Tìm hiểu các ngày lễ tết trong năm

["T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 ra m\u1eaft ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi. Theo s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi th\u1ea3o b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n \u0103n c\u1ee7a c\u0103n g\u00e1c nh\u1ecf, H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7. T\u1eeb s\u00e1ng s\u1edbm ng\u00e0y Hai th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn n\u0103m 1945, h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1, \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho m\u1ecdi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, h\u00e2n hoan ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 Ba \u0110\u00ecnh ch\u1edd \u0111\u00f3n gi\u1edd khai sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi - n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. C\u00f9ng gi\u1edd n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt t\u1ec9nh l\u1edbn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c. Mu\u00f4n tri\u1ec7u tr\u00e1i tim h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ee2i ch\u1edd. Thay m\u1eb7t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi - t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 \u1ee7y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng - H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ecdc vang b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cM\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 gan g\u00f3c ch\u1ed1ng \u00e1ch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p h\u01a1n 80 n\u0103m nay, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 gan g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 phe \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt m\u1ea5y n\u0103m nay, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ef1 do! D\u1ec1m t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp!\u201d Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ecbnh tr\u1ecdng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 do, \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. To\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam quy\u1ebft \u0111em t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1ea5y\u201d. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \u0111\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Ncun D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 51","C\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Hai th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn tr\u1edf 4 th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do. 2. \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh - Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7 2\/9\/1945 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi, th\u1eddi k\u00ec t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - B\u1ec3m Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c tr\u00ean to\u1ec1m th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. - Khai sinh n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Hai th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c son h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong su\u1ed1t ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. V\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1edbn lao \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Hai th\u1ec3ing Ch\u00edn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 52 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","NG\u00c0Y QU\u1ed0C KH\u00c1NH C\u1ee6A M\u1ed8T s \u1ed1 QU\u1ed1C GIA TR\u00caN TH\u1ebe GI\u1edaI Ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u0103n h\u00f3a, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb... \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y c\u00f9ng \u0111i\u1ec3m qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u00e0y qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. - N\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129 l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y, ng\u00e0y \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp, ng\u00e0y c\u00e1c thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a Anh \u1edf l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba B\u1eafc M\u0129 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp kh\u1ecfi V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Anh b\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (1776) c\u1ee7a Thomas Jefferson v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Hi\u1ec7p ch\u1ee7ng qu\u1ed1c Hoa K\u1ef3 (t\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129) l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh. Ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5u h\u00e0nh, li\u00ean hoan ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi, v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u bu\u1ed5i l\u1ec5 c\u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng. T\u1eebn\u0103m 1777, ph\u00e1o hoa \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3n m\u1eebng ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y. - Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 14\/07\/1789, l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang Paris n\u1ed5i l\u00ean \u0111\u1eadp ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 t\u00f9 Bastille, kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ea7u cho cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ph\u00e1p, s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong ki\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u vua Louis XVI, khai sinh ra n\u1ec1n C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. T\u1eebn\u0103m 1790, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh. - Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh Li\u00ean bang X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 7\/11\/1917, ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga X\u00f4 Vi\u1ebft do Vladimir llyich Lenin v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea3ng Bolshevik l\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1o. - Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 15\/8\/1947, ng\u00e0y th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh trao tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp cho \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. - Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 01\/10\/1949. \u0110\u00e1y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ea3nh t\u1ee5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung Hoa tr\u00ean Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n trong N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c. - Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1nh Singapore v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 9\/8\/1965, ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp sau khi t\u00e1ch kh\u1ecfi li\u00ean bang M\u00e3 Lai. 53T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG n \u0103 m *","N H \u1eee N G N G \u00c0 Y L\u1ec4 D \u00c0 N H C H O C \u00c1 C \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u01a0NG C\u1ee4 TH\u1ec2 C\u1ee6A VI\u1ec6T NAM NG\u00c0Y Truy\u1ec1n th \u1ed1 n g H\u1eccC SINH - SINH VI\u00caN (Ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) l l \u1ecd c sinh - sinh vi\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn trong I I x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, d\u00f9 trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn hay trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh, h\u1ecdc sinh - sinh vi\u00ean c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u cho s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t, ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean. 1. Lich s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean vi\u1ec7t Nam Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean trong phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc sinh sinh vi\u00ean. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 1925 - 1945, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u0111\u1eddi, nh\u01b0: t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u1ecdc sinh \u0110o\u00e0n, \u0110\u1ed9i Ng\u00f4 Quy\u1ec1n, T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean, \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 k\u00ednh y\u00eau. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u1ebfn 1949, H\u1ed9i H\u1ecdc sinh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0110o\u00e0n Sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Hu\u1ebf, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, sau \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ra c\u1ea3 ba mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, Trung, Na\u01b0n. 5 4 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Ng\u00e0y 9\/1\/1950, \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0110ocUi H\u1ecdc sinh S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn \u0111\u00e2 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cho h\u01a1n 2.000 h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u00e0 7.000 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh cho h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do cho nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 m\u1edf l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc. \u0110o\u00e0n bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p d\u00e3 man. Sinh vi\u00ean Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n \u01a1n (14 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1931 - 9 th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1950) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng P\u00e9trus K\u00fd \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang b\u1eafn ch\u1ebft trong phong tr\u00e0o bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean S\u00e0l G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1950. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a anh \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn, c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng r\u1ed9ng kh\u1eafp trong phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n ch\u00fang S\u00e0i G\u00f2n sau \u0111\u00f3. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u ng\u00e0y 9\/1\/1950 v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u hi sinh oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n \u01a1n l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean trong h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn l\u00f2ng c\u0103m th\u00f9 gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0 \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 b\u00e8 l\u0169 tay sal. V\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00f3, noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ghi nh\u1eadn tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a anh Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n \u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c Li\u00ean \u0111o\u00e8m Thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t th\u00e1ng 2\/1950 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u1ec0\u01b0n ng\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc sinh - sinh vi\u00ean. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea1l bi\u1ec3u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c H\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Ncun l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 V (22-23\/11\/1993) t\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng Ch\u00edn th\u00e1ng M\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc sinh - sinh vi\u00ean - Ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng h\u1ecdc sinh sinh vi\u00ean ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m ghi nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 hi sinh, nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn lao v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i, d\u00f9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea5u tramh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. - \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n cho h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 55","thi \u0111ua ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n, c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. - H\u1ecdc sinh - sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o r\u1eb1ng \u01b0ong b\u1ea5t k\u00ec ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o, h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n k\u1ebf t\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ebb vang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. 3. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 \u0110o\u00e0n Thanh ni\u00ean t\u1eeb trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi c\u1ea5p c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec5 m\u00edt tinh ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng. - Trong l\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 trao b\u1eb1ng khen v\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. - C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao v\u00e0 giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i v\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, giao l\u01b0u, th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nhau. 56 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Tr uy\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddi SI NH VI\u00caN V\u1ed0N TI\u1ebeNG PH\u00c1P C\u1ee6A JOHN John tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i du l\u1ecbch \u1edf Ph\u00e1p. V\u00ec l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi n\u00ean \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u00f9ng l\u1edbp h\u1ecfi th\u0103m John l\u00e0: - \u1edf b\u00ean \u1ea5y, c\u1eadu c\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u00fang t\u00fang v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng? - \u1ed2 t\u1edb th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec l\u00fang t\u00fang l\u1eafm! PH\u00c1T MINH Trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, sinh vi\u00ean n\u1ecd c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc m\u00ecnh v\u1eeba t\u00ecm ra v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c \u0111\u0103ng k\u00ed b\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1t minh c\u00f3 t\u00ean \u201cdihydrogen monoxide\u201d. N\u00f3 g\u00e2y ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i. - G\u00e2y v\u00e3 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u. - L\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u01b0a axit. - Duy tr\u00ec s\u1ef1 ch\u00e1y khi chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1ec3 kh\u00ed. - Ch\u1eb3ng may h\u00edt ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ng\u1ea1t ch\u1ebft. - M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 x\u00f3i m\u00f2n. - L\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a phanh \u00f4 t\u00f4. - T\u00ecm th\u1ea5y trong kh\u1ed1i u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ung th\u01b0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i... Anh ta g\u1eedi nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y l\u00ean T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c S\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea5m s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 43 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn, s\u00e1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1, ch\u1ec9 duy nh\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft t\u00ean c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3: N\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG N\u0102M * 57","NG\u00c0Y Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t nam (Ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng Hai, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u1ef5' b\u00e1c s\u0129, th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \/\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m lo s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u0169ng v\u00ec v\u1eady, trong 365 ng\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta d\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ra \u0111\u1eddi B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 lu\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao vai tr\u00f2, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Y t\u1ebf trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u0103m s\u00f3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Trong \u0111\u00f3, B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 cao Y \u0111\u1ee9c - ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c y t\u1ebf, nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u1ea5y l\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cao, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5, h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau ch\u0103m s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y: \u201cL\u01b0\u01a1ng y ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb m\u1eabu\u201d, ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt th\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft, kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, to\u00e0n t\u00e2m to\u00e0n \u00fd x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n Y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 27\/2\/1955, nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb. B\u1ee9c th\u01b0 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng n\u1ed9i dung s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, khoa h\u1ecdc, mcmg t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n v\u00f4 gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Yt\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Do \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc c\u1ee7a b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y 6\/02\/1985, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng (nay l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7) \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 39\/H\u0110BT l\u1ea5y 58 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG N\u0102M","ng\u00e0y 27\/2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0m \u201cNg\u00e0y Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng k\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 27\/2 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh Y t\u1ebf. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00f4n vinh c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf t\u1ea1l Vi\u1ec7t Naun; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi n\u00eau cao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00e0l tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y Th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c vi\u1ec7t Nam - Nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ban ng\u00e0nh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m v\u00e0 ch\u00fac m\u1eebng c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129. - T\u1ea1i c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00f4n vinh c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao, trao hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng khen cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1eca, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. 4. N\u1ed9i dung th\u01b0 g\u1eedi h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch TH\u01af G\u1eecI H\u1ed8I NGH\u1eca C\u00c1N B\u1ed8 Y T\u1ebe B\u00e1c th\u1ea9n \u00e1i ch\u00fac c\u00e1c c\u00f4 (nghe n\u00f3i c\u00f3 n \u1eef b\u00e1c s \u0129 \u1edf Nam v\u1ec1?), c\u00e1c ch\u00fa vui v\u1ebb, m \u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe, h\u0103ng h\u00e1i trao \u0111\u1ed5i kinh nghi\u1ec7m, b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. B\u00e1c g\u00f3p v\u00e0i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn sau \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c c\u00f4, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn: - Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \/\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt th\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft l\u00e0 s\u1ee9 c m \u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft th\u00ec v\u01b0\u1ee3t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m \u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u00edch. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00e1c s\u0129, d\u01b0\u1ee3c s \u0129 cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f4ng T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 59","vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb tuy c\u00f3 kh\u00e1c nhau, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft trong ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf, trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. - Th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f3 th\u00e1c t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd n\u01a1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ph\u00f3 th\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u1eef s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 r\u1ea5t v\u1ebb vang. V\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau, s\u0103n s\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh nh\u01b0 anh em ru\u1ed9t th \u1ecbt c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, coi h\u1ecd \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u00ecnh \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. \u201cL\u01b0\u01a1ng y ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb m\u1eabu\\\", c\u00e2u n\u00f3i \u1ea5y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang. - X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ta. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc ta b\u1ecb n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, th\u00ec y h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb k\u00ecm h\u00e3m. Nay ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u1ea7n gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, gi\u00fap ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n y t\u1ebf th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u1eb1n ta. Y h\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc: khoa h\u1ecdc, d\u1eb1n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. \u00f4ng cha ta ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m qu\u00fd b\u00e1u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c ta, thu\u1ed1c B\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ph\u1ea1m vi y h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c c\u00f4, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa c\u0169ng n\u00ean ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p thu\u1ed1c \u201c\u0110\u00f4ng\\\" v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c \u201cT\u00e2y\\\". Mong c\u00e1c c\u00f4, c\u00e1c ch\u00fa c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng thi \u0111ua l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Ch\u00e0o th\u00e2n \u00e1i v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Th\u00e1ng Hai n\u0103m 1955. H\u1ed2 CH\u00cd MINH. 60 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Truy\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddi NGH\u1ec0 Y PH\u1ee4 N\u1eee M\u00c0! Sau khi kh\u00e1m cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f3i: - B\u00e0 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 khuy\u00ean b\u00e0 n\u00ean ra nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trong l\u00e0nh h\u01a1n, c\u00f2n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng, b\u00e0 n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u1ea5m h\u01a1n ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u1eebng \u0103n m\u1eb7c h\u1edf h\u1ebft c\u1ea3 c\u1ed5 ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Khi b\u00e0 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng h\u1ecfi: - B\u00e1c s\u0129 b\u1ea3o sao h\u1ea3 em? - \u00c0, b\u00e1c s\u0129 khuy\u00ean em m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00ean \u0111i ngh\u1ec9 v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n, c\u00f2n m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng th\u00ec n\u00ean m\u1eb7c \u00e1o l\u00f4ng c\u00e1o. 61T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","N g\u00e0y s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) 7\u00cd>m \u1ed9 t c\u1eadu b\u00e9 m \u1ed3 c\u00f4i, th\u1ea5t h\u1ecdc, A leksey Maksi- m ovich P eshkov \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u01a1n l\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh M. Gorki - nh\u00e0 v\u0103n b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nga, v\u1edbi v\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eeba r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn v\u1eeba s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. N h\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5u? N h\u1edd m \u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng phi th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m \u1ed9t th\u1ee9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n phi th\u01b0\u1eddng: s\u00e1ch. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng gh\u00ea g\u1edbm c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m \u00ecn h trong m \u1ed9 t l\u1eddi p h \u00e1 t bi\u1ec3u gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb: \u201cS\u00e1ch m \u1edf ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m \u1eaf t t\u00f4i n h \u1eef n g ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi m \u1edb i\u201d. 1. L\u1ecbch s \u1eed c\u1ee7 a ng\u00e0y s\u00e1 ch vi\u00eat Nam Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trau d\u1ed3i nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 kho t\u00e0ng tri th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft qua d\u00f2ng th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng, gi\u1ea3i tr\u00ed, gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb ng\u00e0y nay d\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3m \u0111i th\u00f3i quen c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng v\u00e3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecdc, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 21\/4 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng K\u00e1ch M\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh - t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in b\u1edfi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 in Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 B\u1ea3n quy\u1ec1n Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi 23-4, vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u1eeba th\u00eam \u00fd ngh\u0129a s\u00e2u s\u1eafc, v\u1eeba cho th\u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta ng\u00e0y c\u1ec1mg h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 62 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT t r o n g n \u0103 m","2. \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng n\u0103m nh\u1eb1m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, n\u1ec3\u01b0ig cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c n\u00e2ng cao ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u0129 n\u0103ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u01b0 duy, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00ean c\u1ea1mh \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2, v\u1ecb tr\u00ed, t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i; t\u00f4n vinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, in, ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, l\u01b0u gi\u1eef, qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 s\u00e1ch; c\u0169ng nh\u01b0, n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Ncun. 3. C\u00e1c hoat \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u00eam ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7t Nam Theo \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y S\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e0nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ni\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong ph\u00fa, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ed9i s\u00e1ch, tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y, tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau s\u00e1ch. 63T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT t r o n g n \u0103 m *","DANH NG\u00d4N V\u1ec0 S \u00c1 C H Cu\u1ed9c \u0111cri ta tkay \u0111\u1ed5i tkeo kai c\u00e1ck: Qua nk\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u00f2d ta g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 qua nk\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ck ta \u0111\u1ecdc. - Harvey MacKay - \u0110\u1ecdc s\u00e1ck kay c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nk\u01b0 tr\u00f2 ckuy\u1ec7n v\u00f3d c\u00e1c k\u1ed9 \u00f3c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nk\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nk\u1eefng tk\u1ebf k\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua. - Rene Descartes - T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nk\u1eefng g\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u00f2i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m, ngk\u0129 ko\u1eb7c tr\u1edf tk\u00e0nk: \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ck k\u00ec di\u1ec7u tr\u00ean nk\u1eefng trang s\u00e1ck. - Thomas Car\u00ecy\u1ec9e - 64 * tIm HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","NG\u00c0YTRUY\u1ec0N th\u1ed1 ng NG\u01af\u1edcI CAO TU\u1ed4I VI\u1ec6T NAM (Ng\u00e0y m\u00f9ng S\u00e1u \u1ee9i\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) rYong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c g\u00ecn gi\u1eef truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y b\u1ea3o con ch\u00e1u. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng sinh th\u00e0nh, nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn k \u1ec9 c\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e9p n\u01b0\u1edbc, rn\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2m nguy, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf ch\u1ed1ng x\u00e2m l\u0103ng. Trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 gu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1eb1ng kinh nghi\u1ec7m th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n v\u00e0 v\u1ed1n ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean th\u00e2m. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7t Nam Ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 vai tr\u00f2, tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5: \u201cTr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ee5 ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eadt l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0ng th\u1ecbnh do ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o g\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i do ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o c\u1ee9u, n\u01b0\u1edbc suy s\u1ee5p ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o ph\u00f9 tr\u00ec\u201d. Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i; ch\u00ednh 65T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ngu\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i; theo lu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ee7 60 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i. Lu\u1eadt c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 quan, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i; qu\u1ef9 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i; \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi quy \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vl b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i. Nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t huy truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng v\u1ebb vang c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1edbp ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y 26-5-2006, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 772-Q\u0110\/TTg, l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng S\u00e1u th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u 6 c\u1ee7a Lu\u1eadt Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cNg\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng S\u00e1u th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i - Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Ncun th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u201ck\u00ednh l\u1ea3o \u1eef\u1ecdng th\u1ecd\u201d, n\u00e2ng cao \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u201cu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n\u201d v\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n \u0111\u00e1p ngh\u0129a\u201d trong to\u00e0n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y con ch\u00e1u v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng v\u1edbi \u00f4ng b\u00e0, cha m\u1eb9, th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m gia \u0111\u00ecnh. - Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ed3n vinh. 3. Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i m\u1ed3ng M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft IDOP (International Day of Older Persons) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y do Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t ra nh\u1eb1m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i trong m\u1ecdi n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng M\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e0ng n\u0103m. Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh l\u00e3o h\u00f3a v\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1m d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m 66 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i. N\u0103m 1991, Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea1o l\u00ed v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i g\u1ed3m 18 \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1ed9c 5 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1: Quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp: quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tham gia; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u0103m s\u00f3c; quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ri\u00eang v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea9m. Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i c\u0169ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c gia \u00d4ng b\u00e0 (National Grandparents Day) \u1edf Hoa K\u00ec v\u00e0 Canada, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y T\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao tu\u1ed5i (Respect for the Aged Day) \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. T\u1ee4C NG\u1eee, TH\u00c0NH NG\u1eee V\u1ec0 S \u1ef1 L\u1ec4 \u0110\u1ed8, K \u00cd N H T R \u1ecc N G NG\u01af\u1edcI GI\u00c0 C\u00e2y cao, t\u00f3ng c\u1ea3. Y\u00eau tr\u1ebb, tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ebfn nk\u00e0; k\u00ednk gi\u00e0, gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 tu\u1ed5i cko. Tr\u1ebb c\u1eady cka, gi\u00e0 c\u1eady con. *** K\u00ednk l\u00e3o \u0111\u1eafc tk\u1ecd. K\u00ednk gi\u00e0 y\u00eau tr\u1ebb. T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 67","N g\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Ng\u00e0y 21 \u1ee9i\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) A th\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em tr\u00ed VI tu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00f4i khi h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i hi sinh, m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o hay s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00f3ng h\u1ed5i, ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh h\u1ecd, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed C\u00e1ch mang v i\u00eat Nam Trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60 th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 19 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1l S\u00e0l G\u00f2n, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 20, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Ncun \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n tuy nhi\u00ean th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n cho nh\u1eefng khuynh h\u01b0\u1edbng chmh tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c nhau. \u0110\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 21\/6\/1925, t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2u (Trung Qu\u1ed1c), b\u00e1o \u201cThanh ni\u00ean\u201d do \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1I Qu\u1ed1c s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp, ra m\u1eaft s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean th\u00ec d\u00f2ng b\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. T\u1eeb khi c\u00f3 b\u00e1o \u201cThanh ni\u00ean\u201d, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n \u00fd ch\u00ed, kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u1ea7n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. B\u00e1o \u201cThanh ni\u00ean\u201d ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Ncun nh\u01b0 L\u00ea H\u1ed3ng S\u01a1n, H\u1ed3 T\u00f9ng M\u1eadu, L\u00ea Duy \u0110i\u1ec1m, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n 68 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","L\u0129nh... c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c ch\u00ednh tay Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o. Ng\u00e0y 2\/6\/1950, H\u1ed9i Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c th\u1ec4\u01b0ih l\u1eadp, nay l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 7\/1950, T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c B\u00e1o ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (OIJ) h\u1ecdp \u1edf Ph\u1ea7n Lan \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn H\u1ed9i Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Th\u00e1ng 2\/1985, theo \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 52 ng\u00e0y 5\/2\/1985 l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 21\/6\/1925 - ng\u00e0y ra s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o \u201cThanh ni\u00ean\u201d l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. Ng\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng vi\u1ec7t Nam mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a g\u00ec? - Ng\u00e0y b\u00e1o ch\u00ed ra \u0111\u1eddi nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, th\u1eaft ch\u1eb7t m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa b\u00e1o ch\u00ed v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean,... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n vinh v\u00ec nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m ng\u00e0y B\u00e1o ch\u00ed C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1\u01b0ig Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - C\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u0169ng nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 trao b\u1eb1ng khen, v\u00e0 hu\u00e2n huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 thcUih t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 69T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","TRUY\u1ec6N C\u01af\u1edcI NH\u00c0 B\u00c1O C\u00d3 L\u1ee2I H\u01a0N Nh\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ph\u00fa n\u1ecd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t con ch\u00f3 qu\u00fd, \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e1o t\u00ecm v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1edfng 10.000 USD. Ch\u1edd m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y b\u00e1o ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh, \u00f4ng b\u00e8n t\u1edbi t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t em b\u00e9. \u00f4ng n\u00edu l\u1ea1i h\u1ecfi: - \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 ai c\u1ea3 sao? - D\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng, nghe n\u00f3i t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u00e2n vi\u00ean t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n \u0111ang b\u1eadn \u0111i t\u00ecm con ch\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ecb l\u1ea1c. TH\u1ee2 S\u1eecA \u1ed0NG N\u01af\u1edaC V\u00c0 NH\u00c0 B\u00c1O M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o uy t\u00edn g\u1ee3i th\u1ee3 \u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1eeda \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng trong nh\u00e0 t\u1eafm. M\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00fat sau, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ed1ng h\u1ebft r\u1ec9 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00f2i SO.OOO\u0111 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng. Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn: \u201cT\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 50.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng trong m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00fat bao gi\u1edd\u201d. \u201cT\u00f4i c\u0169ng v\u1eady, h\u1ed3i t\u00f4i c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o\u201d. 70 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Ng\u00e0y Gia \u0111 \u00ecn h Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng S\u00e1u, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u00ed\u00edN h i\u1ec1 u gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ed9ng l\u1ea1i m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u1ed1t th\u00ec x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t th\u00ec gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. H\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \/\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh\u201d (H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh). Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 n\u01a1i duy tr\u00ec n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng guan tr\u1ecdng h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh, nu\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p, t\u1ea1o ngu\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 gu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed7i gu\u1ed1c gia, m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c mu\u1ed1n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0y 28\/6\/2000, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u1ec1mh Ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb s\u1ed1 55- CT\/TW v\u1ec1 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u1ee7y \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em. Ng\u00e0y 4\/5\/2001, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 ban h\u00e0nh Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 72\/2001\/Q\u0110-TT quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 28\/6 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam, nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ec1 cao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean quan t\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh no \u1ea5m, b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u1ebb em g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. 71T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","2. \u00fd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Gia \u0111inh Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Ng\u00e0y Gia \u0111\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u1eb1m t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t. Ai c\u0169ng hi\u1ec3u vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ea1mh ph\u00fac th\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n v\u00e0 l\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n t\u1ef1 \u00fd th\u1ee9c gi\u1eef g\u00ecn v\u00e0 x\u00e1y \u0111\u1eafp. - \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh giao l\u01b0u trao \u0111\u1ed5i kinh nghi\u1ec7m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng c\u1ee7a gia dinh trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p h\u00f3a, hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u00f3a v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c gla \u0111\u00ecnh ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u... nh\u1eb1m t\u00f4n vinh, ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - Nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ecda \u0111cun v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n, chia s\u1ebb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean gia, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, ph\u00e1t huy gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac gia \u0111\u00ecnh. - Trong ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng t\u1ee5 h\u1ecdp \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00f9ng nhau \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, \u0111i ch\u01a1i,... \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0m c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhau h\u01a1n. 72 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","V v v V vvv v y v v y V v y y y y DANH NG\u00d4N V\u1ec0 G I A \u0110 \u1ec8 N H y y y y yGia \u0111\u00ecnk l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i t\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb m\u1ea1nk m\u1ebd; m\u1ea1nk y yk\u01a1n l\u00f2i c\u1ee7a nk\u1eefng pk\u00e1p s\u01b0 kay ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e1p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c knk y k\u1ed3n; \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7u k\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nk nk\u1ea5t. \u00fd \u00fd - Charles Dickens - y y ycko d\u00f9 t\u00f4i trao \u0111\u1ed5i nki\u1ec1u v\u00f3d nk\u1eefng nk\u00e0 tk\u00f4ng tk\u00e1i y yv\u00e0 c\u00e1c ank k\u00f9ng, t\u00f4i kk\u00f4ng d\u00e0nk cko k\u1ecd nki\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 y\u00eau tk\u01b0\u01a1ng kay tk\u00e1n pk\u1ee5c. T\u00f4i kkao kk\u00e1t c\u1ea3nk n\u00f4ng tk\u00f4n y yv\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnk, vc\u00e3 ti\u1ebfng ckim l\u00edu lo v\u00e0 nk\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng ki k\u00f4 y yc\u1ee7a con c\u00e1i t\u00f4i. y -\u1ecaohn Adanis - \u00fd \u00fd \u00fd y yB\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tk\u1ec3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng k\u00f2a k\u00ecnk tk\u1ebf gi\u1edbi? H\u00e3y y v\u1ec1 nk\u00e0 v\u00e0 y\u00eau tk\u01b0omg gia \u0111\u00ecnk c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnk. y - M\u1eb9 Teresa - y y V\u00f3\u00e3 ck\u00fang ta, gia \u0111\u00ecnk ngk\u0129a l\u00e0 v\u00f2ng tay \u00f4m l\u1ea5y nkau v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n \u1edf k\u00ean nkau. - Barhara Bush - y y y yy y ^ 73T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","N g \u00e0 y Th \u01b0 \u01a1 n g b in h - Li\u1ec7t s\u0129 VI\u1ec6T NAM (Ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) Chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111i qua \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111au m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t cho nh\u1eb1n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn s \u0129 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u n\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u1eadn. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 tu\u1ed5i thanh xu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 h\u00f4m nay. H\u00e0ng n\u0103m, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s \u0129 \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh v\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng khi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i k\u1ebb th\u00f9 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u00f3 \/\u00e0 ng\u1ea7y 27 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y, ng\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh - Li\u1ec7t s\u0129. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh - Li\u00eat s\u0129 \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e1p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn, hi sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1ebb V cm g c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ng\u00e0y 16\/2\/1947, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 k\u00ed s\u1eaf c l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 20\/SL \u0111\u1eb7t \u201cch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u01b0u b\u1ed5ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eadt v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n tu\u1ea5t t\u1eed s\u0129\u201d: t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn nay ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1947, B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong n\u0103m l\u00e0m \u201cNg\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ta c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng hi\u1ebfu ngh\u0129a, y\u00eau m\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. Tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m trong n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1l t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, h\u1ed9i 74 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT t r o n g n \u0103 m","ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Ph\u00fa Minh, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ea1i T\u1eeb, t\u1ec9nh Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean g\u1ed3m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u1edf Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, khu v\u00e0 t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e2 nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 \u201cNg\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ngay l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u trong n\u0103m 1947. B\u00e1o V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 11, ra ng\u00e0y 27 th\u00e1ng B\u1ea3y n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u0103ng th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh g\u1eedi Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Ban t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201cNg\u00e0y th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh to\u1ec1m qu\u1ed1c\u201d. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u01b0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u0110ang khi T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c l\u00e2m nguy, giang s\u01a1n, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, m\u1ed3 m\u1ea3, \u0111\u1ec1n ch\u00f9a, nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean ta b\u1ecb uy hi\u1ebfp. Cha m\u1eb9, anh em, v\u1ee2 con, ao v\u01b0\u1eddn, l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c ta b\u1ecb nguy ng\u1eadp. Ai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi xung phong tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n th\u00f9? \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 m\u00e0 nay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh ra th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh\u201d. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch: \u201cTh\u01b0\u01a1ng binh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh gia \u0111\u00ecnh, hi sinh x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. V\u00ec l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecbu \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu, qu\u00e8 qu\u1eb7t. V\u00ec v\u1eady, T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft \u01a1n, ph\u1ea3i gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi con cmh d\u0169ng \u1ea5y\u201d. Cu\u1ed1i th\u01b0, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m s\u1ebb \u00e1o, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 xung phong g\u00f3p chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o l\u1ee5a, m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n \u0103n m\u1ed9t b\u1eefa c\u1ee7a Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. M\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 27\/7\/1948, trong m\u1ed9t th\u01b0 d\u00e0l \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau, B\u00e1c n\u00f3i: \u201cKh\u1ec9 n\u1ea1n ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m \u00e0o \u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn, n\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn l\u1ee5t to. N\u00f3 \u0111e d\u1ecda tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp c\u1ea3 non s\u00f4ng T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. N\u00f3 \u0111e d\u1ecda cu\u1ed1n tr\u00f4i c\u1ea3 t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh, t\u00e0l s\u1ea3n, ch\u00ecm \u0111\u1eafm c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, v\u1ee2 con c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u01a1n nguy hi\u1ec3m \u1ea5y, s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng thanh ni\u00ean y\u00eau qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m x\u00f4ng ra m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. H\u1ecd quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111em x\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1eafp th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed3ng, m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u00ea v\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n n\u1ea1n ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. H\u1ecd quy\u1ebft hi sinh t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef t\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. H\u1ecd quy\u1ebft hi sinh gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o. T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 75","H\u1ecd quy\u1ebft li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng. H\u1ecd l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 anh d\u0169ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n th\u00e2n th\u1ec3 \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecf m\u00ecnh \u1edf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eed s\u0129...\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft: \u201cH\u1ecd quy\u1ebft li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecbch, \u0111\u1ec3 cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o s\u1ed1ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9 h\u1ecd m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi con y\u00eau qu\u00fd. V\u1ee3 tr\u1ebb tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00e0 g\u00f3a. Con d\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed3 C\u00d4I. Tr\u00ean b\u00e0n th\u1edd gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u00eam m\u1ed9t linh b\u00e0l t\u1eed s\u0129. Tay ch\u00e2n t\u1ec1m ph\u1ebf c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng m\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u1eed s\u0129 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1l sinh\u201d. Th\u00e1ng 7-1954, sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 quan tc\u1eedn gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 li\u1ec7t s\u0129, gia \u0111\u00ecnh li\u1ec7t s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. Tr\u00ean \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1955, ng\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u201cNg\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh - Li\u1ec7t s\u0129\u201d. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh - Li\u00eat si - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, li\u1ec7t s\u0129 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh, m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t qua nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u1eb1m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Ncun. - Ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u201cu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1edb ngu\u1ed3n\u201d, \u201c\u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n \u0111\u00e1p ngh\u0129a\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 hi sinh t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n m\u00e1u x\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1l h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - Trong ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p, c\u00e1c \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3 m\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i C\u1ef1u chi\u1ebfn binh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i, r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9. - C\u00e1c c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, nh\u00e0 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch c\u1ee7ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u0103m v\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng qu\u00e0 cho c\u00e1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh, li\u1ec7t s\u0129, d\u00e2ng h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ea3o m\u1ed9 c\u00e1c li\u1ec7t s\u0129 t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a trang qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m... 76 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","D A N H N G \u00d4 N V\u1ec0 L\u00d2NG Y\u00caU N\u01af\u1edaC T\u00f4i ck\u1ec9 ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ck\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u1ec3 ki sink cko T\u1ed4 qu\u1ed1c. - Nath an Ha\u1ec9e - T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c quan tr\u1ecdng k\u01a1n sink m\u1ec7nk, l\u00e0 cka m\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a ck\u00fang ta, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t \u00e1ai c\u1ee7a ck\u00fang ta. - Marie Curie - B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 tk\u1ec3 kki\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u00f2i k\u1ecf qu\u00ea k\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ecd, nk\u01b0ng k\u1ea1n kk\u00f4ng tk\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp m\u1ea5t qu\u00ea k\u01b0\u01a1ng trong tr\u00e1i tim k\u1ecd. - Dos Parsons - Vink d\u1ef1 l\u1edbn nk\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. - Aristote\u00eces - 77T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","NG\u00c0Y DOANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM (Ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) Kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c doanh nh\u1ea3n trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ed9i ng\u0169 doanh nh\u1ea5n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \/\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s \u0129 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn kinh t\u1ebf, c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cao v\u1edbi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh x\u00f3a \u0111\u00f3i gi\u1ea3m ngh\u00e8o, c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00ec c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u0111\u1ec1n \u01a1n \u0111\u00e1p ngh\u0129a. C\u0169ng nh\u1edd h\u1ecd m\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u01a1n. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Doanh nh\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam Doanh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed trong m\u1ed9t doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb trong doanh nghi\u1ec7p. Vai tr\u00f2 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p, v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ra h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00f4ng \u0103n vi\u1ec7c Icim cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Doanh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ngh\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n to l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ed3n vinh h\u01a1n, gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u01a1n. Trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec phong ki\u1ebfn, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp doanh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c coi tr\u1ecdng, trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp, h\u1ecd b\u1ecb x\u1ebfp sau t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp s\u0129 phu, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. T\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u00ec th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn, h\u1ecd m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 B\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1i B\u01b0\u1edfi, L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Can, Nguy\u1ec5n S\u01a1n H\u00e0,... Sau khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng (mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1954, mi\u1ec1n 78 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG N\u00c2M","Nam l\u00e0 1975), h\u1ecd b\u1ecb cho l\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n ph\u00e2n r\u00e3). Sau \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u0103m 1990, Lu\u1eadt C\u00f4ng ty v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt Doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ra \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 21 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi hai n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p t\u01b0 nh\u00e2n ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp doanh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ng\u00e0y 20\/9\/2004, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan V\u0103n Kh\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 k\u00ed quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 13\/10 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Doanh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y Doanh nh\u00e2n vi\u1ec7t Nam - Ng\u00e0y Doanh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0y 13 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9l l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng doanh nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u1ee7 doanh nh\u00e2n trong khu v\u1ef1c. B\u1edfi n\u00f3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng cao c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ecb ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. - Ng\u00e0y Doanh nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ni\u1ec1m tin, n\u00e2ng cao tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00e0 \u00fd th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi doanh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp m\u1ecdi t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc di\u1ec5n ra nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00fd ngh\u0129a. - C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, li\u00ean k\u1ebft c\u00e1c doanh nghi\u1ec7p di\u1ec5n ra s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. L\u1ec5 k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n ra tr\u1ecdng th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n doanh nghi\u1ec7p tham gia. - C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 vinh danh v\u00e0 trao b\u1eb1ng khen, hu\u00e2n huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cho c\u00e1c doanh nh\u00e2n, doanh nghi\u1ec7p ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. - Nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i cho ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y. 79T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","\u00cc\/Co\u1ef5y\u00eari\/ o\u01b0^\u0103\u00ed' DOANH NH\u00c2N B\u00cd QUY\u1ebeT TH\u00c0NH C\u00d4NG Ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng trong gi\u1edbi kinh doanh: - Xin ng\u00e0i cho bi\u1ebft nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc n\u00e0o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0i? - T\u00f4i th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1edd hai ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m: Trung t\u00edn v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan. Trung t\u00edn l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a l\u00e0m g\u00ec th\u00ec b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o, d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u0169ng v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 l\u00e0m. - Th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu m\u1ef1c cho gi\u1edbi kinh doanh. Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n kh\u00f4n ngoan l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? - Kh\u00f4n ngoan th\u00ec \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n th\u00f4i: \u0110\u1eebng h\u1ee9a b\u1ea5t k\u00ec \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec h\u1ebft. L\u1ed8 T\u1ea8Y M\u1ed9t doanh nh\u00e2n tr\u1ebb v\u1eeba m\u1edbi m\u1edf c\u00f4ng ty ri\u00eang. Anh thu\u00ea m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi trang tr\u00ed b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u0129 thu\u1eadt C\u00d4. \u0110ang ng\u1ed3i trong v\u0103n ph\u00f2ng anh nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i \u0111i v\u00e0o. Mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Anh ch\u00e0ng doanh nh\u00e2n nh\u1ea5c \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0m ra v\u1ebb c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. Anh d\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cam k\u1ebft v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng anh d\u1eb7t \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quay ra h\u1ecfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1ch: - N\u00e0o, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap g\u00ec cho anh? -\u00c0, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ec3 gi\u00fap anh k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i, - ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. 80 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG NAM","N g\u00e0y Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam (Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) A \u1eca\u1ebf u nh\u01b0 to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 8 \/ V th\u00e1ng Ba v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u00ec Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y d\u00e0nh ri\u00eang cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef: Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi. 1. Lich s\u1eed c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v i\u1ec7t Nam T\u1eeb ng\u00e0n x\u01b0a, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam sinh ra v\u00e0 l\u1edbn l\u00ean trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, l\u1ea5y ngh\u1ec1 tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0m n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng quan tr\u1ecdng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. D\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eddi k\u00ec sau n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 n\u1eeda thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n l\u00e0 t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp b\u1ecb \u00e1p b\u1ee9c, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t ch\u1ecbu nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 v\u1eady, khi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2m nguy, l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u0169ng ch\u00e1y b\u1ecfng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ea5ng m\u00e0y r\u00e2u. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eddi k\u00ec kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n tham gia ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ec3m Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u01b0: Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Minh Khai, Th\u00e1i Th\u1ecb B\u00f4i, T\u00f4n Th\u1ecb Qu\u1ebf, v.v... Trong chi\u1ebfn tTcmh, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1eeba gi\u1ecfi vi\u1ec7c n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea3m vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 C\u00f4ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ecf, N\u00f4ng H\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ecf, Thanh ni\u00ean C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 81","n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam tham gia, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed quan tr\u1ecdng do ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u1eafm gi\u1eef. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m 1930, H\u1ed9i Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Naim (nay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam) ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ec1mh l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0m ng\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y Phu n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam - C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y 8 th\u00e1ng Ba, ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng lao, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. - \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec4m \u00f4ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 chia s\u1ebb v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1l Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fa \u00fd m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean ni\u1ec1m vui \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. - Nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 quan c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng ty \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c l\u1ec5 trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cho nh\u1eefng ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1t th\u00e0nh t\u00edch xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00f3 hoa, nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u00fac t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. 82 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT t r o n g n \u0103 m","m Tri tk\u1ee9c \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn c\u1ee7a nk\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i l\u00e0 pk\u1ee5 n\u1eef. - Henry Brooks \u1ea2\u1eafam s - N g\u01b0\u1eddi pk\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u00f3 tk\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 t\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cko m\u00ecnk l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi pk\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1ebd c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dank v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nk. - Ame\u1ec9ia Earhart - T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 k\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a tk\u1ebf gi\u00f3i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u kk\u00f4ng tk\u1ec3 s\u00e1nk n\u1ed5i v\u00f3d s\u1ef1 k\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u00f2i pk\u1ee5 n\u1eef. - vla\u00e1imir Lohanok - N\u1ebfu Tk\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ebf s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra ng\u01b0\u00f2i pk\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc tk\u00ec ng\u01b0\u00f2i \u0111\u00e3 tk\u00f4i kk\u00f4ng sink ra c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i koa. - Victor H ugo - 83T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c2C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG N\u0102M *","N g\u00e0y hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0 \u01a1ng N h\u00e0 GI\u00c1O VI\u1ec6T NAM (Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) A \u1ecag\u00e0y Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam (hay ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Hi\u1ebfn VI ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ea5y \/\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, ng\u00e0y bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u201ct\u00f4n s\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y. 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u00e1mg 7 n\u0103m 1946, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf Paris \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c (FISE). N\u0103m 1949, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u1edf Warszawa (th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Ba Lan), Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 ra b\u1ea3n \u201cHi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o\u201d g\u1ed3m 15 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, phong ki\u1ebfn, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ec1 cao tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o. C\u00f4ng \u0111o\u00e0n gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a FISE t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1953, \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp c\u1ee7a FISE t\u1eeb 26 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1957 t\u1ea1i W\u00e1rszawa, l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m 84 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","1958 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u1eefng n\u00e1m sau \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Khi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 28 th\u00e1ng Ch\u00edn n\u0103m 1982, H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng (nay l\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7) \u0111\u00e3 bam h\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 167-H\u0110BT quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 2. \u00fd ngh\u00eda ng\u00e0y Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o - Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o 20\/11 h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ec1\u01b0n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc, t\u00f4n s\u01b0 tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1o. - \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean gh\u1ebf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng, bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y d\u1ed7 v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho m\u00ecnh. 3. Nh\u1eefng hoat \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u00eam - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc, c\u01a1 quan gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00edt Unh ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea5t trang tr\u1ecdng. Thcun gia l\u1ec5 m\u00edt Unh c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh trong \u1eef\u01b0\u1eddng. - H\u1ecdc sinh d\u00e2ng l\u00ean hoa t\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n l\u00f2ng bi\u1ebft \u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y. - Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc sinh c\u0169, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u0169ng nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i m\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng x\u01b0a, th\u0103m l\u1ea1i th\u1ea7y c\u00f4 gi\u00e1o, \u00f4n l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2. T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 85","DANH NG\u00d4N V\u1ec0 GI\u00c1O D\u1ee4C D\u01b0\u00f3\u00e3 \u00e1nk m\u1eb7t trcri kk\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngk\u1ec1 n\u00e0o cao qu\u00fd k\u01a1n ngk\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y k\u1ecdc. - Comenxki - M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u00f2i tk\u1ea7y t\u1ed1t gi\u1ed1ng nk\u01b0 ng\u1ecdn n\u1ebfn - ck\u00e1y k\u1ebft m\u00ecnk \u0111\u1ec3 tk\u1eafp s\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i cko nk\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u00f2i kk\u00e1c. - Mustafa Kemal\u1ea2tat\u1eedrk - Pk\u1ea3i t\u00f4n k\u00ednk tk\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y m\u00ecnk, k\u1edfi l\u1ebd n\u1ebfu cka m\u1eb9 cko ta s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng tk\u00ec ck\u00ednk c\u00e1c tk\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o cko ta pk\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00e1ck s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e0ng ko\u00e0ng t.\u1eed\u00ab t.\u1ec1\u00ed . phi\u1ec9ox\u00eane De Cythere - Ck\u1ec9 nk\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu d\u1ed1t m\u1edbi c\u0103m gk\u00e9t gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. - Puh\u1ec9i\u1ec9ius Syrus - 86 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Ng\u00e0y Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t nam (Ng\u00e0y 22 t\u00edicing M\u01b0\u1eddi hcil, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u1ea0 \u00c2 \u1ed9 t n\u01b0\u1edbc m u\u1ed1n v\u1eefng m \u1ea1nh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 qu\u1ea7n I V I \u0111\u1ed9i v\u1eefng m \u1ea1nh. V\u00ec v\u1eady qu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e3n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t N am l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m \u00e0 ra, v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m \u00e0 p h \u1ee5 c v\u1ee5, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u hi sinh \u201cv\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, v\u00ec ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh p h \u00fa c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u1eb1n\\\". 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Qu\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e1n v i\u1ec7t Nam 22\/12 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y t\u00eci\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n - m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ea7y \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u00ean g\u1ecdi \u201cQu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d l\u00e0 do H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u201ct\u1eeb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u00e0 ra, v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n m\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, v\u00ec nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5\u201d. Ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ng\u00e0y 22 th\u1ec3ing M\u01b0\u1eddi hai n\u0103m 1944 t\u1ea1i khu r\u1eebng Tr\u1ea7n H\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ea1o, thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Nguy\u00ean B\u00ecnh, Cao B\u1eb1ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed3m 34 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 do V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 huy chung, Ho\u00e0ng S\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f2n X\u00edch Th\u1eafng, t\u1ee9c D\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea1c Th\u1ea1ch, l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean. V\u0169 kh\u00ed ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 2 s\u00fang th\u1eadp (m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang ng\u1eafn), 17 s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng, 14 s\u00fang k\u00edp. Sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3mh th\u1eafng hai tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf Phai Kh\u1eaft v\u00e0 N\u00e0 Ng\u1ea7n (Cao B\u1eb1ng). Sau hai tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y, qu\u00e2n s\u1ed1 t\u0103ng l\u00ean * 87T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeTTRONG n \u0103 m","th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i, Ho\u00e0ng S\u1ea7m l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f2n X\u00edch Th\u1eafng l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb vi\u00ean. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u201cch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n. V\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 th\u00ec v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng,... \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e8m anh, mong cho ch\u00f3ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0n em kh\u00e1c... Tuy l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 r\u1ea5t v\u1ebb vang. N\u00f3 l\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i su\u1ed1t t\u1eeb B\u1eafc ch\u00ed Nam, kh\u1eafp \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Na\u01b0n\u201d. Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng T\u01b0 n\u0103m 1945, \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Ncun Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n do Chu V\u0103n T\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 huy, \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n n\u0103m 1945. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1945, Gi\u1ec3ii ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00f2ng c\u1ed1t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a qu\u1ec1m T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00f2i gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u00ednh quy Vi\u1ec7t Minh, th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t n\u0103m 1945 Vi\u1ec7t Ncun gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed5l t\u00ean th\u00e0nh V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u1ec1m, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng N\u0103m n\u0103m 1946, theo s\u1eaf c l\u1ec7nh 71\/SL c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc, V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1eadp trung th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u. N\u0103m 1950, Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1954, v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 XX. Ng\u00e0y 15 th\u00e1ng Hal n\u0103m 1961, Qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam, g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 \u1eefang \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1ef1c ch\u1ea5t, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00f2n \u1edf l\u1ea1l Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam, k\u1ebft h\u1ee2p b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn t\u0103ng vi\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i 88 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eeb mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7, th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1976, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Qu\u00e2n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam h\u1ee2p nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1989, theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ban b\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi hai h\u00e0ng n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Qu\u1ec1Ln \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y H\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. 2. \u00dd ngh\u0129a Ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n - Ng\u00e0y 22 th\u00e1ng M\u01b0\u1eddi hai \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ebd kh\u01a1i d\u1eady trong l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i gian kh\u1ed5 hi sinh \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. - Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng n\u00e2ng cao c\u1ea3nh gi\u00e1c, ra s\u1ee9c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n l\u0129nh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i gian kh\u1ed5, v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, trong m\u1ecdi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. 3. C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - H\u00e0ng n\u0103m, c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, nh\u1eb1m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c gi\u1eef n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ee5 H\u1ed3, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, y\u00eau Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u0103m lo c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. - C\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 m\u00edt tinh, h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i thanh ni\u00ean, thi \u0111\u1ea5u th\u1ec3 thao, h\u1ed9i thao qu\u1ec3\u01b0i s\u1ef1,... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf kh\u1eafp l\u00e0ng, x\u00e3, c\u01a1 quan \u0111o\u00e0n th\u1ec3, c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb... Trong \u0111\u00f3, l\u1ec5 duy\u1ec7t binh c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Na\u01b0n l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mong ch\u1edd nh\u1ea5t. 89T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","TRUY\u1ec6N C\u01af\u1edcI NH\u00c0 BI NH CHI\u1ebeN TRANH V\u00c0 H \u00d2 \\\\ B\u00ccNH Hai anh l\u00ednh m \u1edbi n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau trong doanh tr\u1ea1i; - T\u1ea1i sao c\u1eadu t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n t\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n? - T\u1edb \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e2n, t\u1edb th\u00edch chi\u1ebfn tranh. Th\u1ebf c\u00f2n c\u1eadu? - T\u1edb th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 v\u1ee2, n h\u01b0 ng l\u1ea1i y\u00eau h \u00f2a b\u00ecnh. AI D\u0168NG C\u1ea2M B\u00ean h\u1ed3 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, ba vi\u00ean s\u0129 quan \u0111ang tranh c\u00e3i xem l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ai d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n. V\u1ecb th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t ra l\u1ec7nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: - H\u00e3y b\u01a1i qua c\u00e1i h\u1ed3 n\u00e0y! Anh l\u00ednh \u00e1i ng\u1ea1i tu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 b\u01a1i th\u1eadt nhanh qua h\u1ed3, tho\u00e1t hi\u1ec3m . Ch\u1eb3ng m\u1ea3y may \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee2ng, s\u0129 quan th\u1ee9 hai h\u00e9t l\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: - Nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 10 ph\u00fat! M\u1eb7t d\u00f9 r\u1ea5t s\u1ee2 nh \u01b0 n g anh l\u00ednh c\u0169 n g m i\u1ec5n c\u01b0 \u1ee1 n g l\u00e0m th eo l\u1ec7n h tr\u00ean. Sau 10 ph\u00fat \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, anh ta m ay m \u1eafn l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c b\u1edd. Vi\u00ean s\u0129 quan th\u1ee9 ba l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: - H\u00e3y nh\u1ea3y xu\u1ed1ng \u0111i v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng m inh l\u00e0 anh d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m h\u01a1n h\u1ecd! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean d\u1eb1n t\u1eebng ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0o m \u1eb7t \u0111\u00e1m s\u0129 quan; - T\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ed3 v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch l\u0169 c\u00e1 s\u1ea5u, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m \u1ed9t m \u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh ngu ng\u1ed1c, m \u1ed9t s\u1ef1 hi sinh v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. T\u00f4i - kh\u00f4ng - xu\u1ed1ng! V\u1ecb s\u0129 quan th\u1ee9 ba m \u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia; - T\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng anh ta m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 l\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m! 90 * TIM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","PH\u1ea6N N H \u1eee N G N G \u00c0 Y L\u1ec4 D \u00c0 N H C H O C \u00c1 C \u0110\u1ed0I T\u01af\u1ee2NG C\u1ee4 TH\u1ec2 TR\u00caN TH\u1ebe GI\u1edaI VALENTINE - NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u00ccNH NH\u00c2N (Ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng Hai, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u201cT in h y\u00eau l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ng\u1ecdt ng\u00e0o v\u00e0 tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \/ t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 ban cho lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng th\u00eam \u00fd ngh\u0129a v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u m \u00e0u s\u1eafc khi con ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng chia s\u1ebb. C\u00f3 m \u1ed9 t ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i t\u00ecnh nh\u1ea3n, v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau nhau s\u1ebd c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u1ee7a m \u00ecnh m \u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Valentine. 1. Ng\u00e0y Valentine l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y g\u00ec? Ng\u00e0y Valentine 14\/2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m (Valentine\u2019s Day) c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 T\u00ecnh y\u00eau hay ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 T\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n. Ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean theo th\u00e1nh Valentine, m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng v\u1eca th\u00e1nh t\u1eed v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1o Klt\u00f4 gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean - v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4n vinh t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ee9a, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n, v\u00e0 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 Idi\u00e1c ph\u00e1i. 2. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y Valentine C\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 n\u00e0y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: Valentine l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t linh m\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf La M\u00e3 Claudius II. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 th\u1ee9 ba, \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c La M\u00e2 ph\u1ea3i tham gia nhi\u1ec1u T\u1ec8M HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 91","cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u v\u00e0 phi ngh\u0129a, v\u00ec v\u1eady m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9. Do g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n khi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c ch\u00e0ng trai tr\u1ebb gia nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, Claudius II cho r\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng La M\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n r\u1eddi xa gia \u0111\u00ecnh hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0 h\u00f4n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng y\u1ebfu m\u1ec1m; do \u0111\u00f3, Claudius II ra l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1eb7c l\u1ec5 \u0111\u00ednh h\u00f4n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. Linh m\u1ee5c Valentine \u1edf th\u00e0nh La M\u00e3, c\u00f9ng Th\u00e1nh Mcirius \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a v\u1eca ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1eed h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5 c\u01b0\u1edbi cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4i v\u1ee2 ch\u1ed3ng tr\u1ebb trong b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Khi b\u1ecb ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, linh m\u1ee5c Valentine \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft v\u00e0 k\u1ebft \u00e1n t\u1eed h\u00ecnh. Bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 14 th\u00e1ng Hai, n\u0103m 269 SCN, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00f4ng g\u1eedi t\u1ea5m \u201cthi\u1ec7p Valentine\u201d \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean cho c\u00f4 con g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a vi\u00ean cai t\u00f9 Asterius, ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef m\u00f9 l\u00f2a b\u1ea9m sinh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c \u00f4ng ch\u1eefa l\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e9p l\u1ea1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0 k\u00ed t\u00ean \u201cdal vostro Valentino\u201d - from your Valentine (\u201cT\u1eeb Valentine c\u1ee7a em\u201d). C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 14 thcing Hai tr\u1edf th\u1ec1mh ng\u00e0y k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p \u0111\u00f4i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u00e1nh Valentine \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u1ec1mh v\u1ecb Th\u00e1nh ph\u00f9 tr\u1ee2 cho t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ee9a. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c c\u1eb7p t\u00ecnh nh\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng k\u00fd t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u1ee5m t\u1eeb \u201cFrom your Valentine\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a thay v\u00ec t\u00ean m\u00ecnh trong c\u00e1c t\u1ea5m thi\u1ec7p Valentine. D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n, ng\u00e0y 14\/2 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y trao \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c b\u1ee9c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau. 3. \u00dd ngh\u00eda c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y L\u1ec5 T\u00ecnh y\u00eau - \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u00f4n vinh t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ee9a, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau nhau b\u00e0y t\u1ecf t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi n\u1eeda c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i. - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u1eb7ng nhau chocolate, hoa h\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ecf c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m thi\u1ec7p chan ch\u1ee9a y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. B\u1edfi t\u00ecnh y\u00eau c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ecb ng\u1ecdt b\u00f9i, \u0111\u1eafng cay. V\u00e0 chocolate c\u0169ng v\u1eady, khi b\u1ea1n \u0103n m\u1ed9t mi\u1ebfng chocolate trong mi\u1ec7ng, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1ea1n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y v\u1eca \u0111\u1eafng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 sau th\u00ec l\u1ea1i c\u00e0ng ngon, ng\u1ecdt. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, chocolate tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee2ng qu\u00e0 t\u1eb7ng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0y Valentine. Hoa h\u1ed3ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng tn\u00f9ig cho t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, v\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 Valentine c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu hoa h\u1ed3ng. 92 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","DANH NG\u00d4N \u1ef5\u1ec3u ' T\u00ecnk y\u00eau tk\u01b0\u01a1ng con ng\u01b0cd l\u00e0 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd gi\u00e1 nk\u1ea5t. - Ng\u1ea1n ng\u1eef A R\u1eadp - ck\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tk\u1ee9 k\u1ea1nk pk\u00fac tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi, y\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u00eau. - George San\u1eaf - T\u00ecnk y\u00eau tk\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ebfm, t\u00ecnk k\u1ea1n tk\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u00f2n ki\u1ebfm kon. - La Rontaine - T\u00ecnk y\u00eau l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tk\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m, t\u00ecm ki\u1ec3u l\u00e2u \u00e1\u00e0i. ck\u1edb kk\u00f4ng pk\u1ea3i ck\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e2y m\u1ed9t pk\u00fat k\u1ed3ng k\u1ed9t nk\u1ea5t tk\u00f2i. - \u1ea2nonymous - 93T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","N g\u00e0y Q y\u1ed1c T\u1ebe PH\u1ee4 N\u1eef (Ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u1eca \u00ed \u00e0 n g n\u0103m, khi th\u00e1ng Ba v\u1ec1, kh\u1eafp c\u00e1c ph\u1ed1 \/ \/ ph\u01b0 \u1eddng nh\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1i th\u1eafm h\u1eb3n l\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng b\u00f4ng hoa khoe s\u1eafc, m \u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 th\u1ec9 v\u1edbi nhau r\u1eb1ng: s\u1eaf p \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y m \u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba, ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. B\u1ea1n c\u0169ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng m \u00f3n gu\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd d\u00e0nh cho m\u1eb9, cho ch\u1ecb em v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n n\u1eef. B\u1ea1n c\u00f3 bi\u1ebft ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 n \u1eef c\u00f3 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n h \u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o hay kh\u00f4ng? 1. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Phu n\u1eef m\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00f3m ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong su\u1ed1t chi\u1ec1u d\u1ec1ii l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00ean ng\u00e0y 8\/3. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1ed7i n\u0103m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp hoa th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt m\u00e1u v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129. Cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ec9 19, Ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a T\u01b0 b\u1ea3n \u1edf M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. N\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e3 thu h\u00fat nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em v\u00e0o l\u00e0m \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n tr\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t r\u1ebb m\u1ea1t, gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nh\u1eb1m l\u00e0m t\u0103ng l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba n\u0103m 1857, n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5u tranh \u0111\u00f2i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1ea3m gi\u1edd 94 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","l\u00e0m. Phong tr\u00e0o b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0nh d\u1ec7t v\u00e0 ng\u00e0nh may t\u1ea1i hai th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Chicago v\u00e0 New York. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n th\u1eb3ng tay \u0111\u1ec0m \u00e1p, ch\u1ecb em v\u1eabn \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd, b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ph\u1ea3i nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tTcUih c\u1ee7a n\u1eef c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n M\u0129 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef \u0110\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Trong phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u \u1eefanh giai c\u1ea5p l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n had n\u1eef chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Clara Zetkin (\u0110\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 b\u00e0 Romans Luxembourg (Ba Lan). Nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1eef v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cho phong tr\u00e0o ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef n\u00ean n\u0103m 1907, hal b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee2p v\u1edbi b\u00e0 Nadezhda Krupskaya (v\u1ee2 L\u00ea-nin) v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ban \u201cTh\u01b0 k\u00ed Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf\u201d, b\u00e0 Clara Zetkin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m B\u00ed th\u01b0. N\u0103m 1910, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Copenhagen (Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110an M\u1ea1ch) \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 8\/3 l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, ng\u00e0y \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: - Ng\u00e0y l\u00e0m 8 gi\u1edd. - Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ngang nhau, ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng ngang nhau. - B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ng\u00e0y 8\/3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u00e0y \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u trcUih chung c\u1ee7a ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 2. \u00fd ngh\u00eda ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef - Ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba - Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u1edbn trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tramh \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef lu\u00f4n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ngo\u00e0i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. - \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng y\u00eau qu\u00fd v\u00e0 tr\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. B\u1edfi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i. Quanh n\u0103m t\u1ea5t b\u1eadt v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c nh\u00e0, vi\u1ec7c c\u01a1 quan. H\u1ecd c\u00f2n gi\u1eef m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 95","ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9, mang n\u1eb7ng \u0111\u1ebb \u0111au ra nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9a con v\u00e0 nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u1ecd c\u1ea7n l\u1eafm s\u1ef1 s\u1ebb chia, th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u00e0 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u1eddi hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u1eeba l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9i tr\u1ee2, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u1eeba tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Vai tr\u00f2 to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng T\u00e1m th\u00e1ng Ba c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i quan t\u00e2m v\u00e0 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp nh\u1eefng thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i, v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3 trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb tinh th\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 mua n\u1ed5i. 3. Nh\u1eefng hoat \u0111\u00f4ng k\u1ec9 ni\u1ec7m - V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 y\u00eau qu\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eb7ng hoa, nh\u1eefng m\u00f3n qu\u00e0 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u00fac t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t n\u1eeda th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. - C\u00e1c c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 h\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c gia \u0111\u00ecnh, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ph\u1ea1m t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em. - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u01a1 quan t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1c ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u0103n h\u00f3a, v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c thi c\u1eafm hoa, n\u1ea5u \u0103n, v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e0o m\u1eebng, t\u1ea1o s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i vui v\u1ebb n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng cho ch\u1ecb em ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef. 96 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT t r o n g n \u0103 m","TRUY\u1ec6N VUI V\u1ec0 n il NG\u01af\u1edcI PH\u1ee4 N\u1eee TUY\u1ec6T V\u1edcI Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi nhau: - C\u00f3 l\u1ebd m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft \u0111dn xin li d\u1ecb. - Sao v\u1eady? - V\u1ee3 m\u00ecnh n\u1eeda n\u0103m nay kh\u00f4ng th\u00e8m n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u00e0o. - C\u1eadu \u0111i\u00ean \u00e0! Bi\u1ebft t\u00ecm \u0111\u00e2u ra m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef tuy\u1ec7t v\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. . i\\\"? 97T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M *","ng\u00e0yqu\u1ed1ct\u1ebf H\u1ea0NH PH\u00daC (Ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Ba, D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch) \u201cT7ong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ai c\u0169ng h\u01b0\u1edbng \/ t\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. \u201cQuy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00eau l\u00ean trong Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc M \u0129 n\u0103m 1776 v\u00e0 Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a XHCN Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1945. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 cao mong mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 1. Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Hanh ph\u00fac T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1970, nh\u00e0 vua c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bhutan (t\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 l\u00e0 V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Bhutan Himalaya, n\u1eb1m s\u00e2u trong l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba mi\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f4ng Himalaya) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 s\u1ef1 th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee2ng c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, tinh th\u1ea7n, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00ed v\u00e0 m\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n. Tuy l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111ang ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00f3 t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed9i th\u1ea5p nh\u01b0ng Bhutan l\u1ea1l l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gla c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Bhutan l\u00e0; \u201cH\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng ai tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 g\u00ec, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho m\u00ecnh. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 khao kh\u00e1t s\u00e2u xa c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec v\u1eady, theo \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t 98 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M","c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Bhutan, ng\u00e0y 28\/2\/2012, \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4ng qua ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft l\u1ea5y ng\u00e0y 20\/3 h\u00e0ng n\u0103m l\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac cho to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. V\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o 20\/3\/2013. 2. Tai sao \u0129ai ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 3 t\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Hanh ph\u00fac Vi\u1ec7c Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Ba l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong n\u0103m, m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi n\u1eb1m ngang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng x\u00edch \u0111\u1ea1o, v\u00ec th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 d\u1ec1ii ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam b\u1eb1ng nhau - l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee2ng cho c\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, h\u00e0i h\u00f2a c\u1ee7a v\u0169 tr\u1ee5. C\u0169ng l\u00e0 bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng gi\u1eefa \u00e2m v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1eefa \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i, gi\u1eefa \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c... B\u1edfi v\u1eady ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng Ba - Ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u0169ng chuy\u1ec3n t\u1ea3i th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p r\u1eb1ng: C\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, h\u00e0i h\u00f2a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ch\u00eca kh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec3 mang \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. 3. Nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f4ng trong ng\u00e0y Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Hanh ph\u00fac V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y, kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em l\u1ea1i ni\u1ec1m vui cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e0y t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau, chia s\u1ebb, bi\u1ec3u th\u1ecb mong mu\u1ed1n, ni\u1ec1m tin v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 chi\u1ebfn tranh, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3i ngh\u00e8o; m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u1ecbnh v\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec1n v\u1eefng; m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi m\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9 kh\u00e1c m\u00e0u da, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. 4. Quy\u1ec1n hanh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ea1mh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m vui l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n nh\u1eefng nhu c\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0: \u0102n, m\u1eb7c, \u1edf,... ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c nhu c\u1ea7u kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 y\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c y\u00eau, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u00ecnh, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, ch\u1ec9nh ph\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i... Tuy nhi\u00ean, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ec5\u01b0n th\u1ea5y h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng lu\u00f4n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n, nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n ngay b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh ta m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i khi ta ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh d\u00e0i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M * 99","nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc m\u00e0 ta c\u1ea7n tu\u00e2n theo. H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n n\u1ebfu ta b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p m\u1ecdi gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i ta mu\u1ed1n, b\u1edfi \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m, s\u1ef1 m\u1ea5t m\u00e1t ta g\u00e2y ra s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00f9 \u0111\u1eafp v\u00e0 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng ng\u01b0\u1ee2c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac n\u00f3i chung ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 theo ch\u00e2n l\u00ed v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a) th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3. C\u1ea6U CHUY\u1ec6N H\u1ea0NH PH\u00daC C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, heo con ch\u1ea1y t\u1edbi h\u1ecfi heo m\u1eb9: - M\u1eb9 \u01a1i, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 g\u00ec h\u1ea3 m\u1eb9? L\u00fac \u1ea5y heo m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng: - H\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u00f3, con y\u00eau \u00e0. Heo con m\u1eebng r\u1ee1 ch\u1ea1y ra s\u00e2n v\u00e0 vui \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi c\u00e1i \u0111u\u00f4i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, m\u1eb7t n\u00f3 \u00e1nh l\u00ean m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 g\u00ec. R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y, heo con bu\u1ed3n b\u00e3 ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi: - M\u1eb9 \u01a1i, t\u1ea1i sao con ch\u1eb3ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee2c \u201ch\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d c\u1ee7a con h\u1ebft v\u1eadv? Heo m\u1eb9 m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn con v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: - Con ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft n\u00f3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n con lu\u00f4n m\u1ec9m c\u01b0\u01a1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec \u201ch\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac\u201d s\u1ebd lu\u00f4n \u0111i theo sau con \u0111\u00f3! 100 * T\u00ccM HI\u1ec2U C\u00c1C NG\u00c0Y L\u1ec4 T\u1ebeT TRONG N\u0102M"]