Araling Panlipunan Grade 7

The MIM, after deeply considering the foregoing situations, and being imbued with zeal andpatriotism in the defense of its cause, aspirations, and legitimate demands, WISHES to makeknown to your EXCELLENCY and the Government the earnest desire of the MUSLIMS toorganize and establish their own independent government, free from but equal with all other statesunder the laws of civilized nations. The MIM appreciates it with open mind the challenge and statesmanship yourExcellency‟s government may undertake towards this noble cause; and the MUSLIM communitywould be in watchful waiting. Pagalungan, Cotabato, Philippines, July 26, 1968. DATU UDTOG MATALAM ChairmanPinagkunan: Glang, Alunan C., “Muslim Secession or Integration?” (Quezon City: R.P. Garcia Publishing Company, 1969), pp. 113-115Glosari Affront – paghamakInhabitant – naninirahan Deplores – di pagsang-ayonConcerted voice – nagkakaisang damdamin Predominantly – nangingibabawEndowed – pinagkalooban Affluent – mayamanInalianable rights –karapatang di maikakaila Aggrieved – sumama ang loobidiosyncrasies – kakaiba Apprehension – pangambaAggrupation – organisasyon o samahan Influx – pagpasokCandor – katapatan ng loob Excellency – kamahalanEmbodied – kaakibatManifesto – pahayag

Gawain 7. Layag sa Pagsasarili. Mula sa liham ni Datu Udtog Matalam, isulat sa loobng layag ang karapatan na isinusulong ng mga MIM at inilahad nilang katangian ngmga Muslim na iba sa Kristyanong Pilipino. Isulat naman sa mga arrows ang mganaging karanasan ng mga Muslim na nagpasidhi sa kanilang pagnanais na isulong angsariling pamahalaan.

Pamprosesong Tanong1. Ano ang iyong naramdaman habang binabasa ang liham ni Datu Udtog Matalam?2. Kung ikaw ay isang Muslim na nakaranas o nakasaksi ng mga pangyayaring isinaad sa liham, hihimukin mo din ba ang iyong mga kababayang Muslim na magsulong ng sariling pamahalaang hiwalay sa Republika ng Pilipinas?3. Makatwiran ba ang kadahilanang inilahad ni Datu Udtog Matalam ukol sa hiling na pagsasarili ng Mindanao, Sulu at Palawan sa dating Pangulong Ferdinand Marcos? Ipaliwanag ang kasagutan.4. Ano ang suhesyon na maaari mong ibigay upang maramdaman ng ating mga kapatid na Muslim na sila ay bahagi ng ating bansa at sila ay ating pinapahalagahan?Produkto / Pagganap Sumali sa isang pangkat at basahin ang kasunduang pumapaloob sa 1976 TripoliAgreement sa pagitan ng pamahalaan at Moro Islamic National Liberation Front na itatalaga ngguro sa pangkat. Matapos basahin, talakayin at suriin ang bawat kasunduan sa pamamagitan ngpagtatala at pagpapaliwanag ng kalakasan at kahinaan ng bawat kasunduan. Mahalagangbigyang-diin sa kalakasan ng kasunduan ang kabutihang panlipunan, pampulitikal, pangkulturalat pangkabuhayang maidudulot nito sa mga Muslim. Matapos ang pangkatang gawain ay ilahadsa klase ang resulta ng ginawang pagsusuri. 1976 Tripoli AgreementDuring these negotiations which were marked by a spirit of conciliation and understanding, it hasbeen agreed on the following:First: The establishment of Autonomy in the Southern Philippines within the realm of thesovereignty and territorial integrity of the Republic of the Philippines.Second: The areas of the autonomy for the Muslims in the Southern Philippines shall comprise thefollowing: 1. Basilan 6. North Cotabato 11. Davao del Sur 2. Sulu 7. Maguindanao 12. South Cotabato 3. Tawi-tawi 8. Sultan Kudarat 13. Palawan 4. Zamboanga del Sur 9. Lanao del Norte 5. Zamboanga del Norte 10. Lanao del Sur

Third:1. Foreign Policy shall be of the competence of the Central Government of the Philippines.2. The National Defense Affairs shall be the concern of the Central Authority provided that the arrangements for the joining of the forces of the Moro National Liberation Front with the Philippine Armed Forces be discussed later.3. In the areas of the autonomy, the Muslims shall have the right to set up their own Courts which implement the Islamic Shari‟ah laws. The Muslims shall be represented in all Courts including the Supreme Court. The representation of the Muslims in the Supreme Court shall be upon the recommendation from the authorities of the Autonomy and the Supreme Court. Decrees will be issued by the President of the Republic of their appointments taking into consideration all necessary qualifications of the candidates.4. Authorities of the autonomy in the South of the Philippines shall have the right to set up schools, colleges and universities, provided that matters pertaining to the relationship between these educational and scientific organs and the general education system in the state shall be subject of discussion later on.5. The Muslims shall have their own administrative system in compliance with the objectives of the autonomy and its institutions. The relationship between this administrative system and the Central administrative system to be discussed later.6. The authorities of the autonomy in the South of the Philippines shall have their own economic and financial system. The relationship between this system and the Central economic and financial system of the State shall be discussed later.7. The authorities of the autonomy in the South of the Philippines shall enjoy the right of representation and participation in the Central Government and in all other organs of the State. The number of representatives and ways of participation shall be fixed later.8. Special Regional Security Forces are to be set up in the area of the Autonomy for the Muslims in the South of the Philippines. The relationship between these forces and the Central security forces shall be fixed later.9. A Legislative Assembly and an Executive Council shall be formed in the areas of the Autonomy for the Muslims. The setting up of the Legislative Assembly shall be constituted through a direct election, and the formation of the Executive Council shall take place through appointments by the Legislative Assembly. A decree for their formation shall be enacted by the President of the Republic respectively. The number of members of each assembly shall be determined later on.10. Mines and mineral resources fall within the competence of the Central Government, and a reasonable percentage deriving from the revenues of the mines and minerals be fixed for the benefit of the areas of the autonomy.

11. A Mixed Committee shall be composed of representatives of the Central Government of the Republic of the Philippines and the representatives of the Moro National Liberation Front. The Mixed Committee shall meet in Tripoli during the period from the Fifth of February to a date not later than the Third of March 1977. The task of said Committee shall be charged to study in detail the points left for discussion in order to reach a solution thereof in conformity with the provisions of this agreement. 12. Cease-fire shall be declared immediately after the signature of this agreement, provided that its coming into effect should not exceed the 20th January 1977. A Joint Committee shall be composed of the two parties with the help of the Organization of the Islamic Conference represented by the Quadripartite Ministerial Commission to supervise the implementation of the cease-fire. The said Joint Committee shall also be charged with supervising the following: a. A complete amnesty in the areas of the autonomy and the renunciation of all legal claims and codes resulting from events which took place in the South of the Philippines. b. The release of all the political prisoners who had relations with the events in the South of the Philippines. c. The return of all refugees who have abandoned their areas in the South of the Philippines. d. To guarantee the freedom of movements and meetings. 13. A joint meeting be held in Jeddah during the first week of the month of March 1977 to initial what has been concluded by the Committee referred to in Para. 11. 14. The final agreement concerning the setting up of the autonomy referred to in the first and second paragraphs shall be signed in the City of Manila, Republic of the Philippines, between the Government of the Philippines and Moro National Liberation Front, and the Islamic Conference represented by the Quadripartite Ministerial Commission and the Secretary General of the Organization of Islamic Conference. 15. Immediately after the signature of the Agreement in Manila, a Provisional Government shall be established in the areas of the autonomy to be appointed by the President of the Philippines; and be charged with the task of preparing for the elections of the Legislative Assembly in the territories of the Autonomy; and administer the areas in accordance with the provisions of this agreement until a Government is formed by the elected Legislative Assembly. 16. The Government of the Philippines shall take all necessary constitutional processes for the implementation of the entire Agreement.Pinagkunan: 1976 Tripoli Agreement, November 17, 2012,http://www.seasite.niu.edu/Tagalog/Modules/Modules/MuslimMindanao/tripoli_agreement.htm

Isaisip ang mga pamatayan na nakalahad sa rubrics habang tinutukoy at pinapaliwanag angkahinaan at kalakasan ng bawat kasunduan ng 1976 Tripoli Agreement ng Republika ng Pilipinasat Moro National Liberation Front. Pamantayan Napakahusay Mahusay Nalilinang Nagsisimula 3 1 Nilalaman ng 4 2 Kalakasan at May malinaw na Magulo ang Kahinaan ng Ang lahat ng paglalahad ng Mag-aayos ang paglalahad o Kasunduan kalakasan at walang kahinaan at kahinaan ng pagkakalahad kaugnayan ang (30%) kasunduan, ang nilalaman hindi kalakasan ng mga detalye ay ng kalakasan at nakaaayos ang Mapanghikayat na may malinaw na pagkakasunod- paglalahad kasunduan ay ugnayan subalit kahinaan ng sunod ang mga kalakasan at ang mga impormasyon kahinaan ng may malinaw impormasyon ay mga kasunduan Kasunduan hindi maayos Lahat ng mga (30%) ang paglalahad, ang subalit ang kalakasan at pagkakasunod- kahinaangPaglalahadKalakasan ang mga sunod detalye sa naisulat ay at Kahinaan ng May isa o walang Kasunduan detalye ay may dalawa sa mga paglalahad ay katibayan (20%) ito ay walang Ang pangkat ay ugnayan sa katibayan walang ugnayan hindi handa sa paglalahad ng isa’t-isa at at hindi maayos kalakasan at kahinaan ng maayos ang ang kasunduan pagkakasunod- pagkakasunod- sunod ng sunod. impormasyon Lahat ng Tatllo o apat sa nailahad na mga kalakasan kalakasan at at kahinaang kahinaan ng inilahad ay kasunduan ay walang may katibayan katibayan May kahandaan Maayos ang Maayos ang ang naglalahad paglalahad paglalahad ng mga ngunit at ngunit at kalakasan at pinagplanuhang pinagplanuhang kahinaan ng mabuti ang mabuti ang kasunduan. paglalahad ng paglalahad ng Organisado ang kalakasan at kalakasan at paglalahad at kahinaan subalit kahinaan subalit medaling may isa o may tatlo o apat maunawaan dalawang na detalyeng ang mga detalyeng nakalimutan. salitang nakalimutan. ginamit.Pagkakaisa ng Bawat Nakikiisa ang Nakiiisa ang May dalawa o Ang pinunoMiyembro ng bawat buong pangkat tatlong lang ng pangkatPangkat miyembro ng ngunit may miyembro ang ang halos

(20%) pangkat, kaunting hindi nakikiisa bumuo ng kaguluhan sa gawain konsepto at maayos at habang kaisipan isinasagawa ang nakapagbibigay gawain ng kaalaman tungkol sa paksaGamitin ang format ng talahanayan sa pagsusuri ng kalakasan at kahinaan.Nakalahad na Kasunduan Kalakasan Kahinaansa 1976 Tripoli Agreement Transisyon sa Susunod na Modyul Ang karahasan, diskriminasyon, hindi angkop na uri ng edukasyon at kahirapan nadinanas ng mga pangkat-etniko sa Cordillera at Mindanao ay ilan sa mga hamon sa pamamahalang isang matatag na republika. Dahil sa mga karanasang ito, ang mga taga-Cordillera at Muslimay nagbuo ng mga samahang magsusulong ng kanilang karapatang pantao at awtonomiya. Angmga pangyayaring ito ay ilan lamang sa ginamit na dahilan ng dating Pangulong FerdinandMarcos upang ideklara ang Batas Militar noong 1972.

Upang magkaroon ng sapat na kaalaman ukol sa Batas Militar, ito ay tatalakayin sasusunod na modyul ang iba pang salik sa pagdedeklara nito, mga paglabag sa karapatangpantao sa panahong ito at mga pamamaraan sa pagtutol dito.



Ang Republika mula noong 1945Markahan: IkaapatModyul 4: Batas Militar: Banta sa DemokrasyaMga Paksa: 1. Deklarasyon ng Batas Militar 2. Kawalan ng Karapatang Pantao 3. Pagtutol sa Batas MilitarMga Kakayahan: 1. Naipaliliwanag ang ibat ibang pananaw ukol sa dahilan at layunin ng pagdeklara ng batas militar 2. Natataya ng kabisaan ng mga pananaw ukol sa dahilan at layunin ng paghayag ng batas militar 3. Nailalarawan ang pagbabago sa pamamalakad at patakaran ng gobyerno sa ilalim ng batas militar 4. Natutukoy ang epekto ng mga pagbabagong ito sa kalayaan ng bayan 5. Natataya sa paraan ng paggamit ng kapangyarihan ng gobyerno noong batas militar 6. Naipaliliwanag ang kalagayan ng karapatang pantao sa panahon ng batas militar sa pamamagitan ng pagsulat ng sanaysay 7. Naiuugnay ng karapatang pantao sa kalayaan at demokrasya 8. Naipaliliwanag ang pagtutol sa batas militar tungo sa malaya at demokratikong pamamalakad 9. Nakakukuha at nakahihinuha ng impormasyon mula sa ibat ibang primaryang sanggunian 10. Nakabubuo ng paglalahat tungkol sa tungkulin ng gobyerno at ng bawat isa na ipatupad ang karapatang pantao Oras: Anim (6) Panimula Sa pagwawakas ng Ikalawang Digmaang Pandaigdig, ay ganap na nakamit ng Pilipinas ang kalayaan nito noong Hulyo 4, 1946. Pinamunuan ng mga Pilipino ang pamahalaang matagal na nilang inaasam. Hinarap ng mga Pangulong sina Manuel A. Roxas, Elpidio R.Quirino, Ramon F. Magsaysay, Carlos P. Garcia, Diosadado P. Macapagal, at Ferdinand E. Marcos ang mga balakid sa pamamahala ng isang malayang republika. Ito ay higit mong naunawaan sa nakaraang modyul na iyong pinag-aralan.Sa modyul na ito na iyong pag-aaralan, tatalakayin ang pangyayari sa bansa. sa kasaysayan na itinuturing ng ilan na balakid din sa pagtatamasa ng malayang republika, ito ay ang panahon Batas Militar. Maraming naniniwala na hindi makatwiran at makatarungan ang pagpapairal ni Pangulong Marcos ng Batas Militar. Ito ay naging sanhi ng paglawig ng panahon ng pamamahala ng pangulo na itinuturing na pinakamatagal sa kasaysayan. Sa panahong umiiiral ang Batas Militar sa bansa tumaas ang bilang ng mga mamamayang naabuso ang karapatang pantao. Naging mapagmalabis din ang Hukbong Sandatahan ng Pilipinas sa paggamit ng kanilang kapangyarihan.Suriin mo ang flowchart sa ibaba upang maunawaan ang mga naganap tungo sa pagpapairal ng Batas Militar 1

Basahin ang batayang aklat Pilipinas, Isang Sulyap at Pagyakap mga pahina 239-243.Ang Pilipinas sa Panahon ng Batas MilitarFlow Chart ng mga KaganapanTungo sa Pagpapairal ng Batas Militar March 29, 1969. Jose Sison formally organizes the military arm of the Communist Party. November 7, 1969. Ferdinand Marcos re-elected President of the Republic of the Philippines August 21, 1971. Plaza Miranda bombed during the election campaign of the Liberal Party August 22, 1971. President Marcos suspends the Writ of Habeas Corpus 1972 .Suspicious bombing incidents increase all over the country. The MNLF launches its campaign for the independence of the Muslim provinces. September 21, 1972. President Marcos signs the Martial Law Edict (at that time not publicly announced). September 22, 1972. Marcos places the entire country under martial law September 23, 1972. Senator Benigno Aquino, Jr. is arrested September 26, 1972. The whole country is proclaimed a land reform area and an Agrarian Reform Program is decreed February 27, 1974. Presidential appointments to local elective positions declared legal by virtue of another referendum October 16, 1976. Martial Law allowed to extend by virtue of a Plebiscite January 4, 1976.New People's Army Spokesman Satur Ocampo arrested November 10, 1977. The CPP head Jose Maria Sison arrested January 20, 1977. The Armed Forces of the Philippines enters into a ceasefire agreement with the MNLF. December 16, 1977. A referendum is held, the result of which again empowers the President to continue in office, and to become Prime Minister as well.Naniniwala ang dating pangulo na ang batas militar ang pinaka mabisang pamamaraan upang mulingmaibalik ang kapayapaan at kaayusan ng bansa. Sa panahong umiiral ang batas militar, ipinagpatuloy ngpangulo ang mga programang naglalayong matugunan ang pangangailangan ng taong bayan nakinakatawan ng acronym na PLEDGES ( Peace and Order, Economic Reforms, Development of MoralValues, Government Reforms, Education Reforms, at Social Services). Sa kabila ng mga pagbabagongisinagawa sa panahon ng batas militar, nagpatuloy ang pagtutol ng mga rebeldeng grupo at kilalang mgalider na bumabatikos sa awtoritaryang pamumuno ni Pangulong Marcos. Sa kanilang pananaw ay hindinagkaroon ng kapayapaan sa bansa, ang katahimikang tinamasa nito ay resulta ng labis na pagkatakotsa mga militar na kaagapay ng pamahalaan sa pamumuno. Tanging ang mga “crony” o mga taong tapatat kaalyado ng pangulo ang labis na nasiyahan at nakinabang sa mga panahong umiiral ang batasmilitary sa bansa.Noong Enero 17,1981 ay nilagdaan ni Pangulong Marcos ang Proclamation No.2045 nanagpapawalang bisa sa batas militar na tumagal ng walong taon at walong buwan. Hindi ito labis naikinatuwa ng sambayanan sapagkat nanatili pa rin na makapangyarihan ang pamahalaan at military kungkaya’t pabala’t bunga lamang ang tingin nila dito.Batas Militar: Banta sa DemokrasyaDeklarasyon ng Batas Militar A. Kung ikaw ang pangulo ng bansa, ano ang iyong gagawin kung laganap ang kaguluhan sa iyong nasasakupan bunsod ng mga malawakang kilos protesta ng iba’t ibang sektor ng lipunan at mga rebeldeng grupo? Magbigay ka ng limang mungkahing solusyon ukol dito gayundin ang maaaring epekto nito. Ilahad mo ang iyong sagot sa pamamagitan ng chart. 2

B. Sumali sa grupo at ibahagi ang inyong mga nabuong kasagutan. Bumuo ng kaisahan mula sa inyong mga naging kasagutan. Ibahagi sa harap ng klase ang inyong mga napagkasunduang sagot. Suliranin Mungkahing Positibong Negatibong Solusyon Epekto Epekto1. Malawakang kilos protesta ng ibat ibang sektor ng lipunan2. Rebeldeng grupoBatas Militar: Banta sa DemokrasyaSanggunian 1 Upang higit mong maunawaan ang dahilan kung bakit ito ipinahayag ni Pang.Marcos,basahin mo ang ilang bahagi ng sipi sa ibaba ng aktuwal na nilalaman ng Proklamasyon 1081nabinasa ng Pangulo sa harap ng telebisyon.Pinagkunan: wikipilipinas.org Proklamasyon 1081 ….WHEREAS, the Supreme Court in its said decision concluded that the unlawful activities of the aforesaid lawless elements actually pose a clear, present and grave danger to public safety and the security of the nation and in support of that conclusion found that: \" x x x the Executive had information and reports-subsequently confirmed, in many respects, by the above-mentioned Report of the Senate Ad Hoc Committee of Seven to the effect that the Communist Party of the Philippines does not merely adhere to Lenin's idea of a swift armed uprising; that it has, also, adopted Ho Chi Minh's terrorist tactics and resorted to the assassination of uncooperative local officials ; that, in line with this policy, the insurgents have killed 5 mayors, 20 barrio captains and 3 chiefs of police; that there were fourteen (14) meaningful bombing incidents in the Greater Manila area in 1970; that the Constitutional Convention Hall was bombed on June 12, 1971; that, soon after the Plaza Miranda incident, the NAWASA main pipe at the Quezon City San Juan boundary, was bombed; that this was followed closely by the bombing of the Manila City Hall, 3

the COMELEC Building, the Congress Building and the MERALCO substation at Cubao, QuezonCity; and that the respective residences of Senator Jose J. Roy and Congressman EduardoCojuangco were, likewise, bombed, as were the MERALCO main office premises, along OrtigasAvenue, and the Doctor's Pharmaceuticals, Inc. Building, in Caloocan City.\" x x x the reorganized Communist Party of the Philippines has, moreover, adopted Mao's conceptof protracted people's war, aimed at the paralyzation of the will to resist of the government, of thepolitical, economic and intellectual leadership, and of the people themselves; that conformably tosuch concept, the Party has placed special emphasis upon a most extensive and intensive programof subversion by the I establishment of front organizations in urban centers, the organization ofarmed city partisans and the infiltration in student groups, labor unions, interests, that, as of August,1971, the KM had two hundred forty-five (245) operational chapters through out the Philippines, ofwhich seventy-three (73) were in the Greater Manila Area, sixty (60) in Northern Luzon, forty nine(49) in Central Luzon, forty-two (42) in the Visayas and twenty-one (21) in and farmer andprofessional groups; that the CPP has managed to infiltrate or establish and control nine (9) majorlabor organizations; that it has exploited the youth movement and succeeded in making Communistfronts of eleven (11) major student or youth organizations;. that there are, accordingly, about thirty( 30) mass organizations actively advancing the CPP interests, that, as of August, 1971, the KM hadtwo hundred forty-five (245) operational chapters through out the Philippines, of which seventy-three (73) were in the Greater Manila Area, sixty (60) in Northern Luzon, forty nine (49) in CentralLuzon, forty-two (42) in the Visayas and twenty-one (21) in Mindanao and Sulu; that in 1970, theParty had recorded two hundred fifty-eight (258) major demonstrations, of which about thirty-three(33) ended in violence, resulting in fifteen (15) killed and over five hundred (500) injured; thatmost of these actions were organized, coordinated or led by the aforementioned front organizations;that the violent demonstration were generally instigated by a small, but well-trained group of armedagitators; that the number of demonstrators heretofore staged in 1971 has already exceeded those of1970: and that twenty-four (24) of these demonstrations were violent and resulted in the death offifteen (15) persons and the injury of many more.\"Subsequent events xxx have also proven xxx the threat to public safety posed by the New People'sArmy. Indeed, it appears that, since August 21, 1971, it had in Northern Luzon six (6) encountersand staged one (1) raid, in consequences OJ which seven (7) soldiers lost their lives and two (2)other: were wounded, whereas the insurgents suffered five (5) casualties; that on August 26, 1971,a well-armed group of NPA trained by defector Lt. Victor Corpus, attacked the very command postof TF LAWIN in Isabela, destroying two (2) helicopters and one (1) plane, and wounding one (1)soldier that the, NPA had in Central Luzon a total of four (4) encounters, with two (2) killed andthree .(3) wounded on the side of the Government, one (1) BSDU killed and three (3 KM-SDKleaders, an unidentified dissident, and Commander Panchito, leader of the dissident group werekilled; that on August 26, 1971, there was an encounter in the barrio of San Pedro, Iriga City,Camarines Sur, between the PC and the NPA, in which a PC and two (2) KM members were killed,that the current disturbances in Cotabato and the Lanao provinces have been rendered morecomplex by the involvement of the CPP /NPA, for, in mid 1971, a KM group, headed by JovencioEsparagoza, contacted the Higa-onan tribes, in their settlement in Magsaysay, Misamis Oriental,and offered them books, pamphlets and brochures of Mao Tse Tung, as well as conducted teach-insin the reservation; that Esparagoza was reportedly killed on September 22, 1971, in an operation ofthe PC in said reservation; and that there are now two (2) NPA cadres in Mindanao.…WHEREAS, the violent disorder in Mindanao and Sulu has to date resulted in the killing of over1,000 civilians and about 2,000 armed Muslims and Christians, not to mention the more than fivehundred thousand of injured, displaced and homeless persons as well as the great number ofcasualties among our government troops, and the paralyzation of the economy of Mindanao andSulu. 4

…WHEREAS, I have already utilized the first two courses of action, first, by calling upon the armed forces to suppress the aforesaid lawless violence, committing to that specific job almost 50% of the entire armed forces of the country and creating several task forces for that purpose such as Task Force Saranay, Task Force Palanan, Task Force Isarog, T4ask Force Pagkakaisa and Task Force Lancaf, and, second, by suspending the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus on August 21, 1971 up to January 11, 1972, but inspite of all that, both courses of action were found inadequate and ineffective to contain, much less solve …NOW, THEREFORE, I, FERDINAND E. MARCOS, President of the Philippines, by virtue of the powers vested upon me by Article VII, Section 10, Paragraph (2) of the Constitution (=1935 Constitution), do hereby place the entire Philippines as defined in Article I, Section 1 of the Constitution under martial law and, in my capacity as their commander-in-chief, do hereby command the armed forces of the Philippines, to maintain law and order throughout the Philippines, prevent or suppress all forms of lawless violence as well as any act of insurrection or rebellion and to enforce obedience to all the laws and decrees, orders and regulations promulgated by me personally or upon my direction. In addition, I do hereby order that all persons presently detained, as well as all others who may hereafter be similarly detained for the crimes of insurrection or rebellion, and all other crimes and offenses committed in furtherance or on the occasion thereof, or incident thereto, or in connection therewith, for crimes against national security and the law of nations, crimes against public order, crimes involving usurpation of authority, rank, title and improper use of names, uniforms and insignia, crimes committed by public officers, and for such other crimes as will be enumerated in Orders that I shall subsequently promulgate, as well as crimes as a consequence of any violation of any decree, order or regulation promulgated by me personally or promulgated upon my direction shall be kept under detention until otherwise ordered released by me or by my duly designated representative. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, I have hereunto set my hand and caused the seal of the Republic of the Philippines to be affixed. Done in the City of Manila, this 21st day of September, in the year of Our Lord, nineteen hundred and seventy two.(Sgd.) FERDINAND E. MARCOS President Republic of the Philippines By the President: (Sgd.) ROBERTO V. REYES Acting Executive SecretaryPinagkunan: (http://www.filipiniana.net/publication/proclamation-no-1081/ 5

Glosari Lawless Elements- mga elementong laban sa batas Assassination- pataksil na pagpatay Greater Manila- sa kalakhang Maynila Protracted- pinahaba Demonstrators-mga taong nagsasagawa ng kilos protesta Subsequent- kasunod Insurgents- naghihimagsik Insurrection- himagsikan Promulgated- magproklama Furtherance- pagsulong Unsurpation of Authority- pangangamkam ng kapangyarihan Insignia- sagisag Gawain 1: Kuha Mo? Gamit ang 3-2-1 tsart. Gumawa ng pagbubuod sa iyong binasang sipi, punan ang tsart batay sa iyong mga naunawaan. Itala ang mga ito ayon sa mga hinihingi sa bawat bilang. 3 Mga Bagay na iyong Natuklasan 2 Mga Bagay na Pumukaw ng iyong pansin 1 M ga Katanungang Nanatili sa iyong isipan Humandang maibahagi ito sa klase ang iyong natapos na gawain. Pamprosesong Tanong1. Ano-ano ang dahilan bakit idineklara ni Pangulong Marcos ang batas militar?2. Legal ba ang ginawang pagpapairal ni Pangulong Marcos ng batas militar? Patunayan.3. Bakit mahalaga ang papel na ginampanan ng Armed Forces of the Philippines (AFP) sa panahong pinairal ang batas militar? Ipaliwanag ang sagot.4. Sumasang-ayon ka ba sa ginawang pasya ni Pangulong Marcos na pairalin ang batas militar matapos mong basahin ang sipi? Ipaliwanag. 6

Gawain 2: Alam Ko at Dama Ko. Sa tulong ng Thinking at the Right Angle Chart buuin ng inyonggrupo ito, pumili ng sampung mahalagang datos (Facts) na makikita mula sa siping binasa. Italadin ang kaugnay na saloobin ng inyong pangkat sa mga datos na inyong napili. Paksa: Batas Militar Mga Datos:Mga Saloobin: 1.________________________________1.________________________________ 2.________________________________2.________________________________ 3.________________________________3.________________________________ 4.________________________________4.________________________________ 5. ________________________________5. ________________________________ 6._________________________________6._________________________________ 7._________________________________7._________________________________ 8._________________________________8._________________________________ 9_________________________________9_________________________________ 10.________________________________10.________________________________ Pamprosesong Tanong1. Bakit iyon ang mga napili mong datos mula sa sipi?2. Bakit ganun ang iyong naging damdamin para sa nasabing datos?3. Ano ang kahalagahan sa iyo bilang mag-aaral at kabataan ng sipi ukol sa Proklamasyon 1081 ni Pang.Marcos? 7

Sanggunian 2 Halaw sa Diary ni Pangulong Marcos “In his own words: Marcos on martial law”Pinagkunan: abs-cbnnews.com/-depth//09/21/12/ Sept. 18, 1972 12:50 pm Monday The Concon and the sala of Judge Lustre of Quezon City trying the subversives were bombed by unidentified persons this afternoon at 3:40 pm. It caused exterior damage and injured about twenty people.Two of the subversives were almost able to escape.This is apparently the answer of the subversives to the raids on their headquarters in Manila, Quezon and Pasay last Sunday morning at 4:30 where about 48 were arrested including Calardo a former PMA cadet who is tagged as the Visayan NPA head.Ex Sec Piding Montelibano, after bringing the problems of the PNB and the sugar industry, pledged that he and his family (one governor and one congressman) were behind me and Imelda even if I proclaimed martial law.One thing about this man, he has a good nose for survival.We finalized the plans for the proclamation of martial law at 6:00 pm to 10:00 pm with the SND, the Chief of Staff, major service commanders, J-2, Gen. Paz, 1st PC Zone Commander, Gen. Diaz and Metrocom commander, Co. Montoya, with Gen. Ver in attendance.They all agreed the earlier we do it the better because the media is waging a propaganda campaign that distorts and twists the facts.So after the bombing of the Concon, we agreed on the 21st without any postponement.We finalized the target personalities, the assignments, and the procedures. 8

Sept. 19, 1972, Tuesday Sept. 22, 1972, Friday, 9:55 p.m.Released the report of Sec. Ponce Enrile of Sept. 8, Sec. Juan Ponce Enrile was ambushed near1972 where he reported that Sen. Aquino had met Wack-Wack at about 8:000 pm tonight. Itwith Jose Maria Sison of the Communist Party and was a good thing he was riding in his securityhad talked about a link-up of the Liberal Party and car as a protective measure.the Communist Party.So since I invited Sen. Pres. This makes the martial law proclamation aPuyat, Speaker Villareal I explained to the media necessity.which was covering us that when I invited theleaders of the Liberal Party I had wanted a private Sept. 23, 1972, Saturday, 12:20 pmconference where we could, as Filipinos and for thewelfare of our people, agree that neither party Things moved according to plan although out(Nacionalista or Liberal) would “link-up” with the of the total 200 target personalities in theCommunist Party but their refusal to attend plan only 52 have been arrested, includingindicated that the Liberals were in on the deal to the three senators, Aquino, Diokno and Mitra“link-up”• with the Communists through Sen. and Chino Roces and Teddy Locsin.Aquino. At 7:15 pm I finally appeared on a nationwide TV and Radio broadcast toSept. 20, 1972, 10:40 pm announce the proclamation of martial law, the general orders and instruction.This afternoon General Staff with the SND and the I was supposed to broadcast at 12:00 p.m. butChiefs of the major services came to see us to technical difficulties prevented it. We hadsubmit the Assessment of Public Order wherein they closed all TV stations. We have to clear KBSrecommend the use of “other forms of countering which broadcast it live. VOP and PBSsubversion/insurgency should be considered.” This broadcast it by radio nationwide.means they recommend the use of EmergencyPowers including Martial Law, formally.Sept. 21, 1972, Thursday (Sept. 22nd at 1:45 am)Delayed by the hurried visit of Joe Aspiras andNating Barbers who came from the Northern bloc ofcongressmen and senators who want to know ifthere is going to be Martial Law in 48 hours aspredicted by Ninoy Aquino.Of course Imelda and Idenied it.But Johnny Ponce Enrile, Gen. Paz, Gen.Nanadiego, Kits Tatad and I with Piciong Tagmanidoing the typing finished all the papers (theproclamation and the orders) today at 8:00pm.[U.S.] Amb. Byroade came to see me at 11:15pm and was apparently interested to know whetherthere would be Martial Law. He seemed to favor itwhen I explained it is intended to primarily reformour society and eliminate the communist threat. Buthe suggested that a proclamation before theAmerican elections may be used by MacGovern, theDemocratic presidential candidate, as proof of thefailure of the foreign policy of the present president. 9

Gawain 3: Pag isipan Natin. Gamit ang Tri –Dimensional Question pag usapan ng bawat pangkat ang kanilang mga sagot sa sumusunod na tanong. 1. Ano-ano ang mga pangyayari sa bansa ang naging batayan ni Pangulong Marcos sa pagpapairal ng Batas Militar? Sapat ba ang mga ito para sa kanyang isinagawa? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 2. Anong katauhan ni Senador Benigno “Ninoy” Aquino Jr. ang inilahad sa diary ni Pangulong Marcos? Sumasang-ayon ka ba dito? Bakit? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ 3. Ano ang kalakasan at kahinaan ng pasyang ginawa ni Pangulong Marcos? ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ Basahin ang batayang aklat Pilipinas, Isang Sulyap at Pagyakap, sa mga pahina 241-242. Ang pagtataguyod ng Saligang Batas 1973 ay isa sa pinakamahalagang naganap sa bansa sailalim ng Batas Militar . Suriin sa ibaba ang mga bahagi at ilang mahalagang probisyon ng Saligang Batas1973 sa pamamagitan sa paghahambing nito sa Saligang Batas 1987 na kasalukuyang gamit ng bansa. 10