SCIENCE IV

 Turn around in a counter-clockwise direction as you move along the circular path until you reach the place where you started. While turning, you are also moving along the circular path. - What comes to your mind as you do this activity? - How will you relate your movement to revolution?ACTIVITY 2 Study this illustration. September October August NovemberDecember July January June February May March AprilAs the earth spins on its axis, it also travels around the sun.Answer the following questions. Do it in your notebook.1. What do you call the movement of Earth around the sun?2. How many months does it take Earth to make one complete revolution?3. How many days are there in 12 months?4. How many days are there in a leap year?5. What is a leap year?6. If Earth is the farthest planet from the Sun, do we still have the same number of days in a year? Why?

 Read and Learn More: The Earth is the place where people, animals and plants live. The Sun is a star which is many times bigger than the earth. It provides us with heat and light and without it, we could not survive. As the Earth spins or rotates on its axis it also travels around the Sun. The path that the Earth takes is called an orbit. The movement of the earth around the Sun is called revolution. It takes one year (12 months, 365 ¼ days) for the earth to travel once around the sun. You can therefore tell that the earth has completed one revolution whenever a year ends. A new year starts after midnight of December 31. The earth will then start a new journey around the sun which will take another year to complete. In a year, there are 365 ¼ days, but if you count the number of days in a calendar, you would only count, 365 days except when it is a leap year when there would be 366 calendar days. It is only every four years that a leap year occurs. In a leap year, February has 29 days instead of 28 days only. Every four years, an addition of one day makes up for the excess ¼ day not included in a regular calendar.I learned that:  the earth rotates on its axis as it revolves around the sun.  it takes the earth about 365 ¼ days to revolve around the sun.  the path that the earth takes as it revolves around the sun is called an orbit.

Apply ItA. Answer each question briefly. Write the answers in your notebook. 1. What do you think is the importance of the sun to all living things? 2. Why is it important to know about the movement of Earth?B. Write a paragraph about this question: “What will happen when the earth does not rotate and does not revolve?” Test YourselfA. Fill in each blank with the correct answer. Write the answers in your notebook. 1. __________ is the turning of Earth around the sun. 2. A __________occurs every four years. 3. There are __________ days in a leap year.B. Answer the following questions correctly. Write the answers in your notebook. 1. About how many rotations does Earth make in one revolution? 2. What does one year mean? 3. How does Earth revolve around the sun? 4. What is the difference between rotation and revolution?C. Explain why February has only 28 days in some years and 29 days in other years.

GRADE 1V REVOLUTION OF THE MOON AROUND EARTHAt the end of the module, you should be able to: Prove that moon travels around Earth Explain that the moon travels around Earth once about every 29 1 days 2 Try to RecallAnswer the crossword puzzle about the revolution of the earth. The clues below willhelp you. Write the answer in your notebook.DOWN ACROSS1. The circular movement of the earth 4. The spinning of the earth on its axis around the sun as it rotates on its axis. in a counter clockwise direction.2. An imaginary line that runs through 5. The change in direction or a change the middle of a celestial body. in position of an object or a body.3. The time it takes the earth to revolve 6. It usually occurs every four years around the sun (1) (4)(5) (2) (3) (6)

ExploreHave you ever observed the moon especially during nightime when it is round andbright? Do you see the same size and shape everytime you observe the night sky? Whyis it so?Do the following activities:ACTIVITY 1 You will need: - globe or a big ball - tableDo these: Place a globe or a big ball on a table. Stand facing the globe or a big ball. Turn counterclockwise around the table with your face toward the globe. Observe the direction of your shoulder pointing toward the globe as you turn around until you reach the place where you started. Then stop.

 Answer these: 1. Did you turn away from the globe at anytime as you moved around the table? Why? 2. Did you also turn around yourself?ACTIVITY 2 You will need: - chair - friendDo these. Place the chair on the center of the room. It will represent the sun. Draw a line around the chair. It will represent the orbit. Let your friend stand beside you. He will represent the moon. As you turn around and move on the orbit, your friend will move around you. Your friend will face towards you as he or she moves.

Read and Learn More:The moon is the earth’s satellite. It is a huge, heavy ball of rocks. If you look atthe moon through a telescope, you can see its surface made of dead volcanoes andbig craters. It seems very beautiful at night but actually it has many craters.The moon revolves continuously around the earth and at the same time, it rotateson its axis. One complete turn of the moon around the earth takes about 29½days. The moon also revolves around the sun.The moon is not made of gases. It is as hard as the earth. The moon does notproduce its own light. It reflects light from the sun and throws back the light tous. It acts as a large mirror in space, reflecting the light of the sun.I learned that:  the moon moves around the earth as it moves around the sun. 1  the moon travels around the earth once every 29 days 2 Apply It  Does the moon move? If so, what movement does it make?  Draw a model of a sun, earth and moon and how they revolve with each other.  Compare the rotation of the earth with the rotation of the moon. a. In what ways are they similar? b. In what ways are they different?  Explain how the moon revolves around the earth once every 29 ½ days.

Test Yourself1. Explain how the moon travels around Earth to make one complete revolution. You may use a diagram to explain your answer.

GRADE 1V SAFETY MEASURES IN DEALING WITH ANIMALSAt the end of the module, you should be able to: Practice safety measures in dealing with animalsTry to RecallA. Match column A with the correct answer in column B. Write your answer in your notebook.1. dog a. gives meat and milk2. cow b. use to pull carriage3. chicken c. plows the field4. horse d. guards the house5. carabao e. gives eggs and meatB. Name at least five harmful animals in your community. Do it in your notebook. 1. ______________ 2. ______________ 3. ______________ 4. ______________ 5. ______________ Did you know that some useful animals can also harm people? How shouldyou handle pets and other animals so that they do not cause you any harm? Find out in thefollowing activities.

ExploreActivity 1A. Do you know the harm done by some animals to people? Choose from the words belowand write them in you notebook. 6. malaria 1. injury from animal’s bite 7. help the farmer’s work 2. loosening of soil3. disease caused by mosquitoes 8. H-fever4. pollination of flowers 9. materials for clothing5. influenza 10. fertilization of soilStudy the picture below.Answer the following questions. Write the answers in your notebook. a. What do you think did the boy do? b. What is the dog doing? c. How should you handle your pets so that they would not do you any harm?

Activity 2 flies cockroachesTry to look for flies and cockroaches in your home. Observe them. Then answer thefollowing questions. Write the answers in your notebook. 1. Can you touch these insects with your bare hands? Why? 2. What should be done with these insects? 3. What other insects or animals you should avoid touching?Activity 3 1. Have you ever been to a zoo? If not, study the picture below.2. Answer the following questions. Write the answers in your notebook. a. What animals can you find in the zoo? b. Some of these animals are harmful. Enumerate at least five safety measures you should observe when dealing with animals.

Read and Learn More: Animals, whether useful or not can do harm to people. Pet animals like dogs or cats, get angry and bite when teased or threatened. Animals have the instinct or natural tendency to defend themselves for their survival. If they feel threatened, they will fight back. It is important then to know how to handle most animals with care. Most wild animals, such as those in zoos, should not be disturbed while they are asleep. You should not feed them using your hands, or tease them just to make them angry. In your homes, there may be animals that you should not handle with your bare hands. These include flies, cockroaches, and rats, all of which are carriers of different diseases. These live in dirty places and therefore all of which are capable of spreading disease. Pests control or insecticides may be used to eliminate them. Insects like ants and bees should not be disturbed in their natural habitats.I learned that  Animals have the natural tendency to fight for survival.  Animals should not be teased or threatened.  Flies, cockroaches, and rats should not be touched with bare hands because they are carriers of disease.  Other insects or animals should not be disturbed in their natural habitats. Apply ItAnswer the following questions. Write the answers in your notebook.1. Why should you not destroy an anthill or a beehive?2. You saw your friend kicking his pet dog. What advice can you give to your friend about treating animals?

Test Yourself Write your answers in your notebook.A. Read each sentence below.Put a check  in the if the sentence is true. Put a cross mark xif it is not. 1. With his slingshot, Mario hit the beehive hanging from the branch of a tree. 2. Mother wears gloves when she disposes of dead cockroaches. 3. Ben catches flies with his bare hands. 4. Ana teases her pet dog while it is eating. 5. Father uses insecticides to get rid of insect inside our house. B. Give five safety measures in dealing with animals. Write the answers in your notebook.

SAFETY MEASURES IN USING, AND PROPER HANDLING OF HOUSEHOLD MATERIALS At the end of the module, you should be able to:  practice safety measures in using, and proper handling of household materials. Try to Recall Try to remember the household materials discussed in lesson ___. Complete the map below. Write your answer on your notebook. f mp Household Materials cpActivity 2

Classify the following household materials below. Write them in proper column. Copy this inyour notebook.Toilet cleanser Tissue paper Muriatic acid Yummy vetchinTable salt Baby oil Liquid sosa ToothbrushInsect spray Face powder Corned beef DaingHair brush Headband Paracetamol Skin lotionFood Cleaning Personal Care Food Medicines Pesticides Agent Additives ExploreActivity 1Below are household materials. Classify these materials according to their uses. Copy the tablein your notebook.shampoo tissue paper cotton lipstick cooking oil saw hammer paintfirst aid medicines burn ointment stove knife airpot soap pepper kettleinsect spray floor waxspoons and forks catsup

Enhancing the Preparing, For carpentry Cleaning agents Toiletriesflavor of food cooking, and for eating works/beautifying the houseActivity 2Below are lists of common household materials. Write each material in the table below. Indicatealso their uses and how to properly handle each material. Write your answer in your notebook.a. Pesticides and insect spraysb. Tools like hammer, rake and crowbarc. Toiletries like bath soap, shampoo, and toothbrushd. Condiments like salt, sugar, soy sauce, vinegar, and peppere. Kitchen utensils like pots and pans, knives, stove, spoon and forksf. Washing detergents liquid and powder detergentsg. Cleaning agents like muriatic acid, bleaching agent, cleanser, and liquid sosah. Cosmetics like baby oil, lotion, and face powderi. Paint, thinner, and lacquer.Material Uses Proper Handling

Activity 3A. When you are in the kitchen, what activities do you usually do? What do you use in doing those activities? How do you handle household materials properly? Do you do the following safety measures? How often do you do each one? ALWAYS SOMETIMES NEVER 1. Read the directions before using any household chemicals. 2. Turn off the stove and gas tank after cooking. 3. Return poisonous and flammable materials to their proper place after use. 4. Wash and change clothes after handling toxic or harmful substances. 5. Avoid using expired canned goods, medicines and other packed foods. 6. Wear safety gloves when using cleaning materials containing acids.

Read and Learn MoreAll household materials are useful if the user knows how to use them properly. Thesematerials become harmful if not properly used and handled. Many household materialsshould be keep out of children’s reach because these may cause harm to them.Condiments are substances used for enhancing the flavor of food. These should be used onlyas required.Kitchen utensils are used for cooking and eating. These materials should be keep clean anddry. Materials with pointed and sharp edges should be keep out of children’s reach.Electrical household materials should be keep unplug if not in use.Cleaning agents are used cleaning. May cause poisoning if taken internally, thus, theseshould be keep out of children’s reach. Keep bar and liquid detergent in a dry and closedcabinet.Throw used cottons and tissues in the waste cans because they may clog sinks and toiletbowls. Some materials should be covered properly to prevent insects from crawling on them.Cosmetics and other personal care materials are used for making oneself more beautiful andpresentable. Theses materials should be keep in an organizer or cabinet out of children’sreach.Medicines cure common ailments but may cause harm if taken without doctor’s prescriptions.Better consult a doctor before taking any medicines.Tools are used for repair works and gardening. These things should be keep in a lockedstorage area because these may cause accident if mishandled.Pesticides and chemical sprays are used for killing pests and insects. These materials arepoisonous if taken internally. These should be keep in a locked storage area. Wash handsthoroughly after using and handling these materials.Paint, thinner, and lacquer are used for beautifying the house. These materials areflammable, and poisonous if taken internally. These materials should be keep out ofchildren’s reach and be placed in a dry cool place with sufficient ventilation.

Apply ItActivity 1a. Prepare a pencil, crayons, and a sheet of bond paperb. On the bond paper, make a drawing showing the proper handling of foods, medicines, pesticides and soaps in your house.c. Explain why do you have to know the proper way of using and handling the materials in your home. .Activity 2Give the proper way of handling the following household materials. Write your answer in yournotebook.1. Pots and pans 4. Toothbrush2. Paracetamol 5. Kitchen knife3. Soy sauce 6. Insect sprayI learned that  Keep all medicines and household chemicals in safe places and out of reach of children  Put inflammable chemicals like kerosene and gasoline in tightly sealed containers  Keep poisons tightly sealed in clearly marked containers.  Label all chemicals properly  Avoid storing poisonous chemicals, pesticides.  Avoid tasting or inhaling any substance if you do not know what it is.  Never take medicines without doctor’s prescription.

Test YourselfComplete the table below. Copy it in your notebook.Household Material Uses Proper Handling Examples1. Condiments Enhances food flavor2. Medicines Never take medicine3. Cosmetics without doctor’s4. Personal care5. Carpentry tools prescription6. Pesticides7. Paint, thinner For beautifying one’s lotion8. Toiletries body part Comb. hairbrush Rake, saw, hammer Keep these things properly in an organizer For repair works and gardening Wash hands thoroughly after handling Keep out of children’s reach For cleaning the body9. Kitchen utensils Keep them clean and10. Cleaning agents dry For cleaning kitchen utensils

GRADE 1V SAFETY MEASURES IN USING, AND PROPER HANDLING OF HOUSEHOLD MATERIALSAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Practice safety measures in using, storing and disposing household materials. Try to RecallTry to remember the household materials discussed in lesson ___. Complete the mapbelow. Write your answer on your notebook. fmp Household Materials cpActivity 2

Classify the following household materials below. Write them in proper column. Copythis in your notebook.Toilet cleanser Tissue paper Muriatic acid Yummy vetchinTable salt Baby oil Liquid sosa ToothbrushInsect spray Face powder Corn beef DaingHair brush Headband Paracetamol Skin lotionFood Cleaning Personal Food Medicines Pesticides Agent Care Additives ExploreActivity 1Below are household materials. Classify these materials according to their uses. Copy thetable in your notebook.shampoo tissue paper cotton lipstick cooking oilfirst aid medicines burn ointment saw hammer paintinsect spray floor wax stove knife airportspoons and forks catsup soap pepper kettleEnhancing the Preparing, For carpentry Cleaning agents Toiletriesflavor of food cooking, and for works/beautifying

eating the houseActivity 2Below are lists of common household materials. Write each material in the table below.Indicate also their uses and how to properly handle each material. Write your answer inyour notebook.a. Pesticides and insect spraysb. Tools like hammer, rake and crowbarc. Toiletries like bath soap, shampoo, and tootbrushd. Condiments like salt, sugar, soy sauce, vinegar, and peppere. Kitchen utensils like pots and pans, knives, stove, spoon and forksf. Washing detergents liquid and powder detergentsg. Cleaning agents like muriatic acid, bleaching agent, cleanser, and liquid sosah. Cosmetics like baby oil, and face powderi. Paint, thinner, and lacquer.Material Uses Proper Handling

Activity 3A. When you are in the kitchen, what activities do you usually do? What do you use in doing those activities? How do you handle household materials properly? ALWAYS SOMETIMES NEVER1. Read the directions before using any household chemicals.2. Turn off the stove and gas tank after cooking.3. Return poisonous and flammable materials to their proper place after use.4. Wash and change clothes after handling toxic or harmful substances.5. Avoid using expired canned goods, medicines and other packed foods.6. Wear safety gloves when using cleaning materials containing acids.

Read and Learn MoreAll household materials are useful if the user knows how to use them properly.These materials become harmful if not properly used and handled. Manyhousehold materials should be keep out of children’s reach because these maycause harm to them.Condiments are substances used for enhancing the flavor of food. Theseshould be used only as required.Kitchen utensils are used for cooking and eating. These materials should bekeep clean and dry. Materials with pointed and sharp edges should be keepout of children’s reach.Electrical household materials should be keep unplug if not in use.Cleaning agents are used cleaning. May cause poisoning if taken internally,thus, these should be keep out of children’s reach. Keep bar and liquiddetergent in a dry and closed cabinet.Throw used cottons and tissues in the waste cans because they may clog sinksand toilet bowls. Some materials should be covered properly to preventinsects from crawling on them.Cosmetics and other personal care materials are used for making oneself morebeautiful and presentable. Theses materials should be keep in an organizer orcabinet out of children’s reach.Medicines cure common ailments but may cause harm if taken withoutdoctor’s prescriptions. Better consult a doctor before taking any medicines.Tools are used for repair works and gardening. These things should be keep ina locked storage area because these may cause accident if mishandled.Pesticides and chemical sprays are used for killing pests and insects. Thesematerials are poisonous if taken internally. These should be keep in a lockedstorage area. Wash hands thoroughly after using and handling these materials.Paint, thinner, and lacquer are used for beautifying the house. These materialsare flammable, and poisonous if taken internally. These materials should bekeep out of children’s reach and be placed in a dry cool place with sufficientventilation.

Apply ItActivity 1a. Prepare a pencil, crayons, and a sheet of bond paperb. On the bond paper, make a drawing showing the proper handling of foods, medicines, pesticides and soaps in your house.c. Explain why do you have to know the proper way of using and handling the materials in your home. .Activity 2Give the proper way of handling the following household materials. Write your answer in yournotebook.1. Pots and pans 4. Toothbrush2. Paracetamol 5. Kitchen knife3. Soy sauce 6. Insect sprayI learned that  Keep all medicines and household chemicals in safe places and out of reach of children  Put inflammable chemicals like kerosene and gasoline in tightly sealed containers  Keep poisons tightly sealed in clearly marked containers.  Label all chemicals properly  Avoid storing poisonous chemicals, pesticides.  Avoid tasting or inhaling any substance if you do not know what it is.  Never take medicines without doctor’s prescription.

Test Yourself*Complete the table below. Copy it in your notebook.Household Material Uses Proper Handling Examples1. Condiments Enhances food flavor2. Medicines Never take medicine3. Cosmetics without doctor’s4. Personal care5. Carpentry tools prescription6. Pesticides7. Paint, thinner For beautifying one’s lotion8. Toiletries body part Comb. hairbrush Rake, saw, hammer Keep these things properly in an organizer For repair works and gardening Wash hands thoroughly after handling Keep out of children’s reach For cleaning the body9. Kitchen utensils Keep them clean and10. Cleaning agents dry For cleaning kitchen utensils

GRADE 1V SAFETY PRECAUTIONS IN HANDLING FIREAt the end of the module, you should be able to:Observe safety precautions when handling fire.Try to RecallA. Unscramble each of jumbled letters below to form the word described. Write the correct words in your notebook.NOCDUCNOTI - The transfer of heat from molecule to moleculeCNCVOETNIO - The transfer of heat by currentsIGNTRDAIO - The transfer of heat through space.B. Draw a fire burning a house. When do we say fire is man’s friend and when do we say it is his enemy? Explain your answer.What are the uses of fire? Draw it in your notebook.

ExploreACTIVITY I 1. Think about the uses of fire to you and to your family. 2. List these in your notebook. Compare your work with your seatmate. How many have you listed the same.ACTIVITY 2  Study the illustration below, then answer the questions in your notebook. a. What may be the cause of the fire. b. What would be the effect of this to the people in that area? c. How can you help to prevent this from happening?

ACTIVITY 31. Study the pictures below, look for something that may cause fire. Write it in your notebook.2. What do you think will happen to the appliances?3. Why do you think defective electric devices and appliances also cause fire?4. What other things can cause fire?ACTIVITY 4 Prepare the following a. alcohol lamp with denatured b. match sticks 1. Remove the cap of the alcohol lamp and light it up. 2. Now put back the cap of the alcohol lamp. Describe what happens to the flame? What do you think was taken out or removed? 3. What are other ways of putting out the flame? 4. What things are to be removed to put out fire?

Read and Learn More Fire is very useful, it gives us light and help us to cook our food. It alsokeeps us warm. Fire is also used in industry to generate power to operatemachines. However, very big fires can be dangerous. Big fires can burn downhundred houses and all the things in it leaving the people homeless. It caneven claim lives of people caught in it. Big wild fires can burn down wide areasof forest trees and even animals. Three things are necessary in order for a fire to burn or start. These threeare fuel, oxygen, and kindling temperature. A fuel is any material or substancethat burns. Different substances have different kindling temperatures, that isdifferent materials will burn or ignite at different temperatures. Some burnquickly at low kindling temperatures and some much later at high kindlingtemperature. There must also be a continuous supply of oxygen from the air.There cannot be any fire unless the three are all present. Fires big enough to burn a house happens when people get careless.Smokers who throw their lighted cigarettes can cause big fires. Children whoplay with matches can also cause fire. Storing paper and gasoline can alsocause fire. Forest fires can also happen when people throw their cigarettesand lighted matches into dry woods and leaves in the forest. Fires can alsohappen when people forget to properly put off the fire they started. Faulty wiring and defective appliances can cause short circuit that can alsocause fire. Worn-out electric wires and outlets also do the same. Too manyelectrical appliances plugged into one outlet can cause over loading that maylead to fire. Fires can be prevented if we follow these simple safety rules.  Keep matches and lighters out of children’s reach.  Avoid using octopus connections  Put off candles before going to bed.  Place lighted candles.  Or lamps away from curtains.  Turn off electrical appliances after use and unplug them. A fire can be extinguished or put out if any of the conditions that are neededto start a fire is removed. You can cut off the supply of oxygen by covering thefire with sand, soil or wet rag. You can also put out the flame by removing thefuel. You can also lower the kindling temperature by pouring water over thefuel as the firemen do.

pouring water over pouring sand over scattering the fuel inburning materials burning materials putting off fireApply ItA. Study each picture below. Identify if the picture shows a good practice toward preventing fire. Explain how the practice prevents the occurrence of fire. AB C DE FB. On a camping trip, and you had a campfire one evening. You were one of the few ones that were asked to put-off the fire. There was no source of water near you. What would you do?

Test Yourself*A. Copy the table below in your notebook. Complete it with three reasons why fire is considered either a “friend and a foe”.a friend because FIRE a foe because1. 1.2. 2.3. 3.B. Match the term in Column A with Column B. Write the letter only. AB1. Any material that burns a. kindling temperature2. The temperature at which a substanceignites or starts to burn b. match sticks and lighters3. The condition that is removed when c. oxygen glass is put over a burning flame d. fuel4. Objects that should be kept out of reach of children e. oxidation temperature f. paper and gasoline.5. Examples of combustible materials

GRADE 1V SLOPE OF LAND AND SOIL EROSIONAt the end of the lesson, you will be able to: Demonstrate how the slope of land contributes to soil erosion. Try to RecallThe carrying away of soil is called soil erosion. Can you name the agents of soilerosion? Do the activities below.A. * Recall the factors that bring about soil erosion. Look for at least four of these factors in the maze below. The words may be arranged in horizontal and vertical. *Write the words in your notebook. KMA A C E I SNSKY SS I MBA MEML PN OWA T E R O I L SOA I NSNPC NDNML C E EMOE BB. * Observe some animals in your community. In what ways do animals erode the soil? Do you know of other animals that help erode the soil?

Explore Do you live on a plain land or on a mountainside? In which place do you think soil ismore eroded:on the plains or on the mountainside? Find out in the action below.Activity 1 1. Prepare three wooden boxes, soil, and water. Number the boxes 1-3. 2. Fill each box with soil. 3. Set the three boxes as shown in the illustration. 4. Slowly pour water into each box. Make sure that for the three boxes, you pour the water from the same height. 5. As you pour the water, compare the amount of soil washed away from each box. 6. Answer the following questions. Write the answers in your notebook. a. Was the soil in the first box carried away by water? Why? b. How much soil in the second box was carried away by water? c. How much soil in the third box was carried away by water? d. What do you think caused the differences in the amount of soil that was carried away from the boxes?

Read and Learn More: Contour plowing also helps prevent soil erosion. Rows are plowed acrossa slope, following its contour. There rows slow down water runoff during rainfalland allow water to settle into the sea Terracing in a planting method in steep hills that invalves building leveledsections called terraces. They slow down or prevent the runoff water that maycarry away soil. In crap rotation, different types of crops are planted in the same area indifferent seasons. This increases the water holding capacity of soil. Running water carries away soil from land has a slope. The steeper theslope, the more soil is carried away by running water. When rain falls, some water sinks into the ground while some water flowssomewhere else. The erosion of soil caused by running water depends on theslope of the land, the amount of rainfall, and the presence of plants. Mountains and valleys change as they grow old. Erosion by wind andwater carries away broken particles of rocks and soil from the mountains until themountains become level lands or plains. Plateaus also change due to erosion. The top of some plateaus becomerounded. Valleys may also form when rivers cut through the plateaus. Streamscan curve the valleys. Land erosion has been going on for millions of years and will continue aslong as there is soil and wind and water move the soil. Rivers are formed when rain water coming from mountains moves to alow place. The water makes its own path by eroding the soil. The river begins togrow when more water flow is added into it. It will eventually branch out todifferent directions as you have observed in activity 1, 2 and 3. It takes thousands or even millions of years for erosion to change theshape of a piece of land.

I learned that:  running water carries away soil from land when the land has a slope. The steeper the slope, the more soil is carried away by running water.  the erosion of soil caused by running water depends on the slope of the land and the amount of rainfall.  erosion by wind and water carries away broken particles of rocks and soil from mountains until the mountains become level lands or plains. Apply ItStudy the pictures below. If you were to plant more trees, which land form below willyou choose. Why? If you were to build a house, will you build it on a high slope?Why? `

Test YourselfA. Study the set of pictures in each number below. Choose the picture in each set in which erosion will create the greater damage. Explain why. Write the answer in your notebook. 1.2. 3.

GRADE 1V THE EARTH’S ROTATIONAt the end of the module, you should be able to: Explain that Earth rotates in a counter clockwise direction Prove that the Earths’ rotation on its axis causes day and night Try to RecallRead each description below. Unscramble the letters to know what is described.Write the answers in your notebook.1. Planet where people, animals, and plants live THERA2. Imaginary line that runs through the center of the Earth between the North and South poles XISA3. The turning of Earth on its axis TARONOTI4. The earth’s axis is filted in degrees °32.55. The direction at which earth rotates around its axis once every 24 hours. UCOTERNESWISK CLO

ExploreACTIVITY 1 Study the pictures below. N SCompare the movement of the hands of the clock and the rotation of the Earth.In what ways are they similar? In what ways are they different?ACTIVITY 2 Make a list of the things you do during daytime and nighttime. Do this in your notebook. ACTIVITIES Daytime Nighttime

ACTIVITY 3 You will need: - a ball - a flashlight Set the flashlight in one place. Hold the ball. Spin it round slowly between your fingertips. Watch as part of the ball goes into the light and some move out. - What part of the ball has light as it is spinned slowly? - What part of the ball has no light? - How can you relate this to the earth’s day and night? Read and learn more: The globe is a model of the earth. It spins and turns around. The earth moves similarly as the globe does. It rotates on its axis continuously. It takes the earth 24 hours (one day) to spin around once on its axis. The sun shines on earth. At any time, one part of the earth is in darkness (night) and the other part is in brightness (day). The side of the earth facing the sun receives light so this is bright. It is daytime on this side of the earth. The other side of the earth facing away from the sun does not receive light, so it is dark. It is nighttime on this side of the earth. Normally, day is the time for doing different activities while night is the time for rest. Sometimes, though, some people work at night and rest during the day.

The earth rotates in a counter-clockwise direction. It rotates from west to east. This makes the sun seems to rise in the east and travel across the sky then sets in the west.I learned that:  the earth takes 24 hours (one day) to make a complete rotation on its axis.  the rotation of the earth causes day and night.  it is day on the part of the earth that is facing the sun. It is night in the part of the earth that is not facing the sun.  the earth rotates in a counter-clockwise direction. Apply ItA. Answer the questions below. 1. What do you think is the importance of Earth’s rotation on the life of human beings? 2. What do you think will happen if here no daytime or nighttime? 3. Would you want Philippines to be in another part of the world or to remain in its present location?B. Prepare the following a. globe b. flashlights Turn the globe slowly from west to east with the flashlight on. Explain how this rotation makes you experience morning, noon, and afternoon as it these occur on Earth.

Test YourselfA. Read each statement below. Write True if it is correct and False if it is incorrect. Write the answers in your notebook. 1. The whole part of Earth faces the sun at the same time. 2. When the sun shines on the part of Earth, that part is experiencing nighttime. 3. Different parts of Earth experience days and nights because Earth rotates on its axis. 4. The part of Earth that is away from the sun experiences daytime. 5. The Earth rotates in a counter-clockwise direction.B. Briefly explain why day and night occur. Use a diagram to support your answer. Do this in your notebook.

THE SKELETAL SYSTEM AND ITS FUNCTIONSAt the end of this module, you will be able to: Explain how the skeletal system gives the body form, shape, and support. Try to RecallActivity 1Rearrange the jumbled letters in the box to form the word or words described by thegroup of words on the right. Write the word or words in your notebook.1. H B O N S E I P - located just below the waist2. S P I L A N C O M N L U – consists of 26 vertebrae3. R B I G A C E – consists of 12 ribs on each side of the body4. K U L S L – located at the top of the spine

Activity 2Identify each numbered part below. Write the name of the body part in your notebook. 1 2 3 4 5

Explore Have you ever made a kite in a certain shape? What did you use for its frame?A. Where did you paste the paper to complete the kite? When the kite was finished, what shape did it have?B. Have you ever seen a house being built? What do you think the carpenters built first? What does it do for the house ? Does it give a definite form to the house?C. Look at your classmates or other people around you.. You may also look at yourself in a mirror. What shape does your head resemble? your arms and legs?

Read: Framework for ShapeThe skeletal system is the framework of your body. This framework is made up of rigidand strong materials called bones. The skeletal system gives shape to your body.Without it, your body will look like a paper kite without a rigid frame.Stand, sit, then lie down.Did the different parts of your body in change their “ location” in your body afteryou performed each movement above.?Read: Framework For Support and AnchorageAside from giving shape to your body, the skeletal system also supports your bodyweight. Without your bones, you cannot stand, sit erect, or lie down.Even as you move, the muscles in your arms remain in your arms. Your heart and lungsremain in your chest. This is possible because your bones provide an anchorage onwhich the different soft parts of your bodies remain in place.Read and Learn MoreIn the human body, the skeletal system forms a strong framework for bodysupport. The chart below lists some bones and the support they provide. BONES SUPPORTBreastbone Provides anchorage for ribs in frontFemur Bears weight of upper bodyPelvic girdle Supports spinal column and legsSpinal column Makes body straight; supports headShoulder girdle Supports arms

I learned that:  The framework of your body is made up of rigid and strong materials called bones.  The skeletal system gives your body a form, shape, and support. Apply ItRead each situation below. Then answer the questions briefly. Write the answer in yournotebook.1. Allan met a vehicular accident. The bone in his left arm was hit. Which bone in his body will now support his left arm?2. Janina wrapped herself with a blanket. What shape will the blanket take? Why? Test YourselfA. Read each statement below. Write True in your notebook if the statement is correct. Write False if it is incorrect.1. The skeletal system provides support to the body.2. Without your bones, you cannot stand or sit erect.3. Not every part of the body has shape.4. The skeletal system does not support your body weight.5. The skeletal system gives shape to the body.

B. Match the bone in column A with the support it provides in column B. Write only the letter of the answer in your notebook. A B1. breastbone a. anchorage for the ribs in front2. pelvic girdle b. bears weight of upper body3. femur c. makes body straight; supports head4. shoulder girdle d. supports spinal column and legs5. spinal column e. supports arms

USEFUL ANIMALS At the end of the module, you should be able to:  Name food products that animal provides, and other materials derived from animals. Try to Recall Study the drawings in each set below. Arrange them according to the life cycle of the 1. fly and 2. frog. Number the drawing from 1 – 4.1. A BC D 2. A BC Give the similarities and differences in the life cycles of the two animals.