BIOMECÂNICA DOS AGACHAMENTOS

Biomecânica dos agachamentos HUNG, You Jou; GROSS, Michael T. Effect of foot position on elec- tromyographic activity of the vastus medialis oblique and vastus lateralis during lower-extremity weight-bearing activities. J Or- thop Sports Phys Ther. v. 29, n. 2, p. 93-102, 1999. DOI: 10.2519/ jospt.1999.29.2.93. HUXEL BLIVEN, Kellie C.; ANDERSON, Barton E. Core stability trai- ning for injury prevention. Sports Health. v. 5, n. 6, p. 514-22, 2013. DOI: 10.1177/1941738113481200. IZZO, Roberto et al. Biomechanics of the spine. Part I: Spi- nal stability. Eur J Radiol. v. 82, n. 1, p. 118-26. DOI: 10.1016/j. ejrad.2012.07.024. JACOBS, Cale A. et al. Hip abductor function and lower extremity landing kinematics: sex differences. J Athl Train. v. 42, n. 1, p. 7683, 2007. PMCID: PMC1896084. JANDA, V. Motor learning impairment and back pain. Zurich, Swit- zerland: FIMM Proceedings, 1983. JANDA, V. Pain in the locomotor system: a broad approach. In Glasgow et al. (eds.) Aspects of Manipulative Therapy. Churchill Livingstone, 1985: 148-151. KENDALL, F. P. et al. Músculos: provas e funções com postura e dor. 5. ed. São Paulo: Editora Manole, 2007. KEY, J. et al. A model of movement dysfunction provides a classifi- cation system guiding diagnosis and therapeutic care in spinal pain and related musculoskeletal syndromes: A paradigm shift—Part 2. J Bodyw Mov Ther. v. 12, n. 2, p. 105–120, 2008. DOI: 10.1016/j. jbmt.2007.04.006. KEY, Josephine. ‘The core’: Understanding it, and retraining its dysfunction. J Bodyw Mov Ther. v. 17, n. 4, p. 541-59, 2013. DOI: 10.1016/j.jbmt.2013.03.012. KHUU, Anne; FOCH, Eric; LEWIS, Cara L. Not all single leg squats 97

Diogo Martins Ribeiro e Caleb Siloé Ben Silva are equal: a biomechanical comparison of three variations. Int J Sports Phys Ther. v. 11, n. 2, p. 201-11. PMCID: PMC4827363. KIBLER, W Ben; BEVEN, Livingston. Closed-chain rehabilitation for upper and lower extremities. J Am Acad Orthop Surg. v. 9, n. 6, p. 412-21, 2001. DOI: 10.5435/00124635-200111000-00006. KIBLER, WBen; PRESS, Joel; SCIASCIA Aaron. The role of core sta- bility in athletic function. Sports Med. v. 36, 189–198, 2006. DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200636030-00001. KINGMA, Idsart et al. Effect of a stiff lifting belt on spine compres- sion during lifting. Spine (PhilaPa 1976). v. 31, n. 22, E833-9. DOI: 10.1097/01. brs.0000240670.50834.77. KRZYSZKOWSKI, John; KIPP, Kristof. Load-dependent mechani- cal demands of the lower extremity during the back and front squat. J Sports Med. v. 38, n. 17, p. 2005-2012, 2020. DOI: 10.108 0/02640414.2020.1766738. LIANZA, S. Medicina de Reabilitação. 4. ed. Rio de Janeiro: Guana- bara-Koogan, 2007. LIST, Renate et al. Kinematics of the trunk and the lower extremities during restricted and unrestricted squats. J Strength Cond Res. v. 27, n. 6, p. 1529-38, 2013. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3182736034. MACKEY, Ethan R.; RIEMANN, Bryan L. Biomechanical differences between the bulgarian split-squat and back squat. Int J Exerc Sci. v. 14, n. 1, p. 533-543, 2021. MACWILLIAMS, B. A. et al. Hamstrings cocontraction reduces in- ternal rotation, anterior translation, and anterior cruciate liga- ment load in weight-bearing flexion. J Orthop Res. v. 17, n. 6, p. 817-822, 1999. DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100170605. MAGEE, David J. Avaliação musculoesquelética. 5. ed. São Paulo: Manole, 2010. MARKOLF, K. L. et al. Combined knee loading states that generate 98

Biomecânica dos agachamentos high anterior cruciate ligament forces. J Orthop Res. v. 13, n. 6, p. 930-5, 1995. DOI: 10.1002/jor.1100130618. MATSUMOTO, H. Mechanism of the pivot shift. J Bone Joint Surg Br. v. 72, n. 5, p. 816–21, 1990. DOI: 10.1302/0301-620X.72B5.2211763. MILTON, John et al. The mind of expert motor performance is cool and focused. Neuroimage. v. 35, n. 2, p. 804-13, 2007. DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2007.01.003. MCCAW, Steven; MELROSE, Don. Stance width and bar load effects on iemg values during phases of the parallel squat. Med Sci Sports Exerc. v. 31, n. 3, p. 428-436, 1999. DOI: 10.1097/00005768- 199903000-00012. MCCURDY, Kevin et al. Comparison of lower extremity EMG be- tween the 2-leg squat and modified single-leg squat in female athletes. J Sports Rehabil. v. 19, n. 1, p. 57-70, 2010. DOI: 10.1123/ jsr.19.1.57. MCGILL, S. M.; NORMAN, R. W. Partitioning of the Lj-s dynamic moment into disc, ligamentous and muscular components during lifting. Spine. v. 11, n. 7, p. 666-78, 1986. DOI: 10.1097/00007632- 198609000-00004. MCGILL, S. M.; NORMAN, R. W.; SHARRATT, M. T. The effect of an abdominal belt on trunk muscle activity and intra-abdominal pres- sure during squat lifts. Ergonomics. v. 33, n. 2, p. 147-60, 1990. DOI: 10.1080/00140139008927106. MOORE, Michele K. Upper Crossed Syndrome and its relationship to cervicogenic headache. J Manipulative and Physiol Ther. v. 27, n. 6, p. 414-420, 2004. DOI: 10.1016/j.jmpt.2004.05.007. MOURA, João Augusto Reis de; SILVA, André Luiz da. Postura cor- poral humana: avaliação qualitativa visual por simetrografia e a prescrição de exercícios físicos. Várzea Paulista: Editora Fontoura, 2012. 99

Diogo Martins Ribeiro e Caleb Siloé Ben Silva MULLALLY, Elaine M. et al. Situations and mechanisms of non-con- tact knee injury in adult netball: A systematic review. Phys Ther Sport. v. 47, p. 193-200, 2021. DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.12.004. MYER, Gregory D. et al. Trunk and hip control neuromuscular trai- ning for the prevention of knee joint injury. Clin Sports Med. v. 27, n. 3, p. 425-448, 2008. DOI: 10.1016/j.csm.2008.02.006. MYERS, Thomas W. Trilhos anatômicos: meridianos miofasciais para terapeutas manuais e do movimento. 3. ed. Barueri-SP: Ma- nole, 2016. NELSON, Nicole. Diaphragmatic breathing: the foundation of core stability. Strength and Conditioning Journal. v. 34, n. 5, p. 34-40, 2012. DOI: 10.1519/SSC.0b013e31826ddc07. NEUMANN, D. A. Kinesiology of the musculo-skeletal system: fou- ndations for physical rehabilitation. Missouri: Mosby, 2002. NGUYEN, Anh-Dung et al. A preliminary multifactorial approach describing the relationships among lower extremity alignment, hip muscle activation, and lower extremity joint excursion. J Athl Train. v. 46, n. 3, p. 246-56, 2011. DOI: 10.4085/1062-6050-46.3.246. NIMPHIUS S. et al. Comparison of quadriceps and hamstring mus- cle activity during an isometric squat between strength-matched men and women. J Sports Sci Med. v. 18, n. 1, p. 101-108, 2019. PMCID: PMC6370970. NINOS, Joel C. et al. Electromyographic Analysis of the squat per- formed in self-selected lower extremity neutral rotation and 30° of lower extremity turn-out from the self-selected neutral posi- tion.J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. v. 25, n. 5, p. 307-315, 1997. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.1997.25.5.307. PALEY, Dror. Normal Lower Limb Alignment and Joint Orientation. In: Principles of Deformity Correction. Chapter 1. Berlin, Heidel- berg: Springer, 2002. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-59373-4_1. 100

Biomecânica dos agachamentos PANJABI, M. M. The stabilizing system of the spine. Part I. Function, dysfunction, adaptation, and enhancement. J Spinal Cord. v. 5, n. 4, p. 383-9, 1992. DOI: 10.1097/00002517-199212000-00001. PAOLI, Antonio; MARCOLIN, Giuseppe; PETRONE, Nicola. The effect of stance width on the electromyographical activity of eight su- perficial thigh muscles during back squat with different bar loads. J Strength Cond Res. v. 23, n. 1, p. 246-50, 2009. DOI: 10.1519/ jsc.0b013e3181876811. PAPPAS, Evangelos et al. Biomechanical differences between uni- lateral and bilateral landings from a jump: gender differences. Clin J Sport Med. v. 17, n. 4, p. 263-268, 2007. DOI: 10.1097/ JSM.0b013e31811f415b. PAPPAS, Evangelos et al. The effect of gender and fatigue on the biomechanics of bilateral landings from a jump: peak values. J Sports Sci Med. v. 6, n. 1, p. 77-84, 2007. PMCID: PMC3778703. POLLARD, C. D.; SIGWARD, S. M. ; POWERS, C. M. Gender differen- ces in hip joint kinematics and kinetics during side-step cutting ma- neuver. Clin J Sport Med. v. 17, n. 1, p. 38-42, 2007. DOI: 10.1097/ JSM.0b013e3180305de8. POLLARD, Christine D.; SIGWARD, Susan M.; POWERS, Christopher M. Limited hip and knee flexion during landing is associated with increased frontal plane knee motion and moments. Clin Biomech (Bristol, Avon). v. 25, n. 2, p. 142-6, 2010. DOI: 10.1016/j.clinbio- mech.2009.10.005. POWERS, Christopher M. The influence of abnormal hip mechanics on knee injury: a biomechanical perspective. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. v. 40, n. 2, p. 42-51, 2010. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2010.3337. POWERS, Christopher M. The influence of altered lower-extremity kinematics on patellofemoral joint dysfunction: a theoretical pers- pective. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. v. 33, n. 11, p. 639-646, 2003. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2003.33.11.639. 101

Diogo Martins Ribeiro e Caleb Siloé Ben Silva PRINS, Maarten R.; VAN DER WURFF, Peter. Females with patellofe- moral pain syndrome have weak hip muscles: a systematic review. Aust J Physiother. v. 55, n. 1, p 9-15, 2009. DOI: 10.1016/s0004- 9514(09)70055-8. RUSSEL, Kyla A. et al. Sex differences in valgus knee angle during a single-leg drop jump. J Athl Train. v. 41, n. 2, p. 166-171, 2006. PMCID: PMC1472649. SAHRMANN, S. A. Posture and muscle imbalance. Faulty lumbar- -pelvic alignment and associated musculoskeletal pain syndromes. Orthopaedic Division Review. Nov/Dec. 13-20, 1992. SAHRMANN, S. A. Diagnosis and treatment of movement impair- ment syndromes. London. Course notes, 2000a. SAHRMANN, S. A. Diagnosis and treatment of movement impair- ment syndromes. Mosby, USA (In Press), 2000b. SCHWANBECK, Shane; CHILIBECK, Philip D.; BINSTED, Gordon. A comparison of free weight squat to Smith machine squat using electromyography. J Strength Cond Res. v. 23, n. 9, p. 2588-91, 2009. DOI: 10.1519/JSC.0b013e3181b1b181. SIGNORILE, Joseph F. et al. Effect of foot position on the electromyo- graphical activity of the superficial quadriceps muscles during the parallel squat and knee extension. J Strength Condit Res. v. 9, n. 3, p. 182–187, 1995. SHMUELOF, Lior; KRAKAUER, John W.; MAZZONI, Pietro. How is a motor skill learned? Change and invariance at the levels of task success and trajectory control. J Neurophysiol. v. 108, n. 2, p. 578- 94, 2012. DOI: 10.1152/jn.00856.2011. STICKLER, Laurie; FINLEY, Margaret; GULGIN, Heather. Relationship between hip and core strength and frontal plane alignment during a single leg squat. Phys Ther Sport. v. 16, n. 1, p. 66-71, 2015. DOI: 10.1016/j.ptsp.2014.05.002. 102

Biomecânica dos agachamentos THEISEN, Aaron; DAY, James. Chronic ankle instability leads to lower extremity kinematic changes during landing tasks: a syste- matic review. Int J Exer Sci. v. 12, n. 1, p. 24-33, 2019. TYLER, Timothy F. et al. The role of hip muscle function in the treat- ment of patellofemoral pain syndrome. Am J Sports Med. v. 34, n. 4, p. 630-636, 2006. DOI:10.1177/0363546505281808. VALACHI, Bethany; VALACHI, Keith. Mechanisms leading to muscu- loskeletal disorders in dentistry. J Am Dent Assoc. v. 134, n. 10, p. 1344-50, 2003a. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0048. VALACHI, Bethany; VALACHI, Keith. Preventing musculoskeletal di- sorders in clinical dentistry: strategies to address the mechanisms leading to musculoskeletal disorders. J Am Dent Assoc. v. 134, n. 12, p. 1604-12, 2003b. DOI: 10.14219/jada.archive.2003.0106. VAN DER HEIJDEN, Rianne A. et al. Exercise for treating patellofemo- ral pain syndrome. Cochrane Database Syst Rev., v. 1:CD010387, 2015. DOI: 10.1002/14651858.CD010387.pub2. WALLDEN, Matt. The middle crossed syndrome – New insights into core function. J Bodyw Mov Ther. v. 18, n. 4, p. 616–620. DOI: 10.1016/j. jbmt.2014.09.002. WILLSON, John D. et al. Core stability and its relationship to lower extremity function and injury. J Am Acad Orth Surg. v. 13, n. 5, p. 316-25, 2005. DOI: 10.5435/00124635-200509000-00005. WILLSON, John D.; IRELAND, Mary Lloyd; DAVIS, Irene. Core stren- gth and lower extremity alignment during single leg squats. Med Sci Sports Exerc. v. 38, n. 5, p. 945-52, 2006. DOI: 10.1249/01. mss.0000218140.05074.fa. WILLY, Richard W.; DAVIS, Irene S. The effect of a hip-strengthening program on mechanics during running and during a single-leg squat. J Orth Sports Phys Ther. v. 41, n. 9, p. 625-632, 2011. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2011.3470. 103

Diogo Martins Ribeiro e Caleb Siloé Ben Silva WRETENBERG, P. et al. Joint moments of force and quadriceps muscle activity during squatting exercise. Scand J Med Sci Sports. v. 3, p. 244-250, 1993. DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0838.1993. tb00389.x. YARROW, Kielan; BROWN, Peter; KRAKAUER, John W. Inside the brain of an elite athlete: the neural processes that support high achievement in sports. Nat Rev Neurosci. v. 10, p. 585-596, 2009. DOI: 10.1038/nrn2672. YAVUZ, Hasan Ulas et al. Kinematic and EMG activities during front and back squat variations in maximum loads. J Sports Sci. v. 33, n. 10, p. 1058-1066, 2015. DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2014.984240. YU, Bing et al. Age and gender effects on lower extremity kinema- tics of youth soccer players in a stop-jump task. Am J Sports Med. v. 33, n. 9, p. 1356-64, 2005. DOI: 10.1177/0363546504273049. ZAWADKA, Magdalena et al. Sex-dependent differences in singleleg squat kinematics and their relationship to squat depth in physically active individuals. Sci Rep. v. 10, n. 1, 19601, 2020. DOI: 10.1038/ s41598-020-76674-2. ZAZULAK, Bohdanna T. et al. Deficits in neuromuscular control of the trunk predict knee injury risk: prospective biomechanical-epi- demiologic study. Am J Sports Med. v. 35, n. 7, p. 1123-1130, 2007. DOI: 10.1177/0363546507301585. ZAZULAK, Bohdanna T. et al. Gender comparison of hip muscle ac- tivity during single-leg landing. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. v. 35, n. 5, p. 292-9, 2005. DOI: 10.2519/jospt.2005.35.5.292. ZELLER, Brian L et al. Differences in kinematics and electromyo- graphic activity between men and women during the singlele- gged squat. Am J Sports Med. v. 31, n. 3, p. 449-56, 2003. 10.1177/03635465030310032101. 104

Biomecânica dos agachamentos 105







DIOGO MARTINS RIBEIRO Foto: Arquivo pessoal Diogo Martins Ribeiro é graduado em Educação Física pelo Centro Universitário Faculdade de Educação e Meio Ambiente – UNIFAEMA, RO. Autor e co-autor de obras científicas e literárias, a mencionar: Biomecânica básica dos exercícios: membros inferiores, 2018; Atenção farmacêutica no âmbito das intoxicações e nas ações de farmacovigilância, 2021; Antologia Conto Brasil, 2018; Antologia Conto Brasil, 2019; Coletânea Conta Conto, 2019; Antologia Poesia Agora, Verão 2019; IX Coletânea Século XXI; Que há de melhor senão a liberdade, 2019; Provocações, 2020; Histórias Humanas, 2020. ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001- 8345-753X.



CALEB SILOÉ BEN SILVA Foto: Arquivo pessoal Caleb Siloé Ben Silva, Graduado em Educação Física pelo Centro Universitário Faculdade de Educação e Meio Ambiente – UNIFAEMA, RO. Especialista em Docência do ensino superior pelo Centro Universitário do Maringá – UNICESUMAR, PR. Especialista em Musculação e condicionamento Físico pela Universidade Leonardo Da Vinci – UNIASSELVI, SC. ORCID: https://orcid. org/0000-0001-8145-9216.