SCIENCE VI

SCIENCE VI

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MISOSA MODULES NO. OF PAGES 10 SCIENCE VI 10 8 LIST OF TITLES 10 6 TITLE OF MODULE 121. The Human Circulatory System 112. The Blood 133. The Blood Vessels 84. The Heart 55. Types of Blood Circulation 76. Aliments of the Circulatory System 87. The Human Nervous System 78. Caring for the Nervous System 59. The Food Court in an Ecosystem 1010. Oxygen-Carbon Dioxide Cycle 511. Effects of Rapid Population Growth 812. Environmental Problems 913. Effects of Natural Calamities 614. Preserving the Environment 715. Physical Change 1316. Chemical Change 917. Good Effects of Changes in Materials to the Environment 818. Bad Effects of Changes to the Environment 1019. Mechanical Energy 520. Chemical Energy 521. Light Energy 822. Electrical Energy 623. Sound Energy 1024. Speed, Velocity, Acceleration and Friction 1025. The Interior of the Earth 1126. Why Earthquakes Occur 927. Effects of Earthquake 928. Earthquake Intensity and Magnitude 829. Vulcan: The Blacksmith of God Jupiter 1230. Being Prepared for Volcanic Eruption 731. Little Lights in the Sky at Night32. Common Constellations 133. Instruments in Studying Stars34. Milky Way: Our Galaxy35. Space Missions36. Studying the Universe

GRADE VI ALIMENTS OF THE CIRCULATORY SYSTEMAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Identify common ailments of the circulatory system(cardiovascular diseases) and their symptoms  Practice health habits to prevent ailments of the circulatory system Try to RecallComplete the two blood circuits below.A. Pulmonary Circuit Blood from (1)___________ atrium goes to the (2) __________ventricle from here Blood flows through pulmonary (3) ___________ to the right and left (4) _________ Passing through pulmonary (5) ___________ blood centers the __________ atriumB. Systemic Circuit Blood from (1)___________ atrium is pushed to the (2) ________ventricle,which pumps (3) ____________different parts of the body. (4) blood with entering the________ atrium through the interior and posterior vein cava.

Explore In the past lessons, you have learned about the parts of the circulatory system: theblood, the blood vessels and the heart including their functions. You also traced the flowof blood in a pulmonary circulation as well as in a systemic circulation.Activity 1 Let us study the dialogue between Vonn and Dr. Gail Mendoza, a cardiologist. She isa doctor specializing in the heart and its ailments.Vonn : Good morning, Doctor Gail.Doctor Gail : Good morning, Vonn. What can I do for you?Vonn : I want to know more about some ailments of the circulatoryDoctor Gail system. Will you help me please? : Sure! That’s no problem. Here are some pamphlets on cardiovascular diseases. It will help you understand your lesson.After the visit and talk to the cardiologist, Vonn made a summary of his interview.Here are some common heart ailments affecting the circulatory system. High Blood Pressure or Hypertension This is characterized by an abnormally high pressure in the arteries and increasesthe risk of problems such as stroke, heart failure, heart attack and kidney damage. Ifthe blood pressure is too high, it can rupture a blood vessel and can cause bleeding inthe brain or other complications.

Heart Attack or Myocardial Infarction A heart attack occurs when blood flow to a section of heart muscle becomesblocked. If the flow of blood is not restored quickly, the section of the heart musclebecomes damaged from lack of oxygen and begins to die. This heart damage may not beobvious or it may cause severe or long-lasting problems. Severe problems linked withheart attack can include heart failure. The most common heart attack signs and symptoms are:  chest discomfort or pain,  upper body discomfort in one or both arms, the back, neck, jaw or stomach,  shortness of breath may occur with or before chest discomfort,  other signs include nausea, vomiting, lightheadedness or fainting, or breaking out in cold sweat. Acting fast at the first sign of heart attack symptoms can save life and limitdamage to the heart. Heart Failure (congestive heart failure) This is a serious condition in which the amount of blood pumped by the heart each minute is insufficient to meet the body’s normal requirements for oxygen and nutrients. Arteriosclerosis This is general term for several diseases in which the wall of the artery becomes thicker and less elastic. Example: a) Atherosclerosis is a condition wherein a fatty material or cholesterol accumulate under the inner lining of the arterial wall. b) Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) happens when fat deposits accumulate in the walls of coronary artery causing a decrease of blood flowing through it, to a reduced blood, thus depriving the heart muscle with oxygen.

Congenital Heart Disease This is aliment which result from an malformation of the muscles of the heart andmajor blood vessels that produces abnormality in the flow of blood. Congenitalmeans present at birth. This develops while the baby is still in the mother’s womb. A baby with congenital heart disease is sometimes called “blue baby”. This isbecause the baby has a bluish color around the lips and at the tips of the fingers andtoes when he/she cries. The following are often the causes of the disease: a) abnormalities in the genetic material of the developing embryo b) infection of the pregnant mother through exposure to illnesses such as German measles c) smoking and drinking alcoholic beverages by pregnant mothers d) intake of certain drugs by pregnant mothers Rheumatic Heart Disease or Rheumatic Fever Aliment is caused by (arthritis) and the ( carditis heart enlargement) resultingfrom a streptococcal infection usually of the throat. Sore throat or strep throat is an infection caused by streptococcus bacteria whichleads to rheumatic fever. When the fever is not attended, it can develop intorheumatic heart disease. A person with rheumatic fever has swollen joints which become red and painful.There is also the swelling of face and legs; chest pains and shortness of breath.  Anemia is a conditions in which the number of red blood cells or amount of hemoglobin in them is below normal. It is also called iron poor blood because the most common cause is not having enough iron. If one has anemia, your blood does not carry enough oxygen to the rest of the body. A person will becomes weak, cold, dizzy, and irritable.  Hemophilia is a rare inherited disorder in which the blood does not clot normally. People who have it may bleed for a long time after an injury or accident. The main treatment is injecting the missing clotting factor in the bloodstream.

Disorders of the Blood Leukemia is cancer of the blood cells. It starts in the tissue that forms blood. The bone marrow makes abnormal white blood cells called leukemia cells. Leukemia cells don’t die when they should. They may crowd out normal white blood cells, red blood cells and platelets. This makes it hard for normal blood cells to do their work.Do these in your notebook.1. List some of the ailments or disorders belonging to the heart, blood and blood vessels.2. Complete the given table below with the needed information. AILMENTS OR DISORDERS OFHEART BLOOD BLOOD VESSEL

Activity 2 1. Spot the difference on each set of pictures. 2. Answer these: 1. Enumerate which pictures show the proper care of the circulatory system? 2. Some of the proper ways to keep your circulatory system healthy.

Read and learn more. Keeping the Circulatory System Healthy Knowing about the different disorders of the circulatory and their symptoms, it is only important to keep the circulatory system healthy. How? Here are some suggestions: A. For Your Heart 1. Minimize your salt (sodium) intake. Too much salt may cause the development of heart disease for people already suffering from hypertension. 2. Get enough rest, sleep, and proper exercise. 3. Avoid activities that lead to extreme anger, too much joy, too much excitement, and unnecessary fears. All these lead to severe circulatory disorders.

B. For Your Blood 1. Eat a balanced diet. A variety of food in your daily meals will supply the necessary nutrients your body needs to be strong. 2. Avoid fatty foods. Fatty foods contain bad cholesterol. Some fats form cholesterol deposits in the blood vessels. 3. Avoid harmful drugs, cigarettes, and alcohol. Alcohol intake can increase blood pressure and react with blood pressure medications. People who smoke and have high blood pressure may suffer from other diseases due to complications. 4. Avoid crowded places to prevent catching cold or flu. Take plenty of fluids, eat a balanced diet and vitamin C-rich fruits. This will increase body resistance.

C. For Your Blood Vessels 1. Avoid standing or sitting for long periods without stretching or moving around. 2. To avoid any infection, treat cuts and other breaks on the skin at once. 3. Wear loose clothes to avoid restriction of blood circulation. 4. Have a regular medical check-up. Consult a physician when you are ill. Never take unprescribed medicine. These are all practices which should be done regularly to maintain a healthy circulatory system.

Apply ItRecord your answers in your notebook.1. Your mother is not feeling well. Her doctor says that she is suffering from coronary artery disease. What could be the symptoms of this disease?2. Knowing the ailments of blood, what will you do so that the different blood cells (red blood cells, white blood cells) will be in the normal level or amount?3. Conduct a survey to determine which disease or ailment is common among the children or the adults in your community or barangay.Name of Barangay: _________________ Name of Province: ________Name of Town or City: _______________Put a check mark on the appropriate column. Name of the Disorder or Disease Common in Common in Adults ChildrenA. Heart and Blood Vessels 1.Enlargement of heart 2.Congestive Heart failure 3.Congenital heart disease 4.Rheumatic heart disease 5.Hypertension 6.ArterisclerosisB. Blood 1.Anemia 2.Hemoglobin 3.Leukemia

Test Yourself*A. Match column A with column B. Choose the letter only.Column A Column B1. Heart failure a. caused by a deficiency in one of the blood clotting factors2. Anemia b. lack of red blood cells3. Leukemia c. abnormally high pressure in the4. Hypertension arteries5. Hemophilia d. cancer of the blood; characterized by high white blood cells count e. a serious condition in which the quantity of blood pumped by the heart each minute is insufficient to the needs of the body f. inflammation of the heart and the jointsB. List down three health practices that would help prevent ailments of the circulatory system.

Key to CorrectionTest Yourself A. 1. right atrium 2. right ventricle 3. pulmonary artery 4. lungs 5. pulmonary vein 6. left atriumB. 1. left atrium 2. left ventricle 3. aorta 4. right atriumExploration TimeActivity 1 AILMENTS OR DISORDERS OF HEART BLOOD BLOOD VESSELShearthattackcongenital heart Anemia high blood pressurediseaseheart failure Leukemia arteriosclerosisrheumatic heartdisease HemophiliaActivity 2 1. 1. B 2. B 3. A 2. 1. Eating a balanced diet 2. Visit the dentist when the gums or the teeth are inflamed. 3. Eat variety of fruits.

Apply It 1. Coronary artery disease results when fats are stocked in the walls of coronary artery thus blocks the normal flow of the blood. This cause leads to a lesser flow of the blood carrying oxygen to the heart. 2. I need to eat balanced diet and avoid fatty foods. I not take harmful drugs like cigarettes and alcohol. I will eat fruits and vegetables. 3. Common in Common in Name of the Disorder or Disease Children AdultsA. Heart and Blood Vessels 1. High Blood Pressure or Hypertension 2. Heart attack or Myocardial Infarction 3. Arteriosderosis 4. Heart Failure (congestive heart Disease) 5. Congenital Heart Disease 6. Rheumatic Heart DiseaseB. Blood 1. Anemia 2. Hemophilia 3. LeukemiaTest Yourself 1. E 2. B 3. D 4. C 5. A

THE EGNRVAIDREOVNIMENT BAD EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENTAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Describe how certain changes in materials have bad effect in the environment Try to Recall Do you still remember the good effects of changes of materials to the environment?Answer the exercise that follows: Write Yes if the change has good effect to the environment and No if it has no goodeffects. 1. making medicine 2. vehicles that produce black smoke 3. making hollow blocks out of sand and cement 4. cooking food 5. burning garbage

Study the picture. Identify the biodegradable materials and non biodegradable. Writethem on the chart below. BIODEGRADABLE NON-BIODEGRADABLE1. 1.2. 2.3. 3.4. 4.5. 5.

D e ExploreIdentify some materials around you. What effects do they bring to you? Are they allgood? Is it good or bad effect?Activity 1 What you need: white cloth or handkerchief What to do: Leave a white cloth or handkerchief on a windowsill or clothesline for 3 days. Observe. Answer these questions: - Where did you put the white cloth or handkerchief? - What happened to it after a few days? - Did the color change? Why so? - What does it show?Activity 2 What you need: Tablespoon of ash What to do: Put a tablespoon of ash in the clean water. Observe. Answer these questions: 1. What happened to the water after you put the ash? 2. What changes took place?

Activity 3Look at the picture below. Then, answer the questions that follow:Answer these questions: 1. What is found along the road? 2. What do you see flying over the garbage? 3. What can this picture not good to our health? 4. What will happen to the soil if garbage is dumped on it?

Activity 4Look at the picture below.Answer these questions: 1. What happened to the trees? 2. What will be the effect of this activity to the forest animals? 3. What will be the effect to people?

Read and learn more. Good and bad effects result from certain changes of materials in the water cycle and photosynthesis are changes that have good effects. Some changes have bad effect like pollution and destruction of habitat and lose of lives. Improper disposal of garbage, harmful chemicals and human waste can cause changes. It can pollute air, land and water. Smoke from the burning of oil and coal and wood can also cause air pollution. Land pollution can also occur when farmers use too much weed killers and insecticides on their farms. Seas and oceans become polluted when oil from ships spills into the water. We also add to air pollution when we burn fuels. When fuels burn they give out smoke. Cigarette smoke also pollutes the air. Motor-cars, buses and other vehicles burn fuels such as petrol or diesel oil. The engines of these vehicle give out harmful gases which are invisible. The air becomes polluted when there are too many vehicles on the road. Smoke from factories and power stations can also cause air pollution. Forests had been cleared to give way to housing projects. But this could lead to lose of habitat to animals and even lose of lives. It could also lead to soil erosion. The loss of forests and air pollution have led to another threatening situation for our planet: GLOBAL WARMING. The cutting down of trees and the burning of fuels increases the amount of gases that cause greenhouse effect. Temperature all over the world rises resulting to global warming. With this, the ice at North and South Pole may melt. This will cause sea-levels to rise and so widespread flooding and destruction will occur. Plants and animals that are unable to adapt to the higher temperature will become extinct.

I LEARNED THAT:  Some of changes in materials have bad effects to the environment.  Improper disposal of garbage, harmful chemicals, human waste, smoke leads to pollution.  Pollution and deforestation causes loss of habitat lives, erosion and global warming. Apply It  Some people prefer using styrofoam for food packing. Would you do the same? What would be the effect of this? What other alternatives can you suggest?  Describe how you dispose your garbage in your house. Do you think this is proper or could it lead to pollution? Draw how you can correct your garbage disposal practices.  Make a slogan on a bond paper on how we can prevent pollution.

Test Yourself*A. Write the Bad effect of these changes in the environment. Choose from the choices and write in your notebook.1. cutting of trees2. smoke from vehicles3. using aerosols4. throwing of garbage in rivers5. using harmful chemicals on landair pollution soil pollutiondeforestation water pollutionB. Complete the outline in your notebook. Fill in the needed information from the choices in the box.Bad Effects of Changes in the EnvironmentI. Pollution Burning of Wood A. Air Pollution Loss of Habitat 1. Cigarette Smoke 2. Global Warming 3. Garbage Thrown in Canals B. Water Pollution Harmful Chemical on Soil 1. Human Waste in Drainage 2. Release of CFCs into the Air C. Land Pollution Soil Erosion 1. Improper Disposal of GarbageII. Deforestation A. B. C.III. Depletion of ozone layer A.

BAD EFFECTS OF CHANGES IN THE ENVIRONMENTKey to CorrectionA. 1. deforestation 2. air pollution 3. air pollution 4. water pollution 5. soil pollutionB. I. Pollution A. Air Pollution 1. smoke 2. chlorofluorocarbons 3. acid rain B. Water Pollution 1. garbage thrown in canals 2. human waste in drainage C. Land Pollution 1. harmful chemical on soilII. Deforestation A. Soil erosion B. Loss of living things C. Global warming

GRADE VI BEING PREPARED DURING VOLCANIC ACTIVITIESAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Differentiate an active from an inactive volcano  Describe the harmful effects of a volcanic eruptions  Practice precautionary measures before, during and after volcanic eruptions Try to RecallWhat are found inside a volcano?Complete the puzzle below to recall them. 12 MM D T ON N XI E H 3 CR R E4 L S 5 CSU F R I O ID

ExploreActivity 1Is there a volcano in near your area? Find out when it last erupted.A. 1. Read the article below.Types of Volcanoes From Batanes to jolo, volcanoes dot the whole Philippine Archipelago.There are more than 200 volcanoes in our country. Volcanoes are classified asactive, potentially active or in active. An active volcano is one which has eruptedwithin historic times (about 600 years in the Philippines). In the Philippines, thereare 22 active volcanoes, five of these are considered very active. The five mostactive volcanoes in the Philippines.Time Location Volcano No. of Eruptions1616-1984 Albay Mount Mayon 431571-1977 Batangas Mount Taal 321827-1953 Camiguin Mt. Hibok-Hibok 191852-1994 Sorsogon Mt. Bulusan 171866-1996 Negros Mt. kanlaon 15 Potentially active volcanoes are those suspected of seismic activity likeMount Apo in Davao. Lastly, in active volcanoes show no record of eruption andits form is beginning to change like Mount. Makiling in Laguna. source: Science and Health in Today’s Environment Marcelina M. Miguel et.al p 454

Activity 2 The Mayon Volcano Mount Mayon has the classical conical shape of a strato volcano. It is the most active volcano in the Philippine. Since 1614, Mayon has erupted 47 times. One of these was in 1814 when the entire town of Cagsawa was buried leaving only the church’s steeple. The most recent eruption in 1993, began unexpectedly with an explosion. The initial eruption lasted only 30 minutes but it generated pyroclastic flows that killed 68 people and prompted the evacuation of 60,000 others. Its lower slope is fertile and there is heavy vegetation. However, the soil near the crater is always hot so plants do not grow.Answer these based from the above article1. What type of volcano is Mayon?2. When was its latest eruption?3. What did the initial eruption generated?4. Are there beneficial and harmful effects of volcanic eruptions? List them down.5. Can we consider earthquake as one of the effects of eruption? How?

Activity 3  Check (√) the box that tells the best time to do these measures. Activity Before After1. Give warnings to the residents near the volcano.2. Cultivate the soil around the volcano.3. Stock canned goods and other basic needs.4. Evacuate families and animals to a safer place.5. Harvest ripe or matured crops.6. Plant more trees and crops.7. Clear possible pathways of lava flows.8. Residents are advised to return home.9. Turn off electrical connections.10. Help in rebuilding the community.Read and learn more. When we think of volcanic eruption, we can imagine it as pouring fire on the earth’s surface and burning it. Lava flows out land thick accumulation of volcanic dust may do considerate damage to property. The really destructure feature of volcanic activity is the solid debris. The mixture of debris and gas is capable of moving down the mountainside. No living thing can survive its path. Poisonous fumes and gases coming out of the crater pollutes the environment. But even if volcanoes eruptions are destructive, some geologist still believe that volcanoes may be partly responsible for the air we breathe. Although they send out poisonous fumes, they also send out nitrogen, hydrogen and carbon dioxide. People, animals, and plants need these gases to stay alive. During volcanic eruption, hydrogen and oxygen are release which combine to form water But the most wide spread benefit of volcanic eruption is that they make the soil fertile.

Among the measures necessary before a volcanic eruption to occur are: 1. Disseminate information among affected communities. This should give them time to prepare for possible relocation. 2. Identify possible pathways of lava flows. 3. Seek a safe area for relocation. 4. Store up canned goods and other daily necessities. 5. Pack up clothes and valuables. 6. Bring animals to safety. 7. Harvest crops. 8. Shut down electrical connections of the community. 9. Restrict areas within proximity to possible lava flows.10. Prepare pathways for lava flows.During the eruption is necessary that: 1. People stay in evacuation centers. 2. Cover your mouth and nose with wet cloth. 3. Listen for announcement.After a volcanic eruption, it is important to: 1. Wait for an official advisory from the government if it is safe to return to former abodes or residential areas. 2. Cultivate the land. 3. Await the advisory from the agriculturists if it is safe to plant again. 4. Reconnect electrical services. 5. Help out in rebuilding the community.

I LEARNED THAT:  Volcanoes are openings in Earth’s crust from which magma, ash and gas spurt.  Volcanoes erupt when plates dive under the mantle and melt or split apart.  Volcanoes are active if they send out smoke and steam and occasionally erupts. Inactive or dormant volcanoes have been quiet for hundreds of years but may suddenly erupt.  Volcanic eruptions may bring forth effects that are both beneficial and/or harmful to life and environment.  The benefits may outweigh the harm if precautionary measures before, during and after volcanic eruptions are carefully observed. Apply It Have you heard the Mt. Pinatubo eruption sometime in June 1991 in the province ofPampanga? Do you know that it erupted after more than 400 years of inactivity? 1. What kind of volcano is Mt. Pinatubo? 2. What were the effects of this eruption? 3. What precautionary measures did the government do to help the victims of eruption? 4. How can you help the victims of Mt. Pinatubo?

Test Yourself maybe Inactive*A. Complete the organizers below. Volcano maybe 1. _____________Erupted within the last 2. ______________ 600 years

B. Describe the effects of volcanic eruptions as beneficial or harmful. Write the number of the statement on the correct column below. 1. Displacement of people from their homes. 2. Sickness such as allergies and respiratory ailments. 3. Geothermal power plants, which generate electricity. 4. Materials from a volcano are used in industries. 5. Heat energy from a volcano can make things work. 6. Schooling has been stopped. 7. Absence of work and jobs. 8. Lahar flows. 9. Fields are covered with ashes and volcanic rocks. 9. Makes the soil fertile. 10. Absence of water sources. 11. Causes earthquake. VOLCANIC ERUPTIONBeneficial Effects Harmful Effects

C. Choose the letter of the correct answer. 1. How can you protect yourself from ashes of an erupting volcano? A. Wear helmet. B. Wear a wide-brimmed hat. C. Cover your mouth and nose with a dry cloth. D. Cover your mouth and nose with a wet cloth. 2. The volcano near your place is erupting. What should your family do? A. Hide under the house. B. Spray your house with water. C. Leave your house immediately. D. Strengthen the house with ropes. 3. A volcano erupted a month ago. People returned to their homes. One day it was announced that another eruption might occur. What should your family do? A. Evacuate if necessary. B. Wait until the volcano erupts. C. Ignore the radio announcement. D. Stay in the house and store some food and water.

Key to CorrectionTry to RecallExploration Time Activity 1 Activity 2 Answer these: Activity 3Apply itTest YourselfA. 1. active 2. has not erupted within the last 600 yearsB. Harmful Beneficial 1, 2, 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12 3, 4, 5, 10C. 1. D 2. C 3. A

GRADE VI CHEMICAL CHANGEAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Show how chemical change take place in materials  Observe that a new material is formed when chemical change takes place  Observe that the product of chemical change cannot be brought back to its original form Try to RecallDo you still remember what physical is change? Let us find it out. You may answer nowthe exercises below.A. Put a check mark (√) before each number if the situation shows physical change and a cross mark (x) if not. Write the answer in your notebook. _____1. Cutting a piece of cloth _____2. Freezing water to form ice _____3. Melting gold nuggets to produce gold bars _____4. Evaporating _____5. Lighting a match stick water from uncovered container

ExploreWhat is your favorite fruit? Do you know that ripening of fruits undergo a kind of change called chemicalchange?Activity 1What you need: decayed wood or plant (Options: any rotten food, moldy bread) rusty nail or any rusty object scratch paper matchstick metal dust pan small pot or pan stove or candle 2 tablespoon sugar dissolve in 1 tablespoon water tablespoonWhat to do:1. Observe the decayed wood, rotten food, moldy bread and the rusty nail.2. Burn the paper in the metal dust pan.3. Put the dissolved sugar in the pot and heat on stove or candle. Taste it.Questions:- What made the food spoil?- What happened to the paper after burning?- What happened to the sugar after heating?- What kind of changes happen?Write your answer in a table like the one below: Material How it undergoes Chemical Change nail corrosion or bread fermentation food rotting or paper combustion or sugar

Activity 2What you need:- nail - plate glass bottle with 1 water raw food like egg pot half-filled with water 4- 1 cup vinegar - 1 news paper page or scratch paper 4 4 matchsticks metal dust pan - any unripe fruit like guava or banana plastic bagWhat to do:1. Put a nail in the bottle with water and vinegar. Let it stay for a week. Take note of the changes2. Let the raw food or any seafood stay on a plate for a week. Observe what happens.3. Boil the egg in a pot. (Ask the help of your older sister or brother)4. Burn the newspaper o a metal dust pan. (Ask the help of your older sister or brother)5. Put an unripe fruit like guava in a plastic bag. Name it for then observe for 3 days.Questions:- What happened to the nail after soaking it in vinegar for a week?- What happened to the egg after cooking?- What happened to the paper after burning?- What happened to the unripe fruit after 3 days?- Did chemical change happen?- What is chemical change?

Read and learn more. Chemical change is a change in which substance becomes another substance having different properties Chemical change takes place in rusting combustion decaying burning and cooking. Oxygen takes port is buring.I LEARNED THAT:  In chemical change, properties or characteristics of materials change.  Materials that undergo chemical change cannot be brought back to their original form.  Chemical change takes place through corrosion, fermentation, decomposition and cooking. Apply ItA. Write C if the situation shows chemical change and NC if the situation does not show chemical change. Write in your notebook. 1. moldy bread 2. vegetable salad 3. vinegar-making 4. wood furniture 5. hot charcoal 6. rusty doorknobB. Your window has grills. What would you suggest so they will not get rusty?C. There is left-over food. What would you do so it will not spoil easily?

Test Yourself*A. Copy the situation that tells a chemical change1. spoiled menudo 5. decayed wood2. corroded steel 6. ground pork3. burned meat 7. ripened mango4. cooked pancit 8. decomposing ratB. Make a table like the one below. Complete the information needed Original Material How it undergoes Product chemical change1. pork Cooking adobo or sinigang2. steel r _ s ting ____3. wood _ _ r - ing ___4. melon yeast + _____ oxygen spoiled food5. grapes _____ + ____ oxygen wine6. chicken c_ o_ ing

GRADE VI CHEMICAL ENERGYAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Identify energy and its uses (chemical) Try to RecallTell whether the energy used in each activity is mechanical potential or kinetic._____________________ __________________________________________ _____________________

ExploreIn the following activity, you will learn sources of chemical energy.Activity 1What you need: piece of paper matchWhat to do: 1. Burn completely a piece of paper. 2. Describe the changes that happened: Paper Before Burning Paper After Burning1. 1.2. 2. What new substances were formed after burning? Was heat formed while burning?Did you know that… during chemical change, energy is produced. This energy is known as chemical energy. It is observed as heat and light.3. Trace the energy changes while burning.chemical energy heat and light energy burning

Activity 2What to do:1. Study the process of photosynthesis in plants. During photosynthesis Water + chemical reaction glucose carbon dioxide + light (sugar)  What materials are needed to make food in the leaves of plants?  What happens when these materials undergo chemical reaction in the leaves?  During chemical reaction or chemical change, what energy is produced?  Describe chemical energy in this activity.  What are some uses of chemical energy?  Trace the energy changes ____________energy __________energy light of sun glucose (sugar)

Activity 3What you need:a battery or a flashlighta wirea flashlight bulbWhat to do:1. Switch on the flashlight without battery.  Did it produce light? Why?2. Put battery in the flashlight.  Switch on the flashlight.  Did the flashlight produce light? Why?  What is the source of energy?  Can you tell what happened in the bulb when wire is connected to it after putting batteries?Did you know that… the substances inside the battery chemically react to produce a new substance.3. Name other gadgets/appliances that use batteries. Trace how chemical energy in each is transformed.4. Trace the energy transformation: chemical energy ____________energy stored substances light of flashlilght in battery

Read and Learn More. Food, batteries, and fuels store energy. This stored energy is known as chemical energy. Food stores chemical energy. The food that we eat provides us with energy to do work and keep our bodies warm. Batteries also store chemical energy. When we switch on a battery operated equipment, the chemical energy inside the batteries is changed to electrical energy. This enables the equipment to work. When fuels are burnt, they give off heat and light energy. Some examples of fuels are oil, coal, gas, wood, and charcoal. All fuels store chemical energy. I LEARNED THAT:  Chemical energy is stored in substances. It is released when chemical reaction takes place.  Food, batteries and fuels store energy called chemical energy.  Chemical energy can be transformed to another form.  When battery-operated equipment are turned on, the chemical energy inside the batteries is changed to electrical energy.  The chemical energy stored in fuels are converted to other forms of energy during burning. Apply It Your younger brother likes to eat only fried chicken. He lacks other food nutrients thatmakes him weak and easily get tired. What will you tell him to become healthy and always onthe go?

Test Yourself * The following restore chemical energy tell what each provide us once chemical energy isreleased. A. Food B. Batteries C. Fuels

Key to CorrectionTry to RecallExploration Time Activity 1 Activity 2 Activity 3Apply itTest Yourself in any order digestion gasoline coal photosynthesis burning medicine

COMMON CONSTELLATIONS GRADE VI COMMON CONSTELLATIONAt the end of the module, you should be able to:  Identify the common constellations in the sky  Describe how constellations are useful to people Try to RecallColor the following stars according to their temperature. coolest coolwarm very hot hot

Explore When you look at a cloudless night sky, what do you see? How do they appear?How do you describe them? Can you name some things that resemble their shape, formor pattern?In this lesson, you will learn about common constellations in the sky.Activity 11. You will need 5 sheets of paper and a pencil2. Copy the arrangements of dots in separate sheets and connect the dots following the number to form a pattern.1. 2. 1 2 . . 2. 4. . 1. 3. 3 . 4 5. .5 6. .7

3. 4. 6. 7. 123 4 ... . 6. . . 5. 1 5 . 4. 2 . 3 5. . 1. . 2. 7. .5 . . 3 .6 4. . . .8 . 10 . . 9 Answer the question in your notebook. 1. What are the patterns or shapes that are formed?