Lessons from the Course: A Description of the Prophet’s ()ﷺ Prayer From the book: “Sifat Salat An-Nabi” by Sheikh Al-Albani
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Table of Contents Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 5 Description of the Correct Wudoo’...................................................................................... 6 Obligatory parts of Wudoo’ ........................................................................................................6 Mustahabb parts of Wudoo’........................................................................................................7 Clothing of Women in Salah ............................................................................................... 9 Conditions of Prayer ......................................................................................................... 11 Conditions for the Validity of Prayer ..........................................................................................11 Pillars and Obligatory Parts of Prayer............................................................................... 12 The 14 Pillars of Prayer ..............................................................................................................12 The 8 Obligatory Parts of Prayer................................................................................................13 Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer: Lessons ............................................................. 15 Lesson 1.....................................................................................................................................16 The Perfection of Ablution (Isbagh al-wudoo’)..................................................................................... 16 Facing the Ka’abah .............................................................................................................................. 16 While Traveling ................................................................................................................................... 16 Lesson 2.....................................................................................................................................17 The Intention (an-Niyyah).................................................................................................................... 17 Standing (Qiyaam)............................................................................................................................... 17 The Prayer of a Sick Person in the Sitting Position................................................................................ 17 Standing & Sitting during the voluntary (nafil) Night Prayer................................................................. 18 The Prayer of a Sick Person (or one that is unable to stand) in a Sitting Position .................................. 19 Lesson 3.....................................................................................................................................20 Praying while Wearing Shoes............................................................................................................... 20 Praying towards a Sutra (Barrier)......................................................................................................... 20 Lesson 4.....................................................................................................................................22 The Takbeer (Saying: ‘Allahu Akbar’) ................................................................................................... 22 Raising the Hands ................................................................................................................................ 22 Placing the hands & How it should be done ......................................................................................... 23 Lesson 5.....................................................................................................................................25 Humility & Attentiveness (al-Khushoo’) & Looking at the Place of Prostration ..................................... 25 Lesson 6.....................................................................................................................................27 The Opening Supplication (Du’aa Al-Istftah) ........................................................................................ 27 Opening Supplications for the Night Prayers........................................................................................ 28 English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 6....................................................................29 The Opening Supplication (Du’aa Al-Istftah) ........................................................................................ 29 Opening Supplications of the Voluntary Night Prayer .......................................................................... 30 Lesson 7.....................................................................................................................................31 Recitation............................................................................................................................................ 31 The Recitation after al-Fatihah ............................................................................................................ 33 Reciting aloud & reciting quietly in the Five Prayers and Nafilah.......................................................... 33 Lesson 8.....................................................................................................................................35 The Recitation (al-Qiraa’ah)................................................................................................................. 35 Recitation in the sunnah prayer before Fajr ......................................................................................... 35 2
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Recitation in the sunnah prayer after Maghrib .................................................................................... 36 Recitation during Witr prayer .............................................................................................................. 36 The command of reciting the Quran beautifully................................................................................... 36 Seeking Refuge & Spitting Lightly during Prayer in order to Repel Temptation (wiswaas) .................... 36 Lesson 9.....................................................................................................................................37 Bowing (Ar-Rukoo’) ............................................................................................................................. 37 How the Bowing (Rukoo’) is performed ............................................................................................... 37 The Obligation of Tranquillity whilst Bowing ....................................................................................... 37 Supplications when Bowing (Rukoo’)................................................................................................... 38 Prolonging the Bowing (Rukoo’) .......................................................................................................... 38 English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 9....................................................................39 Supplications of Bowing (Rukoo’) ........................................................................................................ 39 Lesson 10...................................................................................................................................40 Straightening up from the Rukoo' & what to say during it.................................................................... 40 What to Say while Straightening from the Rukoo’ ............................................................................... 40 Prolonging the Standing (after rukoo’) and being tranquil during it ..................................................... 41 Lesson 11...................................................................................................................................43 As- Sujood (Prostration) ...................................................................................................................... 43 Going Down into Sajdah on the Hands................................................................................................. 43 The Obligation to be at Ease in Sujood................................................................................................. 44 Going down into Sujood (Prostration): Hands first or Knees first?........................................................ 46 Lesson 12...................................................................................................................................47 Athkar As-Sujood................................................................................................................................. 47 English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 12..................................................................49 Supplications of Sujood ....................................................................................................................... 49 Supplications in Voluntary Night Prayer Sujood: .................................................................................. 49 Lesson 13...................................................................................................................................50 Rising from Sujood (Prostration)......................................................................................................... 50 The Obligation of Being at Ease between the Two Sajdahs.................................................................. 50 The Athkaar between the two Sajdah ................................................................................................. 50 The Second Sajdah.............................................................................................................................. 51 The Sitting of Rest ............................................................................................................................... 51 Supporting Oneself with the Hands on Rising for the Next Rak’ah ...................................................... 51 English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 13.................................................................52 The Athkaar between the two Sajdahs ................................................................................................ 52 Lesson 14...................................................................................................................................53 The First Tashahhud ............................................................................................................................ 53 Moving the Right Index Finger in Testimony of Faith (Tashahhud) ....................................................... 53 The Obligation of the First Tashahhud ................................................................................................. 54 How to say the Tashahhud .................................................................................................................. 54 Standing up for the Third, and then the Fourth, Rak'ah........................................................................ 57 Lesson 15...................................................................................................................................58 The Final Tashahhud & The Obligation of this Tashahhud .................................................................... 58 The Obligation of Seeking Refuge from four things before Supplicating ............................................... 58 Supplication before Tasleem & its various types.................................................................................. 60 English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 15.................................................................62 Supplications before the Tasleem ........................................................................................................ 62 Lesson 16...................................................................................................................................64 At-Tasleem .......................................................................................................................................... 64 3
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project The Conclusion..........................................................................................................................64 Does the woman differ from the man in some postures of prayer?...................................................... 64 General differences between men & women in prayer ........................................................................ 66 4
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������✏ Description of the Prophet's ﷺPrayer Introduction ������The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: “Pray as you have seen me praying.” [al-Bukhari] ������ He ﷺobligated us to copy him in his prayer… ������ He ﷺalso gave good tidings to whoever prayed like him, that such a person has a covenant with Allah that He will enter him into Jannah, as he ﷺsaid: ������ “Allah, the Exalted and Sublime, has made five prayers compulsory. If anyone performs ablution well for them, offers them at their right times, and observes perfectly their bowing and submissiveness in them, he has a guarantee from Allah that He will forgive him; but he who does not do so, has no guarantee from Allah: if He wishes, He may forgive him if He wills or He will punish him if He wills” [Sahih Abu Dawud] ������ So when we know this… it becomes clear to us the importance of Prayer in Islam; and the reward, grace and respect awaiting those who establish and perform it well; and that depends on its resemblance to the Prophet's prayer ﷺ ������ This is what he ﷺindicated in his saying: “Verily the slave prays a prayer of which nothing is written down for him except a tenth, ninth, eighth, seventh, sixth, fifth, quarter, third or half of it.” [Abu Dawud] ������ Therefore, it is not possible for us to perform prayer as it should be performed, or even approach that, unless we know the detailed description of the Prophet's prayer ﷺ 5
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ✏������ Description of the Correct Wudoo’ ������ How should wudoo’ be performed? And what is the correct way to perform it? ������With regards to how wudoo’ is to be done, there are two ways: 1) Obligatory parts of Wudoo’ which are as follows: ������The Intention... for an act of worship is not valid, nor is it accepted by Allah SWT without an intention. ������ Intention of purifying yourself and removing impurity. ������ The intention should not be spoken out loud for its place is in the heart. ������ Washing the face completely once, which includes rinsing the mouth and nose ������ Washing the arms up to the elbows, once ������ Wiping the entire head, including the ears ������ Washing the feet up to ankles, once ❗What is meant by “once” in all the above, is that the entire part of the body mentioned must be washed thoroughly ������ This must be done in order, so one washes the face first, then the arms, then wipes the head, then washes the feet, because the Prophet ﷺdid wudoo’ in this order. ������ This must be done in succession, i.e., the parts of the body must be washed one after the other with no lengthy interruption between washing one part and the next. ⬆ These are the obligatory steps/ body parts of wudoo’ which must be done in order for wudoo’ to be valid. ������ The evidence for these obligatory parts of wudoo’ is the aayah in which Allah says (interpretation of the meaning): 6
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project “O you who believe! When you intend to offer As-Salaah (the prayer), wash your faces and your hands (forearms) up to the elbows, wipe (by passing wet hands over) your heads, and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. If you are in a state of Janaaba (i.e. after a sexual discharge), purify yourselves (bathe your whole body). But if you are ill or on a journey, or any of you comes after answering the call of nature, or you have been in contact with women (i.e. sexual intercourse), and you find no water, then perform Tayammum with clean earth and wipe therewith your faces and hands. Allah does not want to place you in difficulty, but He wants to purify you, and to complete His Favour to you that you may be thankful” [al-Maa’idah 5:6] 2) Mustahabb parts of Wudoo’ ������ These were narrated in the Sunnah of the Prophet ﷺ, the details of which are as follows: ������ You should say Bismillaah ������ You should wash your hands three times ������ You should rinse your mouth three times (swirling the water around inside your mouth) and rinse your nose three times, (blowing the water out and using the left hand to remove the water from your nose) ������ You should wash your face three times, from the hairline to the jawbone and chin, and from ear to ear ������ Then one should wash his arms up to the elbows three times... ������ The arm extends from the fingertips, including the nails, to the lower part of the upper arm. ������ It is essential to remove anything stuck to the hands before washing them, such as dough, mud, paint, etc, that could prevent the water from reaching the skin. ������ Then after that he should wipe his head and ears once with fresh water, not the water left over from washing his arms. ������ The way in which the head is to be wiped is that: you put your wet hands at the front of your head and bring them to the back of your head, then bring them 7
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project back to the place where you started. Then put your index fingers in your ears and wipe the back of the ears with your thumbs. ������With regard to a woman’s hair, she should wipe it whether it is loose or braided from the front of her head to the roots of the hair at the nape of her neck, but she does not have to wipe the entire length of her hair ������ It is permissible for a woman to wipe a section or part of her hair, according to the majority of Scholars ������ Then you should wash your feet three times up to the ankles, namely the bones at the bottom of the leg. ❗It is a condition of wudoo’ that: One must remove anything that could prevent water from reaching the skin and nails, such as nail polish. ������ It is mustahabb to say, when one has completed wudoo’: ������ “Ashhadu an laa ilaaha ill-Allah wahdahu laa shareeka lah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasooluhu” ������ I bear witness that there is none has the right to be worshipped but Allah alone who has no partner, and I bear witness that Muhammad is His slave and His Messenger. ������ Because the Prophet ﷺsaid: “There is no one among you who does wudoo’ and does it properly and does it well, then he says, ‘Ashhadu an laa ilaaha ill- Allah wahdahu laa shareeka lah, wa ashhadu anna Muhammadan ‘abduhu wa rasooluhu,’ but the gates of Paradise will be opened to him and he may enter through whichever of them he wishes.” [Muslim] ������ al-Tirmidhi’s narration adds: ������ “Allahumma ij’alni min al-tawwaabeena wa’j’alni min al-mutatahhireen” ������ O Allah, make me one of those who repent and make me one of those who purify themselves) [Graded Saheeh by al-Albaani] Detailed Steps of Wudoo’: https://youtu.be/jj8DbMqQTgY 8
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ✏������ Clothing of Women in Salah ⁉ Can women pray in pants? What is the clothing that is prescribed in sharee’ah for praying? ⁉ ������ Answer: ������ Woman clothing in prayer is any garment that covers her entire body except her face and hands, and should be loose, opaque so that it does not reveal any part of her body ������ This was indicated by the narration of Umm Salamah (may Allah be pleased with her) when she was asked about what a woman should wear in prayer, she said: “She should pray in a Khimar and a long Dar’a that completely covers the top of her feet” [Abu Dawud] ������ Khimar: woman’s head cover ������ Dar’a: a long dress that covers the whole body and feet; cover from top to bottom. ������ And the Prophet ﷺsaid: “Allah does not accept the prayer of a woman who menstruates (i.e. an adult woman) unless her head is covered.” [Graded Saheeh by al-Albaani in Saheeh al-Jaami’] ✅ So the garment should cover the entire body apart from the face. ������The scholars differed as to whether it is obligatory for a woman to cover her hands and feet when praying ⬇ ������������ With regard to the hands: the majority of scholars are of the view that it is not obligatory to cover them. ������������ With regard to the feet: the majority of Maalikis, Shaafa’is and Hanbalis are of the view that it is obligatory to cover them. ������ This is also the view stated in a fatwa of the Standing Committee for Issuing Fatwas: 9
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ Shaykh Ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “The entire woman is ‘awrah when she is praying, apart from her face. The scholars differed with regard to the hands. Some of them said it is obligatory to cover them, and others said it is allowed to leave them uncovered. There is no harm either way in sha’ Allah, but it is better to cover them to be on the safe side of the scholar’s disagreement. As for the feet, it is obligatory to cover them when praying, according to the majority of scholars.” [Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn Baaz, 10/410] ❌ If the garment is thin and reveals what under it and the colour of the skin, then it is not regarded as acceptable covering. ➡ Based on all this: it is not permissible for a woman when praying to wear tight clothing that describes her ‘awrah like pants or trousers. ������ Shaykh Ibn ‘Uthaymeen (may Allah have mercy on him) said: “even when the pants are loose and wide, it is still considered revealing as one can tell each leg from the other, and it falls under women imitating men; as the pants are of men’s clothing today.” [Majmoo’ Fataawa Ibn’Uthaymeen 12/286] ������ As for the validity of her prayer, even if she goes against this ruling and prays wearing these tight clothes, her prayer is still valid, because what is required: is to cover the ‘awrah, and she has done that. ������ Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan said: “It is not permissible to wear tight clothes which show any part or the shape of a woman’s body. Tight clothes are not permissible for men or women, but it is especially forbidden for women, because the fitnah (temptation) in their case is greater. Regarding the validity of the prayer itself, if a person prays with his ‘awrah covered in such clothes, his prayer is valid, because the ‘awrah is covered, but he is sinning by praying in tight clothes, as he may have transgressed one of the rules of prayer by wearing these tight clothes. On the other hand, it is a cause of temptation and draws attention, especially in the case of women. So women should cover themselves with loose garments which will cover them and not describe any parts of their body or attract attention, it should not be a thin or see-through garment, rather it should be a concealing garment which will cover the woman completely.” [Al-Muntaqa min Fataawa al-Shaykh Saalih al-Fawzaan, 3/454.] ������ Source: ������ Islam Question & Answer 10
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ✏������ Conditions of Prayer ������ Condition (shart) means (in the context of worship): ✏ what is necessary for something to exist but does not form part of it ������ Conditions for the Validity of Prayer ������ 1) That the time for prayer has begun: ������ Each prayer has its appointed time range and for a prayer to be valid, it has to be offered within that time range. 2) Covering the ‘awrah. 3 & 4) Tahara (i.e purification) which includes both: ������ purity from najas (impurities) on one’s body, clothes and prayer area. ������ purity from ritual impurity (hadath) [i.e Minor or major ritual impurity] by making ablution, Tayammum (dry ablution) or making Ghusl (i.e. ritual bath). 5) Facing Qiblah (i.e the direction toward Ka’bah) ������ 6) Niyyah (Intention)... ❎ the majority of scholars consider it to be a Rukn (i.e pillar) of prayer ⬆ These six conditions mentioned above apply only to prayer ������ To them may be added the general conditions that apply to all acts of worship: 7) one should be a Muslim, 8) of sound mind, 9) puberty 11
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ✏������ Pillars and Obligatory Parts of Prayer ������ The difference between pillars (essential parts) and obligatory parts of prayer is that: ������ A pillar or essential part (rukn) cannot be omitted deliberately, by mistake or out of ignorance, rather it must be done. ������ The obligatory part (waajib) may be omitted due to ignorance or forgetfulness, and it may be compensated for by doing the prostration of forgetfulness (sujood al-sahw). ������ There are fourteen pillars or essential parts of the prayer, and eight obligatory parts ⬇⬇ ������ The 14 Pillars of Prayer ������ 1) Standing during obligatory prayers if one is able to do so 2) The opening takbeer (saying “Allahu akbar”) 3) Reciting al-Faatihah 4) Rukoo’ (bowing), the least of which means bending so that the hands can touch the knees, but the most complete form means making the back level and the head parallel with it. 5) Rising from bowing 6) Standing up straight 7) Sujood (prostration) ⬇ ✏ The most perfect form of which is placing the forehead, nose, palms, knees and toes firmly on the ground. ✏ And the least of which is placing a part of each of these on the ground. 8) Rising from prostration 12
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 9) Sitting between the two prostrations. ✏ However one sits is good enough, but the Sunnah is to sit muftarishan… which means sitting on the left foot and holding the right foot upright with the toes pointing towards the qiblah. 10) Being at ease in each of these physical pillars 11) The final tashahhud 12) Sitting to recite the final tashahhud and the two salaam. 13) The two salaam. ✏ This means saying twice, “as-salaamu ‘alaykum wa rahmat-Allah (Peace be upon you and the mercy of Allah).” ✏ In nafil prayers it is sufficient to say one salaam; the same also applies to the funeral prayer. 14) Doing the pillars in the order mentioned here. ✏ If a person deliberately prostrates before bowing, for example, the prayer is invalidated; if he does that by mistake, he has to go back and bow, and then prostrate. ������ The 8 Obligatory Parts of Prayer ������ 1) Takbeers other than the opening takbeer 2) Saying “Sami’a Allahu liman hamidah (Allah hears those who praise Him)” – for the imam and for the one who is praying alone. 3) Saying “Rabbana wa laka’l-hamd (Our Lord, to You be praise)” 4) Saying “Subhaana rabbiy al-‘azeem (Glory be to my Lord Almighty)” once when bowing 5) Saying “Subhaana rabbiy al-a’laa (Glory be to my Lord most High)” once when prostrating 6) Saying “Rabb ighfir li (Lord forgive me)” between the two prostrations 13
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 7) The first tashahhud 8) Sitting for the first tashahhud ������ There are some differences of opinion among the fuqaha’; what is regarded as obligatory by some is regarded as Sunnah by others. This is discussed in detail in the books of fiqh. And Allah knows best. 14
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer: LESSONS 15
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 1 ������The Perfection of Ablution (Isbagh al-wudoo’): ������ Perfecting ablution is to perform ablution, carrying out the command of Allah, the Exalted, (subhanaho wa ta’ala): “O you who have believed, when you rise to [perform] prayer, wash your faces and your forearms to the elbows and wipe over your heads and wash your feet to the ankles.” ������ And the saying of the Prophet ﷺ: “Prayer without purification is not accepted.” ������ Facing the Ka’abah ������ ������ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺstood for prayer, he would face the Ka’abah in both obligatory and voluntary prayers, and he ﷺordered that, saying: “When you get up to pray, perform the ablution perfectly, and then turn towards the qiblah and recite Takbeer (Allahu Akbar: i.e Allah is the most Great).” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ While Traveling ������ He would dismount his she-camel to pray obligatory prayers while facing the qiblah: “when he intended to pray obligatory (fardh) prayers, he would dismount and face the qiblah” [Al-Bukhari] ������ As for voluntary prayers: “During a journey, he ﷺwould pray the voluntary (nafil) prayers or witr on his mount, wherever it faced carrying him; east or west” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ The saying of Allah, the exalted, “So wherever you [might] turn, there is the Face of Allah.” (Al-Baqara 115) applies here. ✅ That’s why a traveler can pray nafl & witr while riding any means of transportation, wherever he is facing, and he is not obligated to face qibla. 16
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 2 ������ The Intention (an-Niyyah) ������ One should turn to the Qiblah, intending in his heart to pray that particular prayer he wants, be it the obligatory or voluntary prayer. ������ One should not verbally pronounce the intention, as the intention belongs in the heart. ������ Thus, pronouncing the intention in audible voice is not permissible as the Prophet ﷺsaid: ������ \"Actions are (judged) by motives (niyyah), so each man will have what he intended.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ Therefore, verbally pronouncing the intention by tongue is forbidden, and is considered innovation (bid’ah), because the Prophet ﷺdid not do so, nor did his companions ������Standing (Qiyaam) ������ Standing in obligatory prayer is a pillar (rukn: essential part of prayer), so one must stand while praying. ������ The Prophet ﷺwould pray standing, and when travelling he would pray the voluntary (nafil) prayer on his she-camel. ������ It is not permissible for one to pray sitting, except when he is unable to stand, or when standing is extremely difficult for him, or when he is sick. ������ The Prayer of a Sick Person in the Sitting Position: ✏ One who is ill, and one who is unable to stand, may pray sitting if he is able to sit; if he is not able to do so, then one can pray lying down ✏ In this case he should perform rukoo' (bowing) and sujood (prostration) by lowering his head. He should lower his head further for the prostration than for the bowing. 17
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ It was narrated by 'Imran bin Husain: I suffered from haemorrhoids, so I asked the Prophet ﷺabout the prayers. He said: \"Pray standing; and if you are unable, (pray) sitting; and if you are unable, (pray) lying on your side.\" [al-Bukhari] ✅ It's permissible for the worshiper to pray the sunnah and voluntary (nafil) prayers sitting, even if he is able to stand, and whoever does this, there is no sin in doing so, except that the reward of the standing is double that of the reward of the sitting. ������`Imran bin Husain said, \"I asked the Prophet ﷺabout the prayer of a person while sitting. He said, ‘It is better for one to pray standing; and whoever prays sitting gets half the reward of that who prays while standing; and whoever prays while lying gets half the reward of that who prays while sitting.” [al-Bukhari] ������ It is not permissible for the person praying sitting to place something raised upon the ground to prostrate upon. Rather, he should only make the movement for his prostration (sujood) lower than that for his bowing (rukoo'), as mentioned, this is what should be done if he is unable to directly place his head upon the ground ������ Standing & Sitting during the voluntary (nafil) Night Prayer: ✅ It is permissible to pray the voluntary Prayer during the night standing or sitting without an excuse ������ “The Messenger of Allah ﷺused to pray standing at night for a long time, and used to pray sitting at night for a long time. When he prayed standing, he bowed standing, and when he prayed sitting, he bowed sitting.” [Abu Dawud] ✅ It is permissible for the praying person to combine standing and sitting during the voluntary (nafil) night prayer. So he may pray and recite while sitting, and then shortly before the rukoo' he may stand and recite the few verses that remain for him while standing. Then he bows and prostates, and then he does the same in the second rak'ah. ������ It was reported that: “the Messenger of Allah ﷺused to pray sitting. He would recite sitting, and then, when about thirty or forty verses of what he was 18
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project reciting remained, he would stand up and recite standing and then go into rukoo’ and sujood. He would do the same in the second rak'ah.” [Muslim] ✏ If one prays sitting, he should sit with his legs crossed, or in any manner of sitting that is comfortable for him ������ The Prayer of a Sick Person (or one that is unable to stand) in a Sitting Position Shaykh ‘Abd al-‘Azeez ibn Baaz (may Allah have mercy on him) said: ������ The one who prays sitting on the ground or on a chair must make his prostration lower than his bowing. ������ The Sunnah is for him to put his hands on his knees when bowing, and when prostrating the Sunnah is to put them on the ground if possible; if he cannot do that then he should put them on his knees, because it was proven that the Prophet ﷺsaid: ✅ “I have been commanded to prostrate on seven bones: the forehead – and he pointed to his nose – the two hands, the two knees, and the edges of the two feet (i.e., the toes).” ������ If a person is unable to do that, and prays on a chair, there is nothing wrong with that, because Allah says (interpretation of the meaning): ✅ “So keep your duty to Allah and fear Him as much as you can” [al- Taghaabaun 64:16] ✅ And the Prophet ﷺsaid: “If I tell you to do a thing, then do as much of it as you can.” [Saheeh – agreed upon] ������ Source: Fataawa Ibn Baaz, 12/245, 246. 19
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 3 ������Praying while Wearing Shoes ������ It is permissible to pray barefoot, or to pray wearing shoes, depending on what is easier. ������ “He ﷺused to stand (in prayer) bare-footed sometimes and wearing shoes sometimes.” [Abu Dawud] ������ He ﷺalso said: “When one of you prays, he should wear his shoes or take them off and put them between his feet, and not harm others with them” [Al-Hakem] ������ And the Prophet ﷺsaid: “When one of you prays, he should not place his shoes on his right nor on his left, where they will be on someone else's right, except if there is no one on his left, but he should place them between his feet.” [Abu Dawud] ������ If he removes his shoes, then he should not place them on his right-hand side, rather he should place them to his left as long as there is nobody praying to his left. This indicates that he should not place them in front of him. This is an etiquette that most worshippers ignore. ������Praying towards a Sutra (Barrier) ������ It is obligatory that the worshiper prays towards a barrier (sutrah) and be close to it, as the Prophet ﷺsaid: ������“When one of you prays, he should pray facing the sutrah (screen or barrier) and he should keep himself close to it.” [Abu Dawud] ������ And the Prophet’s ﷺsaid: “Do not pray except towards a sutrah, and do not let anyone walk in front of you. So, if a person insists (on trying to pass) then fight him, because he has an evil companion along with him.” meaning a Satan. ✅ Thus, the sunnah is to use a sutrah (barrier) in front of the worshiper, such as a wall or chair or anything else high; the height of the sutrah should be at least a span (shibr) or two spans. 20
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ If it is not convenient for the worshiper to pray towards a sutrah (barrier), and he prayed without a sutrah, his prayer is correct, however he would have not followed the sunnah. ������ It is forbidden to pass in front of a praying person towards a sutrah, as the Prophet ﷺsaid: “If the person who passed in front of someone praying knew (the sin) on him, it would be better for him to wait forty than to pass in front.\" Meaning, passing in between him and the place of his sutrah. ✅ It is obligatory upon the praying person to prevent anyone from passing in front of him by pushing him, he is allowed to take a step or more forward in order to prevent anyone from passing in front of him. 21
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 4 ������ The Takbeer (Saying: ‘Allahu Akbar’) ������ The Prophet ﷺwould begin the Prayer by saying: “Allahu Akbar” (Allah is the Most Great). ✅ This is an essential part (pillar) of the prayer, because the Prophet ﷺsaid: “The key to prayer is purifying oneself (wudoo’), it is entered by takbeer (saying ‘Allahu akbar’) and exited by tasleem (saying ‘as-salaamu ‘alaykum’)” i.e, once you say takbeer, certain things are prohibited and this prohibition ends when you say tasleem.” [Abu Dawud] ������ The praying person should not raise his voice in saying the takbeer in any of the Prayers, unless he is an Imam (leading others in prayer) ������ ������ As Prophet Muhammad ﷺused to raise his voice when making Takbeer so those behind him can hear [Muslim] ������ And Prophet Muhammad ﷺused to say: “When he [the Imam] says the Takbeer, then say the Takbeer” after him [Ibn Majah] ������ Raising the Hands ������ He should raise his hands when saying the takbeer, or before or after doing so. All of these are proven in the Sunnah. ✅ Because “the Prophet ﷺused to raise his hands sometimes with takbeer, sometimes after takbeer, and sometimes before.” [al-Bukhari] ������ He should raise his hands with the fingers extended. ������ The fingers should not be fully separated or fully joined with one another. ������ The Prophet ﷺwould raise his hands up to the level of his shoulders, and sometimes he would raise them even further, up to the level of his ear lobes [al-Bukhari] 22
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ Placing the hands & How it should be done ������ Following the takbeer, he should place his right hand upon his left hand: ������ As “the Messenger of Allah ﷺused to place his right hand on his left hand” [Muslim] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “We Prophets have been commanded to hasten the breaking of our fast and to delay our suhoor, and to put our right hands over our left when praying.” [Ibn Habban] ������ The Prophet ﷺpassed by a man who was praying, and who had placed his left hand on his right hand. He ﷺgrabbed his arms and put his right hand on his left. [Ahmad] ������ Therefore it is not permissible to leave the hands hanging by one's sides ✅ He should place his right hand upon his left hand, wrist and forearm, and should sometimes grasp the left hand with the right hand ✅ The Prophet ﷺplaced his hands upon his chest ������ It is forbidden to place the hand or hands on the waist 23
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Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 5 ������ Humility & Attentiveness (al-Khushoo’) & Looking at the Place of Prostration ������ The worshipper must be humble in his prayer, and should avoid everything that may distract him from it, such as adornments and decorations. ������ He should not pray where there is food that he wants to eat, or when he needs to urinate or defecate. ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “When you stand to pray, pray like a man bidding farewell, as if you can see Him (Allah), for although you cannot see Him, He can see you.” [Ibn Majah] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “When the time for a prescribed Salat is due and a Muslim performs its wudoo' and its acts of bowing and prostration properly, this Salat will be forgiveness for his past sins, so long as he does not commit major sins, and this applies forever.” [Muslim] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “it is not advisable that there should be anything in the house which diverts the attention of the man at prayer.” [Ahmad] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “No Salat (prayer) should be performed when the food has been served, nor should it be performed when a person is in need of relieving himself.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] ✅ While standing the praying person should look towards the place of his prostration as: ������ “the Prophet ﷺused to incline his head during prayer and look towards the ground” [al-Hakem] ������ It is not allowed for the praying person to raise his eyes to the sky, as the Prophet ﷺsaid: ������ “Those people who raise their eyes to heaven while in Salat (prayer) should stop (doing so) or else their sight will not return to them.” And in one narration: “otherwise their eyesight would be snatched away.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] 25
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ While praying one should not look away or look around ������ As the Prophet ﷺsaid: “when you perform Salat then do not turn away, for Allah is facing the face of His worshipers as long as he does not turn away.” [at- Tirimidhi] ������ The Prophet ﷺwas asked about looking around in prayer, and he replied: \"It is a way of stealing by which Satan takes away (a portion) from the prayer of a person.\" [al-Bukhari] 26
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 6 ������ The Opening Supplication (Du’aa Al-Istftah) ������ The Prophet ﷺwould start his recitation with one of many supplications in which he would praise Allah the Exalted, and glorify and extol Him. ������ He ﷺordered us to do this, saying: “No person’s prayer is complete unless he says the takbeer and praises Allah, the Exalted, and admires Him; he should then recite from Qur'an as much as he desires.” [Abu Dawud] ������ He ﷺwould say any of the following supplications: 1) “O Allah, separate me from my sins as You have separated the East from the West. O Allah, cleanse me of my sins as the white garment is cleansed of stains. O Allah, wash away my sins with water and ice and frost.” [Al-Bukhari & Muslim] 2) “I have turned my face (as a monotheist) towards He who has brought forth the heavens and the earth and I am not from the polytheists. Indeed, my prayer, my sacrifice, my life and my death belong to Allah, Lord of the universe no partner has He, and this I have been commanded, and I am the first [among you] of the Muslims. O Allah, You are the King. There is no God but You. You are my Rabb (Lord) and I am Your slave. I have wronged myself, but I acknowledge my sin, so forgive me all my sins, You alone can forgive sins; guide me to the best of manners for none can guide to the best of them but You, and turn me from bad manners for none can turn from them but You. I am at Your service, all goodness is in Your hands and evil is not attributed to You. I rely on You and turn to You, blessed and exalted are You, I seek Your forgiveness and repent to You.” [Muslim] 3) “Glory be to You O Allah and the Praise is Yours, blessed is Your Name and Exalted is Your Majesty; and none has the right to be worshipped but You.” ������ He would say this supplication and add the following during his nightly prayers: “There is no God worthy of worship but Allah (three times)” and “Allah is the Greatest, Most Great (three times)” [Abu Dawud] 27
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 4) “Allah is truly Great, praise be to Allah in abundance. Glory be to Allah in the morning and the evening.” ������ One of the Prophet’s ﷺcompanions commenced with this, to which the Prophet ﷺsaid: “It (the utterance of this supplication) surprised me, for the doors of heaven were opened for it.” [Muslim] 5) “Praise be to Allah, praise which is abundant, pure, and full of blessings.” ������Another man began with this supplication, the Prophet ﷺsaid: “I saw twelve angels facing one another as to who will take them up (to Allah)” [Muslim] ������ Opening Supplications for the Night Prayers: ������ When the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, rose to pray in the middle of the night, he ﷺwould recite any of these supplications: ������ “O Allah, Lord of Jibraīl, Mīkaīl and Israfīl (great angels), Creator of the heavens and the Earth, Knower of the seen and the unseen. You are the arbitrator between Your servants in that which they have disputed. Guide me to the truth by Your leave, in that which they have differed, for verily You guide whom You will to a straight path.” [Muslim] ������ “O Allah! All the praises are for you, You are the Light of the Heavens and the Earth, And all the praises are for You, You are the Sustainer of the heavens and the Earth and all that is within them, And all the praises are for You, You are the King of the Heavens and the Earth and all that is within them, And all the praises are for You; You are the Truth and Your Promise is the truth, and your word is true, and to meet You is true, and the Garden of Paradise is true and the Fire is true, and the Final Hour is true, and the Prophets are true, and Muhammad ﷺis true. O Allah, unto You I have submitted, and upon You I have relied, and in you I have believed, and to You I have turned in repentance, and with Your help I argue (with my opponents, the non-believers) And I take You as a judge (to judge between us) You are our Lord and to You is the end of all journeys, So Forgive my former and latter sins, which I have done secretly and those which I have done openly, and those and all those sins of which You have better knowledge than I have. 28
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project You are the One Who sends forth and You are the One Who delays (i.e Al- Muqaddim wa Al-Mu’akhhir) There is none to be worshipped but you, and there is neither might nor power except with Allah. [Al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ The Messenger of Allah ﷺused to say the takbeer ten times, the tahmid ten times, the tasbih ten times, and the tahlil ten times, and pray for forgiveness ten times, and say: “O Allah, forgive me, guide me, grant me provision and good health” ten times He ﷺwould say: “I seek refuge with Allah from the difficulty of standing on the Day of Resurrection\" ten times. [Ahmad] ������ “Allah is most Great”, three times, “the One Who has all sovereignty, power, magnificence, and might.\" [Abu Dawud] ◼ English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 6 ◼ ������ The Opening Supplication (Du’aa Al-Istftah) 1) Allahumma, baaid baini wa baina khatayaya kama baaadta baina l-mashriqi wa l-maghrib. Allahumma, naqqini min khatayaya kama yunaqqa th-thawbu l- abyadu mina d-danas. Allahumma, ighsil khatayaya bi l-maa'i wa th-thalji wa l- barad 2) Wajahtu wajhi lilladhi fataras-samawatiwal-arda hanifan wa ma ana minal- mushrikin. Inna salati wa nusuki wa mahyaya wa mamati lillahi rabbil-alamin, la sharika lahu, wa bidhalika umirtu wa ana min al-muslimin. Allahumma! Antal- maliku la ilaha illa ant, ana abduka zalamtu nafsi wa'taraftu bidhanbi faghfirli dhunubi jami'an, la yaghfirudhunuba illa anta, wahdini lihasanil-ahklaqi, la yahdi li ahsaniha illa anta wasrif anni sayy'aha la yasrifu anni sayy'aha illa anta, labaika wa sa'daika, wal-khairu kulluhu fi yadaika wash-sharru laisa ilaika ana bika wa ilaika ana bika wa ilaika tabarkta wa ta'alaita astaghfiruka wa atubu ilaik. 29
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 3) Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika wa tabarakasmuka, wa ta'ala jadduka wa la ilaha ghairuk) ������ And during the Night Prayer he ﷺwould add: “La ilaha illa Allah” (3 times) & “Allahu Akbaru kabiraa” (3 times) 4) Allahu Akbaru kabira wal-hamdu Lillahi kathira, wa subhan-Allahi bukratan was asila 5) Al-hamdu lillahi hamdan kathiran taiyyiban mubarakan fihi ������ Opening Supplications of the Voluntary Night Prayer ������ Allahumma Rabba Jibril wa Maika'il wa Israfil; Fatirus-samawati wal-ard, 'alim al-ghaybi wash-shahadah, anta tahkumu bayna 'ibadika fima kanu fihi yakhtalifun, Allahumma ihdini limakktulifa fihi min al-haqq innaka tahdi man tasha'ila siratin mustaqim ������ Allahumma lakal-hamd. Anta nurus-samawati wal-ard wa man fihinna. Walakal-hamd, anta qaiyyimus-samawati wal-ard wa man fihinna. Walakal-hamd anta malikus-samawati wal-ard wa man fihinna. Wa lakal-hamd, anta-l-haq wa wa'duka-lhaq, wa qauluka Haq, wa liqa'uka Haq, wal-jannatu Haq wan-naru Haq was-sa'atu Haq wannabiyuna Haq. Wa Muhammadun, sallal-lahu'alaihi wasallam, Haq. Allahumma Laka aslamtu wa 'Alaika tawakkaltu wabika amantu, wa ilaika anabtu wa bika khasamtu, wa ilaika hakamtu faghfir li ma qaddamtu wama akh-khartu wama as-rartu wama'a lantu, anta-l-muqaddim wa anta-l-mu akh-khir, la ilaha illa anta ������ Allahu Akbar (10 times) Al-Hamdu Lillah (10 times) Subhan Allah (10 times) La ilaaha illa-Allah (10 times) Allahumma aghfirli wahdini, warzuqni, wa ‘afini (10 times) A'udhu billahi min diqil-maqami yawmal-hisaab (10 times) ������ Allahu Akbar (3 times) Dhul-malakut wal-jabarut wal-kibriya' wal 'azamah 30
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 7 ������ Recitation ������ Then the Prophet ﷺwould seek refuge in Allah after the opening recitation, saying: (A'udhu Bilahi As-Sami'il-Alimi min Ash-Shaitanir-Rajimi, min Hamzihi Wa Nafkhihi wa Nafthihi) ⬇⬇ ������ “I seek refuge in Allah the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing, from Satan the expelled [from Allah’s mercy], min Hamzihi, wa Nafkhih, wa Nafthihi” [Abu Dawud] ⬇⬇ ������ min Hamzihi: (from his madness that he inflicts on people) ������ wa Nafkhih: (his arrogance that affects people) ������ wa Nafthihi: (his evil poetry, poetry here refers to blameworthy kinds of poetry) ������ Then he ﷺwould recite silently: ������“In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful” (Bismillahir-Rahmanir-Rahim) ������ Next, he ﷺwould recite Surah al-Fatihah (the opening chapter), one verse at a time, and pause at the end of each verse ⬇ “In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful.” ������ Here he ﷺwould pause, and then say: ������“All Praise is due to Allah, Lord of the Worlds” ('Al-hamdulillahi rabbil Alameen) Then pause. ������Then say: “The Entirely Merciful, the especially Merciful” ('Ar-Rahmanir-Rahim) Then pause. ������Then say: “Master of the Day of Judgment.” (‘Maliki yawmiddin) ...and so on, until the end of the surah. 31
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ The rest of his recitation was also like this: stopping at the end of the verse and not joining it with the one after [Abu Dawud] ������ The Necessity of al-Fatihah, and its Excellence ������ The Messenger of Allah ﷺcommanded that it is obligatory to recite al- Fatihah in every rak’ah He ﷺsaid: ✅ \"Whoever does not recite Al-Fatiha in his prayer, his prayer is invalid.\" [al- Bukhari & Muslim] ✅ He ﷺalso said: “He who performs a prayer in which he does not recite the Opening of the Book, then it (i.e. the prayer) is deficient, it is deficient, it is deficient, incomplete.” [Muslim] ✅ And he ﷺsaid to the one who could not memorize it, Say: ������“Subhaanallah Walhamdu lillaah Wa laa 'ilaaha 'illallah Wallahu 'Akbar Wa laa hawla wa laa quwwata 'illaa billaah.” ������“Allah is free of imperfections, and praise is to Allah, and there is nothing worthy of worship except Allah, and Allah is the Most Great, and there is no might and no strength but in Allah, the Most High, the Supreme” [Abu Dawud] ������ It is obligatory to recite al-Fatihah in every rak’ah behind the Imam, in both audible and inaudible prayers. ������ Ibn Baz may Allah have mercy on him said: it is not allowed for those being led by the Imam to recite any verse after Al Fatihah, their duty is to listen attentively to the Imam’s recitation, because the Prophet ﷺsaid: ✅ “Perhaps you recite behind your Imam?” We replied, “Yes.” He [the Prophet ]ﷺsaid, “Do not do so except when it is (Surat) Fatiha al-Kitab, for the Salat (prayer) of the one who does not recite it, is not accepted.” ✅ Then when he ﷺfinished reciting al-Fatihah, he would say: (\"Aameen\") loudly, prolonging his voice.\" [al-Bukhari] ✅ He also ordered the congregation to say aameen after the Imam says it: “When the imam says \"aameen\" say \"aameen\", so he whose aameen coincides with the aameen of the angels, his past sins are forgiven.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] 32
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ The Recitation after al-Fatihah ������ Next, he ﷺwould recite another surah or few ayat (verses) after al-Fatihah, in the first two rak'ah making it long sometimes, and on other occasions making it short ������ Reciting aloud & reciting quietly in the Five Prayers and Nafilah ������ The Prophet ﷺused to recite aloud in Fajr and in the first two rak’ahs of Maghrib and ‘Isha’ ⬇ ✅ He ﷺwould recite inaudibly in the first two rak’ahs of Dhuhr and ‘Asr, in the third rak’ah of Maghrib and in the last two rak’ahs of ‘Isha’ ✅ He ﷺwould recite aloud in Jumu’ah prayers, Eid prayers, prayers for rain (istisqaa’), prayers at the time of an eclipse (kusoof) ✅ As for night prayer, he ﷺwould sometimes recite inaudibly and sometimes audibly, raising his voice slightly [Abu Dawud] ⬇ ✅ He ﷺordered Abu Bakr and 'Umar (Allah be pleased with them) likewise, when: \"he came out at night to find Abu Bakr (Allah be pleased with him) praying in a low voice, and he passed by 'Umar ibn al-Khattab (Allah be pleased with him) who was praying in a loud voice. Later, when they gathered around the Prophet ﷺsaid: O Abu Bakr, I passed by you and you were praying in a low voice? He said: \"I let Him whom I was consulting hear, O Messenger of Allah.\" He said to 'Umar: I passed by you and you were praying, raising your voice? So he said: \"O Messenger of Allah, I repel drowsiness and keep the devil away.\" The Prophet said: O Abu Bakr, raise your voice a little bit and to 'Umar: lower your voice a little bit.” [Abu Dawud] ✅ And he ﷺused to say: “the one who recites the Qur'an loudly is like the one who gives charity publicly, and the one who recites the Qur'an quietly is like the one who gives charity secretly.” 33
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 34
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 8 ������ The Recitation (al-Qiraa’ah) ������ The length of recitation will vary according to the different Prayers… ������ Generally, the recitation in the Dawn (Fajr) Prayer is longer than the recitation in any of the other Prayers. Next comes Dhuhr, then 'Asr and ‘Isha, and then Maghrib ������ The recitation in the (optional) Night Prayer (Salaatul-Layl) is longer than any of those ������ The Sunnah is also to make the recitation in the first rak'ah longer than the recitation in the second rak'ah ������ In the last two rak'ah of the Dhuhr and ‘Asr prayer, the Prophet ﷺwould sometimes recite another Surah in addition to Surat al-Fatiha (and sometimes he would recite only Al-Fatiha in them) ������And he ﷺwould make the recitation in the last two rak'ah shorter than that in the first two, by about a half ������And he ﷺwould read in the afternoon prayer (‘Asr) as much as half of what he read in the noon prayer (Dhuhr) ������ Recitation in the sunnah prayer before Fajr ������ This is what the Prophet ﷺwould recite: ✅ Sometimes, after al-Faatihah, he ﷺwould recite the aayah: \"Say: We believe in Allah and the revelation given to us...\" (Baqarah 2:136) in the first rak'ah And in the second rak’ah, the aayah: \"Say: O People of the Book! Come to common terms as between us and you...\" (aal-'Imraan 3:64) [Muslim] ✅ Sometimes he ﷺwould recite soorat al-Kaafiroon (109:6) in the first rak'ah, & soorat al-Ikhlaas (112:4) in the second [Muslim] 35
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ Recitation in the sunnah prayer after Maghrib ✅ In this prayer, \"he ﷺused to recite \"Say: O you who reject faith\" (Kaafiroon 109:6) & \"Say: He is Allah, the One and Only\" (Ikhlaas 112:4).\" ������ Recitation during Witr prayer ✅ “He ﷺused to recite \"Glorify the Name of Your Lord Most High\" (al-A'laa 87:19) in the first rak'ah, \"Say: O you who disbelieve\" (Kaafiroon 109:6) in the second, and \"Say: He is Allah the One and Only\" (Ikhlaas 112:4) in the third ������ The command of reciting the Quran beautifully ✅ As the Prophet ﷺsaid: \"He who does not recite Quran in a pleasant tone is not of us\" [Abu Dawud] ������Seeking Refuge & Spitting Lightly during Prayer in order to Repel Temptation (wiswaas) ������'Uthmaan ibn Abi l-'Aas (radi Allahu 'anhu) said to the Prophet ﷺ: “O Messenger of Allah! The devil comes between me and my prayer and confuses me in my recitation!” So the Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: “That is a devil called Khinzab, so when you detect him, seek refuge with Allah from him, and spit lightly on your left three times.” He said: “So when I did that, Allah caused him to go away from me.” [Muslim] 36
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 9 ������ Bowing (Ar-Rukoo’) ������ When the Prophet ﷺwould finish reciting, he would remain silent for a moment, then he would raise his hands, say at-takbeer and bow ������ “The Salat (prayer) of one of you will not be complete until he performs Wudoo' (ablution) properly as Allah commanded him … then he should magnify Allah and praise Him and glorify Him. He should recite whatever is easy for him of the Quran that Allah has taught him and permitted him in it (the prayer). Then he should say the Takbir and bow [placing his hands on his knees] until his joints settle and he is relaxed.” [Abu Dawud] ������ How the Bowing (Rukoo’) is performed ������ The Prophet ﷺwould place his hands firmly upon his knees as if he were grasping them and he would spread his fingers ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “When you bow, place your palms upon your knees, spread your fingers, then remain until every body part takes its place.” ������ When bowing, the Prophet ﷺwould stretch out his back and make it level, such that if water were to be poured upon it, then it would settle upon it (that is, the water would settle on his back) ������ And the Prophet ﷺsaid: “And when you bow, put your palms on your knees and stretch out your back.” [Abu Dawud] ������ The Obligation of Tranquillity whilst Bowing ������ The Prophet ﷺwould be at rest while bowing. He ﷺsaid ⬇: ������ “And the worst of thieves is the one who steals his prayer.\" They (his companions) said, \"How does he steal his prayer, Messenger of Allah?\" He ﷺreplied, \"He does not do rukoo’ or sujood properly.\" [Al-Tabarani] ������ He ﷺglanced out of the corner of his eye at a man who was not settling his spine when he bowed and prostrated. When the Prophet ﷺfinished the prayer, 37
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project he said: “O Muslims, there is no prayer for the one who does not settle his back when bowing and prostrating.” [Ahmad] ������ Supplications when Bowing (Rukoo’) ������ The Prophet ﷺwould recite any of various supplications while bowing: ✳ “I declare my Lord, the Supreme, free and far removed from all imperfections” (saying it 3 times, or more) ✳ “Glory and praise be to my mighty Lord” (3 times) ✳ “All-Glorious, All-Holy, Lord of the angels and spirit” ✳ “Glory be to You, O Allah, and praise; O Allah forgive me”, he would say this often while bowing and prostrating, following the command given by the Quran ✳ “O Allah, to You I have bowed, in You I believe, to You I have submitted and in You I put my trust. You are my Lord. My hearing, my sight, my blood, my flesh, my bones and sinews are humbled before Allah, the Lord of the Worlds.” ✳ “Glory be to the One Who has all power, sovereignty, magnificence and might.” ➡ He ﷺwould say this during the night prayers ������ Prolonging the Bowing (Rukoo’) ������ It was narrated that: \"In the prayer of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, his bowing, his prostration, standing after he raised his head from bowing and (sitting) between the two prostrations, were almost the same.\" [that is, they were of similar time length] [An-Nasa’i] ������ And he ﷺforbade the recitation of the Quran in the rukoo' (bowing) and in the sujood (prostration), saying ⬇: ������ “And see that I have been forbidden to recite the Quran in the state of bowing and prostration. So far as Rukoo’ is concerned, extol in it the Great and Glorious Lord, and while prostrating be earnest in supplication, for it is fitting that your supplications should be answered.” [Muslim] 38
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ◼ English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 9 ◼ ������ Supplications of Bowing (Rukoo’) ������ ‘Subahana Rabbial-'athim ➡ (3 times or more) ������ 'Subahana Rabbial-'athim wa bihamdihi ������ Subbuhun Quddusun Rabbul-mala'ikati war-ruh ������ Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika, Allahumma ighfir li ➡ (he ﷺwould say this often in Rukoo' & Sujood) ������ Allahumma laka rak'atu wa bika amantu wa laka aslamtu wa alayka tawwakaltu, anta Rabbi, khasha'a sam'i wa basri wa dammi wa lahmi wa 'athmi wa 'asabi wa mastaqalla bihi qadami Lillahi Rabbil-'Alamin ������ Subhanaka Dhil-jabaraut wal-malakut wal-kibriya' wal-'athamah ➡ (he ﷺ would say this in the voluntary night prayer) 39
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 10 ������ Straightening up from the Rukoo' & what to say during it ������ The Prophet ﷺwould raise up and straighten his back from the rukoo', and while raising his back, he ﷺwould say: ������“Sami' Allahu liman hamidah” ������“Allah listens and responds to the one who praises Him.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “The prayer of anyone is not perfect unless he utters at- takbeer. Next, he should bow, then he should say: “Allah listens to the one who praises Him”, and stand erect.” [Abu Dawud] ������ “When rising up from the bowing position […] he ﷺwould say while standing: ‘Rabbana wa lakal-hamd (our Lord, the praise is Yours)’” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “the Imam is there to be followed ... when he has said 'Allah listens to the one who praises Him' then say, '[O Allah!] Our Lord, and to You be all Praise'; Allah will listen to you, for indeed, Allah, Blessed and Exalted, has said via the tongue of His Prophet ﷺ: Allah listens to the one who praises Him” ������ And he ﷺsaid: “And if the saying of any one of you coincides with that of the angels, all his past sins will be forgiven.” [al-Bukhari] (referring to “Rabbana wa lakal-hamd”) ������ What to Say while Straightening from the Rukoo’ ������ The Prophet ﷺwould raise his hands when he rises up from rukoo’, in the same manner as the Takbeer in the beginning of the prayer, and would say while standing: ������“Rabbanaa wa lakal-hamd” ������“O our Lord! And all praise is for You.” ������ And he ﷺwould sometimes add: ������”Allahumma Rabbana wa lakal-hamd” ������“O Allah, our Lord and to You be the praise” 40
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ And sometimes he ﷺwould add to this: ✅ “Our Lord, to You is Praise in all the heavens, and all the earth, and all that You Will to (to create) afterwards. Whatever else. O You, who are worthy of praise and glory, the most worthy of a slave says - and we are all Your slaves. O Allah None can withhold what You grant, and none can grant what You withhold, and riches cannot avail a wealthy person against you.” ������ And sometimes during the Voluntary (nafil) Night prayer he would say repeatedly: ������“Lirabbil-hamd, Lirabbil-hamd” ������“To my Lord be praise, to my Lord be praise\" [Sunan an-Nasa'i] ������ “Rabbana wa lakal-hamd, hamdan kathiran tayyiban mubarakan fih, (kama yuhibbu rabbuna wa yarda)*” ������ Our Lord, and to You be all Praise, so much pure praise, inherently blessed, (as our Lord loves and is pleased with)*. ������ *(included in the narration of Abu-Dawud) ⬇ ✅ A man praying behind him ﷺsaid this [the supplication above ⬆] after he ﷺ had raised his head from rukoo' and said: Allah listens to the one who praises Him. When the Messenger of Allah had finished his prayer, he said: who was the one speaking just now? The man said, “It was I, O Messenger of Allah.” So the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: “I saw over thirty angels hurrying to be the first one to write it down”. ������Prolonging the Standing (after rukoo’) and being tranquil during it ������ The Prophet ﷺwould make this standing about as long as the rukoo' (bowing) that has preceded, and he commanded us to feel tranquillity in this, as he said: ✅ “…and then raise your head and stand straight…” [Muslim] ✅ As the Prophet ﷺ: \"stood up straight from bowing till all the vertebrate took their normal positions\" [al-Bukhari] 41
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ✅ The Prophet ﷺalso said: “Allah, Mighty and Sublime, does not look at the prayer of the slave who does not make his backbone upright in between his bowings and prostrations” [Ahmad] Where should one put his arms after standing from rukoo’ according to Sunnah❓ Should one leave the arms by their sides or place the right hand over the left and on the chest❓ ������ The scholars have differed on this: ������ Ibn Baz may Allah have mercy on him said: One should place his right hand over his left on his chest, just like in Qiyaam (standing) ������ Al-Albani may Allah have mercy on him said: One should leave his arms by his sides after the rukoo’ ������ This matter is of the Sunnan of prayer and its etiquettes, not from its obligations. Therefore, both placing the hands on the chest & leaving them by one’s side are valid [Islam Web Fatwas & Islam Q&A] 42
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 11 ������ As- Sujood (Prostration) ������ Next, the Prophet ﷺwould say takbeer and go down into sajdah ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “The prayer of anyone is not perfect unless he… say[s]: \"Allah listens to the one who praises Him\", and stand erect. He should then say: \"Allah is most great,\" and should prostrate himself so that all his joints are completely at rest.” [Abu Dawud] ������ Going Down into Sajdah on the Hands ������ The Prophet ﷺused to place his hands on the ground before his knees and instructed us to do so… as he ﷺsaid: “when one of you prostrates himself he must not kneel in the manner of camel, but should put down his hands before his knees.” [Abu Dawud] ������ And he ﷺsaid: “Both hands prostrate as the face prostrates. When one of you puts his face (on the ground) he should put his hands too (on the ground). And when he raises it, he should raise them too” [Abu Dawud] ������ The Prophet ﷺwould support himself on his palms [and spread them], put his fingers together, and point them towards qiblah. Also, he ﷺwould put them (his palms) level with his shoulders, and sometimes level with his ears ������ He ﷺwould put his nose and forehead firmly on the ground and commanded us to do so ⬇ ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid: “There is no prayer for the one whose nose does not feel as much of the ground as the forehead” ������ And he ﷺwould put his knees and toes down firmly, point with the front of the toes towards qiblah, keep his feet upright, and ordered us to do so ������ Hence, these are the seven bony parts on which he ﷺwould prostate [on]: ������The palms ������The forehead ������The knees ������The nose ������The feet 43
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ������ The Prophet ﷺcounted the last two parts (the forehead & nose) as one part in prostration, as he ﷺsaid: \"I have been ordered to prostrate on seven bones i.e. on the forehead along with the tip of the nose (and the Prophet ﷺpointed towards his nose) both hands, both knees and the toes of both feet and not to gather the clothes or the hair.\" [al-Bukhari and Muslim] ������ He ﷺsaid about a man who was praying with his hair tied behind him: his example is surely like that of someone who prays with his hands bound (behind his back). He ﷺalso said: That is the saddle of the devil i.e. where the devil sits, referring to the knots in the hair. ������ He ﷺwould not rest his fore-arms on the ground, but would raise them above the ground, and keep them away from his sides such that the whiteness of his armpits could be seen from behind. ������ And he ﷺwould exaggerate this and ordered us to do likewise, as the Prophet ﷺsaid: “When you prostrate yourself, place the palms of your hands on the ground and raise your elbows” [Muslim] ������ The Messenger of Allah ﷺsaid: “Be level in sujood, and none of you should spread his fore-arms like the spreading of a dog”. ������ And in a separate hadeeth: “None of you should rest arms on the ground the way a dog rests them.” ������The Obligation to be at Ease in Sujood ������ The Prophet ﷺwould command the completion of rukoo’ and sujood, he ﷺ said about him whom does not complete his rukoo’ and sujood, “he is indeed one of the worst thieves among the people”. ������ He ﷺalso ruled that the prayer of one who does not straighten his spine fully in rukoo’ and sujood is invalid. 44
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project 45
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ❓Going down into Sujood (Prostration): Hands first or Knees first❓ ������ The scholars have differed as to how one should go down in sujood, whether one should go hands first or knees first ������ According to the Hanafis, Shaafais and one opinion narrated from Ahmad, the person who is praying should go down on his knees first, then on his hands. ������ Al-Tirmidhi thought that this was the opinion of the majority of scholars, and said in his Sunan (2/57): This is how it is done according to the majority of scholars: they think that a man should go down on his knees before he puts his hands down, and when he gets up he should raise his hands before his knees ������ Among those who thought that one should go down into sujood knees first were Shaykh Abd al-Azeez ibn Baaz and Shaykh Muhammad ibn Saalih al- Uthaymeen ������ Maalik, al-Awzaai and the scholars of hadeeth thought that one should go into sujood hands first ������And Sheikh Al-Albani favoured this view ������ Shaykh al-Islam Ibn Taymiyah made a valuable comment on this matter in the Fataawa: ������Praying in both ways is permissible, according to the consensus of the scholars. If a person wants to go down knees first or hands first, his prayer is valid in either case, according to the consensus of the scholars, but they disputed as to which is preferable ������ The scholar should act upon whichever opinion he believes is more likely to be correct, and the ordinary Muslim should follow the opinion of a scholar whom he trusts. And Allah knows best ������Source: ������ Islam Q&A https://islamqa.info/en/answers/2108/hands-first-or-knees-first-in-sujood 46
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 12 ������ Athkar As-Sujood ������ The Prophet ﷺwould say any one of the following remembrances of Allah and supplications in sujood: ������ How Perfect is my Lord, the Most High (three times, and sometimes he would repeat it more times than that) ������ How Perfect is my Lord, the Most High, and Praised be He (three times) ������ Perfect, Blessed, Lord of the Angels and the Spirit ������ “How perfect You are O Allah, our Lord, and Praised. O Allah! Forgive me”... which he would say often in his rukoo' and sujood, implementing the order of the Quran ������ O Allah! For you I have prostrated; in You I have believed; to You I have submitted; [You are my Lord;] my face has prostrated for the One Who created it and shaped it, [shaped it excellently,] then brought forth its hearing and vision: [so] blessed be Allah, the Best of Creators. [Muslim] ������ O Allah! Forgive me all my sins: the minor and the major, the first and the last, the open and the hidden ������ During the voluntary night prayer he ﷺwould say: ������ How Perfect is He Who has all Power, Kingdom, Magnificence and Supremity ������ How perfect You are [O Allah] and Praised. None has the right to be worshipped except you ������ O Allah! Forgive me what (sins) I have concealed and what (sins) I have done openly ������ O Allah! Place light in my heart; [and light in my tongue;] and place light in my hearing; and place light in my seeing; and place light from below me; and place light from above me, and light on my right, and light on my left; and place 47
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project light ahead of me; and place light behind me; [and place light in my self;] and make the light greater for me. ������ [O Allah!] [Indeed] I seek refuge with Your Pleasure from Your Anger; [I seek refuge] with Your Pardons from Your Punishment; I seek refuge with You from You. I cannot count all exultations upon You; You are as You have extolled Yourself. ������ The Prophet ﷺforbade the recitation of Qur'aan in sujood. ✅ He ﷺcommanded striving in it and supplicating to Allah as much as possible while in prostration...⬇ ������ As he ﷺsaid: \"A slave becomes nearest to his Rubb [Lord] when he is in prostration. So increase supplications in prostrations.\" [Muslim] ������ The Prophet ﷺwould make his sujood about as long as his rukoo', and sometimes he would make his sujood longer ������ The Prophet ﷺsaid, regarding the excellence of sujood: “when Allah intends mercy on whomever He likes amongst the people of Hell, He will order the angels to take out of Hell those who worshipped none but Him alone. The angels will take them out by recognizing them from the traces of prostrations, for Allah has forbidden the (Hell) fire to eat away those traces, so they will come out of the Fire, it (Hell fire) will eat away the body of the son of Adam except the marks of the prostrations.” [al-Bukhari & Muslim] 48
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project ◼ English Transliteration of Supplications in Lesson 12 ◼ ������ Supplications of Sujood: ������ Subahana Rabbial-A'la ➡ (3 times & sometimes more) ������ Subahana Rabbial-A'la wa biḥamdihi ➡ (3 times) ������ Subbuhun Quddusun, Rabbul-mala'ikati war-ruh ������ Subhanaka l-lahumma Rabbana wa bihamdika; Allahumma ghfir li ������ Allahumma laka sajadtu wa bika amantu wa laka aslamtu, Allahumma anta Rabbi, sajada wajhi lilladhi khalaqahu wa sawwarahu wa shaqqa sam'ahu wa basarahu, tabarak Allahu ahsanul-khaliqin ������ Allahum-maghfir li dhanbi kullahu: diqqahu wa jillahu, wa 'awwalahu wa akhirahu, wa alaniyatahu wa sirrahu ������ Supplications in Voluntary Night Prayer Sujood: ������ Subhana Dhil-jabaruti wal-malakuti wal-kibriya' wal-'azamah ������ ‘Subhanaka Allahumma wa bihamdika, laa ilaaha illaa anta ������ Allahum-maghfir li ma asrartu, wa ma a'lantu ������ Allahummaj'al fi qalbi nuran, wa fi lisani nuran, waj'al fi sam’i nuran, waj'al fi basri nuran, waj'al min tahti nuran, waj'al min fawqi nuran, wa 'an yameeni nuran, wa 'an yasaari nuran, waj'al amaami nuran, waj'al khalfi nuran, waj'al fi nafsi nuran, wa a’thimli nura ������ Allahumma inni a'udhu biridaka min sakhatika, wa a'udhu bi-mu'afatika min 'uqubatika, wa a'udhu bika minka, la uhsi thana'an 'alaika, Anta kama athnaita 'ala Nafsika 49
Description of the Prophet’s ( )ﷺPrayer … An-Noor Al-Mubeen Project Lesson 13 ������ Rising from Sujood (Prostration) ������ The Prophet ﷺwould raise his head from prostration while saying takbeer, and sometimes, he would also raise his hands with this takbeer ������ Next, the Prophet ﷺwould lay his left foot along the ground and sit on it, as he ﷺsaid: ✅ “When you prostrate yourself, do it completely (so that you are at rest). When you raise yourself then sit on your left thigh.” [Abu Dawud] ������ And he ﷺwould keep his right foot upright, and point its toes towards qiblah. ������ The Prophet ﷺwould sometimes practise iq'aa' [resting on both his heels and (all) his toes] between the two sajdah (prostrations) ������ The Obligation of Being at Ease between the Two Sajdahs ������ The Prophet ﷺcommanded us to be at ease between the two Sajdah. ✅ The Prophet ﷺwould be relaxed until every bone returned to its (proper) position, and he ﷺwould lengthen it until it was about almost as long as his sajdah ������ The Athkaar between the two Sajdah ������ When the Prophet ﷺwould sit between the two sajdah, he would say: ������ O Allah! Forgive me; have mercy on me; [strengthen me;] [raise my rank;] guide me; [pardon me;] sustain me. Or he ﷺwould say: ������ O my Lord! Forgive me, forgive me 50
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