Mega Science 1.0: Sustaining Malaysia' s Future Agriculture

Community Nutrition of Poverty Kampungs. Institute for Medical Research Bulletin No. 22,Kuala Lumpur; 65 p.MOH (2006). Annual Report 2006. Division of Family Health Development, Ministry of HealthMalaysia.MOH-UNICEF (2000). Study of nutritional status of children below 6 years. Ministry of HealthMalaysia unpublished report.Ng TKW, Tee ES & Azriman R (1995). Rural communities in nutritional transition: emergenceof obesity, hypertension and hypercholesterolemia as public health problems in threekampungs inBagan Datoh, Perak. Mal J Nutr, 1:129-139.Khor GL, Azmi MY, Tee ES, Kandiah M, Huang MSL (1999). Prevalence of overweight amongMalaysian adults from rural communities. Asia Pacific J Clin Nutr 8(4): 272-279.Lim TO, Goh BL, Zaki M, Suleiman AB, Fatimah S, Siti S, Tahir A, Maimunah AH. Distributionof body weight, height and body mass index in a national sample of Malaysian adults. Med JMal 2000; 55:108–128.Tee ES, Khor GL, Ng TKW, Zaitun Y, Chee HL, Safiah MY (1998). Nutritional assessment ofrural villages and estates in Peninsular Malaysia. III. Prevalence of anaemia. Mal J Nutr 4:1-29.WHO (1990). Diet, Nutrition and Prevention of Chronic Diseases. Report of a WHO StudyGroup. WHO Technical Report Series 797. World Health Organization, Geneva. -304-

12 APPENDIX12.1 AcknowledgmentsMembers of the Consultants Team wish to express their appreciation to the following forhaving shared their insights on the development of agriculture in the country and provideviews on its future trends for the respective commodity: i) YBhg Datuk Rosely Dato‘ Hj Khalid, Director-General of Agriculture. ii) Senior Officials of the Department of Fishery. iii) Senior Officials of FAMA. iv) Prof. Dr. Mad Nasir Shamsudin, Dean of the Faculty of Agriculture, Universiti Putra Malaysia and senior members of the Faculty. v) YM Tengku Mohd. Ariff bin Tengku Ahmad, Director Economy and Technology Management Research Centre, MARDI.Also, we wish to express our gratitude to members of the Working Committee especially itsChairman, Tan Sri Dr. Ahmad Mustaffa Babjee and the steering Committee of the Academy ofSciences Malaysia for having provided comments, and facilitated in the preparation of thevarious stages of the Inception, Interim and Final Reports of this Study. To hardworkingmembers of the secretariat To‘ Puan Fadzilah Bt. Mohd Noor, Mr. Mohammadmehdi Siberioonand Mr. Ahmad Suhaizi Mat Su, our very special thanks for having patiently making changes tothe numerous drafts before the final report emerged. Lastly, to the stakeholders in agriculturewho have participated and contributed in the workshop in further fine-tuning, particularly thefindings and recommendations of the final report. -305-

12.2 Member of Consultancy Team 1. Dato‘ Dr. Hashim B. Abdul Wahab – Agreenetts Consultants Sdn. Bhd. (Lead Consultant) 2. Dr. Larry Wong –Institute of Strategic and International Studies (ISIS) Malaysia 3. Prof. Dato‘ Dr. Makhdzir Mardan - Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 4. Prof. Dr. Mohamed Ariff B. Omar- Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 5. Prof. Ir. Dr. Mohd. Amin B. Mohd Soom -Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 6. Prof. Dr. Kuperan Viswanathan- Universiti Utara Malaysia (UUM) 7. Dr. Tee E. Siong –Tee Nutrhealth strategic consultancy 8. Dr. Hashim B. Mohd Noor – Forest Research Institute Malaysia (FRIM)Technical and Multimedia Team 1. Mohammadmehdi Siberioon - Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 2. Ahmad Suhaizi B. Mat Su - Universiti Putra Malaysia (UPM) 3. To‘ Puan Fadzilah Bt. Mohd Noor – IPG Kampus Pendidikan Islam 4. Khairul Salleh B. Md. Riffin – IDWAL Computer Systems -306-

13 INDEX Arable Land, 113 Biosteel Silk, 6 Arable Lands, 113, 118 Biotechnology, 10, 11, 23, 27, 33, 41, A Asean, 14, 16, 33, 45, 71, 141, 237, 45, 143, 190, 192, 193, 221, 246,Academy Of Sciences Malaysia, Xvi, 252, 256, 263, 265, 266, 325, 326, 281, 283 1, 268, 337 327, 328 Biovalley Initiative, 191 Atmospheric Temperature, 118, 120, Blackmore, 200, 213Agglomeration Of Fragmented 123 Boer, 73 Lands, 116 Aviation Biofuel, 262 Branding, 45 Breast-Feeding, 103Agri-Biotechnology, 23, 192 B Breeding Stock, 57, 62, 69, 72, 73,Agri-Business, 23 173, 179, 235, 258Agricultural Footprints, 20 Bananas, 36, 38, 82 Buffer ZonesAgricultural Transformation, 66 Bangau O Bangau, 21 Agroforestry, 161Agriculture And Biodiversity, 9 Beef, 48, 49, 50, 51, 54, 55, 57, 58,Agriculture Development, 4, 150, 167 CAgriculture Economist, 12 59, 60, 61, 66, 68, 70, 72, 73, 138,Agriculture Is Business, 27 176, 235, 258, 259, 301 Canopy cover, 79Agriculture Sector, 1, 4, 19, 26, 27, Bill Mckibben, 8 Capacity building, 2 Biochemistry, 227 Carbon credit program, 262 79, 87, 130, 222, 226, 236, 261, Biodiversity, 3, 11, 15, 113, 116, 117, Carbon credit program, 262 263, 333 121, 137, 143, 144, 145, 164, 167, Carbon emissions, 126Agri-Silvicultural, 81, 82 177, 178, 183, 224, 232, 233, 240, Carbon offset program, 262Agrisilviculture, 156 242, 244, 247, 250, 281, 330, 333 Carbon offset program, 262Agroecosystem, 3, 9, 120, 194, 225, Bio-Geographical Transplant Carbon redemption, 262 241, 242, 325 Rainforest Rubber, 188 Carbon sinksAgroforestry, 5, 6, 78, 79, 80, 81, 82, Biologically Based Remedies 84, 87, 145, 153, 154, 155, 156, Disease, 178 Peat wetlands, 148, 240 157, 158, 159, 162, 163, 164, 166, Biology Century’, 23 Carbon tax, 262 231, 232, 233, 333 Biopharmaceuticals, 4, 5, 6 Cess funds, 236Agro-Forestry, 12, 78, 79, 81 Bioreactors, 73 Changes in food consumptionAgrosilvipastoral, 81 Bioremediation, 5, 6, 224, 249, 267Agrotourism, 5, 45 Bioremediation, 138, 325 pattern, 104Angkor Watt, 2 Biorythmn, 120 Climate change, 3, 117, 118, 119,Antibiotic Growth Promoters Biosecurity, 70, 175 Plant Base, 170 Biosphere, 3, 194, 325 120, 124, 127, 130, 135, 138, 140,Antibiotics, 70 153, 196, 225, 227, 230, 254, 255, -307- 258, 266, 269, 302, 303

Closed-loop agriculture ecosystem Dairy products, 50, 51, 57 Exclusive economic zones, 76 Greenhouse, 257 Data pooling, 203 Expertise and showcase for Deforestation, 3, 21, 80, 127, 156Cocoa, 36, 40, 41, 44, 144, 147, 161, Delayed monsoons, 118, 120, 122 agriculture, 244 330 Designer crop, 242 Export earnings, 28, 41, 87 Diabetes mellitus, 111 Export markets, 61Coconut, 19, 29, 30, 36, 43, 83, 161, Diagnostics, 23 Export platforms, 24 163, 165, 184, 241, 253, 260, 300, Disastrous droughts, 119 Extension education, 231 325, 328, 330 Diseases, 40, 54, 71, 92, 110, 111, Extension service, 68Coffee, 35, 36, 82, 83, 123, 156, 160, 132, 136, 147, 164, 175, 177, 178, F 161, 189 184, 215, 230, 246, 271, 276, 324, 335 Farmers’ associations, 72Community forestry DNA Bar-coding Technology Feed, xvi, 4, 8, 16, 47, 48, 56, 58, 59, Durian kuning nyekak terap Inventory, 250, 323 embawang, 165 Durian, 38, 39, 166, 323 61, 69, 70, 72, 74, 75, 76, 78, 113, Forest, 165, 166 117, 125, 127, 139, 148, 149, 170, E 173, 175, 176, 177, 179, 180, 181,Connectivity, 5, 120, 145 185, 187, 193, 219, 224, 235, 236,Consumer awareness, 275 Eggs, 8, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 60, 68, 69, 241, 247, 255, 258, 259, 261, 266,Controlled-environment 70, 107, 191, 258 323, 325 Feed conversion, 61, 176 Climate change, 19, 139, 194, Elaedobius, 123, 188, 260 Feedlots, 72 196, 225, 230, 256, 257, 258 Embryo transfer, 73 Feedstuffs, 72 Employment, 11, 27, 32, 36, 44, 135, Felcra, xvi, 19, 116, 228, 229Controlled-environment agriculture, Felda, 19 138, 194 256 Felda, xvi, 19, 38, 229, 252 Energy, 9, 118, 141, 289, 325, 335 Felicity, 4, 237, 261Convention on international trade of Energy crops Fertigation, 91, 130, 140 endangered species, 77 Fibre, 4, 9, 16, 42, 107, 110, 117, Jatropha rubber non-edible, 141, 125, 139, 151, 219, 237, 261Convention on the biological 142, 153 First malaya development plan, 43 diversity, 77 First national agricultural policy, 44 Engine of growth, 22, 27, 33, 47, 65, Fisheries production, 75, 76Convivialism, 16, 266, 270 222, 229 Consumption, 75Cosgrove and rijsberman, 131 Fishery and aquaculture, 12, 75Crops, 12, 36, 43, 146, 147, 167, 246, Enhancing the biodiversity, 244 Environmental management, 61, 68, 248, 249, 252, 259, 261, 298, 305, 323, 325, 328 69, 71, 182Cycle-loop production systems, 8 Epidemiological, 92, 111 D -308-Dairy, 74, 75

Floating villages, 3 From farm to plate Halal slaughtering, 70Food, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11, 14, 15, 16, 17, Food traceability, 69, 178 Halal technology, 327 Health, 9, 92, 94, 95, 96, 97, 100, 18, 22, 23, 25, 26, 33, 36, 41, 42, From seed to shelf’, 33 43, 44, 47, 55, 59, 60, 61, 65, 66, From-field-to-flatulence, 6 101, 103, 111, 118, 142, 215, 216, 67, 68, 69, 70, 78, 80, 81, 82, 83, From-gate-to-plate, 6 217, 276, 277, 278, 284, 285, 297, 87, 88, 91, 98, 103, 104, 105, 106, Fruit garden, 81 298, 300 107, 108, 110, 113, 117, 118, 120, Fuel, 4, 16, 117, 125, 139, 141, 142, Herbs 124, 131, 135, 136, 139, 141, 142, Tongkat ali kacip fatimah misai 144, 145, 147, 149, 150, 151, 153, 146, 153, 213, 219, 237, 260, 261, 156, 157, 159, 162, 163, 164, 166, 262, 264, 323, 325 kucing, 6, 17, 18, 35, 41, 42, 169, 170, 173, 175, 177, 178, 179, Furniture, 4, 113, 117, 125, 139, 237, 142, 144, 152, 163, 170, 296, 180, 181, 185, 186, 190, 191, 194, 325 323 215, 216, 217, 219, 220, 221, 223, Future nutritional, 271 High-value crops, 23 224, 225, 232, 236, 239, 240, 249, Holstein-friesian, 62 253, 254, 256, 257, 258, 259, 261, G Homegardens, 79, 160, 163, 164 263, 266, 269, 270, 271, 272, 273, Homeostatic balance, 120 275, 276, 277, 278, 281, 323, 325, Gardner, 22 Human capital in agriculture, 264 335 GDP, xvi, 3, 8, 30, 63, 250Food availability, 109 Genetic engineering, 143 IFood balance sheet, 104 Genetically modified organisms, 23Food nutrition, 11, 281 Genomics, 41, 60, 63, 226, 242, 244, Ict, 10, 11, 23, 27, 33, 65, 127, 196,Food safety, 11, 169, 178, 224, 281 209, 213, 214, 220, 221, 227, 242,Food security, 15, 18, 69, 131, 179, 246, 248, 249, 252, 253, 278 244, 267, 268, 281, 328, 332 249, 261, 266 Genomics and Genome EngineeringFood security Inclusive, 14, 259 Breeding, 179, 330 Molecular breeding, 143 Inclusiveness, 3, 14, 259Food security, 266 GERD, 63, 64, 65 Indigenous knowledge, 17, 333Food-borne illness GIS, 89, 196, 197, 198, 210, 213, 268 Institutional framework, 2 Research, 177, 181 Globalization, 5, 60, 155 Integrated farming practices, 79Foresight analysis, 68 GMO, 242 Intensive-land utilization, 117Forest cover, 78 GNSS, 89, 197, 213 Iodine deficiency disorders, 102Forest farming, 81 Government agencies, 63, 65, 72, Irrigation modernization, 130Frgs, 236Friesian-sahiwal, 62 229, 231, 272 J Green house gas emissions, 72 Jamnapari, 73 H Japanese Encephalitis, 49 Halal food hub, 45 -309-

Jersey, 62, 74 Mechanization and automation, 68, NJohnson, 22 173, 258Johnston-Mellor, 22 Nanotechnology, 10, 11, 23, 281Jonathan Foley, 117 Medicinal herbs, 42 Nano-technology, 33 Mega science framework, 1 Nap 2, 44 K Mehta and gambiar, 171 Nap 3, 44 Mekong river, 20 National agricultural policies, 43K- Agriculture, 226 Metabolites National beef cattle breeding centreKatjang goats, 62, 247Kedah-Kelantan cattle, 62, 86, 247 Herbs, 40, 41, 42, 152 in muadzam shah, pahang, 57Knowledge personnel, 68 Microbiology, 23 National beef feedlot centre inKolej Pertanian, 228 Micronutrient deficiencies, 102 Milk, 5, 41, 47, 48, 50, 51, 53, 54, 58, gemas, 57 L National genome centre, 254 60, 62, 68, 74, 75, 106, 176, 179, National genome institute andLabeling 184, 191, 252, 258, 273 Standards, 169, 279 Ministry of agriculture and agro- institute of agriculture and based industry, 27, 295 biology, 191Land ownership, 15, 116 Ministry of health, 94, 111, 292 National health and morbidityLand tenureship, 66 Mixed energy policy, 142 surveys, 92, 216, 277Land use, 32, 78, 79, 116, 117, 209, Asean, 141 National land registry, 67 Molecular breeding, 6, 140, 143, National mission, 26 241, 268 191, 192, 196, 226, 242, 248, 249, National science adviser, 237Land-use systems, 80, 88 251, 252, 253, 254, 327 Neutraceuticals, 6, 142, 191Livestock, 12, 28, 30, 45, 46, 47, 48, Molecular breeding, 244 New agriculture, 5, 8, 22, 27, 192, Molecular breeding, 242, 246, 248, 280 49, 51, 52, 57, 68, 74, 182, 185, 323 New economic model, 8, 10, 226, 247, 287, 294 Monoculture farming system 280Livestock management, 68 Agroforestry, 144 New economic policy, 43Logical Framework Analysis, 330 Monoculture production, 88 Ninth malaysia plan, 22, 26, 36, 63 Mosher, 22 Nitrogen fixation, 79 M Mpob, xvi, 228, 229, 235, 237, 245, Noah’s ark, 2, 325 250, 252, 286, 301 Nutrition, 61Mango, 38, 40, 123, 151 Mutton, 6, 48, 49, 50, 51, 57, 68, 70, Nutrition intervention, 272Marco polo, 2 72, 258 Nutritional status, 91, 92, 97, 98Mardi, xvi, 39, 228, 229, 230, 235, Mutton, 36, 46, 49, 72, 73 237, 268, 282, 289, 302, 337 -310-

O population Remote-sensing, 227, 268 carbon emission global warming, Roadmap, 1, 219Obesity, 91, 99, 100, 101, 110, 111, 2, 4, 16, 17, 18, 26, 36, 49, 54, Roadmap, 10, 168, 297 271 56, 58, 71, 78, 80, 92, 98, 105, Robotics, 213 110, 111, 113, 114, 124, 138, Roof-top gardening, 256Ocean acidification, 118 145, 146, 149, 166, 215, 224, Rubber, xvi, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 35,Oil palm, 19, 20, 32, 33, 37, 38, 40, 225, 226, 227, 234, 241, 252, 254, 255, 264, 265, 266, 267, 37, 45, 141, 165, 189, 236, 245, 44, 58, 66, 72, 78, 79, 82, 83, 84, 271, 276, 277, 282 249, 261, 286, 300, 301, 304, 323, 85, 86, 90, 116, 123, 127, 138, 326, 328 141, 144, 147, 148, 149, 150, 153, pork, 48, 49, 50, 60, 68, 71, 280 Rugs, 236 157, 158, 161, 162, 163, 165, 167, Poultry, 69 Rural-urban migration, 114, 224 188, 192, 207, 220, 221, 229, 235, 236, 241, 242, 245, 246, 248, 249, demand, 69 S 251, 252, 253, 258, 259, 260, 262, poultry meat, 48, 50, 55, 59, 68, 69, 263, 265, 266, 267, 268, 285, 291, Salak, 165 292, 294, 304, 323, 324, 325, 327, 70, 258 Schultz, 22 328, 330, 333, 335 Precision Agriculture, 89, 196, 248, Science roadmapOrganic matter, 79, 134, 154, 164, 184 332 New animal product, 297Overnutrition, 96, 97, 271, 272 Precision Farming, 12, 88, 89, 200, Science, technology and innovationOverweight, 91, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, 100, 101 213 (ST&I), 1Ozone depletion, 118 private sector, 44, 45, 49, 59, 63, 64, Second industrial master plan, 87 Self-sufficiency, 44, 48, 50, 59, 68 P 65, 66, 67, 69, 87, 169, 214 Sensor system Productivity, 61, 248, 297, 328papaya, 38, 39, 40, 151 Soil water crop yield, 197paradigm shift, 60 R Sequencing and mapping, 251, 253Permanent Food Parks, 66 Serdang agropolis hub, 237Peter H. Gleick, 140 R&D programmes, 67 Shifting cultivation, 16, 17, 79, 80,phararmaceuticals, 4 Rainfall harvesting, 131Pierce and Nowak, 201 Rainforest, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 40, 114, 156, 166pineapple, 19, 38, 39, 78, 83, 151, Shifting cultivation, 114 116, 120, 143, 163, 167, 188, 189, Silvipastoral, 81, 84, 157 156, 323 242, 245, 246, 250, 251, 259, 323, Skilled workers, 68Policy Framework, 65 327 Smallholders, 19, 36, 40, 67, 72, 88,pollination efficacy, 120, 123 Rambutan, 38, 123, 159 Razaksat, 198 116, 158, 165, 167, 232, 233, 300, Reduce pathogens 301 Husbandry, 175 -311-

Socio-demographic, 91 Traditional agriculture, 16 Vision 2020, 10, 66, 264Soil degradation, 80, 164, 209 Training of future farmers, 230 Vitamin a, 102Sound scientific data, 276 Transboundary animal Vrt, 206Starfruit, 38, 40, 123, 151, 323Strategic foresight study, 10 Avian influenza, 171 WStrategic thrusts, 11, 281 Transgenic crops, 249Supermarkets, 23, 220 Transgenic insertion, 5, 248, 250, WasteSupply chain and trading network, 23 Animal environment, 71, 75, 117,Supply chain management 324 173, 174, 175, 176, 179, 181, 182, 183, 185, 186, 194, 257 Trading market, 219, 220, 221 USupply chains, 10, 11, 23, 33, 60, Waste handling UNCLOS, 76, 77 Multi-diciplinary approach, 71, 193, 219, 220, 221, 248, 262, 280, Undernutrition, 94, 95, 97, 98, 110, 174, 179 281Sustainable agriculture, 11, 16, 44, 271, 272 Waste management, 72 144, 150, 191, 199, 245, 254, 260, Underweight, 94, 95, 96, 97, 98, 99, Water, 9, 18, 118, 127, 134, 135, 263, 281Sustainable development, 3, 269 100, 101 138, 139, 149, 210, 224, 261, 266,Sweet potato, 42 United Nations Convention on the 327System of rice intensification, 132 Water conservation, 79, 267 Law of the Sea, 76 Water footprints, 138, 139, 230, 262, T UPM, 212 270 UPM,, 228, 230, 237, 268, 290 Water scarcity, 21, 127, 266Taungya system, 80 Urban Agriculture, 114, 324 Water use technology, 244Technological innovations, 60, 226, Urbanization, 24, 208, 254 Water wastage, 129 Wehab initiative, 9 236, 241, 269 V Well-being, 4Technology transfer, 234The second malaya plan, 43 Vaccines ZTimmer, 22 Disease plant base production,Tony allan, 138 176 Zebu, 62, 74Total calorie intake, 106 Production, 246 Zoonotic diseases, 60Total energy intake, 106Total protein intake, 107 Vegetables, 41Traceability, 8, 70, 127, 178, 196, Vegetables, 35, 36, 37, 46 Vertical farming, 114, 224 269, 332 Vertical farming, 256 Vertical integration Contract farming, 173 Virtual water, 138 -312-

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