2 All page - II_REV08 - En

Research on threatened by floods areas in the CBC region Project “Measures for establishment of flood prevention and quick reaction conditions in Chiprovci and Bolevac”, No CB007.1.31.364 under the Interreg – IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme 2014 - 2020, CCI Number: CCI 2014TC16I5CB007. The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg- IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

TABLE OF CONTENT: 1. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE RIVER BASINS AND CATCHMENTS OF THE CHIPROVTSI AND BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY.......................................................... 3 1.1. CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY ............................................................................................. 3 RELIEF ......................................................................................................................................... 3 CLIMATE..................................................................................................................................... 6 PRECIPITATIONS .................................................................................................................... 8 GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, ORES AND MINERALS ............................................ 12 SEISMICITY ............................................................................................................................. 15 SOILS .......................................................................................................................................... 16 FORESTS ................................................................................................................................... 17 HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ...................................................................................... 17 HYDROMETRIC NETWORK .............................................................................................. 22 UNDERGROUND WATERS ................................................................................................. 22 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................... 23 1.2. BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY................................................................................................. 25 RELIEF ....................................................................................................................................... 25 CLIMATE................................................................................................................................... 27 PRECIPITATIONS .................................................................................................................. 27 HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS ...................................................................................... 28 DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS ........................................................................... 30 2. PAST FLOODS AND DAMAGES IN THE AREA. .................................................................... 31 2.1. REVIEW OF FLOODS IN CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY. ........................................... 31 2.2. REVIEW OF THE FLOODS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BOLEVAC ........................ 34 3. CURRENT SITUATION IN WATER CATCHMENTS - AVAILABLE MEASURES AGAINST FLOODS. ................................................................................................... 35 3.1. CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY ...................................................................................... 35 3.2. BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY............................................................................................ 45 4. IMPLEMENTATION OF MEASURES AT LOCAL AND REGIONAL LEVEL FOR PREVENTION AND RAPID RESPONSE. .............................................................. 56 • CREATING AND MAINTAINING A DATABASE OF PAST FLOODS..................... 56 1 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

• CONSTRUCTION OF STATIONS FOR MEASURING WATER QUANTITIES AND LEVELS.................................................................................................... 56 • CONSTRUCTION OF A METEOROLOGICAL STATION ON THE TERRITORY OF THE MUNICIPALITY...................................................................... 57 • EARLY WARNING SYSTEMS ........................................................................................ 62 • MUNICIPAL PLAN FOR FLOOD RISK ASSESSMENT (MPFRA) AND IDENTIFICATION OF RISK AREAS. .................................................................................... 67 • TOPOGRAPHIC DATA..................................................................................................... 69 • HYDRAULIC MODELING - SELECTION, ADAPTATION, SOFTWARE, DATA................................................................................................................... 78 • MEASURES IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE NATIONAL CATALOG .................... 88 ANNEXES: ANNEX №1 - List of scientific literature used to identify past floods; ANNEX №2 - Questionnaire for past and registration of future floods on the territory of the municipality; ANNEX №3 - Shortened algorithm for elaboration of MPFRA. 2 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

1. A BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE RIVER BASINS AND CATCHMENTS OF THE CHIPROVTSI AND BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY. 1.1. CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY Chiprovtsi Municipality is located in the western part of the Montana region. It includes the lands at the foot of Chiprovtsi Mountain - the highest part of the Western Balkan Mountains. To the northwest, these lands are surrounded by the Lom River, to the south of Lopushanska Ogosta, and to the north by the Shiroka Mountain (Forebalkana), whose slopes rise not far from the Prevalski River bed. The total area of the municipality of Chiprovtsi is 286.8 km2, which is 7.89% of the territory of the Montana region and 0.26% of the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. RELIEF The relief of the municipality of Chiprovtsi is very hilly (Figure 1). Slopes of different inclinations predominate and therefore a different degree of soil erosion is observed. Nearly 400 decares are the eroded areas in the municipality. The general view of the slope of the mountain area to the Pre-Balkan is markedly mountainous, heavily intersected, with relatively long waterfalls with a south-north direction and shorter but steep and very steep lateral ridges. The northern slopes of the Western Stara Planina have a typical mountainous relief with high, clear ridges, steep slopes and deeply cut rivers and valleys. Chiprovska Mountain is the highest part of the Western Stara Planina Mountain and is about 35 km long. It starts from Sveti Nikola saddle and extends to the southeast to the saddle between Debeli rat and Syrovichnitsa. From the northern slopes of the mountain the Ogosta and Lom rivers begin. On the ridge of Chiprovska mountain can 3 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

be seen rounded or coupe-shaped peaks and there are leashes separated with braids, and in places with deep and wide saddles. Figure 1. Hypsometric map of Chiprovtsi Municipality. 4 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

The highest peaks of the western Stara Planina mountain range are located in the Chiprovtsa Mountains: Midzhur Peak - 2168 m, Martinova Chuka Peak - 2011 m, Golyama Chuka Peak - 1967 m, Kopren Peak - 1964 m, Tri Chuki Peak - 1938 m and Mount Vrazha Glava - 1936 m. A long and important branch of Chiprovtsi Mountain is the Yazova Mountain. It starts northeast of Midjur peak and west of Martina's Chuka peak and ends shortly after Kulata Peak, at the foot of which is Chiprovtsi Monastery St. Ivan Rilski. The Chiprovtsi Mountain is built of Paleozoic crystalline rocks and granites, cretaceous limestones, marl and conglomerates of antichlorean. Steep are the northern and northeast slopes of the mountain, dissected by the tributaries of the Ogosta River. Its slopes are south-eastern and southern, where there are natural pastures favorable for the development of pastoral farming (goat-breeding, shepherding) and the cultivation of herbs and wild fruits (raspberries, blackberries, strawberries, etc.). The Shiroka Mountain is part of the Fore Balkan and extends almost parallel to the Western Stara Planina from the ridge of the Salashka-Preval Valley, which enters the area of the village of Prevala and ends with the Verenishka bardo at Ogosta dam. The ridge is oriented west-east and passes through the following peaks: Tipitchen (941 m). Gospodin, Toupankov Chardak, Mechit, Kostin, Tserov peak. From this ridge in the south direction are separated many but short ridges, waterfalls of the left tributaries of the Ogosta River In the northern, foothill area the relief is already hilly. It is distinguished by rounded shapes and in places has a pronounced hilly character. Everywhere, however, it remains clearly distinct orographic, with a well-defined bee and shaped valley net. 5 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

CLIMATE According to the classification of Sabev and Stanev (Climatic regions of Bulgaria and their climate, 1963), the territory of the municipality of Chiprovtsi is located in the European continental climate area, Moderate continental climate suburb. It covers two climatic areas: • Priplaninski climate region - Western Bulgaria; • Mountain climatic region - Middle-mountain part. In Priplaninskiya climatic region climatic conditions are determined mainly by the lower altitude, as are characterized by great diversity and rapid changes in the values of individual meteorological elements due to the rough terrain and the presence of low mountains and foothill ridges deeply cut by river valleys or enclosing separate small valleys. The climate is under the direct and powerful impact of the Stara Planina mountain rising south. Winter is too cold, the average temperature in January is -2.1 ° C. Due to the significant altitude the spring is cool and occurs much later than in the Danube Plain, which leads to a considerable delay in the development of the vegetation of the forest- tree vegetation. Summer is not particularly hot. The average temperature is 16.5 ° C - 22.0 ° C, the average temperature in July is 20.9 ° C. In the higher places, summer heat almost does not feel, as the maximum temperatures do not exceed 31 ° C - 36 ° C. In the autumn in the high parts of the region, average air temperatures remain steadily below 10 ° C already in the first half of October, and in the lowest part of it this is on October 19th. Autumn frosts have little influence on forest-tree vegetation, as vegetation has almost completely ceased. The length of the vegetation period is about 6 months, from mid-April to mid-October. The rainfall regime is strongly influenced by the Stara Planina chain. The winter precipitation is snow, significantly higher than 6 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

rainfall in the Danube Plain, especially when cold air flows. In winter, the average rainfall is the lowest (120-165 mm). The spring sum of precipitation (175-285 mm) is significantly higher than the winter. Summer precipitation fluctuates within quite wide limits (220-350 mm), mainly due to the altitude. Precipitation in autumn (150-215 mm) is significantly lower than in the summer, and because of the low temperatures most of it is snow (70 to 90% of precipitation). The total precipitation increase is reflected in their annual sum - 694 mm, reaching in some places up to 1000 mm, the highest for all non-mountainous parts of the country. The first snow cover is formed by 20.11. And the last one is 01.04. The average winter time is up to 111 days. The snow cover is relatively stable. It has an annual average of about 50 days with snow cover, and in January its thickness reaches 40-50 cm. The Mountain Climatic Region covers areas above 1000 m above sea level. In view of the rapid change of the meteorological elements in the vertical direction, it is divided into two parts: the mid-mountain part (up to 2000 m) and the high mountain part (over 2000 m). Temperatures in height decrease more strongly in the summer and less in winter; therefore the mountain climate is characterized by a small annual amplitude in the temperature and an increase in precipitation. Winter is cold; the average temperature in January is from -3 ° C to -7 ° C. Despite the low average temperatures, the absolute minimum temperatures are not as low as in the neighboring valleys, because the slope of the terrain is significant and there are no favorable conditions for additional radiation cooling of the air. Spring comes late. The average daily temperature remains steady over 10 ° C until the end of May. The summer is cool, the average temperature in July is from 10 ° C to 16 ° C. Autumn in this area has a much more favorable climate. In October the average number of dark days is about 18-12, and on clear days about 6-8. The number of fog 7 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

days in the same month is around 10. The temperature remains steadily above 10 ° C by the end of September, and above 5 ° C by the end of October. The snow cover is distinguished by its strength and thickness. Maximum thickness reaches mid-February (40-60 cm), and in exceptional cases at the end of March reaches 180-220 cm in the higher parts. The duration of the winter is significantly increased (4.5-5 months) at the expense of spring. Precipitation in winter is mostly snow (130-200 mm). Climatically, spring is the most unfavorable season of the year. The sum of precipitation for the months of March, April and May averages 210-300 mm, summer precipitation is 230-400 mm and autumn is 170-250 mm. The annual rainfall rate is continental in nature - winter precipitation is less than summer. A typical climatic feature in the climatic zone is the frequent and strong winds. This is particularly pronounced on open high altitude locations. PRECIPITATIONS Precipitation and evaporation are the two main climatic elements that form the surface water runoff. The typical continental distribution of precipitations with a distinct peak is typical for the region during the warm half-year - May-June and minimum during the cold - February. The annual rainfall in the area ranging from 650- 850 mm. Seasonal rainfall is 153 mm in winter, 236 mm in spring, 252 mm in summer and 186 in autumn. About 60-70% of winter precipitation is from snow. The maximum daytime precipitation in the area is determined by the location and can exceed 100 mm. 8 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Figure 2. Monthly average, minimum and an absolute minimum temperature - v. Berkovitza Figure 3. Average monthly amount of rainfall - Berkovitza In more detail, the climate regime can be traced back to the attached figures illustrating the annual movement of the meteorological elements in the stations representative of the area under consideration. 9 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Figure 4. Average number of clear days based on total cloud cover – Berkovitza Figure 5. Average monthly total cloud cover - Berkovitza 10 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

NW N NE W 25 E 20 15 10 5 0 SW SE S Figure 6. Annual wind rose - Berkovitza Data for air temperature and rainfall are shown in Table 1 and Table 2. Table 1. Air temperature Climatic region with altitude in meters Average Average Average annual annual annual temperature absolute absolute minimum maximum mountain climatic area - Western part 7,0 / 11,0 -22,0 / -17,0 31,0 / 36,0 (300-1000 m above sea level) Mountain climate region - Medium-part 1,5 / 7,0 -21,5 / -20,0 22,0 / 31,0 (1000-2000 m above sea level) 11 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Table 2. The amount of rainfall Climatic region with altitude in meters Sum of annual Month with Month with rainfall in mm maximum minimum rainfall rainfall mountain climatic area - Western part 680-1000 VI II (300-1000 m above sea level) Mountain climate region - Medium-part 760-1150 V-VI II (1000-2000 m above sea level) GEOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, ORES AND MINERALS The geological structure in the area of Chiprovtsi municipality is very diverse. Nearly all geological formations from the Paleozoic to the Quaternary are included. The Paleozoic system (Devon and Perm) is spread in the southwestern part of the area and covers most of the Old Mountains. Here are several types of rock formations, namely Devonian formations, consisting of dibasic volcanic rocks and post-Silurian formations consisting of grenodorites, diorites, porphyry granites and gabro. The Permian Rocks mainly build the territory of the high mountain pasture. The studied area falls into the Berkovska group. The latter is sediment - a volcanogenic association. It is made of magmatites (represented by spilits, keratophores and their pyroclastes). The group's type cut is assembled - composed of the type cuts of the building's bends. The Berkovska bend is revealed both in the nucleus of Berkovski antiklinorium and in the nucleus of Belogradchik. The group is discriminative and transgressive on the Rupa unit of the opholite association. (Gnilli Dol, north of Chiprovtsi). 12 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Berkovska group is a sediment-volcanogenic association. Magmatitite are represented by spilites that often occur among their piroklastiti. These include layered bodies made up of basic magmatites. They vary in thickness from 10 m to 300 m. A large layer body is observed in the western tributary of Blue water east of Martinovo. Its middle parts are formed from small-grained gabro. The group is metamorphosed predominantly in greenish facies. Localized on the greens-like metamorphisms, migraine and anathetic processes have been imposed. The total thickness of the group varies from 1300 m to 1500 m depending on the variable volume of volcano's volumetric. Within the Berkovska group and in particular research area are presented Stublishkata, Zdravchenskata and Slivashkata sviti. The typical cut of the Stublishka ensemble is along the Great river, over the marble quarries south of Berkovitsa. Its name derives from the Stublica spring, southwest of Berkovitsa. Its subsidiary incisions are: Yavorov dol, north of the village of Martinovo and Rouzhski dol north of Chiprovtsi. The ensemble is made up of metamorphosed predominantly pelite sediments, alternating with spirits and keratophores and their pyroclasts. In some places magma components predominate and compose up to two-thirds of the volume of the ensemble. Pellet sediments have been converted into fillets. In the upper part of the ensemble there are lidieth layers with thickness of 1-2 cm thick. Among the fillets there are relatively few layers of quartz siltstones. There are also rare classes of crops and conglomerates. Magma products form bodies of varying sizes and morphology. They are located all over the cut line. Usually in the lower parts of the sediment, alternate basic tufts. A little higher in the profile appear the abundant bodies of keratophores, and then 13 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

a continuous alternation of spilits and keratophores, as well as their pyroclasts with sediments, begins. One of the most important bodies in this complex is located around the Yazovo peak. It is made of diorite porphyritis (subintrusion keratophores) and is 6.5 km long and 1 km wide. Quaternary in the area is represented only as alluvial deposits in the bed of the Long River and deluvial deposits in non-flooded areas and terraces. The rock formations of the Triassic are present in relatively large part of the territory of the region. Lower Triassic is represented by sandy shale, sandstones and conglomerates. The middle Triassic is revealed in the form of a narrow strip of limestone marl and limestone on the southern slope of the region. Upper Triassic is represented by limestone breccia and limestone in the form of a narrow strip also on the southern exposure of the region. The rock formations of Jurassic are represented by limestone, marl limestone, sandy limestone, sandy shale, conglomerates, sandstones and others. Cretaceous is represented by limestone marl, limestone, sandy clay tingle shale. The most common rock are sandstones, occupying 45.2% of the area's wood- producing area. Originally these are sedimentary rocks composed of mechanically bonded sands containing quartz, mica, feldspar and binder. Second, they are the limestone, which occupies 26.7% of the area's wood-producing area. They are also sedimentary rocks, spread mainly on the southern slopes of Shiroka Mountain, in the lands of the villages of Prevala, G. Luka, Mitrovtsi, B. Mel and others. Schists are third in distribution. They are sealed and reinforced clays. The area under investigation is located in the Berkovska anticlinel and in particular in the Chiprovtsi part of the anticline. It is highly erected and deeply eroded, so the alpine structural floor of her mantle is preserved only on the thighs and in the 14 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

form of very narrow strips. Besides, it is asymmetrical with a steep and even hocked north. Due to its strong tectonic treatment, it is preserved only in separate places. Where parts of it are preserved, it is either upright or steeply inclined to the village of Sinatlan in the north, or turned south to the kernel of the structure. This part of the Berkovska anticline is complicated by a number of fault structures, some of which are manifested in her Caledonia-Hercynian nut, and the other, the majority - in its alpine mantle. To Caledonia-Hercynian structural complex are attached numerous and various minerals, which mention will be made below. SEISMICITY The area of Chiprovtsi falls in the seismic zone of the VII degree (MSK) and the seismic coefficient Кс = 0,10. Figure 7. Mineral resources in Bulgaria 15 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

SOILS The soils in the area of the municipality are of class Lessived (Luvisols), gray forest type. On farmland, after proper processing, they have become the so-called anthropogenic, in particular agrogenic. The areas occupied by forest-vegetation areas of mechanical composition are clay-sandy, with the average depths being slightly stony and the shallow stony. The mid-depths are located on the shady expositions and on terrain with a smaller slope, the shallows on the steep and sun-spoted slopes. Gray forest soils have a formed clayey B-horizon formed as a result of the mechanical displacement of finodisperse particles from the surface humus- accumulative A-horizon. The latter is weaker than the B-horizon and lighter in color. The humus content in the A-horizon is relatively small - 1.5-2.5% in old cultivated areas and up to 4-5% under natural vegetation, decreasing sharply in depth. The soil solution is slightly to moderately acidic. Mechanically, gray forest soils range from slightly sandy loam to clayey-sandy. Because they are located in hilly and foothills, often on devastated terrain, they have eroded to varying degrees. Gray forest soils are comparatively low fertile due to the low power of the humus-accumulative horizon and the unfavorable water and air regime caused by the sealed alluvial horizon. The lands are state forest fund, municipal forest fund, agricultural fund - private properties and anthropogenically affected lands after recultivation (former tailings ponds and tailings trace). 16 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

FORESTS The forest fund in the municipality occupies 144 905 decares, or 50.51% of the whole territory of the municipality. The broad-leaved forests predominate: oak, beech, hornbeam, ash and lime. They are also spread around: the owl, the maple, the hawthorn and the juniper. In the valleys of the Ogosta and Prevalsas there are white willow and white poplar. As a result of afforestation, conducted systematically in the last 50-60 years, there are white, black pine, silver pine and fir. Five centuries-old protected trees are preserved and marked on the territory of the Chiprovtsi municipality: 300 years oak in the Jelezna village, 300 years old winter oak in the village of Beli Mel, Blagun tree - 250 years old in the village of Beli Mel, 150 years old summer oak in the village of Chelyustnitsa and 150 years old oak in the village of Chelyustnitsa. HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS In hydrological terms slopes of the mountainous part of Chiprovtsi Municipality differ significantly from the pre-hilly part. In Stara Planina, the rivers and valleys have a relatively steep, longitudinal profile, without many curves and constant water flow. The rivers that spring from the hilly foothills of the forestry have a non-steady water flow and frequent droughts occur. The Ogosta and Prevalska rivers flow through the territory of the municipality. In their catchments, a large number of short and low water tributaries (Figure 8) also fall. Through their waters, the Montana Dam - a strategically important source for the area - is being fed. 17 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

The territory of the water courses and the water areas occupy 2340 decares. Of these 1690 decares is the area of rivers, 104 decares are occupied by dams, ponds and canals. The hydrographic network on the territory of the municipality is determined by the hydrological regime of the Ogosta River and its tributaries. It springs northeast from the Gorno Yazovo (1573.2 m), the Azovska Mountain (in the Chiprovtsi part of the Stara Planina Mountain). The total length is 87.5 km and the catchment area is 3157.1 km2. It flows northeast and before the village of Prevala accepts direction east- southeast. After the village of Erden, it orientates eastward to form sleeves and islands. At the village of Portitovtsi it continues again in the northeast, forming a convex arc in the north and running southeast. Near the village of Lehchevo changes its direction to the northeast. It flows into the Danube River west of the town of Oryahovo. The following rivers pass through the territory of the municipality: - River Levica - It springs under the Ostra Chuka peak (1440.8 m). It flows to the northeast and accepts the waters of several prime tributaries. It flows into the Ogosta river to the right of the Prevala village. - River Rajin dol - short left tributary of the Prevalska Ogosta river, which starts its flow from a spring to the southeast of Tippchen peak (940.6 m) in the Shiroka Mountain. It flows southeast and flows into the main river after the village of Prevala. - Rekata River - the river springs from a spring west of vranski kamak (1223.1 m). it runs northeast. It goes to the right of the prevalska Ogosta River near the village of gorna luka. It drains the eastern slopes with numerous short tributaries of Chukata and the northwest of the Necina chuka. 18 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

- River Ornichky Dol - has a spring that lies between the peaks of Vranski kamak (1223.1 m) to the west and Mitova chuka (1024.9 m) to the east. It runs to the northeast and flows as a right tributary of the Prevalska Ogosta River near the village of Mitrovtsi. - The Chiprovska River - starts its flow northwest of the Golema Chuka (1967.2 m), the Chiprovska Mountain with the name Naydenitsa. Originally it was oriented to the northeast. Prior to the village of Martino, it turns east and then south-east. At the village of Zhelezna, it reaches north-eastern direction and flows to the right of the Ogosta River before the village of Belimel. Martinovo Dam was built before the village of Martinovo. - Chiprovska river tributaries: - River Rastochka - begins its course from a spring in the south of. Gorno Yazovo. Initially, it flows to the south and to the lower southeast. It flows into the Chiprovska River near the village of Martinovo. - The Androvitsa River - springs southeast from the head of the Vrazha Glava peak (1935.7 m), Chiprovska Mountain, a few kilometers from the border with Serbia. It runs north-northeast. It flows into the Chiprovska River as a right tributary before the town of Chiprovtsi. It forms a fan-shaped catchment and a river system of numerous tributaries, among which the longest is the Spasovi Salan River, which springs from a spring southeast of the Vrazha Glava. It runs to the north-northeast, it takes the waters of Kresnin dol to the right, and to the left of the Tipuchka river and flows to the left of the Androvitsa river. 19 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

- The Gnilli Dol river - has its origin southwest of Mitova chuka (1024.9 m), has a meridional, north-southern direction of the flow and flows into the Chiprovska river near Chiprovtsi as a left tributary - The Malki Bukovets River - flows from a spring to the northeast of the Aratchiska Chuka (811.8 m). It runs northeast. The right feeder of the Chiprovska River before the village of Zhelezna. - The Surbin dol river, a very short right-hand tributary of the Chiprovska River, starting east of the Cherni Vrah (975.6 m), runs northwest and flows in at the village of Jelezna. - The Benovershki Dol River – springs south of Mitova Chuka and flows into the Chiprovska River after the village of Jelezna. - - The Parasinski Dol River - springs southwest from the Red Stone peak (811.2 m), has a north-western direction and flows into the Chiprovska River after the village of Jelezna as a right tributary. - The Babichki dol river – starts from the southern slope of Babichki peak (789.2 m). It flows southeast. The left tributary of the Chiprovska River in the lower stream. 20 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Figure 8. Hydrographic network - Municipality of Chiprovtsi 21 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

HYDROMETRIC NETWORK On the Martiniovska River there are two hydrometric stations - No. 87 at the village of Martinovo and 138 at the town of Chiprovtsi. For the purposes of the study, data from HMS on neighboring rivers were also analyzed: Burza River - HMS No. 131; Gorni Lom - HMS 128 and Dulgodelska Ogosta - HMS 137. The data from the mentioned HMS are given in Table 3. Table 3 HMS River Locality F Нср Мо Qo Wo No. (10Е+6, Gorni Lom (km2) (m) (l/s.km2) (m3/s) Gorni Lom m3) 131 Burza Martinovo 19,3 1411 34,7 0,67 21,1 Chiprovtsi 88,5 1102 18,6 1,65 52,0 128 Gorni Lom Dolna Ogosta 24,6 - 20,7 0,51 16,1 35,5 1176 21,1 0,75 23,6 87 Martinovska 41,0 138 Chiprovska 137 Dulgodelska 73,2 1102 17,8 1,30 Ogosta UNDERGROUND WATERS There are no mineral springs on the territory of the municipality. A slight exception is the water of the Sharena tcheshma in Chiprovtsi, which has existed for many years. It contains calcium and fluorine compounds and could be successfully used for the treatment of stomach, liver and bile diseases. Water of the cracked type is represented in the area under consideration. In places of discovery of cracks surface water is non-pressure nature. In the Chiprovtsi region are revealed metamorphic rocks of the Diabaz-phylloidal formation in which is formed a layer of cracked water, nourishing springs with small debits. The Western-Stara Planina cracked water-suppression system covers the western part of the Berkovski anticlinorium. The water-borne system is predominantly 22 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

found in the granitoids that make up the antinclinic kernel and a small part of the diabase-phylloid formation and the jurassic-trias. Several faults come out of thermal water, which gives rise to several springs one of which is in the area in the village of Burziya with a flow rate of 40 l / s. DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS The municipality of Chiprovtsi occupies an area of 286.8 km2, which is 7.89% of the territory of the Montana region, 1.5% of the territory of the region and 0.26% of the territory of the Republic of Bulgaria. The municipality includes 10 settlements, 9 villages and the center of the municipality - the town of Chiprovtsi. As of September 15, 2012 the population of the municipality is 3957 people, of which 51% are women and 49% are men. The distribution of population by settlements is shown in Table 4. Table 4. Distribution of the population by settlements in the municipality of Chiprovtsi Ssettlement Number of inhabitants Chiprovtsi 2069 Beli Mel 239 Gorna Kovatchevitsa 103 Gorna Luka 184 Zhelezna 354 Martinovo 331 Mitrovci 93 Prevala 470 Ravna 48 Tcheliustnica 66 23 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Detailed information on the population distribution of the Chiprovtsi municipality by age and gender according to the census in 2011 is presented in Table 5. Table 5. Population of Chiprovtsi municipality according to NSI data from the 2011 census by sex and age Age Total In the cities In the villages Total Men Women Total Men Women Total Men Women Total 3 715 1 840 1 875 1 887 934 953 1 828 906 922 0-4 70 36 34 45 24 21 25 12 13 5-9 63 28 35 34 15 19 29 13 16 10-14 95 47 48 56 24 32 39 23 16 15-19 112 52 60 66 28 38 46 24 22 20-24 140 84 56 80 44 36 60 40 20 25-29 133 86 47 75 49 26 58 37 21 30-34 147 88 59 93 55 38 54 33 21 35-39 166 93 73 105 62 43 61 31 30 40-44 211 122 89 117 60 57 94 62 32 45-49 234 127 107 133 71 62 101 56 45 50-54 291 168 123 169 96 73 122 72 50 55-59 294 152 142 157 80 77 137 72 65 60-64 399 174 225 187 82 105 212 92 120 65-69 419 191 228 192 86 106 227 105 122 70-74 381 165 216 167 71 96 214 94 120 75-79 277 114 163 106 44 62 171 70 101 80-84 179 80 99 79 33 46 100 47 53 85+ 104 33 71 26 10 16 78 23 55 24 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

1.2. BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY RELIEF Bolevac municipality is situated in the Cherni Timok valley, surrounded by Malinik Mountain in the northwest, the mountains of Rutan, Samanac, Tumba and Slemen in the south and Tupizhnitsa mountain in the southeast. It borders on the municipalities of Razhan, Sokobana, Knjazhevac, Zajecar, Bor, Despotovac, Parachin. Figure 9. Location of Bolevac Municipality Cherni Timok Valley separates the municipality into two parts, the northern part is spacious but less populated (6 settlements), while the southern part is lower, smaller but more populated (14 settlements). The altitude of Bolevac municipality varies from 260 m to 1600 m. The area of the municipality is 827 km2. The territory of Bolevac 25 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

municipality covers 20 settlements, according to the census in 2011, there are 14 654 inhabitants. About 51% of the municipality's territory is occupied by a forest. Of these, 56% are state-owned. Agricultural land is 46.8% of the municipality's territory (38.466 hectares). The majority of the agricultural area is occupied by arable land and gardens - 46.7%, meadows - 28.6%, pastures - 20.2%, orchards - 3.2% and only 1.3% vineyards. Most of the villages of Bolevac were in a hilly mountainous area. These are Bachevitsa, Bogovina, Dobro Pole, Dobruevac, Ilino, Yablanitsa, Krivi vir, Lukovo, Mirovo, Mali Izvor, Podgorac 2 and Ruishte. Table 6. Structure of agricultural land in settlements in Bolevac municipality farmland in hectares fields gardens orchards vineyard meadows total pastures 118.1871 1 Bachevitsa 963.5804 0.7000 48.2033 37.5500 190.6900 1,240.7237 612.4100 116.4458 2 Bogovina 775.1300 3.1000 86.6500 24.3700 1,024.8400 1,914.0900 344.4151 131.2700 3 Bolevac 468.0417 2.4634 31.4576 14.4200 245.5991 761.9818 352.6104 361.6789 4 Valakone 2,205.4800 3.4400 137.4854 65.2076 695.7264 3,107.3394 252.0228 882.8674 5 Vurbovac 1,096.7200 41.1100 28.5200 142.3900 1,308.7400 722.4377 253.3759 6 Dobro Pole 887.3000 3.8100 53.8600 27.7900 250.7400 1,223.5000 612.7000 345.1300 7 Dobruevac 892.7300 7.0900 54.2100 23.4800 340.7000 1,318.2100 228.7325 784.4200 8 Ilino 559.0743 3.7600 39.5121 10.5520 255.1944 868.0928 327.7640 797.0913 9 Yablanitsa 646.4300 7.5600 51.9800 8.5400 727.0600 1,441.5700 143.5863 10 Krivi vir 1,367.1000 1.1800 169.9700 6.0100 1,506.6000 3,050.8600 11 Lukovo 604.7400 4.1100 51.5800 19.2600 546.5200 1,226.2100 12 Mali Izvor 772.1300 3.9000 69.7600 17.9000 571.8500 1,435.5400 13 Mirovo 327.8400 5.4600 37.1600 6.3500 449.0300 825.8400 14 Osnich 1,720.1900 0.1100 97.4000 81.0300 363.2400 2,261.9700 15 Podgorac 1 262.8300 0.0400 21.1700 7.6100 2,281.2700 2,572.9200 16 Podgorac 2 2,125.2734 1.9800 149.6702 59.4972 723.3114 3,059.7322 17 Ruishte 840.7000 1.2400 51.1000 13.4800 354.8500 1,261.3700 18 Savinac 324.7407 0.1400 18.5400 18.3700 85.5200 447.3107 26 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

19 Sumrakovac 1,325.0400 2.7800 42.2400 50.0000 235.0300 1,655.0900 100.7595 Total 18,165.0705 52.8634 1,253.0586 519.9368 10,990.1613 30,981.0906 7,487.9047 CLIMATE Serbia is surrounded by warm seas (Adriatic, Aegean and Black Seas) and on north by the European continent. Another important factor that determines the climate is the relief. It can be said that in the northern part of Serbia the climate is continental, in the southern - moderate continental and mountainous in the high mountains. Winter in Serbia is short, cold and snowy while the summers are warm. The coldest month in Bolevac is January, and the warmest month in July. The average annual temperature is 10.5 ° C. The average annual air humidity is around 75%. The annual humidity regime shows maximum value during the winter months and minimal in the summer (July, August). The duration of sunshine is approximately 2000 hours per year, with a maximum value in July and a minimum of December. The dominant winds in this area blow from the northeast, east and northwest direction. PRECIPITATIONS Most rain falls during the summer months, as evidenced by Table 7. Table 7. The average monthly rainfall for the period April to September 2002 - 2017 Rainfall (mm/m2) Year April May June July August September total 2002 87,0 72,5 35,8 107,5 83,0 97,5 483,3 2003 106,5 66,2 49,2 43,5 2,0 86,5 353,9 2004 8,5 40,0 88,5 38,2 62,0 / 237,2 27 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Year Rainfall (mm/m2) 2005 April May June July August September total 2006 49,6 21,1 453,9 2007 40,2 73,3 25,3 115,3 169,3 26,6 362,8 2008 20,8 48,6 273,1 2009 55,0 25,2 97,2 52,8 120,8 79,4 320,3 2010 15,0 48,0 230,0 2011 72,0 94,5 29,4 9,7 70,1 48,0 388,0 2012 12 169,0 2013 6 21,4 43,5 79,0 42,0 9,10 263,3 2014 84 61 199,8 2015 31 13,0 77,0 62,0 15,0 113 650,0 2016 96 18,6 131,4 2017 28,3 57,0 94,0 88,0 29,0 32.5 301,0 17.2 7.1 340.9 61.1 24 53 74 0 67,8 9,4 92,4 0,6 66 30 4,8 7 134 140 55 112 23,2 27,7 10,9 22,7 69.2 85.4 65.4 31.3 91.0 5.3 58.0 24.6 Fluctuations in annual rainfall in the analyzed periods are significant and vary in the following ranges: • Bolevac 549 - 916 mm • Podgorac 392 - 1061 mm • Lukovo 492 - 1015 mm • Krivi Vir 530 - 966 mm The decrease in annual rainfall amounts to the whole territory to a greater or lesser extent. Rainfall has been decreasing since 1982. HYDROLOGICAL CONDITIONS Bolevac municipality is rich in water resources. The main river is Cherni Timok, and a number of tributaries flow into it. The main tributaries are Radovanska 28 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

River, Mirovshtitza, Arnauta and Zlotska Reka. In turn, the Cherni Timok River flows into the Timok River. A large number of settlements are located in the valleys of the Cherni Timok River and its streams. At the spring of the Cherni Timok River there is the village of Krivi Vir, and further downstream are the villages of Lukovo, Yablanitsa, Mali izvor, Valakone village, Bogovina village, Savinac village and the village of Sumrakovac. At the Arnautta River, the right tributary, are located Dobro pole, the village of Dobruevac, the village of Bollevac, the town of Bolevac, the village of Mali izvor and the village of Valakone. On the Golema River, a left tributary of the Cherni Timok River, are located the villages of Podgorac and Bogovina. On the river Zlotska, left tributary, is the village of Sumarakov. The Valakonska River, a right river, is located in Balakone. 29 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Figure 10. Hydrographic network municipality Bolevac DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS On the territory of the municipality live 12865 inhabitants (according to the latest population census from 2011), which represents a low population density of 15.55 people per 1 km2. The population lives in 21 settlements, 25 local communities. The population in rural areas is about 9000, while there are about 4000 people in the city. Municipality is characterized by broad demographic underdevelopment (population decreases). This is particularly pronounced in rural areas, where the 30 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

population is declining rapidly as a result of the large number of elderly people (residents over the age of 60 are 4,554) and partly due to the displacement that is still ongoing. In villages in the Cherni Timok valley, this problem is less pronounced due to reduced emigration. Of the total population over 53% are women. In the overall structure of the economically active population, the population employed in the agricultural sector amounts to more than 8000 and the employed in the economy and the public sector more than 1800. Rural areas are characterized by a low educational structure (semi-literacy, completed fourth grade or no education). 2. PAST FLOODS AND DAMAGES IN THE AREA. 2.1. REVIEW OF FLOODS IN CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY. Increasing heavy rainfall often causes sudden flooding in different parts of the Ogosta catchment. For the last 10 years, there are several such cases for the municipality of Chiprovtsi. A brief description of the events and the damages caused is presented below. The information about these events is often scanty and insufficient due to the poor coverage and lack of archives in the Chiprovtsi municipality for similar events but also due to the lack of nearby hydrometric and meteorological stations to record accurate rainfall and water quantities. 1 August 2007 A flood was recorded in the town of Chiprovtsi caused by the high waters of the Ogosta River. 4-5 September 2014 31 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

A flood was recorded in the town of Chiprovtsi. The reasons are torrential rains and river spills. According to the National Institute of Meteorology and Hydrology (NIMH) at the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences twenty-four-hour fell was 64 l / m2. Chiprovska Ogosta River comes out of its bed. There are flooded cellars, houses, courtyards and road sections and drowned animals. No injured people. The flood protection plan was introduced in Chiprovtsi. A flood protection plan was put into operation by order of the Montana district governor. 9 November 2016 A flood in the town of Chiprovtsi, caused by torrential rains, was registered. The measured rainfall is 70 l/m2 per twenty-four-hour. Detailed sources of information on past floods throughout the country and in particular the municipality of Chiprovtsi have been studied in order to collect additional data for other events occurring in the region. A number of articles and reports of conferences, methodologies and scientific books have been dealt with. A list of the literature used for this study is presented in Appendix 1. The analysis shows that the available and easily accessible information is scarce and poorly recorded and reflected. In the preliminary flood risk assessment for the territory of the Danube River Basin Directorate, a study was carried out on the potential danger of future floods. According to the criteria set out there, the town of Chiprovtsi is defined as an area with potential danger of future flooding with a security of 1% according to the relevant criteria. According to this modeling, all categories of adverse effects will be affected - \"human health\", \"economic activity\", \"environment\" and \"cultural heritage\". 32 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Table 8. Assess the risk of potential future flood with probability 1% Identification ID SIGNIFICANCE: YES number CHPR Location Municipality Populated place (UCATTU - ЕКАТТЕ) Chiprovtsi Chiprovtsi (81390) (MON36) River basin Project unit Main river valley River Project unit 2 – Ogosta Ogosta, Ogosta River Chiprovska Category Potential future flood with probability 1% Morphological Area (km2) Area (km2) Average Average depth characteristics of urbanized Depth (m) (m) in urban territories areas 0.66 0.28 0.58 0.51 Type and size of the Category: Affected residents Thres- Damage in modeled adverse hold: figures: effects Human health 100 362 (number) Critical 10 Infrastructure (number) Wells and pumping 1 0 stations (number) Economic General damage 100 000 exceeds the activity EUR threshold (BGN) Damages in urb. territories exceeds the threshold Infrastructure 10 (number) Environ- Sewerage, 11 ment UWWTP (number) Protected Areas 10 (number) Pollution IPPC / 10 SEVESO (number) Pollution (others) 1 (number) 33 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Cultural National 11 Heritage Monuments / (number) UNESCO Other important Affected people; business damage; UWWTP; cultural object information no registered past floods Information on the number of past floods in the area 2.2. REVIEW OF THE FLOODS IN THE MUNICIPALITY OF BOLEVAC In the municipality of Bolevac in recent years there has been an increase in the number of floods with substantial damage. Some of them affect more than one settlement and cause significant damage to infrastructure, business, the environment, population and property. Below is a brief description of some of the floods over the past 10 years. December 2009 A flood was recorded in Podgorac. Damages were caused on private buildings. February 2010 A flood was recorded in Lukovo. Damages were caused on private buildings. February 2013 A flood was recorded in Lukovo. Damages were caused on private buildings. May 2014 Floods were recorded in Valakone, Lukovo, Osnich, Podgorac, Bogovina, Bachevitsa, Dobro Pole, Dobruevac, Yablanitsa, Mali Izvor, Ruishte, Sumarakov. Damage to private buildings, infrastructure damage for 165,839 Euros, damages to fruit plantations and forests amounting to 517,570 Euro and damage to agricultural land for 142,525 Euro. 34 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

2016 A flood was recorded in Lukovo, Valakone, Podgorac. Infrastructure damage has been inflicted. 2017 A flood was recorded in Valacone. Infrastructure damage has been inflicted May/June 2018 A flood was recorded in Osnich, Varbovac, Bachevica, Bollevac. Infrastructure damage was incurred for 166,785 euros. 3. CURRENT SITUATION IN WATER CATCHMENTS - AVAILABLE MEASURES AGAINST FLOODS. 3.1. CHIPROVTSI MUNICIPALITY The flood protection plan of the municipality of Chiprovtsi mentions some of the measures to prevent or reduce the risk of floods that have been or are to be undertaken to ensure the protection of the population and property. To reduce the effects of floods, a preliminary flood risk assessment is carried out to identify the areas with a potential flood risk or the potential for a significant flood risk. For a fuller picture of the consequences of the alleged flood and the measures to be taken in relation to this, it is appropriate to develop possible flood scenarios for the municipality; on the basis of the scenarios developed, information on the possible floodplains, the threatened population, the endangered infrastructure and the environment, and hence what measures to build additional facilities, to strengthen and 35 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

use the building stock, to build systems for monitoring, early warning and disclosure, (SMEWD) to form and attract response forces. The plan also mentions measures to be taken in the event of floods to protect the population: 1. Temporary removal of population and material assets from flood-affected areas. 2. Temporary accommodation of population from flood-affected municipalities in the region in pre-defined areas. 3. Determine landings for URS forces from other non-affected municipalities. 4. Assessing the needs of food, water, medical devices and products and others. 5. Implementation of drainage actions in flood-affected area. 6. Clearing of roads and facilities from deposits, restoration and construction of dykes due to damages caused by the flood. 7. Clearance of drowned from the flood animals. 8. Disinfection, disinsection and deratization in the area of flooding and water monitoring. 9. Communications organization for timely public disclosure and coordination of URS forces. 10. Ensure legality and order in case of more than one destitute municipality affected by the flood. 11. Logistics in case of more than one destitute municipality affected by the flood. 12. Providing transportation to more than one distressed municipality. 13. Health and medical insurance in the flood area. 14. Restoration and support of the affected infrastructure and population in the flood area. 36 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

In addition to the measures outlined in the flood protection plan, other existing measures are the Early Warning System, river corrections and the regular cleaning of river beds to prevent major impacts from heavy rainfalls and rivers swell. A project for \"Closure and rehabilitation of the Golyam Bukovets\" tailing pond and a correction of the river bed of Golyam Bukovets River in the territory of the town of Chiprovtsi, Chiprovtsi municipality, Montana region\". The sealing of the tailing pond will help to prevent contamination of water and the environment in case of floods in the Golyam Bukovets river. Photo 1 37 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 2 Photo 3 38 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 4 Photo 5 39 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 6 Photo 7 40 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 8 Photo 9 41 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 10 Photo 11 42 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 12 Photo 13 43 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 14 Photo 15 44 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 16 More photos are given in an electronic version at the annexes of the development. 3.2. BOLEVAC MUNICIPALITY The flood protection plan in Bolevac municipality outlines some of the measures currently available. The following measures shall be taken in the implementation of the flood protection organization: preventive measures, measures in case of imminent danger, protection measures and flood-relief activities, and mitigation measures. • Preventive measures against floods In order to reduce the harmful impacts of water and minimize the effects of floods, it is necessary to take certain preventive protective measures by: 45 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

1. Ensuring that the general and basic conditions for protection against accidents and floods are defined in the process of drafting and adopting town-planning plans, rules and construction. 2. To constantly work to raise the level of flood protection by developing and implementing technical documentation for the construction and reconstruction of the protection lines; 3. Performing anti-erosion work, mainly through afforestation and recultivation of landslides. 4. Construction of missing protective embankments, maintenance of existing and coastal support. 5. Deepening river beds where there is flooding. 6. Construction of drainage channels and their maintenance. 7. Recover damage to facilities and ensure greater permeability. 8. Continuously works on the construction and reconstruction of the security lines. 9. Improve surveillance systems, connections and coordination for task execution. 10. Take measures to clean the river beds, canals and ramps. 11. Training citizens to protect and rescue in case of flood through personal and mutual protection, where the bearer is any local community for their area. 12. Training flood protection and rescue businesses and engaging with their assignments in their plans for protection. 13. To train volunteer organizations (Red Cross, etc.) and to define tasks that are activities related to water. 14. Training members of emergency personnel to manage flood protection and rescue operations. 15. Ensure an increase in the overall level of flood information and knowledge. 46 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

16. Determining available resources: technical, administrative, financial, personnel and training, including preparation of annual budget resource needs. • Measures for protection in case of imminent dan An obvious flood risk on the territory of Bolevac municipality arises when the weather conditions are extremely unfavorable (long-lasting rainfall, sudden melting of the snow cover). To prevent the occurrence of flood damage, the following measures are taken: 1. Regular monitoring and observation of water levels in rivers. 2. Activation of the main headquarters for emergency situations in the municipality of Bolevac. 3. Maintenance of companies ready and equipped for flood protection and rescue. 4. Informing the population about possible flooding and take the necessary preventive protection measures. Another measure for flood protection in the municipality of Bolevac is the Population Active Alert System. Warning of the population and other security and rescue subjects is carried out by the population warning system - sirens. The signaling is performed by the operating centers 112 by transmitting the warning signal and notifying the occurrence and passing of the hazard. The decision to broadcast the alert signal is determined by the ongoing threat assessment of natural disasters and other accidents in accordance with the established procedure. In Bolevec, there are 3 sirens from the Population Alert System that are being used. 47 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 17 Photo 18 48 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.

Photo 19 Photo 20 49 The project is co-funded by EU through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria–Serbia Programme This publication has been produced with the assistance of the European Union through the Interreg-IPA CBC Bulgaria-Serbia Programme, CCI No 2014TC16I5CB007, 2014-2020. The contents of this publication are the sole responsibility of Chiprovtsi, Alternative and Development – CHAR and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Union or the Managing Authority of the Programme.