Social Studies Book 2_2077 Edition

Approved by the Government of Nepal, Ministry of Education Curriculum Development Centre (CDC), Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal. SoNew cial Studies wi th C R E A ART TI VE Revised Edition 2Grade Authors Kiran Thapa Yojana Karmacharya This book belongs to: Name : Class : Roll No.: School: Phone No.:

Published by TU Road, Kuleshwor, Kathmandu, Nepal. Phone: 4672071, 5187211, 5187226 Fax: 00977-1-4672073 E-mail: [email protected] www.readmorenp.com © Copyright: Publisher 2073 BS First Edition : 2069 BS Revised Edition : 2072 BS Reprint : 2073 BS Reprint : 2074 BS Reprint : 2075 BS Reprint : 2076 BS Revised Edition : 2077 BS No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted by any means, electronic, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without prior written permission from the publisher. Any breach of this condition will entail legal action and prosecution. Content Editors Special thanks to: Matrika Pd. Lamsal Ellen Dietrich Vani Rana Ashish Pradhan In the Loving Memory of Late Amir Kumar Batajoo. Layout Readmore Desktop Printed in Nepal You can exchange this book from your nearest book shop if any binding errors are found. Read to help others read ! We are pleased to inform that a certain amount from each book is allocated to the Charity Fund. The fund is provided to deserving and needy students all over Nepal. The charity always welcomes co-operation and support from all well wishers and agencies.

About the book ’s New Social Studies series is an appropriately graded series of social studies for school children. The primary level series consists of six books suitable for classes UKG to V. This series is prepared especially for the students between five to eleven years of age. It is an appropriately planned series that fulfills the needs of students and teachers and meets the changing situations of our country and the world. Salient features of the book: v The entire curriculum has been divided into seven units as specified by the Curriculum Development Centre, Government of Nepal. Similarly the second phase of the book has creative art. This lesson helps students develop various skills and creativity. For the convenience of the teachers, Audio-Visual materials are provided with the book. It is a very new trend in the field of education in Nepal. v The objectives of the lessons given at the beginning of each lesson enable teachers to clearly understand the theme of the lesson and plan accordingly. v The note to the teacher is placed at the bottom of each lesson with guidelines and some useful tips for teachers about presenting the lesson in a useful and meaningful way. v Lessons in Grade one and two have been presented in a two-page-format. The page with the content of the lesson is on the left and the page with the evaluation exercises is on the right side. v Evaluation exercises are presented in such a way; so that the students solve the problems by themselves. This also gives an idea to the teachers to understand whether students have grasped the theme of the lesson or not. There are textual questions in which the students read the text and solve the problems. v The content of the lessons are written in simple language with colourful illustrations. Social, ethnic, geographical diversities and gender equality are given special attention. v To make the text more interesting for students, the lessons contain various reading materials such as stories, dialogues, letters, etc. v At the end of every unit, one fun exercise is given. v At the end of each unit, a list of glossary and revision exercises are given for each respective unit. We would like to express our sincere thanks to the principals and teachers who have recommended ’s New Social Studies book to their students and schools. We are confident that these books will meet the objectives set forth by CDC/Government of Nepal. We highly appreciate the opinion and constructive suggestions from the teachers and intellectuals. - Authors

Table of Contents Unit 1My Family, My Neighbours UnitOur5Earth and Me 1. The Places Where We Live 60 1. I Love My Work 6 2. Around My Village 62 2. Work We Do 8 3. A Beautiful Village 64 3. Helpful Girl 10 4. Map of My Village 66 4. Thank You for Sharing 12 Let’s Revise 69 Fun Exercises 71 5. My Belongings 14 Let’s Revise 17 UnitOur6Past 1. Dorje’s Past and Present Fun Exercises 19 2. Lakpa’s Birthday 3. Our National Symbols Unit 2Our Traditions, Social 73 Values and Norms 75 1. A Good Neighbour 77 2. My Neighbours 3. Celebrating Festivals 21 Let’s Revise 80 4. Social Work 23 Fun Exercises 82 5. Helpful Neighbourhood 25 27 Unit 7Economic Activities 84 Let’s Revise 29 Fun Exercises 1. All Work is Equal 32 34 2. Be Careful 86 Unit 3Social Problems and 3. Good Habits 88 Solutions 1. Proud to Be Your Friend 4. Products of Our Village 90 2. Help the Needy People 3. Glad to Help 5. Products of Our Country 92 Let’s Revise 36 Let’s Revise 95 Fun Exercises 38 Fun Exercises 97 40 Let’s Stop and Think 98 43 45 CREATIVE ART 101 102 Unit 4Civic Awareness 47 1. Drawing and Colouring 103 49 2. Hand and Finger Printing 104 1. Helpful Habits 51 3. Vegetable Printing 105 2. Public Property 53 4. Flower and Leaf Printing 106 3. Care of Public Properties 5. Ink Blotting 107 4. My Turn Please 56 6. Wax Painting 108/109 58 7. Paper Collage 110 Let’s Revise 8. Paper Folding (A & B) 111 Fun Exercises 9. Clay Work 112 10. Acting 11. Children Song

1Unit MY FAMILY, MY NEIGHBOURS AND ME I Love My Work Work We Do Helpful Girl Thank You for Sharing My Belongings

LESSON I LOVE MY WORK 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss different types of work they can do at home. n discuss different types of work they can do at school. Today is Friday, the last day of the week. I got up early in the morning. I washed my face and brushed my teeth. I went to the kitchen to have my breakfast. I finished my homework. I put my books and copies inside the bag. I wore my school uniform and my shoes. Then I went to school. After attending the assembly, I went to my classroom. I studied various interesting lessons. During lunch time I had my lunch. Next, I played on the playground with my friends. One of my friends fell down while playing. I took him to the sickroom. My friends and I cleaned the classroom before we went home. We put the rubbish in the dustbin. After coming home, I folded my uniform and kept it inside the cupboard. I put my shoes in the shoe-rack and other things in their proper places. Tomorrow is Saturday. It is a holiday and I do not have to go to school. My friends and I are planning to go to the fair. We all are very excited. I will still have to do some work before I go to the fair. What do you think I will have to do? Note to the Teacher: Discuss with the students about the work they do by themselves at home and at school. Encourage them to do simple and easy work by themselves. 6 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises Think and Write. 1 What work do you do in the morning, during the day and in the evening? Write in the given table. Morning Day Evening 2 Tick (ü) the work that you can do. Cross (û) the work that you cannot do. a. Wash clothes e. Polish the shoes b. Cook food f. Water the plants c. Bath yourself g. Feed the pets d. Carry your schoolbag h. Sweep the floor 3 Complete the following sentences. a. I................my uniform before keeping it in the cupboard. b. I put my shoes in the......................... c. We throw........................in the dustbin. d. Every morning I................my face and................my teeth. 4 Ask your bench partner what work they can and cannot do. Can do Cannot do Social Studies - Grade 2 7

LESSON WORK WE DO 2 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss the profession of their family members. n help their family members with their works. My name is Basu. I live with my family. My father is an engineer. He designs buildings and bridges. He works at the office. My mother is a teacher. She teaches Social Studies in a school. My parents work hard for the family. My grandfather weaves Doko, Dalo, Namlo, etc. My grandmother knits sweaters, socks and caps. The things they produce at home are sold in the market. I love the clothes my grandmother makes for me. My friends say I look good in those clothes. My uncle is a goldsmith. He makes various types of ornaments. He uses gold and silver to make beautiful jewelry. My aunt works in a cottage industry. The industry produces candles and sells them in the market. Besides these, my family members also work in the field. They produce different crops and vegetables for the family. We also have some goats, hens and a cow in our home. I help my family in little ways that I can. It makes them happy. What can you do to help your family in their work? Note to the Teacher: Ask the students about the work done by each of their family members. Motivate them to help their family members in their own way. 8 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises Think and Write. 1 List the kind of work done by your family members in the given table. Member of your family Work done by him/her 2 Can you guess the profession of these people? 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. 1. What work does Basu’s father do? .......................................................................................... 2. What subject does Basu’s mother teach? .......................................................................................... 3. What does his grandmother do to earn money? .......................................................................................... 4. Which materials does his uncle use to make ornaments? .......................................................................................... 5. What is produced in the industry where Basu’s aunt works? .......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 9

LESSON HELPFUL GIRLObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n feel responsible to help their elder and younger family members. 3 n help their family members with their works. Mother : I am going to the temple for puja. Riya, can you pick some fresh flowers for me? Riya : Sure mother, I will pick some flowers for you. There are roses, marigolds, tulips and lilies in our garden. Oh! They smell so good. Father : I am getting late for my work. Did anybody see my tool box? Riya : I know where it is. Wait, I will bring it to you. Didi : Riya, I am going to clean the room. Will you help me? Riya : Yes didi. I will go and get the broom and dustbin. Dai : Do not forget to do your homework. Riya : I have already finished it. Bhauju, you seem so busy in the kitchen. Is there anything I can do for you? Bhauju : Oh! Thank you. Can you please pick some fresh vegetables from the kitchen garden? Riya : I will pick some vegetables and bring them to the kitchen. I hope this will help you. Bhauju : You are such a helpful girl! Are you a helpful girl like Riya? Note to the Teacher: Show the pictures and illustrations of children taking different responsibilities appropriate for their age. Encourage them to help their family members according to their capabilities. Give each student a job and encourage them to perform it responsibly. 10 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Look at the pictures and write what Riya is doing. a. b. c. 2 How do you help the following people? a. Father: ............................................................................. b. Mother: ........................................................................... c. Sister/Brother: ................................................................. d. Friends: ............................................................................ 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. How does Riya help her father? ......................................................................................... b. How does Riya help her mother? ......................................................................................... c. Where is Riya’s mother going? ......................................................................................... d. How does Riya help her bhauju? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 11

LESSON THANK YOU FOR SHARING 4 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n share their personal belongings with their friends. n learn that sharing is a good habit. In the classroom, Teacher : Sanjeev, why are you not writing? Sanjeev : My pencil is broken. I forgot to bring my sharpener, sir. Teacher : Can anyone lend a sharpener to Sanjeev? Arpana : I have an extra pencil. Shall I give it to him, sir? Teacher : Yes, Arpana, that would be kind of you. Sanjeev : Thank you so much Arpana for sharing. Arjun : Kabita, can I borrow your ruler please? I will give it back to you soon. Kabita : Sure Arjun. You can take it. Teacher : Ashu, can you read the lesson from the book? Ashu : Sorry sir. I forgot to bring my book today. Teacher : Anjali, please share your book with Ashu? Anjali : Of course, sir. I will be happy to share with him. Teacher : You all have shown a good example of sharing. Friends share with one another in times of need. Note to the Teacher: Tell a story with the moral ‘sharing is a good habit’. ‘The bird with two heads’ is a nice story from Panchatantra which you can refer to. Tell them about the benefits of sharing things with each other. 12 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises Think and Write. 1 Write one benefit of sharing things with your friends. ............................................................................................ 2 Read the text and write True or False. a. Arpana lends her pencil to Sanjeev. b. Sanjeev borrows a ruler from Anjali. c. Anjali shares her book with Ashu. d. Kabita shares her ruler with Arjun. 3 Write the things you lend to friends or borrow from friends. Things you have borrowed Things you have lent 4 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences. a. Friends do not share with one another in times of need. b. Congratualtions Arpana for sharing. c. Can anyone borrow a sharpener to Sanjeev? d. Thank you sir. I forgot to bring my book today. Social Studies - Grade 2 13

LESSON MY BELONGINGS 5 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify their personal belongings. n take care of their personal belongings. My Belongings Taking care of my things is something I should do. I keep them in the right place; what about you? I brush my teeth with a toothbrush. I wash my hands with soap. I never waste the toothpaste and the soap. The soap goes in the soap case; the towel goes in the sun. The morning task is over and everything is done. I keep my books and copies inside the bag. The slippers, socks and shoes inside the shoe-rack. I keep my uniform folded in the cupboard. I never tear my books and always keep them covered. Pencil, eraser and ruler go inside the pencil box. I tightly cover the bottle and the tiffin box. I do this every morning and now it’s your turn. Follow my actions and you will learn. Note to the Teacher: Ask the students to name the things that belong to them and list them. Discuss with them about the advantages and disadvantages of keeping the things in their proper and improper places. Encourage them to use their belongings properly. 14 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Match the pictures with their correct places: Exercise Copy 2 Complete the poem. I keep my........................and..........................inside the bag. The slippers, socks and..................inside the........................ I keep my uniform folded in the........................................... I never...................my books and always keep them ....................... 3 How do you take care of the following things? a. Soap: ................................................................................ b. Books: .............................................................................. c. Toothpaste: ...................................................................... d. Towel: .............................................................................. Social Studies - Grade 2 15

Project Work Cut and paste the picture of few of your personal belongings. Now write how you will take care of them. a. ............................................................................................... b. ............................................................................................... c. ............................................................................................... d. ............................................................................................... e. ............................................................................................... f. ............................................................................................... 16 Social Studies - Grade 2

KEY WORDS Assembly : a gathering of school students Cottage industry : small industry managed at someone’s home Excited : very eager or interested Lend : let somebody have something for sometime Produce : make something Sickroom : a room where sick people are kept and treated Waste : use carelessly Let’s Revise 1 What work do you do at home and at school? Write your answers in the given table. Work done at home Work done at school I do homework. I do classwork. 2 Write G for good habits B for bad habits. a. Waking up early in the morning. b. Helping family members in their work. c. Not sharing things with others. d. Keeping things in their proper place. e. Wasting soap and toothpaste. Social Studies - Grade 2 17

3 Complete the sentences with the words from the box. a. Saturday is a.................................... b. A...................................makes ornaments. c. Can I...................................your pencil, please? d. I keep my...................................in the cupboard. e. A...................................grows crops and vegetables. farmer clothes holiday goldsmith borrow 4 Write who they are and what they do. 18 Social Studies - Grade 2

CROSSWORD PUZZLE With the help of the picture clues given, complete the crossword. 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 4. 3. 5. 4. 5. 6. 6. 7. 8. 7. 8. Key words uniform, copy, eraser, towel, ruler, soap, cupboard, pencil Social Studies - Grade 2 19

2Unit OUR TRADITIONS, SOCIAL VALUES AND NORMS A Good Neighbour My Neighbours Celebrating Festivals Social Work Helpful Neighbourhood

LESSON A GOOD NEIGHBOUR 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify their neighbours. n know how to show respect to their neighbours. Kamala : Mother, look. Some people are moving into that new house. Who are they? Mother : They are our new neighbours. It is nice to be friendly with your neighbours. They are the people who live very close to us. We should have a good relationship with them. Go and invite them for tea. Kamala : Namaste Uncle. Namaste Aunt. My name is Kamala. I live in that yellow house. Do you need any help? Aunt : That is so nice of you, Kamala. Thank you. Kamala : My mom says we should always help our neighbours. Uncle : You are a very well mannered girl. We would like to meet your parents some day. Kamala : My mom has invited you for tea today. Please come to our house. I am sure my parents will be very happy to meet you. Aunt : That is so sweet of you and your family. We will surely come to your place in the evening. Kamala : We will be waiting for you. Uncle : Bye Kamala. We feel very lucky to have “A Good Neighbour” like you. Do you like the way Kamala shows respect to her neighbour? Note to the Teacher: This lesson can be effective if performed as a role play. Make the students perform the act of greeting their neighbours according to their cultures and traditions. Social Studies - Grade 2 21

Evaluation Exercises 1 What words of respect are used in your family and neighbourhood? Write any four of them. a. ..........N....a...m....a...s..t...e.............. b. ................H...e...l..l..o................. c. ........................................... d. ........................................... e. ........................................... f. ........................................... 2 How does your family help your neighbour? Example: We help them by sharing things. a. .......................................................................................... b. .......................................................................................... 3 Write two qualities of a good neighbour. a. .......................................................................................... b. .......................................................................................... 4 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Who are called neighbours? ......................................................................................... b. Why did Kamala’s mother invite their new neighbours for tea? ......................................................................................... c. WhydidKamala’sneighbourcallher“AGoodNeighbour”? ........................................................................................ 22 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON MY NEIGHBOURSObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n discuss the lifestyle of their neighbours. 2 n identify various culture and tradition existing in their neighbourhood. I am Jyoti Shrestha. I live in Kuleshwor, Kathmandu. In my neighbourhood, there are people belonging to different castes and ethnic groups. They are Newar, Rai, Brahmin, Limbu, Chhetri, Tharu, Sherpa, Madhesi, etc. They follow different cultural traditions. People coming from different ethnic groups speak different languages. Newar people speak newari and Madhesi people speak Maithali, Bhojpuri, etc. They have their own languages. Nepali is spoken as a common language in my neighbourhood. During festivals, they wear different types of clothes according to their culture like Bakhu-Pangden, Chaubandi cholo, Daura- Suruwal, Dhoti-Kurta. They also prepare special food for their festivals. Some examples are Yomari and Kwati by Newar, Thekuwa by Madhesi, Selroti and Dahi-chiura by Brahmin and Chettri, Syakpa and Rildok by Sherpa. We are all from different cultures and follow different traditions, but we live together peacefully. Note to the Teacher: Show the pictures of people of different cultures wearing their traditional clothes. Let the students name those dresses of different ethnic communities. Tell them to ask their guardians about the social behaviours and practices of their neighbours and discuss them in class. Social Studies - Grade 2 23

Evaluation Exercises 1 The names of different foods, dresses and castes are given below. Put them under the right column. Sherpa, Kwati, Shirt, Khichadi, Sari, Chhetri, Selroti, Newar, Blouse, Rai, Daal, Kurta, Brahmin, Chiura, Shorts Food Dress Caste 2 Write any three languages spoken in Nepal. a. ........................... b. .......................... c. .......................... 3 Name any three languages spoken in your neighbourhood. a. ........................... b. .......................... c. .......................... 4 What kind of dresses do these people wear on special occasions? People Dresses Sherpa Brahmin Gurung Chhetri 5 Name any three foods you usually eat at home. a. ........................... b. .......................... c. .......................... 24 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON CELEBRATING FESTIVALSObjectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n name the different types of festivals observed in their community. 3 n name special foods eaten on these festivals. I am Hema Karki. David, Aliya and Raja are my good friends. I invited them to my house during Dashain. We flew kites and ate delicious food. We enjoyed swinging on the linge ping. David invited us to his home on Christmas Day. We all went to the church. We decorated the Christmas tree with lots of candies, fruits and lights. My friend Aliya invited us to her house during Eid. We ate a special food called Sewain. We also went to Raja’s house during Chhath. We ate Thekuwa there. We really liked these foods. We enjoyed all the festivals. We had plenty of fun together. We have planned to visit each other’s houses next year also. We also celebrate many other festivals like Holi, Ramnawami, Lhosar, Maghe-Sankranti, etc. All these festivals are equally important, and we should celebrate them with joy. Note to the Teacher: Let the students name the various types of festivals they celebrate. Bring pictures of people celebrating various festivals and ask them to identify them. Let them participate in a class activity performing different festivals according to their culture. Social Studies - Grade 2 25

Evaluation Exercises 1 What festivals are being celebrated in the given pictures? Name them. a. ............................ b. ........................ c. .......................... Think and Write. 2 What festivals do you celebrate? How do you celebrate them? Complete the table. Name of festivals Things you do Food you eat 3 Match the following: decorating a christmas tree Dashain Christmas go to stupa Eid flying kites Lhosar eating sewain 4 Which festival do you enjoy the most? Why? .............................................................................................. .............................................................................................. 26 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON SOCIAL WORK 4 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n name the social workers in their community. n identify the people who serve their community voluntarily for noble causes. One day Silu, Jagadish and Rama went to visit a library. They were very fond of reading books. Nearby the entry door they saw a signboard: ;fd'bflos k':tsfno k'DbL eD' bL :yfkgfM @)^#÷!@÷!@ & ;+:yfks 3gZofd cfrfo{ They got curious and asked the librarian about it. She told them that a man named Ghanshyam Acharya had contributed a lot to this library. He was a very kind and generous person. He donated the land to construct the library. He loved to read books. He had a huge collection of books. He also donated all of his books to this library for other people to read. Many people come here to read and borrow the books. It helped many students in their studies. There are many other people who have done similar things for the community. Janak dai renovated the temple. Shanta bhauju made a well. Baburam Kaka built a school. We should be thankful to these people too. Note to the Teacher: Ask the students about the generous and helpful people in their neighbourhood who help others in need. Encourage them to be like those people. Social Studies - Grade 2 27

EvalEuvaatliuoantioEnxEexrcericsiesses 1 Study the signboard and answer the questions. a. What is the name of the library? ;fd'bflos k':tsfno b. When was the library established? k'DbL eD' bL :yfkgfM @)^#÷!@÷!@ c. Who established the library? & d. Where is the library? e. What can you do here? ;:+ yfks 3gZofd cfrfo{ f. How can the library benefit the community? 2 Read the text and fill in the blanks. a. Janak dai renovated the.................................................. . b. Baburam kaka built a........................................................ c. Shanta bhauju made a...................................................... well, school, temple 3 How can you help your community? a. ......................................................................................... b. ......................................................................................... c. ......................................................................................... 4 List the good works done by your grandparents/parents for your community. Good Works Grandfather/Father Grandmother/Mother 28 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON HELPFUL NEIGHBOURHOOD 5 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n realize that one must help each other in time of need. n list some ways they can be more helpful. In the middle of the night somebody screamed from Sonu’s house. The whole neighbourhood got up. Bir Bahadur kaka, Harka dai and Maili bhauju went running to Sonu’s house. A thief had broken into her house and had stolen some valuables. Maili bhauju went to call the police. Harka dai and Bir Bahadur kaka started to run after the thief. The neighbourhood was alert, and everybody started looking for the thief. After some time they returned with the thief. They handed him over to the police and returned the valuables to Sonu. This is how Maili bhauju, Bir Bahadur Kaka, Harka dai and the whole village came together to help Sonu. The policeman thanked everyone for their united effort. Note to the Teacher: Give some simple incidents where people require help. Encourage and prepare them to help the people in need eg:- dial 100 for police if required. Discuss ways they can be helpful in their communities. Social Studies - Grade 2 29

Evaluation Exercises 1 Write True or False. a. We should take our neighbour to the hospital when they become sick. b. We should always greet our neighbour. c. We should not help our friends when they are in trouble. d. We should not respect our elders. e. Neighbours should work together to clean the village. 2 How have you and your family been helped by your neighbours? Neighbour’s name Things done by him/her 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What happened at Sonu’s home? ......................................................................................... b. Who had run after the thief? ......................................................................................... c. Why did the policeman thank the villagers? ......................................................................................... d. Who caught the thief? ......................................................................................... 30 Social Studies - Grade 2

Project Work Collect and paste the pictures of different festivals. Now write how each of these festivals are celebrated? a. ............................................................................................... b. ............................................................................................... c. ............................................................................................... d. ............................................................................................... e. ............................................................................................... f. ............................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 31

KEY WORDS Alert : watchful Cultures : customs and social behaviour Curious : eager to know or learn something Donated : gave something for free Effort : attempt Ethnic : relating to a group of people Generous : kind and helpful Librarian : a person who works in a library Renovated : repaired Traditions : customs and beliefs United : combined Valuables : expensive things Well-mannered : polite, showing good behaviour Let’s Revise 1 Complete the sentences with the words from the box. a. We should...................................our neighbours. b. People...................................different clothes. c. A...................................has a collection of books. d. People who live close to us are our.................................. wear neighbours respect library 32 Social Studies - Grade 2

2 Write True or False. a. All the people celebrate the same festival. b. Christians celebrate Christmas. c. We should call the police when someone steals things. d. We should live together peacefully. e. We should not enjoy one another’s festivals. 3 Circle odd ones out. a. Christmas Dashain Eid kites b. Uncle aunt thief son c. Newar Rai Limbu Lhosar d. School health post temple Dashain 4 Name the following food items. 5 How do you show respect towards your neighbour? a. ......................................................................................... b. ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 33

WORD HUNT Circle the names of seven festivals in the given box. C BAQE PO I HDFGH J K L R CHHA THQ I MN B V I OW S C X ZWH L E TDASHA I N ML K J UR C R A L HOS AR T SAD I DGHV LOSHAR ID CHRISTMAS HOLI CHHATH DASHAIN TIHAR 34 Social Studies - Grade 2

3Unit SOCIAL PROBLEMS AND SOLUTIONS Proud To Be Your Friend Help The Needy People Glad To Help Social Studies - Grade 2 35

LESSON PROUD TO BE YOUR FRIEND 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n list different types of physical challenges. n list some ways to help those who are physically challenged. I am Arpita Gurung. Nisha is my classmate. She is visually impaired. She walks with the help of a white cane. I always share my tiffin with her. I also help her with her studies. She has a very good voice. She teaches me to sing songs. I enjoy singing with her. I love and respect her. Nishant cannot walk properly. He is differently abled. He walks with the help of crutches. Puja and Rohan are his best friends. They always wait for him to go to school. They play indoor games like carrom board and ludo. Nishant is very good at studies. He helps them to do their homework. My name is Rajani. I study in class two. Shikha also studies in my class. She has only one hand. She lost her other hand in an accident. I help her to sharpen pencils. I also help her to take out her books and copies from her bag. Shikha is a very nice girl. I am proud to be her friend. Do you help your friends in need? Note to the Teacher: Treat the differently abled students as equals. Be friends with everyone. Tell them the story of a person like Jhamak Kumari Ghimire. Encourage the differently abled to do the best they can. 36 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Name the things given in the pictures. a. b. c. white cane, wheelchair, crutches 2 How can you help your friend if: a. He does not hear properly. ......................................................................................... b. She cannot speak properly. ......................................................................................... c. She cannot see. ......................................................................................... 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. How does Arpita help Nisha? ......................................................................................... b. How do Puja and Rohan help Nishant? ......................................................................................... c. Do you help your friends in need? How? ......................................................................................... d. How did Shikha lose her hand? ......................................................................................... e. How does Rajani help Shikha? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 37

LESSON HELP THE NEEDY PEOPLE 2 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify physically challenged people in their locality. n respect, help and co-operate with them. Amar had gone to the market with his father. As they were walking he saw two boys talking in sign language. He asked his father: Amar : Dad, what are they doing? Father : They are hearing and speech impaired. They are talking in sign language. After a while he saw a girl walking with a stick in her hand. Amar : Dad, why is she walking with a stick in her hand? Father : Oh! She is Priya. She is visually impaired. She had an accident when she was a little girl. You should always be ready to help such people. Amar : Shall I go and help her cross the road? Father : Sure my son, go ahead. Just then an old man walking with the help of crutches passed by. Amar : Father, why is that old man using crutches? Father : He suffered from polio so he cannot walk properly. That is the reason he uses the crutches. Now son, today we saw lots of people who are impaired and differently abled. They are able in a different way. We should always help and show them respect. Note to the Teacher: Show the pictures of different types of disabilities. Discuss with the students the different ways they can help these people. Teacher should encourage the students to have positive attitude towards the differently abled. 38 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises 1 Who uses the following things? a. Crutches : ......................................................................... b. White cane : ..................................................................... c. Wheelchair : .................................................................... d. Hearing aid : ..................................................................... 2 Match the following: who cannot speak Visually impaired Speech impaired who cannot see Hearing impaired who don’t have parents who cannot hear 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Why were the two boys talking in sign language? ......................................................................................... b. How did Priya become visually impaired? ......................................................................................... c. Why was the old man using crutches? ......................................................................................... d. How should we treat the poor and differently abled? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 39

LESSON GLAD TO HELP 3 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n identify the needy people in their neighbourhood. n develop the habit of respecting and helping such people. I am Ritu Pradhan. Today our class teacher took us for an outing. Firstly, we went to an old age home (Dharmashala). We saw many old aged people living there. My mother had given me some clothes and food for them. We distributed them among the people. We also sang songs and danced for them. They were very happy to see us. Then we went to an orphanage. Our teacher told us that those children who do not have parents are called orphans and they live in an orphanage. We saw many children who are just like us. We donated books, pencils and copies to them. They were very happy. We also enjoyed playing with them. After we returned to school we saw our school guard lying on the ground. He had fainted. We immediately informed our teachers, and they rushed him to the nearby hospital. Today we met many people who needed help. We felt glad to help and spend some time with them. We should always remember that there are many other people in our community who need help. Isn’t it our duty to help such people? Note to the Teacher: Encourage the students to help the needy, orphan, sick and aged people. Explaining the concept through stories can be a very effective method. 40 Social Studies - Grade 2

Evaluation Exercises Think and Write. 1 How can you help the following people? People Help Who cannot see Help to cross the road Who do not have hands Who are 85 years old Who are orphans Who are very sick 2 Fill in the blanks using the words given. a. Those children who do not have parents are called ........................... b. It is our..........................to help the needy people. c. ................is a place where old aged people live together. d. The school guard was taken to the nearby........................ e. The children felt......................helping the needy people. Old age home hospital duty glad orphans 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. What is the name of the place where orphan children live? ......................................................................................... b. Why were the old age people very happy with Ritu and her friends? ......................................................................................... c. How did Ritu and her friends help the school guard? ......................................................................................... Social Studies - Grade 2 41

Project Work Draw a differently abled person. Now write what they can do and not do on their own. a. ............................................................................................... b. ............................................................................................... c. ............................................................................................... d. ............................................................................................... e. ............................................................................................... f. ............................................................................................... 42 Social Studies - Grade 2

KEY WORDS Cross : go to the other side of the road Fainted : lost consciousness Immediately : at once Orphanage : a home for the care of orphans Outing : a day out Polio : a disease that causes inability to move Rushed : ran quickly Sign language : a language that uses hand, body and other body movement for communication Visually impaired : who cannot see Let’s Revise 1 Complete the sentences with the words from the box. a. ...................................can make people differently abled. b. ...................................language is used by a hearing and speech impaired person. c. Children who do not have...................................are called orphans. d. A wheel chair is used by a...................................person. differently abled parents accidents sign Social Studies - Grade 2 43

2 Write the correct sentence number below each picture. a. She is sharing tiffin with her friend. b. They are walking together to school. c. She is arranging the books. d. She is helping the old man cross the road. e. They are giving food and clothes to the old. a 3 How can you help these people? 44 Social Studies - Grade 2

FUN WRITING Look at the Braille System of writing and write your names. 14 145 15 124 1245 125 24 245 a b c d e f g h i j1 12 k l m n o p q r s t13 123 134 1345 135 1234 12345 1235 234 2345 136 1236 2456 1346 13456 1356 u v wx y z samir Write your name using the braille alphabet. Social Studies - Grade 2 45

4Unit CIVIC AWARENESS Helpful Habits Public Property Care Of Public Properties My Turn Please 46 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON HELPFUL HABITS 1 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n develop the habit of helping each other. n state the advantages of working together in their neighbourhood. Alok Jha lives in a village. The people of his village are very helpful. They celebrate their festivals together. They all work together to keep the village clean and tidy. If somebody gets sick, they all gather around to help. They take the sick person to the nearby health post. Alok is also a helpful boy. He helps his parents at home. He shares his books, pencils and toys with his friends. His friends also help him in need. He enjoys playing with his friends. He always asks for permission before using others’ belongings. He also returns the things on time. Alok is very helpful so everybody loves him. Do you have such helpful habits? Note to the Teacher: Show pictures of people helping each other in the community. Discuss with the students how people help each other in their neighbourhood. Ask them what things they share with their friends and how they help each other. Social Studies - Grade 2 47

Evaluation Exercises 1 Write ‘True’ or ‘False’ for the following statements. a. We should return others’ belongings after use. b. We should not help each other. c. Helping a neighbour is a bad habit. d. All of us should work together to keep the village clean. 2 Fill in the blanks. a. Alok’s village is a very.............................village. b. He helps his parents at.............................. c. Villagers take the sick people to the.............................. d. Alok’s friend help him in.............................. 3 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. How do the people clean up the village? b. Where do the villagers take the sick people? c. What does Alok share with his friends? d. Why does everybody like Alok? 4 What do you see in the given picture? Write in the given space. .............................................................................................. 48 Social Studies - Grade 2

LESSON PUBLIC PROPERTY 2 Objectives : After the completion of this lesson, students will be able to: n make a list of public properties around their village or locality. n list some ways to protect these properties. This is Anupama’s village. There are many things around her house. We can see her school and the playground to the north of her house. Children play football and volleyball there. There is a health post in front of her house. People go there when they get sick. There is a post office and a chautara to the west of her house. The villagers send and receive letters from the post office. There is a public tap near her house. Every morning people collect water from the tap. There is a police station behind her house. There is a pond, an inn and a temple around Anupama’s house. These are all public properties. Everybody can use them equally. We should use and take care of them. They belong to the public. Do you have such public properties in your surroundings? Note to the Teacher: Take the students for an outing and ask them to make a list of the public properties they see. Discuss the importance of such public properties to the community. Social Studies - Grade 2 49

Evaluation Exercises 1 Match the following: to borrow books to send letters School to study Chautara to rest Health-post to treat the sick people Post office Library 2 Fill in the blanks with the words given in the footsteps. a. There is a....................to the north of Anupama’s house. b. People take a.........................................at Chautara. c. There is a.......................................near the Chautara. d. The villagers send.......................through the post office. e. We should................................our public properties. rest protect public tap letters school 3 Name the public properties around your house. a. ............................ b. ......................... c. ............................. 4 Read the lesson and answer the questions. a. Why do we need a post office? ......................................................................................... b. Why do people go to the health post? ......................................................................................... c. Why should we protect public properties? ......................................................................................... 50 Social Studies - Grade 2