NHỮNG BÍ MẬT VỀ CHIẾN TRANH VIỆT NAM

["ch\u1ecdn b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hay giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c, d\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn n\u0103m 1964 -1965, th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho McNaughton \u1edf Washington, n\u01a1i t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Kennedy v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961, kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 t\u00f4i n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t \u00edt v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam. Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1edbi S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00e0 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1961, hh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u tr\u01b0\u1edbc chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a Taylor -Rostow. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7m d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vui m\u1eebng khi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Kennedy nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u, \u00f4ng ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u00f3m theo \u0110\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean ch\u00faa ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u0103ng s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u0103m 1961, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng sai l\u1ea7m. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u00e0m t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Kennedy n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0m theo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a Walt Rostow v\u00e0 Maxwell, hai trong nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed t\u1edbi S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a b\u1ed9 binh M\u1ef9 sang. Sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i, t\u01b0\u1edbng Taylor v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1edbi chi vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady. \\\"T\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c trong ph\u1ea1m vi b\u00ean trong bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\\\"[76]. Taylor n\u00f3i, v\u00e0 \\\"\u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\\\". Khi \u00f4ng ta tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \\\"C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fang khi suy lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng Taylor kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 sang v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y\u2026 Trong khi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n, t\u01b0\u1edbng Taylor nghi\u00eang v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1\u2026 \\\"[77]. T\u1eeb t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ngu xu\u1ea9n. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u l\u00fd do c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n sang. Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang y\u00ean t\u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang d\u1ea5n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft hay kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 nghe hay ch\u01b0a v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3? Taylor v\u00e0 Rostow h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta ph\u1ea3i nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb, gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111\u1ecdc","nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o gi\u1ed1ng nhau. L\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0m sao h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, r\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, v\u1edbi m\u00e1y bay tr\u1ef1c th\u0103ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia, l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xoay chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh? T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961 m\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i sai l\u1ec7ch \u0111i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o. Theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u00fd do quan li\u00eau n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i. Ho\u1eb7c n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i, th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i nghe t\u1eeb nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec l\u1ea1c quan, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00e0 li\u1ec7u l\u1eddi cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0a sang kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u M\u1ef9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng - n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng chi ph\u00ed, hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh nh\u00ecn, nghe th\u1ea5y, l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, m\u00e0 Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi sang, ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhu c\u1ea7u. T\u1ea1i sao c\u0169ng nh\u1eefng thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 v\u1eeba n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t th\u1eadt th\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c cho Maxwell Taylor? H\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba \u00f4ng ta th\u1eadm t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u01b0 ngay c\u1ea3 khi h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa? Hay c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00f4ng ta mu\u1ed1n l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng? Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1967 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1961 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec chung nh\u1ea5t r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong su\u1ed1t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a David Halberstam v\u00e0 M. Athur, Jr. Schlesinger. \u0110\u00e2y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong b\u00e3i l\u1ea7y; r\u1eb1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n \u1edf Washington, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi cho nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961, Schlesinger vi\u1ebft: \\\"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \\\"ti\u1ebfn t\u1eebng m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t\\\" - m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i m\u1edbi lu\u00f4n h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n m\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may khi \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i\\\"[78]. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng n\u00f3 trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo, Schlesinger kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \\\"M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn trong cam k\u1ebft s\u00e2u h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem x\u00e9t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ee3p l\u00fd nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u1ed1i c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, khi h\u1ed3i t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1i, m\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo, cho t\u1edbi khi ch\u00fang ta nh\u1eadn ra ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 ra, m\u1ed9t v\u1eebng \u0111\u1ea5t chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o mong mu\u1ed1n hay d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson\\\"[79]","Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 xem ra c\u00f3 v\u1ebb h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a McNamara - ho\u1eb7c, v\u00ec n\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c. T\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n khi \u1edf L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft Schlesinger, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u00e3 sai l\u1ea7m khi d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u00fd l\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 cho s\u1ef1 leo thang c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ra r\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1967, th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1964-1965 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a bi quan. X\u00e9t cho c\u00f9ng, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea1c l\u1ed1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m kh\u00f4ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan m\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9p cho v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u1edf Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Walt Rostow v\u00e0 Bob Korner th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng suy lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean ph\u1ea1m vi r\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m, ho\u1eb7c bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i, v\u00ec s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch sai l\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i v\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00ean vai nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, nh\u1ea5t \u1ec9\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n t\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c h\u01a1n cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng (N\u1ebfu Nga Ho\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft\u2026!\\\"). Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c McNamara, Korner v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec7m \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1c quan c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1966-1967 c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u0103m 1962-1963, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50 v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 huy Ph\u00e1p th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u1eefng n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua, m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n: nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng ki\u1ec3u l\u1ea1c quan gi\u1ea3 d\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00e0nh c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng cam k\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n (tr\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Truman vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp cho Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950, cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Eisenhower v\u1edbi Di\u1ec7m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1954, v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Kennedy ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Geneva v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 n\u0103m 1961. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a McNamara, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. M\u1ecdi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u li\u00ean quan m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a bi quan trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, ch\u1ee7 t\u00e2m che gi\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn, nh\u01b0 trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u0103m 1964-1965. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u1edf L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a C\u1ee5c T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng","D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 - 1960, m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c CIA \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi chuy\u1ec3n sang n\u0103m 1961. C\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng trong t\u1eebng n\u0103m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh quan tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1c quan ho\u1eb7c d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. Tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u00f4ng khai, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0o trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra cho Truman v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950 hay Eisenhower v\u00e0o th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 1954-1955. Ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Kennedy v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961 v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 cho Johnson v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1c quan h\u00e3o huy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1eb7c ngay trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho s\u1ef1 leo thang ti\u1ebfp ngay sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u0111i k\u00e8m v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c u \u00e1m, bao g\u1ed3m m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u ng\u1ea7m trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng cam k\u1ebft m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. V\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, c\u00e1ch l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c leo thang d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. T\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 1961 v\u00ec t\u00f4i lu\u00f4n b\u0103n kho\u0103n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a Kennedy \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1eady? Li\u1ec7u \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi: gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p cho nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9-1961 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Taylor v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c: v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea duy\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng. Nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t khi t\u00f4i n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Taylor, nh\u1eefng khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00e1p l\u00fd m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng c\u00e1o b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 sai l\u1ea7m. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1. Maxwell Taylor \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng khuy\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. Taylor c\u0169ng t\u1ecf \u00fd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u sang. M\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i (\u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh), trong t\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt \\\"Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng\\\" (\\\"Eyes only for the president\\\") Taylor kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 g\u1ee3i \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam \\\"m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5\\\"[80], m\u00e0 c\u00f2n n\u00f3i \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i\u2026 Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1ebfu thi\u1ebfu n\u00f3 (qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 - ND). \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m 6 \u0111\u1ebfn 8 ng\u00e0n","l\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi sang: M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 thanh th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u1edf Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0ng n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u0103ng l\u00ean n\u1ebfu g\u1eedi th\u00eam qu\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n. N\u1ebfu k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n \u1edf b\u00ean trong mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n n\u00e0o cho s\u1ef1 cam k\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta (tr\u1eeb phi ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n l\u1ef1c \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). \u00d4ng ta c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c trong \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 g\u1eedi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh hay nh\u1eefng suy lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1c: r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y d\u0129 nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, r\u1eb1ng g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba ph\u1ea3i ban \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tham chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi sang th\u00ec, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t (m\u00e0 Kennedy ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u00f4) s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng McNamara vi\u1ebft trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ghi nh\u1edb b\u00e1o c\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3, n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng ta, c\u1ea5p ph\u00f3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, Roswell Gilpatric, v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n th\u00ec: \\\"Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111ang ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n (s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 sang v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn). Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng suy lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Taylor r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n n\u00f3 s\u1ebd v\u00f4 d\u1ee5ng khi l\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a Di\u1ec7m t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Theo nh\u01b0 McNamara v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n, 8.000 binh s\u0129 ban \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \\\"c\u00e1n c\u00e2n nghi\u00eang ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda\\\"[81]. H\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb - gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 Taylor v\u00e0 Rotstow \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m - r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \\\"t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh cam k\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n\\\"[82], v\u00e0 \u0111i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi cam k\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0m theo \\\"m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n t\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a \u00e1c li\u1ec7t ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo c\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, th\u00ec cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cam k\u1ebft qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p c\u00f4ng khai\u2026 T\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ed1i \u0111a tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n cho v\u00f9ng \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 6 S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c kho\u1ea3ng 205.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi\\\"[83]. Nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c - ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1966, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 2 n\u0103m sau ch\u00fang ta","v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 g\u1ea5p 3 l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf. C\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf s\u00e1ch gi\u1ed1ng nhau, c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf gi\u1ed1ng nhau, c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn c\u1ee7a MC George Bundy - tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 An ninh qu\u1ed1c gia - v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 William Bundy, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 nh\u01b0 tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 an ninh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf - ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tham gia x\u1eed l\u00fd v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Geneva v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang \u1edf CIA. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea5p cao n\u00e0o tr\u1eeb B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao l\u00e0 Rusk. S\u1ef1 e d\u00e8 c\u1ee7a Rusk v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft hay quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch an to\u00e0n m\u00e0 b\u1edfi v\u00ec \u00edt nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Di\u1ec7m, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1edbi l\u00e0m kh\u00e1c \u0111i. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Rusk c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o Kennedy: \\\"N\u1ebfu Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng tin v\u00e0o c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n t\u1eed kh\u00f4ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00ec th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Trong khi tham gia nh\u1eefng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u1ea3 thi c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng Nam \u00c1, t\u00f4i ng\u00e1n ng\u1ea9m ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m t\u0103ng v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u0111i t\u1edbi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i\\\"[84]. Tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Rusk, th\u1ef1c ra m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 (m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1) c\u1ea7n th\u00eam hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n cho th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Rusk c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Di\u1ec7m (v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i) l\u00e0m cho Di\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t \\\"con ng\u1ef1a thua cu\u1ed9c\\\" m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111i ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa; ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea5p ph\u00f3 c\u1ee7a Rusk, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao George Ball, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y qua vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 1961 cho d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a McNamara l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n chi\u1ec1u h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111ang x\u1ea5u \u0111i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn, h\u00e3y t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. T\u1ed1t th\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Taylor v\u00e0 c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta khi c\u00f2n \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng nghe v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin g\u00ec kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tri\u1ec3n v\u1ecdng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u1eefng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tin t\u1ee9c, c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 sai l\u1ea7m. T\u1ea1i sao ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch. N\u1ebfu T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1eadn - l\u00e0","s\u1ebd g\u1eedi c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn - th\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u00edch khi n\u00f3i s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y hay nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eedi nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u01a1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i b\u0103n kho\u0103n m\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch, l\u00e0m c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 Kennedy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u00edt \u0111i? Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c n\u00e0y; thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u00e0o c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i r\u1ed1i r\u1eafm c\u1ee7a Schlesinger tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1i m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961 c\u1ee7a Kennedy c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Johnson v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965 hay c\u1ee7a Truman v\u00e0 Eisenhower tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. B\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u1ea7m ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 quan li\u00eau hay s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong m\u1ed7i n\u0103m kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00f3 - tr\u00e1i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u0103m m\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 - c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o th\u1ef1c th\u1ee5 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi n\u00f3i th\u1eadt h\u01a1n hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 bi quan c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y, r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd hay kh\u00f4ng? V\u00ec v\u1eady v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111i t\u1edbi l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u01b0a ra. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed7i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch leo thang r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang ch\u1ecdn l\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, th\u00ec sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o c\u00e1i g\u00ec? T\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n hay \u00edt h\u01a1n? H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed7i T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1u l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o? Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1eed c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1eed m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Kennedy th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i nh\u1ecf n\u1ebfu so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch leo thang sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Johnson, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed9i t\u00ecnh t\u1eeb c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. N\u00f3 c\u0169ng \\\"kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac\\\" hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m - b\u1edfi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 nh\u01b0 \\\"l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng\\\". \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Johnson. Th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0, v\u1edbi Kennedy, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 Johnson, ch\u00ednh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111ang l\u1eeba g\u1ea1t \u00f4ng ta. Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 d\u00ednh l\u00edu c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 cho uy t\u00edn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 t\u00e1i x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng cam","k\u1ebft hoa m\u0129 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta - kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta d\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 - trong khi lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 Rusk, c\u0169ng mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n cam k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? T\u00f4i nhanh ch\u00f3ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00ecnh x\u00e9t quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Kennedy, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 n\u00f3, t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1967 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c u\u1ef7 vi\u00ean qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi nh\u00e1nh h\u00e3ng truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh CBS tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u d\u00e0i c\u0169ng theo nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00f3m c\u1ea5p cao kh\u00e1c k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3: nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1i c\u00e3i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 l\u1eeba b\u1ecbp v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 \\\"ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9\\\", v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nh\u1eefng d\u00ednh l\u00edu c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. V\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i - c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang - r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o bi quan m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 m\u00e0 Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi sang l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng tho\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng, m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 cam k\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf v\u00e0 Johnson \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u1eefa. Boby Kennedy c\u0169ng l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng ta h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe t\u1eeb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u00f3. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i b\u1eefa tr\u01b0a, Frank Mankiewicz, th\u01b0 k\u00fd b\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Kennedy, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng Kennedy mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n th\u00eam v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u00e0 g\u1ee3i \u00fd t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng. Trong xe Kennedy n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta r\u1ea5t th\u00edch nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i n\u00f3i, n\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111i\u1ec1u \u00f4ng ta ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u00eam. T\u00f4i m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 g\u1eb7p Bobby c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y 3 n\u0103m, khi \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng ch\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00fd l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng cho ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao, m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta mong mu\u1ed1n sau n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng ta tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 tin l\u1eafm v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed nh\u1edb t\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n \u00f4ng ta trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea1i B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1eadt cao m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 l\u00ean l\u1eeda Cuba th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1962. \u00d4ng ta n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t \u00fd: \\\"C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra trong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u00f3 thu h\u00fat s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u2026 n\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec?\\\" \u00f4ng ta nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1ea7n, ng\u1eabm","ngh\u0129 m\u1ed9t l\u00fac, sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00ecn th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o t\u00f4i v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \\\"S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Vienna di\u1ec5n ra khi n\u00e0o?\\\" \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh \u1edf Vienna v\u1edbi Khruschev g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \\\"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u n\u0103m 1961\\\" \u00d4ng ta n\u00f3i: \\\"Th\u1ebf \u00e0!\\\" v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00ecn l\u00ean tr\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 ngh\u0129 ng\u1ee3i, sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb g\u00ec l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u h\u1ed5. T\u00f4i th\u1ea7m ngh\u0129 \\\"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ngo\u1ea1i giao \u01b0?\\\" Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u, tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 tin v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u01a1n. L\u00e0 ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh trong Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7n sau khi m\u1ea5t \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh (Kennedy b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t th\u00e1ng 11-1963 - ND) c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha \u0111ang b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t, ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u00f4ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m. \u00d4ng ta h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i v\u1eeba m\u00f4 t\u1ea3. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t m\u1eebng v\u00ec c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e0m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng ta v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch trong d\u1ef1 \u00e1n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a McNamara, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Kennedy \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh n\u0103m 1961. T\u00f4i k\u1ec3 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng b\u0103n kho\u0103n h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft b\u1edfi s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra. Trong khi b\u00e1c b\u1ecf vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i tai nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean kh\u1ea9n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cao c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 ngu ng\u1ed1c; \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean t\u1ed3i. Nh\u01b0ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u00ednh l\u00edu s\u00e2u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta trong khi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn l\u1edbn trong \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p n\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf, th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn (l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean - ND) ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Bod l\u00e0 th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ti\u00eau tan c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. Li\u1ec7u \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1edb l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng? T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng (t\u1ee9c Bod - ND), nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, m\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean t\u00f4i n\u1eafm l\u1ea5y c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng ta ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta mu\u1ed1n gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng anh t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng g\u1eedi c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 n\u00e0o t\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, anh \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u1eafc n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u1edf v\u00e0o ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam b\u00ean ph\u00eda ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u00f3 m\u1eb7c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn cho M\u1ef9, v\u00e0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng","ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u01a1n g\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y\\\". T\u00f4i n\u00e0i \u00e9p \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i th\u00eam. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1964 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1965 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 s\u1ef1 d\u00ednh l\u00edu c\u1ee7a l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u1ebft y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ebd c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat lui hay ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn thua cu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t h\u01a1n l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1961. N\u1ebfu Kennedy c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd l\u00e0m g\u00ec? Bobby tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng theo c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m cho nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111\u00e1ng tin h\u01a1n: \\\"Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 anh t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0m trong nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 n\u0103m 1964 hay 1965. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 anh \u1ea5y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c s\u1ebd \u0111i theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc c\u00e1i m\u00e0 anh \u1ea5y mong \u0111\u1ee3i. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng anh \u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1eed c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb tr\u00ean b\u1ed9 sang\\\". T\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u00f3c b\u00faa. Li\u1ec7u John F. Kennedy c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n r\u01a1i v\u00e0o tay C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, thay v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n sang? Bobby l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u00f4i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec1m t\u0129nh: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i tung l\u00ean. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta r\u00fat \u0111i ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc l\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf L\u00e0o\\\". T\u1ea1i L\u00e0o, Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n binh v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng ta trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai, \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi L\u00e0o. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Bobby m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng J.K. Kennedy \u1ea5p \u1ee7 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \\\"gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi L\u00e0o\\\" cho Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng n\u00e0o v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c Lyndon Johnson hay Richard Nixon \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Bobby l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, \u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng coi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o Kennedy c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1961, hay t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2u \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cam k\u1ebft c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea1ch ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c g\u1eedi l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Bobby \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam; n\u0103m 1961 \u00f4ng ta ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i J.K. Kennedy mu\u1ed1n th\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n \u0111i n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a","qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a nghe th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00e0o - trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00ec l\u00fd do chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh - \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e1ng gi\u00e1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u01b0\u1edbc 1964 (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 George Ball, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1n c\u1eed t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1). R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n th\u00e2n c\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a Kennedy \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn J.K. Kennedy nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m mang \u0111\u1eadm phong c\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, hu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta k\u1ebft l\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi, v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat s\u1ed7 s\u00e0ng: \\\"\u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng ta tr\u1edf n\u00ean th\u00f4ng minh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady?\\\" \\\"Ch\u1ebft ti\u1ec7t!\\\", \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1eadp tay xu\u1ed1ng m\u1eb7t b\u00e0n. T\u00f4i gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh nh\u1ea3y d\u1ef1ng l\u00ean trong gh\u1ebf b\u00e0nh. \\\"V\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf \u0111\u00f3!\\\", \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eadp b\u00e0n l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. G\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t \u00f4ng ta co r\u00fam l\u1ea1i v\u00ec t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1951. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p\u2026 Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn\u2026 Anh trai t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u1eebng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta\\\". T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p Bobby Kennedy \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n trong v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n duy nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u1edf \u00f4ng ta nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. N\u00f3 g\u00e2y m\u1ed9t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 v\u1eabn s\u1ebd tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u00f4ng ta, r\u1eb1ng anh trai \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd g\u1eedi qu\u00e2n sang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p L\u00e0o\\\" n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n sang. N\u1ebfu \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 quan v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf John F. Kennedy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea1ch ra \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u1eddi c\u00e1c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Lyndon Johnson v\u00e0 Richard Nixon, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd chia s\u1ebb c\u00e1i c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c b\u1ecb \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng li\u1ec7u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Kennedy, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u01b0 x\u1eed ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 l\u00ean \u00e1n n\u00e0y trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng trong n\u0103m 1965 hay kh\u00f4ng (nh\u01b0 em trai \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn) l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c, v\u00e0 ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Sau khi nghe Bobby n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i b\u0103n kho\u0103n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eaft th\u1ea5y tai nghe \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. (V\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0y n\u00f3 c\u0169ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 th\u00ea). H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 bao l\u00e2u? Ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Theo Richard Reeves, Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh tri\u1ec7u h\u1ed3i Taylor v\u00e0 Rostow ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi h\u1ecd r\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10- 1961. Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Taylor v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, sau chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u0103m 1951 trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u00f2ng quanh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khi \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1 ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i. \u00d4ng ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u","chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a 250.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 du k\u00edch Vi\u1ec7t Minh. T\u01b0\u1edbng Jean de Lattre de Tassigny \u0111\u00e3 cam \u0111oan v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng binh s\u0129 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thua nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i \u1edf tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Caravelle v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u00ean Edmund Gullion. B\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi xung quanh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 s\u00e1ng l\u00ean b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn ph\u00e1o c\u1ea7m canh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c oanh t\u1ea1c b\u1eb1ng s\u00fang c\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n h\u00e0ng \u0111\u00eam c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh. \\\"Anh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khi \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y?\\\" Kennedy h\u1ecfi nh\u00e0 ngo\u1ea1i giao. \\\"Trong v\u00f2ng 20 n\u0103m n\u1eefa, n\u01a1i n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ed7 cho nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n\\\", Gullion tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \\\"Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 thua. N\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng s\u1ebd thua, c\u0169ng v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Paris. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i ch\u1ed7 d\u1ef1a. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta\\\". H\u1ecfi \u0111\u00fang ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00fang vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng. V\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1967, t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng Westmoreland v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean quan \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 McNamara \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t. \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 phe n\u00e0o. \u00d4ng th\u1ec9nh c\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi McNamara \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. V\u00e0o gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ngu\u1ed3n \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb vi\u00ean th\u01b0 k\u00fd b\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Johnson, Bill Moyers. Tuy\u1ec7t nhi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i Lady Bird bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Lyndon Johnson h\u01a1n \u00f4ng ta. Nh\u1eefng ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta ng\u00e0y 17-10 \u1edf Cambridge cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ta nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \\\"r\u1eb1ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay - v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai - cho t\u1edbi k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea3 sau khi b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, khi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd th\u1eafng (\u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Moyers ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn x\u1ea3y ra), \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 v\u1ebb mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec7n h\u01b0\u1edbng leo thang chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta h\u01a1n l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u00edt tham v\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, v\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch th\u00fac \u00e9p b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch logic \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo t\u1eebng giai \u0111o\u1ea1n: ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n th\u0103m d\u00f2 qua khu phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 (DMZ), x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n qua nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp \u1edf ph\u00eda b\u1eafc DMZ, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 theo ki\u1ec3u Inchon\\\". Ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0i nghi r\u1eb1ng li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia c\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 Lyndon Johnson l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1 xa","so v\u1edbi mong \u0111\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng. Moyers n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o li\u1ec7u T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tin t\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eefa hay kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng kh\u00e1t khao th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m qua ho\u1eb7c nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, r\u1eb1ng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0 Moyers \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn, Johnson c\u00f3 khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a Truman, v\u00e0 tin r\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn n\u1ebfu \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00fang hay sai. Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Moyers l\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam 1, 2 n\u0103m xung \u0111\u1ed9t trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh hi\u1ec7n nay - v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 m\u01a1 h\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 - s\u1ebd g\u00e2y ra nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, tinh th\u1ea7n, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia. Vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd l\u00e0m cho t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean x\u1ea5u h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb thay th\u1ebf. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng: \\\"Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 kh\u00f4ng?\\\". \u00d4ng ta tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u00e3 nh\u1eb7n: \\\"T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n trong khi t\u00f4i mong \u0111\u1ee3i s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Lyndon Johnson, v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng tr\u0103n tr\u1edf trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng: \\\"\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 hi\u1ec7n gi\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 ai?\\\" Moyers x\u00e1c nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong c\u01a1n \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi ch\u00fang ta t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c uy th\u1ebf b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1965, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 lo l\u1eafng r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 (Vi\u1ec7t Nam) th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0o r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf n\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t ra, \u0111\u1ec3 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng m\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n \u0111ang h\u1ed1i th\u00fac \u00f4ng ta. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ngay g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 xa h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac t\u00f4i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd t\u1eeb t\u01b0\u1edbng Lansdale ho\u1eb7c John Vann, c\u00e1i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. C\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng l\u00ecm ra n\u00f3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai n\u00f3. T\u00f4i v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn binh c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1ea1nh \u0111ang \u0111i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb kinh nghi\u1ec7m cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a","ch\u00fang ta c\u0169ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p trong vi\u1ec7c tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh cao h\u01a1n, v\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Moyers \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i ngh\u0129. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng bu\u1ed3n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thay m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi, th\u1eddi gian kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1eadp v\u1edbi n\u00f3, v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7n h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb chi ph\u1ed1i b\u1edfi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \\\"Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a k\u1ebft th\u00fac, v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb nh\u01b0 n\u00f3 s\u1ebd m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng h\u01a1n b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i\\\".","Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: [76] \\\"T\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng\\\" - T\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York, 26-10- 1961. [77] \\\"C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c n\u00f3i\\\" - S\u0111d, 4-11-1961. [78] \\\"\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch\\\" - Schlesinger, 39. [79] \\\"M\u1ed7i b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn s\u00e2u h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9\\\" - S\u0111d, 47. [80] \\\"Kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5\\\", \\\"\u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn\\\" - T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, Gravel xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, t\u1eadp 2, tr. 90-92. [81] \\\"l\u00e0m c\u00e1n c\u00e2n nghi\u00eang\\\" - S\u0111d [82] \\\"t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh cam k\u1ebft\\\" - S\u0111d, 109. [83] \\\"l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n\\\" - S\u0111d, 108. [84] \\\"N\u1ebfu Di\u1ec7m kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng\\\" - S\u0111d, 105.","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng\t13 S\u1ee9c\tM\u1ea1nh\tC\u1ee7a\tCh\u00e2n\tL\u00fd V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 21-11-1967, t\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u quan tr\u1ecdng t\u1ea1i C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c gia cho r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington l\u00e0 \\\"Westmoreland - chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111ang t\u1edbi h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac\\\"[85]. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ec7ch nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta tin v\u00e0o \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean \u00f4ng ta bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u00e0 Johnson th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u01b0a ra. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p l\u1ecdt tai \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Th\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng may cho Westmoreland, ch\u1ec9 hai th\u00e1ng sau t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1edfi gi\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea7y nghi ho\u1eb7c m\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a phe Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng khi h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 29-1-1968, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a d\u1ecbp l\u1ec5 T\u1ebft c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n - m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Quy m\u00f4 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o d\u1ecbp T\u1ebft, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1i h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf ngay t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, s\u1ebd m\u00e3i khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kinh ng\u1ea1c. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gh\u00ea g\u1edbm c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n l\u00ean nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ebfu t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m cao tr\u00e0o ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n. Ngay sau khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn Washington \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cao c\u1ea5p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a phe Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng cho Clark Clifford, ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd thay th\u1ebf McNamara l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng ba (McNamara \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson \\\"\u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1t\\\" ch\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt McNamara g\u1eedi Johnson v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1-10-1967, khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn Washington t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean gia t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a C\u00f4ng ty Rand, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ea5p cao l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c. Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u li\u00ean qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1964, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng Wheeler v\u00e0 Westmoreland h\u1eb3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh vi\u1ec7c leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. M\u1ed1i lo ng\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i tr\u1edf n\u00ean","hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27-2-68 khi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt do t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u li\u00ean qu\u00e2n tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. T\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c Westmoreland y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam 206.000 qu\u00e2n, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 gi\u1ed1ng h\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00eau l\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Wheeler v\u1ebd l\u00ean m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c tranh \u0111en t\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 xem bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Wheeler v\u00e0 Westmoreland, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y leo thang m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Westmoreland nh\u01b0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee9u v\u00e3n t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1, m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean qu\u00e2n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb, s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd lan r\u1ed9ng. Vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i chia s\u1ebb h\u01a1n nhu c\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u li\u00ean qu\u00e2n. T\u00f4i nghi ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng l\u00fd do th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u00e0 Westmoreland v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u mu\u1ed1n b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n s\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Westmoreland t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed5 xu\u00fd, \u0111\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Campuchia, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ngay sau b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1967, Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1edbi b\u00e1o gi\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n qua Campuchia, nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, sau khi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n, c\u1ea3c ngu\u1ed3n tin t\u1ea1i L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c cho t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Westmoreland tin v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i th\u00fac \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0o B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n t\u1ea1i ph\u00eda nam c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 ki\u1ec3u Incheon v\u00e0o khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, n\u01a1i xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t \\\"ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1\\\". Nh\u01b0ng l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i ki\u1ec3u x\u00e2m chi\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta m\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u00e0m t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. Th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n Westmoreland t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta c\u00f2n m\u00f9 m\u1edd v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau trong n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1. Ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn l\u00ednh M\u1ef9. T\u1ea1i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u1edbi t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. Trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea9y ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o th\u1ebf","ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 binh l\u00ednh, m\u00e0 k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f3 tr\u00e1nh kh\u1ecfi n\u1ebfu vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, k\u00e9o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1. Tuy v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm h\u01a1n th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, ngay t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0y 10-2-68, t\u1edd B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington tr\u00edch l\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 r\u1eb1ng H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u0103m ngh\u00ecn l\u00ednh thu\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t t\u1ea1i c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m Khe Sanh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng cho r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Fulbright, U\u1ef7 ban \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi hai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Clark v\u00e0 Aiken, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean \u00e1n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n - \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh, Harold Wilson nh\u00e2n chuy\u1ebfn th\u0103m Washington \u0111\u00fang d\u1ecbp di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3\\\" - sau khi Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Rusk kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y trong l\u00fac tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ch\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n t\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o ng\u00e0y 16-2-68 r\u1eb1ng theo hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u \\\"ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn\\\" vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u00fang s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. Mort Halperin l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c bu\u1ed5i \u0103n tr\u01b0a l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee9 ba h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n, Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng Khe Sanh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n vi\u1ec7n t\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Sau khi tham v\u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland, t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f3 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft x\u1ea5u, vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. Sau n\u00e0y Westmoreland vi\u1ebft trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd n\u0103m 1976 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u m\u1eb7t t\u00edch c\u1ef1c h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh Khe Sanh, n\u01a1i \\\"con s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\\\"[86]. N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a Washington ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c mu\u1ed1n \\\"g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p\\\" t\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00ec d\u0129 nhi\u00ean vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3[87]\u2026 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt lo\u1ea1i nh\u1ecf t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam - hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed vi\u1ec7c \u0111e do\u1ea1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang - c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y\u2026 M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nh\u1ecf b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, Washington lo ng\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn tai gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c h\u1ecd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eebng ngay l\u1ea1i. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed cho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c b\u1ecf qua kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sai","l\u1ea7m. Th\u1ef1c ra m\u1ed9t tin \u0111\u1ed3n r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 t\u1edbi U\u1ef7 ban \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng vi\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y 5- 2-68 v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong su\u1ed1t th\u00e1ng hai v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng ba t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 trong gi\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00edch x\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3; trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 B\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler sau khi t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27-2-68 c\u0169ng c\u00f2n xa m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 minh ch\u1ee9ng cho nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn v\u00e0o Khe Sanh v\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng ph\u00f3 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 chi ph\u1ed1i t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland. Sau khi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Wheeler, t\u00f4i li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi Frank Mankiewicz, ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch b\u00e1o ch\u00ed cho Robert Kennedy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i d\u00e0n x\u1ebfp cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p h\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eefa Robert v\u00e0 t\u00f4i. Khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Frank r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng d\u00e0nh cho Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 thu x\u1ebfp cho t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p Robert t\u1ea1i t\u01b0 gia \u1edf McLean, ti\u1ec3u bang Virginia. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28-2-68, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a cho Robert b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Wheeler v\u00e0 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc n\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n m\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, trong t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn Robert Kennedy nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00e1 bi\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y cho b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n t\u00f4i xem Robert Kennedy nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p. V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 em trai c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng John F. Kennedy, x\u00e9t tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n, Robert ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Ngay sau ng\u00e0y 28-2-68, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Fulbright v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129 s\u0129 kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1edbi b\u00e1o gi\u1edbi xung quanh nh\u1eefng tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Westmoreland. Kh\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. C\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129 s\u0129 cho bi\u1ebft b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u n\u00e0o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady hay m\u1ed9t thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 tham v\u1ea5n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Trong ba n\u0103m r\u01b0\u1ee1i l\u1ea1i nay T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Fulbright \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i n\u00e0y, nh\u01b0 H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 v\u00e0 nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec1u cho bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Wheeler. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Clifford, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb Westmoreland, Wheeler v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 T\u1ed5ng","th\u1ed1ng, s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam qu\u00e2n, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e2n binh. Nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, m\u1ed3ng 10-3-68, t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00eau ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tuy\u1ec3n th\u00eam 206.000 qu\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4i, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn n\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Wheeler v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra trong th\u00e2m cung L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Neil Sheehan v\u00e0 Hedrick Smith l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom t\u1ea5n. Sau v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 lo ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tin \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, Fulbright n\u00f3i th\u1eb3ng r\u1eb1ng theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb g\u00ec h\u1ebft. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh r\u1eb1ng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c do nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i v\u00e0 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi \u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng quy\u1ec1n. Kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng sau v\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin ng\u00e0y 10-3-68, Johnson kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a g\u00e2y n\u00ean v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec cho \u00f4ng ta b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng ta c\u00f4ng khai tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 leo thang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u. Vi\u1ec7c r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n 206.000 l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \\\"\u00e9m\\\" v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. Tho\u1ea1t ti\u00ean t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00ec c\u00fa s\u1ed1c m\u00e0 v\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra cho c\u00e1c ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y g\u1ea7n gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e0 Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5-1967 v\u00e0 v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169ng g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u1eady \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t \u00fd ngh\u0129 l\u01b0\u1edbt qua \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd nghe n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \\\"ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c\\\" nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf bao gi\u1edd c\u1ea3. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef k\u00edn. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t c\u00f4ng khai, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta lu\u00f4n ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 che \u0111\u1eady. T\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u1ee9c m\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1. Khi Johnson tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng N\u0103m r\u1eb1ng Westmoreland ch\u1ec9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ee9c d\u01b0\u1edbi 40.000 qu\u00e2n, \u00f4ng ta y\u00ean t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i chung s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec khu\u1ea5t t\u1eaft v\u1edbi v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng li\u00ean qu\u00e2n hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean s\u1ebd g\u00e2y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1","t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cam k\u1ebft, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 m\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb. Tuy nhi\u00ean nh\u00ecn chung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00ec ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap Johnson \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p thay th\u1ebf kh\u00e1 tin c\u1eady. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 m\u00e1ch b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n \u00f4ng. T\u00f4i lo s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed7i khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng g\u1eedi th\u00eam qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ef1 b\u1ecb, c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, cho t\u1edbi t\u1eadn v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u01b0\u1ee3t sang c\u1ea3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng\\\" v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ec7n minh cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i. T\u00f4i ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do ch\u00ednh H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng mu\u1ed1n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 s\u1ef1 tr\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. Li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t trong c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n hay kh\u00f4ng th\u00ec cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i nguy. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 - v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n - \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh v\u1ec1 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd ph\u00fat \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin m\u1eadt cho Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u00edt ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin cho c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn th\u00f4ng qua b\u00e1o gi\u1edbi. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \\\"nh\u00fang ch\u00e0m\\\" m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat th\u00f4i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Wheeler cho Robert Kennedy, nh\u01b0ng theo nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xem n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p cao trong ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p. Khi t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo d\u00f5i t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a v\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i ch\u1ee3t th\u1ea5y b\u1ea7u tr\u1eddi nh\u01b0 quang ra sau nh\u1eefng d\u00e1m m\u00e2y tan. T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng: kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng trong vi\u1ec7c cho chi\u1ebfn tranh leo thang, to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta d\u00e0nh cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c che gi\u1ea5u, n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta trong vi\u1ec7c ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p - h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt - c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 tri\u1ec3n khai to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f4ng khai hay \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xem x\u00e9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y, v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y sau v\u1ee5 T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi ng\u1edd \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd cho s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y, \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a t\u01b0\u1edbng Westmoreland trong","qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n, s\u1ebd t\u1ecf ra kh\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c Johnson l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u00eau b\u00e0i che \u0111\u1eady v\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i n\u1ebfu c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng ta nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd c\u1eady v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00f4ng tin, gi\u1eef t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 che \u0111\u1eady nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Kinh nghi\u1ec7m trong v\u00f2ng ba n\u0103m qua cho ph\u00e9p \u00f4ng ta s\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u1ea5y. L\u1ebd ra \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap h\u01a1n d\u00e0nh cho vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta hay H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u li\u00ean qu\u00e2n c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00fd ki\u1ebfn m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. Nh\u01b0ng ngay c\u1ea3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh c\u00e3i c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng b\u1ecb b\u00e1c b\u1ecf. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u01b0\u1edbi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng sau khi c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 quy m\u00f4 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c che \u0111\u1eady nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7. M\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i khi h\u1ecd v\u1eeba bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o t\u1ea5m m\u00e0n m\u1ecfng th\u00f4ng tin - tuy h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng - ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch ng\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 l\u1eadp ph\u00e1p. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m nay kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u00f3c tr\u1ea7n. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang hay kh\u00f4ng tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1 c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi hi\u1ec7u n\u0103ng l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 v\u00e0 cam k\u1ebft gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt g\u00ec v\u00e0 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng tin s\u1ebd nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ngo\u1ea1i giao, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ngu\u1ed3n v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh hay c\u00e1c b\u00ed m\u1eadt kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi th\u1eddi gian t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o b\u00ed m\u1eadt kh\u1eaft khe. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1ee3t nh\u1eadn ra l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m vi\u1ec7c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e1 t\u1ef1 tin v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t nguy hi\u1ec3m. S\u1ef1 t\u1ef1 tin \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch \u00f4ng ta b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tham gia b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t, m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 l\u1ebd ra c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn c\u00f4ng khai. Th\u00e1ng 8-1964 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e1ng ba hay th\u00e1ng b\u1ea3y n\u0103m 1965, \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1edbi con m\u1eaft ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c., T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd n\u00eau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi xung quanh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i hi\u1ec3u ra h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i ch\u1ec9 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn cho \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 \u00f4ng s\u1ebd th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 hay \u00edt ra n\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u00e2y n\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn nguy hi\u1ec3m cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng khi \u00f4ng ta quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3. S\u1edf d\u0129 nguy hi\u1ec3m l\u00e0 v\u00ec T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n h\u01a1n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i. Che gi\u1ea5n th\u00f4ng tin kh\u1ecfi c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn s\u1ebd","ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u00f3. Che gi\u1ea5u th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch trong khi kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Do \u0111\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y s\u1ee9c \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i thu\u1eadn theo \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u00f4ng ta lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u00f3 cho ph\u00e1i di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 g\u00e2y phi\u1ec1n to\u00e1i cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng ta \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1eabn lo ng\u1ea1i (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Johnson v\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3): b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i h\u00e8n nh\u00e1t, nhu nh\u01b0\u1ee3c hay thi\u1ebfu quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n trong vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c thi \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Do v\u1eady T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd khi \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u, hy v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \\\"l\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3\\\" nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n th\u1ebf khi u\u00fd l\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn Johnson l\u00e0m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 7-1965. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi b\u00f3ng ma c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh leo thang r\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu, r\u1ea5t c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 d\u01b0\u1edbi chi\u00eau b\u00e0i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Westmoreland. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi danh s\u00e1ch c\u00e1c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn m\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 thi\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edbng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng: tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n hay to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb, d\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ecf b\u1ecdc b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 d\u1ed1i tr\u00e1. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u00f4ng ta th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi, \u00f4ng ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng gi\u1eef b\u00ed m\u1eadt t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn M\u1ef9. T\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 con s\u1ed1 206.000. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ai \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ee1 mi\u1ec7ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hay t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. D\u00f9 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o \u0111i n\u1eefa, ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0y, nh\u00e0 \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y hay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t c\u1ea9n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i \\\"khai s\u00e1ng\\\". Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p theo c\u1ea3m quan, ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u, l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i, hay nh\u1eb9 nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 sai. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh vi mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 b\u00f3c tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c quy tr\u00ecnh n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin, theo nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i h\u00ecnh dung, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, m\u00e0 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng bi\u1ebft. Th\u00f4ng tin th\u00edch h\u1ee3p d\u00e0nh cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 cao c\u1ea5p trong ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin m\u1eadt s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng cho Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 h\u1ec7 tr\u1ecdng. \u0110\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng hay m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua l\u1eb1n ranh c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u01b0 kh\u01b0 c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p. Suy ngh\u0129 trong \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0o l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n: v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y","n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ed9t b\u00ed m\u1eadt cho th\u1ea5y m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf c\u1ea5p cao. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, n\u1ed9i dung th\u00f4ng tin ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 s\u1ebd k\u00e9m quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n so v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3. \u00dd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 s\u1ebd r\u00f5 r\u00e0nh r\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng: b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 khi n\u00e0o \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u01b0a ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cung c\u1ea5p h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft hay to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n m\u00e0 Westmoreland y\u00eau c\u1ea7u, ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c to\u00e0n c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn s\u1ebd bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng ba, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i t\u1edbi to\u00e0 so\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 trao c\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec7n m\u1eadt cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o. T\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn Neil Shechan, ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a tin v\u1ec1 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c cho t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York. T\u00f4i trao cho anh ta nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong tay. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd thu h\u1eb9p ph\u1ea1m vi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm ngu\u1ed3n cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 v\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra s\u1ebd d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng suy lu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng cho d\u00f9 ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cung c\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y th\u00ec g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York do Shechan vi\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 19 th\u00e1ng ba, s\u1ed1 \u1edf Washington th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0: \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. CIA cho bi\u1ebft l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi \u01b0\u1edbc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o, con s\u1ed1 ch\u00eanh l\u1ec7ch l\u00e0 t\u1eeb 50.000 \u0111\u1ebfn 100.000\\\". \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa CIA v\u00e0 MACV s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 MACV b\u1ecb lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi quy tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh quy. Sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 b\u1edfi ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u00e0 Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i ra kh\u1ecfi danh m\u1ee5c th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9, CIA \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi MACV. CIA \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng th\u00eam kho\u1ea3ng v\u00e0i tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn qu\u00e2n trong \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed5ng l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7. Ch\u00ednh b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a CIA \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn ngay ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb b\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ngu\u1ef5 t\u1ea1o do Westmoreland \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ea1i C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c gia r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n th\u00f9 \u0111\u00e3 di xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1967. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Sheehan l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng chi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u k\u1ebft th\u00ec h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1ch l\u1ea1c: Westmoreland ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn sai d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 trong Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y ngu\u1ed3n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u d\u00e0nh cho c\u1ea5p cao trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u00edch. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Clifford nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng v\u0103n t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt t\u1eeb Richard Steadman, ph\u00f3 tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng (ph\u1ea7n in nghi\u00eang do t\u00e1c","gi\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 th\u00eam v\u00e0o): Con s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng nay ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tr\u00f9ng kh\u1edbp v\u1edbi con s\u1ed1 tr\u00ean hai c\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3u k\u00e8m theo v\u1edbi k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u T\u1ed1i m\u1eadt, Nofom (kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c xem). Con s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a CIA \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00edch t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng ba chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y (k\u00e8m theo) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u M\u1eadt. C\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 Sheehan tr\u00edch t\u1eeb t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c gia (NIE). T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y mang k\u00fd hi\u1ec7u T\u1ed1i m\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi ph\u1ea1m quy ch\u1ebf an ninh v\u1edbi m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i\u1ec1u tra, truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ee5 n\u00e0y n\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo, 20-3-68, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng, d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 trao cho Sheehan v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 Charles Mohr v\u00e0 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1 n\u01a1i vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u th\u00eam \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin \u1edf kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 m\u1edbi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 n\u0103m, 21-3, Shechan ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c, c\u00f2n s\u1ed1 \u1edf Washington th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y l\u00e0 20-3. B\u00e0i b\u00e1o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 sau: Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m tr\u00ecnh 29 ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a phe C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 l\u1edbn \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, t\u01b0\u1edbng William C. Westmoreland d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd nh\u00e2n l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968. T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 Washington v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1 th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang. T\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o n\u00e0y t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1eadt. Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n kh\u00f4ng h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u1edbi quy m\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady do c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 g\u00e2y n\u00ean v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y T\u1ebft, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u0103m m\u1edbi \u00e2m l\u1ecbch. N\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o Westmoreland m\u00e0 Sheehan \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp (t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n vi\u1ebft tay m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a cho anh ta) g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c \\\"hu\u1ef7 di\u1ec7t v\u00e0 trung l\u1eadp ho\u00e1\\\" c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecbch t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd \\\"bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i tr\u00f4ng c\u1eady nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ecba t\u1ea1i Campuchia, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 B\u1eafc ph\u1ea7n khu v\u1ef1c phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 DMZ\\\". Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 sau: \\\"Tuy nhi\u00ean k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngay t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 l\u1edbn \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u0103ng l\u00ean\\\". Shechan vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Westmoreland \\\"r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ni\u1ec1m tin m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf trong chuy\u1ec7n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t r\u1eb1ng s\u1ee9c \u00e9p qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ea1y kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trung d\u00e2n c\u01b0 l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ho\u00e1 gi\u1ea3i kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t","t\u1eeb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 ngay t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng ta kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 d\u1ecdc theo bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Campuchia, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\". L\u1eddi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Westmoreland \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng (v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed) mang h\u00e0m \u00fd v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean c\u1ea3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta t\u1ea1i Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng ta \u0111ang l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt h\u01a1n t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 sung qu\u00e2n nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua nh\u1eefng.bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t Campuchia, L\u00e0o v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbch ra t\u1eadn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n truy \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00fang ngay c\u1ea3 b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Westmoreland \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt khuy\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o l\u00fac n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cho th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady nh\u1eb1m l\u00f4i k\u00e9o c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Westmoreland ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u01b0 sinh s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng h\u01a1n. Nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n tr\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a Westmoreland \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o s\u1ed1 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 21-3. T\u1ed1i h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng Wheeler \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd r\u1eb1ng Westmoreland s\u1ebd r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ecb tr\u00ed Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n. Johnson \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, ng\u00e0y 22-3. Ng\u00e0y 23-3, Wheeler bay \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p Westmoreland v\u00e0 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ng\u00e0y 25-3, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u quan ch\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng \\\"nh\u00e0 th\u00f4ng th\u00e1i\\\": T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 [88]\u2026 Ba tu\u1ea7n qua \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t t\u00e2m l\u00fd ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n m\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Ted Kennedy v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n tham nh\u0169ng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng ch\u1eb3ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p g\u00ec c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 v\u00e0 gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u 206.000 qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean l\u00ean t\u1edbi 400.000 c\u1ee7a Westmoreland. Chi ph\u00ed cho l\u1ec7nh t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean n\u00e0y l\u00e0 15 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la, l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 v\u00e0ng. V\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1edbi t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n ch\u00fang ta. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang nao n\u00fang. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c th\u0103m d\u00f2 d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd tr\u00f4i theo d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u00fat. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb cu\u1ed1n ph\u0103ng \u0111i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh hay qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3\u2026 T\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd ph\u1ebf b\u1ecf Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Russell mu\u1ed1n ch\u00fang ta tham chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea5y H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u1ecb s\u1ef9 Eugene McCarthy v\u00e0 Kennedy v\u00e0 c\u00e1nh t\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c b\u1ed9. T\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1edd B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111ang ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? Trong n\u0103m b\u1ea7u c\u1eed ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u thu\u1ebf h\u01a1n, nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3m chi ti\u00eau. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u1eed tri \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u1ecd mong \u0111\u1ee3i. Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho cu\u1ed9c","chi\u1ebfn. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u do l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb 206.000 qu\u00e2n, v\u1ee5 r\u00f2 r\u1ec9 th\u00f4ng tin, Teddy Kennedy v\u00e0 Bobby Kennedy g\u00e2y ra. L\u1ebd ra t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i trao cho Westmoreland 206.000 qu\u00e2n n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i \u00f4ng ta c\u1ea7n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1ee9 ba, ng\u00e0y 2-4-1968, t\u00f4i \u0103n tr\u01b0a \u1edf Princeton c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u tham d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \\\"N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\\\". \u0110i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y do tr\u01b0\u1eddng Woodrow Wilson, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Princeton v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban H\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n M\u1ef9 (AFSC) t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3. H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng b\u00e0n v\u1edbi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb AFSC, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecd k\u1ec3 th\u00ec bi\u1ebft. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50 v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn tranh trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong s\u1ed1 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1ecf t\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n v\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y r\u1ed1i hay ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n d\u1ecbch \u0111i Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean hay Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi II. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m song song v\u00e0 giao thoa ch\u1eb3ng gi\u1ed1ng ai. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i, h\u1ecd c\u0103m gh\u00e9t v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0o gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 50 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u1eadn v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea5m Bikini tr\u00ean con thuy\u1ec1n \\\"Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0ng\\\" \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m sau t\u00f4i tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ai m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u01a1 ch\u1ee9, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m th\u00e1ng 4 n\u0103m 1968? Bod Eaton v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c c\u00f9ng ng\u1ed3i t\u1ea1i b\u00e0n n\u00e0y, noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e0u \\\"Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0ng\\\" \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t con t\u00e0u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 mang t\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ho\u00e0ng t\u1edbi c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c men. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i con t\u00e0u b\u1ecb xua \u0111u\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o l\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Th\u1eadt tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi khi gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. V\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. M\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng hay \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng do phe C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7c v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian 1964-1965. Sau \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o \\\"b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh ho\u00e1\\\", m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1ebd ra c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a b\u1edfi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o, nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o \u1edf Princeton, cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n cho th\u1ea5y t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ec1 t\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1ea1i Rand v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \\\"B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u1ed5i lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady\\\" v\u00e0","c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng gi\u1ea5u g\u00ec khi t\u00f4i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i tr\u00ean. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng hy v\u1ecdng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m \u0111em l\u1ea1i hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec7c leo thang v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ch\u00fang ta ra kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb l\u00fac t\u00f4i quay l\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1967, cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1eefa. Cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u01b0ng ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u00ean cho ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 b\u1ebf t\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft, v\u00f4 v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 hai \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt, 31-3-1968, trong l\u00fac \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb h\u00e0nh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o t\u1ea1i Princeton, t\u00f4i theo d\u00f5i Johnson ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang cho ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. \u00d4ng ta c\u0169ng th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng tranh c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 hai. Gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y t\u1ea1i Princeton, Tom Hayden, nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Sinh vi\u00ean v\u00ec m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o: \\\"Ch\u00fang ta v\u1eeba l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng hay \u00edt ra c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u00fang ta cho ph\u00e9p \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn\\\". \\\"Ch\u00fang ta\\\", Hayden h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean t\u00f4i trong \u0111\u1ea7u. Tuy v\u1eady c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai kh\u00e1c t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n tin r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 qua \u0111i (n\u00f3 v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a v\u00e0 s\u1ebd ch\u01b0a; Hayden \u0111\u00e3 sai v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f3. V\u1ec1 kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0y th\u00ec Lyndon Johnson c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a th\u1ea5u hi\u1ec3u b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p). V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh phong ph\u00fa v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i \u00fd th\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft hay b\u1ecf t\u00f9 ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 b\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbc quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn th\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111ang \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t t\u00f4i. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0 duy vi\u1ec7c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 hay ch\u01b0a. Nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1eafp s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe, nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u1ebb \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n b\u00ean kia b\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ebfn t\u1eeb \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y kho\u00e1c m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 san (\u00e1o qu\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9), n\u01b0\u1edbc da m\u00e0u s\u1eabm, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 \u0111en. Tr\u00ean tr\u00e1n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecf. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111ang n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng du d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n ng\u1ed3i b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n nh\u00ecn ch\u1eb1m ch\u1eb1m v\u00e0o c\u00f4 \u1ea5y v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nghe c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng im l\u1eb7ng gi\u1eefa ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, khi c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \\\"k\u1ebb th\u00f9\\\", t\u00f4i nghe c\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \\\"T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 kh\u00f4ng dung n\u1ea1p \u00fd ni\u1ec7m \\\"k\u1ebb th\u00f9\\\".","M\u1ed9t tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 l\u1ea1 tai. Kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \\\"k\u1ebb th\u00f9\\\"? Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi, m\u1eb7t tr\u0103ng, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, n\u01b0\u1edbc? T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 m\u00e0 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ebb th\u00f9 chi\u1ebfm v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trung t\u00e2m, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Rand, thu\u1ef7 qu\u00e2n l\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3 Nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n k\u1ebb th\u00f9, hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u1ecd t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh: T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m l\u00e0 b\u00e1nh m\u1ef3 v\u1edbi b\u01a1 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1edf. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m k\u1ebb th\u00f9 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u00f3 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi La M\u00e3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng. N\u1ebfu c\u00e2u nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t b\u1ecb nghe l\u1ecfm c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa h\u01a1n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00f4i \u0111i. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4 \u1ea5y\u2026 \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 l\u1ed1i k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 h\u00e1t, b\u1edfi v\u1eady thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i say s\u01b0a nh\u00ecn c\u00f4 \u1ea5y v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: \\\"\u00dd c\u00f4 l\u00e0 g\u00ec?\\\" C\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn. \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u00f4 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e3 cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n c\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1eb9n nhau v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau. Sau b\u1eefa s\u00e1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau, b\u1ecf qua phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp, r\u1ed3i \u0103n tr\u01b0a, sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 phi\u00ean bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 t\u1edbi t\u1eadn \u0111\u00eam. T\u00ean c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 Janaki, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb v\u00f9ng Madras, mi\u1ec1n Nam \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Ch\u1ea5m \u0111\u1ecf tr\u00ean tr\u00e1n c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \\\"d\u1ea5u ch\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa\\\"; c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 t\u00edn \u0111\u1ed3 Shivaite Brahmin. B\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed trung th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Mahatma Gandhi v\u00e0 trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia phong tr\u00e0o sarvodaya, m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 do m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec7 t\u1eed c\u1ee7a Gandhi l\u00e0 Vinoba Bhave l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, song song v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o Bhoodan l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0u chia cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea5t. N\u0103m 1963, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia cu\u1ed9c tu\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh xuy\u00ean \u1ea4n t\u1edbi bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Trung-\u1ea4n. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y, theo Janaki, \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y s\u1ed1c cho ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Vinoba khi m\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a trong th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t cao h\u01a1n tinh th\u1ea7n ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0103n th\u1ecbt hay kho\u00e1c l\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec l\u1ea5y t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng con v\u1eadt b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft (M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00ecnh c\u1edd, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc vali b\u1eb1ng da m\u00e0 t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y khen \\\"N\u00f3 th\u1eadt \u0111\u1eb9p\\\" \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecfi \\\"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i g\u00ec v\u1eady?\\\") \u00dd m\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i trong cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u00e0: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i theo l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ee9c Gandhi kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean xem ai hay \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed ai nh\u01b0 \\\"k\u1ebb th\u00f9\\\", k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 anh cho l\u00e0 c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, hay c\u0103m gh\u00e9t, hay xem nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xa l\u1ea1, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 anh cho l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec hay kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m th\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed v\u1edbi ai d\u00f9 \u1edf giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \\\"chi s\u01a1\\\" hay","m\u00e3i m\u00e3i v\u1ec1 sau nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 t\u00ednh thi\u1ec7n trong m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 h\u1ecd xa l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 k\u00e9m ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec t\u1eeb h\u1ecd hay nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec3n ho\u00e1 h\u1ecd, ngay c\u1ea3 n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd c\u00f3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 th\u1eadt kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i hay \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n. B\u1edfi v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00fd ni\u1ec7m k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i. Janaki n\u00f3i th\u00eam \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u1eabn \u0111\u00fang cho d\u00f9 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i, \u1edf c\u1ea3 m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ef1c \u0111oan nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai tr\u00e1i khi ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n b\u1ecb l\u00ean \u00e1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ch phi b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng hay bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, v\u1edbi c\u00e1i gi\u00e1 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u1ea3 m\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 \\\"t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i\\\", m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y n\u00ean h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng khi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai tr\u00e1i c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai tr\u00e1i nh\u1ea5t, t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t, khi mu\u1ed1n c\u1ea3m ho\u00e1 tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n, kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch hu\u1ef7 ho\u1ea1i h\u1ecd hay \u0111e do\u1ea1 g\u00e2y th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c: r\u00fat c\u00e1c ngu\u1ed3n qu\u1ef9, thu\u1ebf, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i qu\u00e2n d\u1ecbch, t\u1ea9y chay, t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n b\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng: t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \\\"Nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u00e0ng\\\" trong khu v\u1ef1c th\u1eed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i, b\u00e3i c\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 \u1edf c\u00e1c qu\u1ea7y \u0103n tr\u01b0a. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0y t\u1ecf: n\u00eau l\u00ean s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ni\u1ec1m tin \u0111\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u sai tr\u00e1i, ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 im l\u1eb7ng m\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i hay d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn hay \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa \\\"quy\u1ec1n khi\u1ebfu n\u1ea1i\\\" th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m mai m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c, d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng hay ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 Gandhi g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 satyagraha (s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u00e2n l\u00fd). C\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng sai tr\u00e1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u01b0\u1ee1ng ch\u1ebf, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p hay kh\u00f4ng h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ec1u tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c, s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng, s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9, v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 bao dung c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 tu\u1ef3 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean h\u01a1n l\u00e0 vai tr\u00f2 hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd; nh\u1eefng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c vi\u00ean n\u00e0y bao g\u1ed3m k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00f2ng ph\u1ea1m. Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xo\u00e1 b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Rosa m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea9y chay xe bu\u00fdt \u1edf Montogomery. Vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 \u1ea5y t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tu\u00e2n theo m\u1ed9t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng lu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Alabama \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng nh\u01b0\u1eddng gh\u1ebf cho m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch nam ng\u01b0\u1eddi da tr\u1eafng, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4 \u1ea5y thay v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c th\u00f3i quen","ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi da \u0111en t\u1ea1i Montogomery. Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi ph\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 b\u00e0i lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Thoreau li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1, noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Park, Martin Luther King \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i, Janaki gi\u00fap t\u00f4i tr\u00edch l\u1ea1i: \\\"M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: \\\"Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 nh\u1ecbn nh\u1ee5c th\u00ec s\u1ebd d\u00ednh s\u00e2u v\u00e0o t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00fap kh\u1eafc s\u00e2u t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u00e3 v\u1edbi n\u00f3 \u2026 K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb gi\u1edd ph\u00fat n\u00e0y t\u00f4i s\u1ebd xem phong tr\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta (t\u1ea9y chay xe bu\u00fdt) nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u1edf quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn\\\"[89]. Khi t\u00f4i l\u1eafng nghe Janaki, t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang nghe m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p kinh nghi\u1ec7m ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i N\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p. L\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e9p t\u00ednh b\u1ea1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn con s\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng, \u00edt ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u quen thu\u1ed9c. Tuy nhi\u00ean n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \\\"k\u1ebb th\u00f9\\\" v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c th\u00ec n\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi \u00fd ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 xung \u0111\u1ed9t h\u1eadn th\u00f9, tranh \u0111\u1ea5u, ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i, kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00fd. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i v\u1ee1 l\u1ebd ra sau n\u00e0y, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u00fd ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed then ch\u1ebft trong t\u01b0 duy v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Gandhi. Nh\u01b0ng Janaki \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u00ed du li\u00ean h\u1ec7 v\u1ec1 ch\u00fang. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u01b0 duy duy nh\u1ea5t, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng thay th\u1ebf cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi, th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 m\u1edbi cho t\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng x\u1ea3y ra. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u01b0 duy th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng g\u1ee3i \u00fd, m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 th\u00f9 h\u1eadn. C\u00f4 \u1ea5y di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 Martin Luther King v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i th\u00fac t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc cu\u1ed1n \\\"B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do\\\", cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00edch d\u1eabn gi\u00fap t\u00f4i c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1edf tr\u00ean. T\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 King v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng phi b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a King k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4 \u1ea5y v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng King \u0111\u01b0a ra t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Riverside \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 New York g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4-4-1967. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p l\u1eddi nh\u1eafn nh\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7t huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng minh b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, da tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 da \u0111en, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m d\u1eabn t\u1edbi nguy c\u01a1 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 d\u00e0nh cho phong tr\u00e0o quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1edfi v\u00ec nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \\\"\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac im l\u1eb7ng ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i\\\" (Khi t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc to\u00e0n v\u0103n b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u sau n\u00e0y t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1967 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2u t\u00f3m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft trong hai n\u0103m. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1ch","b\u1ea1ch v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 - ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00e9m bom mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n Nam, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c th\u1eddi gian cho vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 trong \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u00e0 trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00e0o trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai - \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 t\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng khai n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tai to m\u1eb7t l\u1edbn n\u00e0o trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1967-1968. L\u1ebd ra \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 n\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0o b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 th\u00e1ng n\u00e0o trong n\u0103m n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3). Janaki khuy\u00ean t\u00f4i n\u00ean g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng - c\u00f4 \u1ea5y ngh\u0129 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thu x\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3 - v\u00e0 t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn con ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y. C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Janaki \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y (M\u1ef9) m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m hy v\u1ecdng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng th\u00f4i v\u00e0 \u1edf trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1c, \u1edf Robert Kennedy. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng quay l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng nhau v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c trao \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhan cho t\u1edbi t\u1eadn ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau Chi\u1ec1u mu\u1ed9n h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 4-4-1968, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i theo d\u00f5i tin t\u1ee9c bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Martin Luther King \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u00e1m s\u00e1t. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 c\u1ea3 Washington \u0111ang b\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y.","Ch\u00fa th\u00edch: [85] Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111ang t\u1edbi h\u1ed3i k\u1ebft th\u00fac: B\u00e1o B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington, 22 th\u00e1ng 11, 1967. [86][87]\\\"con s\u1ed1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd \u1edf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3\\\"; \\\"N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Washington\\\" - Westmoreland, trang 338. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i: Xem th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 \\\"Chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i th\u0103m ch\u00e2u \u00c1 c\u1ee7a chuy\u00ean gia kh\u01a1i l\u00ean tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed nguy\u00ean t\u1eed\\\", Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York, 11 th\u00e1ng 2, 1968; \\\"C\u00fa g\u1ecdi n\u1eb7c danh kh\u01a1i l\u00ean tin \u0111\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\", Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York, 13 th\u00e1ng 2; \\\"Wheeler ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed nguy\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1ea1i Khe Sanh\\\", Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York, 15 th\u00e1ng 2; \\\"Fulbright v\u00e0 Rusk xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n\\\", B\u00e1o B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington, 6 th\u00e1ng 2; \\\"McCarthy y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \\\"th\u1ea9m tra b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed\\\"- B\u00e1o B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington, 17 th\u00e1ng 2; \\\"SANE \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 M\u1ef9 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed\\\", Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York, 3 th\u00e1ng 3; \\\"S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed nguy\u00ean t\u1eed s\u1ebd d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea3m ho\u1ea1\\\", B\u00e1o B\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n Washington, 9 th\u00e1ng 3. [88] \\\"T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\\\" - tr\u00edch trong Gardner, trang 454-56; Clifford, trang 515-16. [89] \\\"M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\\\" - King, trang 51-52.","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng\t14 Chi\u1ebfn\tD\u1ecbch\tN\u0103m\t1969 V\u1edbi b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31-3 n\u0103m 1968, c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang v\u00e0 \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nhanh ch\u00f3ng ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh theo nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t cho \u00f4ng ta, cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n g\u00ec \u0111i n\u1eefa. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi\u1ebfn cho Johnson v\u00e0 Rusk r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom v\u1eabn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n. T\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc? Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u1eafm. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u00f4i qua v\u00e0 hai b\u00ean v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p nhau \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee9ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec t\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. M\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y th\u00e1ng t\u01b0 trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u1edf L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, Mort Halperin nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom v\u1eabn \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ph\u00eda Nam v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 19 v\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t L\u00e0o. \\\"C\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u00e0m: Walt Rostow, Dean Rusk, v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng\\\". \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd. Tuy nhi\u00ean ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. \u1ede ph\u00eda b\u00ean kia b\u00e0n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ph\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng nhau r\u00e0 so\u00e1t l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c trong ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 xem xem c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam ai v\u00e0o trong danh sach ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean hay kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i li\u1ec7t k\u00ea l\u1ea1i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf Washington ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt tham gia v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 ra ai th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o danh s\u00e1ch n\u00eau tr\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai trong nh\u00f3m so\u1ea1n th\u1ea3o H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai ch\u00fang t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1i C\u1ee5c T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u1ed9 Ngo\u1ea1i giao hay Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Mort v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m r\u00fat qu\u00e2n. V\u1eabn c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n, tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00e9m bom \u00e1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta \u0111ang l\u00e0m l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \\\"t\u1ed1i \u01b0u th\u1ee9 hai\\\" ho\u1eb7c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 coi l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u1ea5n t\u1edbi. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n ho\u1eb7c n\u00e9m bom \u00e1c li\u1ec7t h\u01a1n t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00fd g\u00ec v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng quan ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3","c\u00f9ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec1u chia s\u1ebb: Ho\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ho\u1eb7c r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 trong ph\u1ecfng \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c leo thang chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh, t\u00ednh t\u1edbi th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y - th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n n\u0103m 1968 v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00fang sau T\u1ebft M\u1eadu Th\u00e2n. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ngay trong c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng s\u0129 quan qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 quan cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00ean r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1967 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n d\u00e2n ch\u00fang. Tuy nhi\u00ean l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m bom v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t ra v\u00e0 v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi h\u00e0nh. Trong th\u1eddi gian 10 th\u00e1ng sau khi McNamara r\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, Clark Clifford, theo l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom (1,7 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n) nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom c\u1ee7a ba n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 (15 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n). N\u1ebfu Halperin \u0111\u00fang, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng anh ta \u0111\u00fang th\u00ec l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong v\u00f2ng 10 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb Clifford tr\u1edf xu\u1ed1ng t\u1edbi c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng ngoan ngo\u00e3n thi h\u00e0nh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd tin r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00fat n\u00e0o. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian trong v\u00f2ng 30 n\u0103m qua \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng hi\u1ec3u v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3. Khi b\u1ea7u c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y lo l\u1eafng m\u1ed9t khi c\u00f3 nhu c\u1ea7u chia s\u1ebb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi mu\u1ed1n l\u1eafng nghe. Khi t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea3n h\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n hay \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, t\u1eeb Romney v\u00e0 Rockefeller t\u1edbi Kennedy v\u00e0 Humphrey, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 chung quan \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i hi\u1ec7n nay d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 h\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea5n an nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c nghi ng\u1edd v\u1ec1 \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ai c\u00f3 li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi George Wallace, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn t\u01b0\u1edbng Curtis Lemay l\u00e0m ph\u00f3 so\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 tranh c\u1eed c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng ta. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 quan s\u00e1t, k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a Nixon nghe gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch r\u00fat qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3i trang. Th\u1ef1c ra, hai nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Walter Lippmann v\u00e0 Joseph Kraft \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111o\u00e1n r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng \\\"Nixon m\u1edbi\\\" c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Humphrey, ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Johnson h\u01a1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 nghe r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi nhau - tr\u1eeb \u00f4ng Wallace - v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh sa l\u1ea7y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Robert Kennedy g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n cho t\u00f4i \u1edf California \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb t\u00f4i l\u00e0m \\\"chuy\u00ean gia v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" cho \u00f4ng ta trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a t\u00f4i th\u00f4i vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Rand, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd c\u00f3 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi \u1edf Washington ho\u1eb7c New","York, v\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1, b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00edch l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u01b0a b\u1eaft tay ngay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u1ee9ng vi\u00ean tranh c\u1eed v\u00ec t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u00fd ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa hai \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean tranh c\u1eed ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3: t\u00f4i v\u1eeba m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kho\u00e1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u00e2m l\u00fd, h\u1ecdc b\u1ed1n bu\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi Los Angeles. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Kennedy. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi Robert Kennedy h\u01a1n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p. T\u1eeb khi t\u00f4i t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 n\u00e0o g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi t\u00f4i s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 lo l\u1eafng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t y\u00eau qu\u00fd \u00f4ng. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng d\u1ecbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1967, t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Robert Kennedy l\u00e0 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean duy nh\u1ea5t (McCarthy r\u1ea5t \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed) m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin c\u1eady trong vi\u1ec7c gi\u00fap M\u1ef9 s\u1edbm tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf sa l\u1ea7y \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng Humphrey tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0i nghi v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 d\u00ednh l\u00edu v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng \u00f4ng ta khi \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Johnson. T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m th\u1eadt ch\u1eadm v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m s\u1ebfp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta n\u1ed5i tr\u1eadn l\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh. \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00ean l\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u00fang khi t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng ta l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111i \u0103n tr\u01b0a t\u1ea1i Waldorf-Astoria v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y Humphrey ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ea1i New York. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m Zbigniew Brzezinski c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Columbia v\u00e0 Sam Huntington c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n\\\" cho \u00f4ng ta. Trong b\u1eefa \u0103n, Humphrey nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1ea5t ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 McCarthy v\u00e0 Kennedy. Nh\u00ecn xung quanh b\u00e0n, \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i: \\\"T\u00f4i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 c\u00e2u kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \\\"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eefa!\\\" - M\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u th\u1eadt nguy hi\u1ec3m\\\". M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 v\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta n\u00ean t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u0169ng n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t. Sau khi im l\u1eb7ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng c\u1ea3, t\u00f4i n\u00f3i: \\\"Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"H\u00e3y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\". Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 b\u00e0n \u0103n \u0111\u1ec1u im l\u1eb7ng. M\u1ed9t gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0103n xong, t\u00f4i nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3i tr\u00ean. \\\"N\u1ebfu \\\"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eefa\\\" c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \\\"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i\\\" th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t hay\\\", Humphrey mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng g\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \\\"Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam","n\u1eefa!\\\", n\u00f3 cho th\u1ea5y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac ho\u1eb7c s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m hay s\u1ee9c \u00e9p t\u1eeb c\u1eed tri n\u1eefa. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1968 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3y n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u1ea3 hai ni\u1ec1m tin tr\u00ean g\u1ea1t b\u1ecf s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin c\u1ee7a \u0111a ph\u1ea7n c\u00e1c c\u1eed tri trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng N\u0103m t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Kennedy l\u00e0 Adam Walinsky v\u00e0 Jeff Greenfield v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Kennedy tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng cho b\u1ea7u c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng s\u1eafp t\u1edbi \u1edf California. Theo d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn, b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i C\u00e2u l\u1ea1c b\u1ed9 Kh\u1ed1i th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng chung San Fransisco v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31 th\u00e1ng N\u0103m. N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ed1t l\u00f5i c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do t\u00f4i, m\u00e0 do Walinsky vi\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ecd mu\u1ed1n t\u00f4i t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t cho m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u. M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam t\u00f4i th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1 khuya t\u1ea1i v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Ambassador, xem l\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Walinsky. Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed thu\u00ea ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n, l\u00e0m ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ee7 v\u00e0 v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng cho nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean. Kennedy ng\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i lu\u00f4n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. S\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, t\u00f4i th\u1ee9c d\u1eady v\u00e0 ch\u1ee3t ngh\u0129 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u00e0o ph\u00fat ch\u00f3t. T\u00f4i vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 ra gi\u1ea5y v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, Yvonne, \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i t\u1edbi kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi ra s\u00e2n bay. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t s\u1edbm v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n c\u1ea3. Thang m\u00e1y \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i l\u00ean h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1edbn m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. V\u1eafng tanh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ai. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00eam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n r\u00f4m r\u1ea3 nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean an ninh. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i ph\u00eda ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, trong b\u1ed9 \u00e1o cho\u00e0ng t\u1eafm. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Bobby. Anh ta ch\u01b0a c\u1ea1o r\u00e2u v\u00e0 t\u00f3c tai b\u00f9 x\u00f9, tay c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t t\u00e1ch c\u00e0 ph\u00ea. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u00e0i ph\u00fat. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m anh ta b\u1eadn t\u00e2m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i s\u1eafp n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Adam. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u1eaby t\u1edd gi\u1ea5y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng anh ta hi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 s\u1edbm nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. T\u00f4i \u0111i t\u00ecm Walinski, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Adam r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ai ki\u1ec3m tra ch\u00fang t\u00f4i khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean an ninh n\u00e0o. Anh ta n\u00f3i Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta s\u1ee3 r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p cho Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng, s\u1ebd b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0m g\u00ec. \u00d4ng ta c\u0169ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edfng Los Angeles l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Sam Yorty v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t c\u0169ng v\u00ec l\u00fd do t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1. Tuy nhi\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u00f3 c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c r\u1ea5t l\u1ea1 khi \u0111i v\u00e0o trong \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ea3nh, v\u1eafng tanh v\u1eafng ng\u1eaft. Yvonne th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t ph\u1ea5n ch\u1ea5n khi t\u00ecnh c\u1edd g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i anh ta v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn anh ta nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng g\u1eb7p c\u00f4 ta, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn Yvonne th\u1ea5y h\u01a1i n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng. Nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111i thang m\u00e1y xu\u1ed1ng, \\\"Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 m\u1ed9t ai\\\".","Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4 ta \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i ra s\u00e2n bay. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f9a vui v\u1ebb khi nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa Bobby v\u00e0 Ethel khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0103n t\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd \u1edf Washington, t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean Sander Vanocur. Khi b\u1eefa t\u1ed1i s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac, Vanocur h\u1ecfi xem ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n xem m\u1ed9t show truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7n ma tu\u00fd m\u00e0 anh ta \u0111\u00e3 ghi h\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i sang m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng nh\u1ecf c\u1ea1nh ph\u00f2ng \u0103n xem cu\u1ed1n b\u0103ng. Khi th\u1ea5y Vanocur xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean m\u00e0n h\u00ecnh, \u0111ang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 acid, Ethel n\u00f3i ch\u1eafc nh\u01b0 \u0111inh \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ed9t: \\\"Ma tu\u00fd th\u00ec c\u00f9ng t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u01b0 heroin v\u1eady\\\". Bobby n\u00f3i: \\\"Ethel, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang!\\\" Ethel n\u00f3i: \\\"\u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f2n g\u00ec n\u1eefa\\\". \\\"Ethel, t\u00f4i l\u00e0 u\u1ef7 vi\u00ean c\u00f4ng t\u1ed1 v\u00e0 t\u00f4i n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang\\\", Bobby c\u00e3i l\u1ea1i. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1964, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t bu\u1ed3n c\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ea5t gi\u1ecdng m\u0169i Boston c\u1ee7a anh ta. Anh ta s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p l\u00fd. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean khi t\u00f4i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n anh ta trong l\u00fac \u0111ang l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda t\u1ea1i Cuba. L\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u anh ta kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng vi\u1ec7c s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 Anatoly Dobrynin khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn anh ta v\u1edbi con m\u1eaft kh\u00e1c. Anh ta n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Dobrynin \u0111\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 t\u1ea1i Cuba v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. Bobby cho r\u1eb1ng khi Dobrynin tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m \u1edf Cuba nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n \u0111i, \\\"C\u1ea3 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 anh trai t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1u ngh\u0129 \u00f4ng ta n\u00ean bi\u1ebfn \u0111i v\u00ec \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i d\u1ed1i ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u00f4ng ta cung c\u1ea5p\\\". T\u00f4i t\u1edbi Chicago d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 ba, ng\u00e0y 4 th\u00e1ng s\u00e1u, ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng T\u00f4i \u1edf m\u1ed9t t\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Susan Bellow, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng nhau xem cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng. Kennedy \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea1i ti\u1ec3u bang Nam Dakota v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 s\u1ebd th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i t\u1ea1i California, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 c\u1eed tri r\u1ea5t \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u00d4ng ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng. H\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c d\u00e0i, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ec7t. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1edbi t\u1eadn l\u00fac \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng t\u1ea1i kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Ambassador, ph\u00e1t sau n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam t\u1ea1i California. T\u00f4i \u0111i taxi v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n. S\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng g\u00f5 c\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng khi t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea1o r\u00e2u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 Susan, c\u00f4 \u1ea5y \u0111ang kh\u00f3c. T\u00f4i h\u1ecfi c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec v\u00e0 c\u00f4 \u1ea5y n\u00f3i: \\\"Anh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u01b0? B\u1eadt v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn l\u00ean coi. Bobby b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft r\u1ed3i! T\u00f4i b\u1ee7n r\u1ee7n c\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n tay. V\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111ang ph\u00e1t ph\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a Bobby. Sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh \u00f4ng \u0111i qua \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng. R\u1ed3i c\u1ea3nh \u00f4ng n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean s\u00e0n nh\u00e0 b\u1ebfp, m\u1eaft m\u1edf to. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn n\u00f3i: \\\"\u00d4ng \u1ea5y ch\u1ebft l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng trong b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ec9nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\\\". T\u00f4i th\u1ea5y hoa h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 m\u1eaft. T\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111i l\u1ea1i l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa hai c\u00e1i gi\u01b0\u1eddng trong ph\u00f2ng kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n. T\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f3c, r\u1ed3i kh\u00f3c n\u1ee9c n\u1edf. T\u00f4i ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng, ng\u1ef1c t\u00f4i rung l\u00ean. Susan nh\u00ecn t\u00f4i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec.","B\u00e2y gi\u1edd khi t\u00f4i kh\u00f3c t\u00f4i m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 t\u00f4i y\u00eau qu\u00fd Bobby (m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3). \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y y\u00eau qu\u00fd. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y t\u00f4i ch\u1ee3t nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ebft hy v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o \u00f4ng \u1ea5y: kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 cho c\u1ea3 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i. B\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u00f3ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Sau kho\u1ea3ng n\u1eeda ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, t\u00f4i th\u00f4i kh\u00f3c. T\u00f4i lau n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 lau s\u1ea1ch b\u1ecdt c\u1ea1o r\u00e2u tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t r\u1ed3i m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o. Susan l\u00e1i xe \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i t\u1edbi h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00e2m tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ed1ng t\u00f4i; d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee9c khuya \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m qua \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i tin t\u1ee9c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tham d\u1ef1 cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb trong tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i b\u1ecb s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u00ecm h\u1eb3n xu\u1ed1ng. H\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh n\u00f3i r\u1ea5t h\u0103ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \\\"nghi\u1ec7n\\\" m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00e9m bom chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 n\u0103m sau khi h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u quay v\u1ec1 New York tham d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 tang c\u1ee7a Bobby t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Th\u00e1nh Patrick. T\u00f4i quay v\u1ec1 Los Angeles. Th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y \u1edf Malibu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u1eafng \u0111\u1eb9p. Khi t\u00f4i b\u1eadt v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn l\u00ean, xe tang ch\u1edf thi h\u00e0i Bobby \u0111ang \u0111i d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n ph\u00eda T\u00e2y, qua \u0111\u00e1m \u0111\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i ti\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0a Bobby v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i an ngh\u1ec9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng. T\u00f4i \u0111i d\u1ecdc theo b\u00e3i bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ng\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng, nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng con s\u00f3ng tr\u00e0n b\u1edd. Khi t\u00f4i quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 th\u00ec tr\u00ean v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn v\u1eabn chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfc xe tang m\u00e0u \u0111en \u0111ang di chuy\u1ec3n ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i d\u1ecdc b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom v\u1eabn di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t t\u1ea1i mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc cho \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 19. Ng\u00e0y 1-8, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed \u0111\u01b0a tin m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m 2.581.876 t\u1ea5n bom v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda xu\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00ednh th\u00eam c\u1ea3 1 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 1-3 - khi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 1,5 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 bom M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m xu\u1ed1ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi II - k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Clifford thay th\u1ebf McNamara t\u1ea1i L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c. Trong v\u00f2ng 5 th\u00e1ng th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u1edbi 4 th\u00e1ng sau khi Johnson \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00e9m m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 bom s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi II, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 2 tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u00f3 3 cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi II? Khi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Paris nh\u1ea5t quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu b\u00e0n t\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec kh\u00e1c ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 Johnson s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o hay \\\"s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5i n\u00e0o t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i\\\". Ph\u00eda Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, v\u1edbi l\u00fd do nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u00e1i g\u00ec t\u1eeb ph\u00eda H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 ra s\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng khi l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh vi c\u1ee7a phe Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed9ng trong nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u m\u00e0 t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft cho McNaughton v\u00e0 McNamara v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1965. \u00d4ng H\u1ed3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb c\u01b0\u1edbp Chicago, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd kh\u00f4ng b\u1eafn v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n. \u0110\u1ec3","\u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m r\u1eb1ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc M\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe r\u1ea5t logic nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft M\u1ef9 cho l\u00e0 \\\"t\u1ea7m ph\u00e0o\\\". McCarthy v\u1eabn \u0111ang tham gia tranh c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd r\u01a1i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n - sau khi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta c\u0103m gh\u00e9t b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft. L\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Humphrey c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n v\u1eefng nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n th\u1ea1ch. Khi ngh\u1ec9 gi\u1ea3i lao, t\u00f4i h\u1ed9i \u00fd v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta. Theo l\u1eddi g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta, t\u00f4i t\u1edbi g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2y qu\u1ef9 cho \u00f4ng ta \u1edf Los Angeles, \u0111i xe limousine c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd t\u1edbi n\u01a1i h\u1eb9n g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp theo v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Humphrey mu\u1ed1n ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta lo ng\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng sau khi ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb khi\u1ec3n tr\u00e1ch. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0, \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u00e9m bom. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u00f4ng ta ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb x\u1ea3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng ta l\u1eafng nghe t\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m bi\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng ta v\u1eabn lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 nh\u01b0 khi l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00f3. M\u1ed1i \u0111e do\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Humphrey kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i t\u1eeb B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi hi\u1ec3m ho\u1ea1 t\u1eeb hai \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1edf M\u1ef9. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u00edt c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i trong b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1ch m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Johnson v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh, v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom \u00edt nh\u1ea5t (\u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c nhau. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ecf ra v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 khi mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom hay k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9. Th\u1ef1c ra, \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1eeba ph\u1ec9nh cho c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 ban l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u00ean c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng g\u00ec khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, cho d\u00f9 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tang th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd. Do v\u1eady cho d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t b\u00ean c\u00f3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a b\u00ean kia \u0111i n\u1eefa v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \\\"\u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n\\\" th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec, ch\u1eb3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Hai b\u00ean th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 v\u1eady, ch\u1eb3ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. Chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. H\u01a1n 10.000 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 ch\u1ebft trong n\u0103m 1969, b\u1eb1ng s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u0103m 1967 khi m\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n di\u1ec5n ra c\u00f4ng khai c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt. H\u01a1n 10.000 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 n\u1eefa c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft trong ba n\u0103m \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp theo. Do v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c \\\"ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n, khi mu\u1ed1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh. Vi\u1ec7c \\\"ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ti\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \\\"ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n\\\". M\u1ed9t trong hai \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a khi n\u00f3 l\u00e0","m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, d\u00e2n ch\u00fang h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat ngay, r\u00fat \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean tranh c\u1eed ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng n\u0103m 1968, \u00f4ng Eldridge Cleaver \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb truy t\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i hi\u1ebfp d\u00e2m nh\u01b0ng nay ra tranh c\u1eed cho \u0111\u1ea3ng Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 do t\u1ea1i hai ti\u1ec3u bang New Y\u00f2rk v\u00e0 California. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Kennedy, McCarthy v\u00e0 Humphrey v\u1ea1ch ra m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh cho d\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i b\u1ea7u ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd r\u00fat qu\u00e2n, r\u1ed3i h\u1ed1i th\u00fac ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ra ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p. Hai \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t s\u1ebd ch\u1eb3ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 nh\u00ecn t\u1ed5ng th\u1ec3 th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh. Humphrey ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y. Nh\u01b0ng khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson b\u00e1c b\u1ecf n\u00f3 th\u00ec Humphrey c\u0169ng th\u00f4i lu\u00f4n v\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng ta h\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfc v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd s\u00e2u s\u1eafc t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i b\u1ea7u ra \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. T\u00f4i theo d\u00f5i tranh lu\u1eadn 3 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 tr\u00ean v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u1edf Malibu. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i khi Pierre Salinger n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng Robert Kennedy s\u1ebd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh n\u1ebfu \u00f4ng ta c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng. Nh\u01b0ng c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 Ted Sorensen m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \\\"m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh m\u00e0 Richard Nixon hay Barry Goldwater s\u1ebd vui v\u1ebb ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn\\\", \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 1527 c\u1eed tri c\u1ee7a Johnson \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 so v\u1edbi 1.041 phi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed1ng. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n xem Humphrey \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed. Sau khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i t\u1eaft v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn. Ph\u1ea3i m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau t\u00f4i m\u1edbi xem nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n phim v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 b\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t t\u1ea1i Chicago \u0111\u00eam h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a McCarthy nh\u01b0 Dave Mixner x\u00f4 \u0111\u1ea9y nhau qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Hilton v\u00e0 b\u1ecb c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea9y v\u00e0o trong, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m h\u01a1i cay bay t\u1eadn t\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a McCarthy v\u00e0 Humphrey v\u00e0 c\u1ea3nh nh\u1eefng tr\u1ea1m c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u d\u00e0nh cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eadp tr\u00ean t\u1ea7ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch s\u1ea1n Hilton; c\u1ea3nh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n n\u01a1i di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i b\u1ea7u \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng trong khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. T\u00f4i nh\u1edb s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tin tr\u00ean ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh Today chi\u1ebfu c\u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh b\u1ecb qu\u1eb3ng l\u00ean kh\u00f4ng trung. \u0110o\u1ea1n phim n\u00e0y quay ch\u1eadm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1edf bal\u00ea v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n gh\u00e9p c\u1ea3 nh\u1ea1c v\u00e0o n\u1eefa ch\u1ee9. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ca s\u0129 Frank Sinatra \u0111ang h\u00e1t \\\"Chicago, Chicago\\\". T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i t\u1eaft v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng xem m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed tr\u00ean v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi Johnson th\u1ee5c s\u1ef1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00e9m bom Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31-10-68, n\u0103m ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u0111ang l\u00e0m \u1edf Rand n\u1eefa: \\\"B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" qu\u00e1 \u01b0 bu\u1ed3n th\u1ea3m. T\u00f4i","kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u01a1 quan v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n quan t\u00e2m n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u1ecb sa th\u1ea3i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec n\u1eefa. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian s\u1ea7u th\u1ea3m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9. Khi nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i m\u00f9a h\u00e8 v\u00e0 m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i suy tho\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i suy tho\u00e1i kinh t\u1ebf. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec h\u1eefu \u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0m n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 hai \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111i kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i g\u00ec t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00e9m bom. \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 gi\u00fap h\u1ecd th\u1eafng c\u1eed hay khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecd. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau l\u1edbn gi\u1eefa hai \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Johnson v\u00e0 Nixon trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u01b0ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 n\u00f3i th\u00ec c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1eefa Johnson v\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Do v\u1eady, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau trong quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Nixon v\u00e0 Humphrey v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ai bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00e0nh cho Humphrey c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn khi\u1ebfn cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn trong n\u0103m hay s\u00e1u n\u0103m. Tuy nhi\u00ean t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee9 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n hay nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c hay \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 McCarthy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn Humphrey cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Humphrey m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u1eeda v\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i \u1edf Chicago, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft cho r\u1eb1ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau gi\u1eefa hai \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng lo l\u1eafng l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 Nixon v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1i b\u1ecf b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Humphrey. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y ho\u00e1 ra c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng s\u00e2u xa, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed bi k\u1ecbch, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n th\u00ec t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fd do \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho h\u1ecd. Trong su\u1ed1t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 coi m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i l\u1ed7i khi t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft v\u00e0 theo c\u1ea3m t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 t\u00f4i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u1ee9ng t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, Nixon che \u0111\u1eady nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta r\u1ea5t kh\u00e9o, tr\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng ta l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn r\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta bi\u1ebft s\u1ebd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 h\u1ecd. N\u1ebfu m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n bi\u1ebft - m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng - v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng khoan nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ea7n c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian duy nh\u1ea5t trong m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m khi \u00fd ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh ch\u1ec9 v\u00ec ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1eadp trung v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ri\u00eang t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a v\u1ee3. Khi Johnson tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 31-10 r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom","to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, t\u00f4i ch\u1ee3t nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i b\u1ed9 phim trong \u0111\u00f3 Humphrey v\u00e0 Muskie c\u00f3 tham gia di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u01b0\u1edbc phim kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n phim t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 Humphrey v\u00e0 Muskie ch\u01a1i bowling trong m\u1ed9t c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u00f3 hai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bowling \u0111\u1ee7 cho hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u01a1i, b\u00f3ng b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t trong \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u1ee1 ra. M\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i vang l\u00ean: \\\"\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed\\\". Trong qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Nixon, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ta m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n b\u00f3. S\u1ef1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea5n kh\u00edch khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 Humphrey t\u00e0i ba h\u01a1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t t\u1edd poster Humphrey-Muskie, sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i d\u00e1n l\u00ean xe h\u01a1i. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eb7n g\u00ec cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 keo d\u00ednh c\u00f3 l\u00e0m bong l\u1edbp s\u01a1n tr\u00ean xe c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i khi t\u00f4i b\u00f3c t\u1edd poster ra m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 - nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 t\u00f4i quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eafng c\u1eed. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t s\u00edt sao, v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u cho th\u1ea5y Humphrey d\u1eabn \u0111i\u1ec3m nh\u1ec9nh h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 xoay x\u1edf v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean Nixon t\u1eeb v\u1ecb tr\u00ed k\u00e9m Nixon 15 \u0111i\u1ec3m sau khi Nixon gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng ch\u00edn khi \u00f4ng ta tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t n\u00e9m bom mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u1ef1 b\u1ee9t ph\u00e1 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00edch x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng Humphrey; \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u1ea5m h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu, khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Thi\u1ec7u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Paris. Humphrey gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 31.270.000 phi\u1ebfu (k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 l\u00e1 phi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i) v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 5 th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, chi\u1ebfm 42.7% s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u. Wallace \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kho\u1ea3ng 9.906.000 phi\u1ebfu, chi\u1ebfm 13,5%, gi\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec1u so v\u1edbi 20% s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00f4ng ta gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u ph\u00f3 t\u00e1 c\u00f9ng tham gia tranh c\u1eed l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng LeMay t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o trong \u0111\u00f3 Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0\u1edbng Jack D. Ripper. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng trong cu\u1ed9c tranh \u0111ua ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 31.770.000 phi\u1ebfu, h\u01a1n Humphrey 500.000 phi\u1ebfu, m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng v\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn 7\/10 c\u1ee7a 1%. Richard Nixon \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi 43.4% s\u1ed1 phi\u1ebfu b\u1ea7u. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i v\u1ebb vang g\u00ec. Tuy nhi\u00ean, r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u1eed tri, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu cho \u00f4ng ta, v\u1eabn hy v\u1ecdng \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd k\u1ebft th\u00fac chi\u1ebfn tranh \\\"trong danh d\u1ef1\\\". Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 th\u00edch c\u00e2u n\u00f3i nghe k\u00eau nh\u01b0 chu\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3? V\u00e0 c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \\\"trong danh d\u1ef1\\\" c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta? C\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy \u0111o\u00e1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac trong nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 th\u1ee9 hai.","","Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng\t15 T\u1edbi\tKh\u00e1ch\tS\u1ea1n\tPierre Trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian hai n\u0103m sau khi Lyndon Johnson quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ra tranh c\u1eed l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, t\u1eeb tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31-3-1968 t\u1edbi khi Nixon x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Campuchia ng\u00e0y 30-4-1970, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf M\u1ef9 b\u00e0n c\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00f3ng h\u1ed5i. Trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ecdn \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ra tranh c\u1eed T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng tranh c\u1eed v\u00e0o m\u00f9a thu v\u00e0 16 th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nixon, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1ed5i l\u00ean hai l\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: trong \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Chicago v\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng s\u00e1u tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1969. Vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y tranh c\u00e3i v\u00e0 b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c (tr\u1eeb trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 v\u1eeba n\u00eau tr\u00ean) ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh ni\u1ec1m tin ki\u00ean \u0111\u1ecbnh trong \u0111\u1edfi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf M\u1ef9: tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Johnson ng\u00e0y 31-3, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda b\u1eafc c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t nhanh ch\u00f3ng s\u1ef1 can thi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c - t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt \\\"L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1945-1968\\\" - ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 trong nh\u1eefng trang cu\u1ed1i v\u00e0 ngay trong ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u00f3. Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c McNamara b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1967, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian, v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1969; nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 31-3-1968. Vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng ai ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3 (Morton H. Halperin v\u00e0 Leslie Geth, d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Paul Warnke) c\u00f3 c\u00f9ng ni\u1ec1m tin nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n kh\u1ecfi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebft 3 trang \u1edf cu\u1ed1i t\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u n\u00e0y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y 3-4 c\u1ee7a H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i r\u1eb1ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp: \\\"B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. Trong m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7y k\u1ecbch t\u00ednh, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra kh\u1ecfi tranh","lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc\\\"[90]. C\u00e1i g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \\\"\u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n\\\" \u0111\u00f3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong g\u1ea7n hai n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng g\u00ec n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 ni\u1ec1m tin b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eadn k\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u01b0ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng v\u00e0 quy m\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3m. Sau th\u00e1ng 3-1968, m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ed9i bom tr\u00ean v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 20 \u1edf B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eefa. Sau th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u1ed9i bom m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u00e0o xu\u1ed1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 M\u1ef9 ch\u1ec9 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e9m bom sang Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 L\u00e0o (v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1969 chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e9m bom sang c\u1ea3 Campuchia), m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom l\u1edbn h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 11-1968 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8-1969, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1edd ngh\u1ec7ch hy v\u1ecdng (nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c) v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c nh\u00f3m thi\u1ec3u s\u1ed1 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 leo thang b\u1eb1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Washington hay H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u00ednh t\u1edbi ng\u00e0y 6-11-1968, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y sau b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ecb \u00e1m \u1ea3nh b\u1edfi chi\u1ebfn tranh Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ea7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng ngh\u0129 g\u00ec v\u1ec1 n\u00f3 n\u1eefa. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, tin t\u1ee9c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed cho bi\u1ebft Hubert Humphrey \u0111\u00e3 thua cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu cho Humphrey v\u00ec m\u1ecdi l\u00fd do nh\u01b0ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00fd do g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Nixon c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 l\u00e2u h\u01a1n Humphrey. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, \u00f4ng ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9m bom \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t, m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1, v\u00e0 Nixon \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed \u00f4ng ta c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb mu\u1ed1n t\u1edbi S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc k\u1ef3 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed, \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed1i th\u00fac Thi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Paris. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, l\u1eddi b\u00ecnh lu\u1eadn t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 t\u00f4i nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 Nixon l\u00e0 t\u1eeb Henry Kissinger c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Harvard. \u00d4ng ta l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u01b0ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Nelson Rockefeller. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m Rand v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 s\u00e1u, 8-11, ba ng\u00e0y sau cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed theo l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Fred Ikl\u00e9, Tr\u01b0\u1edfng khoa Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Trong bu\u1ed5i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3, Kissinger nh\u1eafc \u0111i nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0: \\\"Richard Nixon kh\u00f4ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng\\\". D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t l\u1ed9 li\u1ec5u \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y khi Nixon \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Kissinger nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi m\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nixon v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00f3, l\u00e0m C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n An ninh qu\u1ed1c gia. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean Kissinger t\u1edbi th\u0103m Rand sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1950 v\u00ec Rand ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta coi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n","h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 trong ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 vi\u1ebft trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u0103m 1957: \\\"V\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i\\\". Ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nixon, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0m ph\u00f3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. M\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh in tr\u00ean trang nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York cho th\u1ea5y Nixon c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch, t\u00ean quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, khi \u00f4ng ta b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng An ninh qu\u1ed1c gia. T\u00f4i ngh\u0129 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o s\u00e1ch k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m qua, c\u1ea3 Nixon v\u00e0 Kissinger \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 t\u00edch c\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, Ikl\u00e9 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi Kissinger v\u00e0 n\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng ta v\u1edbi Rand. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta, k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1965, khi \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n t\u1edbi th\u0103m \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Lodge. Trong bu\u1ed5i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1968 t\u1ea1i Rand, \u00f4ng ta n\u00f3i v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Rand, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng, \\\"t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Dan Ellsberg nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ai \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\". \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghe th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p. Kissinger c\u00f3 th\u00f3i quen t\u00e2ng b\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ai \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng ta \u0111ang mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i g\u00ec. \u0110\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 cung c\u1ea5p cho \u00f4ng ta khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1965 - l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t hay: l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho \u00f4ng ta th\u1eadt nhanh. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y tr\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c hay n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi ai \u0111\u00f3 khi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t s\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Thay v\u00ec l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ta n\u00ean t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm nh\u1eefng ai \u0111\u00e3 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e2u, nh\u1eefng ai hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh - \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng ai n\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i l\u1ea1i gi\u1eefa th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. \u00d4ng ta n\u00ean n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 h\u1ecd k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng ta n\u00ean h\u1ecfi t\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta khuy\u00ean nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n t\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a cho \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng \u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng trong ch\u1eebng m\u1ef1c m\u00e0 t\u00f4i bi\u1ebft, McNamara kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y trong nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng du th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta t\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng tham d\u1ef1 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c ch\u00f3p bu; v\u00e0 khi \u00f4ng ta g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n hay c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan tham m\u01b0u c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00ec bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3u \u1ea5y s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng ta t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 qu\u00e1n v\u00e0 Tham m\u01b0u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd l\u00f4i k\u00e9o v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta s\u1ebd b\u1ecb l\u1eeba d\u00f2\u00ed \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9","n\u00e0o. \u0110i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 c\u0169ng \u0111\u00fang v\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u1ea5p cao kh\u00e1c. T\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u00f5 n\u00e9t r\u1eb1ng Kissinger th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m theo nh\u1eefng g\u00ec t\u00f4i khuy\u00ean n\u00ean l\u00e0m, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u00f4ng ta th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f4i g\u1ee3i \u00fd n\u00ean g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p ng\u1eafn ng\u1ee7i, \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi r\u1ea5t th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 l\u1eafng nghe, ghi ch\u00e9p c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn nh\u1eefng g\u00ec nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ch\u1eb3ng bao l\u00e2u, Kissinger c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi ng\u1edd v\u00e0 bi quan v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. N\u0103m 1967 v\u00e0 1968, t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng Kissinger tham d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam, n\u01a1i \u00f4ng ta tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \\\"\u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i\\\" h\u01a1n c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia kh\u00e1c t\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng ta l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd l\u00e0 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 chuy\u1ec3n giao h\u1ee3p l\u00fd sau khi ch\u00fang ta ra \u0111i v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ebfm m\u00f9i nh\u1ee5c nh\u00e3 v\u00ec th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. \u00d4ng ta kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u00f5 l\u00e0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong bao l\u00e2u; trong nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i l\u00e0 s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ebfn hai n\u0103m. R\u1ea5t \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00ecnh dung ra r\u1eb1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00e2u h\u01a1n th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng l\u00e2u h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t khi qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat h\u1ebft \u0111i. L\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n l\u00e2u \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Kissinger l\u00e0 B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng r\u00fat. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 S\u00e0i g\u00f2n v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i VNCH \u0111\u1ed1i ch\u1ecdi v\u1edbi M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00e0 trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t hai n\u0103m n\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 tho\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi. Li\u1ec7u H\u00e0 n\u1ed9i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean c\u00f9ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1969 v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng. Trong v\u00f2ng s\u00e1u n\u0103m sau, B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. L\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau ra trong \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n - th\u1ef1c ra c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n nghi\u00eam t\u00fac n\u00e0o - v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 \u00edt nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. Do v\u1eady \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00edch h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n. N\u0103m 1967, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9, d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n hay ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1eabn l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Howard Zinn hay Noam Chomsky (t\u00f4i m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u00e0y), c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 Abbie Hoffman v\u00e0 Dave Dellinger v\u00e0 \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a phe Ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 T\u1ef1 do Eldridge Cleaver. Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1edbn duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 Martin Luther King.","C\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 cho chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch tranh c\u1eed n\u0103m 1968 r\u1ea5t gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Johnson \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nixon \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Nelson Rockerfeller, n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt l\u00e0 Henry Kissinger \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i quan \u0111i\u1ec3m di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c bang Ronald Reagan. Tuy nhi\u00ean, quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Kissinger g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t trong h.ai \u0110\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n giao d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u00edt tham v\u1ecdng h\u01a1n v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n h\u01a1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ch\u00ednh gi\u1edbi mu\u1ed1n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai. N\u00f3 di qu\u00e1 c\u1ea3 vi\u1ec7c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p - c\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u0129nh tho\u1ea3 hi\u1ec7p m\u00e0 Humphrey ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0ng Johnson v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf - \u0111\u1ec3 quy \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, kh\u00f4ng ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i n\u0103m. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o c\u00f4ng khai tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, Kissinger ch\u01b0a c\u00f4ng khai tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed1i th\u00fac \u1ee9ng c\u1eed vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 Nelson Rockerfeller. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ng\u1eebng n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 r\u00fat qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd n\u00f3i t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u1edf Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed khi b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c ri\u00eang v\u1edbi nhau, Kissinger s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft c\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ng\u1eafn h\u1ea1n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y nghe th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 qu\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi phe ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch. Nh\u00ecn chung, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch di\u1ec1u h\u00e2u v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec Kissinger n\u00f3i trong n\u0103m 1968, th\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea5y an t\u00e2m khi Nixon b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u1ecdn \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0m C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n An ninh qu\u1ed1c gia sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. \u1ea8n \u00fd \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a Nixon \\\"tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi v\u0169ng l\u1ea7y Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" c\u0169ng l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Humphrey. Gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 khi b\u00e0i b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Kissinger \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f3 ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 l\u00e0 \\\"\u0110\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang n\u0103m 1969. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn ri\u00eang tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm \\\"th\u1eddi gian qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd\\\" tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c b\u00e0n th\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n r\u1ea3nh th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c c\u00f2n h\u01a1n th\u1ebf. Xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng l\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c, trong \u0111\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 hai th\u00e1ng, b\u00e0i b\u00e1o n\u00e0y tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y lu\u1ed3ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ch\u00ednh th\u1ed1ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u1eb7c nhi\u00ean cho r\u1eb1ng t\u00e2n T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i b\u00e1o, ho\u1eb7c \u00edt nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 s\u01a1 n\u1ed9i dung \u0111\u00f3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u00e0i b\u00e1o. \u1ea4n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. Ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o \u00f4ng ta c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 th\u1eadm ch\u00ed v\u1ec1 sau n\u00e0y, Nixon kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng S\u00e0i G\u00f2n s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n sau th\u1eddi","gian \\\"qu\u00e1 \u0111\u1ed9\\\" h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00f4 th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng quy m\u00f4 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Kissinger ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebfp m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u00e0i b\u00e1o xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ed m\u1eadt m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ta gi\u1eef k\u00edn, kh\u00f4ng cho ai \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng bi\u1ebft. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nixon b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m, Kissinger y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Harry Rowen, Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Rand chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \\\"C\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam\\\" v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a U\u1ef7 ban An ninh qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang. \u00d4ng ta y\u00eau c\u1ea7u vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y th\u00f4ng qua Fred Inkle. Harry \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3. V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Kissinger \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00f3 h\u01a1i do d\u1ef1. Inkle n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng Kissinger r\u1ea5t vui khi c\u00f3 t\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ta h\u01a1i nghi ng\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat v\u1ec1 \\\"t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t\\\" c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai nghi ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3, trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 v\u1eeba qua. To\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \\\"t\u00e0i ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t\\\" c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i (T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng Kissinger hay ai \u0111\u00f3 ngo\u00e0i t\u1edd Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o New York bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m ngo\u00e1i t\u00f4i c\u00f3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt cung c\u1ea5p th\u00f4ng tin cho Neil Sheehan). \u0110i\u1ec1u g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng ta nghi ng\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Fred tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \\\"Henry n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u00f4ng ta v\u00ec anh t\u1ecf ra th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn khi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u01b0ng b\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u1edf v\u00e0o c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c \u0111i ng\u1ee5 \u00fd \u00f4ng ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb t\u00ednh trung th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fd do t\u1ea1i sao \u00f4ng ta t\u00e2ng b\u1ed1c t\u00f4i v\u00e0i tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc - c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u00f4ng ta lo l\u1eafng khi nh\u1eadn t\u00f4i v\u00e0o l\u00e0m t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Fred: \\\"Nh\u01b0ng khi t\u00f4i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u00f4ng ta l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ta l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 v\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c cho s\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u01a1 m\u00e0?\\\". Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 g\u00ec. Th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1n x\u00e9t gi\u1edd \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f2n cao h\u01a1n. Ho\u00e1 ra Kissinger kh\u00e1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng khai r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng ta quay ra nh\u1edd Rand gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1, m\u00e0 Rand l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng ty ngo\u00e0i, ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh (theo chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0) trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng ta kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u1edfi v\u00ec t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ebft t\u00f4i ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh vi\u1ec7c M\u1ef9 can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng t\u00f4i m\u00e0 Kissinger \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho t\u00f4i tham gia v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. T\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Fred r\u1eb1ng Henry kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lo l\u1eafng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ho\u00e0i nghi khi tham gia l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3u nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y. \u0110i\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3n nhi\u00ean l\u00e0 t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Kissinger, khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1ch tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y c\u1ee7a anh ta c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \\\"c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng\\\", \\\"kh\u00e1ch quan, th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \\\"ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c nhau\\\" m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n n\u00e0y h\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n kh\u00e1c. T\u1ea1i th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y an t\u00e2m v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c nhau m\u00e0 t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft, trong b\u00e0i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng. N\u1ebfu T\u1ed5ng"]