ကြယ်စင်များရဲ့မိခင် (လူထုဒေါ်အမာ)

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acgi;f wvm;udk rxr;f y;dk Eidk af omjfim;/ treS wf &m;udk usaemf ausmy;dk aecwhJ m tar? tar em;vncf iG vhf w$ wf eaf umi;f &@J? “twwd qf wdk m &vdS n;f &wdS ,?f &wdS ,qf wdk mvn;f *%k ,f &l w,?f t wwd qf wdk hJ avSum;xpf&Sdvkd@ ypPKy`efqdkwJh avSum;xpfukd wufEkdifwm jzpfyg w,f? 'ga=umifh twdwfukdvnf; rsufuG,fjyKzdk@ r}udK;pm;apcsifbl;? rae@u&Sdvkd@ u|efrwdk@rSm uae@&Sd aewmyg? uae@&Sd aeEkdif=uwmyg?”(vlxktar/ jrefrmhr[m*Dw æ rS) vxl ak w;oqH wdk m w&rH qwd /f twwd uf dk E;d_ q/G ypKP ye` uf dk v@H_aqm/f tem *wfukd ,Hk=unfwmyJ r[kwfvm;tar? vlxkukd ,Hk=unfrS/ awmfvSefa&;ukd ,=kHunrf /S ,=kHuncf suuf dk ,=kHunrf /S atmiyf uJG dk ,=kHunrf mS r[wk vf m; tar? 'gawuG tar jyÏme;f ay;cwhJ hJ vwG af jrmuaf &; o0D &aD waG v? tarh b0wcvk ;kH e@J wkduf,lvkd@ &cJhwJh opPmw&m;awGav? trSefw&m;awG usaemfwkd@b0awGay: y+dyKd vrd qhf i;f vmatmi/f ax;G ay@Gar;G jrLwwaf tmi/f titf m;awG }u;D xmG ; &iohf ef vmatmif b,of al wG aqmi=fuO;f ay;cyhJ gov?J tarah us;Z;l / arwmW / apwem/ r'k wd mawuG ( 'xD uf av;euf eu±f id_ ;f whJ tjcm;pum;v;kH rsm; usaemrhf mS yg;&mS ; w,/f tar&h @J E@dk&nwf puvf @dkyJ usaemrf wS ,f yl gw,)f tara& æ vxl tk ara& æ? vlxkaw;oHawGeJ@ orkdif;tqufquf/ &mZ0if tcef;cef;ukd tar jzwof e;f p;D qi;f omG ;c+hJyD r[wk vf m;? (2) “trsm;eJ@qkdifwJh udpPawGrSm b,fawmhrS rjiif;wJh vlwa,muf? tJ'Dvkdvlukd taygif;toif; a&mif;&if;eJ@ ywf0ef;usifvl@taqmufttHku b,fhES,f vkyf+yD; arhEkdifrSmvJ?”(vlxktar/ awmifav;vHk;rS ewfu|ef;txd trSmpum; æ rS) tareJ@ pwifqHkqnf;cJh&wJh ouU&mZfrsm;ukd jyefa&wGuf=unfhrdw,f? 1985 pmqkdawmf&moD? usaemfwdk@e,f+rdK@av;rSm pmqkdawmf&moDa&mufwkdif; pma&;q&m/ uAsmq&mawuG dk zwd =f um;+y;D pmaya[majymyaJG wG usi;f yjyKvyk f av&h wdS ,?f pmaya[majymyeJG @Jtwl usye;f pum;ajymyaJG w/G pum;&nvf yk aJG w/G 0wKÎ/ aqmi;f yg;/ uAsm/ umweG ;f +yKdiyf aJG wvG n;f ,OS wf +JGy;D vyk af v&h wdS ,?f usaemuf r;dk a0 vil ,uf Asma&;ol jzpaf eyg+y?D 80 veG Ef pS rf sm;rmS usaemf w@dk+rKd @u pmaya[m ajymyaJG w/G pmayvy_ &f mS ;ra_ wxG rJ mS xxJ 0J i0f if usaemyf g0icf iG hf &aecsed ?f EpS wf idk ;f 214

&euf ek uf q&mq&mrawcG sn;f zwd af e=uawmh 'ED pS af wmh tvnS thf ajymi;f vn;f jzp/f usaemwf @dk tirf wef av;pm;=unnf Kd &whJ rEaW v;u tarrmw@dkudk zwd &f atmivf @dk usaemf t}ujHyK=unwhf thJ cg tm;v;kH u oabmwvl ucf /H &uof wrf wS /f usaemef @J pmay&aJ bmwf O;D / rEaW v;udk tjrecf s/D tarrmw@dke@J &i;f E;DS u|r;f 0iwf hJ q &m}u;D O;D ri;f E,G f (ri;f E,G -f v,uf idk ;f ) quD pm,/l usi;f ya&;aumrf wuD zwd f pmawGxnfh/ tarrmwkd@ pDpOfay;EkdifwJh pma&;q&m uAsmq&mawG zdwfac:cJh ayawmh æ w?hJ OD;av;vS/ tarrm tygt0if q&mwifrkd;/ q&marmifpGrf;&nfwkd@u 1971-72 avmufwkef;u wacgufwusif; a&mufcJhzl;=uygw,f? tJ'Dumv awwG ek ;f u e,rf mS pmaya[majymyaJG wG us,uf s,jfye@fjye@f rxeG ;f um;ao;ygb;l ? usaemwf @dk txuwf e;f ausmi;f u ausmi;f tyk f q&m}u;D / q&m}u;D O;D atmi^f m%f (awmiwf iG ;f ) u O;D aqmi+fy;D / ynma&;wuoU vdk uf qi;f vmwhJ q&mO;D atmif 0i;f w@kd/ jrerf mpm q&mq&mrawuG ppD Ouf si;f yay;whJ ausmi;f a[majymyrJG sKd ;yg? ausmif;rSm a[mvkd@jyKvkd@+yD;rS +rdK@ay:u pmay0goem&SifawGtwGuf vSoD&D ±kyf&Sif±Hk}uD;rSm quf+yD; a[m=uajym=u/ pmayaqG;aEG;yGaJ wG vkyf=uw,f/ &Guf =ur;f a&csKd pmaya[majymy?JG 'ge@JyJ rEvW mudk tjreEf iS /f rEaW v;vxl wk udk af &mu/f taruh dk ueaf wm/h vm&i;f upd aP jymjy/ taryJ tpp ppD Oaf y;ygayg@? taru +yKH ;+yKH ;&i$ &f i$ f em;axmi+fy;D “bkdndK æ om;yJ armifukdav;wkd@ armif=unfatmifwkd@eJ@ pDpOfay;yguG,f/ t arvn;f ri;f b;l ra&muwf m =umayg@? urdk i;f E,G uf vn;f wu;l wuudk zwd &f mS w,f/ a&$pufawmfbk&m;vnf; zl;&if;aygh”vkd@ ukdndK@ukd rSmajymav;ajymw,f? usaemwf @dkuawmh tqiaf jyavawmh 0r;f ajrmu0f r;f om? undk Kd (nyD ak v;) u “q&marmifvGrf;%Dwdk@ 'DnaeyJ jyefr,fqkdawmh a[majymr,fh &ufukdvnf; o&d +yaD v/ usaemwf @dk um;aweG @JyJ vmcrhJ ,/f wjcm;vidk ;f um;awG bmawvG n;f rpDpOfygeJ@/ udpPtm;vHk; usaemfwdk@yJ pDpOf+yD;vmcJh=uygr,f? vmcgeD; q&m}uD; O;D ri;f E,G tf rd uf kd zek ;f quf vudk yf g@r,?f twJ cak wmh &wdS ,/f rau;G ur;f uaeawmh vm}udKay;ayg@aemf?”“pdwfcsyg ukdndK&,f?” rEWav;awmifukd ajy;/ usHK;ukdywf/ r[mrek &d iS af wmjfrwuf dk uowk uf &uzf ;l / aps;csKd udk wywyf w/f x;dk rek @fav;/ vrek @f av;0,/f naeapmi;f awmh rau;G um;e@J jyevf mc=hJu? a=omf æ jzKwcf sn;f re;f awmif&dyfckd? a&muvf mr,hf reuyf idk ;f rmS yJ usaemwf @dk rau;G buuf r;f u;l +y;D rau;G u pmay &aJ bmaf weG @J apmi}hfuKdae=uw,?f {&m0wjDrp}fu;D udk jzwuf ;l z@kd Zuvf @dkac:whJ 215

um; wiuf ;l whJ a&,mO}fu;D &@Jwm0e&f odS al wuG vdk n;f }uKdwi+fy;D pm&i;f ay;/ arwmW &ycf /H wm0e&f odS al wuG vn;f usaemwf @dk+rKd@u a&a=umi;f 0Zd m… }u;D awqG adk wmh tqif ajyw,vf @dkyJ ajym&r,?f reG ;f vJG 12 em&0D e;f usiaf vmurf mS rau;G ur;f ez;l udk tarrmw@dk a&muf vmygw,?f Ew_ qf u=fu/ rwd qf u=fuayg?h “'g armiuf adk v; (uAsmq&m}u;D uadk v; - ti;f 0*%k &f n)f / armi=f unaf tmif (uAsmq&m}u;D =unaf tmi)f / a[m'gu wuoU vdk f armiaf pmviG /f [bdk uuf EEk &k nf (ti;f 0)/ 'bD uuf EpS af ,muuf taroh m; bndk Kd (nyD ak v;) e@J rwd vDÎ maumvyd uf pm=unwhf udk rf LS ; u0dk i;f wi”hf tarrmwkd@ukd vl&Sif;+idrfqdwfwJh xrif;qkdifav;wckrSm ae&mcsxm;/ um;awZG uaf y:wizf @kd ppD Of / ri;f b;l ur;f buuf dk a&mu&f adS =umi;f zek ;f qu/f ygvm oal wG pm&i;f y@dk? ri;f b;l ur;f burf mS vn;f vn;f yi;f w&nS &f nS ef @J apmiahf eoal wG u oujfyi;f wcscs? prd ;f v=JhunjfymaewhJ {&m0w&D @J a&p;D oaH wuG dk em;axmi&f i;f taemu±f ;dk rbuqf D ai;&aD ewhJ tarrh suEf mS rmS vrG ;f &yd wf csKd @u xi[f yf arsmviG hf aeav&J@? (3) “vlqkdwm bmvkyfcsifvkyfcsif raocifyJ vkyfEkdifwm? aow,fqkdwm tm;vHk; tm;vHk; bmrqdk tqHk;ur`wf ed*Hk;owfwmyJ? tJ'Dawmh vkyfcsifwm&Sd&if rao cifvkyfxm; qkdwmukd ykdykd+yD; oabmaygufaew,f?”(vlxktar/ pma&;jzpf wJhta=umif;&if; æ rS) ri;f b;l a&muaf wmh q&m}u;D O;D ri;f E,G f O;D aqmiwf hJ pmay&aJ bmaf wjGzpwf hJ ri;f jriZhf i/f A[ed ;f atmi/f aZmof uaf x;G / armief OD ;D / quEf idk af tmi/f uudk adk t;w@kd apmi}hfuKd ae=uw,?f t+yKH ;u,dk pf uD ,dk if eS @J taemuaf jrvwrf mS pmaya[majymyJG rwS wf idk wf widk f pudk xf =luz@dk a&a$ 'gi;f awmif uavmirf sKd ;awG E;dk =um;p@dk? 'aD e@n 7 em&rD mS ri;f b;l y/JG aemuaf e@nrmS re;f a&eaH jr tvyk of rm;rsm;&@J y/JG aemuwf ae@rmS a&a$ &miaf wmf a&eaH jr tvyk of rm;rsm;&@J y/JG +y;D &if arsmuuf }uKd ;ac/G a'gi;f t;dk a0v@dk z@JGocD whJ hJ &iS rf [m&Ïom&&@J a&p$ uaf wmof mG ; awmvm;udk cpH m;=un=hfur,hf ajcawm&f m b&k m;z;l c&;D pO?f t'J ED pS &f @J x;l jcm;ra_ v;awuG a[majymyJG ce;f r}u;D &@J atmuxf yf ce;f r }u;D rmS 'aD e@emrnf }u;D aewhJ ri;f b;l om; ye;f csqD &m u0dk i;f azjriwfh @dk/ uwdk i0f i;f w@dk/ 216

ukdausmfpdef0if;wkd@pwJh rif;bl;om; yef;csDq&mrsm;&J@ qDaq;a&aq; yef;csDum; tci;f tusi;f aw/G ri;f b;l pmay a[majymyuJG dk EpS pf Of tpOtf quf vma&mucf hJ =uwhJ pma&;q&m q&mrrsm;&@J twKÎ yw` dW tusO;f rsm;e@J owl @dk&@J pmaytEyk nm vu&f mrsm; wiqf uxf m;r/_ tay:xycf e;f r}u;D rmS +yKdiyf 0JG ipf mral w/G q&k pmrrl sm;e@J e&H uH ypf mapmiaf w/G 'gawtG m;v;kH udk ae@rtyd nf rtyd f tvqS iof ul uodk ed ;f Eidk f (ye;f csyD e;f y-k &euf ek af usmi;f qi;f ) u wm0e,f cl &hJ mS w,?f o@laq; o@lac|;e@J o@ltEk ynm? (vrG ;f armz,G f EpS uf mvrsm;/ EpS Ef pS qf ,af usm)f a[majymyJG rpwirf D tarw@dku jyyjJGyce;f awG vudk =fun=hfuw,?f u0dk i;f azjrifh&J@ =uufzESpfaumif cGyfaewJh qDaq;um;ukd &ifoyf±_arm=unfh+yD; q&m O;D ciaf rmi&f @J EmG ;EpS f aumiaf c@GaewhJ ye;f csuD m;ukd rsupf xd uJ rxuG bf ;l w?hJ ±;dk om;whJ tEyk nmqwkd m 'vD xdk ;l jcm; &iS ;f oe@fay:viG wf ,wf ?hJ usaemwf @dku ye;f csjDyce;f }u;D t0i0f rmS aumi;f usKd ;taxaG xeG @J c|eaf pjrapaom/ a'gi;f t;dk wa0a0e@J weG af p uapaom q+dky;D q&m}u;D tb;dk ociuf ,dk af wmrf id_ ;f &@J 6 ay 4 ay ye;f csuD m;}u;D udk ('gvn;f uodk ed ;f Eidk &f J vu&f m) cswd qf qJG i,f if &ijfyif aqmi;f aEmS i;f a'gi;f tvH qwkd m awmi;f yewf yhJ 0gjzL r[wk bf ;l a[h æ ayg@? 'rD mS wif q&m=unaf tmiuf “uvdk rG ;f q&m}u;D yukH a&;xm;wm aumi;f vudk wf mumG ”w?hJ “wcyk ”J w?hJ “bm vqJ &m”ayg?h “aumi;f usKd ;taxaG xeG @J c|eaf pjrapaom r[wk zf ;l u@JG/ c|eaf pjrap apmrS reS wf ,?f cjkrejfref jyejfyif a&;cidk ;f ygvm;? E@dkr@dk&if vil ,af wG trwS vf GJ t,l vGJEkdifw,f”wJh? usaemfhrSm ukdodef;Ekdifukd tylwjyif;&Sm/ armifeDOD;wkd@ukd tusdK; ta=umi;f ajymjy? u,dk uhf ,dk uf ,dk f nnhH zhH si;f zsi;f uAsma&;orl eS ;f 0ecf &H awmwh ,?f tcr;f tem;ukd pmqadk wmaf e@ txrd ;f trwS f +yKd iyf pJG mrrl sm;udk qck s;D jri‡ whf hJ tptD pOef @Jpygw,?f tarrm/ q&m=un/f q&muwdk @dk qrk sm;cs;D jri‡ ahf y;=uygw,?f taru ri;f y;l q&mawmf b&k m;}u;D &@J Zmwaf wm}fu;D q,bf @JGukd cs;D yyal Zmf a[m ajymygw,f? jrefrmpum;ajy ta&;tom;/ tzGJ@tEGJ@/ tajy tacsm opfvGif vmra_ w/G pum;ajyt&mrmS ri;f y;l q&mawmbf &k m;}u;D &@J pum;ajyta&;tom;/ pum;y&,d m,f ºu,0f whJ jrerf mr_ ajympum;/ a&;pum;/ 0pEvM umF &/ Oyar&/ a=umif;usdK;qifjcifwifjyyHkawGukd aphaphiHkiHk jynfhjynfhpHkpHk ppfykdif;cGJjcm;jyygw,f? =unEf ;l ywD jdzpjfyw,?f &wem tppf treS uf dk rwS af usmuwf ijfyw,?f jrerf mpum; ajyudk ±udk sKd ;jyw,?f a0\\E&W mbmvbJ ,vf /J ZZl um bmvbJ ,vf ?J t'J g ri;f y;l q&mawmf O;D =obmo&@J ay&uG af y:u pum;ajy tEok ck rk r[wk vf m;w?hJ uJ æ b,of al wG tvJ dk pO;f pm;cpH m; ±j_rif csO;f uyf avvh m qn;f y;l o;kH oyf a0zecf hJ ygov?J usaemrhf mS yg;pytf a[mi;f om;/ ig bmrS royd gvm;/ road o;ygvm;/ ig 217

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{nchf vH ukd &f v@kd tbu tm;emaew,?f }uKd wipf pD Orf r_ &cdS vhJ @kd tbu usaemuhf kd tjypfwifygw,f? tarwdk@vnf; c%avmufem;+yD; c&D;quf=ujyefw,f? t'J D wkef;u tareJ@twlygvmwJh pma&;q&mawGuawmh usaemfav;pm;cspfcifcJh orl sm;jzpyf gw,?f owl @kduawmh tar/ q&m=unaf tmi/f q&mO;D uakd v; (ti;f 0 *%k &f n)f / q&mO;D apmviG /f q&marmirf ;kd ol / nyD ak v;e@J q&mr EEk &k nf (ti;f 0) w@kdtjyif usaemrf owd hJ {nohf nf 2 a,mu/f 3 a,muvf n;f yg ygao;w,?f usaemjhfcoH @kd tarw@kdtz@JGvmvncf +hJy;D &uof wW 2 ywf 3 ywaf vmurf mS usaemfhudk axmufvSrf;a&;u vmzrf;ygw,f? udpPuawmh tarwdk@eJ@rqdkifyg? usaemwf @kd ajratmuEf idk if aH &; vy_ &f mS ;rt_ z@JGrS &aJ bmwf a,mu&f @J pn;f ur;f csKd ; azmurf a_ =umihf &eof ul o&d odS mG ;+y;D tzr;f cvH ukd &f w,?f tzr;f c&H pOuf rrd ed @J roufqdkifolawGudk zrf;qD;cH&rSm/ tppfaq;cH=u&rSm tpdk;&drfqkH;yg? aemufqkH; ppaf =uma&;+y;D v@kd ti;f ped af xmiaf &murf yS J rrd ed @Jrouqf ikd wf ohJ al wG tzr;f rc&H b;l qwkd m ovd ukd &f rS en;f en;f pwd af t;omG ;w,?f jyevf wG vf mawmvh n;f ppaf q; jci;f rc=H u&b;l qwkd movd @kd pwd af ygoh mG ;w,?f usaemwf @kdukd ±;Hk wif w&m;pwJG m rvkyfygbl;? 10 (u) eJ@wdkufydwfxm;w,f? 1988 / *sLvdkif 15 &ufrSmawmh jyevf wG af y;vukd yf gw,?f t'J tD csed uf rqvpptf p;kd &qe@fusiaf &; vy_ &f mS ;ra_ wuG Eikd if eH @Jt0e;f jzpaf ecsed ef @vJ n;f wukd qf ikd af eygw,?f txed ;f ord ;f c&H mrS vwG af jrmuvf mc+Jhy;D aemuf usaemf &rS ;f jynof @kdjyevf m cyhJ gw,?f jyeaf &mu+yf ;D aemurf mS vn;f ppaf xmuvf rS ;f a&;aw&G @J apmi=hfunchf aH e&r_ uawmh caH e&qjJ zpwf ,?f u,kd vf yk pf &m&wdS m quvf yk zf @kdq;Hk jzwcf whJ ,?f +crH mS wywaf vmuef m;+y;D usaem&hf @JZmwad jrjzpwf hJ tnmaus;vuuf rcd ixf H txed ;f odrf;cH&mu jyefvGwfvm+yDjzpfwJhta=umif; owif;ay;zdk@ &Srf;jynfu jyefqif; vmcJhw,f? rEWav;udk jzwfoef;oGm;&wmjzpfvdk@ xkH;pHtwdkif; vlxkwdkufodk@ omG ;a&muuf m tare@J bnkd Kd ukd 0iaf &muEf w_ qf ucf whJ ,?f taruusaemuf akd w@Gawmh “ri;f b,af ysmuaf ewmvæJ raw@Gwm=um +y?D +cvH yk if e;f aumtqiaf jyvm;” v@kd ar;jre;f ygw,?f usaemvf n;f jzppf Otf csKd @ukd tusOf;csKH;+yD;ajymjyygw,f? 'Dwacguf tarqD0ifE_wfqufwJhtcg xl;jcm;wm wck&cdS whJ ,?f taru usaemfukd pma&;ygvh m;vd@k wkdufwGe;f ygw,?f usaemfu uAsmwcsKd @awmah &;jzpyf gw,vf @kdajymvukd f rwd ,?f taruqu+fy;D tcyk gvm;v@kd ar;ygw,?f 'vD ekd @Jusaemrfh mS ygvmcwhJ hJ uAsm 3 y'k uf kd tarujkd y=unyhf gw,?f tar[m uAsmawGudk taotcsmzwf=unfhygw,f? pum;vkH; tokH;tE_ef; awuG jkdyiaf y;w,?f owyf tHk rmS ;awaG wmif jyiaf y;vukd af o;w,?f +y;D awmh tar 234

ajymwmu “ ri;f uAsmawuG ppd paf &;ujkdzw&f rmS qakd wmh r*Z~ i;f xyJ gz@kdrv,G bf ;l / 'gayrhJ pdwfrysufe@J/ qufa&;yg” vdk@ajym+yD; pum;ajya&;zdk@vnf; wdkufwGef;chyJ g ao;w,f? tarukd av;pm;wmawxG rJ mS 'vD tkd ao;tzaJG v;awuG p+y;D *±wk pukd f oif=um;jyoay;wwfwJh tarh apwemav;awGvnf; ygw,f? tar[m taumi;f q;Hk oi=f um;jyoay;o/l taumi;f q;Hk vr;f !e$ jf yoay;ojl zpwf ,vf @kd usaemfwdk@t&ifu aemifawmfawG/ q&mawGuajymqdkch=J uwm 'ga=umifh jzpfyg vrd rhf ,?f 'tD csuuf kd =unjhfci;f tm;jzihf tar[m vil ,af wuG kd w;kd wujfrirhf m; apcsiwf ,qf wkd hJ apemt&i;f caH =umijhfzpwf ,qf wkd m b,of rl rS jii;f Eikd yf gb;l ? usaemf 0ixf uG of mG ;vmaewm EpS tf csdK@&cdS ahJ yr,hf taru usaemuhf kd &Srf;jynfZmwdvdk@yJxifaeykH&w,f? 'Dwacguf usaemfhZmwd&Gmjyefr,fvdk@ajymrS taru “rif; b,fZmwdvJ” ar;ygw,f? usaemfhZmwdajymjyawmh taru “t'J &D mG u tarth b;kd / tazw@kd&@JZmw&d mG e@Je;D eaD v;y/J tcxk d tarw@kdaqrG sKd ;awG t'J &D mG rmS &adS ewek ;f y”J w?hJ +y;D awmh b,of al wuG kd ovd m;/ b,0f gawuG okd vd m; pojzifhar;ygw,f? tJ'Dae@u tarudkE_wfqufyD; usaemf[m &efatmifref; um;*wd bf uuf kd ajcO;D vnS vhf ukd yf gawmwh ,?f usaem[f m tnmu Zmw&d mG av;rmS wywaf vmuf rcd ief @Jtwal ec+hJy;D &rS ;f jynof @kd jyewf uvf mcwhJ ,?f xtkd csed uf jynwf iG ;f rmS rqvtp;kd &qe@fusiaf &; vy_ &f mS ;ra_ w/G qEjNyra_ wuG ae&mwumrmS ay:xuG pf ðyaeyg+y?D rqv qe@fusiaf &; pmapmif pmwr;f aw/G a=unmcsuaf w/G owi;f pmawG (jynof al wuG ,kd wf ikd f xwk f whJ owi;f pm) u ae&mtE@HSrmS yvyl s/H ysH @E@HSaew,?f t'J uD mvrmS xi&f mS ;whJ owi;f pmawuG awmh trd af wm&f m/ *VKeef /D ta&;awmyf /Hk owi;f pmawjGzp=fu+y;D / &pS af v;v;Hk owi;f pme@J THE CAll (ceG ;f qiohf )H owi;f pmawuG akd wmh &pS af v; vkH;ta&;awmfykH twGif;rSm xkwfa0cJh=uygw,f? owif;pmawG&J@oufwrf;u awmh puwf ibf m 18 &uf e0w tm%mord ;f +y;D whJ txyd J ouqf ;kd &nS cf yhJ gw,?f t'J oD wi;f pmawuG usaemaf ew&hJ rS ;f jynuf +rKd @uav;txd ysH @E@HSygw,?f usaemwf @kd+rKd@uav;u ausmi;f om;vil ,af weG @J0exf r;f wcsLd @&@J rqvqe@fusiaf &; qEjN yyaJG wuG kd &pS af v;v;Hk &uf ausmcf +hJy;D rS vyk Ef ikd cf yhJ gw,?f qEjN y w&m;a[myJG awrG mS q&kd if yvk yd tf &m&tdS csKd @uvn;f rqv qe@fusiaf &; w&m;a[majymae wmaw@Gjricf &hJ w,?f usaemufh akd wmh axmuvf rS ;f a&;u aus;&mG v}lu;D wa,muf xm;+y;D apmi=hfunchf ikd ;f ygw,?f usaemuf awmh jcrH mS aevukd f jrKd @xyJ rHk eS of mG ;vukd f vmvdkufvkyfae&if; ausmif;om;rsm;twGuf vdktyfwJhtultnDay; 0dkif;&Hwm 235

avmuyf vJ yk cf yhJ gw,?f usaemhf tbuawmh usaemuf ,kd wf ikd f ta0;o@kdromG ;beJ @J oul ,kd wf ikd f omG ;p&m&wdS mawuG kd aqmi±f uG af y;wwyf gw,?f tx;l ojzihf rEaW v; u&aJ bmrf sm;e@J quof ,G af y;w,?f usaemahf e&mrmS vðHkcaH &;raumi;f &if rEaW v; ukd qi;f vmczhJ @dk &aJ bmrf sm;u t}u^H m%af y;ygw,?f 'vD ekd @Jusaem[f m (8) vyikd ;f 13 &uaf e@rmS yJ rEaW v;uqkd i;f vmcyhJ gw,?f (6) usaemrf E@Wav;uakd &muaf wmh usaemwhf @kd&aJ bmaf wG 0iaf &muvf yk uf ikd af e whJ &pS af v;v;Hk owi;f pmwiG f 0if a&muvf yk uf ikd af pygw,?f &aJ bmrf sm;u wcgw&H taw@Gt}uK&H &adS p&ef &n±f ,G cf suef @J owl @kde@Jtwl owi;f ,wl m/ tiwf mAsL;vyk f wm pwhJ vyk if e;f rsm; vyk uf ikd wf ahJ e&mawuG kd ac:omG ;wwaf v&h ydS gw,?f ta&;awmyf uHk mvtwiG ;f u &pS af v;v;Hk owi;f pm[m tjcm;owi;f pm awvG ykd J tav;ay;zw±f =_uwhJ owi;f pmwapmijfzpcf whJ ,?f 'oD wi;f pmu vxl k wukd yf uJG kd pn;f &;Hk v@H_aqmaf y;w,?f vxl wk ukd yf uJG kd a&mijfye[f yaf y;Eikd cf whJ ,?f 'g a=umifh 'Dowif;pm[m apmifa&rsm;rsm; &dkufESdyfjzef@a0cJh&w,f? txl;ojzifh &pS af v;v;Hk owi;f pm&@J acgi;f }u;D [m wukd yf 0JG iuf mv&@J aºu;a=umof uH kd r;D armi;f x;kd ay;aeovkd wukd yf uJG vkd n;f vr;f !e$ rf a_ y;Eikd cf whJ ,?f owi;f pm acgi;f }u;D [m ta&;awmyf uHk mvtwiG ;f rmS a&;[etf opef @Ja&;z@JGw,?f wakd wmi;f aomvf n;f uspvf spof yd of n;f w,?f yprf wS uf kd wnwhf nrhf eS af tmif ypEf ikd wf ,?f 'gawuG awmh ta&;awmyf uHk mvtwiG ;f u xuG af y:vmwhJ owi;f pmwapmi&f @J t&ntf ao;G e@Jt&ntf csi;f aumi;f reG rf j_ zpwf ,?f &aJ bmrf sm;&@J rwd qf uaf y;rt_ & owi;f pm acgi;f }u;D ukd tar a&;om;wmqwkd movd ukd &f awmh usaemjfzihf =unnf Kd av;pm; v@kdukd rq;Hk Eikd af wmyh g? xtkd csed uf xwk af 0cwhJ hJ THE CAll (ceG ;f qiohf )H owi;f pm[m rEaW v; oywd wf yaf ygi;f puk xwk af 0wohJ wi;f pm jzpyf gw,?f 1988 cEk pS f puwf ibf m (18) &uaf e@ nae (4) em&D rmS awmh ppwf yuf tm%mord ;f vukd af =umi;f a&',D Ekd iS hf &yk jfriof =Hum;awuG wqihf a=unmygw,?f jrKd @awaG y:rmS qEjNyra_ wuG y+kdy;D jyi;f xevf mw,?f tcsKd @ae&mawrG mS ypcf wrf a_ wG vn;f jzpaf y:aew,?f 'oD wi;f =um;awmh tjyirf mS xuG +fy;D vy_ &f mS ;aewuhJ saemwf @kd vnf; tarhxHoGm;a&mu+fyD; pka0;cJh=uw,f? tarh&J@ pma&;wJhpm;yGJa&S@rSmyJ 236

usaemef @J &aJ bmwf a,mutf jyif ti;f 0u uAsmq&m}u;D 2a,muEf iS hf pma&;q&m rwa,muwf @kd[m pwd vf urf =unrf ome@Jrwwf w&f yaf e=uw,?f tx;l ojzihf ppwf yuf tm%mord ;f yukd vf ukd wf thJ ay: pwd wf akd 'goxuG af ewhJ rsuEf mS ay;awuG u,kd pf rD suEf mS rmS ay:viG af eygw,?f taruawmh tajctaeukd ce@freS ;f wuG cf suf xm;ryd &Hk w,?f +ird of uaf ewhJ tajctaeukd taruyJ pwi+fy;D pum;pajymvukd f ygw,?f “'aD umiaf wG tm%m tue@ftowrf &dS ord ;f yukd Ef ikd wf ,/f e,af wuG kd oGm;wJh qufoG,fa&;vrf;awGvnf; jywfawmufaew,f? a&S@xGufxm;wJhol aweG @J ay:viG xf i&f mS ;wohJ al wuG tcuk wn;f u a&mS ixf m;oiwhf ,?f jyiqf iof ihf wmawG jyiqf ixf m;oiwhf ,?f wjynvf ;Hk +ird of uof mG ;&if val wuG kd vukd zf r;f Eikd wf ,?f 'uD ae+y;D aemuqf wk of iwhf ,”f q+kdy;D ajymygw,?f usaemwf @kdvn;f u,kd fh xijfrif ,ql csuaf wuG akd jymjy=uw,?f +y;D awmh tarth rd f uae+y;D vpl ck JG vukd =fu w,f? usaemfeJ@ tif;0u uAsmq&m}uD;wa,mufwdk@u rEWav; ta&S@jyif/ a&eaD jrmi;f ab;u pyH ,jfc&H wdS thJ rd wf trd rf mS 2 &uaf vmucf akd tmi;f ae+y;D to;D oD;vrf;cGJvdkuf=uw,f? 11 vyikd ;f a&muaf wmh tajctaeuakd xmu+fy;D &rS ;f jynuf jkdyewf uf vm w,?f &rS ;f jynrf mS yJ w&movD ;Hk b,uf rkd S tomG ; tvmrvyk bf J +cvH yk if e;f xrJ mS yJ tm&kHpdkufxm;rdw,f? 'Dw&moDrSmawmh *sLHeJ@ =uufoGefjzLyJpdkufygw,f? oD;ESH ord ;f +y;D csed f (3) vyikd ;f tuek rf mS awmh usaem[f m tnmu rcd iqf jDyeof mG ;cwhJ ,?f tcsdK@EdkifiHa&; vkyfazmfudkifzufrsm;u olwdk@wnfaxmifxm;whJ EdkifiHa&;ygwDrsm; twiG ;f 0iaf &muvf yk uf ikd af qmi&f uG zf @kd&ef ur;f vrS ;f vmygw,?f usaemf Eikd if aH &; rvyk af wmbh ;l q+kdy;D ta=umi;f jyevf ukd yf gw,?f wu,uf usaemrf mS Eikd if aH &; quf vuf vyk uf ikd af qmi&f uG zf @kd vr;f a=umi;f a±;G cs,cf +hJy;D om;jzpaf eygw,?f t'J vD r;f a=umi;f uawmh AS vr;f a=umi;f ygy?J tnmu rcd iuf Ekd w_ qf ucf +hJy;D tjyerf mS awmh usaem[f m rEaW v;u vxl wk ukd uf kd acw0W iaf &muuf m taruh kd 0i+fy;D Ew_ qf uf *g&0ðycJhao;w,f? 'Dwacgufvm+yD;E_wfquf*g&0ðycJh&wmawG[m tarrsm; twuG f aemuqf ;Hk Ew_ qf ujfci;f rjzpyf gape@Jv@kdyJ pwd xf uJ qak wmi;f aerwd ,?f usaemjfyerf ,vf yk af wmh taru “igoh m; 'wD acguf ri;f jyeqf i;f vm&if ri;f w@kda'ou =uuof eG jf zLu ar;$ w,/f tv;Hk acsmw,/f tarzh @kd0,vf may;? yukd qf ,H ol mG ;vukd ”f q+kdy;D ajymygw,?f usaemuf “ taruvn;f 0,vf may;ygr,?f ydkufqHawmhr,loGm;ao;ygbl;” qdkum tarhudkvdrfnm+yD; xGufvmcJhw,f? usaempf ;D vmwuhJ m;[m usaemaf ew+hJrKd @av;ukd c%em;+y;D ta&@St&yuf kd O;D wnf 237

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