t\u2212\u00edng Ch\u00ddnh ph\u00f1 b\u00ef nh\u00d7n \\\"Nam K\u00fa t\u00f9 tr\u00de\\\" do Ph\u00b8p d\u00f9ng l\u00aan cu\u00e8i n\u00a8m 1946, nh\u00bbm ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n ta, ph\u00b8 ho\u00b9i s\u00f9 nghi\u00d6p \u00ae\u00e9c l\u00cbp d\u00a9n t\u00e9c v\u00b5 th\u00e8ng nh\u00cat T\u00e6 qu\u00e8c c\u00f1a nh\u00a9n d\u00a9n Vi\u00d6t Nam. LINC\u00a4N, Abraham (1809 - 1865): T\u00e6ng th\u00e8ng M\u00fc (1861 - 1865). A. Linc\u00abn l\u00b5 \u00ae\u00b9i bi\u00d3u c\u00f1a c\u00b8c nh\u00e3m t\u2212 s\u00b6n c\u00b8c bang mi\u00d2n B\u00bec, ch\u00f1 tr\u2212\u00acng ch\u00e8ng l\u00b9i vi\u00d6c duy tr\u00d7 ch\u00d5 \u00ae\u00e9 n\u00ab l\u00d6, m\u00eb r\u00e9ng quy\u00d2n d\u00a9n ch\u00f1 cho c\u00abng d\u00a9n. Trong cu\u00e9c n\u00e9i chi\u00d5n (1862 - 1865), A. Linc\u00abn \u00ae\u00b7 th\u00f9c hi\u00d6n nh\u00f7ng bi\u00d6n ph\u00b8p c\u00b8ch m\u00b9ng v\u00b5 gi\u00b5nh th\u00beng l\u00eei trong cu\u00e9c \u00ae\u00cau tranh ch\u00e8ng b\u00e4n ch\u00f1 n\u00ab \u00eb mi\u00d2n Nam. Th\u00b8ng 4-1865, A. Linc\u00abn b\u00de \u00b8m s\u00b8t. L\u00a5CL\u00d0C, Philip Mari\u00ac \u00ae\u00ea (1902 - 1947): \u00a7\u00b9i t\u2212\u00edng Ph\u00b8p, tham gia cu\u00e9c kh\u00b8ng chi\u00d5n ch\u00e8ng ph\u00b8t x\u00ddt \u00a7\u00f8c x\u00a9m l\u2212\u00eec n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p; l\u00b5 T\u00e6ng ch\u00d8 huy qu\u00a9n \u00ae\u00e9i vi\u00d4n chinh Ph\u00b8p \u00eb \u00a7\u00abng D\u2212\u00acng (t\u00f5 th\u00b8ng 8-1945 \u00ae\u00d5n th\u00b8ng 6-1946); l\u00b5 ng\u2212\u00eai nh\u00a9n danh n\u2212\u00edc Ph\u00b8p k\u00fd v\u00a8n b\u00b6n \u00ae\u00c7u h\u00b5ng"]