Flipp Book class 9

Approved by Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) , Sanothimi, Bhaktapur, Nepal Smart Computer Science Book-9 Author Prabhu Ram Khadka M. Sc. IT (SMU), B. Ed. (TU) MeMorica Pvt. Ltd. Publishers & Distributors Maitidevi, Katmandu

Book : Smart Computer Science Book-9 : Prabhu Ram Khadka Author : Language Editors Publisher : MeMorica Pvt. Ltd. Edition Maitidevi, Kathmandu Copyright Ph: 01-4438703 ISBN : 1st 2078 B.S. (2021 AD) Price : All rights reserved with the author : : NRs. 464.00/- For suggestion and advice please contact at [email protected] Cell : 9841816625, 9813303490 (Viber/Messenger) https://www.facebook.com/prabhuram.khadka.9 URL: www.memoricapublication.com

About this Book Creative Computer Science is a graded series of Eight textbooks prepared for class 1 to 10. This series of book is comprehensively designed on the basis of guide lines and syllabi designed by Government of Nepal, Ministry of edu- cation, Curriculum development centre. Beginning with the very basic concept of computer, the series gradually in- troduces more advanced aspects of computing concept, skill and software to students as they go to higher classes. It attempts to include latest software required for the daily working. I hope, this series shall be helpful in the overall development of the learners. Salient features • Step by step simple technique and tools. • Simple vocabulary and language. • Practical approach based • Worksheet based. • Logical analysis and case study base for enhancing creativeness. • Activity based. • Project work based. Although I’ve tried my best no to do any mistake as far as possible, some errors may have crept in without noticing. If so that I’d like to request the re- spected teachers to correct the mistakes for the students. Comments and constructive suggestions from students, teachers and well wishers are always welcome. Constructive advice will be incorporated in the next edition. I duly thank duo of Mr. Sharan Ratna Sthapit , Mr. Dilip Suwal and Mr. Sumindra Basnet for their contribution on editing through out this book. My hearty thanks go to Mr. Bidhan Khadka for his effort of bringing my work accomplished. Prabhu Ram Khadka The Author

TABLE OF CONTENTS Ch. Title Page no. 1. IntroductIon of computer 1-9 2. computer SyStem 10-21 3. Input-output devIceS 22-45 4. computer memory 46-65 5. computer Software 66-77 6. operatIng SyStem 78-100 7. workIng wIth graphIcS 101-122 8. Internet & web technology 123-183 9. programmIng concept 184-197 10. programmIng In QbaSIc 198-210 11. operator, operand & expreSSIon 211-221 12. Q-baSIc StatementS 222-231 13. control flow StatementS 232-244 14. loopIng In Q-baSIc 245-267 15. lIbrary functIonS 268-298 16. array In Qba SIc 299-316

1Introduction of Computer CHAPTER Chapter Includes • Introduction of computer • Characteristics of computer • Limitations of computer • Application fields of computer INTRODUCTION The 20th century saw the birth of one of the most important tools widely used today called a computer. Computer as a revolution left no area of life untouched in the present world. It is of tremendous help in all fields of life. Hence, the knowledge of computer is a necessity for existence in this global village. The invention of the computer has transformed our simple manual works to sophisticated life of automated works to meet the global demand for higher productivity and increased efficiency with high precision. So, This 21st century is being referred as the digital age. A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory. It can accept data (input), process the data according to specified rules (process), produce information (output), and store the information for future use. So, a computer is also called the Information Processing Machine (IPM). The information produced by the computer is useful for us to take the right decision in our work. Smart Computer Science Book-9 7

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMPUTER Due to the most valuable characteristics, computer is more powerful machine than other machines. The major characteristics of a computer are speed, accuracy, diligence, versatility and memory: Speed Computers are very fast machine. They work in very high speed, they are able to process the data and give the output in fractions of a second. The powerful PC(Personal Computer) can work almost 5 million instructions per second. So, the speed of the computer is measured in terms of MIPS (Million Instruction Per Second). Unit of Time Fraction of a second 10 raised to the power Value Millisecond 1/1000 10-3 One thousandth Micro Second 1/1000000 10-6 One millionth Nanosecond 1/1000000000 10-9 One billionth Picosecond 1/1000000000000 10-12 One trillionth Accuracy In spite of its high speed of processing, the computer's accuracy is consistently high and avoids any errors. If it produces errors, they are due to errors in the instructions given by the programmer, means inaccurate instructions lead the inaccurate result which is called GIGO (Garbage In, Garbage Out), if the input is wrong the output will also be wrong. Diligence Being a machine, computer does not suffer from tiredness, boredom, or lack of concentration. Even if millions of calculations are to be performed, it will perform the last calculation with the same accuracy, speed and concentration as the first one. Versatility They can perform several tasks at the same time, such as user can play songs, work on documents, search for any documents in the hard disk, surf the net, download software, calculate sums, etc. Memory This is also one of the most essential characteristics of the computer, these days they can store almost any volume of data due to its high storage capacities. Once the data or instruction is saved to the computer memory which remains in the memory until and unless someone deletes it. This information can be retrieved instantly when desired. 8 Introduction of Computer

LIMITATIONS OF COMPUTER 1. The Computer does not work on itself. 2. Computers are not intelligent. 3. Computers cannot take decisions on its own. 4. No IQ (Intelligence Quotient ) BASIC APPLICATION OF COMPUTER In this age of 21st century, Computers are used in so many fields in our daily life. It has become most important thing like our food, shelter and clothing because there is no any fields without computer. It has wide range of application. Some of the basic application fields of computers are: Business: Computers are used in several business organizations for maintaining staff records, sales forecasting, production planning, marketing planning, etc. Entertainment : Computers can be used to listen music, watch movies, play games and also computer is used to create these. Banking: Using the computer, Banks provide an online banking facility which includes current balances, deposits, overdrafts, interest charges, etc. ATM (Automated Teller Machine) is a most efficient service of the Bank. Healthcare: Computers are used in hospitals to automate the day to day procedures and operations at hospitals, such as to keep the record of patients and medicines, online appointments, discharge,etc. as well as to diagnose the disease and perform the surgery. Education: Computers are used in the education sector through online classes, online examinations, referring e-books, online tutoring, etc. They help in increased use of audio- visual aids in the education field. Communication: Computer is being an integral part of communication. Computing communication includes e-mail, chatting, Telnet, video-conferncing, etc. Due to computer this world transformed into global village, in a single click people can connect with each other. Defence: Modern tanks, missiles, weapons are fully computerized and controlled by computer. Some military areas where a computer has been used for missile control, military communication, military operation and planning, etc. TYPES OF COMPUTER Computers are divided into three types according to their working principle: i) Analog computers ii) Digital computers iii) Hybrid computers Analog Computers The computers, which provide us continuous information are called analog computers. Analog computers represent physical quantities in the form of waves or in a continuous form. Thermometer, Traditional clock, Weight machine, speedometer are examples of analog device. Analog computers are used in scientific and engineering purposes. A Seismograph is an analog computer which is used to detect and record earthquakes. Smart Computer Science Book-9 9

Digital Computers The computers, which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers. It is designed to perform calculations and logical operations at high speed. It works in two states 0 and 1. All modern computers like laptop ,desktop, tablet, mobile phone are examples of digital computer. Hybrid Computer The device having the combination features of analog and digital computer is called hybrid computer. It is the special purpose computer. This type of machine is generally used in industrial process and scientific application. In ICU (Intensive Care Unit) of a hospital, hybrid computers are used. Such computer informs the doctor about the blood pressure, temperature, and physical status of the patient. Points to Know • Computer is of tremendous help in all fields of life. Hence, the knowledge of computer is a necessity for existence in this global village. • A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory. • A computer can accept data (input), process the data according to specified rules (process), produce information (output), and store the information for future use. • The characteristic of computers are : accuracy, diligence, versatile, and memory. • There is no IQ, intelligence, decision making power with the computer. • The major application fields of the computers are : business, entertainment. Banking, healthcare, escutcheon and communication. • Computers are divided into three types according to their working principle: analogue computers, digital computers,hybrid computers • The computers which provide us continuous information are called analogue computers. • The computers which present physical quantities with the help of symbols or numbers and provide us discrete information are called digital computers. • The device having the combination features of analog and digital computer is called hybrid computer. 10 Introduction of Computer

Terms to Know Digital : The working principal based on 0 and 1 state. Hybrid : Combination of two or more than tow features. Analog : Working feature based on wave or continues series. Electronic : The device based on small chips and run with electric Instruction signal. Information : Order to work. : Result obtained after calculating. Worksheet Objective Questions 1. Fill in the blanks: a. A Computer is an .................................. device b. One second equal to ............................. millisecond. c. The computers, which provide us continuous information are called ........................... computer. d. Digital computers work in the two states ................... and ................... e. Digital computer provides ............................. information. f. This 21st century is being referred as the ....................... age. 2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements: a. All the modern computers are digital computers. b. Analog computers are used in scientific and engineering purposes. c. Traditional clock is a digital computer. d. Seismograph is used to detect the disease in the hospital. e. The hybrid computers are used in every part of our life. f. Computer doe not work itself. g. This information can be retrieved instantly when desired in the computer. Smart Computer Science Book-9 11

h. Computer can perform several tasks at the same time. i. Computer produces errors due to errors in instructions given by us. j. Computer will perform the last calculation with the same accuracy, speed and concentration as the first one. 3. Write the full forms of : a. IQ ................................................ e. GIGO ................................................ b. MIPS............................................. f. IPM .................................................... c. ICU ......................................... g. PC .................................................... d. CBT ......................................... h. ATM ................................................. 4. Circle for the correct option: a. The speed of the computer is measured in: i) GB ii) MBPS iii) MIPS iv) KBPS b. The characteristics of computers are: i) Speed ii) Memory iii) Diligence iv) All of these c. Basic operation of the computer? i) Input ii) Process iii) Output iv) Storage v) All of these d. Which is not the application field of the computer ? i) Business ii) Education iv) Banking v) None of these e. Seismograph is a device called :? i) Analog ii) Digital iii) Hybrid v) All of these f. Digital devices: iii) Weight Machine v) All of these i) Laptop ii) Thermometer g. Hybrid computer is used in: i) Industrial process ii) Scientific application iii) All of these Descriptive Questions 1. Answer the following questions in depth: a. What is computer? b. What can computer do? c. Write the importance of computer. 12 Introduction of Computer

d. Write the major characteristics of the computer. e. What do you mean by GIGO? f. What is hybrid computer? g. What is digital computer? h. What is analog computer? i. Write the major application fields of computer. j. Write a note about limitation of computers. Logical Questions 1. Answer the following questions logically: a. Why is computer called IPM? b. How is information produced by computer useful for us? c. Why are computers more powerful and important machine in the comparison of other machines? d. Why is speed of computer measured in MIPS? e. Why is computer called diligent machine? f. How is computer versatile machine? g. How does a computer help in the education system? Application based questions 1. Mr. Manik Lal made a presentation in the topic \"Computer is being an essential and multipurpose tool of our life.\" You were not the audience of his presentation, imagine his presentation and justify the following: a. How is the computer most essential tool for us? b. How is computer multi purpose tool ? c. Could this presentation prove that every person needs to be literate of computer? Give your strong logic. 2. Studythegivenpictureandanswerthefollowingquestions: a. Write the name of each device? b. Which computational feature is used in these devices ? c. Write the function and use of these devices. Smart Computer Science Book-9 13

3. Study the given picture and answer the following questions: a. What is being shown in this picture? b. Which device is used here ? c. Which computational feature is used in this device ? 4. In the basis of given picture and answer the following questions: a. In which field computers are being used in the given picture? b. For what purpose computers are used in this field? c. Which type of computers are used in this type of work? 5. In the basis of given picture, answer the following questions: a. Which application field of computer is being lead by this picture? b. Which type of computer is being used in this picture? 6. This is Jhunuk Lal Mishra, he is typing a document in the computer in his office, it seems he is listing music. He is searching a picture in Google, editing it in image editing software and placing in the document, after completing this document, he sends e-mail to his boss. Sometime he is chatting with multiple friends and sometime watching video clips. In this way he performs lots of work in his computer. a. Which type of computer feature is represented by these activities? b. Which type of computer is being used by Jhunuk Lal? 14 Introduction of Computer

Activities 1. Organize an inter class debate competition in the class the topic \"Simple manual life is better than sophisticated digital life.\" 2. Make a chart paper presentation with the suitable heading on the following pair of picture. 3. Write an article for your school's news bulletin in the topic \"Computer transformed this world into the global Village.\" School Bulletin Project Work 15 1. Prepare the depth project work in the topic \"Application fields of Computer\". The project work includes the following: a. Text b. Image c. Illustration figure d. Video clip e. Digital Presentation Smart Computer Science Book-9

Computer System CHAPTER 2 Chapter Includes • Introduction of computer system • Parts Of CPU • Input Unit • Secondary Storage • Memory Unit • Bus • Processing Unit • Motherboard • Output Unit • Software INTRODUCTION The computer is a programmable electronic device which always performs the task in the principle of input, process, output and storing the information. It is impossible to perform this task with single component. So, basic four types of functional devices are required and integrated under a single roof to perform this task. If more than one devices are integrated that forms a system. Therefore computer is a system which performs the computing task. The computer system is just as our complete body formation with the integration of different organs and respiration system, it is also formed with integration of different hardware parts and software. Hardware parts are as our internal and external organs of our body and software can be compared with our soul or respiration system that helps to bring life to the computer. So, It is defined that a computer system is an smart architecture with the integration of different hardware devices as well as software they work together to process data and produce the output result according to our instructions. The major functional hardware components integrated with computer system are as : 1. Input hardware 3. Memory hardware 2. Processing hardware 4. Output hardware These hardware form the four units of computer system : Input unit, memory unit, processing unit and output unit. All these hardware components are connected with wire, wireless and with digital circuitry and forms a system. The basic architecture of computer system is illustrated in the following figure: 16 Computer System

Data & Instruction Software & Data Information Input Unit Secondary Storage Output Unit Memory Unit Control Unit Data Flow Arithmetic Logical Control Flow Unit CPU MOTHERBOARD INPUT UNIT In computing, an input unit is a piece of computer hardware peripheral device used to provide data and signals to an information processing system. Examples of input devices include keyboards, mouse, scanners, digital cameras, joysticks, microphone, etc. When we supply our data and instruction through the input device that is converted into computer readable form (0 and 1) then goes to the primary memory unit. MEMORY UNIT Memory unit is a collection of storage cells together with associated circuits which is known as primary memory that is a RAM (Random Access Memory). It holds the unprocessed data, instruction, programs and processed information. So, it is also Smart Computer Science Book-9 17

called working memory or main memory of the computer. It is temporary in nature because we will not get any information after shut down and power failure. The data and instructions supplied from input unit are first stored in this memory, then transferred to ALU of CPU where further processing is done. After processing data, again the result is transferred to this memory unit, then goes to the output device as an information. The necessary programs (i.e. operating system, application programs) and data of secondary storage are also transferred in this memory before being used by the computer. CENTRAL PROCESSING UNIT (CPU) Central processing unit (CPU) is the central component of the computer system. Sometimes it is called as microprocessor or processor. The CPU is an integrated circuit that contains millions of transistors, packed into a single chip. It works same as our brain works in the body, so, it is called brain of the computer. It is responsible in controlling all the other components attached to the computer system such as keyboard, mouse, memory, and printer etc. All the functions and processing tasks are done in the CPU. It receives inputs, performs logical as well as arithmetic operation and produces meaningful output. Specially logical and arithmetic operation are known as the processing task. The CPU has three parts: a. CU (Control Unit) b. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) c. Register CU (Control Unit) The Control Unit (CU) Controls and coordinates all the activities performed in the computer system using time signal. It gives and receives the electronic control signals to the ALU, memory unit, input and output devices and secondary storage how to handle the program or instruction in proper order, without control signals of CU, other devices connected to computer system do not work. So, it is also called central nerve of a computer. It receives information or instruction from the main memory of a computer, then converts them into control signals and understands which operation to execute exactly and in which order then this signals are sent to the ALU for further processing. ALU (Arithmetic Logic Unit) After you enter data through the input device that is stored in the memory unit that is a RAM (Random Access Memory). The actual processing of the data 18 Computer System

and instruction are performed by Arithmetic Logic Unit. The major operations performed by the ALU are addition, subtraction, multiplication, division and logical comparison. Data is transferred to ALU from memory unit when required. After processing, the result returns back to the memory unit. Registers It is a temporary storage area of the computer processor. It is managed by control unit(CU). Registers hold data, instruction, intermediate result and storage address that are needed while program running and data processing. OUTPUT UNIT The output unit produces the information from the computer to user in the human readable form. The output device receives the information from the processing unit in machine readable form, translates them in human readable form and presents to the user. The common output devices are monitor, printer, speaker, projector, etc. SECONDARY STORAGE Secondary storage is called as a permanent storage unit because the data remains in this device even when there is a power failure or shutdown, they are much cheaper than primary memory. It is also called auxiliary memory. When the data is stored in this memory user can recall the data whenever they need. All the software programs are stored in this memory, such as operating system, application program, language program, etc. Processed result and data are also stored permanently in this device. When we open program or data file, they are transferred in the temporary memory unit (i.e. RAM). HDD (Hard Disk), SSD (Solid State Disk), optical disk, flash drive are secondary storage. BUS As we know computers system contained many internal and external components. In order for these components to communicate with each other, a bus is used. A computer bus is Smart Computer Science Book-9 19

a common pathway through which information is travelled from one component to another. In simple words, a computer bus is a set of parallel conductors, which may be conventional wires, copper tracks on a Printed Circuit Board, or microscopic aluminum trails on the surface of a silicon chip. MOTHERBOARD A motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB). It is the backbone or roof of a computer system. It holds together all of the crucial components of a computer, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory and connectors for input and output devices. The base of a motherboard consists of a very firm sheet of non-conductive material, typically some sort of rigid plastic. Thin layers of copper or aluminum foil, referred to as traces, are printed onto this sheet. These traces are very narrow and form the circuits between the various components. In addition to circuits, a motherboard contains a number of sockets and slots to connect the other components. SOFTWARE Software is an important part of the computer system. It is a collection of programs used to operate computers and execute specified tasks. Software brings life to the computer, without soft- ware, it is similar to a dead body. All the software are installed in the secondary storage hard disk. When we startup the computer, operating sys- tem program becomes automatically loaded in the primary memory unit from the secondary storage, then computer becomes alive. 20 Computer System

Points to Know • The computer is a programmable electronic device which always performs the task in the principle of input, process, output and storing the information. • The Computer system just as our complete body is formed with the integration of different organs and respiration system. • Computer system is an integration of different hardware devices as well as the software they work together to process data and produce the output result according to our instructions. • Hardware components are connected with wire, wireless and with digital circuitry which is known as buses. • An input unit is a piece of computer hardware peripheral device used to provide data and control signals to an information processing system. • Memory unit holds the supplied data and instruction from the input device, access data and programs from secondary storage, processes result temporary. • Processing unit preforms the processing task included logical and arithmetic operation. • The output unit produces the output result in the human readable form. • Secondary storage stores the data and program permanently. • Registers hold data, instruction, intermediate result and address that are needed while program running and data processing. • A computer bus is a common pathway through which information is connected from one component to another. • A motherboard is the main printed circuit board (PCB). • Software is the set of instructions for the computer to execute the computer. Terms to Know Instruction : An order given to a computer to perform a task. Data : Data is a collection of raw facts, such as numbers, words, etc. Device : Object that is made for specific purpose. Peripheral : The device which is connected to the motherboard with the cable in the computer system. Hardware : Physical components of computer. Circuit board : The board electrically connects electrical or electronic components. Parallel conductors : Two current carrying conductors placed in parallel order. Program : Set of instruction Smart Computer Science Book-9 21

Worksheet Objective Questions 1. Fill in the blanks: a. The computer always works in the principle of .......................... , ..................., and ........................ the information. b. Computer system is a smart ......................... c. Input unit is a piece of computer ........................... peripheral device. d. Memory unit is known as ............................... memory. e. The data and instructions supplied from input unit are first stored in the ..................... unit. f. ......................... is the central component of the computer system. g. CPU contains millions of ............................... h. All the functions and processing tasks are done in the ............................. i. CU controls all the activities in the computer system using .......................... signal. j. ............................. is a temporary storage area of the computer processor. k. ............................. storage are called permanent storage unit. l. A computer ....................... is a common pathway. 2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements: a. The computer is a programmable electronic device. b. Computer system is an integration of hardware devices and software. c. Input unit supplies the data and instructions in the form of human readable. d. Machine readable form is 0 and 1. e. Primary memory is temporary in nature. f. CPU is also called micro processor or processor. g. Program and data of secondary storage are also transferred in the memory unit before being used by computer. 22 Computer System

h. CPU works as our brain of the computer. i. All the software are installed in the primary. j. Computer bus is a set of parallel conductors. 3. Write the full forms of : a. PCB ................................................ e. CPU ............................................... b. HDD.............................................. f. ALU ................................................ c. RAM ............................................. g. CU .................................................. h. SSD ............................................. 4. Circle for the correct option: a. Software brings: i) Life ii) Death iii) Instruction iv) Both i) and iii) b. Main printed circuit board is a : i) CPU ii) Motherboard iii) HDD iv) All of these c. Information is connected from one component to another with the help of: i) RAM ii) Secondary storage iii) Bus v) All of these d. Which is not stored in HDD? i) Unprocessed data ii) Processed information iii) Intermediate result iv) Software e. Which is not output device? i) Monitor ii) Speaker iii) Microphone iv) Printer f. Which one is used to store intermediate result and storage address? i) Registers ii) HDD iii) RAM iv) All of thesese g. Which is not a part of CPU: i) Registers ii) Motherboard iii) ALU iv) CU h. Brain of the computer: i) CPU ii) Motherboard iii) Secondary storage iv) RAM i. Main memory is known as: i) RAM ii) Registers iii) HDD iv) All of these j. Which is not input device? i) Keyboard ii) Mouse iii) Speaker iv) Scanner k. ALU performs: i) Addition ii) Multiply iii) Comparison iv) Both i) and ii) Smart Computer Science Book-9 23

l. Control signals are sent to other devices by: i) CU ii) ALU iii) CPU iv) All of these iv) None of these m. Printer is: i) Input ii) Process iii) Output 5. Match the following: Output device a. RAM CPU b. SSD Auxiliary memory c. Operating system Main memory d. Intermediate result Being processed e. Micro processor Secondary storage f. Projector Computer program g. Secondary storage 5. Write the terms for the following: f. Temporary storage areas of the computer processor. a. Backbone of the computer. Ans:......................................... Ans:......................................... b. Device used to supply data into the g. The part of the computer that computer for further processing. holds data, instruction and programs temporarily. Ans:......................................... c. The part of the CPU which control Ans:......................................... and coordinates all the parts of computer. h. A common pathway through which information is travelled from one Ans:......................................... component to another. d. The device which produces the information in human readable Ans:......................................... form. i. The part of the CPU where actual Ans:......................................... processing tasks are performed. e. Integration of input, process, storage and output unit is Ans:......................................... commonly known as: j. An integrated circuit that contains Ans:......................................... millions of transistors, packed into a single chip. Ans:......................................... 24 Computer System

Descriptive Questions 1. Answer the following questions in depth: a. What is the primary memory? b. What is the role of input unit? c. What is computer system? d. What is CPU? e. Write the function of CU. f. What is ALU? Write its function. g. What is the role of output unit in the computer system. h. What is the software? Write the importance of software. Logic based Questions 1. Answer the following questions logically: a. Why is the primary memory called working memory or main memory? b. Why is a computer called system? c. Why is CPU called central component of the computer? d. Why is CU called the central nerve of the computer? e. Why are registers used? f. Why is secondary storage permanent? g. Why is the primary memory temporary? h. Why are buses used? i. Why is motherboard most essential part of computer system? Application based questions 1. In the basis of given picture, answer the given questions: a. Name the devices and unit of computer system where they belong. 1 b. Why do you use these devices? c. How do these devices work in the computer system? d. If the data is to be supplied from the hard disk, 2 are these devices necessary? Mention your view. Smart Computer Science Book-9 25

2. In the basis of given diagram, answer the given questions: a. What does this di- Software & Data agram represent? Secondary Storage Information b. What do solid Data & Instruction Output Unit lines represent? 1 2 c. What do dashes Input Unit Memory Unit represent? d. What do double sided arrows rep- Control Unit resent? e. What do single Arithmetic Logical sided arrows rep- Unit resent? CPU f. Where are CPU and memory unit MOTHERBOARD mounted? g. CU and ALU are placed on the CPU plate, what does it represent? 3. In the basis of given picture, answer the giv- en questions: a. Name the devices and unit of computer system where they belong. b. Why do you use these devices? d. How do these devices work? Give your logic. 4. In the basis of given picture, answer the given questions: a. Name the device and write the logic behind its name? b. In the lesson, it is said ,\" it is a backbone or roof of the computer system.\" Give your strong logic for this statement. 26 Computer System

Activities 1. Organize an inter class speech competition in the class on the topic \"Without software computer is similar to a dead body.\" 2. Make a chart paper presentation about \"Basic Architecture of Computer System.\" 3. Write an article for your school's news bulletin in School Bulletin the topic \"CPU is a Brain of the Computer.\" Lab Activities 1. Perform the following activities in the com- puter Lab with the supervision of computer teacher, then prepare the report. b. Get old computer system and recognize the port of cable connection of input output devices in CPU cabinet. b. Deassemble and assemble the CPU. Smart Computer Science Book-9 27

Input-Output Devices CHAPTER 3 Chapter Includes • Introduction of peripheral and types • Input device and types • Output devices and types • Ports INTRODUCTION The input-output devices are known as the peripheral devices. All the internal as well as external devices surround the central processing unit (CPU) are called the peripheral devices. All these peripheral devices are responsible for central processing unit. The users interact with the CPU through these devices. Thus, they act as an interface between users and the CPU. The interaction is difficult because of the language barrier. The CPU uses machine language, which is difficult for users. The input-output (I/O) devices help in taking the translated version of the input to machine readable form(0 and 1) and output to users readable form. There are major two types of peripheral devices: i) Input devices ii) Output devices INPUT DEVICE All computer peripheral devices which are used to input data and instructions to the computer are called input devices. Keyboard, mouse and touchpad are common input devices. Input devices accept data and instructions from the user and convert them into a form which computer can understand (i.e. 0 and 1), then send to the main memory of the computer for processing. Input devices are connected to a computer system with USB port (Universal Serial Bus), Ps/2 port 28 Input-Output Devices

or Bluetooth. The following are the important types input devices: a. Keyboard b. Pointing devices c. Digital camera d. Microphone e. Digitizer f. Mark and character recognition device Keyboard Keyboard is a one of the primary input devices used to input data and instruction into the computer system by pressing the keys in the keyboard. The common layout of the keyboard is QWERTY. It has function keys, control keys, arrow keys, keypad and the keyboard itself with the letters, numbers and commands. A laptop keyboard is more compact than a desktop keyboard to make the laptop smaller and lighter. Smart phones and tablets use on-screen keyboard to input messages and commands. Pointing Devices A pointing device is a hardware peripheral input device that allows the user to move the pointer in a computer program or GUI (Graphical User Interface) operating system. Using a pointing device, you can point, click or manipulate any object or text on the screen. For example, using a pointing device you can point and select an icon, menu, object from a list. Popular pointing devices are: a. Mouse b. Touch pad c. Trackball d. Joystick e. Touch screen f Light Pen Mouse The Mouse is the most popular pointing device. It is a very famous cursor- control device having a small palm size box with a round small ball at its base, which senses the movement of the mouse and sends corresponding signals to the CPU when the mouse buttons are pressed. Generally, it has two buttons called the left and the right button and a wheel is present between the buttons. A mouse can be used to control the position of the cursor on the screen, but it cannot be used to enter text into the computer. Smart Computer Science Book-9 29

Touch pad The Touchpad is a pointing input device which works as a mouse. It also has two buttons for right and left to click. It comes with a laptop computer. It lets you control the movement of the cursor or pointer by moving your finger over the touchpad. Track Ball The trackball is an input device that is mostly used in notebook or laptop computer, instead of a mouse. The ball is half inserted in the device and can be easily rolled with a finger, thumb or the palm to move the pointer on the screen. The device has sensors to detect the rotation of the ball. Since the whole device is not moved, a track ball requires less space than a mouse. Joystick Joystick is also a pointing input device, which is used to move and control the cursor position on a monitor screen. It has a stick having a spherical ball at its both lower and upper ends and some push buttons. The lower spherical ball moves in a socket. The joystick can be moved in all four directions. The function of the joystick is similar to a mouse. It is used to play computer game. Although, a keyboard and mouse can be used, joystick provides a better control. Touch Screen Touch screen is a touch sensor display screen of a device such as a smartphone, tablet, etc., that allows users to interact or provide inputs to the device by using their finger. Today, most of the electronic devices come with touchscreen as an alternative to a mouse for navigating a graphical user interface. Besides this, it is used in lots of devices such as a TV screen, monitor, smart board, camera, car GPS (Global Positioning System), fitness machine, etc. 30 Input-Output Devices

Light Pen Light pen is a pointing input device similar to a pen. It is used to select the menu item, draw lines and figures on the CRT (Cathode Ray Tube) monitor screen. It consists of a photocell and an optical system placed in a small tube. When the tip of a light pen is moved over the monitor screen and the pen button is pressed, its photocell sensing element detects the screen location and sends the signal to the CPU. Digital Camera/Webcam A digital camera is an input device that takes both photographs and videos and stores on a memory card. Picture and videos captured in digital camera are transferred to the computer with USB for further processing. After processing, we can use as our requirement. The webcam is also similar to a digital camera, but it is in-built or connected to the computer. The pictures and videos captured by webcam directly stored in the secondary storage of a computer. Microphone The microphone is an input device of the computer that is used to input the sound. It receives the sound vibrations and converts them into audio signals. The audio signals are converted into digital data and stored in the computer. The microphone also enables the user to telecommunicate with others. Scanner A scanner is an input device which works like a photocopy machine. It captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages, and similar sources for computer editing and display. It has mainly two working methods: i) First, it captures the matter and convert into optical image. ii) Second one converts the optical images into digital format and transfers to the compute for Smart Computer Science Book-9 31

further editing and processing with the suitable image editing software. Commonly two types of scanners are more popular: i.) Flat-bed scanner ii.) Handheld scanners Graphics Digitizer A graphic digitizer also known as a graphics tablet. It is a tool used to convert hand-drawn images into a suitable format for computer processing. Images are usually drawn onto a flat surface with a stylus and then appear on a computer monitor or screen. Digitizer tablets can also be used as an input device, receiving information represented in drawings and sending output to a CAD (Computer Aided Design) application and PC-based software like AutoCAD. Mark and character recognition devices Mark and character recognition devices are input devices. They are used to scan information printed on paper. These devices read the information and convert into digital signals. These signals are input to the computer for further processing. The commonly used mark and character recognition devices are: i) MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition): ii) OMR (Optical Marks Recognition) iii) OCR(Optical Character Recognition): iv) Magnetic Strip Card v) Smart Card MICR (Magnetic Ink Character Recognition): MICR is a special scanner. It reads the characters printed with magnetic ink and converts them into digital signals. These signals are input to the computer for further processing. MICR devices are normally used by banks for processing cheque. On a cheque, the bank code, customer account number and cheque number are printed with magnetic ink. The customer cheque is placed to the MICR device. It reads the information printed 32 Input-Output Devices

with magnetic ink on the cheque and sends to the computer for further processing. OMR (Optical Marks Recognition): OMR device is used to read handwritten marks or symbols printed on the paper. It uses a light beam to scan the marks and converts them into digital signals. These signals are then input to the computer for further processing. OMR device is usually used in the educational field to check the objective type answers of the questions. For example, it is used to check and process the test marks of NAT (National Aptitude Test) or GRE(Graduate Record Examination).The pre printed answer sheet is given to the OMR device. It scans the answer sheet and sends the information to the computer. The computer automatically evaluates and calculates the result according to the program instructions. OCR(Optical Character Recognition): OCR devices read pre-printed characters in a particular font and converts them into digital code. The characters printed on paper may be typewritten or handwritten. OCR scans the text optically, character by character, converts them into a machine readable code, and stores the text on the system memory. In case of hand written, the characters must be of standard size. But in case of typewritten, the characters must have the special type font called an OCR font. The accepted OCR fonts are OCR-A (American standard) and OCR-B (European standard). The advance OCR It is widely used in offices and libraries to convert documents and books into electronic files. Such file can be edited by using word processing software. Magnetic Stripe Card Reader A magnetic stripe card has a strip of magnetically encoded information on its back. Usually, the magnetic stripe is used in the personal identity card. Types of magnetic stripe cards include driver’s licenses, credit cards, employee ID cards, gift cards, and public transit cards. This magnetic stripe card is inserted into a card reader for reading the information encoded on the stripe. Smart Computer Science Book-9 33

Smart Card Reader A smart card is a physical card that has an embedded integrated chip that acts as a security token. It looks like a credit card or ATM card. This card contains a thin microprocessor and a Contact-less Card Reader memory chip that is embedded in it. The card is inserted into a card reader. Contact-base Card Reader The card reader reads the information stored on the chip. It can also store and update some basic information. A mobile SIM(Subscriber Identification Module) card, driving licences and ATM (Automated Teller Machine) card are examples of smart card. The memory card is also a kind of smart card. A smart card reader is a device to which the smart card is connected either directly or indirectly using RF (Radio Frequency) communication, So, it can be a contact- base or contact-less card reader. It interfaces with the PC or a microcontroller using the USB (Universal Serial Bus) port or RS232 serial ports. Bar Code Reader Bar Code Reader is a device used for reading bar coded data (data in the form of light and dark lines). Bar coded data is generally used in labelling goods, numbering the books, etc. Bar Code Reader scans a bar code image, converts it into an alphanumeric value, which is then fed to the computer for further processing. Biometric Devices: Biometrics refers to a process in which a person is identified through his or her biological features such as fingerprints, eye cornea, face structure, etc. It is done by using biometric devices, which can be of different types based on their scanning features and abilities. It scans and sends to the connected computer for further processing. Some of the common biometric scanners are : Face Scanner, Hand Scanner, Fingerprint Scanner, Retina or Iris Scanner, etc. 34 Input-Output Devices

OUTPUT DEVICES Output devices are the hardware peripheral devices which are used to bring out the information from the computer. The output devices are usually used for display, projection, or for physical reproduction of information processed by computer. Output devices produce data and information in multiple different forms, some of which include audio, visual, and hard copy media. Monitors and printers are most common output devices used in the computers. The basic working principles of computer output devices are : i) Receive data and information that has been processed by the computer. ii) Translates received data and information from machine coded form to user readable form. iii) Finally, it presents to the user. Basically output devices are classified into two types: a. Soft copy output device b. Hard copy output devices. Soft Copy Output Device The electronic version of the output is known as the soft copy output. They are temporary in nature and vanish after use because it is not produced on a paper or materials. This output cannot be touched or carried for being shown to others. For e.g. output displayed by a monitor, projector or sound produced by speaker is a soft copy output. The common soft copy output devices are: a. Monitor b. Projector c. Speaker Monitor Monitor is the most common soft copy output device which looks like a TV screen. It is used for producing a soft copy output. The monitor always produces the output result (text, graphics, video) in visual form on its screen. So, the monitor is often called a VDU (Visual Display Unit) or visual display terminal. The two basic types of monitor used today are: i) Cathode Ray Tube :– It uses phosphorescent dots to generate the pixels that constitute displayed images. ii) Flat Panel Screen :– It makes use of liquid crystals or plasma to produce output. Light passes through the liquid crystals in order to generate pixels. The is display quality of monitors depends on CRT monitor Flat Panel Screen a video card, which is positioned either on the computer motherboard or in a special expansion slot. The video card sorts out the computer data into image details, then monitors can show us as a display. Most computer monitors range from 16 to 34 inches, measured diagonally from corner to corner. The average user will be happy with 22-24\" screens. Smart Computer Science Book-9 35

Projector A projector is an output device that allows the user to project the output onto a large surface such as a big screen or wall. It can be connected to a computer and similar devices to project their output onto a screen. It uses light and lenses to produce magnified texts, images, and videos. So, it is an ideal output device to give presentations or to teach a large number of people. Common two types of projector are: i) Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) digital projector ii) Digital Light Processing (DLP) digital projector Speaker Speakers are popular soft output devices used by computer systems. They receive audio input from the computer's sound card and produce audio output in the form of sound waves. Speakers usually come in pairs, which allows them to produce stereo sound from two separate audio channels. Nowadays, every computer set has own speakers in-built. Hard Copy Output Device A computer output printed on paper, film, or other permanent tangible medium is known as hard copy output. Hard copy can be read without a computer and take one place to another. The hard copy output is permanent and retain for a long time. The devices which are used to produce such output in printed form are called hardcopy output devices. Popular hard copy output devices are: i) Printer ii) Plotter Printer The printer is a device that prints text documents and images on paper means converts a soft copy to hard copy. It is a peripheral output device. It prints data that is processed by the computer. Printers are broadly classified in two groups: i) impact printers ii) Non-impact printers. Impact Printers Impact printers are used for printing documents as well as graphics. The working of impact printer is very similar to that of the typewriter. Impact printers are those printers where a physical contact is established among print head, ribbon 36 Input-Output Devices

cartridge and media (paper). The results is printing on paper under the ink ribbon. The popular common types of impact printers are : i) Dot matrix printer ii) Daisywheel printer iii) Drum Printer Dot matrix Printer: Dot Matrix Printer is an impact printer. The characters and images printed by it are the patterns of dots. These patterns are produced by striking the ink soaked ribbon against the paper with a print head. The print head contains 9 to 24 pins that produce a pattern of dots on the paper to form the individual characters. It is slow and noisy and low quality print. But more economic, so that it is used in most of the places worldwide. Daisywheel printer Daisywheel printer is an impact printer. It prints one character in fixed shape and size at a time. Head is lying on a wheel and pins corresponding to characters are like petals of Daisy (flower), so it is named Daisy Wheel printer. It is old technology and performance is also poor, so it is not used recent age. It cannot be used to print graphics and is often noisy and slow, the speed is very low around 25-50 characters per second. Due to these drawbacks, these printers have become outdated. Drum Printer Drum printer is a high speed impact line printer which can print 300 to 2000 lines per minute. This printer is like a drum in shape, hence it is called drum printer. It is a line printer that is made of a rotating drum to print characters. It is an old line printer technology that uses formed character images around a cylindrical drum as its printing mechanism. When the desired character for the Smart Computer Science Book-9 37

selected position rotated around to the hammer line, the hammer hit the paper from behind and pushed it into the ribbon and onto the character. These printers are known to be very noisy, expensive, and character font can not be changed. Non-impact printers Non-impact printers print the characters without using the ribbon, there is no physical contact between the print head and paper. Usually they are faster than impact printers. These printers use thermal, chemical, electrostatic, laser beam or inkjet technology for printing. These printers print a complete page at a time, thus they are also called page printers. The common impact printers are: ii) Inkjet Printers v) Laser printers Inkjet Printer The inkjet printers are high quality non-impact printer that prints images and characters by spraying fine drops of ink. Inkjet printers use a continuous stream of ink drops to print characters on paper. The print head has tiny nozzles to spray drops on the paper ink. The quality is good because the characters are formed by dozens of tiny ink drops. An inkjet printer has cartridges that contain ink. Modern inkjet printers are color printers that have four cartridges containing different colors: (CMYK) Cyan, Magenta, Yellow, and Black. It is capable of printing high-quality images with different colors. It can produce print objects with a resolution of at least 300 dpi (dots per inch). Laser Printer A laser printer is a non-impact printer that uses a laser beam technology to print the characters on paper. It prints a page at a time, so it is also called page printer. It is a high quality and high speed printer. These printers are available in both color and black and white. But color laser printer is more expensive. It works similar to photocopy. The laser beam hits the drum, which is a photoreceptor and draws the image on the drum by altering electrical charges on the drum. Then, the drum rolls in toner, and the charged image on the drum picks the toner. The toner is then printed on the paper using heat and pressure. Once the document is printed, the drum loses the electric charge,and the remaining toner is collected. The laser 38 Input-Output Devices

printers use powdered toner for printing instead of liquid ink. Plotter A plotter is a hard copy device much like a printer that is used for printing vector graphics in large surface. Instead of toner, plotters use a pen, pencil, marker, or another writing tool to draw multiple, continuous lines onto paper rather than a series of dots like a traditional printer. Plotters are used for printing architectural blueprints, engineering designs, maps, graphs, charts and other CAD drawings. Most popular plotters are drum plotters and flatbed plotters. QR code Scanner QR (Quick Response) Codes are a quick way to access information. It is a two-dimensional square barcode which can store encoded data. Most of the time the data is a link to a website. Today, QR Codes can be seen on flyers, posters, magazines, and so on. QR Codes let you interact with the world using your smartphone. It needs the scanner application. So, You must download a QR Code scanner application and install in your smart phone. When you scan a QR Code using your smartphone, you get an immediate access to its content, like opening your web browser to a specific URL. Other actions can be triggered, like storing a business card in your smartphone's contact list or connecting to a wireless network. PORT A port is basically physical docking point which is basically used to connect the input/output devices to the computer or we can say that a port act as an interface between the computer and the external devices. Some of the common ports are: Serial Port : Used for external modems. PS/2 port : PS/2 (Personal System/2) port is used to connect keyboard, mice to a PC (Personal Computer) compatible computers. Parallel Port : Used to connect peripherals such as scanner or printers. USB Port : Standard cable connection interface between computer and external device such Smart Computer Science Book-9 39

as, printer, external hard disk, pendrive, mouse or keyboard. VGA Port : VGA (Video Graphics Array ) port is used to connect the monitor. Ethernet Port : RJ-45 (Registered Jack-45 ) jack for internet connection. Line out/in : Used to connect a microphone or speaker. Power connector : Used to supply power to the system unit. Points to Know • All the internal as well as external devices surround the central processing unit (CPU) are called the peripheral devices. • All computer peripheral devices which are used to input data and instructions to the computer are called input devices. Keyboard, mouse, touch pad are examples of input devices. • A pointing device is a hardware input device that allows the user to move the pointer in a computer program or GUI operating system. Mouse, touch pad, light pen, joystick are examples of input device. • A digital camera is an input device that takes both photographs and videos and stores data on a memory card. • The microphone is an input device of the computer that is used to input the sound. • Scanner captures images from photographic prints, posters, magazine pages, and similar sources for computer editing and display. • Graphics Digitizer is a tool used to convert hand-drawn images into a format suitable for computer processing. Images are usually drawn onto a flat surface with a special pen called a stylus. • Mark and character recognitions are used to scan information printed on paper. These devices read the information and convert into digital signals. MICR, OCR and OMR are examples of mark and character recognition. • Output devices are the hardware peripheral devices which are used to bring out the information 40 Input-Output Devices

from the computer. Monitor, printer, plotter are examples of output devices. • The electronic version of the output is known as the soft copy output, monitor, projector and speakers are soft copy output device. • A computer output printed on paper, film, or other permanent tangible medium is known as hard copy output. Printer, plotters are examples of hard copy output. • Impact printers are used for printing documents as well as graphics, Dotmatrix, Daisywheel, Drum printer are example of impact printer. • Non-impact printers print the characters without using the ribbon, there is no physical contact between the print head and paper. Inkjet printers and Laser Printers are examples of non-impact printers. • A plotter is a hard copy device much like a printer that is used for printing vector graphics in large surface. • A port is basically a physical docking point which is basically used to connect the input/output devices to the computer Terms to Know Ethernet : A system for connecting a number of computer systems to form a local area network. Vector graphics : Graphical representations of mathematical objects such as lines, curves, polygons and its like. Laser Beam : A beam of radiation produced from a laser. Toner : A powdery ink used in printer or photocopy machine. Resolution : Number of pixels in an image or text. Nozzles : A narrow pipe, used to control the flow of a fluid. Electrostatic : Relating to stationary electric charges or fields as opposed to electric currents. Stereo sound : Sound produced by a pair of speakers. Bar Code : A machine-readable code in the form of numbers and a pattern of parallel lines of varying widths, printed on a commodity. Audio : Sound waves produced by a speaker that can normally be heard by the human ear. Telecommunicate : Communicate over long distances, via the telephone or e-mail. Spherical ball : A ball shaped like a sphere. Bluetooth : A wireless technology standard used for exchanging data between fixed and mobile devices over short distances. Smart Computer Science Book-9 41

Worksheet Objective Questions 1. Fill in the blanks: a. Peripheral devices are responsible for .............................. b. The interaction is difficult because of the ............................ barrier. c. The common layout of the keyboard is ................................ d. Smart phones and Tablets use .................................. keyboard. e. Mouse controls the position of ............................ on the screen. f. Touchpad comes with .................................... computer. g. Trackball is used instead of ............................ h. Digital camera stores the captured image and video on .................................. i. Microphone is used to input the ........................................... j. ............................. are normally used by banks for processing cheque. k. Smart Card Reader reads information stored on the .................................. l. Speakers receive audio input form the ............................. ............................... and produce the audio output in the form of ........................... ......................... m. Dot matrix printer prints the information in the patterns of .......................... n. Plotter is used to print the .................................. in large surface. o. Ports act as an .............................. between a computer and external devices. p. The CPU uses the ....................................... language. q. Impact printers established ....................... ................................ among print head, ribbon and print media. r. ..................... printer uses formed charter images around a cylindrical drum as its printing mechanism. s. Smart card reader reads information stored on the ........................ 42 Input-Output Devices

2. Write 'T' for true and 'F' for false statements: a. User interacts with CPU through the input device. b. Keyboard is a primary input device. c. Mouse can be used to enter text. d. Touchpad works as a keyboard. e. Trackball is an input device. f. The joystick can be moved in all four directions. g. Joystick provides a better control for playing games. h. Touch screen is a pointing device. h. Light pen directly draws on CRT monitor as well as flat panel screen. i. Webcam stores the captured images and videos in own memory card. k. OCR scans both type written and hand matters. l. The memory card is also called smart card. m. Projector is used to give the presentation or teach a large number of people. n. Plotter uses toner to print. o. Laser printer is a line printer. p. Laser printer prints only color print. q. Inkjet printers use ink drop to print. r. Modern Inkjet printers are color printers. s. Non impact printers print the character using ribbons. t. A magnetic stripe card has a strip of magnetically encoded information. u. OCR can scan both typewritten and handwritten. Smart Computer Science Book-9 43

3. Write the full forms of : a. CAD ........................................ b. RJ-45 .............................................. c. PS/2 ....................................... d. VGA ................................................. e. USB ........................................ f. PC ..................................................... g. dpi .......................................... h. CMYK .............................................. i. LCD .........................,.............. j. DLP ................................................... k. RF .......................................... l. ATM ................................................... m. SIM ....................................... n. OCR ............................................... o. GRE .......................................... p. NAT ................................................... q. OMR .......................................... r. MICR ................................................ s. CRT .......................................... t. CPU .................................................. u. GPS .......................................... v. I/O ................................................... w. GUI .......................................... x. VDU................................................... y. QR Code ................................... 4. Circle for the correct option: a. Input devices are connected to a computer system with the: i) USB ii) PS/2 iii) Bluetooth iv) All of these b. The microphone is used to: ii) Telecommunicate i) Record audio iv) all of these iii) Both i) & ii) c. Scanner captures images from: iv) All of these i) Posters ii) Magazine iii) Photo graphics prints d. Graphics digitizer is also known as: iv) All of these i) Digitizer ii) Graphics Tablet iii) Both i) & ii) e. OMR is usually used in: i) Bank ii) Education field iii) Hospital iv) All of these 44 Input-Output Devices

f. MICR reads the: ii) Handwritten mark i) Magnetic Ink Character iv) Images iii) Printed character g. Monitor is: ii) Visual display terminal i) Visual Display Unit iv) All of these iii) Soft copy output device h. Soft copy output device: iii) Speaker iv) All of these i) Monitor ii) Projector i. Hard copy output device: iii i) & ii) iv) None of these i) Printer ii) Plotter j. Plotters are used for printing: i) Maps ii) Graph iii Charts iv) All of these k. Output devices produce data and information in the form of: i) Audio ii) Visual iii Hardcopy iv) All of these l. Biometric devices can be: ii) Hand Scanner i) Face Scanner iv) All of these iii Finger print scanner m. Smart card can be : ii) Contact-base i) Contact-less iv) Non of these iii Both i) & ii) n. Drum printer is a : ii) Line printer i) Character printer iv) Word printer iii Page printer o. Which is not output device : i) Keyboard ii) MICR iii Plotter iv) Barcode reader p. Which is not input device: i) Keyboard ii) MICR iii Plotter iv) Barcode reader q. Impact printers are: i) Dot matrix ii) Inkjet iii Daisywheel iv) All of these. Smart Computer Science Book-9 45

5. Match the following: a. Toner Drum printer b. Projector Smart card c. Labelling goods Ideal output device d. SIM card MICR e. Verify the objective types of answers Barcode f. Cheque verification On screen g. Digitizer Printer h. Smart phone Impact printer i. Line printer OMR j. Noisy Printer Stylus 6. Write the terms for the following: used to connect the input/ output devices. a. Printer prints images and characters by spraying fine drops Ans:......................................... of ink. f. Device which produces the Ans:......................................... output on tangible material. b. Output which is permanent and retain for a long time. Ans:......................................... Ans:......................................... g. Device which uses light and lenses to produce magnified c. The part of the CPU which controls texts, images, and videos. and coordinates all the parts of computer. Ans:......................................... Ans:......................................... h. Devices which are used to d. The output which is temporary in display, projection, or for nature and vanish after use. physical reproduction of information. Ans:......................................... e. Docking point which is basically Ans:......................................... i. Device which is used to draw 46 Input-Output Devices

or write something onto a flat surface k. The device which is used to that shown on the computer the read the information printed screen. with magnetic ink. Ans:......................................... Ans:......................................... j. The device which is used to write l. Devices, used to move and directly on the CRT monitor. control the pointer in around Ans:......................................... the screen. Descriptive Questions Ans:......................................... 1. Answer the following questions in depth: a. What do you mean by input-output devices? b. What is input device? c. What do you mean by pointing device? Write the function of pointing device. d. What is the working principle of a mouse? e. Write the working principle of the trackball. f. What is a touch screen? g. What is light pen? h. How does Microphone work? i. How does light pen work? j. Write the working methods of the scanner. k. What is the mark and character recognition device? l. Differentiate between Smart card and Magnetic stripe card. m. What do you mean by output devices? n. Differentiate between soft copy and hard copy output. o. Differentiate between impact and non-impact printer. p. What is plotter? Write the application fields of plotter. Logic based Questions 1. Answer the following questions logically: a. Why do I/O devices act as interface between user and computer? b. Why is laptop keyboard is more compact than the desktop computer? c. Why is a mouse called pointing device. Give your strong logic. d. Why does trackball take less space than a mouse? Smart Computer Science Book-9 47

e. How is digital camera input device? Mention your logic. f. Why do you use graphics digitizer? g. Why is printer and plotter called hard copy output devices? h. Why do you use QR Code? Application case study based questions 3 4 1. In the basis of given picture, answer the given questions: a. Which place is shown in the picture? b. What are the man and women doing in the picture? c. Which type of card is used by the man? a. Which type of card reader is being used by the lady? Why is she using such type of card reader? 1 2. Let's see the following picture where collection of four types printed media which are printed by different type of printers: a. Which type of printers would have been used to print these pages? Mention your view. 2 3. Ram Dayal Marik is a graphics designer. a. He has to capture this image of the lady digitally and store in his computer for advertisement purpose. How would he get this image in his computer? b. If you have to capture some text from this magazine and edit in your computer. Would you use the same technique that is used by Ram Dayal to capture the image? 48 Input-Output Devices

4. In the basis of given images, answer the asked questions. a. How do Banks process the cheque digitally? b. Could both these cheques be processed with digital technology? Give your strong reason. 5. In the basis of given image, answer the asked questions. a. What is the name of this device? b. Where is it shown being used this device in the picture? c. What is the purpose of using this device? 6. Sukadev Thakur saw printing the bill slip on the supermarket. The printer was producing the noise and print quality is low. Which type of printer is seen by Su- kadev? 7. Sivani Limbu wants to video conferencing with her friend who lives in aborad. Which devices will she need for this case? 8. Jigme had celebrated his 15th birthday in his own home with his relatives and friends. He took some photograph and videos of this function, and edit them in the computer. In the basis of this case, answer the following questions: a. Which device would have been used by Jigme to take those photographs and video? b. How had Jigme kept those photographs and videos in the computer? 9. Pitambar Mahato is the principal of Star School. He is interested to replace the traditional attendance system with the digital technology. For this case, which device should be convenient for him? 10. Pulkit Goenka is a business man, he is willing to set the digital billing system by reading the digital label of the product. For this case, which device would be used by Pulkit to solve this problem? Smart Computer Science Book-9 49

Activities 1. Organize an inter class speech competition on the topic \"Mark, character and code recognition devices is changing our lifestyle.\" Impact & Nonimpact Printer 2. Organize the chart paper presentation about \"Impact printers and non-impact printers.\" 3. Write an article for your school's news bulletin in School Bulletin the topic \"Hard Copy Output Device.\" 4. Organize the debate competition in the topic of \"Role of input Devices is more important than Output devices.\" 50 Input-Output Devices