44 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 4#0)-7/#0 &QPIGPI CFCNCJ EGTKVC HKMUK 6QMQJVQMQJ FCNCO FQPIGPI FCRCV DGTWRC FGYCFGYC DKPCVCPIDKPCVCPI CVCW TCLCTCLC *CNJCN [CPI OGPQPLQN FCNCO FQPIGPI CFCNCJ TCPIMCKCP RGTKUVKYC CVCW CNWT FCP RGUCP [CPI KPIKP FKUCORCKMCP $GTMCKVCP FGPICP JCN KVW OCMC MGOGPCTKMCP FQPIGPI FCRCV FKNKJCV FCTK RGTKUVKYC [CPI FKJCFKTMCP FCP RGUCP [CPI VGTUKTCV CVCW RWP VGTUWTCVFCNCOFQPIGPIVGTUGDWV -GOGPCTKMCP UGUGQTCPI VGTJCFCR RGTKUVKYC FCNCO FQPIGPI DGTDGFCDGFC -KVCJCTWUOGPIJCTICKRGTDGFCCPKVW 2GPICNCOCP FKMCVCMCPOGPIGUCPMCP DKNC UCCV MKVC VGTKPICV MGODCNK FGPICP RGTKUVKYC KVW RGTCUCCP UCCV OGPICNCOK RGTKUVKYC KVW OWPEWN MGODCNK /CMUWFP[C LKMC RGPICNCOCP MKVC OGP[GFKJMCP MKVC CMCP UGFKJ NCIK ,KMC RGPICNCOCPMKVCOGODWCVMKVCOCTCJMKVCCMCPOCTCJFCPUGDCICKP[C %CTC OGPEGTKVCMCP RGPICNCOCP OGPIGUCPMCP RGTVCOC CFCNCJ OGPIKPICV MGODCNK RGTKUVKYC [CPI RGTPCJ FKCNCOK -GFWC CFCNCJ OGPFCVC UGNWTWJ RGTKUVKYCUGECTCTWPVWV&GPICPMCVCNCKPMCOWRGTNWOGPWNKUMCPCNWTEGTKVC FCTK RGTKUVKYC [CPI MCOW CNCOK -GVKIC CFCNCJ OGTKPEK UGNWTWJ RGNCMW [CPI DGTJWDWPICP FGPICP RGTKUVKYC -GGORCV CFCNCJ OGNWMKUMCP UWCUCPC VGORCV FCP YCMVW VGTLCFKP[C RGTKUVKYC -GNKOC CFCNCJ OGODWCV MGTCPIMC EGTKVC&CPVGTCMJKTCFCNCJOGPIGODCPIMCPMGTCPIMCOGPLCFKUGDWCJEGTKVC WVWJ 7PUWT KPVTKPUKM FCNCO EGTKVC HKMUK CFCNCJ VQMQJ YCVCM NCVCT CNWT RGUCP VGOC FCP UWFWV RCPFCPI #NWT CFCNCJ TCPIMCKCP RGTKUVKYC [CPI VGTLCFK DGTFCUCTMCPJWDWPICPUGDCDCMKDCV2GUCPCFCNCJUGUWCVWJCNMGDCKMCP[CPI KPIKP FKUCORCKMCP RGPWNKU MGRCFC RGODCEC 5GFCPIMCP UWFWV RCPFCPI CFCNCJ ECTC UVTCVGIK CVCW UKCUCV [CPI UGECTC UGPICLC FKRKNKJ WPVWM OGP[CORCKMCPICICUCPP[C %CVCVCP JCTKCP CFCNCJ ECVCVCP RGTKUVKYC OGPIGUCPMCP [CPI FKCNCOK UGUGQTCPI %CVCVCP JCTKCP DKUC OGPLCFK DCJCP WPVWM OGPWNKU DKQITCHK UGUGQTCPI $CJCUCFCNCOECVCVCPJCTKCPCFCNCJDCJCUCGMURTGUKH$CJCUCGMURTGUKHVKFCM VGTKMCV FGPICP CVWTCP MGDCJCUCCP OGPIIWPCMCP IC[C DCJCUC OGPCTKM FCP KPFCJOCORWOGPIICODCTMCPRGTCUCCPICICUCPFCPOCMUWFMKVC REFLEKSI -GOCORWCP /CORW $GNWO %CVCVCP /CORW /GPGOWMCPJCNJCNOGPCTKMFCTKFQPIGPI[CPI FKRGTFGPICTMCP /GPEGTKVCMCPRGPICNCOCP[CPIRCNKPIOGPIGUCPMCP FGPICPOGPIIWPCMCPRKNKJCPMCVCFCPMCNKOCVGHGMVKH /GPEGTKVCMCPMGODCNKEGTKVCCPCM[CPIFKDCEC /GPWNKUDWMWJCTKCPFGPICPOGORGTJCVKMCPECTC RGPIWPIMCRCPFCPDCJCUC[CPIDCKMFCPDGPCT8QLW 3HULVWLZD
UNIT 3PARIWISATA 6XPEHU KWWS ZZZEDNRVXUWDQDOJRLG *DPEDU3HWD3DULZLVDWD'DHUDK,VWLPHZD<RJ\DNDUWD 7DKXNDKNDPXEDKZD,QGRQHVLDPHPLOLNLNHND\DDQDODPEXGD\DGDQDGDW\DQJOXDUELDVD LQGDKGDQEHUDQHNDUDJDP\".HPDMHPXNDQ,QGRQHVLDPHUXSDNDQNHND\DDQ\DQJWLGDNWHUQLODL KDUJDQ\D6HWLDSVXNXEDQJVDGHQJDQDGDWGDQEXGD\DQ\DPHQDPEDKNHFDQWLNDQGDQNHNKDVDQ ,QGRQHVLD 3HVRQDDODPEXGD\DVHQLGDQDGDW\DQJEHUDQHNDUDJDPELVDGLMDGLNDQDVHWZLVDWD7HWDSL VD\DQJNHND\DDQLQLEHOXPGLRODKVHFDUDPDNVLPDO%HOXPDGDSHQJKDUJDDQVHFDUDPDNVLPDO XQWXNEXGD\D,QGRQHVLD:DMDUELODODJX5DVD6D\DQJHGDQ7DUL5HRJ3RQRURJRGXDEXGD\D GDQNHND\DDQNLWDGLDNXLROHKQHJDUDODLQ 0DULNLWDMDJDKDUWDNLWD%XGD\DODJXGDHUDKNHND\DDQDODPNHLQGDKDQSDQWDLSHJXQXQJDQ DGDWLVWLDGDWGDQVHPXDKDO\DQJELVDGLPDQIDDWNDQXQWXNZLVDWD-DGLNDQSDULZLVDWDVHEDJDL DQGDODQDVHWEDQJVD,QGRQHVLD-LND3DULZLVDWDPHQMDGLDQGDODQNHND\DDQDODPEXGD\DODJX GDHUDKWDULDQGDHUDKGDQNHND\DDQODLQWLGDNPXQJNLQGLDPELOROHKQHJDUDODLQ 3DGD8QLWLQLNDPXDNDQGLSHUNHQDONDQGHQJDQGXQLDSDULZLVDWDGHQJDQPHODNXNDQ NHJLDWDQ PHQXOLVNHPEDOLEHULWD\DQJGLGHQJDU PHPEDFDFHSDW GDQ PHQXOLVVXUDWSULEDGL45
46 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. #/GPWNKU-GODCNK$GTKVC /GPFGPICTMCP2GODCECCP$GTKVC /GPWNKUMCP2QMQM2QMQM$GTKVC /GPWNKU-GODCNK$GTKVCFCNCO5CVW2CTCITCH /GP[WPVKPI $GTNCVKJ5GPFKTK 6WICU4WOCJ 2#4+9+5#6# $/GODCEC%GRCV /GODCEC6GMU /GPLCYCD2GTVCP[CCP /GOCJCOK6GMPKM/GODCEC%GRCV $GTNCVKJ/GODCECFGPICP6GMPKM /GP[KORWNMCP+UK$CECCP 6WICU4WOCJ %/GPWNKU5WTCV2TKDCFK /GPICOCVK5WTCV2TKDCFK $CIKCP$CIKCP5WTCV2TKDCFK $GTNCVKJ/GPWNKU5WTCV2TKDCFK /GP[WPVKPI5WTCV2TKDCFK6GOCP /GPIKTKO5WTCV 6WICU4WOCJ8QLW 3DULZLVDWD
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 47 # /GPWNKUMCP-GODCNK$GTKVC &K WPKV MCOW UWFCJ DGNCLCT OGP[KORWNMCP KUK DGTKVC &K WPKV KPK MCOW MGODCNKFKCLCMWPVWMOGPFGPICTMCPDGTKVC0COWP5GVGNCJOGPFGPICTMCPDGTKVC MCOW FKOKPVC OGPWNKUMCP MGODCNK DGTKVC [CPI MCOW FGPICT MG FCNCO DGDGTCRC MCNKOCV $CICKOCPCECTCP[C!%CTCP[COWFCJ2GTVCOCUKOCMFGPICPDCKMDGTKVC[CPI FKDCECMCP VGTUGDWV -GFWC UCODKN OGP[KOCM MCOW OGPECVCV MCVC MWPEK -GVKIC LCDCTMCP MG FCNCO DGDGTCRC MCNKOCV MCVC MWPEK [CPI MCOW VWNKU #RC KVW MCVC MWPEK! -CVC MWPEK CFCNCJ MCVC [CPI OGPLCFK RQMQM RGODKECTCCP -CVC MWPEK DKCUCP[CFKUGDWVDGTWNCPIWNCPI5GNCKPKVWLWICFKLGNCUMCPFCNCOMCNKOCVMCNKOCV RGPLGNCU0CJOWFCJDWMCP7PVWMNGDKJLGNCUP[CKMWVKMGIKCVCPKPKFGPICPDCKM /GPFGPICTMCP2GODCECCP$GTKVC 6GOCPOWOGODCECMCPDGTKVCFGPICTMCPNCJFGPICPUCMUCOC5KCRMCPMGTVCU FCPRWNRGPECVCVNCJMCVCMWPEK[CPIMCOWFGPICT 1DLGM9KUCVC$CPVKOWTWPI -CDWRCVGP/CTQU5WNCYGUK5GNCVCP /CTQU 5WNCYGUK 5GNCVCP 1DLGM YKUCVC $CPVKOWTWPI 6XPEHU KWWS ZZZVXOVHOJRLGWLSVSDULZLVDWDWLSVȱ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
48 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. -CVC CRC [CPI UGNCNW FKWNCPIWNCPI FCNCO DGTKVC FK CVCU! 5WFCJMCJ OGPWNKU MCVC MWPEK!%QDCUCNKPMCVCMWPEK[CPIMCOWVWNKUFKDWMWVWICUOW +PKNCJMCVCMWPEK[CPIMWVGOWMCP $CPVKOWTWPI 5WNUGN CKTVGTLWP ŗ ŗ ŗ ŗ ŗ ŗ ŗ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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 49 /GPW NKU-GODCNK$GTKVCFCNCO5CVW2CTCITCH -COW UWFCJ OGPFKUMWUKMCP MCVC MWPEK 5GNCKP KVW MCOW LWIC UWFCJ OGPIWTCKMCP MCVCMWPEKOGPLCFKDGDGTCRCMCNKOCVDGTKVC.CMWMCPMGIKCVCPDGTKMWV 6WNKUMGODCNKWTCKCPDGTKVCOWFCNCOUCVWRCTCITCH ȱȱ ȱȱȱQDLGMYKUCVC $CPVKOWTWPIFGPICPCKTVGTLWPKPFCJŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ ȱ ȱ ȱȱ¢ȱȱȱȱǷȱ /GP[WPVKPI 5GDWCJRGMGTLCCPVKFCMCMCPUGORWTPCLKMCVKFCMFKRGTKMUCQTCPINCKP6WMCTMCP JCUKNMGTLCOWFGPICPVGOCPMGNQORQMNCKP/KPVCNCJVGOCPFCTKMGNQORQMNCKP OGPIQTGMUKRGMGTLCCPMCNKCPDGIKVWLWICUGDCNKMP[C$GTKNCJECVCVCPWPVWMMCVCMCVC CVCWMCNKOCV[CPIDGNWOUGUWCK#VCWOWPIMKPCFCMCNKOCV[CPIVKFCMUCVWKFG $GTNCVKJ5GPFKTK ȱȱ¢ȱȱǷȱȱ ȱȱȱȱȱǷȱȱ ȱȬȱȱ¢ȱȱȱȱȱǷȱȱ ȱȱȬȱȱȱȱȱ¢ȱǷȱ 8QLW 3DULZLVDWD
50 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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ambar 3.3. Salah Satu Kelompok Peserta Lomba Parade Tari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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 51 6WICU4WOCJ &GPICTMCPNCJCECTCDGTKVCFKUCNCJUCVWUVCUKWPVGNGXKUK 6WNKUNCJMCVCMCVCMWPEKFCTKDGTKVC[CPIMCOWFGPICT 6WNKUMGODCNKFCNCOUGDWCJRCTCICH[CPIUGKFG 6WPLWMMCPJCUKNMGTLCOWMGRCFCIWTWGUQMJCTK/KPVCNCJ VCPIICRCPIWTWOW $/GODCEC%GRCV $GTCRCMGEGRCVCPOGODCECOW! $GTCRCMCVC[CPIDKUCMCOWDCECFCNCOYCMVWUCVWOGPKV! 5GVGNCJOGODCECDGTCRCRGTUGPKUKDCECCP[CPIMCOWRCJCOK! $CICKOCPCECTCOWOGODCECEGRCV! -GIKCVCP MKVC MCNK KPK CFCNCJ OGODCEC EGRCV MCVC RGT OGPKV 5GVGNCJ OGODCEC MCNKCP FKVWPVWV WPVWM DKUC OGP[KORWNMCP KUK DCECCP -CNKCP RCUVK KPIKP OGPLCFK RGODCEC[CPIDCKM2GODCEC[CPIFCRCVOGOCJCOKKUKDCECCPFGPICPUGORWTPC 0CJKMWVKMGIKCVCPDGTKMWVFGPICPDCKM /GODCEC6GMU $GTRCUCPICPNCJFGPICPVGOCPUGDCPIMWOW$CECNCJVGMUDGTKMWVUGNCOCUCVWOGPKV .CMWMCPUGECTCDGTICPVKCP5CCVMCOWOGODCECVGOCPOW[CPIOGPIWMWT MGEGRCVCPOWFGPICPUVQRYCEJ$GIKVWRWNCUGDCNKMP[C -QPUGPVTCUKNCJ2CJCOKKUKDCECCP 8QLW 3DULZLVDWD
52 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
54 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 55 $GTKNCJ VCPFC $ LKMC RGTP[CVCCP DGTKMWV DGPCT CVCW UGUWCK FGPICP DCECCP FCP DGTKNCJ VCPFC5LKMCRGTP[CVCCPDGTKMWVUCNCJCVCWVKFCMUGUWCKFGPICPDCECCP %QDCNCJWPVWM VKFCMOGNKJCVMGODCNKDCECCP $CVCUWVCTCQDLGMYKUCVC5KVW$CIGPFKVCFCNCJ&GUC%KRKEWPIFCPUGDGNCJ UGNCVCPDGTDCVCUCPFGPICP&GUC$CP[WTGUOK #MVKXKVCUYKUCVC[CPIFCRCVFKNCMWMCPFK5KVW$CIGPFKVKPKCPVCTCNCKP OGPKMOCVKRGOCPFCPICPFCPOGPIGNKNKPIKFCPCWFGPICPOGPIIWPCMCP OQVQTDQCV 1DLGMYKUCVC5KVW$CIGPFKVFKMGNQNCQNGJ$CRCM#LCP5QDCTK *CTICOCUWMVKMGVMGMCYCUCPKPK4RQTCPIWPVWMFGYCUCFCP 4RQTCPIWPVWMCPCMCPCM -WCNKVCUNKPIMWPICPMGDGTUKJCPDGPVCPICNCODCPIWPCPDCPIWPCPDCKM [CPIRGTOCPGPOCWRWPUGOKRGTOCPGP8KUCDKNKVCUFKMCYCUCP5KVW $CIGPFKVFCNCOMGCFCCPDCKM (CUKNKVCUWOWONCKPUGRGTVKCTGCNRCTMKTVQKNGVVCOCPDGTOCKPFCPVGORCV KDCFCJFCNCOMGCFCCPDCKMFCPLWONCJP[COGOCFCK ,CTCMMCYCUCPYKUCVC5KVW$CIGPFKVKPKFCTKRWUCVMQVC)CTWV[CKVWMO 2GPIWPLWPI[CPIDGTMWPLWPIMGQDLGMYKUCVCKPKRGTDWNCPP[COGPECRCK QTCPI *KVWPILWONCJDGPCT$CICKOCPCJCUKNOGODCECEGRCVOWFGPICPVGMPKM[CPIVGRCV!6GPVW NGDKJDCKMFKDCPFKPIMCPVCPRCVGMPKM 6GTWUNCJDGTNCVKJOGODCECEGRCVCICTMCOWNGDKJOCJKTOGODCEC /GP[KORWNMCP+UK$CECCP #RC [CPI MCOW MGVCJWK VGPVCPI MGUKORWNCP! -GUKORWNCP CFCNCJ RGPFCRCV VGTCMJKT FCTKWTCKCP[CPICFC7TCKCPFCNCOJCNKPKCFCNCJVGMUCVCWDCECCP 6CJWMCJ MCOW DCICKOCPC ECTC OGP[KORWNMCP! 2GTVCOC MCOW VGPVWMCP KFG RQMQM UGVKCR RCTCITCH -GFWC VGPVWMCP JCN RGPVKPI FCNCO KFG RQMQM [CPI MCOW VGOWMCP &CTK JCN RGPVKPI [CPI MCOW VGOWMCP VWNKUMCP RGPFCRCVOW 2GPFCRCV VGTCMJKTOW KVW OGTWRCMCPMGUKORWNCP $GTNCVKJOGODWCVMGUKORWNCP $GTMGNQORQMNCJFGPICPVGOCPOW $CECNCJDCECCPFKCVCUFGPICPEGRCV 6GOWMCPKFGRQMQMUGVKCRRCTCITCH /CUKPIOCUKPICPCMOGODWCVMGUKORWNCP &KUMWUKMCPMGUKORWNCPMCNKCP6GOWMCPUCVWMGUGRCMCVCP 8QLW 3DULZLVDWD
56 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
58 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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62 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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ő-WRGTVCTWJMCPOGP[WTWJ VGPVCTCP[C OGPLCTCJ JCTVC OKNKM KUVCPC FCP VCPCJ RWUCMC OKNKM MGTCLCCPŒTCM[CV FK PGIGTK VGVCPIIC #MKDCVP[C 4CLC UGTWP[C.QUWPI TCLC PGIGTK KVW OGPLCFK OCTCJ &KC 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
64 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. /CTJCVK VGTMGLWV OGPFGPICTP[C &KC ő,CYCDCPOW DGPCT $CICKOCPCOGPCVCR2QFCFGPICPEGOCU6GVCRKCPCMKVW FGPICP RGTVCP[CCP MGFWCŒ UGTW 4CLCMGNKJCVCPUWFCJVKFCMRGFWNKFGPICPPCUKJCV .QUWPIOGPICVCUKUQTCMUQTCKRGPQPVQP 5GRGTVK UWFCJ FKFWIC 2QFC MCNCJ FCNCO 2QFC OGPICODKN MQVCM MGEKN KVWVCTWJCPP[C [CPI VGTCMJKT -KPK FKC VKFCM -GOWFKCP FKC OKPVC FKDCYCMCP MWCNKRWP[CCRCCRCNCIK DGTKUKCKT&KVCTWJP[CUGOWVKVWMGFCNCO MWCNK$GIKVWOGP[GPVWJCKTUGGMQTUGOWV ő5GOWC VCTWJCPOW CMCP MWMGODCNKMCP DGTWUCJC DGTGPCPI MG VGRK WPVWM OGCUCN MCW UCPIIWR OGPLCYCD FWC RGTVCP[CCP P[GNCOCVMCP FKTK 5GOGPVCTC UGOWV [CPI[CPI CMCP MWCLWMCPŒ MCVC 4CLC .QUWPI 4CLC NCKPRGNCPRGNCPVGPIIGNCOFKFCNCOCKT.QUWPI OGPICODKN UGDWCJ CNW CNCV WPVWMOGPWODWMRCFK ő5GOWV [CPI DGTGPCPI MG RKPIIKT KVW UGOWV [CPI LCPVCP -CTGPC FKC NGDKJ ő+PKRGTVCP[CCPRGTVCOC%QDCMCWVWPLWM DGTCPK FCP NGDKJ MWCV 5GFCPI [CPIMCP OCPC WLWPI FCP OCPC RCPIMCN FCTK CNW VGPIIGNCOKVWUGOWVDGVKPCŒLCYCD2QFCKPKŒ -GOWFKCP 4CLC .QUWPI OGPIGNWCTMCPUGDWCJMQVCMMGEKN 5GOWC [CPI JCFKT DGTFGECM MCIWO /GTGMC VKFCM OGP[CPIMC 2QFC DKUC ő+PK RGTVCP[CCP MGFWC&K FCNCO MQVCMKPK OGPLCYCDRGTVCP[CCP[CPIUWNKVKVWCFC UGRCUCPI UGOWV %QDC VWPLWMMCP OCPCUGOWV LCPVCP FCP OCPC UGOWV DGVKPC 0CJ ő6GTP[CVC MCW UGQTCPI CPCM OWFCMWDGTK YCMVW UCVW LCO WPVWM OGPLCYCD [CPIEGTFKMŒMCVC4CLC.QUWPIMCIWORGTVCP[CCPMWKVWŒMCVC4CLC.QUWPI ő5GDGVWNP[C CMW VKFCMDKUC OGPLCYCD .CNW IQPI FKRWMWN UGDCICK VCPFC YCMVW RGTVCP[CCPKVWŒUCJWV2QFCVGTWUVGTCPIOWNCK FKJKVWPI 2QFC OGPICOCVK MC[W DWNCVFCP UGRCUCPI UGOWVKVW VGVCRK FKC VKFCM VCJW ő/CTJCVK [CPI OGODKUKMMCP LCYCDCPOGODGFCMCPP[C /CTJCVK UGIGTC OGPKPIICN MGRCFCMWŒMCP VGORCV KVW OGPWLW MG VGORCV &CVW2CTPIQPIQ OGP[GRK &KEGTKVCMCPP[C MGOGNWV ő$WMCP CMWŒ UCJWV /CTJCVK FGPICP[CPI UGFCPI FKJCFCRK 2QFC ő2GTIKNCJ UWCTC MGTCU ő6CRK &CVW 2CTPIQPIQ &KCUGDGNWO YCMVWP[C JCDKUŒ MCVC &CVW [CPI OGODGTKVCJWMCP LCYCDCPP[C MG2CTPIQPIQ RCFCMWŒ /CTJCVK UGIGTC OGOCEW MWFCP[C MGODCNK 2QFC OGPLCFK OCNW FGPICP VKPIMCJMG CTGPC VCTWJCP 5GIGTC /CTJCVK OGPFGMCVK NCMWP[C UGNCOC KPK &KCLCMP[C /CTJCVK2QFC OGPGOWKC[CJP[C ő$CICKOCPC!Œ VCP[C 4CLC .QUWPI ő#RC ő#[CJŒ MCVCP[C ő-GODCNKNCJ MGLCYCDCPOW!Œ KUVCPC 5GMCTCPI CMW UCFCT MCNCW CMW DGNWODKUCOGPLCFKUGQTCPIRGOKORKPŒ -CNK KPK YCLCJ 2QFC VKFCM EGOCU UGRGTVKUGDGNWOP[C &GPICP VGPCPI FKC OCLW MG &CVW 2CTPIQPIQ OGPQNCM CLCMCP 2QFCFGRCP &KCODKNP[C CNW KVW FKDCYCP[C MG WPVWMMGODCNKMGKUVCPCUWPICK [CPI OGPICNKT FK FGMCV KUVCPC 2GNCPRGNCPFKVCTWJP[CCNWKVWMGFCNCOCKT ő#[CJ RGTEC[C OWNCK UCCV KPK MCW CMCP OGPLCFK RGOKORKP [CPI DCKM ő;CPI VGPIIGNCO NGDKJ FWNW KVWNCJ /CTJCVK CMCP OGPFCORKPIKOW UGDCICKRCPIMCNP[C -CTGPC WUKCP[C NGDKJ VWC FCTK RGPCUKJCVŒ MCVC &CVW 2CTPIQPIQ UCODKNRCFC WLWPIP[C OCMC FKC CMCP NGDKJ DGTCVŒ OGPGRWMRWPFCM2QFCFGPICPUC[CPIUCJWVP[C 5GLCM UCCV KVW 2QFC DGTWUCJC OGPLCFK ő$CIWUŒUGTW4CLC.QUWPI UGQTCPI RGOKORKP [CPI DCKM #MJKTP[C FKC OGPLCFK TCLC [CPI FKEKPVCK TCM[CVP[C FCPFKUGICPKTCLCTCLCNCKP 5CTK-GOCNC-WORWNCP&QPIGPI -COW UWFCJ OGPFGPICTMCP FQPIGPI [CPI DGTLWFWN &CVW 2CTPIQPIQ7PVWM OGPIGVCJWKRGOCJCOCPOWVGPVCPIFQPIGPIVGTUGDWVKMWVKMGIKCVCPDGTKMWV8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
66 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 67 -#4#0)6#470#$#-6+$#0)5# &GUC-GFWPIVWMCPI-GECOCVCP,CVKDCTCPI-CDWRCVGP$TGDGU 2'0)7/7/#0 &CNCOTCPIMCOGP[CODWV*CTK.KPIMWPICP$GTUKJ&GUC-GFWPIVWMCPI M COKOGPICLCMUGNWTWJRGOWFC&GUC-GFWPIVWMCPIFCNCOMGIKCVCP -GTLC$CMVK$GTUKJ&GUC #ECTCKPKCMCPFKUGNGPIICTCMCPRCFC JCTK6CPIICN /KPIIW/CTGV YCMVW Ō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
68 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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ő6CFK OCNGO CMW WFCJ PIQOQPI VGTCPI ő-WPVKNCPCM DCTWUCP DCPIWP VKFWT VGTCPICP MG #VHC $GPVCT NCIK OWPIMKP #VHC 6TWWWU P[CRC YGYG IQODGN 6GOGP WFCJ )QQF D[G 1J [C! 4CUCP[C GOCPI DGTCV FGMGVP[C [CPI MGODCTCPP[C VWJ UKJ *WOCNCKMCV MQM IKVW #VHC FKMKV PQTCM MQNQTKLQŒ #MWPIICMUWMCKVW'OUWFCJRCIK *O RCUVK 4G[PC 0KJ CPCM ő/GV RCIK -JCŒ QTCPI [CPI NCIK PICPVWM JWOQTP[C VGTNCNW PKJ 'PVCT OCNCJ CMW OGP[CRCMW [CPIFKFCVGPIKMWPVKNCPCMDGPGTCP ő;C OGV RCIK 5KCRC PKJ!Œ CMW UGFKMKV ő-JC OCPC OCNCKMCV RGNKPFWPIOW DGTECPFC [CPI NWOC[CP UQM VCJW KVW! VCP[CMW MGJGTCPCP 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
70 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. ő6WJ UK #VHC FWPIW 5QPQ VWJ RGTJCVKCP ő#MW OCW RWNCPI őWECRMW UCODKNDCPIGV UCOC UKVW 0INKPFWPIK DCPIGV UCOC OWNCKOGPCPIKUUKVWLWIC/CUCŏMCOWPIICMUCFCT!&KCUGVKCUCOCMCOWNJQ-COWPIICMDQNGJPIGNCM 4G[PCOGOGNWMMWNCIK #MW PIICM RGTPCJ FKRGTJCVKKP DCPIGV ő;CCMWLWICKPIKPRWNCPI#MWKPIKPUCOC UK #VHC #RC DWMCP OCNCKMCV MCNCW DGTOCKPFGPICPCFKMMW4CXKGN$GTOCKPMC[CMIKVW!ŒWECR4G[PC RKCPQ FGPICP 6CPVG 0G[NC FCP OCKP UCOCMCOWŒWECR4G[PC #RCFKCPIKTK[C!,CPICPFGJ ő1- -KVC RWNCPIŒ UCJWV #VHC [CPI ő'J #VHC FWPIW!Œ VCP[CMW [CPI OCUKJ MC[CP[CEWOCKMWVKMWVCPJGTCP #MW DCPIMKV 5GMCTCPI OCUCNCJP[C ő/GPWTWVOW IKVW #VHC UGNCNW P[WUCJKP CMWPIICMVCJWLCNCPRWNCPIMKVCŒWECR4G[PCNGUW6CORCMP[CKCMGUCN ő'J VWRCK MGOCTKPŒ VGTKCM 4G[PC ő6CJW PIICM 4G[! -COW UCNCJ #MW VKDCVKDCRWP[COCNCKMCVUGPFKTK;CPIRGTJCVKCPUCOC -COK UGOWC UGIGTC OGPIKMWVK VWRCKCMW DCKM PIICM PQTCM UGVKC OGNKPFWPIK KVW &CP YQY %QDC VGDCM MCOK RWPCMW UC[CPI UCOC CMW &KC PIICM DWCV VGOWMCPLCNCPRWNCPIVGMCVGMK CPGJ 0IICM RGTPCJ DQJQPI UCOC ő#RCMCJ VWRCK KVW RGNKJCTCCPP[CCMW &KC DKUC DGTECPFC 0IICM EGODGTWV OCNCKMCV!ŒVCP[C4G[PC&KC UGNCNW EGTKC 5GQTCPI UCJCDCV DCKM ;CPI ő0IICM VCJW [C 6CRK CMW RGTPCJOGODGTKMW VGORCV JCPICV UCCV JWLCP DCEC MQOKM #FC OCNCKMCV [CPI RWP[C/GODGTK CMW VGORCV [CPI VGFWJ UCCV RCPCU JGYCPRGNKJCTCCPVWRCKŒLGNCU#VHC/GPCUKJCVKMW UCCV CMW OGTCUC DGTDWCV 5CCV MCOK JGPFCM OGP[GDGTCPI LCNCPMQP[QN 6GTUGP[WO UCCV OCVCJCTK OCUKJ CFCDWP[KMNCMUQPMGTCUNCNWOGPIIGNKCV /GNCODCKMCP VCPICPP[C UCCV ő#VHC #YCU (CŒ VGTKCMMW UCODKNOCVCJCTK OGPWPFWM /GODGTK YCTPC OGOGICPIKVCPICP4G[PCRGNCPIK FK JCVKMW /GPFGMCRMW UCCV CMW ő%KVV#JJJJŒOGPCPIKUŒWECRMW#MWOGOGNWM4G[PC 5KCRC [CPI DGTVGTKCM! $WP[K TGO ő-COWUCJCDCV-CVCMWOGODKUKMK4G[PC OGPFCFCM OQDKN UKCRC KVW! -WNKJCV 4G[PCVGTUGP[WO6WJUGNCNWEGTKCMCP! UQUQM [CPI VGTUGP[WO VGTDCTKPI NGOCU ő'JGO JCK OGV RCIKŒ CFC UCVW QTCPI FK DCYCJ RQJQP EGOCTC /GODCIKNCIK OGP[CRCMW FCP 4G[PC MQM &CP CMW FCTCJP[C MG UGMKVCT LCNCP &GPICP OCVC[CMKPKVW#VHC VGTRGLCO ő*CKŒLCYCDMW ő4G[ #VHCŒ CMW DGTVGTKCM #MW ő)KOCPCPKJ!ŒVCP[C#VHC OGPIJCORKTK VWDWJ #VHC 4G[PC UGIGTC ő#MWOCWRWNCPICLC#MWOCWDQDQ#MW OGPECTKDCPVWCP#VHCFKDCYCMGTWOCJECRGMŒWECRMWTKPICP UCMKV #MW WFCJ OGPIJWDWPIK $K 0CPK ő5GTKWU-JC!ŒVCP[C4G[PC QTCPI VWCMW FCP QTCPI VWC 4G[PC #MWOGPIICPIIWM *WLCP FGTCU OGPIIW[WTMW FCP OGO ő6CRK -JC UGVCJWMW MCOW RGLWCPI IKIKJ DWCV4G[PCOGOCVWPINJQ -KVC DCTW VGPICJ LCNCP PKJ 0IICM &CP #VHC VGTJGPVKNCJ FGVCM LCPVWPIOWPIMKP MKVC PKPIICNKP UGOWC KPK #MW P[C 6GTJGPVKNCJ CNKTCP FCTCJP[C +COCUKJ RGPCUCTCP MGPCRC MKVC OGNCMWMCP KPK OGPIJGODWUMCPPCRCUVGTCMJKTP[CUGOWCŒMCVC4G[PCMGEGYC /CNCKMCVMGEKNKVWFCRCVGYCU!6WDWJ ;CFKCOGPCUKJCVKMW MW IGOGVCT FKJCORKTK $K 0CPK +C OG ő'O RGLWCPI IKIKJ [C! /CUC UKJ! #MW P[QFQTMCPMW UGRWEWM UWTCV FGPICPWFCJ PIICM RGPCUCTCP #MW RGPIGP MGVGOW CORNQRRKPMOCOC /GNWMKU DCTGPI C[CJ FKEWDKV MCMCM ő/CCH [C -JC5QT[ 'J MCOW VCJWVKFWTFCPDGTJCTCROKORKKPFCJŒLCYCDMW PIICM $K 0CPK KVW LWIC OCNCKMCV MGEKN ő6WODGP MCOW PIQOQPI MC[CM IKVWŒ $CP[CM OCNCKMCV FK FWPKC KPK #VCW DCJMCPUCJWV#VHC 4G[PC 6WICUMW NGP[CR /CCH PIICM DKUC OGODCYCOW MG RCPIMWCP RGNCPIK #VCW8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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Œ 6GMC6GMK/CNCKMCV'NUJC&GUKCPC2WVTK /GP GPVWMCP7PUWT+PVTKPUKM%GTKVC 7PUWT KPVTKPUKM OGTWRCMCP WPUWT RGODCPIWP EGTKVC 7PUWT KPVTKPUKM OGNKRWVK RGPQMQJCP CNWT NCVCT VGOC RGUCP FCP UWFWV RCPFCPI 2GPQMQJCP CFCNCJ VQMQJ FCP YCVCMP[C #NWT CFCNCJ TCPIMCKCP RGTKUVKYC [CPI FKCNCOK VQMQJ .CVCT CFCNCJ VGORCV JWDWPICP YCMVW FCP NKPIMWPICP UQUKCN VGORCV VGTLCFKP[C RGTKUVKYC RGTKUVKYC[CPIFKEGTKVCMCP5WFWVRCPFCPICFCNCJECTCRCPFCPI[CPIFKRGTIWPCMCP RGPICTCPI UGDCICK UCTCPC WPVWM OGP[CLKMCP VQMQJ VKPFCMCP NCVCT FCP DGTDCICK RGTKUVKYC [CPI OGODGPVWM EGTKVC FCNCO UGDWCJ MCT[C HKMUK MGRCFC RGODCEC 6GOC CFCNCJ ICICUCP EGTKVC &CP RGUCP CFCNCJ DWFK RGMGTVK UKMCR MGYCLKDCP [CPI KPIKP FKUCORCKMCPQNGJRGPICTCPIMGRCFCRGODCECOGNCNWKEGTKVC $CICKOCPCECTCOGPGPVWMCPWPUWTEGTKVC!2GTJCVKMCPEQPVQJDGTKMWV %QPVQJECTCOGPGPVWMCPVQMQJFCPYCVCMP[C 2GTJCVKMCPEWRNKMCPDGTKMWV ő*ORCUVK4G[PC0KJCPCMJWOQTP[CVGTNCNWPKJ'PVCTOCNCJ CMW[CPIFKFCVGPIKMWPVKNCPCMDGPGTCPŒ &CTKEWRNKMCPFKCVCUFCRCVFKMGVCJWKDCJYCYCVCMVQMQJ4G[PCCFCNCJUWMCJWOQT %QPVQJECTCOGPGPVWMCPNCVCTEGTKVC ő5KCRC[CPIDGTVGTKCM!$WP[KTGOOGPFCFCMOQDKNUKCRCKVW! -WNKJCVUQUQM[CPIVGTUGP[WOVGTDCTKPINGOCUFKDCYCJRQJQP EGOCTC/GODCIKFCTCJP[CMGUGMKVCTLCNCP&GPICPOCVC VGTRGLCOŒ &CTKEWRNKMCPFKCVCUFCRCVFKMGVCJWKNCVCTRGTKUVKYCVGTVCDTCMP[CVQMQJ#VHCCFCNCJFK LCNCP -COWUWFCJVCJWECTCOGPGPVWMCPVQMQJFCPYCVCMP[CUGTVCNCVCTEGTKVC5GMCTCPIIKNKTCPMCOWWPVWMDGTNCVKJFGPICPOGPIKMWVKMGIKCVCPDGTKMWV 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
72 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. &KUMWUKMCPJCNJCNDGTKMWVFGPICPQTCPIVGOCPOW 5KCRC UCLC VQMQJ EGTKVC CPCM FK CVCU FCP DCICKOCPC YCVCM FCTK OCUKPIOCUKPI VQMQJFCNCOEGTKVC!5GTVCMCPDWMVKFCVC [CPIOGPFWMWPI 6GPVWMCPCNWTFCTKEGTKVCFKCVCU5GTVCMCPDWMVK[CPIOGPFWMWPI 6GPVWMCPNCVCTEGTKVCFKCVCU5GTVCMCPDWMVK[CPIOGPFWMWPI 6GPVWMCPUWFWVRCPFCPIEGTKVCFKCVCU5GTVCMCPDWMVK[CPIOGPFWMWPI 6GPVWMCPRGUCPEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU5GTVCMCPDWMVK[CPIOGPFWMWPI 6GPVWMCPVGOCEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU5GTVCMCPDWMVK[CPIOGPFWMWPI 2TGUGPVCUKMCPJCUKNFKUMWUKMCNKCPFKFGRCPMGNCU 6GOWMCPUGDWCJMGUGRCMCVCPFGPICPVGOCPFKMGNCUOW /GPFKUMWUKMCP-GOGPCTKMCP%GTKVC -GOGPCTKMCPEGTKVCFCRCVFKNKJCVFCTKDGTDCICKUWFWV/KUCNP[CFCTKUGIKCNWT[CKVW MGOGPCTKMCP TCPIMCKCP RGTKUVKYC 2GTKUVKYC [CPI FKJCFKTMCP OGPCTKM MCTGPC UGTW FCP OGPGICPIMCP$KUCLCFKFCTKRGPQMQJCP6QMQJVQMQJ[CPIFKJCFKTMCPOGPCTKMMCTGPC OGOKNKMK MGRTKDCFKCP [CPI RQUKVKH FCP RCVWV FKEQPVQJ 2GUCP [CPI FKUCORCKMCP OGPCTKMMCTGPCDKUCOGPIWDCJRGTKNCMWDWTWMOGPLCFKDCKM -COW UWFCJ OGORWP[CK DC[CPICP WPUWT CRC [CPI OGPCTKM FCTK EGTKVC FK CVCU! 2GPFCRCVOW OWPIMKP DGTDGFC FGPICP VGOCPOW #RC [CPI MCOW CPIICR OGPCTKM DGNWOVGPVWUCOCFGPICPVGOCPOW5GVKCRQTCPIOGORWP[CKRGPFCRCV[CPIDGTDGFC *CTICKRGTDGFCCPRGPFCRCVVGTUGDWV5GMCTCPIFKUMWUKMCPJCNJCNDGTKMWV $CICKOCPCOGPWTWVOWRGP[CLKCPVQMQJFCPYCVCMP[C!#RCMCJVQMQJEGTKVCCPCM VGTUGDWVOGOKNKMKYCVCM[CPIOGPCTKMWPVWMFKVGNCFCPK!6GTVCTKMMCPMCOWFGPICP VQMQJFCNCOEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCCNCUCPOW! $CICKOCPCOGPWTWVOWRGP[CLKCPCNWTCVCWTCPIMCKCPRGTKUVKYCFCNCOEGTKVCFKCVCU! #RCMCJRGTKUVKYCRGTKUVKYC[CPIFKJCFKTMCPOGPCTKMUGTWOGPGICPIMCP OGP[GPCPIMCPCVCWOGODCJCIKCMCP!#RCMCJMCOWOGPKMOCVKTCPIMCKCPRGTKUVKYC EGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCCNCUCPMCOW! $CICKOCPCNCVCT[CPIFKUCLKMCPFCNCOEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCMCJVGORCVYCMVWFCP NKPIMWPICPUQUKCN[CPIFKJCFKTMCPFCNCOEGTKVCOGPCTKM!#RCMCJMCOWKPIKPDGTCFC FKFCNCONCVCTVGTUGDWV!6GTVCTKMMCJMCOWFGPICPNCVCTEGTKVCFKCVCU!#RCCNCUCP MCOW! $CICKOCPCRGUCP[CPIFKUCORCKMCPFCNCOEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCDWFKRGMGTVK[CPI OWPEWNFCNCOEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCMCJMCOWOGOKNKMKRCPFCPICPDCTWUGVGNCJ OGODCECEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!6GTVCTKMMCJMCOWFGPICPRGUCPFCNCOEGTKVCCPCMFK CVCU!#RCCNCUCPOW! $CICKOCPCVGOC[CPIFKCPIMCVFCNCOEGTKVCFKCVCU!#RCMCJVGOCVGTUGDWVOGPCTKM! #RCMCJMCOKOGPGOWMCPUGUWCVWICICUCP[CPIDCTW!6GTVCTKMMCJMCOWFGPICP VGOCPEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCU!#RCCNCUCPOW!8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 73 /GODGTK-QOGPVCT -KPK UCCVP[C MCOW OGODGTKMCP MQOGPVCT #RC [CPI FKOCMUWF MQOGPVCT! -QOGPVCT CFCNCJ WNCUCP CVCW VCPIICRCP VGTJCFCR EGTKVC -QOGPVCT FCRCV FKVWLWMCP MGRCFC MGNGOCJCP MGNGDKJCP CVCW MGOGPCTKMCP WPUWT EGTKVC -COW UWFCJ OGP FKUMWUKMCP WPUWTWPUWT EGTKVC -COW LWIC UWFCJ OGPFKUMWUKMCP JCNJCN OGPCTKM FCNCOEGTKVC$CICKOCPCMQOGPVCTOWVGTJCFCREGTKVCFKCVCU! -QOGPVCT LWIC DKUC FKVWLWMCP RCFC DCJCUC [CPI FKIWPCMCP 5GNCKP KVW RCFC RGPCORKNCPHKUKMDWMW$CICKOCPCMQOGPVCTOW! 2GTJCVKMCPEQPVQJMQOGPVCTDGTKMWV-QOGPVCTKPKFKVWLWMCPVGTJCFCRDWMWEGTKVC CPCM DGTLWFWN 5GOWV FCP $WTWPI &CTC [CPI FKVWNKU /QPF[ 4KUWVTC FCP FKVGTDKVMCP QNGJ2WURC5YCTC %XNXFHULWDDQDNLQLPHQDULN$OXU\DQJGLNHPEDQJNDQXUXW3HPEDFD \DQJ QRWDEHQH DQDNDQDN WLGDN DNDQ NHVXVDKDQ PHQJLNXWL DOXU FHULWD WHUVHEXW 6HODLQ XUXW SHULVWLZD \DQJ GLKDGLUNDQ VHUX GDQ PHQHJDQJNDQ 6HVXDLGHQJDQGXQLDDQDNWHQWXQ\D GDO$DPQDNFHDULQWDDNDQSDHNUOXWHUPVHHEPXSWHEUXRGOHLKSFHRNQHUWRWLKGSLMHDUEEDXUNDWDDQQGEHDQLJND\QDVQHJGNHURKQDNQUDHWGD'QL NRQNUHW $QDNDQDN ELVD ODQJVXQJ PHQJHUWL VHWHODK PHPEDFD EDJLDQ SHQMDEDUDQEXGLSHNHUWL GLV6HHUOWDDLLQ J DDPOXEUD UG ZDQDUSQHDV \DQDQ J\DPQJHQGGLXVNDXPQSJDLFNHDUQLWDP %HDQKDDUVLND\FDHQUJLWDGLDJQXDQNDNLDQQL MXJDVHGHUKDQDVHKLQJJDPXGDKGLFHUQDDQDNDQDN $GTKNCJMQOGPVCTEWRNKMCPDWMWEGTKVCFKCVCU 6WICU4WOCJ $GTMWPLWPINCJMGRGTRWUVCMCCP $CECNCJUGDWCJDWMWEGTKVC 2CJCOKWPUWTWPUWTKPVTKPUKMEGTKVC $GTKNCJMQOGPVCTDWMWEGTKVCFCTKUGIKKUKFCPHKUKMDWMW 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
74 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. &/GPWNKU6GMU2GPIWOWOCP 2GPIWOWOCP DKUC FKLWORCK FK OCPCOCPC 6GPVW RGPIWOWOCP DWMCP UGUWCVW [CPI CUKPI DCIK MCNKCP %QPVQJ RGPIWOWOCP CPVCTC NCKP RGPIWOWOCP RGPVCU UGPK RGPIWOWOCP RGOCFCOCP NKUVTKM RGPIWOWOCP NCRCPICP RGMGTLCCP RGPIWOWOCP NGNCPIRGPIWOWOCPMGIKCVCPUGMQNCJFCPRGPIWOWOCPDCTCPIJKNCPI 2GPIWOWOCP FCRCV FKDWCV QNGJ UGDWCJ NGODCIC OCWRWP RGTUGQTCPICP 2GPIWOWOCP [CPI FKVWNKU QNGJ NGODCIC EQPVQJP[C RGPIWOWOCP RGOCFCOCP NKUVTKM NCRCPICP RGMGTLCCP RGPVCU UGPK NGNCPI FCP NCKPNCKP 2GPIWOWOCP [CPI FKDWCV RGTQTCPICPEQPVQJP[CRGPIWOWOCPMGJKNCPICPDCTCPIFCPQTCPIJKNCPI $CJCUC RGPIWOWOCP FKUGUWCKMCP FGPICP RGODWCV FCP KUK RGPIWOWOCP $CJCUC TGUOK DKCUC FKIWPCMCPWPVWM RGPIWOWOCP TGUOK [CPI FKMGNWCTMCP UGDWCJ NGODCIC $CJCUCPQPHQTOCNDKCUCFKIWPCMCPWPVWMRGPIWOWOCP[CPIFKVWNKURGTUGQTCPICP -GIKCVCP MCNK KPK CFCNCJ OGPWNKU RGPIWOWOCP &CNCO OGPWNKU RGPIWOWOCP MCNKCP JCTWU OGORGTJCVKMCP DGDGTCRC JCN #PVCTC NCKP KUK RGPIWOWOCP FCP DCJCUC RGPIWOWOCP+MWVKMGIKCVCPDGTKMWVFGPICPDCKM /GPICOCVK%QPVQJ2GPIWOWOCP $CECNCJEQPVQJRGPIWOWOCPFKDCYCJKPK2CJCOKKUKFCPDCJCUCRGPIWOWOCP %QPVQJ2GPIWOWOCP.GNCPI 5WODGT -QORCU/CTGV 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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ŏ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
76 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 77 D #PCNKUKUNCJKUKMGVKICRGPIWOWOCPFKCVCU6WNKUFCNCOVCDGNDGTKMWV #PCNKUKU+UK2GPIWOWOCP 2GPIWOWOCP *CN[CPI 2GODWCV 6WLWCP 6CPIICN 5[CTCV FKWOWOMCP RGPIWOWOCP RGPIWOWOCP FKDWCVFCP RGPIWOWOCP DGTCMJKTP[C RGPIWOWOCP 2TGUGPVCUKMCPJCUKNFKUMWUKMCNKCPFKFGRCPMGNCU 5CNKPIVCPIICRKNCJJCUKNFKUMWUK[CPIFKRTGUGPVCUKMCP 6GOWMCPUCVWMGUGRCMCVCPVGTJCFCRRGMGTLCCPMCNKCP/KPVCNCJRGTVKODCPICPIWTW /GPWNKU2GPIWOWOCP $CICKOCPC JCUKN FKUMWUK MCNKCP! 0CJ MCNKCP UWFCJ OGOCJCOK DCJCUC FCP KUK RGPIWOWOCP-KPKUCCVP[CMCNKCPOGPWNKURGPIWOWOCP 2KNKJNCJ UCVW FCTK MGVKIC PCTCUK DGTKMWV -CNKCP LWIC DQNGJ OGODWCV PCTCUK UGPFKTK $WCVNCJ UGDWCJ RGPIWOWOCP 2GTJCVKMCP RGPIIWPCCP DCJCUC $CJCUC RGPIWOWOCP JCTWUGHGMVKHMQOWPKMCVKHDCKMFCPDGPCT 15+5 CMCP OGPICFCMCP NQODC OGPWNKU EGTKVC RGPFGM .QODC KPK FKVWLWMCP MGRCFC UKUYC 5& UGRTQXKPUK FK FCGTCJOW 5[CTCV RGTNQODCCP CFCNCJ OGPIWORWNMCP EGTRGP [CPI UWFCJ FKDWCV MG UGMQNCJOW %GTRGP CFCNCJ DWCVCP UKUYC UGPFKTK 2GOGPCPI NQODCCMCPOGPFCRCVDKODKPICPOGPWNKUEGTRGPFCTKEGTRGPKUFKFCGTCJOW 6GOCPOW MGJKNCPICP UGDWCJ DWMW ECVCVCP 7OWOMCP FGPICP OGP[GDWVMCP EKTKEKTK DWMW VGORCV FCP YCMVW JKNCPIP[C DWMW FCP RGOKNKM DWMW 6GPVWMCP PCOC CNCOCV FCPPQOQTVGNGRQP[CPIDKUCFKJWDWPIKLKMCCFC[CPIOGPGOWMCPDWMWVGTUGDWV 7PVWM OGP[CODWV JCTK -CTVKPK VCPIICN #RTKN MCORWPIOW CMCP OGPICFCMCP DGTDCICK NQODC .QODC CPVCTC NCKP OGOCUCM OGOCMCK UCPIIWN FCP NCKPNCKP ,WTK NQODC CFCNCJ .WTCJ FK FGUCOW FCP RCPKVKC KPVK 6GPVWMCP VCPIICN RGPFCHVCTCP FCP RGPWVWRCP RGPFCHCVCTCP $GTKVCJWMCP FK OCPC NQODC DGTNCPIUWPI FCP NCKPNCKP [CPI DGTJWDWPICPFGPICPNQODC /GP[WPVKPI2GPIWOWOCP 5GVKCR RGMGTLCCP VKFCM CMCP UGORWTPC LKMC VKFCM FKMQTGMUK QTCPI NCKP #ICT RGPIWOWOCPOW UGORWTPC VWMCTMCP FGPICP VGOCP UGDCPIMW 5CNKPI MQTGMUKNCJ RGPIWOWOCP [CPI MCNKCP DWCV *CNJCN [CPI JCTWU MCOW RGTJCVKMCP CFCNCJ RGPIIWPCCP DCJCUC MGGHGMVKHCP MCNKOCV MQOWPKMCVKH GLCCP [CPI FKIWPCMCP FCP VCPFCDCEC UGTVCMGNGPIMCRCPKUKRGPIWOWOCP 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
78 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. Contoh penyuntingan: a. penggunaan huruf kapital kepada masyarakat luas dimohon kesediaannya mengamati pemilihan calon legislatif kota yogyakarta. Perbaikan: Kepada masyarakat luas dimohon kesediannya mengamati pemilihan Calon Legislatif kota Yogyakarta. b. penggunaan tanda baca Peserta lomba dapat mendaftarkan diri di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Depok Jalan. Swadaya Depok Perbaikan: Peserta lomba dapat mendaftarkan diri di SMP Muhammadiyah 2 Depok Jalan Swadaya Depok. c. pilihan kata Peserta wajib membawa surat keterangan masih menjadi siswa dari Kepada Sekolah masing-masing. Perbaikan: Peserta wajib melampirkan surat keterangan masih menjadi siswa dari Kepala Sekolah masing-masing. d. penggunaan kata hubung Peserta wajib membawa pensil 2B, penghapus, atau penggaris sendiri. Perbaikan: Peserta wajib membaca pensil 2B, penghapus, dan penggaris sendiri. e. keefektifan kalimat Para peserta lomba diharap datang tepat waktu. Perbaikan: Peserta lomba diharap datang tepat waktu. 6WICU4WOCJ %CTKNCJUGDWCJRGPIWOWOCPFKMQTCP )WPVKPIFCPVGORGNMCPFKDWMWVWICUOW #PCNKUKUNCJ RGPIIWPCCP DCJCUC FCP MGNGPIMCRCP KUK RGPIWOWOCP VGTUGDWV8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 79 ȱ 4#0)-7/#0 ȱ ȱ ȱ &QPIGPI DKCUCP[C OGPICPIMCV VGOC CFCV MGDWFC[CCP ȱ MGRGTEC[CCPUWCVWFCGTCJMGNWJWTCPDWFKUGUGQTCPIVWICU[CPI ȱ FKGODCP UGUGQTCPI FCP NCKP UGDCICKP[C 6QMQJVQMQJ [CPI ȱ FKCPIMCV RWP OGOKNKMK MGMJWUWUCP /KUCNP[C FGYCFGYC RCTC ȱ TCLC FCP DCIKCP MGTCLCCP FCP DKPCVCPIDKPCVCPI 7PUWT RGO ȱ DGPVWM FQPIGPI NCKP UCOC FGPICP MCT[C HKMUK RCFC WOWOP[C ȱ [CKVWRGPQMQJCPNCVCTCNWTUWFWVRCPFCPIFCPCOCPCV ȱ ȱ 2GPIWOWOCP CFCNCJ KPHQTOCUK [CPI FKDWCV QNGJ UGUGQTCPI ȱ CVCW UGDWCJ NGODCICKPUVCPUK [CPI FKVWLWMCP MGRCFC QTCPI NCKP ȱ CVCW MJCNC[CM +UK RGPIWOWOCP FCRCV DGTWRC DCTCPI JKNCPI ȱ QTCPI JKNCPI NGNCPI RGODGTKVCJWCP RGOCFCOCP NKUVTKM CVCW ȱ RGPVCUUGPK/GP[CORCKMCPRGPIWOWOCP[CPIMKVCDCECMGRCFC ȱ QTCPI NCKP EWMWR OGP[CORCKMCP RQMQM CVCW KPVK RGPIWOWOCP ȱ UCLC ȱ ȱ $WMW EGTKVC CPCM FKUCLKMCP MJWUWU WPVWM CPCM 2GP[CLKCP DWMW EGTKVC CPCM UGJCTWUP[C FKUGUWCKMCP FGPICP MQPFKUK CPCM DCKM KVW MQPFKUK HKUKM CVCW RWP OGPVCN CPCM 6KFCM UGOWC EGTKVC CPCM FGOKMKCP *CN [CPI RGTNW FKMQOGPVCTK FCNCO DWMW EGTKVC CPVCTC NCKP WPUWT RGODCPIWP EGTKVC CPCM [CPI VKFCM UGUWCK FGPICP MQPFKUK CPCM 5GNCKP KVW FCRCV LWIC MGOGPCTKMCP RG P[CLKCP UGECTC HKUKM DWMW EGTKVC CPCM *CN KPK OGP[CPIMWV RGPCORKNCPUCORWNDWMWFCPKNWUVTCUKEGTKVC REFLEKSI -GOCORWCP /CORW $GNWO %CVCVCP /CORW /GPWPLWMMCPTGNGXCPUKFQPIGPIFGPICPMGJKFWRCP UGMCTCPI /GP[CORCKMCPRGPIWOWOCPFGPICPKPVQPCUK VGRCVMCNKOCVNWICUFCPUGFGTJCPC /GPIQOGPVCTKDWMWEGTKVC[CPIMWDCEC /GPWNKUVGMURGPIWOWOCPFGPICPDCJCUCGHGMVKH FCPDGPCT 8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
80 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs.8QLW /LQJNXQJDQ
7,+-1/2'6'05+5'/'56'4 +2KNKJNCJLCYCDCPCDECVCWF[CPIRCNKPIVGRCVWPVWMUQCNUQCNDGTKMWV$CECNCJDGTKVCDGTKMWVFGPICPUCMUCOCWPVWM .KQP#KT&CVCPIMCP.CIK$QGKPI'4 ,#-#46#5+0&1 Ō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ő2GUCYCV KPKJCP[CNCJ UCNCJ UCVW DWMVKWUCJC MGTCU MCOK WPVWM OGODGTKMCP[CPI VGTDCKMDCIK RGNCPIICP&CP RCFC IKNKTCPP[CCMCP OGPEKRVCMCP MGDCPIICCPVGTUGPFKTK DCIK DCPIUC+PFQPGUKCFK FWPKC CXKCUK TGIKQPCNOCWRWP KPVGTPCUKQPCNŒWLCTP[C 5GDGNWOP[C .KQP LWICFKNCRQTMCPDGTGPECPCOGPCODCJRGOGUCPCPUGFKMKVP[CRGUCYCV$'4UGJKPIICVQVCNOGPLCFK RGUCYCVő/GOCPI DGPCT KVWTGPECPC RGPCODCJCP RGUCYCV FCP PQVCMGUGRCJCOCPP[CCMCP FKVCPFCVCPICPK FGPICP$QGKPI UCCV 5KPICRWTC#KT 5JQY RCFC (GDTWCTKŒWPIMCR%'1.KQP#KT4WUFK-KTCPCCPV 2QMQMDGTKVC[CPIOGPQPLQNFCNCOVGMUDGTKVCFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ C 5KCTCPRGTU.KQP#KTDGTMGPCCPFGPICPRGUCYCVVGTDCTWP[C D 2GPCODCJCPCTOCFCRGUCYCV.KQP#KT E 2GNC[CPCP.KQP#KTHWNNUGTXKEGFGPICPJCTICOWTCJ F 4GPECPCRGPCODCJCPJKPIICCTOCFCRGUCYCVFK.KQP#KT -GUKORWNCPVGMUDGTKVCFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ C 2GPCODCJCPRGUCYCV.KQP#KTOGTWRCMCPUCVWDWMVKRGODGTKCPNC[CPCPVGTDCKMDCIK RGNCPIICPFCPOGODCPIICMCP+PFQPGUKCFKFWPKCRGPGTDCPICP D 2GOGUCPCPRGUCYCVDCTWFGPICPMQPHKIWTCUKDKUPKUFCPGMQPQOKOGPCODCJ.KQP#KT UGOCMKPVCORCMDGTMGNCU E /GUMKRWPOGPCODCJCTOCFCRGUCYCV.KQP#KTVGVCROGODGTKMCPJCTICVGTLCPIMCW DCIKRGPIIWPCLCUCRGPGTDCPICP.KQP#KT F 0QVCMGUGRCJCOCP[CPICMCPFKVCPFCVCPICPKFGPICP$QGKPIUCCV5KPICRWTC#KT5JQY CFCNCJDWMVKP[CVCRGPCODCJCPRGUCYCV.KQP#KT 2GTVCP[CCP[CPIVGRCVWPVWMLCYCDCPMCNKOCVUCVWRCTCICHUCVWDGTKVCFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ C $GTCRCLWONCJRGUCYCV[CPIFKRGUCP.KQP#KT! D #RCMQPHKIWTCUKVWLWJRGUCYCVUGDGNWOP[C! E 2GUCYCVLGPKUCRC[CPIDCTWFKQRGTCUKMCP.KQP#KT! F 5KCRCPCOC%QTRQTCVG%QOOWPKECVKQP2WDNKE4GNCVKQPU/CPCIGT.KQP#KT! 97
98 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs.$CECNCJRGVKMCPDGTKVCFCPDGTKVCDGTKMWVFGPICPUCMUCOC$GTKVC-KPGTLC GMURQT KPFWUVTK VGMUVKN FCP RTQFWM VGMUVKN 626 RCFC FKRTGFKMUK PCKM OGUMKVGTLCFK RGPWTWPCP XQNWOG GMURQT FK RCUCT #OGTKMC 5GTKMCV #5 2GPICNKJCP RCUCT MG 'TQRCFCP ,GRCPI CMCP OGPLCFK RGOKEW RGTVWODWJCP VGTUGDWV Œ,CFK WPVWM GMURQT UC[C [CMKPPCKMYCNCWRWPCFCUNQYFQYPFK#5ŒMCVC9CMKN-GVWC#UQUKCUK2GTVGMUVKNCP+PFQPGUKC#2+ #FG5WFTCFLCVUCCVFKJWDWPIKMGOCTKP $GTKVC5GDGNWOP[CGMQPQO7)//WFTCLCF-WPEQTQOGPICVCMCPOGUMKKPFWUVTKVGMUVKNDCTCPIMWNKVFCP CNCU MCMK OGPLCFK RGP[WODCPI MGVKIC VGTDGUCT RTQFWM FQOGUVKM DTWVQ 2&$ RCFC [CKVW UGDGUCT VGVCRK RCFC UGMVQT KPK OGPICNCOK RGTVWODWJCP PGICVKH UGDGUCT &KCOGPICVCMCPTKUKMQDKUPKU[CPIDGUCTRCFCKPFWUVTKVGMUVKNCMKDCVRQNCRGTVWODWJCP[CPI VKFCM UGNCTCU OGP[GDCDMCP VGTVGMCPP[C RGTFCICPICP 5GNCKP KVW RCUQMCP DCJCP DCMW MGKPFWUVTK JKNKT UMCNC WRCJ DWTWJ RCUQMCP GPGTIK [CPI VGTJCODCV FCP VKPIMCV MQPUWOUK [CPIVKFCM UGKODCPI LWIC OGOGPICTWJK RGPWTWPCP FC[C UCKPI FK RCUCT FQOGUVKM FCP GMURQTYJKUPWDCIWU 2GTDGFCCPRGP[CLKCPDGTKVCFCPDGTKVCCFCNCJŗ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ŗ C OGP[GPCPIMCP EOGP[GFKJMCP D /GOCNWMCP FOGODCPIICMCP8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 992GTJCVKMCPRGPIWOWOCPDGTKMWV 2'0)7/7/#0 5/20,CMCTVCOGPICFCMCPRGTNQODCCP$CEC6WNKU2WKUK 2GUGTVCCFCNCJUKUYC5/2MGNCUFCP 2GPFCHVCTCPRGUGTVCFKNC[CPK &K#7.#5/20 RCNKPINCODCVVCPIICN,WNK YCMVWRGPFCHVCTCPRWMWNŌ9+$ *CNJCNNCKP[CPIDGTMCKVCPFGPICPRGTNQODCCPFKLGNCUMCPUCCVVGEJPKECNOGGVKPI ŗ -GVWC2CPKVKC #TOCP5CPVQUC +UKRGPIWOWOCPFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ C RGPFCHVCTCPRGUGTVCFKNC[CPKFK#7.#5/20,CMCTVC D RGTNQODCCP$CEC6WNKU2WKUK[CPIFKCFCMCP5/20,CMCTVC E YCMVWRGTNQODCCP$CEC6WNKU2WKUK[CPIFKCFCMCP5/20,CMCTVC F RGNC[CPCPRGUGTVCNQODC$CEC6WNKU2WKUKCFCNCJUKUYCMGNCUFCP-CNKOCVRGPWVWR[CPIVGRCVWPVWMRGPIWOWOCPFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ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ŗ CDGTOCKPUKOWNCUKRGPEGICJCPRGOCPCUCPINQDCN DOGORGTMGPCNMCPMGTWUCMCPNKPIMWPICPMGRCFCCPCMOGNCNWKRGTOCKPCPOGP[GPCPIMCP EICODCTFCPUKOWNCUKWPVWMOGORGTMGPCNMCPCPCMRCFCNKPIMWPICP F)TGGP(GUVKXCNWPVWMOGORGTMGPCNMCPCPCMRCFCNKPIMWPICP[CPITWUCM8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
100 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs.2GTP[CVCCP[CPIVKFCMUGUWCKFGPICPVGMUJCNCOCPCFCNCJŗ C2GPEGICJCPRGOCPCUCPINQDCNNGDKJOWFCJFKRCJCOKCPCMCPCMOGNCNWKUKOWNCUK D5CNCJUCVWUKOWNCUKFK)TGGP(GUVKXCNCFCNCJUKOWNCUKRGPECKTCPGUFKMWVWD E6CPIICNŌ#RTKNFK2CTMKT6KOWT5GPC[CPFKCFCMCP)TGGP(GUVKXCN F2GPIGPCNCPVGTJCFCRMGTWUCMCPNKPIMWPICPRCNKPIVGRCVFGPICPFKNCMWMCPFGPICP UGOKPCT 6TCPUHWUK FCTCJ DWMCPNCJ VQRKM [CPI OGPCTKM DCIK DCP[CM QTCPI /GTGMC OWPIMKP DGTRKMKT DCJYC OGTGMC CMCP OGTCUC LCWJ NGDKJ DCKM LKMC FCTCJ VGVCR DGTCFC FK FCNCO VWDWJ 6CRK VTCPUHWUK FCTCJ DKUC OGP[GNCOCVMCP P[CYC QTCPI NCKP VKCR JCTKP[C 4WOCJ UCMKVOGODWVWJMCPFCTCJWPVWMRCUKGPRCUKGP[CPIOGPICNCOKNWMCOKUCNP[CRCFCRCUKGP [CPI OGPLCNCPK QRGTCUK JCVK QRGTCUK VTCPURNCPVCUK QTICP VWDWJ OGPIKFCR RGP[CMKV MCPMGT CVCW RGP[CMKV NCKPP[C [CPI OGORGPICTWJK FCTCJ UGRGTVK CPGOKC #FC DCP[CM QTCPI[CPIVKCRJCTKJCTWUOGPLCNCPKVTCPUHWUKFCTCJ7TWVCPMCVCMCVCDGTEGVCMOKTKPI[CPIVGRCVLKMCMKVCCMCPOGPECTKCTVKP[CFCNCOMCOWUCFCNCJŗC ED F2GPLGFCCP[CPIDGPCTWPVWMMCNKOCVDGTKMWVCFCNCJŗC$CJYCUGUWPIIWJP[CMGOGTFGMCCPKVWKCNCJJCMUGICNCDCPIUCD$CJYCUGUWPIIWJP[CMGOGTFGMCCPKVWKCNCJJCMUGICNCDCPIUCE$CJYCUGUWPIIWJP[CMGOGTFGMCCPKVWKCNCJJCMUGICNCDCPIUCF$CJYCUGUWPIIWJP[CMGOGTFGMCCPKVWKCNCJJCMUGICNCDCPIUC5CCVOGODCECMCP77&FCNCOWRCECTCDGPFGTCKPVQPCUK[CPIFKIWPCMCPUGDCKMP[CŗCMGTCUFCPVGICU EMJKFOCVFCPVGICUDMGTCUFCPNGODWV FMGTCUFCPDGTUGOCPICV6CPIICN/GKCMWDGTWNCPIVCJWP/COCOGODGTKMWJCFKCJPQXGN/KTC9#[CJ OGODGTKMWJCFKCJRWNRGPECPVKM&CPVGOCPURGUKCNMWOGODGTKMWUGVCPIMCKDWPIC5CCV OGPGTKOCP[CCMWDGTFGDCTFGDCT*CVKMWVCMOGPGPVW ,KMCRGTKUVKYCFKCVCUFKVWNKUFCNCODWMWJCTKCPOGPLCFKŗ C 7NCPI VCJWPMW VCPIICN /GK OGODCYC DCP[CM TK\MK #MW OGPGTKOC DCP[CM JCFKCJ /COC OGODGTKMW PQXGN C[CJ OGODGTKMW RWNRGP ECPVKM FCP VGOCP URGUKCNMW OGODGTKMWUGVCPIMCKDWPIC D 5CCV CMW DGTWNCPI VCJWP VCPIICN /GK NCNW DCP[CM JCFKCJ [CPI MWVGTKOC #FC UCVW JCFKCJ FCTK VGOCP URGUKCNMW [CPI OGODWCV CMW DGTFGDCTFGDCT &KC OGODGTKMW UGVCPIMCKDWPIC E 6GTKOCMCUKJCVCUJCFKCJFCTKOWOCOCFCPC[CJ#MWUGPCPIUGMCNK0COWPCMWNGDKJ UGPCPILKMCFKDGTKUGVCPIMCKDWPIC F 6GOCP URGUKCNMW OGODGTKMW UGVCPIMCK DWPIC UCCV CMW WNCPI VCJWP /COC FCP C[CJ LWICOGODGTKMWJCFKCJ2CTCICTCH[CPIFKMGODCPIMCPFCTKRGPICNCOCPRTKDCFKVGTFCRCVRCFC C #[CJMWOGODGNKUGGMQTDWTWPI$WTWPIKVWDKUCOGPKTWMCPUWCTCQTCPI#[CJUCPICV UGPCPIFGPICPDWTWPIDCTWP[CKVW&KNGVCMMCP[CDWTWPIKVWFKUCPIMCT[CPIKPFCJ D *CTIC DGPUKP OWNCK DWNCP ,WPK OGPLCFK 4R RGT NKVGT 1TCPIQTCPI OGPLCFK MCNCPIMCDWVOGOKMKTMCPJCTICJCTICDCJCPRQMQM[CPICMCPOGP[WUWNPCKM8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 101 E 5GRCVW[CPIVGTDWCVFCTKMWNKVCUNKCMCPNGDKJCYGVFKDCPFKPIUGRCVWFCTKMWNKVUKPVGVKU *CNKVWUWFCJFKDWMVKMCPDCP[CMQTCPI F 2COCPOGPICLCMMWOGOCPEKPI#MWOGOCPIJQDKOGOCPEKPI5GOCPICVMWOWPIMKP VGTNCNWDGUCTWPVWMOGPWLWMGRGOCPEKPICPUCORCKUCORCKCMWVKFCMUCFCTMCNCWCMW OGPIKPLCMMCPMCMKMWFKFCNCOMQNCO#MWRWPVGTLGDWTFCPDCUCJMW[WR/CNW DWMCPMGRCNCPI5GOWCQTCPIVGTVCYCVGTRKPIMCNRKPIMCN ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ 4CHKMCRCMCDCT!5GOQICMGCFCCPOWUGJCV#MWFK/CIGNCPILWICUGJCVUGJCVUCLC #FCJCN[CPIKPIKPCMWUCORCKMCP(KM#MWDGTOCMUWFOGPICLCMOWECORKPIFK)WPWPI /GTDCDW#RCMCJMCOWUWFCJCFCTGPECPCOGPIKUKNKDWTCPUGOGUVGTFWCKPK!-CNCWDGNWO MKVCECORKPI[WM #MWUWFCJOGPIJWDWPIK#TOCPFCP,QPCVCP/GTGMCUGVWLW6KPIICNMCOW[CPIDGNWO ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ -CNKOCV[CPIVGRCVWPVWMOGPICMJKTKUWTCVFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ C &GOKMKCPUWTCVFCTKCMW-CDCTDCKMFCTKOWUGNCNWCMWVWPIIW D 5WFCJFWNW[C(KM5GIGTCMCDCTKCMW E -WVWPIIWMCOWFK/CIGNCPI[C F -COWJCTWUOCWMKVCMCPUCJCDCV6KFCMCFCMCOWVKFCMUGTW +UKUWTCVFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ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
102 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs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ŗ C $CPFWPI$QPFQYQUQ[CPIUWMCOGOGTKPVCJFGPICPMGLCO D $CPFWPI$QPFQYQUQOGPEKPVCK.QTQ,QPIITCPI E .QTQ,QPIITCPIDGTWDCJOGPLCFKRCVWPI F 6CVCRCPVCLCOMGOCTCJCP$CPFWPI$QPFQYQUQ 9CVCM.QTQ,QPIITCPICFCNCJŗ EVKFCMOGPGRCVKLCPLK C DCP[CMCMCN FVKFCMOWFCJOGPEKPVCK D UWMCOGOGTKPVCJ8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 103 .CVCTEGTKVC.QTQ,QPIITCPICFCNCJŗC ;QI[CMCTVC E%CPFK2TCODCPCPD 2TCODCPCP F5NGOCP *CNJCN[CPIVKFCMDQNGJFKEQPVQJFCTKEGTKVCFKCVCUCFCNCJŗMGEWCNKŗC /GOKPVCDCPVWCPMGRCFCLKPMCTGPCOGTGMCUCMVKFCPDKUCOGODCPVWOCPWUKCD /GOCMUCQTCPINCKPWPVWMOGPWTWVKMGJGPFCMMKVCMCTGPCMKVCDGTMWCUCFCPMWCVE 5GIGTCOGPECTKLCNCPMGNWCTLKMCMKVCOGPICNCOKMGUWNKVCPF /GP[GVWLWKUGUWCVW[CPIVKFCMMKVCUWMCVGVCRKFGPICPU[CTCVVGTVGPVW$CECNCJRGVKMCPEGTKVCCPCMDGTKMWV5WCVWJCTKFCTKDCNKMLGPFGNC$GMCOGNKJCV5QPK5GOWVOGODCYCUGDWCJMQVCMMGTWOCJ$W$GTK-QVCMP[CDGUCT%WMWRWPVWMOGOCUWMMCP*QTCUMGFCNCOP[C5GFCPIDCIKCPNWCTP[CVGTDWPIMWUQNGJMCKPDGTYCTPCJKVCOő*GK2QMCEQDCNKJCVKVWŒRCPIIKN$GMC .CVCTRGVKMCPEGTKVCCPCMFKCVCUCFCNCJŗ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ŗC JGOCV EDKLCMUCPCD VKFCMOWFCJRGTEC[C FIGOCTTQVK 2CJCOKRCPVWPDGTKMWV #FCIWNCFKOCMCPUGOWV 5GOWVDGTUCNCODKNCDGTLWORC -CYCPVKFCMRGTNWMCWVCMWV ;QI[CUWFCJVKFCMCFCIGORC $GTFCUCTMCPRCPVWPFKCVCUFCRCVFKMGVCJWKEKTKEKTKRCPVWPCFCNCJŗ C 5CVWDCKVVGTFKTKFCTKGORCVDCTKUDCTKUFCPKUKDCTKUFCPUCORKTCPDGTKOCCDCD UCVWDCTKUVGTFKTKFCTKŌUWMWMCVC D 5CVWDCTKUVGTFKTKFCTKGORCVDCKVDCKVFCPUCORKTCPDCKVFCPKUKDGTKOCCDCDUCVW DCKVVGTFKTKFCTKŌUWMWMCVC E 5CVWDCKVVGTFKTKFCTKGORCVDCTKUDCTKUFCPUCORKTCPDCKVFCPKUKDGTKOCCDCD UCVWDCTKUVGTFKTKFCTKŌUWMWMCVC 8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
104 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. F 5CVWDCKVVGTFKTKFCTKŌUWMWMCVCDCTKUFCPUCOORKTCPDCTKUFCPKUKUCVW DCTKUVGTFKTKFCTKGORCVDCKV -WPCPIMWPCPIDGTNCORWDCFCP ŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗŗ 0CKMOQVQTNKJCVNCJFGRCP .KJCVDGNCMCPINGYCVURKQP $CIKCPTWORCPIFCNCORCPVWPFKCVCUUGDCKMP[CFKKUKŗ C MQVCVGTCPIDGTNCORWPGQP ELCFKCPCMLCPICPNCJDQJQPI D NCORWOCVKIGNCRUGMCNK FMWPCPIVGTDCPIOGPWLWFKRCP 5GOCTCPIMQVCP[CCVNCU 5WTCDC[CMQVCRCJNCYCP #[QMCYCPLCPICPOCNCU -GDQFQJCPJCTWUMKVCNCYCP 2CPVWPFKCVCUDGTKUKŗ ELGPCMC C VGMCVGMK FFWMCPGUVCRC D PCUKJCV++,CYCDNCJUQCNUQCNDGTKMWVFGPICPLGNCUFCPVGRCV$CECNCJFQPIGPIDGTKMWVFGPICPUCMUCOC,CYCDNCJUQCNPQOQTŌ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ŗ!RKMKT6CTQ9CNCWRWPCICM MGEGYC FGPICP DGPFC [CPI FKFCRCVMCPP[C 6CTQ NCNW DGTLCNCP UCODKN OGODCYC LGTCOK &K VGPICJ LCNCP KC OGPCPIMCR FCP OGPIKMCVMCP UGGMQT NCNCV DGUCT [CPI VGTDCPI FGPICP TKDWVP[COGPIGNKNKPIK6CTQFKLGTCOKP[C.CNCVVGTUGDWVVGTDCPIDGTRWVCTRWVCTRCFCLGTCOK [CPI UWFCJ FKKMCVMCP RCFC UGDCVCPI TCPVKPI 9CJ OGPCTKM [C WLCT 6CTQ 5CCV KVW NGYCV MGTGVC[CPIFKKMWVKRCTCRGPICYCN&KFCNCOMGTGVCKVWUGQTCPICPCMUGFCPIFWFWMUCODKN OGORGTJCVKMCPNCNCV6CTQ#MWKPIKPOCKPCPKVW5GQTCPIRGPICYCNFCVCPIOGPIJCORKTK 6CTQ FCP OGOKPVC OCKPCP KVW 5KNCMCP CODKN WLCT 6CTQ +DW CPCM VGTUGDWV OGODGTKMCP VKICDWCJLGTWMUGDCICKTCUCVGTKOCMCUKJP[CMGRCFC6CTQ 9CJ UGDCVCPI LGTCOK DKUC OGPLCFK VKIC DWCJ LGTWM WLCT 6CTQ FCNCO JCVK -GVKMC OGPGTWUMCP RGTLCNCPCPP[C VGTNKJCV UGQTCPI YCPKVC [CPI UGFCPI DGTKUVKTCJCV FCP UCPICV MGJCWUCP /CCH CFCMCJ VGORCV FK FGMCV UKPKOCVC CKT ! VCP[C YCPKVC VCFK #FC FK MWKN VGVCRK LCTCMP[C OCUKJ LCWJ FCTK UKPK MCNCW #PFC JCWU KPK MWDGTKMCP LGTWMMW MCVC 6CTQ UCODKNOGODGTKMCPLGTWMP[CMGRCFCYCPKVCKVW6GTKOCMCUKJDGTMCVGPIMCWCMWOGPLCFK8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 105 UGJCV FCP UGICT MGODCNK 6GTKOCNCJ MCKP VGPWP KPK UGDCICK TCUC VGTKOC MCUKJ MCOK WLCT UWCOK YCPKVC KVW &GPICP RGTCUCCP IGODKTC 6CTQ DGTLCNCP UCODKN OGODCYC MCKP KVW 6CM NCOC MGOWFKCP NGYCV UGQTCPI UCOWTCK FGPICP MWFCP[C -GVKMC FGMCV 6CTQ MWFC UCOWTCK KVW VGTLCVWJ FCP VKFCM OCORW DGTIGTCM NCIK #FWJ RCFCJCN MKVC UGFCPI VGTDWTWDWTW 2CTC RGPICYCN DGTGODWM CRC [CPI JCTWU FKNCMWMCP VGTJCFCR MWFC KVW /GNKJCV MGCFCCP KVW 6CTQ OGPCYCTMCP FKTK WPVWM OGPIWTWU MWFC KVW 5GDCICK ICPVKP[C 6CTQ OGODGTKMCP UGIWNWPIMCKPVGPWP[CPIKCFCRCVMCPMGRCFCRCTCRGPICYCNUCOWTCKKVW6CTQOGPICODKN CKT FCTK UWPICK FCP UGIGTC OGOKPWOMCPP[C MGRCFC MWFC KVW -GOWFKCP FGPICP UCPICV IGODKTC 6CTQ OGODCYC MWFC [CPI UWFCJ UGJCV KVW UCODKN OGODCYC IWNWPI MCKP [CPI VGTUKUC -GVKMCJCTKOGPLGNCPIOCNCO6CTQRGTIKMGTWOCJUGQTCPIRGVCPKWPVWMOGOKPVCOCMCPCP VGTPCM WPVWM MWFC FCP UGDCICK ICPVKP[C KC OGODGTKMCP UGIWNWPI MCKP [CPI FKOKNKMKP[C 2GVCPKKVWOGOCPFCPIKMCKPVGPWP[CPIKPFCJKVWFCPOGTCUCCOCVUGPCPI5GDCICKWECRCP VGTKOC MCUKJ RGVCPK KVW OGPLCOW 6CTQ OCMCP OCNCO FCP OGORGTUKNCMCPP[C OGPIKPCR FK TWOCJP[C 'UQM JCTKP[C 6CTQ OQJQP FKTK MGRCFC RGVCPK KVW FCP OGNCPLWVMCP RGTLCNCPCP FGPICPOGPWPIICPIMWFCP[C 6KDCVKDC FK FGRCP UGDWCJ TWOCJ DGUCT QTCPIQTCPI VCORCM UCPICV UKDWM OGOKPFCJMCP DCTCPIDCTCPI -CNCW CFC MWFC VGPVW UCPICV DGTOCPHCCV RKMKT 6CTQ -GOWFKCP VCTQ OCUWMMGJCNCOCPTWOCJFCPDGTVCP[CCRCMCJOGTGMCOGODWVWJMCPMWFC5CPIRGOKNKM TWOCJ DGTMCVC9CJ MWFC [CPI DCIWU #MW OGPIKPIKPMCPP[C VGVCRK CMW UCCV KPK VKFCM OGORWP[CK WCPI $CICKOCPCP MCNCW MW ICPVK FGPICP UCYCJMW ! $CKM WCPI MCNCW FKRCMCKUGIGTCJCDKUVGVCRKUCYCJDKNCFKICTCRCMCPOGPIJCUKNMCPDGTCU5KNCMCPMCNCWOCW FKVWMCTMCVC6CTQ $KLCMUCPCUGMCNKMCWCPCMOWFC$CICKOCPCLKMCUGNCOCCMWRGTIKMGPGIGTK[CPILCWJMCW VKPIICNFKUKPKWPVWMOGPLCICP[C!VCP[CUKRGOKNKMTWOCJ$CKMVGTKOCMCUKJ6WCP5GLCM UCCVKVWVCTQOGPLCICTWOCJKVWUCODKNDGMGTLCOGODGTUKJMCPTGTWORWVCPFCPOGPIICTCR UCYCJ[CPIFKFCRCVMCPP[C-GVKMCOWUKOIWIWTVKDC6CTQOGOCPGPRCFKP[C[CPIUCPICV DCP[CM 5GOCMKP NCOC 6CTQ UGOCMKP MC[C -CTGPC MGMC[CCPP[C DGTCYCN FCTK UGDCVCPI LGTCOK KC FKDGTK LWNWMCP 5CWFCICT ,GTCOK 2CTC VGVCPIICP[C [CPI MC[C FCVCPI MGRCFC 6CTQ FCP OGOKPVCCICTRWVTKOGTGMCFKLCFKMCPKUVTKQNGJ6CTQ6GVCRKCMJKTP[C6CTQOGPKMCJFGPICP UGQTCPIICFKUFCTKFGUCVGORCVKCFKNCJKTMCP+UVTKP[CDGMGTLCFGPICPTCLKPOGODCPVW6CTQ /GTGMC RWP FKMCTWPKCK UGQTCPI CPCM [CPI NWEW 9CMVW VGTWU DGTLCNCP VGVCRK 5K RGOKNKM TWOCJ VKFCM RGTPCJ MGODCNK NCIK &GPICP FGOKMKCP 6CTQ JKFWR DCJCIKC DGTUCOC MGNWCTICP[C 5WODGT JVVR YYYOCNCODNQPIURQVEQO 6WNKUNCJJCNJCNOGPCTKM[CPIMCOWVGOWMCPFCNCOFQPIGPIFKCVCU 5KCRCVQMQJFCNCOFQPIGPIFKCVCUFCPDCICKOCPCYCVCMP[C 2GTPCJMCJMCOWOGPICNCOKRGTKUVKYCUGRGTVK[CPIFKCNCOKVQMQJFKCVCU!2GTKUVKYCCRC KVW!%QDCEGTKVCMCP %GTKVCMCPMGODCNKFQPIGPIFKCVCUFGPICPMCNKOCVOWUGPFKTK8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
106 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs.$CECNCJDGTKVCDGTKMWVFGPICPUCMUCOC,CYCDNCJUQCNPQOQTŌ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ŏŏ-CTGPC UC[C 205 UC[C OGPFCRCVMCP 6CRGTWO -CTGPC MCOK KPIKP OGODGNK TWOCJ MCOK JCP[COGOKPVCHQTOWNKTFCTK$60$CPM6CDWPICP0GICTC FCPOGPICLWMCPRGPICODKNCP TWOCJ .CNW $60 [CPI OGPIWTWU UGOWCP[C YCMVWP[C LWIC VKFCM NCOC 0CJ UGMCTCPI MCOK DKUC OGPGORCVK TWOCJ OKNKMUGPFKTKŏŏ WLCTP[C $CPVWCP [CPI FKVGTKOC &CNKOCJ UCCV KVWUGDGUCT4RLWVC$CPVWCPKVWFKCIWPCMCPWPVWMOGODC[CTWCPIOWMCTWOCJUGNWCU OGVGTRGTUGIKO FK6GNWM,CODG-CTCYCPI,CYC$CTCV 5GOGPVCTC UQCN EKEKNCP TWOCJ FKVGVCRMCP UGUWCK CVWTCP $604WOCJ UGJCTIC 4R LWVC KVW FKC EKEKN RGT DWNCPP[C UGDGUCT 4R JKPIIC UGMCTCPI ŏŏ%KEKNCP TWOCJ KVW FCNCO YCMVW FGMCV CMCP UGIGTC NWPCUŏŏ WECRP[C UCODKN VGTUGP[WO 5GOGPVCTC KVW EKEKNCP RKPLCOCPWCPIOWMCFCTK6CRGTWOVKCRDWNCPP[CJKPIICMKPKOCUKJFKRQVQPIFCTKICLKP[C FGPICPPQOKPCN[CPIVGTDKNCPITKPICP[CMPKCPVCTC4RŌ4R$CPVWCPUGDGUCT4R LWVC KVW OGPWTWV &CNKOCJ UCPICV OGODCPVW KDW DGTCPCM GORCV KPK OGPFCRCVMCP TWOCJ 2CUCNP[C UCCV KVW WCPI OWMC UGDGUCT 4R LWVC VGTCUC DGIKVW DGUCT ŏŏ9CMVW KVW 4R LWVC KVW DGUCT MCNCW UGMCTCPI [C MGEKN -CTGPC KVW DCPVWCP 6CRGTWO KVW UCPICV OGODCPVW MCOK OGPFCRCVMCP TWOCJ [CPI MCOK KPIKPMCP 5GDCD WCPI OWMC FCTK TWOCJ [CPI MCOK CODKN [CUGIKVW4RLWVC LCFKP[CRCUŏŏVWVWTP[C*CN[CPIUCOCFKWVCTCMCPECNQP205FK,CMCTVC 6KOWT;WFK &YK &KC OGPICMW UWFCJ OGOCPHCCVMCP 6CRGTWO WPVWM OGPICODKN TWOCJ FK MCYCUCP %KMCTCPI 4WOCJ [CPI FKCODKNP[C VKRG [CPI DGTCFC FK RQUKUK JQQM FGPICPNWCUVCPCJO 0KNCK$CPVWCP5CPICV4GPFCJ 5GOGPVCTCKVW#TOKVC#TFGO205IQNQPICP+++FK&24KPKOGPICVCMCPDGNWOOGPICODKN TWOCJ UGECTC -24 OGNCNWK $CRGTVCTWO 2CUCNP[C DCPVWCP [CPI FKDGTKMCP PKNCKP[C OCUKJ UCPICVMGEKNŏŏ7PVWMIQNQPICP+++JCP[C4RLWVC5GMCTCPIWCPIUGDGUCTKVWVKFCMEWMWR WPVWM OGODC[CT WCPI OWMC TWOCJŏŏ MCVCP[C -GPFCVK FGOKMKCP FKC OGPICMW OCUKJ RKMKTRKMKT WPVWM OGPICODKN TWOCJ OGNCNWK UWDUKFK $GRGTVCTWO 5GDCD FGPICP DCPVWCP [CPI PKNCKP[C VKFCM DGTVCODCJ FCTK VCJWP MG VCJWP KVW LWUVTW DWPIC FCTK DCPVWCP [CPI FKRQVQPIFCTKICLKP[CCMCPNGDKJDGUCTŏŏ-GEKNUGMCNKUGMCTCPIVKFCMDKUCWPVWMDC[CTWCPI OWMC DGNWO RQVQPICPP[C FCTK DCPVWCP KVW ,WONCJ KVW RCNKPI JCP[C WPVWM CFOKPKUVTCUK8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs. 107 -CNCW FWNW OWPIMKP DKUC OGODCPVW VCRK UGMCTCPI [C VKFCM DKUC UGMCTCPI MCP CRCCRC OCJCNŏŏ MGNWJP[C -CTGPC KVW FKC DGTJCTCR LWONCJ DCPVWCP VGTUGDWV FKVCODCJ CVCW FKUGUWCKMCPRGTMGODCPICP\COCPUGRGTVKPKNCKFC[CDGNKWCPIFCPJCTICJCTIC[CPIVGTWU OGNCODWPI JVVR YYYUGRWVCTKPFQPGUKCEQO #RCKUKDGTKVCFKCVCU! 5KORWNMCPNCJDGTKVCFKCVCU 6GPVWMCPRQMQMRQMQMDGTKVCFKCVCU 6WNKUMGODCNKDGTKVCFKCVCUFCNCODGDGTCRCMCNKOCV 6WNKUNCJUGDWCJUWTCVMGRCFCVGOCPOWFKNWCTMQVC+UKUWTCVDGDCU2GTJCVKMCPCVWTCP UGDWCJRGPWNKUCPUWTCVFCPDCJCUCUWTCV $WCVNCJUGDWCJRGPIWOWOCPDCTCPIJKNCPI8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
108 Bahasa Indonesia Jendela Ilmu Pengetahuan Kelas VII SMP/MTs.8ML.RPSHWHQVL6HPHVWHU
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