["ofCh'in,\tbut\tthe\tKing of\tCh'in\tsaid:\t\\\"At present\tthe\tstates\tare quarreling\tviolently and\tevery\tprince\tis busy\tarming\this\ttroops to\tthe\tteeth.\tIf\tI followed\tthis\tprig's pratings\twe\tshould soon\tbe\tannihilated.\\\" So\the\thad\tthe\tfellow castrated.\tMeanwhile, the\tsecond\tbrother displayed\this\tmilitary genius\tat\tthe\tcourt\tof Wei.\tBut\tthe\tKing\tof Wei\tsaid:\t\\\"Mine\tis\ta weak\tstate.\tIf\tI\trelied on\tforce\tinstead\tof diplomacy,\twe\tshould soon\tbe\twiped\tout.\tIf, on\tthe\tother\thand,\tI\tlet this\tfire-eater\tgo,\the will\toffer\this\tservices\tto another\tstate\tand\tthen though\t die\t conspiracy\t failedTalleyrand\t was\t fired;\t Fouche\t stayed,\t but\t was kept\t on\t a\t tight\t leashit\t publicized\t a\t growing\t discontent\t with\t the\t emperor,\t who seemed\tto\tbe\tlosing\tcontrol.\tBy\t1814\tNapoleon's\tpower\thad\tcrumbled\tand\tallied forces\tfinally\tconquered\thim. The\tnext\tgovernment\twas\ta\trestoration\tof\tthe\tmonarchy,\tin\tthe\tform\tof\tKing Louis\tXVIII,\tbrother\tof\tLouis\tXVI.\tFouche,\this\tnose\talways\tsniffing\tdie\tair\tfor the\t next\t social\t shift,\t knew\t Louis\t would\t not\t last\t longhe\t had\t none\t of\t Napoleon's flair.\tFouche\tonce\tagain\tplayed\this\twaiting\tgame,\tlying\tlow,\tstaying\taway\tfrom the\t spodight.\t Sure\t enough,\t in\t February\t of\t 1815,\t Napoleon\t escaped\t from\t die island\t of\t Elba,\t where\t he\t had\t been\t imprisoned.\t Louis\t XVIII\t panicked:\t His policies\t had\t alienated\t die\t citizenry,\t who\t were\t clamoring\t for\t Napoleon's\t return. So\tLouis\tturned\tto\tthe\tone\tman\twho\tcould\tmaybe\thave\tsaved\this\thide,\tFouche, the\tformer\tradical\twho\thad\tsent\this\tbrother,\tLouis\tXVI,\tto\tdie\tguillotine,\tbut\twas now\tone\tof\tdie\tmost\tpopular\tand\twidely\tadmired\tpoliticians\tin\tFrance.\tFouche,","however,\t would\t not\t side\t with\t a\t loser:\t He\t refused\t Louis's\t request\t for\t help\t by pretending\tthat\this\thelp\twas\tunnecessaryby\tswearing\tthat\tNapoleon\twould\tnever return\t to\t power\t (although\t he\t knew\t otherwise).\t A\t short\t time\t later,\t of\t course, Napoleon\tand\this\tnew\tcitizen\tarmy\twere\tclosing\tin\ton\tParis. Seeing\this\treign\tabout\tto\tcollapse,\tfeeling\tthat\tFouche\thad\tbetrayed\thim,\tand certain\t that\t he\t did\t not\t want\t this\t powerful\t and\t able\t man\t on\t Napoleon's\t team, King\t Louis\t ordered\t die\t minister's\t arrest\t and\t execution.\t On\t March\t 16,\t 1815, policemen\tsurrounded\tFouche's\tcoach\ton\ta\tParis\tboulevard.\tWas\tthis\tfinally\this end\tPerhaps,\tbut\tnot\timmediately:\tFouche\ttold\tthe\tpolice\tthat\tan\tex-member\tof government\t could\t not\t be\t arrested\t on\t the\t street.\t They\t fell\t for\t the\t story\t and allowed\thim\tto\treturn\thome.\tLater\tthat\tday,\tthough,\tthey\tcame\tto\this\thouse\tand once\t again\t declared\t him\t under\t arrest.\t Fouche\t noddedbut\t would\t the\t officers\t be so\t kind\t as\t allow\t a\t gentieman\t to\t wash\t and\t to\t change\t his\t clothes\t before\t leaving his\thouse\tfor\tthe\tlast\ttime\tThey\tgave\ttiieir\tpermission,\tFouche\tleft\tthe\troom,\tand the\tminutes\twent\tby.\tFouche\tdid\tnot\treturn.\tFinally\tthe\tpolicemen\twent\tinto\tthe next\troomwhere\tthey\tsaw\ta\tladder\tagainst\tan\topen\twindow,\tleading\tdown\tto\tthe garden\tbelow. That\t day\t and\t the\t next\t the\t police\t combed\t Paris\t for\t Fouche,\t but\t by\t men Napoleon's\t cannons\t were\t audible\t in\t the\t distance\t and\t die\t king\t and\t all\t the\t king's men\thad\tto\tflee\tthe\tcity.\tAs\tsoon\tas\tNapoleon\tentered\tParis,\tFouche\tcame\tout\tof hiding.\tHe\thad\tcheated\tthe\texecutioner\tonce\tagain.\tNapoleon\tgreeted\this\tformer minister\t of\t police\t and\t gladly\t restored\t him\t to\t his\t old\t post.\t During\t the\t 100\t days diat\tNapoleon\tremained\tin\tpower,\tuntil\tWaterloo,\tit\twas\tessentially\tFouche\twho governed\t France.\t After\t Napoleon\t fell,\t Louis\t XVIII\t returned\t to\t the\t throne,\t and like\ta\tcat\twith\tnine\tlives,\tFouche\tstayed\ton\tto\tserve\tin\tyet\tanother\tgovernmentby tiien\t his\t power\t and\t influence\t had\t grown\t so\t great\t that\t not\t even\t the\t king\t dared challenge\thim. Interpretation In\ta\tperiod\tof\tunprecedented\tturmoil,\tJoseph\tFouche\tthrived\tthrough\this mastery\tof\tthe\tart\tof\ttiming.\tHe\tteaches\tus\ta\tnumber\tof\tkey\tlessons. First,\tit\tis\tcritical\tto\trecognize\tthe\tspirit\tof\tthe\ttimes.\tFouche\talways\tlooked two\tsteps\tahead,\tfound\tthe\twave\tmat\twould\tcarry\thim\tto\tpower,\tand\trode\tit.\tYou must\talways\twork\twith\tthe\ttimes,\tanticipate\ttwists\tand\tturns,\tand\tnever\tmiss\tthe boat.\t Sometimes\t the\t spirit\t of\t the\t times\t is\t obscure:\t Recognize\t it\t not\t by\t what\t is loudest\t and\t most\t obvious\t in\t it,\t but\t by\t what\t lies\t hidden\t and\t dormant.\t Look forward\tto\tthe\tNapoleons\tof\tthe\tfuture\trather\tthan\tholding\ton\tto\tthe\truins\tof\tthe past. Second,\trecognizing\tthe\tprevailing\twinds\tdoes\tnot\tnecessarily\tmean\trunning with\t them.\t Any\t potent\t social\t movement\t creates\t a\t powerful\t reaction,\t and\t it\t is","wise\tto\tanticipate\twhat\tthat\treaction\twill\tbe,\tas\tFouche\tdid\tafter\tthe\texecution\tof Robespierre.\t Rather\t than\t ride\t the\t cresting\t wave\t of\t the\t moment,\t wait\t for\t the tide's\tebb\tto\tcarry\tyou\tback\tto\tpower.\tUpon\toccasion\tbet\ton\tthe\treaction\tthat\tis brewing,\tand\tplace\tyourself\tin\tthe\tvanguard\tof\tit. Finally,\t Fouche\t had\t remarkable\t patience.\t Without\t patience\t as\t your\t sword and\t shield,\t your\t timing\t will\t fail\t and\t you\t will\t inevitably\t find\t yourself\t a\t loser. When\tthe\ttimes\twere\tagainst\tFouche,\the\tdid\tnot\tstruggle,\tget\temotional,\tor\tstrike out\t rashly.\t He\t kept\t his\t cool\t and\t maintained\t a\t low\t profile,\t patiendy\t building support\tamong\tthe\tcitizenry,\tthe\tbulwark\tin\this\tnext\trise\tto\tpower.\tWhenever\the found\thimself\tin\tthe\tweaker\tposition,\the\tplayed\tfor\ttime,\twhich\the\tknew\twould always\tbe\this\tally\tif\the\twas\tpatient.\tRecognize\tthe\tmoment,\tthen,\tto\thide\tin\tdie grass\t or\t slither\t under\t a\t rock,\t as\t well\t as\t the\t moment\t to\t bare\t your\t fangs\t and attack. Space\twe\tcan\trecover,\ttime\tnever.\tNapoleon\tBonaparte,\t1769-1821 KEYS\tTO\tPOWER Time\t is\t an\t artificial\t concept\t diat\t we\t ourselves\t have\t created\t to\t make\t the limidessness\tof\teternity\tand\tdie\tuniverse\tmore\tbearable,\tmore\thuman.\tSince\twe have\tconstructed\tthe\tconcept\tof\ttime,\twe\tare\talso\table\tto\tmold\tit\tto\tsome\tdegree, to\t play\t tricks\t with\t it.\t The\t time\t of\t a\t child\t is\t long\t and\t slow,\t with\t vast\t expanses; the\t time\t of\t an\t adult\t whizzes\t by\t frighteningly\t fast.\t Time,\t then,\t depends\t on perception,\t which,\t we\t know,\t can\t be\t willfully\t altered.\t This\t is\t die\t first\t thing\t to understand\t in\t mastering\t the\t art\t of\t timing.\t If\t the\t inner\t turmoil\t caused\t by\t our emotions\t tends\t to\t make\t time\t move\t faster,\t it\t follows\t that\t once\t we\t control\t our emotional\t responses\t to\t events,\t time\t will\t move\t much\t more\t slowly.\t This\t altered way\tof\tdealing\twitii\ttilings\ttends\tto\tlengdien\tour\tperception\tof\tfuture\ttime,\topens up\t possibilities\t that\t fear\t and\t anger\t close\t off,\t and\t allows\t us\t the\t patience\t tiiat\t is the\tprincipal\trequirement\tin\tthe\tart\tof\ttiming. There\tare\tthree\tkinds\tof\ttime\tfor\tus\tto\tdeal\twith;\teach\tpresents\tproblems\tthat can\t be\t solved\t with\t skill\t and\t practice.\t First\t there\t is\t long\t time:\t the\t drawn-out, years-long\tkind\tof\ttime\tthat\tmust\tbe\tmanaged\twith\tpatience\tand\tgentle\tguidance. Our\t handling\t of\t long\t time\t should\t be\t mosdy\t defensivethis\t is\t die\t art\t of\t not reacting\timpulsively,\tof\twaiting\tfor\topportunity. we\tshall\tbe\tin\ttrouble.\\\"\tSo\the\thad\tthe\tfellow's\tfeet\tcut\toff.\tBoth\tfamilies\tdid exactly\t the\t same\t thing,\t but\t one\t timed\t it\t right,\t the\t other\t wrong.\t Thus\t success depends\ton\t...\trhythm. LlEH\tTZU,\tQUOTED\tIN\tTHE\tCHINESE\tLOOKING\tGLASS, Dennis\tBloodworth,\t1967 The\t sultan\t [of\t Persia]\t had\t sentenced\t two\t men\t to\t death.\t One\t of\t them, knowing\thow\tmuch\tthe\tsultan\tloved\this\tstallion,\toffered\tto\tteach\tthe\thorse\tto\tfly","within\ta\tyear\tin\treturn\tfor\this\tlife.\tThe\tsultan,\tfancying\thimself\tas\tthe\trider\tof\tthe only\tflying\thorse\tin\tthe\tworld,\tagreed.\tThe\tother\tprisoner\tlooked\tat\this\tfriend\tin disbelief.\t\u201cYou\tknow\thorses\tdon\t'tfly.\tWhat\tmade\tyou\tcome\tup\twith\ta\tcrazy\tidea like\t that\t You're\t only\t postponing\t the\t inevitable.\u201d\t \u201cNot\t so,\u201d\t said\t the\t [first prisoner].\t \u201cI\t have\t actually\t given\t myself\t four\t chances\t for\t freedom.\t First,\t the sultan\tmight\tdie\tduring\tthe\tyear.\tSecond,\tI\tmight\tdie.\tThird,\tthe\thorse\tmight\tdie. And\tfourth\t...\tI\tmight\tteach\tthe\thorse\tto\tfly!\u201d the\tcraft\tof\tpower. R.G.\tH.\tSiu, A\t fisherman\t in\t the\t month\t of\t May\t stood\t angling\t on\t the\t bank\t of\t the\t Thames with\tan\tartificial\tfly.\tHe\tthrew\this\tbait\twith\tso\tmuch\tart,\tthat\ta\tyoung\ttrout\twas rushing\t toward\t it,\t when\t she\t was\t prevented\t by\t her\t mother.\t \u201cNever,\t \u201d\t said\t she, \u201cmy\t child,\t be\t too\t precipitate,\t where\t there\t is\t a\t possibility\t of\t danger.\t Take\t due time\t to\t consider,\t before\t you\t risk\t an\t action\t that\t may\t be\t fatal.\t How\t know\t you whether\tyon\tappearance\tbe\tindeed\ta\tfly,\tor\tthe\tsnare\tof\tan\tenemy\tLet\tsomeone else\t make\t the\t experiment\t before\t you.\t If\t it\t be\t a\t fly,\t he\t will\t very\t probably\t elude the\t first\t attack:\t and\t the\t second\t may\t be\t made,\t if\t not\t with\t success,\t at\t least\t with safety.\u201d\tShe\thad\tno\tsooner\tspoken,\tthan\ta\tgudgeon\tseized\tthe\tpretended\tfly,\tand became\t an\t example\t to\t the\t giddy\t daughter\t of\t the\t importance\t of\t her\t mother's counsel. FABLES, Robert\tDodsley,\t1703-1764 Next\t there\t is\t forced\t time:\t the\t short-term\t time\t that\t we\t can\t manipulate\t as\t an offensive\t weapon,\t upsetting\t the\t timing\t of\t our\t opponents.\t Finally\t there\t is\t end time,\t when\t a\t plan\t must\t be\t executed\t with\t speed\t and\t force.\t We\t have\t waited, found\tthe\tmoment,\tand\tmust\tnot\thesitate. Long\t Time.\t The\t famous\t seventeenth-century\t Ming\t painter\t Chou\t Yung relates\ta\tstory\tthat\taltered\this\tbehavior\tforever.\tLate\tone\twinter\tafternoon\the\tset out\tto\tvisit\ta\ttown\tthat\tlay\tacross\tdie\triver\tfrom\this\town\ttown.\tHe\twas\tbringing some\timportant\tbooks\tand\tpapers\twith\thim\tand\thad\tcommissioned\ta\tyoung\tboy to\t help\t him\t carry\t them.\t As\t tile\t ferry\t neared\t the\t other\t side\t of\t the\t river,\t Chou Yung\t asked\t the\t boatman\t if\t they\t would\t have\t time\t to\t get\t to\t the\t town\t before\t its gates\tclosed,\tsince\tit\twas\ta\tmile\taway\tand\tnight\twas\tapproaching.\tThe\tboatman glanced\tat\tthe\tboy,\tand\tat\tthe\tbundle\tof\tloosely\ttied\tpapers\tand\tbooks\u201cYes,\u201d\the replied,\t\u201cif\tyou\tdo\tnot\twalk\ttoo\tfast.\u201d As\tthey\tstarted\tout,\thowever,\tthe\tsun\twas\tsetting.\tAfraid\tof\tbeing\tlocked\tout of\t the\t town\t at\t night,\t prey\t to\t local\t bandits,\t Chou\t and\t the\t boy\t walked\t faster\t and faster,\t finally\t breaking\t into\t a\t run.\t Suddenly\t the\t string\t around\t the\t papers\t broke and\tthe\tdocuments\tscattered\ton\tthe\tground.\tIt\ttook\tthem\tmany\tminutes\tto\tput\tthe","packet\ttogether\tagain,\tand\tby\tthe\ttime\tthey\thad\treached\tthe\tcity\tgates,\tit\twas\ttoo late. When\t you\t force\t the\t pace\t out\t of\t fear\t and\t impatience,\t you\t create\t a\t nest\t of problems\tthat\trequire\tfixing,\tand\tyou\tend\tup\ttaking\tmuch\tlonger\tthan\tif\tyou\thad taken\t your\t time.\t Hurriers\t may\t occasionally\t get\t there\t quicker,\t but\t papers\t fly everywhere,\tnew\tdangers\tarise,\tand\tthey\tfind\tthemselves\tin\tconstant\tcrisis\tmode, fixing\t the\t problems\t that\t they\t themselves\t have\t created.\t Sometimes\t not\t acting\t in the\t face\t of\t danger\t is\t your\t best\t moveyou\t wait,\t you\t deliberately\t slow\t down.\t As time\tpasses\tit\twill\teventually\tpresent\topportunities\tyou\thad\tnot\timagined. Waiting\t involves\t controlling\t not\t only\t your\t own\t emotions\t but\t those\t of\t your colleagues,\t who,\t mistaking\t action\t for\t power,\t may\t try\t to\t push\t you\t into\t making rash\t moves.\t In\t your\t rivals,\t on\t the\t other\t hand,\t you\t can\t encourage\t this\t same mistake:\t If\t you\t let\t them\t rush\t headlong\t into\t trouble\t while\t you\t stand\t back\t and wait,\tyou\twill\tsoon\tfind\tripe\tmoments\tto\tintervene\tand\tpick\tup\tthe\tpieces.\tThis wise\t policy\t was\t the\t principal\t strategy\t of\t the\t great\t early-seventeenth-century emperor\t Tokugawa\t Ieyasu\t of\t Japan.\t When\t his\t predecessor,\t the\t headstrong Hideyoshi,\twhom\the\tserved\tas\ta\tgeneral,\tstaged\ta\trash\tinvasion\tof\tKorea,\tIeyasu did\t not\t involve\t himself.\t He\t knew\t the\t invasion\t would\t be\t a\t disaster\t and\t would lead\tto\tHideyoshi's\tdownfall.\tBetter\tto\tstand\tpatientiy\ton\tthe\tsidelines,\teven\tfor many\tyears,\tand\tmen\tbe\tin\tposition\tto\tseize\tpower\twhen\tthe\ttime\tis\trightexactly what\tIeyasu\tdid,\twith\tgreat\tartistry. You\t do\t not\t deliberately\t slow\t time\t down\t to\t live\t longer,\t or\t to\t take\t more pleasure\t in\t the\t moment,\t but\t the\t better\t to\t play\t the\t game\t of\t power.\t First,\t when your\t mind\t is\t uncluttered\t by\t constant\t emergencies\t you\t will\t see\t further\t into\t the future.\tSecond,\tyou\twill\tbe\table\tto\tresist\tthe\tbaits\tthat\tpeople dangle\t in\t front\t of\t you,\t and\t will\t keep\t yourself\t from\t becoming\t another impatient\t sucker.\t Third,\t you\t will\t have\t more\t room\t to\t be\t flexible.\t Opportunities will\t inevitably\t arise\t that\t you\t had\t not\t expected\t and\t would\t have\t missed\t had\t you forced\t the\t pace.\t Fourth,\t you\t will\t not\t move\t from\t one\t deal\t to\t the\t next\t without completing\tdie\tfirst\tone.\tTo\tbuild\tyour\tpower's\tfoundation\tcan\ttake\tyears;\tmake sure\tthat\tfoundation\tis\tsecure.\tDo\tnot\tbe\ta\tflash\tin\tthe\tpansuccess\tthat\tis\tbuilt\tup slowly\tand\tsurely\tis\tthe\tonly\tkind\tthat\tlasts. Finally,\tslowing\ttime\tdown\twill\tgive\tyou\ta\tperspective\ton\tthe\ttimes\tyou\tlive in,\t letting\t you\t take\t a\t certain\t distance\t and\t putting\t you\t in\t a\t less\t emotionally charged\tposition\tto\tsee\tthe\tshapes\tof\tthings\tto\tcome.\tHurriers\twill\toften\tmistake surface\t phenomena\t for\t a\t real\t trend,\t seeing\t only\t what\t they\t want\t to\t see.\t How much\t better\t to\t see\t what\t is\t really\t happening,\t even\t if\t it\t is\t unpleasant\t or\t makes your\ttask\tharder. Forced\t Time.\t The\t trick\t in\t forcing\t time\t is\t to\t upset\t the\t timing\t of\t othersto","make\tthem\thurry,\tto\tmake\tdiem\twait,\tto\tmake\tdiem\tabandon\ttheir\town\tpace,\tto distort\tdieir\tperception\tof\ttime.\tBy\tupsetting\tthe\ttiming\tof\tyour\topponent\twhile you\tstay\tpatient,\tyou\topen\tup\ttime\tfor\tyourself,\twhich\tis\thalf\tthe\tgame. In\t1473\tthe\tgreat\tTurkish\tsultan\tMehmed\tthe\tConqueror\tinvited\tnegotiations with\tHungary\tto\tend\tthe\toff-and-on\twar\tthe\ttwo\tcountries\thad\twaged\tfor\tyears. When\t the\t Hungarian\t emissary\t arrived\t in\t Turkey\t to\t start\t the\t talks,\t Turkish officials\t humbly\t apologizedMehmed\t had\t just\t left\t Istanbul,\t the\t capital,\t to\t battie his\tlongtime\tfoe,\tUzun\tHasan.\tBut\the\turgently\twanted\tpeace\twith\tHungary,\tand had\tasked\tthat\tdie\temissary\tjoin\thim\tat\tthe\tfront. When\t the\t emissary\t arrived\t at\t die\t site\t of\t die\t fighting,\t Mehmed\t had\t already left\tit,\tmoving\teastward\tin\tpursuit\tof\this\tswift\tfoe.\tThis\thappened\tseveral\ttimes. Wherever\tthe\temissary\tstopped,\tthe\tTurks\tlavished\tgifts\tand\tbanquets\ton\thim,\tin pleasurable\t but\t time-consuming\t ceremonies.\t Finally\t Mehmed\t defeated\t Uzun and\t met\t witii\t die\t emissary.\t Yet\t his\t terms\t for\t peace\t widi\t Hungary\t were excessively\t harsh.\t After\t a\t few\t days,\t the\t negotiations\t ended,\t and\t the\t usual stalemate\t remained\t in\t place.\t But\t this\t was\t fine\t widi\t Mehmed.\t In\t fact\t he\t had planned\t it\t diat\t way\t all\t along:\t Plotting\t his\t campaign\t against\t Uzun,\t he\t had\t seen tiiat\tdiverting\this\tarmies\tto\tdie\teast\twould\tleave\this\twestern\tflank\tvulnerable.\tTo prevent\t Hungary\t from\t taking\t advantage\t of\t his\t weakness\t and\t his\t preoccupation elsewhere,\the\tfirst\tdangled\tthe\tlure\tof\tpeace\tbefore\this\tenemy,\tdien\tmade\tthem waitall\ton\this\town\tterms. Making\tpeople\twait\tis\ta\tpowerful\tway\tof\tforcing\ttime,\tas\tlong\tas\ttiiey\tdo\tnot figure\t out\t what\t you\t are\t up\t to.\t You\t control\t the\t clock,\t they\t linger\t in\t limboand rapidly\t come\t unglued,\t opening\t up\t opportunities\t for\t you\t to\t strike.\t The\t opposite effect\t is\t equally\t powerful:\t You\t make\t your\t opponents\t hurry.\t Start\t off\t your dealings\twith\tdiem\tslowly,\tdien\tsuddenly\tapply\tpressure,\tmaking\tdiem\tfeel\ttiiat everydiing\t is\t happening\t at\t once.\t People\t who\t lack\t the\t time\t to\t think\t will\t make mistakesso\tset\ttheir\tdeadlines\tfor\tthem. This\t was\t the\t technique\t Machiavelli\t admired\t in\t Cesare\t Borgia,\t who,\t during negotiations,\t would\t suddenly\t press\t vehementiy\t for\t a\t decision,\t upsetting\t his opponent's\ttiming\tand\tpatience.\tFor\twho\twould\tdare\tmake\tCesare\twait Joseph\t Duveen,\t the\t famous\t art\t dealer,\t knew\t that\t if\t he\t gave\t an\t indecisive buyer\t like\t John\t D.\t Rockefeller\t a\t deadlinethe\t painting\t had\t to\t leave\t the\t country, another\t tycoon\t was\t interested\t in\t itdie\t client\t would\t buy\t just\t in\t time.\t Freud noticed\t that\t patients\t who\t had\t spent\t years\t in\t psychoanalysis\t without improvement\twould\tmiraculously\trecover\tjust\tin\ttime\tif\the\tfixed\ta\tdefinite\tdate for\t the\t end\t of\t the\t therapy.\t Jacques\t Lacan,\t the\t famous\t French\t psychoanalyst, used\t a\t variation\t on\t this\t tactiche\t would\t sometimes\t end\t the\t customary\t hour session\t of\t therapy\t after\t only\t ten\t minutes,\t without\t warning.\t After\t this\t happened","several\ttimes,\tthe\tpatient\twould\trealize\tthat\the\thad\tbetter\tmake\tmaximum\tuse\tof the\t time,\t rather\t than\t wasting\t much\t of\t the\t hour\t with\t a\t lot\t of\t talk\t that\t meant nothing.\tThe\tdeadline,\tthen,\tis\ta\tpowerful\ttool.\tClose\toff\tthe\tvistas\tof\tindecision and\tforce\tpeople\tto\tmake\tup\ttheir\tdamn\tminds\tor\tget\tto\tthe\tpointnever\tlet\tthem make\tyou\tplay\ton\ttheir\texcruciating\tterms.\tNever\tgive\tthem\ttime. Magicians\t and\t showmen\t are\t experts\t in\t forcing\t time.\t Houdini\t could\t often wriggle\t free\t of\t handcuffs\t in\t minutes,\t but\t he\t would\t draw\t the\t escape\t out\t to\t an hour,\t making\t the\t audience\t sweat,\t as\t time\t came\t to\t an\t apparent\t standstill. Magicians\thave\talways\tknown\tthat\tthe\tbest\tway\tto\talter\tour\tperception\tof\ttime\tis often\tto\tslow\tdown\tthe\tpace.\tCreating\tsuspense\tbrings\ttime\tto\ta\tterrifying\tpause: The\t slower\t the\t magician's\t hands\t move,\t the\t easier\t it\t is\t to\t create\t the\t illusion\t of speed,\t making\t people\t think\t the\t rabbit\t has\t appeared\t instantaneously.\t The\t great nineteenth-century\tmagician\tJean-Eugene\tRobert-Houdin\ttook\texplicit\tnotice\tof this\teffect:\t\u201cThe\tmore\tslowly\ta\tstory\tis\ttold,\u201d\the\tsaid,\t\u201cthe\tshorter\tit\tseems.\u201d Going\t slower\t also\t makes\t what\t you\t are\t doing\t more\t interestingthe\t audience yields\t to\t your\t pace,\t becomes\t entranced.\t It\t is\t a\t state\t in\t which\t time\t whizzes delightfully\tby.\tYou\tmust\tpractice\tsuch\tillusions,\twhich\tshare\tin\tthe\thypnotist's power\tto\talter\tperceptions\tof\ttime. End\t Time.\t You\t can\t play\t the\t game\t with\t die\t utmost\t artistrywaiting\t patiently for\t the\t right\t moment\t to\t act,\t putting\t your\t competitors\t off\t their\t form\t by\t messing with\ttheir\ttimingbut\tit\twon't\tmean\ta\tthing\tunless\tyou\tknow\thow\tto\tfinish.\tDo\tnot be\t one\t of\t those\t people\t who\t look\t like\t paragons\t of\t patience\t but\t are\t actually\t just afraid\t to\t bring\t things\t to\t a\t close:\t Patience\t is\t worthless\t unless\t combined\t with\t a willingness\t to\t fall\t ruthlessly\t on\t your\t opponent\t at\t the\t right\t moment.\t You\t can wait\tas\tlong\tas\tnecessary\tfor\tthe\tconclusion\tto\tcome,\tbut\twhen\tit\tcomes\tit\tmust come\tquickly.\tUse\tspeed\tto\tparalyze\tyour\topponent,\tcover\tup\tany\tmistakes\tyou might\tmake,\tand\timpress\tpeople\twith\tyour\taura\tof\tauthority\tand\tfinality. With\tthe\tpatience\tof\ta\tsnake\tcharmer,\tyou\tdraw\tthe\tsnake\tout\twith\tcalm\tand steady\t rhythms.\t Once\t the\t snake\t is\t out,\t though,\t would\t you\t dangle\t your\t foot above\tits\tdeadly\thead\tThere\tis\tnever\ta\tgood\treason\tto\tallow\tthe slightest\t hitch\t in\t your\t endgame.\t Your\t mastery\t of\t timing\t can\t really\t only\t be judged\t by\t how\t you\t work\t with\t end\t timehow\t you\t quickly\t change\t the\t pace\t and bring\tthings\tto\ta\tswift\tand\tdefinitive\tconclusion. Image:\t The\t Hawk.\t Patiently\t and\t silently\t it\t circles\t the\t sky,\t high\t above,\t all- seeing\t with\t its\t powerful\t eyes.\t Those\t below\t have\t no\t awareness\t that\t they\t are being\ttracked.\tSuddenly,\twhen\tthe\tmoment\tarrives,\tthe\thawk\tswoops\tdown\twith a\t speed\t that\t cannot\t be\t defended\t against;\t before\t its\t prey\t knows\t what\t has happened,\tthe\tbird's\tviselike\ttalons\thave\tcarried\tit\tup\tinto\tthe\tsky. Authority:\t There\t is\t a\t tide\t in\t the\t affairs\t of\t men,\t \/\t Which,\t taken\t at\t the\t flood,","leads\ton\tto\tfortune;\t\/\tOmitted,\tall\tthe\tvoyage\tof\ttheir\tlife\t\/\tIs\tbound\tin\tshallows and\tin\tmiseries.\t{Julius\tCaesar,\tWilliam\tShakespeare,\t1564-1616) REVERSAL There\t is\t no\t power\t to\t be\t gained\t in\t letting\t go\t of\t the\t reins\t and\t adapting\t to whatever\t time\t brings.\t To\t some\t degree\t you\t must\t guide\t time\t or\t you\t will\t be\t its merciless\tvictim.\tThere\tis\taccordingly\tno\treversal\tto\tthis\tlaw.","48\tLaws\tof\tPower LAW\t36 DISDAIN\t THINGS\t YOU\t CANNOT\t HAVE:\t IGNORING\t THEM\t IS\t THE BEST\tREVENGE JUDGMENT By\tacknowledging\ta\tpetty\tproblem\tyou\tgive\tit\texistence\tand\tcredibility.\tThe more\t attention\t you\t pay\t an\t enemy,\t the\t stronger\t you\t make\t him;\t and\t a\t small mistake\t is\t often\t made\t worse\t and\t more\t visible\t when\t you\t try\t to\t fix\t it.\t It\t is sometimes\tbest\tto\tleave\tthings\talone.\tIf\tthere\tis\tsomething\tyou\twant\tbut\tcannot have,\t show\t contempt\t for\t it.\t The\t less\t interest\t you\t reveal,\t the\t more\t superior\t you seem. TRANSGRESSION\tOF\tTHE\tLAW The\t Mexican\t rebel\t leader\t Pancho\t Villa\t started\t out\t as\t the\t chief\t of\t a\t gang\t of bandits,\t but\t after\t revolution\t broke\t out\t in\t Mexico\t in\t 1910,\t he\t became\t a\t kind\t of folk\t herorobbing\t trains\t and\t giving\t the\t money\t to\t the\t poor,\t leading\t daring\t raids, and\t charming\t the\t ladies\t with\t romantic\t escapades.\t His\t exploits\t fascinated Americanshe\tseemed\ta\tman\tfrom\tanother\tera,\tpart\tRobin\tHood,\tpart\tDon\tJuan. After\t a\t few\t years\t of\t bitter\t fighting,\t however,\t General\t Carranza\t emerged\t as\t the victor\t in\t the\t Revolution;\t the\t defeated\t Villa\t and\t his\t troops\t went\t back\t home,\t to the\t northern\t state\t of\t Chihuahua.\t His\t army\t dwindled\t and\t he\t turned\t to\t banditry again,\tdamaging\this\tpopularity.\tFinally,\tperhaps\tout\tof\tdesperation,\the\tbegan\tto rail\tagainst\tdie\tUnited\tStates,\tdie\tgringos,\twhom\the\tblamed\tfor\this\ttroubles. In\tMarch\tof\t1916,\tPancho\tVilla\traided\tColumbus,\tNew\tMexico.\tRampaging through\t the\t town,\t he\t and\t his\t gang\t killed\t seventeen\t American\t soldiers\t and civilians.\tPresident\tWoodrow\tWilson,\tlike\tmany\tAmericans,\thad\tadmired\tVilla; now,\thowever,\tthe\tbandit\tneeded\tto\tbe\tpunished.\tWilson's\tadvisers\turged\thim\tto send\t troops\t into\t Mexico\t to\t capture\t Villa.\t For\t a\t power\t as\t large\t as\t the\t United States,\t they\t argued,\t not\t to\t strike\t back\t at\t an\t army\t that\t had\t invaded\t its\t territory would\t send\t the\t worst\t kind\t of\t signal.\t Furthermore,\t they\t continued,\t many Americans\tsaw\tWilson\tas\ta\tpacifist,\ta\tprinciple\tthe\tpublic\tdoubted\tas\ta\tresponse to\tviolence;\the\tneeded\tto\tprove\this\tmettle\tand\tmanliness\tby\tordering\tthe\tuse\tof force. The\tpressure\ton\tWilson\twas\tstrong,\tand\tbefore\tthe\tmonth\twas\tout,\twith\tthe approval\t of\t the\t Carranza\t government,\t he\t sent\t an\t army\t of\t ten\t thousand\t soldiers","to\tcapture\tPancho\tVilla.\tThe\tventure\twas\tcalled\tthe\tPunitive\tExpedition,\tand\tits leader\twas\tthe\tdashing\tGeneral\tJohn\tJ.\tPershing,\twho\thad\tdefeated\tguerrillas\tin the\t Philippines\t and\t Native\t Americans\t in\t the\t American\t Southwest.\t Certainly Pershing\tcould\tfind\tand\toverpower\tPancho\tVilla. The\t Punitive\t Expedition\t became\t a\t sensational\t story,\t and\t carloads\t of\t U.S. reporters\t followed\t Pershing\t into\t action.\t The\t campaign,\t they\t wrote,\t would\t be\t a test\t of\t American\t power.\t The\t soldiers\t carried\t the\t latest\t in\t weaponry, communicated\tby\tradio,\tand\twere\tsupported\tby\treconnaissance\tfrom\tthe\tair. In\tthe\tfirst\tfew\tmonths,\tthe\ttroops\tsplit\tup\tinto\tsmall\tunits\tto\tcomb\tthe\twilds of\t northern\t Mexico.\t The\t Americans\t offered\t a\t $50,000\t reward\t for\t information leading\t to\t Villa's\t capture.\t But\t the\t Mexican\t people,\t who\t had\t been\t disillusioned with\t Villa\t when\t he\t had\t returned\t to\t banditry,\t now\t idolized\t him\t for\t facing\t mis mighty\tAmerican\tarmy.\tThey\tbegan\tto\tgive\tPershing\tfalse\tleads:\tVilla\thad\tbeen seen\t in\t this\t village,\t or\t in\t that\t mountain\t hideaway,\t airplanes\t would\t be dispatched,\ttroops\twould\tscurry\tafter\tthem,\tand\tno\tone\twould\tever\tsee\thim.\tThe wily\tbandit\tseemed\tto\tbe\talways\tone\tstep\tahead\tof\tthe\tAmerican\tmilitary. By\t the\t summer\t of\t that\t year,\t the\t expedition\t had\t swelled\t to\t 123,000\t men. They\t suffered\t through\t the\t stultifying\t heat,\t the\t mosquitoes,\t the\t wild\t terrain. Trudging\tover\ta\tcountryside\tin\twhich\tthey\twere\talready\tresented, THE\tFOX\tAND\tTKR\tCHAPKS A\tstarving\tfox\t... saw\ta\tcluster Of\tluscious-looking grapes\tof\tpurplish luster Dangling\tabove\thim\ton a\ttrellis-frame. He\twould\thave\tdearly liked\tthem\tfor\this lunch, But\twhen\the\ttried\tand failed\tto\treach\tthe bunch: \\\"Ah\twell,\tit's\tmore\tthan likely\tthey're\tnot sweet Good\tonly\tfor\tgreen fools\tto\teat!\\\" Wasn\t'the\twise\tto\tsay\tthey\twere\tunripe\tRather\tthan\twhine\tand\tgripe","FABLES, Jean\tde\tLa\tFontaine,\t1621-1695 Once\t when\t G\t K.\t Chesterton's\t economic\t views\t were\t abused\t in\t print\t by George\t Bernard\t Shaw,\t his\t friends\t waited\t in\t vain\t for\t him\t to\t reply.\t Historian Hilaire\t Belloc\t reproached\t him.\t \u201cMy\t dear\t Belloc,\u201d\t Chesterton\t said,\t \u201cI\t have answered\thim.\tTo\ta\tman\tof\tShaw's\twit,\tsilence\tis\tthe\tone\tunbearable\trepartee.\u201d the\tlittle,\tbrown\tbook\tof\tanecdotes,\tClifton\tFadiman,\ted.,\t1985 An\t ass\t had\t once\t by\t some\t accident\t lost\t his\t tail,\t which\t was\t a\t grievous affliction\t to\t him;\t and\t he\t was\t everywhere\t seeking\t after\t it,\t being\t fool\t enough\t to think\the\tcould\tget\tit\tset\ton\tagain.\tHe\tpassed\tthrough\ta\tmeadow,\tand\tafterwards got\tinto\ta\tgarden.\tThe\tgardener\tseeing\thim,\tand\tnot\table\tto\tendure\tthe\tmischief he\twas\tdoing\tin\ttrampling\tdown\this\tplants,\tfell\tinto\ta\tviolent\trage,\tran\tto\tthe\tass, and\t never\t standing\t on\t the\t ceremony\t of\t a\t pillory,\t cut\t off\t both\t his\t ears,\t and\t beat him\tout\tof\tthe\tground.\tThus\tthe\tass,\twho\tbemoaned\tthe\tloss\tof\this\ttail,\twas\tin\tfar greater\taffliction\twhen\the\tsaw\thimself\twithout\tears. FABLES,\tPlLPAY, India,\tfourth\tcentury iiii:\tI'uomov\tox Once,\t when\t the\t Toku-daiji\t minister\t of\t the\t right\t was\t chief\t of\t the\t imperial police,\t he\t was\t holding\t a\t meeting\t of\t his\t staff\t at\t the\t middle\t gate\t when\t an\t ox belonging\tto\tan\tofficial\tnamed\tAkikane\tgot\tloose\tand\twandered\tinto\tthe\tministry building.\tIt\tclimbed\tup\ton they\t infuriated\t bodi\t the\t local\t people\t and\t the\t Mexican\t government.\t At\t one point\tPancho\tVilla\thid\tin\ta\tmountain\tcave\tto\trecover\tfrom\ta\tgunshot\twound\the received\tin\ta\tskirmish\twith\tthe\tMexican\tarmy;\tlooking\tdown\tfrom\this\taerie,\the could\twatch\tPershing\tlead\tthe\texhausted\tAmerican\ttroops\tback\tand\tforth\tacross the\tmountains,\tnever\tgetting\tany\tcloser\tto\ttheir\tgoal. All\t the\t way\t into\t winter,\t Villa\t played\t his\t cat-and-mouse\t game.\t Americans came\t to\t see\t the\t affair\t as\t a\t kind\t of\t slapstick\t farcein\t fact\t they\t began\t to\t admire Villa\tagain,\trespecting\this\tresourcefulness\tin\teluding\ta\tsuperior\tforce.\tIn\tJanuary of\t1917,\tWilson\tfinally\tordered\tPershing's\twithdrawal.\tAs\tthe\ttroops\tmade\ttheir way\t back\t to\t American\t territory,\t rebel\t forces\t pursued\t them,\t forcing\t the\t U.S. Army\t to\t use\t airplanes\t to\t protect\t its\t rear\t flanks.\t The\t Punitive\t Expedition\t was being\tpunished\titselfit\thad\tturned\tinto\ta\tretreat\tof\tthe\tmost\thumiliating\tsort. Interpretation Woodrow\tWilson\torganized\tthe\tPunitive\tExpedition\tas\ta\tshow\tof\tforce:\tHe would\tteach\tPancho\tVilla\ta\tlesson\tand\tin\tthe\tprocess\tshow\tthe\tworld\tthat no\tone,\tlarge\tor\tsmall,\tcould\tattack\tthe\tmighty\tUnited\tStates\tand\tget\taway with\tit.\tThe\texpedition\twould\tbe\tover\tin\ta\tfew\tweeks,\tand\tVilla\twould\tbe","forgotten. That\twas\tnot\thow\tit\tplayed\tout.\tThe\tlonger\tthe\texpedition\ttook,\tthe\tmore\tit focused\t attention\t on\t the\t Americans'\t incompetence\t and\t on\t Villa's\t cleverness. Soon\t what\t was\t forgotten\t was\t not\t Villa\t but\t the\t raid\t that\t had\t started\t it\t all.\t As\t a minor\t annoyance\t became\t an\t international\t embarrassment,\t and\t the\t enraged Americans\t dispatched\t more\t troops,\t die\t imbalance\t between\t die\t size\t of\t the pursuer\tand\tthe\tsize\tof\tdie\tpursuedwho\tstill\tmanaged\tto\tstay\tfreemade\tthe\taffair a\t joke.\t And\t in\t the\t end\t this\t white\t elephant\t of\t an\t army\t had\t to\t lumber\t out\t of Mexico,\thumiliated.\tThe\tPunitive\tExpedition\tdid\tthe\topposite\tof\twhat\tit\tset\tout to\tdo:\tIt\tleft\tVilla\tnot\tonly\tfree\tbut\tmore\tpopular\tthan\tever. What\t could\t Wilson\t have\t done\t differendy\t He\t could\t have\t pressured\t the Carranza\tgovernment\tto\tcatch\tVilla\tfor\thim.\tAlternatively,\tsince\tmany\tMexicans had\t tired\t of\t Villa\t before\t the\t Punitive\t Expedition\t began,\t he\t could\t have\t worked quietly\t with\t diem\t and\t won\t their\t support\t for\t a\t much\t smaller\t raid\t to\t capture\t the bandit.\t He\t could\t have\t organized\t a\t trap\t on\t the\t American\t side\t of\t the\t border, anticipating\tthe\tnext\traid.\tOr\the\tcould\thave\tignored\tdie\tmatter\taltogether\tfor\tthe time\t being,\t waiting\t for\t the\t Mexicans\t themselves\t to\t do\t away\t with\t Villa\t of\t their own\taccord. Remember:\t You\t choose\t to\t let\t things\t bother\t you.\t You\t can\t just\t as\t easily choose\t not\t to\t notice\t the\t irritating\t offender,\t to\t consider\t the\t matter\t trivial\t and unworthy\tof\tyour\tinterest.\tThat\tis\tthe\tpowerful\tmove.\tWhat\tyou\tdo\tnot\treact\tto cannot\t drag\t you\t down\t in\t a\t futile\t engagement.\t Your\t pride\t is\t not\t involved.\t The best\t lesson\t you\t can\t teach\t an\t irritating\t gnat\t is\t to\t consign\t it\t to\t oblivion\t by ignoring\tit.\tIf\tit\tis\timpossible\tto\tignore\t(Pancho\tVilla\thad\tin\tfact\tkilled\tAmerican citizens),\tthen\tconspire\tin\tsecret\tto\tdo\taway\twith\tit,\tbut never\tinadvertently\tdraw\tattention\tto\tthe\tbothersome\tinsect\tthat\twill\tgo\taway or\tdie\ton\tits\town.\tIf\tyou\twaste\ttime\tand\tenergy\tin\tsuch\tentanglements,\tit\tis\tyour own\t fault.\t Learn\t to\t play\t the\t card\t of\t disdain\t and\t turn\t your\t back\t on\t what\t cannot harm\tyou\tin\tthe\tlong\trun. Just\tthinkit\tcost\tyour\tgovernment\t$130\tmillion\tto\ttry\tto\tget\tme.\tI\ttook\tthem over\trough,\thilly\tcountry.\tSometimes\tfor\tfifty\tmiles\tat\ta\tstretch\tthey\thad\tno water. They\thad\tnothing\tbut\tthe\tsun\tand\tmosquitoes....\tAnd\tnothing\twas\tgained. Pancho\tVilla,\t1878-1923 OBSERVANCE\tOF\tTHE\tLAW In\tthe\tyear\t1527,\tKing\tHenry\tVIII\tof\tEngland\tdecided\the\thad\tto\tfind\ta\tway to\t get\t rid\t of\t his\t wife,\t Catherine\t of\t Aragon.\t Catherine\t had\t failed\t to\t produce\t a son,\t a\t male\t heir\t who\t would\t ensure\t the\t continuance\t of\t his\t dynasty,\t and\t Henry thought\the\tknew\twhy:\tHe\thad\tread\tin\tthe\tBible\tthe\tpassage,\t\u201cAnd\tif\ta\tman\tshall","take\t his\t brother's\t wife,\t it\t is\t an\t unclean\t thing:\t he\t hath\t uncovered\t his\t brother's nakedness;\t they\t shall\t be\t childless.\u201d\t Before\t marrying\t Henry,\t Catherine\t had married\t his\t older\t brother\t Arthur,\t but\t Arthur\t had\t died\t five\t months\t later.\t Henry had\twaited\tan\tappropriate\ttime,\tthen\thad\tmarried\this\tbrother's\twidow. Catherine\twas\tthe\tdaughter\tof\tKing\tFerdinand\tand\tQueen\tIsabella\tof\tSpain, and\t by\t marrying\t her\t Henry\t had\t kept\t alive\t a\t valuable\t alliance.\t Now,\t however, Catherine\thad\tto\tassure\thim\tthat\ther\tbrief\tmarriage\twith\tArthur\thad\tnever\tbeen consummated.\tOtherwise\tHenry\twould\tview\ttheir\trelationship\tas\tincestuous\tand their\tmarriage\tas\tnull\tand\tvoid.\tCatherine\tinsisted\tthat\tshe\thad\tremained\ta\tvirgin through\t her\t marriage\t to\t Arthur,\t and\t Pope\t Clement\t VII\t supported\t her\t by\t giving his\t blessing\t to\t the\t union,\t which\t he\t could\t not\t have\t done\t had\t he\t considered\t it incestuous.\tYet\tafter\tyears\tof\tmarriage\tto\tHenry,\tCatherine\thad\tfailed\tto\tproduce a\tson,\tand\tin\tthe\tearly\t1520s\tshe\thad\tentered\tmenopause.\tTo\tthe\tking\tthis\tcould only\t mean\t one\t thing:\t She\t had\t lied\t about\t her\t virginity,\t their\t union\t was incestuous,\tand\tGod\thad\tpunished\tthem. There\twas\tanother\treason\twhy\tHenry\twanted\tto\tget\trid\tof\tCatherine:\tHe\thad fallen\t in\t love\t with\t a\t younger\t woman,\t Anne\t Boleyn.\t Not\t only\t was\t he\t in\t love with\t her,\t but\t if\t he\t married\t her\t he\t could\t still\t hope\t to\t sire\t a\t legitimate\t son.\t The marriage\tto\tCatherine\thad\tto\tbe\tannulled.\tFor\tthis,\thowever,\tHenry\thad\tto\tapply to\tthe\tVatican.\tBut\tPope\tClement\twould\tnever\tannul\tthe\tmarriage. By\t the\t summer\t of\t 1527,\t rumors\t spread\t throughout\t Europe\t that\t Henry\t was about\t to\t attempt\t the\t impossibleto\t annul\t his\t marriage\t against\t Clement's\t wishes. Catherine\twould\tnever\tabdicate,\tlet\talone\tvoluntarily\tenter\ta\tnunnery,\tas\tHenry had\turged\ther.\tBut\tHenry\thad\this\town\tstrategy:\tHe\tstopped\tsleeping\tin\tthe\tsame bed\twith\tCatherine,\tsince\the\tconsidered\ther\this\tsister-in-law,\tnot\this\tlawful\twife. He\tinsisted\ton\tcalling\ther\tPrincess the\tdais\twhere\tthe\tchief\twas\tseated\tand\tlay\tthere,\tchewing\tits\tcud.\tEveryone was\tsure\tthat\tthis\twas\tsome\tgrave\tportent,\tand\turged\tthat\tthe\tox\tbe\tsent\tto\ta\tyin- yang\tdiviner.\tHowever,\tthe\tprime\tminister,\tthe\tfather\tof\tthe\tminister\tof\tthe\tright, said,\t \u201cAn\t ox\t has\t no\t discrimination.\t It\t has\t legsthere\t is\t nowhere\t it\t won't\t go.\t It does\tnot\tmake\tsense\tto\tdeprive\tan\tunderpaid\tofficial\tof\tthe\twretched\tox\the\tneeds in\t order\t to\t attend\t court.\u201d\t He\t returned\t the\t ox\t to\t its\t owner\t and\t changed\t the matting\ton\twhich\tit\thad\tlain.\tNo\tuntoward\tevent\tof\tany\tkind\toccurred\tafterward. They\t say\t that\t if\t you\t see\t a\t prodigy\t and\t do\t not\t treat\t it\t as\t such,\t its\t character\t as\t a prodigy\tis\tdestroyed. essays\tin\tidleness, Kenko, Japan, fourteenth\tcentury","And\tin\tthis\tview\tit\tis\tadvisable\tto\tlet\teveryone\tof\tyour\tacquaintance\twhether man\t or\t womanfeel\t now\t and\t then\t that\t you\t could\t very\t well\t dispense\t with\t their company.\t This\t will\t consolidate\t friendship.\t Nay,\t with\t most\t people\t there\t will\t be no\tharm\tin\toccasionally\tmixing\ta\tgrain\tof\tdisdain\twith\tyour\ttreatment\tof\tthem; that\t will\t make\t them\t value\t your\t friendship\t all\t the\t more.\t Chi\t non\t stima\t vien stimato,\tas\ta\tsubtle\tItalian\tproverb\thas\titto\tdisregard\tis\tto\twin\tregard.\tBut\tif\twe really\tthink\tvery\thighly\tof\ta\tperson,\twe\tshould\tconceal\tit\tfrom\thim\tlike\ta\tcrime. This\tis\tnot\ta\tvery\tgratifying\tthing\tto\tdo,\tbut\tit\tis\tright.\tWhy,\ta\tdog\twill\tnot\tbear being\ttreated\ttoo\tkindly,\tlet\talone\ta\tman! Arthur Schopenhauer, 1788-1860 A\tmonkey\twas\tcarrying\ttwo\thandfuls\tof\tpeas.\tOne\tlittle\tpea\tdropped\tout.\tHe tried\tto\tpick\tit\tup,\tand\tspilt\ttwenty.\tHe\ttried\tto\tpick\tup\tthe\ttwenty,\tand\tspilt\tthem all.\tThen\the\tlost\this\ttemper,\tscattered\tthe\tpeas\tin\tall\tdirections,\tand\tran\taway. FABLES, Leo\tTolstoy,\t1828-1910 Dowager\tof\tWales,\ther\ttitle\tas\tArthur's\twidow.\tFinally,\tin\t1531,\the\tbanished her\t from\t court\t and\t shipped\t her\t off\t to\t a\t distant\t casde.\t The\t pope\t ordered\t him\t to return\t her\t to\t court,\t on\t pain\t of\t excommunication,\t the\t most\t severe\t penalty\t a Catholic\t could\t suffer.\t Henry\t not\t only\t ignored\t diis\t threat,\t he\t insisted\t that\t his marriage\tto\tCadierine\thad\tbeen\tdissolved,\tand\tin\t1533\the\tmarried\tAnne\tBoleyn. Clement\t refused\t to\t recognize\t the\t marriage,\t but\t Henry\t did\t not\t care.\t He\t no longer\trecognized\tthe\tpope's\tautiiority,\tand\tproceeded\tto\tbreak\twith\tthe\tRoman Catholic\t Church,\t establishing\t the\t Church\t of\t England\t in\t its\t stead,\t with\t the\t king as\t the\t head\t of\t the\t new\t church.\t And\t so,\t not\t surprisingly,\t the\t newly\t formed Church\tof\tEngland\tproclaimed\tAnne\tBoleyn\tEngland's\trightful\tqueen. The\t pope\t tried\t every\t threat\t in\t the\t book,\t but\t nothing\t worked.\t Henry\t simply ignored\t him.\t Clement\t fumedno\t one\t had\t ever\t treated\t him\t so\t contemptuously. Henry\t had\t humiliated\t him\t and\t he\t had\t no\t power\t of\t recourse.\t Even excommunication\t (which\t he\t constantly\t threatened\t but\t never\t carried\t out)\t would no\tlonger\tmatter. Catherine\ttoo\tfelt\tthe\tdevastating\tsting\tof\tHenry's\tdisdain.\tShe\ttried\tto\tfight back,\tbut\tin\tappealing\tto\tHenry\ther\twords\tfell\ton\tdeaf\tears,\tand\tsoon\tthey\tfell\ton no\t one's.\t Isolated\t from\t die\t court,\t ignored\t by\t die\t king,\t mad\t widi\t anger\t and frustration,\t Cadierine\t slowly\t deteriorated,\t and\t finally\t died\t in\t January\t of\t 1536, from\ta\tcancerous\ttumor\tof\tthe\theart. Interpretation When\tyou\tpay\tattention\tto\ta\tperson,\tthe\ttwo\tof\tyou\tbecome\tpartners\tof\tsorts,","each\tmoving\tin\tstep\tto\tdie\tactions\tand\treactions\tof\tthe\totiier.\tIn\tthe\tprocess\tyou lose\t your\t initiative.\t It\t is\t a\t dynamic\t of\t all\t interactions:\t By\t acknowledging\t otiier people,\teven\tif\tonly\tto\tfight\twith\tthem,\tyou\topen\tyourself\tto\tdieir\tinfluence.\tHad Henry\t locked\t horns\t with\t Cadierine,\t he\t would\t have\t found\t himself\t mired\t in endless\t arguments\t tiiat\t would\t have\t weakened\t his\t resolve\t and\t eventually\t worn him\t down.\t (Cadierine\t was\t a\t strong,\t stubborn\t woman.)\t Had\t he\t set\t out\t to convince\t Clement\t to\t change\t his\t verdict\t on\t the\t marriage's\t validity,\t or\t tried\t to compromise\t and\t negotiate\t with\t him,\t he\t would\t have\t gotten\t bogged\t down\t in Clement's\t favorite\t tactic:\t playing\t for\t time,\t promising\t flexibility,\t but\t actually getting\twhat\tpopes\talways\tgot\tdieir\tway. Henry\t would\t have\t none\t of\t this.\t He\t played\t a\t devastating\t power\t gametotal disdain.\t By\t ignoring\t people\t you\t cancel\t diem\t out.\t This\t unset-ties\t and\t infuriates thembut\tsince\tthey\thave\tno\tdealings\twitii\tyou,\tdiere\tis\tnotiiing\tthey\tcan\tdo. This\t is\t the\t offensive\t aspect\t of\t the\t law.\t Playing\t the\t card\t of\t contempt\t is immensely\tpowerful,\tfor\tit\tlets\tyou\tdetermine\tthe\tconditions\tof\tdie\tconflict.\tThe war\tis\twaged\ton\tyour\tterms.\tThis\tis\tthe\tultimate\tpower\tpose:\tYou\tare\tthe\tking, and\tyou\tignore\twhat\toffends\tyou.\tWatch\thow\ttins\ttactic\tinfuriates\tpeoplehalf\tof what\tthey\tdo\tis\tto\tget\tyour\tattention,\tand\twhen\tyou\twithhold\tit\tfrom\tthem,\tthey flounder\tin\tfrustration. MAN:\tKick\thimhe'll\tforgive\tyou.\tFlatter\thimhe\tmay\tor\tmay\tnot see\tthrough\tyou.\tBut\tignore\thim\tand\the'll\thate\tyou. Idries\tShah,\tCaravan\tof\tDreams,\t1968 KEYS\tTO\tPOWER Desire\t often\t creates\t paradoxical\t effects:\t The\t more\t you\t want\t something,\t the more\tyou\tchase\tafter\tit,\tthe\tmore\tit\teludes\tyou.\tThe\tmore\tinterest\tyou\tshow,\tthe more\t you\t repel\t the\t object\t of\t your\t desire.\t This\t is\t because\t your\t interest\t is\t too strongit\t makes\t people\t awkward,\t even\t fearful.\t Uncontrollable\t desire\t makes\t you seem\tweak,\tunworthy,\tpathetic. You\t need\t to\t turn\t your\t back\t on\t what\t you\t want,\t show\t your\t contempt\t and disdain.\tThis\tis\tthe\tkind\tof\tpowerful\tresponse\tmat\twill\tdrive\tyour\ttargets\tcrazy. They\twill\trespond\twith\ta\tdesire\tof\ttheir\town,\twhich\tis\tsimply\tto\thave\tan\teffect on\tyouperhaps\tto\tpossess\tyou,\tperhaps\tto\thurt\tyou.\tIf\tthey\twant\tto\tpossess\tyou, you\thave\tsuccessfully\tcompleted\tthe\tfirst\tstep\tof\tseduction.\tIf\tthey\twant\tto\thurt you,\tyou\thave\tunsettled\tthem\tand\tmade\tthem\tplay\tby\tyour\trules\t(see\tLaws\t8\tand 39\ton\tbaiting\tpeople\tinto\taction). Contempt\t is\t the\t prerogative\t of\t the\t king.\t Where\t his\t eyes\t turn,\t what\t he decides\tto\tsee,\t is\twhat\thas\t reality;\twhat\the\tignores\t and\tturns\this\tback\ton\tis\t as good\tas\tdead.\tThat\twas\tthe\tweapon\tof\tKing\tLouis\tXIVif\the\tdid\tnot\tlike\tyou,\the acted\t as\t if\t you\t were\t not\t there,\t maintaining\t his\t superiority\t by\t cutting\t off\t the","dynamic\t of\t interaction.\t This\t is\t the\t power\t you\t have\t when\t you\t play\t the\t card\t of contempt,\tperiodically\tshowing\tpeople\tmat\tyou\tcan\tdo\twithout\tthem. If\t choosing\t to\t ignore\t enhances\t your\t power,\t it\t follows\t that\t the\t opposite approachcommitment\t and\t engagementoften\t weakens\t you.\t By\t paying\t undue attention\t to\t a\t puny\t enemy,\t you\t look\t puny,\t and\t the\t longer\t it\t takes\t you\t to\t crush such\tan\tenemy,\tthe\tlarger\tthe\tenemy\tseems.\tWhen\tAthens\tset\tout\tto\tconquer\ttlie island\t of\t Sicily,\t in\t 415\t B.C.,\t a\t giant\t power\t was\t attacking\t a\t tiny\t one.\t Yet\t by entangling\t Athens\t in\t a\t long-drawn-out\t conflict,\t Syracuse,\t Sicily's\t most important\t city-state,\t was\t able\t to\t grow\t in\t stature\t and\t confidence.\t Finally defeating\t Athens,\t it\t made\t itself\t famous\t for\t centuries\t to\t come.\t In\t recent\t times, President\tJohn\tF.\tKennedy\tmade\ta\tsimilar\tmistake\tin\this\tattitude\tto\tFidel\tCastro of\t Cuba:\t His\t failed\t invasion\t at\t the\t Bay\t of\t Pigs,\t in\t 1961,\t made\t Castro\t an international\thero. A\t second\t danger:\t If\t you\t succeed\t in\t crushing\t the\t irritant,\t or\t even\t if\t you merely\twound\tit,\tyou\tcreate\tsympathy\tfor\tthe\tweaker\tside.\tCritics\tof\tFranklin\tD. Roosevelt\t complained\t bitterly\t about\t the\t money\t his\t administration\t spent\t on government\t projects,\t but\t their\t attacks\t had\t no\t resonance\t with\t the\t public,\t who saw\t the\t president\t as\t working\t to\t end\t die\t Great\t Depression.\t His\t opponents thought\tthey\thad\tan\texample\tthat\twould\tshow\tjust\thow\twasteful\the\thad\tbecome: his\t dog,\t Fala,\t which\t he\t lavished\t with\t favors\t and\t attention.\t Critics\t railed\t at\t his insensitivityspending\ttaxpayers'\tmoney\ton\ta\tdog\twhile\tso\tmany\tAmericans\twere still\t in\t poverty.\t But\t Roosevelt\t had\t a\t response:\t How\t dare\t his\t critics\t attack\t a defenseless\tlittle\tdog As\t some\t make\t gossip\t out\t of\t everything,\t so\t others\t make\t much\t ado\t about everything.\tThey\tare\talways\ttalking\tbig,\t[and]\ttake\teverything\tseriously,\tmaking a\tquarrel\tand\ta\tmystery\tof\tit.\tYou\tshould\ttake\tvery\tfew\tgrievances\tto\theart,\tfor to\tdo\tso\tis\tto\tgive\tyourself\tgroundless\tworry.\tIt\tis\ta\ttopsyturvy\tway\tof\tbehaving to\ttake\tto\theart\tcares\twhich\tyou\tought\tto\tthrow\tover\tyour\tshoulder.\tMany\tthings which\tseemed\timportant\t[at\tthe\ttime]\tturn\tout\tto\tbe\tof\tno\taccount\twhen\tthey\tare ignored;\t and\t others,\t which\t seem\t trifling,\t appear\t formidable\t when\t you\t pay attention\tto\tthem.\tThings\tcan\teasily\tbe\tsettled\tat\tthe\toutset,\tbut\tnot\tso\tlater\ton.\tIn many\t cases,\t the\t remedy\t itself\t is\t the\t cause\t of\t the\t disease:\t to\t let\t things\t be\t is\t not the\tleast\tsatisfactory\tof\tlife's\trules. Baltasar\tGraciAn,\t1601-1658 There\twas\ta\tcertain original\tman\twho desired\tto\tcatch\this own\tshadow.\tHe\tmakes a\tstep\tor\ttwo\ttoward\tit,","but\tit\tmoves\taway\tfrom him.\tHe\tquickens\this pace;\tit\tdoes\tthe\tsame. At\tlast\the\ttakes\tto running;\tbut\tthe quicker\the\tgoes,\tthe quicker\truns\tthe shadow\talso,\tutterly refusing\tto\tgive\titself up,\tjust\tas\tif\tit\thad\tbeen a\ttreasure.\tBut\tsee!\tour eccentric\tfriend suddenly\tturns\tround, and\twalks\taway\tfrom it.\tAnd\tpresently\the looks\tbehind\thim;\tnow the\tshadow\truns after\thim. Ladies\tfair,\tI\thave often\tobserved\t...\tthat Fortune\ttreats\tus\tin\ta similar\tway.\tOne\tman tries\twith\tall\this\tmight to\tseize\tthe\tgoddess, and\tonly\tloses\this\ttime and\this\ttrouble. Another\tseems,\tto\tall appearance,\tto\tbe running\tout\tof\ther sight;\tbut,\tno:\tshe herself\ttakes\ta\tpleasure in\tpursuing\thim. FABLES, Ivan\tKriloff,\t1768-1844 His\t speech\t in\t defense\t of\t Fala\t was\t one\t of\t the\t most\t popular\t he\t ever\t gave.\t In this\t case,\t the\t weak\t party\t involved\t was\t the\t president's\t dog\t and\t the\t attack backfiredin\t the\t long\t run,\t it\t only\t made\t the\t president\t more\t sympadietic,\t since many\tpeople\twill\tnaturally\tside\twith\tthe\t\u201cunderdog,\u201d\tjust\tas\tthe\tAmerican\tpublic came\tto\tsympathize\twith\tthe\twily\tbut\toutnumbered\tPan-cho\tVilla.","It\tis\ttempting\tto\twant\tto\tfix\tour\tmistakes,\tbut\tthe\tharder\twe\ttry,\tthe\tworse\twe often\t make\t them.\t It\t is\t sometimes\t more\t politic\t to\t leave\t them\t alone.\t In\t 1971, when\t the\t New\t York\t Times\t published\t die\t Pentagon\t Papers,\t a\t group\t of government\t documents\t about\t the\t history\t of\t U.S.\t involvement\t in\t Indochina, Henry\t Kissinger\t erupted\t into\t a\t volcanic\t rage.\t Furious\t about\t die\t Nixon administration's\t vulnerability\t to\t diis\t kind\t of\t damaging\t leak,\t he\t made recommendations\t that\t eventually\t led\t to\t the\t formation\t of\t a\t group\t called\t die Plumbers\t to\t plug\t die\t leaks.\t This\t was\t the\t unit\t that\t later\t broke\t into\t Democratic Party\t offices\t in\t the\t Watergate\t Hotel,\t setting\t off\t the\t chain\t of\t events\t that\t led\t to Nixon's\t downfall.\t In\t reality\t the\t publication\t of\t the\t Pentagon\t Papers\t was\t not\t a serious\tdireat\tto\tthe\tadministration,\tbut\tKissinger's\treaction\tmade\tit\ta\tbig\tdeal.\tIn trying\tto\tfix\tone\tproblem,\the\tcreated\tan-otiier:\ta\tparanoia\tfor\tsecurity\tthat\tin\tdie end\twas\tmuch\tmore\tdestructive\tto\tthe\tgovernment.\tHad\the\tignored\tthe\tPentagon Papers,\tthe\tscandal\tthey\thad\tcreated\twould\teventually\thave\tblown\tover. Instead\t of\t inadvertendy\t focusing\t attention\t on\t a\t problem,\t making\t it\t seem worse\tby\tpublicizing\thow\tmuch\tconcern\tand\tanxiety\tit\tis\tcausing\tyou,\tit\tis\toften far\t wiser\t to\t play\t die\t contemptuous\t aristocrat,\t not\t deigning\t to\t acknowledge\t die problem's\texistence.\tThere\tare\tseveral\tways\tto\texecute\tthis\tstrategy. First\t there\t is\t the\t sour-grapes\t approach.\t If\t there\t is\t something\t you\t want\t but that\tyou\trealize\tyou\tcannot\thave,\tthe\tworst\tthing\tyou\tcan\tdo\tis\tdraw\tattention\tto your\tdisappointment\tby\tcomplaining\tabout\tit.\tAn\tinfinitely\tmore\tpowerful\ttactic is\t to\t act\t as\t if\t it\t never\t really\t interested\t you\t in\t the\t first\t place.\t When\t the\t writer George\t Sand's\t supporters\t nominated\t her\t to\t be\t the\t first\t female\t member\t of\t the Academie\t Francaise,\t in\t 1861,\t Sand\t quickly\t saw\t that\t the\t academy\t would\t never admit\t her.\t Instead\t of\t whining,\t though,\t she\t claimed\t she\t had\t no\t interest\t in belonging\t to\t this\t group\t of\t worn-out,\t overrated,\t out-of-touch\t windbags.\t Her disdain\twas\tdie\tperfect\tresponse:\tHad\tshe\tshown\ther\tanger\tat\ther\texclusion,\tshe would\thave\trevealed\thow\tmuch\tit\tmeant\tto\ther.\tInstead\tshe\tbranded\tthe\tacademy a\tclub\tof\told\tmenand\twhy\tshould\tshe\tbe\tangry\tor\tdisappointed\tat\tnot\thaving\tto spend\ther\ttime\twith\tthem\tCrying\t\u201csour\tgrapes\u201d\tis\tsometimes\tseen\tas\ta\treflection of\tthe\tweak;\tit\tis\tactually\tthe\ttactic\tof\tthe\tpowerful. Second,\t when\t you\t are\t attacked\t by\t an\t inferior,\t deflect\t people's\t attention\t by making\t it\t clear\t that\t die\t attack\t has\t not\t even\t registered.\t Look\t away,\t or\t answer sweetly,\t showing\t how\t litde\t the\t attack\t concerns\t you.\t Similarly,\t when\t you yourself\t have\t committed\t a\t blunder,\t the\t best\t response\t is\t often\t to\t make\t less\t of your\tmistake\tby\ttreating\tit\tlightly. The\tJapanese\temperor\tGo-Saiin,\ta\tgreat\tdisciple\tof\tthe\ttea\tceremony, owned\t a\t priceless\t antique\t tea\t bowl\t that\t all\t the\t courtiers\t envied.\t One\t day\t a guest,\tDainagon\tTsunehiro,\tasked\tif\the\tcould\tcarry\tthe\ttea\tbowl\tinto\tthe\tlight,\tto","examine\t it\t more\t closely.\t The\t bowl\t rarely\t left\t the\t table,\t but\t the\t emperor\t was\t in good\tspirits\tand\the\tconsented.\tAs\tDainagon\tcarried\tthe\tbowl\tto\tthe\trailing\tof\tthe verandah,\thowever,\tand\theld\tit\tup\tto\tthe\tlight,\tit\tslipped\tfrom\this\thands\tand\tfell on\ta\trock\tin\tthe\tgarden\tbelow,\tsmashing\tinto\ttiny\tfragments. The\temperor\tof\tcourse\twas\tfurious.\t\u201cIt\twas\tindeed\tmost\tclumsy\tof\tme\tto\tlet it\t drop\t in\t this\t way,\u201d\t said\t Dainagon,\t with\t a\t deep\t bow,\t \u201cbut\t really\t there\t is\t not much\tharm\tdone.\tThis\tIdo\ttea-bowl\tis\ta\tvery\told\tone\tand\tit\tis\timpossible\tto\tsay how\tmuch\tlonger\tit\twould\thave\tlasted,\tbut\tanyhow\tit\tis\tnot\ta\tthing\tof\tany\tpublic use,\t so\t I\t think\t it\t rather\t fortunate\t that\t it\t has\t broken\t thus.\u201d\t This\t surprising response\thad\tan\timmediate\teffect:\tThe\temperor\tcalmed\tdown.\tDainagon\tneither sniveled\t nor\t overapologized,\t but\t signaled\t his\t own\t worth\t and\t power\t by\t treating his\t mistake\t with\t a\t touch\t of\t disdain.\t The\t emperor\t had\t to\t respond\t with\t a\t similar aristocratic\t indifference;\t his\t anger\t had\t made\t him\t seem\t low\t and\t pettyan\t image Dainagon\twas\table\tto\tmanipulate. Among\tequals\tthis\ttactic\tmight\tbackfire:\tYour\tindifference\tcould\tmake\tyou seem\tcallous.\tBut\twith\ta\tmaster,\tif\tyou\tact\tquickly\tand\twithout\tgreat\tfuss,\tit\tcan work\t to\t great\t effect:\t You\t bypass\t his\t angry\t response,\t save\t him\t the\t time\t and energy\t he\t would\t waste\t by\t brooding\t over\t it,\t and\t allow\t him\t the\t opportunity\t to display\this\town\tlack\tof\tpettiness\tpublicly. If\t we\t make\t excuses\t and\t denials\t when\t we\t are\t caught\t in\t a\t mistake\t or\t a deception,\twe\t stir\t the\t waters\t and\t make\t the\t situation\t worse.\t It\t is\t often\t wiser\t to play\t things\t the\t opposite\t way.\t The\t Renaissance\t writer\t Pietro\t Aretino\t often boasted\tof\this\taristocratic\tlineage,\twhich\twas,\tof\tcourse,\ta\tfiction,\tsince\the\twas actually\t the\t son\t of\t a\t shoemaker.\t When\t an\t enemy\t of\t his\t finally\t revealed\t the embarrassing\ttruth,\tword\tquickly\tspread,\tand\tsoon\tall\tof\tVenice\t(where\the\tlived at\t the\t time)\t was\t aghast\t at\t Aretino's\t lies.\t Had\t he\t tried\t to\t defend\t himself,\t he would\t have\t only\t dragged\t himself\t down.\t His\t response\t was\t masterful:\t He announced\t that\t he\t was\t indeed\t the\t son\t of\t a\t shoemaker,\t but\t this\t only\t proved\t his greatness,\t since\t he\t had\t risen\t from\t the\t lowest\t stratum\t of\t society\t to\t its\t very pinnacle.\t From\t then\t on\t he\t never\t mentioned\t his\t previous\t lie,\t trumpeting\t instead his\tnew\tposition\ton\tthe\tmatter\tof\this\tancestry. Remember:\t The\t powerful\t responses\t to\t niggling,\t petty\t annoyances\t and irritations\t are\t contempt\t and\t disdain.\t Never\t show\t that\t something\t has\t affected you,\tor\tthat\tyou\tare\toffendedthat\tonly\tshows\tyou\thave\tacknowledged\ta\tproblem. Contempt\tis\ta\tdish\tthat\tis\tbest\tserved\tcold\tand\twithout\taffectation. Image: The\tTiny Wound. It\t is\t small\t but\t painful\t and\t irritating.\t You\t try\t all\t sorts\t of\t medicaments,\t you","complain,\t you\t scratch\t and\t pick\t at\t the\t scab.\t Doctors\t only\t make\t it\t worse, transforming\tthe\ttiny\twound\tinto\ta\tgrave\tmatter.\tIf\tonly\tyou\thad\tleft\tthe\twound alone,\tletting\ttime\theal\tit\tand\tfreeing\tyourself\tof\tworry. Authority:\tKnow\thow\tto\tplay\tthe\tcard\tof\tcontempt.\tIt\tis\tthe\tmost\tpolitic\tkind of\trevenge.\tFor\tthere\tare\tmany\tof\twhom\twe\tshould\thave\tknown\tnothing\tif\ttheir distinguished\t opponents\t had\t taken\t no\t notice\t of\t them.\t There\t is\t no\t revenge\t like oblivion,\t for\t it\t is\t the\t entombment\t of\t the\t unworthy\t in\t the\t dust\t of\t their\t own nothingness.\t(Baltasar\tGracian,\t1601-1658) REVERSAL You\t must\t play\t the\t card\t of\t contempt\t with\t care\t and\t delicacy.\t Most\t small troubles\twill\tvanish\ton\ttheir\town\tif\tyou\tleave\tdiem\tbe;\tbut\tsome\twill\tgrow\tand fester\tunless\tyou\tattend\tto\tthem.\tIgnore\ta\tperson\tof\tinferior\tstature\tand\tthe\tnext time\t you\t look\t he\t has\t become\t a\t serious\t rival,\t and\t your\t contempt\t has\t made\t him vengeful\tas\twell.\tThe\tgreat\tprinces\tof\tRenaissance\tItaly\tchose\tto\tignore\tCesare Borgia\t at\t the\t outset\t of\t his\t career\t as\t a\t young\t general\t in\t the\t army\t of\t his\t father, Pope\t Alexander\t VI.\t By\t the\t time\t they\t paid\t attention\t it\t was\t too\t latedie\t cub\t was now\ta\tlion,\tgobbling\tup\tchunks\tof\tItaly.\tOften,\ttlien,\twhile\tyou\tshow\tcontempt publicly\tyou\twill\talso\tneed\tto\tkeep\tan\teye\ton\tthe\tproblem\tprivately,\tmonitoring its\tstatus\tand\tmaking\tsure\tit\tgoes\taway.\tDo\tnot\tlet\tit\tbecome\ta\tcancerous\tcell. Develop\t the\t skill\t of\t sensing\t problems\t when\t they\t are\t still\t small\t and\t taking care\t of\t them\t before\t they\t become\t intractable.\t Learn\t to\t distinguish\t between\t the potentially\t disastrous\t and\t the\t mildly\t irritating,\t the\t nuisance\t that\t will\t quietiy\t go away\t on\t its\t own.\t In\t eidier\t case,\t though,\t never\t completely\t take\t your\t eye\t off\t it. As\tlong\tas\tit\tis\talive\tit\tcan\tsmolder\tand\tspark\tinto\tlife.","48\tLaws\tof\tPower LAW\t37 CREATE\tCOMPELLING\tSPECTACLES JUDGMENT Striking\t imagery\t and\t grand\t symbolic\t gestures\t create\t the\t aura\t of powereveryone\t responds\t to\t them.\t Stage\t spectacles\t for\t those\t around\t you,\t then, full\t of\t arresting\t visuals\t and\t radiant\t symbols\t that\t heighten\t your\t presence. Dazzled\tby\tappearances,\tno\tone\twill\tnotice\twhat\tyou\tare\treally\tdoing. ANTONY\tANDCI.KOI'VIHA She\t relied\t above\t all\t upon\t her\t physical\t presence\t and\t the\t spell\t and enchantment\twhich\tit\tcould\tcreate....\tShe\tcame\tsailing\tup\tthe\triver\tCydnus\tin\ta barge\t with\t a\t poop\t of\t gold,\t its\t purple\t sails\t billowing\t in\t the\t wind,\t while\t her rowers\tcaressed\tthe\twater\twith\toars\tof\tsilver\twhich\tdipped\tin\ttime\tto\tthe\tmusic of\tthe\tflute,\taccompanied\tby\tpipes\tand\tlutes.\tCleopatra\therself\treclined\tbeneath\ta canopy\t of\t cloth\t of\t gold,\t dressed\t in\t the\t character\t of\t Aphrodite,\t as\t we\t see\t her\t in paintings,\t while\t on\t either\t side\t to\t complete\t the\t picture\t stood\t boys\t costumed\t as Cupids\t who\t cooled\t her\t with\t their\t fans.\t Instead\t of\t a\t crew\t the\t barge\t was\t lined with\t the\t most\t beautiful\t of\t her\t waiting-women\t attired\t as\t Nereids\t and\t Graces, some\t at\t the\t rudders,\t others\t at\t the\t tackle\t of\t the\t sails,\t and\t all\t the\t while\t an indescribably\trich\tperfume,\texhaled\tfrom\tinnumerable\tcensers,\twas\twafted\tfrom the\t vessel\t to\t the\t riverbanks.\t Great\t multitudes\t accompanied\t this\t royal\t progress, some\tof\tthem\tfollowing\tthe\tqueen\ton\tboth\tsides\tof\tthe\triver\tfrom\tits\tvery\tmouth, while\tothers\thurried\tdown\tfrom\tthe\tcity\tof\tTarsus\tto\tgaze\tat\tthe\tsight.\tGradually the\tcrowds\tdrifted\taway\tfrom\tthe\tmarketplace, OBSERVANCE\tOF\tTHE\tLAW\tI In\tthe\tearly\t1780s,\tword\tspread\tthrough\tBerlin\tof\tthe\tstrange\tand\tspectacular medical\tpractice\tof\ta\tDr.\tWeisleder.\tHe\tperformed\this\tmiracles\tin\tan\tenormous converted\tbeer\thall,\toutside\twhich\tBerliners\tbegan\tto\tnotice\tever\tlonger\tlines\tof peoplethe\tblind,\tthe\tlame,\tanyone\twith\tan\tillness\tincurable\tby\tnormal\tmedicine. When\tit\tleaked\tout\tthat\tthe\tdoctor\tworked\tby\texposing\tthe\tpatient\tto\tthe\trays\tof the\tmoon,\the\tsoon\tbecame\tdubbed\tThe\tMoon\tDoctor\tof\tBerlin. Sometime\tin\t1783,\tit\twas\treported\tthat\tDr.\tWeisleder\thad\tcured\ta\twell-to-do woman\t of\t a\t terrible\t ailment.\t He\t suddenly\t became\t a\t celebrity.\t Previously\t only the\t poorest\t Berliners\t had\t been\t seen\t waiting\t outside\t the\t beer\t hall\t in\t their\t rags;","now\t magnificent\t carriages\t were\t parked\t outside,\t and\t gentlemen\t in\t frock\t coats, and\t ladies\t with\t enormous\t coiffures,\t lined\t the\t street\t as\t sunset\t drew\t near.\t Even folk\twith\tthe\tmildest\tof\tailments\tcame,\tout\tof\tsheer\tcuriosity.\tAs\tthey\twaited\tin line,\tthe\tpoorer\tclients\twould\texplain\tto\tthe\tgentlemen\tand\tladies\tthat\tthe\tdoctor only\tpracticed\twhen\tthe\tmoon\twas\tin\tits\tincrescent\tphase.\tMany\twould\tadd\tthat they\tthemselves\thad\talready\tbeen\texposed\tto\tdie\thealing\tpowers\the\tcalled\tforth from\tthe\trays\tof\tthe\tmoon.\tEven\tthose\twho\tfelt\tcured\tkept\tcoming\tback,\tdrawn by\tthis\tpowerful\texperience. Inside\t the\t beer\t hall,\t a\t strange\t and\t stirring\t spectacle\t greeted\t the\t visitor: Packed\tinto\tthe\tentrance\thall\twas\ta\tcrowd\tof\tall\tclasses\tand\tethnic\tbackgrounds, a\t veritable\t Tower\t of\t Babel.\t Through\t tall\t windows\t on\t the\t northern\t side\t of\t the hall,\tsilvery\tmoonlight\tpoured\tin\tat\todd\tangles.\tThe\tdoctor\tand\this\twife,\twho,\tit seemed,\t was\t also\t able\t to\t effect\t the\t cure,\t practiced\t on\t the\t second\t floor,\t which was\treached\tby\ta\tstairway,\tat\tthe\tend\tof\tthe\thall.\tAs\tthe\tline\tedged\tcloser\tto\tthe stairs,\tthe\tsick\twould\thear\tshouts\tand\tcries\tfrom\tabove,\tand\tword\twould\tspread of,\tperhaps,\ta\tblind\tgentleman\tsuddenly\table\tto\tsee. Once\tupstairs,\tthe\tline\twould\tfork\tin\ttwo\tdirections,\ttoward\ta\tnorthern\troom for\t the\t doctor,\t a\t southern\t one\t for\t his\t wife,\t who\t worked\t only\t on\t the\t ladies. Finally,\t after\t hours\t of\t anticipation\t and\t waiting\t in\t line,\t the\t gentlemen\t patients would\t be\t led\t before\t the\t amazing\t doctor\t himself,\t an\t elderly\t man\t with\t a\t few stalks\tof\twild\tgray\thair\tand\tan\tair\tof\tnervous\tenergy.\tHe\twould\ttake\tthe\tpatient (let\t us\t say\t a\t young\t boy,\t brought\t in\t by\t his\t father),\t uncover\t the\t afflicted\t body part,\t and\t lift\t the\t boy\t up\t to\t the\t window,\t which\t faced\t the\t light\t of\t the\t moon.\t He would\trub\tthe\tsite\tof\tthe\tinjury\tor\tillness,\tmumble\tsomething\tunintelligible,\tlook knowingly\t at\t the\t moon,\t and\t then,\t after\t collecting\t his\t fee,\t send\t the\t boy\t and\t his father\t on\t their\t way.\t Meanwhile,\t in\t the\t south-facing\t room,\t his\t wife\t would\t be doing\t the\t same\t with\t the\t ladieswhich\t was\t odd,\t really,\t since\t the\t moon\t cannot appear\t in\t two\t places\t at\t once;\t it\t cannot\t have\t been\t visible,\t in\t other\t words,\t from both\twindows.\tApparendy\tthe\tmere\tthought,\tidea,\tand\tsymbol\tof\tthe\tmoon\twere enough,\tfor\tthe\tladies\tdid\tnot\tcomplain,\tand\twould\tlater\tremark\tconfidently\tthat the\twife\tof\tthe\tMoon\tDoctor\thad\tthe\tsame\thealing\tpowers\tas\the. Interpretation Dr.\t Weisleder\t may\t have\t known\t nothing\t about\t medicine,\t but\t he\t understood human\tnature.\tHe\trecognized\tthat\tpeople\tdo\tnot\talways\twant\twords,\tor\trational explanations,\t or\t demonstrations\t of\t the\t powers\t of\t science;\t they\t want\t an immediate\tappeal\tto\ttheir\temotions.\tGive\tthem\tthat\tand\tthey\twill\tdo\tthe\trestsuch as\timagine\tthey\tcan\tbe\thealed\tby\tthe\tlight\treflected\tfrom\ta\trock\ta\tquarter\tmillion miles\t away.\t Dr.\t Weisleder\t had\t no\t need\t of\t pills,\t or\t of\t lengtfry\t lectures\t on\t the moon's\tpower,\tor\tof\tany\tsilly\tgadgetry\tto\tamplify\tits\trays.\tHe\tunderstood\tthat\tthe","simpler\t the\t spectacle\t the\t betterjust\t the\t moonlight\t pouring\t in\t from\t the\t side,\t the stairway\t leading\t to\t the\t heavens,\t and\t the\t rays\t of\t the\t moon,\t whether\t directly visible\tor\tnot.\tAny\tadded\teffects\tmight\thave\tmade\tit\tseem\tthat\tthe\tmoon\twas\tnot strong\tenough\ton\tits\town.\tAnd\tthe\tmoon\twas\tstrong\tenoughit\twas\ta\tmagnet\tfor fantasies,\t as\t it\t has\t been\t throughout\t history.\t Simply\t by\t associating\t himself\t with the\timage\tof\tthe\tmoon,\tthe\tdoctor\tgained\tpower. Remember:\t Your\t search\t for\t power\t depends\t on\t shortcuts.\t You\t must\t always circumvent\t people's\t suspicions,\t their\t perverse\t desire\t to\t resist\t your\t will.\t Images are\t an\t extremely\t effective\t shortcut:\t Bypassing\t the\t head,\t the\t seat\t of\t doubt\t and resistance,\t they\t aim\t straight\t for\t the\t heart.\t Overwhelming\t the\t eyes,\t they\t create powerful\tassociations,\tbringing\tpeople\ttogether\tand\tstirring\ttheir\temotions.\tWith the\t white\t light\t of\t the\t moon\t in\t their\t eyes,\t your\t targets\t are\t blinded\t to\t the deceptions\tyou\tpractice. OBSERVANCE\tOF\tTHE\tLAW\tII In\t 1536\t the\t future\t king\t Henri\t II\t of\t France\t took\t his\t first\t mistress,\t Diane\t de Poitiers.\t Diane\t was\t thirty-seven\t at\t the\t time,\t and\t was\t the\t widow\t of\t the\t grand seneschal\t of\t Normandy.\t Henri,\t meanwhile,\t was\t a\t sprightly\t lad\t of\t seventeen, who\twas\tjust\tbeginning\tto\tsow\this\twild\toats.\tAt\tfirst\ttheir\tunion\tseemed\tmerely platonic,\t with\t Henri\t showing\t an\t intensely\t spiritual\t devotion\t to\t Diane.\t But\t it soon\t became\t clear\t tiiat\t he\t loved\t her\t in\t every\t way,\t preferring\t her\t bed\t to\t that\t of his\tyoung\twife,\tCatherine\tde'\tMedicis. In\t 1547\t King\t Francis\t died\t and\t Henri\t ascended\t to\t the\t throne.\t This\t new situation\tposed\tperils\tfor\tDiane\tde\tPoitiers.\tShe\thad\tjust\tturned\tforty-eight,\tand despite\t her\t notorious\t cold\t baths\t and\t rumored\t youth\t potions,\t she\t was\t beginning to\t show\t her\t age;\t now\t that\t Henri\t was\t king,\t perhaps\t he\t would\t return\t to\t the queen's\tbed,\tand\tdo\tas\tother\tkings\thad\tdonechoose\tmistresses\tfrom\tthe\tbevy\tof beauties\twho\tmade\tthe\tFrench\tcourt\tthe\tenvy\tof\tEurope.\tHe\twas,\tafter\tall,\tonly twenty-eight,\tand\tcut\ta\tdashing\tfigure.\tBut\tDiane\tdid\tnot\tgive\tup\tso\teasily.\tShe would\t continue\t to\t enthrall\t her\t lover,\t as\t she\t had\t enthralled\t him\t for\t the\t past eleven\tyears. Diane's\t secret\t weapons\t were\t symbols\t and\t images,\t to\t which\t she\t had\t always paid\t great\t attention.\t Early\t on\t in\t her\t relationship\t with\t Henri,\t she\t had\t created\t a motif\t by\t intertwining\t her\t initials\t with\t his,\t to\t symbolize\t their\t union.\t The\t idea worked\t like\t a\t charm:\t Henri\t put\t this\t insignia\t everywhere\t on\t his\t royal\t robes,\t on monuments,\ton\tchurches,\ton\tthe\tfacade\tof\tthe where\t Antony\t awaited\t the\t queen\t enthroned\t on\t his\t tribunal,\t until\t at\t last\t he was\t left\t sitting\t quite\t alone.\t And\t the\t word\t spread\t on\t every\t side\t that\t Aphrodite had\t come\t to\t revel\t with\t Dionysus\t for\t the\t happiness\t of\t Asia.\t Antony\t then\t sent\t a message\tinviting\tCleopatra\tto\tdine\twith\thim.\tBut\tshe\tthought\tit\tmore\tappropriate","that\t he\t should\t come\t to\t her,\t and\t so,\t as\t he\t wished\t to\t show\t his\t courtesy\t and goodwill,\the\taccepted\tand\twent.\tHe\tfound\tthe\tpreparations\tmade\tto\treceive\thim magnificent\t beyond\t words,\t but\t what\t astonished\t him\t most\t of\t all\t was\t the extraordinary\tnumber\tof\tlights.\tSo\tmany\tof\tthese,\tit\tis\tsaid,\twere\tlet\tdown\tfrom the\troof\tand\tdisplayed\ton\tall\tsides\tat\tonce,\tand\tthey\twere\tarranged\tand\tgrouped in\tsuch\tingenious\tpatterns\tin\trelation\tto\teach\tother,\tsome\tin\tsquares\tand\tsome\tin circles,\tthat\tthey\tcreated\tas\tbrilliant\ta\tspectacle\tas\tcan\tever\thave\tbeen\tdevised\tto delight\tthe\teye. life\tof\tantony,\tPlutarch,\tc.\ta.d.\t46-120 In\t the\t Middle\t Ages\t the\t symbolist\t attitude\t was\t much\t more\t in\t evidence.\t ... Symbolism\t appears\t as\t a\t sort\t of\t short\t cut\t of\t thought.\t Instead\t of\t looking\t for\t the relation between\t two\t things\t by\t following\t the\t hidden\t detours\t of\t their\t causal connexions,\t thought\t makes\t a\t leap\t and\t discovers\t their\t relation\t not\t in\t the connexion\tof\tcause\tand\teffects,\tbut\tin\ta\tconnexion\tof\tsignification.\t...\tSymbolist thought\tpermits\tan\tinfinity\tof\trelations\tbetween\tthings.\tEach\tthing\tmay\tdenote\ta number\tof\tdistinct\tideas\tby\tits\tdifferent\tspecial\tqualities,\tand\ta\tquality\tmay\thave several\t symbolic\t meanings.\t The\t highest\t conceptions\t have\t symbols\t by\t the thousand.\tNothing\tis\ttoo\thumble\tto\trepresent\tand\tglory\tthe\tsublime.\tThe\twalnut signifies\tChrist:\tthe\tsweet\tkernel\tis\tHis\tdivine\tnature,\tthe\tgreen\tand\tpulpy\touter peel\tis\tHis\thumanity,\tthe\twooden\tshell\tbetween\tis\tthe\tcross.\tThus\tall\tthings\traise his\tthoughts\tto\tthe\teternal..\t..\tEvery\tprecious\tstone,\tbesides\tits\tnatural\tsplendour sparkles\twith\tthe\tbrilliance\tof\tits\tsymbolic\tvalues.\tThe\tassimilation\tof\troses\tand virginity\t is\t much\t more\t than\t a\t poetic\t comparison,\t for\t it\t reveals\t their\t common essence.\t As\t each\t notion\t arises\t in\t the\t mind\t the\t logic\t of\t symbolism\t creates\t an harmony\tof\tideas. THE\tWANING\tOF\tTHE MIDDLE\tAGES, JOHAN\tHUIZINGA, Louvre,\tthen\tthe\troyal\tpalace\tin\tParis.\tDiane's\tfavorite\tcolors\twere\tblack\tand white,\t which\t she\t wore\t exclusively,\t and\t wherever\t it\t was\t possible\t the\t insignia appeared\tin\tthese\tcolors.\tEveryone\trecognized\tthe\tsymbol\tand\tits\tmeaning.\tSoon after\t Henri\t took\t the\t throne,\t however,\t Diane\t went\t still\t further:\t She\t decided\t to identify\t herself\t with\t the\t Roman\t goddess\t Diana,\t her\t namesake.\t Diana\t was\t the goddess\t of\t the\t hunt,\t the\t traditional\t royal\t pastime\t and\t the\t particular\t passion\t of Henri.\tEqually\timportant,\tin\tRenaissance\tart\tshe\tsymbolized\tchastity\tand\tpurity. For\ta\twoman\tlike\tDiane\tto\tidentify\therself\twith\ttiiis\tgoddess\twould\tinstantly\tcall up\tthose\timages\tin\tthe\tcourt,\tgiving\ther\tan\tair\tof\trespectability.\tSymbolizing\ther \u201cchaste\u201d\trelationship\twith\tHenri,\tit\twould\talso\tset\ther\tapart\tfrom\tthe\tadulterous","liaisons\tof\troyal\tmistresses\tpast. To\teffect\tthis\tassociation,\tDiane\tbegan\tby\tcompletely\ttransforming\ther\tcasde at\tAnet.\tShe\trazed\tthe\tbuilding's\tstructure\tand\tin\tits\tplace\terected\ta\tmagnificent Doric-columned\t edifice\t modeled\t after\t a\t Roman\t temple.\t It\t was\t made\t in\t white Normandy\tstone\tflecked\twith\tblack\tsilex,\treproducing\tDiane's\ttrademark\tcolors of\t black\t and\t white.\t The\t insignia\t of\t her\t and\t Henri's\t initials\t appeared\t on\t the columns,\t the\t doors,\t the\t windows,\t the\t carpet.\t Meanwhile,\t symbols\t of Dianacrescent\t moons,\t stags,\t and\t hounds\t adorned\t the\t gates\t and\t facade.\t Inside, enormous\t tapestries\t depicting\t episodes\t in\t the\t life\t of\t the\t goddess\t lay\t on\t the floors\t and\t hung\t on\t the\t walls.\t In\t the\t garden\t stood\t the\t famous\t Goujon\t sculpture Diane\t Chasseresse,\t which\t is\t now\t in\t the\t Louvre,\t and\t which\t had\t an\t uncanny resemblance\t to\t Diane\t de\t Poitiers.\t Paintings\t and\t other\t depictions\t of\t Diana appeared\tin\tevery\tcorner\tof\tthe\tcasde. Anet\t overwhelmed\t Henri,\t who\t soon\t was\t trumpeting\t the\t image\t of\t Diane\t de Poitiers\t as\t a\t Roman\t goddess.\t In\t 1548,\t when\t the\t couple\t appeared\t together\t in Lyons\t for\t a\t royal\t celebration,\t the\t townspeople\t welcomed\t them\t with\t a\t tableau vivant\t depicting\t a\t scene\t with\t Diana\t the\t huntress.\t France's\t greatest\t poet\t of\t die period,\tPierre\tde\tRonsard,\tbegan\tto\twrite\tverses\tin\thonor\tof\tDianaindeed\ta\tkind of\tcult\tof\tDiana\tsprang\tup,\tall\tinspired\tby\tthe\tking's\tmistress.\tIt\tseemed\tto\tHenri that\tDiane\thad\tgiven\therself\ta\tkind\tof\tdivine\taura,\tand\tas\tif\the\twere\tdestined\tto worship\t her\t for\t the\t rest\t of\t his\t life.\t And\t until\t his\t death,\t in\t 1559,\t he\t did\t remain faithful\tto\thermaking\ther\ta\tduchess,\tgiving\ther\tuntold\twealth,\tand\tdisplaying\tan almost\treligious\tdevotion\tto\this\tfirst\tand\tonly\tmistress. Interpretation Diane\tde\tPoitiers,\ta\twoman\tfrom\ta\tmodest\tbourgeois\tbackground,\tmanaged to\t captivate\t Henri\t for\t over\t twenty\t years.\t By\t the\t time\t he\t died\t she\t was\t well\t into her\t sixties,\t yet\t his\t passion\t for\t her\t only\t increased\t with\t the\t years.\t She\t knew\t the king\t well.\t He\t was\t not\t an\t intellectual\t but\t a\t lover\t of\t die\t outdoorshe\t particularly loved\t jousting\t tournaments,\t with\t their\t bright\t pennants,\t brilliandy\t caparisoned horses,\tand\t beautifully\tdressed\t women.\tHenri's\t love\t of\t visual\tsplendor\t seemed childlike\tto\tDiane,\tand\tshe\tplayed\ton\tthis\tweakness\tof\this\tat\tevery\topportunity. Most\tastute\tof\tall\twas\tDiane's\tappropriation\tof\tthe\tgoddess\tDiana.\tHere\tshe took\tthe\tgame\tbeyond\tphysical\timagery\tinto\tthe\trealm\tof\tthe\tpsychic\tsymbol.\tIt was\t quite\t a\t feat\t to\t transform\t a\t king's\t mistress\t into\t an\t emblem\t of\t power\t and purity,\t but\t she\t managed\t it.\t Without\t the\t resonance\t of\t the\t goddess,\t Diane\t was merely\t an\t aging\t courtesan.\t With\t the\t imagery\t and\t symbolism\t of\t Diana\t on\t her shoulders,\tshe\tseemed\ta\tmythic\tforce,\tdestined\tfor\tgreatness. You\t too\t can\t play\t with\t images\t like\t these,\t weaving\t visual\t clues\t into\t an encompassing\tgestalt,\tas\tDiane\tdid\twith\ther\tcolors\tand\ther\tinsignia.\tEstablish\ta","trademark\t like\t these\t to\t set\t yourself\t apart.\t Then\t take\t the\t game\t further:\t Find\t an image\t or\t symbol\t from\t the\t past\t that\t will\t neatly\t fit\t your\t situation,\t and\t put\t it\t on your\tshoulders\tlike\ta\tcape.\tIt\twill\tmake\tyou\tseem\tlarger\tman\tlife. Because\tof\tthe\tlight\tit\tshines\ton\tthe\tother\tstars\twhich\tmake\tup\ta\tkind\tof court\taround\tit,\tbecause\tof\tthe\tjust\tand\tequal\tdistribution\tof\tits\trays\tto all\talike,\tbecause\tof\tthe\tgood\tit\tbrings\tto\tall\tplaces,\tproducing\tlife,\tjoy and\taction,\tbecause\tof\tits\tconstancy\tfrom\twhich\tit\tnever\tvaries,\tI\tchose the\tsun\tas\tthe\tmost\tmagnificent\timage\tto\trepresent\ta\tgreat\tleader. Louis\tXIV,\tthe\tSun\tKing,\t1638-1715 KEYS\tTO\tPOWER Using\t words\t to\t plead\t your\t case\t is\t risky\t business:\t Words\t are\t dangerous instruments,\t and\t often\t go\t astray.\t The\t words\t people\t use\t to\t persuade\t us\t virtually invite\tus\tto\treflect\ton\tthem\twith\twords\tof\tour\town;\twe\tmull\tthem\tover,\tand\toften end\t up\t believing\t the\t opposite\t of\t what\t they\t say.\t (That\t is\t part\t of\t our\t perverse nature.)\tIt\talso\thappens\tthat\twords\toffend\tus,\tstirring\tup\tassociations\tunintended by\tthe\tspeaker. The\tvisual,\ton\tthe\tother\thand,\tshort-circuits\tthe\tlabyrinth\tof\twords.\tIt\tstrikes with\t an\t emotional\t power\t and\t immediacy\t that\t leave\t no\t gaps\t for\t reflection\t and doubt.\tLike\tmusic,\tit\tleaps\tright\tover\trational,\treasonable\tthoughts.\tImagine\tthe Moon\t Doctor\t trying\t to\t make\t a\t case\t for\t his\t medical\t practice,\t trying\t to\t convince the\tunconverted\tby\ttelling\tthem\tabout\tthe\thealing\tpowers\tof\tthe\tmoon,\tand\tabout his\town\tspecial\tconnection\tto\ta\tdistant\tobject\tin\tthe\tsky.\tFortunately\tfor\thim,\the was\t able\t to\t create\t a\t compelling\t spectacle\t that\t made\t words\t unnecessary.\t The moment\t his\t patients\t entered\t the\t beer\t hall,\t the\t image\t of\t the\t moon\t spoke eloquently\tenough. Understand:\tWords\tput\tyou\ton\tthe\tdefensive.\tIf\tyou\thave\tto\texplain\tyourself your\t power\t is\t already\t in\t question.\t The\t image,\t on\t the\t other\t hand,\t imposes\t itself as\t a\t given.\t It\t discourages\t questions,\t creates\t forceful\t associations,\t resists unintended\t interpretations,\t communicates\t instantly,\t and\t forges\t bonds\t that transcend\t social\t differences.\t Words\t stir\t up\t arguments\t and\t divisions;\t images bring\tpeople\ttogether.\tThey\tare\tthe\tquintessential\tinstruments\tof\tpower. The\tsymbol\thas\tthe\tsame\tforce,\twhether\tit\tis\tvisual\t(the\tstatue\tof There\t was\t a\t man\t named\t Sakamotoya\t Hechigwan\t who\t lived\t in\t upper Kyoto....\t When\t [Emperor]\t Hideyoshi\t gave\t his\t great\t Cha-no-yu\t [tea\t ceremony] meeting\t at\t Kitano\t in\t the\t tenth\t month\t of\t 1588,\t Hechigwan\t set\t up\t a\t great\t red umbrella\tnine\tfeet\tacross\tmounted\ton\ta\tstick\tseven\tfeet\thigh.\tThe\tcircumference of\tthe\thandle\the\tsurrounded\tfor\tabout\ttwo\tfeet\tby\ta\treed\tfence\tin\tsuch\ta\tway\tthat the\trays\tof\tthe\tsun\twere\treflected\tfrom\tit\tand\tdiffused\tthe\tcolour\tof\tthe\tumbrella all\taround.\tThis\tdevice\tpleased\tHideyoshi\tso\tmuch\tthat\the\tremitted\tHechigwan's","taxes\tas\ta\treward. CHA-NO-YU: THE\tJAPANESE\tTEA CEREMONY, A.\tL.\tSadler,\t1962 Diana)\t or\t a\t verbal\t description\t of\t something\t visual\t (the\t words\t \u201cthe\t Sun King\u201d).\tThe\tsymbolic\tobject\tstands\tfor\tsomething\telse,\tsomething\tabstract\t(such as\t the\t image\t \u201cDiana\u201d\t standing\t for\t chastity).\t The\t abstract\t concept\t purity, patriotism,\t courage,\t loveis\t full\t of\t emotional\t and\t powerful\t associations.\t The symbol\tis\ta\tshortcut\tof\texpression,\tcontaining\tdozens\tof\tmeanings\tin\tone\tsimple phrase\t or\t object.\t The\t symbol\t of\t the\t Sun\t King,\t as\t explained\t by\t Louis\t XIV,\t can be\t read\t on\t many\t layers,\t but\t the\t beauty\t of\t it\t is\t that\t its\t associations\t required\t no explanation,\tspoke\timmediately\tto\this\tsubjects,\tdistinguished\thim\tfrom\tall\tother kings,\t and\t conjured\t up\t a\t kind\t of\t majesty\t that\t went\t far\t beyond\t the\t words themselves.\tThe\tsymbol\tcontains\tuntold\tpower. The\t first\t step\t in\t using\t symbols\t and\t images\t is\t to\t understand\t the\t primacy\t of sight\tamong\tthe\tsenses.\tBefore\tthe\tRenaissance,\tit\thas\tbeen\targued,\tsight\tand\tthe other\t sensestaste,\t touch,\t and\t so\t onoperated\t on\t a\t relatively\t equal\t plane.\t Since then,\t however,\t the\t visual\t has\t come\t to\t dominate\t the\t others,\t and\t is\t the\t sense\t we most\t depend\t on\t and\t trust.\t As\t Gracian\t said,\t \u201cThe\t truth\t is\t generally\t seen,\t rarely heard.\u201d\t When\t the\t Renaissance\t painter\t Fra\t Filippo\t Lippi\t was\t a\t captured\t slave among\tthe\tMoors,\the\twon\this\tfreedom\tby\tsketching\ta\tdrawing\tof\this\tmaster\ton\ta white\t wall\t with\t a\t piece\t of\t charcoal;\t when\t the\t owner\t saw\t the\t drawing,\t he instantly\t understood\t the\t power\t of\t a\t man\t who\t could\t make\t such\t images,\t and\t let Fra\tLippi\tgo.\tThat\tone\timage\twas\tfar\tmore\tpowerful\tthan\tany\targument\tthe\tartist could\thave\tmade\twith\twords. Never\t neglect\t the\t way\t you\t arrange\t things\t visually.\t Factors\t like\t color,\t for example,\t have\t enormous\t symbolic\t resonance.\t When\t the\t con\t artist\t Yellow\t Kid Weil\tcreated\ta\tnewsletter\ttouting\tthe\tphony\tstocks\the\twas\tpeddling,\the\tcalled\tit the\t \u201cRed\t Letter\t Newsletter\u201d\t and\t had\t it\t printed,\t at\t considerable\t expense,\t in\t red ink.\t The\t color\t created\t a\t sense\t of\t urgency,\t power,\t and\t good\t fortune.\t Weil recognized\t details\t like\t these\t as\t keys\t to\t deceptionas\t do\t modern\t advertisers\t and mass-marketers.\tIf\tyou\tuse\t\u201cgold\u201d\tin\tthe\ttitle\tof\tanything\tyou\tare\ttrying\tto\tsell, for\t example,\t print\t it\t in\t gold.\t Since\t the\t eye\t predominates,\t people\t will\t respond more\tto\tthe\tcolor\tthan\tto\tthe\tword. The\t visual\t contains\t great\t emotional\t power.\t The\t Roman\t emperor\t Con- stantine\t worshipped\t the\t sun\t as\t a\t god\t for\t most\t of\t his\t life;\t one\t day,\t though,\t he looked\tup\tat\tdie\tsun,\tand\tsaw\ta\tcross\tsuperimposed\ton\tit.\tThe\tvision\tof\tthe\tcross over\tthe\tsun\tproved\tto\thim\tthe\tascendancy\tof\tthe\tnew\treligion,\tand\the\tconverted","not\tjust\thimself\tbut\tthe\twhole\tRoman\tEmpire\tto\tChristianity\tsoon\tthereafter.\tAll the\t preaching\t and\t proselytizing\t in\t the\t world\t could\t not\t have\t been\t as\t powerful. Find\tand\tassociate\tyourself\twith\tthe\timages\tand\tsymbols\tthat\twill\tcommunicate in\tthis\timmediate\tway\ttoday,\tand\tyou\twill\thave\tuntold\tpower. Most\t effective\t of\t all\t is\t a\t new\t combinationa\t fusion\t of\t images\t and\t symbols that\thave\tnot\tbeen\tseen\ttogether\tbefore,\tbut\tthat\tthrough\ttheir\tassociation\tclearly demonstrate\t your\t new\t idea,\t message,\t religion.\t The\t creation\t of\t new\t images\t and symbols\tout\tof\told\tones\tin\tthis\tway\thas\ta\tpoetic\teffect\tviewers'\tassociations\trun rampant,\tgiving\tthem\ta\tsense\tof\tparticipation. Visual\timages\toften\tappear\tin\ta\tsequence,\tand\tthe\torder\tin\twhich\tthey\tappear creates\ta\tsymbol.\tThe\tfirst\tto\tappear,\tfor\tinstance,\tsymbolizes\tpower;\tthe\timage at\tthe\tcenter\tseems\tto\thave\tcentral\timportance. Near\tthe\tend\tof\tWorld\tWar\tII,\torders\tcame\tdown\tfrom\tGeneral\tEisenhower that\tAmerican\ttroops\twere\tto\tlead\tdie\tway\tinto\tParis\tafter\tits\tliberation\tfrom\tthe Nazis.\t The\t French\t general\t Charles\t de\t Gaulle,\t however,\t realized\t that\t this sequence\t would\t imply\t that\t the\t Americans\t now\t commanded\t die\t fate\t of\t France. Through\t much\t manipulation,\t de\t Gaulle\t made\t certain\t that\t he\t and\t the\t French Second\tArmored\tDivision\twould\tappear\tat\tthe\thead\tof\tthe\tliberating\tforce.\tThe strategy\tworked:\tAfter\the\thad\tsuccessfully\tpulled\toff\tthis\tstunt,\tthe\tAllies\tstarted treating\thim\tas\tthe\tnew\tleader\tof\tan\tindependent\tFrance.\tDe\tGaulle\tknew\ttiiat\ta leader\t has\t to\t locate\t himself\t literally\t at\t die\t head\t of\t his\t troops.\t This\t visual association\tis\tcrucial\tto\tthe\temotional\tresponse\tthat\the\tneeds\tto\telicit. Things\t change\t in\t die\t game\t of\t symbols:\t It\t is\t probably\t no\t longer\t possible\t to pose\t as\t a\t \u201csun\t king,\u201d\t or\t to\t wrap\t the\t mande\t of\t Diana\t around\t you.\t Yet\t you\t can associate\t yourself\t with\t such\t symbols\t more\t indirecdy.\t And,\t of\t course,\t you\t can make\tyour\town\tmydiology\tout\tof\tfigures\tfrom\tmore\trecent\thistory,\tpeople\twho are\tcomfortably\tdead\tbut\tstill\tpowerfully\tassociative\tin\tdie\tpublic\teye.\tThe\tidea is\t to\t give\t yourself\t an\t aura,\t a\t stature\t tiiat\t your\t normal\t banal\t appearance\t simply will\tnot\tcreate.\tBy\therself\tDiane\tde\tPoitiers\thad\tno\tsuch\tradiant\tpowers;\tshe\twas as\t human\t and\t ordinary\t as\t most\t of\t us.\t But\t the\t symbol\t elevated\t her\t above\t die human\tlot,\tand\tmade\ther\tseem\tdivine. Using\t symbols\t also\t has\t a\t courtier-like\t effect,\t since\t diey\t are\t often\t gentler dian\t brutish\t words.\t The\t psychotherapist\t Dr.\t Milton\t H.\t Erickson\t always\t tried\t to find\t symbols\t and\t images\t that\t would\t communicate\t to\t die\t patient\t in\t ways\t that words\t could\t not.\t When\t dealing\t witii\t a\t severely\t troubled\t patient,\t he\t would\t not question\thim\tdirectiy\tbut\twould\ttalk\tabout\tsomething\tirrelevant,\tsuch\tas\tdriving tiirough\tthe\tdesert\tin\tArizona,\twhere\the\tpracticed\tin\tthe\t1950s.\tIn\tdescribing\tthis he\t would\t eventually\t come\t to\t an\t appropriate\t symbol\t for\t what\t he\t suspected\t was tile\t man's\t problem.\t If\t he\t felt\t the\t patient\t was\t isolated,\t say,\t Dr.\t Erickson\t would","talk\tof\ta\tsingle\tiron-wood\ttree,\tand\thow\tits\tisolation\tleft\tit\tbattered\tby\tthe\twinds. Making\t an\t emotional\t connection\t with\t die\t tree\t as\t a\t symbol,\t die\t patient\t would open\tup\tmore\treadily\tto\tthe\tdoctor's\tprobing. Use\t die\t power\t of\t symbols\t as\t a\t way\t to\t rally,\t animate,\t and\t unite\t your\t troops or\t team.\t During\t die\t rebellion\t against\t the\t French\t crown\t in\t 1648,\t those\t loyal\t to the\t king\t disparaged\t the\t rebels\t by\t comparing\t them\t to\t the\t slingshots\t (in\t French, frondes)\tthat\tlittle\tboys\tuse\tto\tfrighten\tbig\tboys.\tCardinal\tde\tRetz\tdecided\tto\tturn this\t disparaging\t term\t into\t die\t rebels'\t symbol:\t The\t uprising\t was\t now\t known\t as the\tFronde,\tand\tdie\trebels\tas\tfrondeurs.\tThey\tbegan\tto\twear\tsashes\tin\ttiieir\thats that\tsymbolized\tthe\tslingshot,\tand\tthe\tword\tbecame\ttiieir\trallying\tcry.\tWidiout\tit the\t rebellion\t might\t well\t have\t petered\t out.\t Always\t find\t a\t symbol\t to\t represent your\tcausedie\tmore\temotional\tassociations,\tthe\tbetter. The\tbest\tway\tto\tuse\timages\tand\tsymbols\tis\tto\torganize\ttiiem\tinto\ta grand\t spectacle\t that\t awes\t people\t and\t distracts\t them\t from\t unpleasant realities.\t This\t is\t easy\t to\t do:\t People\t love\t what\t is\t grand,\t spectacular,\t and\t larger than\t life.\t Appeal\t to\t their\t emotions\t and\t they\t will\t flock\t to\t your\t spectacle\t in hordes.\tThe\tvisual\tis\tthe\teasiest\troute\tto\ttheir\thearts. Image:\t The\t Cross\t and\t the\t Sun.\t Crucifixion\t and\t total\t radiance.\t With\t one imposed\t over\t the\t other,\t a\t new\t reality\t takes\t shape\t a\t new\t power\t is\t in\t the ascendant.\tThe\tsymbolno\texplanation\tnecessary. Authority:\tThe\tpeople\tare\talways\timpressed\tby\tthe\tsuperficial\tappearance\tof things....\t The\t [prince]\t should,\t at\t fitting\t times\t of\t the\t year,\t keep\t the\t people occupied\t and\t distracted\t with\t festivities\t and\t spectacles.\t (Niccolo\t Machiavelli, 1469-1527) REVERSAL No\tpower\tis\tmade\tavailable\tby\tignoring\timages\tand\tsymbols.\tThere\tis\tno possible\treversal\tto\tthis\tlaw.","48\tLaws\tof\tPower LAW\t38 THINK\tAS\tYOU\tLIKE BUT\tBEHAVE\tLIKE OTHERS JUDGMENT If\t you\t make\t a\t show\t of\t going\t against\t the\t times,\t flaunting\t your unconventional\tideas\tand\tunorthodox\tways,\tpeople\twill\tthink\tthat\tyou\tonly\twant attention\tand\tthat\tyou\tlook\tdown\tupon\tthem.\tThey\twill\tfind\ta\tway\tto\tpunish\tyou for\tmaking\tthem\tfeel\tinferior.\tIt\tis\tfar\tsafer\tto\tblend\tin\tand\tnurture\tthe\tcommon touch.\tShare\tyour\toriginality\tonly\twith\ttolerant\tfriends\tand\tthose\twho\tare\tsure\tto appreciate\tyour\tuniqueness. It\t is\t easy\t to\t run\t into\t danger\t by\t trying\t to\t swim\t against\t the\t stream.\t Only\t a Socrates\tcould\tattempt\tto\tdo\tthat.\tDisagreement\tis\tregarded\tas\toffensive\tbecause it\tis\ta\tcondemnation\tof\tthe\tviews\tof\tothers;\tthe\tnumbers\tof\tthe\tdisgruntled\tgrow. on\taccount\teither\tof\tsome\tmatter\tthat\thas\tbeen\tthe\tobject\tof\tcensure\tor\tof\tsome person\t who\t has\t praised\t it:\t Truth\t is\t for\t the\t few,\t error\t is\t as\t usual\t as\t it\t is\t vulgar. Nor\tis\tthe\twise\tman\tto\tbe\trecognized\tby\twhat\the\tsays\tin\tthe\tmarketplace,\tfor\the speaks\t there\t not\t with\t his\t own\t voice,\t but\t with\t that\t of\t universal\t folly,\t however much\t his\t inmost\t thoughts\t may\t gainsay\t it:\t The\t wise\t man\t avoids\t being contradicted\tas\tsedulously\tas\the\tavoids\tcontradicting;\tthe\tpublicity\tof\tcensure\tis withheld\t from\t that\t which\t readily\t provokes\t it.\t Thought\t is\t free;\t it\t cannot\t and should\t not\t be\t coerced;\t retire\t into\t the\t sanctuary\t of\t your\t silence\t and\t if\t you sometimes\tallow\tyourself\tto\tbreak\tit,\tdo\tso\tunder\tthe\taegis\tof\ta\tdiscreet\tfew. Baltasar\tGractan,\t1601-1658 TRANSGRESSION\tOF\tTHE\tLAW Around\tthe\tyear\t478\tB.C.,\tthe\tcity\tof\tSparta\tsent\tan\texpedition\tto\tPersia\tled by\t die\t young\t Spartan\t nobleman\t Pausanias.\t The\t city-states\t of\t Greece\t had recently\t fought\t off\t a\t mighty\t invasion\t from\t Persia,\t and\t now\t Pausanias,\t along with\t allied\t ships\t from\t Atiiens,\t had\t orders\t to\t punish\t the\t invaders\t and\t win\t back the\tislands\tand\tcoastal\ttowns\tthat\tthe\tPersians\thad\toccupied.\tBodi\tdie\tAthenians and\t the\t Spartans\t had\t great\t respect\t for\t Pausaniashe\t had\t proven\t himself\t as\t a fearless\twarrior,\twith\ta\tflair\tfor\tthe\tdramatic. With\t amazing\t speed,\t Pausanias\t and\t his\t troops\t took\t Cyprus,\t then\t moved\t on","to\tthe\tmainland\tof\tAsia\tMinor\tknown\tas\tthe\tHellespont\tand\tcaptured\tByzantium (modern-day\t Istanbul).\t Now\t master\t of\t part\t of\t the\t Persian\t empire,\t Pausanias began\t to\t show\t signs\t of\t behavior\t that\t went\t beyond\t his\t normal\t flamboyance.\t He appeared\t in\t public\t wearing\t pomades\t in\t his\t hair\t and\t flowing\t Persian\t robes,\t and accompanied\tby\ta\tbodyguard\tof\tEgyptians.\tHe\theld\tlavish\tbanquets\tin\twhich\the sat\tin\tthe\tPersian\tmanner\tand\tdemanded\tto\tbe\tentertained.\tHe\tstopped\tseeing\this old\tfriends,\tentered\tinto\tcommunication\twith\tdie\tPersian\tKing\tXerxes,\tand\tall\tin all\taffected\tthe\tstyle\tand\tmanner\tof\ta\tPersian\tdictator. Clearly\tpower\tand\tsuccess\thad\tgone\tto\tPausanias's\thead.\tHis\tarmy\tAthenians and\tSpartans\talikeat\tfirst\tthought\tthis\ta\tpassing\tfancy:\tHe\thad\talways\tbeen\ta\tbit exaggerated\t in\t his\t gestures.\t But\t when\t he\t flaunted\t his\t disdain\t for\t die\t Greeks' simple\tway\tof\tlife,\tand\tinsulted\tthe\tcommon\tGreek\tsoldier,\tthey\tbegan\tto\tfeel\the had\t gone\t too\t far.\t Although\t there\t was\t no\t concrete\t evidence\t for\t mis,\t rumors spread\tdiat\the\thad\tgone\tover\tto\tthe\todier\tside,\tand\tthat\the\tdreamed\tof\tbecoming a\tkind\tof\tGreek\tXerxes.\tTo\tquell\tdie\tpossibility\tof\tmutiny,\tthe\tSpartans\trelieved Pausanias\tof\this\tcommand\tand\tcalled\thim\thome. Pausanias,\t however,\t continued\t to\t dress\t in\t the\t Persian\t style,\t even\t in\t Sparta. After\t a\t few\t months\t he\t independently\t hired\t a\t trireme\t and\t returned\t to\t the Hellespont,\ttelling\this\tcompatriots\the\twas\tgoing\tto\tcontinue\tthe\tfight\tagainst\tthe Persians.\t Actually,\t however,\t he\t had\t different\t plansto\t make\t himself\t ruler\t of\t all Greece,\t with\t the\t aid\t of\t Xerxes\t himself.\t The\t Spartans\t declared\t him\t a\t public enemy\t and\t sent\t a\t ship\t to\t capture\t him.\t Pausanias\t surrendered,\t certain\t that\t he could\tclear\thimself\tof\tthe\tcharges\tof\ttreason.\tIt\tdid\tcome\tout\tduring\tdie\ttrial\tdiat during\t his\t reign\t as\t commander\t he\t had\t offended\t his\t fellow\t Greeks\t time\t and again,\terecting\tmonuments,\tfor\tinstance,\tin\this\town\tname,\trather\tthan\tin\tthose\tof the\t cities\t whose\t troops\t had\t fought\t alongside\t him,\t as\t was\t the\t custom.\t Yet Pausanias\t proved\t right:\t Despite\t die\t evidence\t of\t his\t numerous\t contacts\t with\t die enemy,\tdie\tSpartans\trefused\tto\timprison\ta\tman\tof\tsuch\tnoble\tbirth,\tand\tlet\thim go. Now\t thinking\t himself\t untouchable,\t Pausanias\t hired\t a\t messenger\t to\t take\t a letter\t to\t Xerxes,\t but\t the\t messenger\t instead\t took\t the\t letter\t to\t the\t Spartan authorities.\t These\t men\t wanted\t to\t find\t out\t more,\t so\t they\t had\t the\t messenger arrange\tto\tmeet\tPausanias\tin\ta\ttemple\twhere\tthey\tcould\thide\tand\tlisten\tbehind\ta partition.\tWhat\tPausanias\tsaid\tshocked\tdiemdiey\thad\tnever\theard\tsuch\tcontempt for\t their\t ways\t spoken\t so\t brazenly\t by\t one\t of\t their\t ownand\t they\t made arrangements\tfor\this\timmediate\tarrest. On\t his\t way\t home\t from\t the\t temple,\t Pausanias\t got\t word\t of\t what\t had happened.\t He\t ran\t to\t another\t temple\t to\t hide,\t but\t the\t authorities\t followed\t him there\tand\tplaced\tsentries\tall\taround.\tPausanias\trefused\tto\tsurrender.\tUnwilling\tto","forcibly\t remove\t him\t from\t the\t sacred\t temple,\t the\t authorities\t kept\t him\t trapped inside,\tuntil\the\teventually\tdied\tof\tstarvation. Interpretation At\tfirst\tglance\tit\tmight\tseem\tthat\tPausanias\tsimply\tfell\tin\tlove\twith\tanother culture,\ta\tphenomenon\tas\told\tas\ttime.\tNever\tcomfortable\twith\tthe\tasceticism\tof the\t Spartans,\t he\t found\t himself\t enthralled\t by\t the\t Persian\t love\t of\t luxury\t and sensual\t pleasure.\t He\t put\t on\t Persian\t robes\t and\t perfumes\t with\t a\t sense\t of deliverance\tfrom\tGreek\tdiscipline\tand\tsimplicity. This\t is\t how\t it\t appears\t when\t people\t adopt\t a\t culture\t in\t which\t they\t were\t not raised.\t Often,\t however,\t there\t is\t also\t something\t else\t at\t play:\t People\t who\t flaunt their\t infatuation\t with\t a\t different\t culture\t are\t expressing\t a\t disdain\t and\t contempt for\t their\town.\tThey\tare\t using\tthe\toutward\tappearance\tof\tthe\texotic\tto\t separate themselves\t from\t the\t common\t folk\t who\t unques-tioningly\t follow\t the\t local customs\t and\t laws,\t and\t to\t express\t their\t sense\t of\t superiority.\t Otherwise\t they would\t act\t with\t more\t dignity,\t showing\t respect\t for\t those\t who\t do\t not\t share\t their desires.\t Indeed\t their\t need\t to\t show\t their\t difference\t so\t dramatically\t often\t makes them\t disliked\t by\t the\t people\t whose\t beliefs\t they\t challenge,\t indirecdy\t and\t subtly, perhaps,\tbut\toffensively\tnonetheless. As\t Thucydides\t wrote\t of\t Pausanias,\t \u201cBy\t his\t contempt\t for\t the\t laws\t and\t his imitation\t of\t foreign\t ways\t he\t had\t made\t himself\t very\t widely\t suspected\t of\t being unwilling\t to\t abide\t by\t normal\t standards.\u201d\t Cultures\t have\t norms\t that\t reflect centuries\tof\tshared\tbeliefs\tand\tideals.\tDo\tnot\texpect\tto\tscoff\tat\tsuch\tthings\twith impunity.\t You\t will\t be\t punished\t somehow,\t even\t if\t just\t through\t isolationa position\tof\treal\tpowerlessness. Many\t of\t us,\t like\t Pausanias,\t feel\t the\t siren\t call\t of\t the\t exotic,\t the\t foreign. Measure\t and\t moderate\t diis\t desire.\t Flaunting\t your\t pleasure\t in\t alien\t ways\t of thinking\tand\tacting\twill\treveal\ta\tdifferent\tmotiveto\tdemonstrate\tyour\tsuperiority over\tyour\tfellows. OBSERVANCE\tOF\tTHE\tLAW During\t the\t late\t sixteenth\t century,\t a\t violent\t reaction\t against\t the\t Protestant Reformation\t erupted\t in\t Italy.\t The\t Counter-Reformation,\t as\t it\t was\t called, included\t its\t own\t version\t of\t the\t Inquisition\t to\t root\t out\t all\t deviations\t from\t the Catholic\t Church.\t Among\t its\t victims\t was\t the\t scientist\t Galileo,\t but\t an\t important thinker\t who\t suffered\t even\t greater\t persecution\t was\t the\t Dominican\t monk\t and philosopher\tTommaso\tCampanella. A\t follower\t of\t the\t materialist\t doctrine\t of\t the\t Roman\t philosopher\t Epicurus, Campanella\t did\t not\t believe\t in\t miracles,\t or\t in\t heaven\t and\t hell.\t The\t Church\t had promoted\t such\t superstitions,\t he\t wrote,\t to\t control\t the\t common\t folk\t by\t keeping them\t in\t fear.\t Such\t ideas\t verged\t on\t atheism,\t and\t Campanella\t expressed\t them","incautiously.\tIn\t1593\tthe\tInquisition\tthrew\thim Bene\tvixit,\tqui\tbene\tlatuit\t\u201cHe\tlives\twell\twho\tconceals\thimself\twell.\u201d a.d.\t18 Ovid,\tc.\t43\tB.C. Wise\tmen\t[should\tbe]\tlike\tcoffers\twith\tdouble\tbottoms:\tWhich\twhen\tothers look\tinto,\tbeing\topened,\tthey\tsee\tnot\tall\tthat\tthey\thold. Sir\tWalter\tRaleigh,\t1554-1618 WHK.N\tTHK\tWATKHS\tWERE\tCHANCED Once\t upon\t a\t time\t Khidr,\t the\t teacher\t of\t Moses,\t called\t upon\t mankind\t with\t a warning.\tAt\ta\tcertain\tdate,\the\tsaid,\tall\tthe\twater\tin\tthe\tworld\twhich\thad\tnot\tbeen specially\t hoarded,\t would\t disappear.\t It\t would\t then\t be\t renewed,\t with\t different water,\t which\t would\t drive\t men\t mad.\t Only\t one\t man\t listened\t to\t the\t meaning\t of this\tadvice.\tHe\tcollected\twater\tand\twent\tto\ta\tsecure\tplace\twhere\the\tstored\tit,\tand waited\tfor\tthe\twater\tto\tchange\tits\tcharacter. On\t the\t appointed\t date\t the\t streams\t stopped\t running,\t the\t wells\t went\t dry,\t and the\tman\twho\thad\tlistened,\tseeing\tthis LAW\t38\t319 happening,\twent\tto\this\tretreat\tand\tdrank\this\tpreserved\twater.\tWhen\the\tsaw, from\t his\t security,\t the\t waterfalls\t again\t beginning\t to\t flow,\t this\t man\t descended among\tthe\tother\tsons\tof\tmen.\tHe\tfound\tthat\tthey\twere\tthinking\tand\ttalking\tin\tan entirely\t different\t way\t from\t before;\t yet\t they\t had\t no\t memory\t of\t what\t had happened,\tnor\tof\thaving\tbeen\twarned.\tWhen\the\ttried\tto\ttalk\tto\tthem,\the\trealized that\tthey\tthought\tthat\the\twas\tmad,\tand\tthey\tshowed\thostility\tor\tcompassion,\tnot understanding.\t At\t first\t he\t drank\t none\t of\t the\t new\t water,\t but\t went\t back\t to\t his concealment,\t to\t draw\t on\t his\t supplies,\t every\t day.\t Finally,\t however,\t he\t took\t the decision\t to\t drink\t the\t new\t water\t because\t he\t could\t not\t bear\t the\t loneliness\t of living,\t behaving\t and\t thinking\t in\t a\t different\t way\t from\t everyone\t else.\t He\t drank the\tnew\twater,\tand\tbecame\tlike\tthe\trest.\tThen\the\tforgot\tall\tabout\this\town\tstore of\tspecial\twater,\tand\this\tfellows\tbegan\tto\tlook\tupon\thim\tas\ta\tmadman\twho\thad miraculously\tbeen\trestored\tto\tsanity. TALES\tOF the\tdervishes, Idries\tShah, into\t prison\t for\t his\t heretical\t beliefs.\t Six\t years\t later,\t as\t a\t form\t of\t partial release,\the\twas\tconfined\tto\ta\tmonastery\tin\tNaples. Southern\t Italy\t was\t controlled\t by\t Spain\t at\t the\t time,\t and\t in\t Naples Campanella\tbecame\tinvolved\tin\ta\tplot\tto\tfight\tand\tthrow\tout\tmese\tinvaders.\tHis hope\twas\tto\testablish\tan\tindependent\trepublic\tbased\ton\this\town\tideas\tof\tUtopia. The\t leaders\t of\t the\t Italian\t Inquisition,\t working\t with\t their\t Spanish\t counterparts,","had\thim\timprisoned\tagain.\tThis\ttime\tdiey\talso\ttortured\thim,\tto\tdiscover\tthe\ttrue nature\t of\t his\t impious\t beliefs:\t He\t was\t subjected\t to\t the\t infamous\t la\t veglia,\t a torture\t in\t which\t he\t was\t suspended\t by\t his\t arms\t in\t a\t squatting\t position\t a\t few inches\tabove\ta\tseat\tstudded\twith\tspikes.\tThe\tposture\twas\timpossible\tto\tsustain, and\tin\ttime\tdie\tvictim\twould\tend\tup\tsitting\ton\tthe\tspikes,\twhich\twould\ttear\this flesh\tat\tthe\tslightest\tcontact. During\t these\t years,\t however,\t Campanella\t learned\t something\t about\t power. Facing\t the\t prospect\t of\t execution\t for\t heresy,\t he\t changed\t his\t strategy:\t He\t would not\t renounce\t his\t behefs,\t yet\t he\t knew\t he\t had\t to\t disguise\t their\t outward appearance. To\tsave\this\tlife,\tCampanella\tfeigned\tmadness.\tHe\tlet\this\tinquisitors\timagine that\t his\t beliefs\t stemmed\t from\t an\t incontrollable\t unsoundness\t of\t mind.\t For\t a while\t the\t tortures\t continued,\t to\t see\t if\t his\t insanity\t was\t faked,\t but\t in\t 1603\t his sentence\t was\t commuted\t to\t life\t in\t prison.\t The\t first\t four\t years\t of\t this\t he\t spent chained\t to\t a\t wall\t in\t an\t underground\t dungeon.\t Despite\t such\t conditions,\t he continued\t to\t writealthough\t no\t longer\t would\t he\t be\t so\t foolish\t as\t to\t express\t his ideas\tdirectiy. One\t book\t of\t Campanella's,\t The\t Hispanic\t Monarchy,\t promoted\t the\t idea\t diat Spain\t had\t a\t divine\t mission\t to\t expand\t its\t powers\t around\t the\t world,\t and\t offered the\t Spanish\t king\t practical,\t Machiavelli-type\t advice\t for\t achieving\t this.\t Despite his\t own\t interest\t in\t Machiavelli,\t the\t book\t in\t general\t presented\t ideas\t completely the\t opposite\t to\t his\t own.\t The\t Hispanic\t Monarchy\t was\t in\t fact\t a\t ploy,\t an\t attempt to\t show\t his\t conversion\t to\t orthodoxy\t in\t the\t boldest\t manner\t possible.\t It\t worked: In\t 1626,\t six\t years\t after\t its\t publication,\t die\t pope\t finally\t let\t Campanella\t out\t of prison. Shortly\t after\t gaining\t his\t freedom,\t Campanella\t wrote\t Atheism\t Conquered,\t a book\t attacking\t free-thinkers,\t Machiavellians,\t Calvinists,\t and\t heretics\t of\t all stripes.\tThe\tbook\tis\twritten\tin\tthe\tform\tof\tdebates\tin\twhich\theretics\texpress\ttheir beliefs\t and\t are\t countered\t by\t arguments\t for\t the\t superiority\t of\t Catholicism. Campanella\thad\tobviously\treformedhis\tbook\tmade\tthat\tclear.\tOr\tdid\tit The\targuments\tin\tthe\tmouths\tof\tthe\theretics\thad\tnever\tbefore\tbeen\texpressed with\t such\t verve\t and\t freshness.\t Pretending\t to\t present\t their\t side\t only\t to\t knock\t it down,\t Campanella\t actually\t summarized\t die\t case\t against\t Catholicism\t with striking\t passion.\t When\t he\t argued\t the\t other\t side,\t supposedly\t his\t side,\t on\t the other\t hand,\t he\t resorted\t to\t stale\t cliches\t and\t convoluted\t rationales.\t Brief\t and eloquent,\t the\t heretics'\t arguments\t seemed\t bold\t and\t sincere.\t The\t lengthy arguments\tfor\tCatholicism\tseemed\ttiresome\tand\tunconvincing. Catholics\twho\tread\tthe\tbook\tfound\tit\tdisturbing\tand\tambiguous,\tbut they\tcould\tnot\tclaim\tit\twas\theretical,\tor\tthat\tCampanella\tshould\tbe\treturned","to\t prison.\t His\t defense\t of\t Catholicism,\t after\t all,\t used\t arguments\t they\t had\t used themselves.\t Yet\t in\t the\t years\t to\t come,\t Atheism\t Conquered\t became\t a\t bible\t for atheists,\tMachiavellians\tand\tlibertines\twho\tused\tthe\targuments\tCampanella\thad put\t in\t their\t mouths\t to\t defend\t their\t dangerous\t ideas.\t Combining\t an\t outward display\t of\t conformity\t witii\t an\t expression\t of\t his\t true\t beliefs\t in\t a\t way\t that\t his sympathizers\t would\t understand,\t Campanella\t showed\t that\t he\t had\t learned\t his lesson. Interpretation In\t the\t face\t of\t awesome\t persecution,\t Campanella\t devised\t three\t strategic moves\tthat\tsaved\this\thide,\tfreed\thim\tfrom\tprison,\tand\tallowed\thim\tto\tcontinue\tto express\t his\t beliefs.\t First\t he\t feigned\t madnessthe\t medieval\t equivalent\t of disavowing\t responsibility\t for\t one's\t actions,\t like\t blaming\t one's\t parents\t today. Next\t he\t wrote\t a\t book\t that\t expressed\t the\t exact\t opposite\t of\t his\t own\t beliefs. Finally,\tand\tmost\tbrilliantiy\tof\tall,\the\tdisguised\this\tideas\twhile\tinsinuating\tthem at\t the\t same\t time.\t It\t is\t an\t old\t but\t powerful\t trick:\t You\t pretend\t to\t disagree\t with dangerous\t ideas,\t but\t in\t die\t course\t of\t your\t disagreement\t you\t give\t diose\t ideas expression\tand\texposure.\tYou\tseem\tto\tconform\tto\tdie\tprevailing\torthodoxy,\tbut diose\twho\tknow\twill\tunderstand\tdie\tirony\tinvolved.\tYou\tare\tprotected. It\t is\t inevitable\t in\t society\t that\t certain\t values\t and\t customs\t lose\t contact\t with dieir\t original\t motives\t and\t become\t oppressive.\t And\t mere\t will\t always\t be\t those who\t rebel\t against\t such\t oppression,\t harboring\t ideas\t far\t ahead\t of\t their\t time.\t As Campanella\twas\tforced\tto\trealize,\thowever,\tthere\tis\tno\tpoint\tin\tmaking\ta\tdisplay of\t your\t dangerous\t ideas\t if\t diey\t only\t bring\t you\t suffering\t and\t persecution. Martyrdom\t serves\t no\t purposebetter\t to\t live\t on\t in\t an\t oppressive\t world,\t even\t to dirive\t in\t it.\t Meanwhile\t find\t a\t way\t to\t express\t your\t ideas\t subdy\t for\t diose\t who understand\tyou.\tLaying\tyour\tpearls\tbefore\tswine\twill\tonly\tbring\tyou\ttrouble. For\ta\tlong\ttime\tI\thave\tnot\tsaid\twhat\tI\tbelieved,\tnor\tdo\tI\tever\tbelieve what\tI\tsay,\tand\tif\tindeed\tsometimes\tI\tdo\thappen\tto\ttell\tthe\ttruth, I\thide\tit\tamong\tso\tmany\tlies\tthat\tit\tis\thard\tto\tfind. Niccolo\tMachiavelli,\tin\ta\tletter\tto\tFrancesco\tGuicciardini,\tMay\t17,\t1521 Never\t combat\t any\t man's\t opinion;\t for\t though\t you\t reached\t the\t age\t of Methuselah,\t you\t would\t never\t have\t done\t setting\t him\t right\t upon\t all\t the\t absurd things\t that\t he\t believes-It\t is\t also\t well\t to\t avoid\t correcting\t people's\t mistakes\t in conversation,\t however\t good\t your\t intentions\t may\t be;\t for\t it\t is\t easy\t to\t offend people,\tand\tdifficult,\tif\tnot\timpossible\tto\tmend\tthem. If\tyou\tfeel\tirritated\tby\tthe\tabsurd\tremarks\tof\ttwo\tpeople\twhose\tconversation you\t happen\t to\t overhear,\t you\t should\t imagine\t that\t you\t are\t listening\t to\t the dialogue\t of\t two\t fools\t in\t a\t comedy.\t Probatum\t est.\t The\t man\t who\t comes\t into\t the world\t with\t the\t notion\t that\t he\t is\t really\t going\t to\t instruct\t it\t in\t matters\t of\t the","highest\timportance,\tmay\tthank\this\tstars\tif\the\tescapes\twith\ta\twhole\tskin. Arthur Schopenhauer, 1788-1860 KEYS\tTO\tPOWER We\t all\t tell\t lies\t and\t hide\t our\t true\t feelings,\t for\t complete\t free\t expression\t is\t a social\timpossibility.\tFrom\tan\tearly\tage\twe\tlearn\tto\tconceal\tour\tthoughts,\ttelling die\tprickly\tand\tinsecure\twhat\twe\tknow\tthey\twant\tto\thear,\twatching\tcarefully\tlest we\toffend\tdiem.\tFor\tmost\tof\tus\ttiiis\tis\tnaturalthere\tare\tideas\tand\tvalues\tdiat\tmost people\taccept,\tand\tit\tis\tpointless\tto\targue.\tWe\tbelieve\twhat\twe\twant\tto,\tmen,\tbut on\tdie\toutside\twe\twear\ta\tmask. There\t are\t people,\t however,\t who\t see\t such\t restraints\t as\t an\t intolerable infringement\ton\ttheir\tfreedom,\tand\twho\thave\ta\tneed\tto\tprove\tthe\tsuperi- \u201cLook\taround\tyou,\u201d said\tthe\tcitizen.\t\\\"This\tis the\tlargest\tmarket\tin the\tworld.\t\\\" \u201cOh\tsurely\tnot,\u201d\tsaid the\ttraveller. \\\"Well,\tperhaps\tnot the\tlargest,\\\"\tsaid\tthe citizen,\t\\\"but\tmuch the\tbest.\\\" \\\"You\tare\tcertainly wrong\tthere,\t\\\"\tsaid\tthe traveller.\t\\\"I\tcan\ttell you.\t...\\\" They\tburied\tthe stranger\tin\tthe\tdusk. FABLES, Robert\tLouis\tStevenson,\t1850-1894 If\tMachiavelli\thad\thad a\tprince\tfor\tdisciple, the\tfirst\tthing\the\twould have\trecommended him\tto\tdo\twould\thave been\tto\twrite\ta\tbook against\tMachiavellism. Voltaire,\t1694-1778","ority\tof\ttheir\tvalues\tand\tbeliefs.\tIn\tthe\tend,\tthough,\ttheir\targuments\tconvince only\t a\t few\t and\t offend\t a\t great\t deal\t more.\t The\t reason\t arguments\t do\t not\t work\t is that\tmost\tpeople\thold\ttheir\tideas\tand\tvalues\twidiout\tthinking\tabout\tthem.\tThere is\ta\tstrong\temotional\tcontent\tin\ttheir\tbeliefs:\tThey\treally\tdo\tnot\twant\tto\thave\tto rework\t their\t habits\t of\t thinking,\t and\t when\t you\t challenge\t them,\t whether\t directly through\tyour\targuments\tor\tindirecdy\tthrough\tyour\tbehavior,\tthey\tare\thostile. Wise\t and\t clever\t people\t learn\t early\t on\t that\t they\t can\t display\t conventional behavior\t and\t mouth\t conventional\t ideas\t widiout\t having\t to\t believe\t in\t diem.\t The power\tthese\tpeople\tgain\tfrom\tblending\tin\tis\tthat\tof\tbeing\tleft\talone\tto\thave\tdie thoughts\t tfiey\t want\t to\t have,\t and\t to\t express\t diem\t to\t the\t people\t they\t want\t to express\t them\t to,\t without\t suffering\t isolation\t or\t ostracism.\t Once\t tiiey\t have established\t themselves\t in\t a\t position\t of\t power,\t they\t can\t try\t to\t convince\t a\t wider circle\t of\t the\t correctness\t of\t dieir\t ideas\t perhaps\t working\t indirecdy,\t using Campanella's\tstrategies\tof\tirony\tand\tinsinuation. In\tthe\tlate\tfourteenth\tcentury,\tthe\tSpanish\tbegan\ta\tmassive\tpersecution\tof\tdie Jews,\t murdering\t Uiousands\t and\t driving\t others\t out\t of\t the\t country.\t Those\t who remained\tin\tSpain\twere\tforced\tto\tconvert.\tYet\tover\tdie\tnext\tthree\thundred\tyears, die\t Spanish\t noticed\t a\t phenomenon\t diat\t disturbed\t them:\t Many\t of\t die\t converts lived\t dieir\t outward\t lives\t as\t Cadiolics,\t yet\t somehow\t managed\t to\t retain\t their Jewish\t beliefs,\t practicing\t the\t religion\t in\t private.\t Many\t of\t these\t so-called Marranos\t (originally\t a\t derogatory\t term,\t being\t the\t Spanish\t for\t \u201cpig\u201d)\t attained high\t levels\t of\t government\t office,\t married\t into\t die\t nobility,\t and\t gave\t every appearance\t of\t Christian\t piety,\t only\t to\t be\t discovered\t late\t in\t life\t as\t practicing Jews.\t (The\t Spanish\t Inquisition\t was\t specifically\t commissioned\t to\t ferret\t diem out.)\tOver\tthe\tyears\tthey\tmastered\tdie\tart\tof\tdissimulation,\tdisplaying\tcrucifixes liberally,\t giving\t generous\t gifts\t to\t churches,\t even\t occasionally\t making\t anti- Semitic\tremarksand\tall\tdie\twhile\tmaintaining\ttheir\tinner\tfreedom\tand\tbeliefs. In\t society,\t the\t Marranos\t knew,\t outward\t appearances\t are\t what\t matter.\t This remains\t true\t today.\t The\t strategy\t is\t simple:\t As\t Campanella\t did\t in\t writing Atheism\tConquered,\tmake\ta\tshow\tof\tblending\tin,\teven\tgoing\tso\tfar\tas\tto\tbe\tthe most\t zealous\t advocate\t of\t the\t prevailing\t orthodoxy.\t If\t you\t stick\t to\t conventional appearances\tin\tpublic\tfew\twill\tbelieve\tyou\tthink\tdifferendy\tin\tprivate. Do\tnot\tbe\tso\tfoolish\tas\tto\timagine\tthat\tin\tour\town\ttime\tthe\told\torthodoxies are\t gone.\t Jonas\t Salk,\t for\t instance,\t thought\t science\t had\t gotten\t past\t politics\t and protocol.\t And\t so,\t in\t his\t search\t for\t a\t polio\t vaccine,\t he\t broke\t all\t die\t rulesgoing public\t widi\t a\t discovery\t before\t showing\t it\t to\t the\t scientific\t community,\t taking credit\t for\t die\t vaccine\t widiout\t acknowledging\t die\t scientists\t who\t had\t paved\t die way,\t making\t himself\t a\t star.\t The\t public\t may\t have\t loved\t him\t but\t scientists shunned\t him.\t His\t disrespect\t for\t his\t community's\t orthodoxies\t left\t him\t isolated,","and\t he\t wasted\t years\t trying\t to\t heal\t die\t breach,\t and\t struggling\t for\t funding\t and cooperation. Bertolt\tBrecht\tunderwent\ta\tmodern\tform\tof\tInquisitionthe\tHouse Un-American\t Activities\t Committeeand\t approached\t it\t with\t considerable canniness.\t Having\t worked\t off\t and\t on\t in\t die\t American\t film\t industry\t during World\tWar\tII,\tin\t1947\tBrecht\twas\tsummoned\tto\tappear\tbefore\tthe\tcommittee\tto answer\t questions\t on\t his\t suspected\t Communist\t sympathies.\t Other\t writers\t called before\t die\t committee\t made\t a\t point\t of\t attacking\t its\t members,\t and\t of\t acting\t as belligerently\tas\tpossible\tin\torder\tto\tgain\tsympadry\tfor\tthemselves.\tBrecht,\ton\tdie other\t hand,\t who\t had\t actually\t worked\t steadfastly\t for\t the\t Communist\t cause, played\t the\t opposite\t game:\t He\t answered\t questions\t wim\t ambiguous\t generalities that\tdefied\teasy\tinterpretation.\tCall\tit\tthe\tCampanella\tstrategy.\tBrecht\teven\twore a\t suita\t rare\t event\t for\t him\t and\t made\t a\t point\t of\t smoking\t a\t cigar\t during\t the proceedings,\tknowing\tthat\ta\tkey\tcommittee\tmember\thad\ta\tpassion\tfor\tcigars.\tIn the\tend\the\tcharmed\tthe\tcommittee\tmembers,\twho\tlet\thim\tgo\tscot-free. Brecht\tthen\tmoved\tto\tEast\tGermany,\twhere\the\tencountered\ta\tdifferent\tkind of\tInquisition.\tHere\tthe\tCommunists\twere\tin\tpower,\tand\tthey\tcriticized\this\tplays as\t decadent\t and\t pessimistic.\t He\t did\t not\t argue\t with\t them,\t but\t made\t small changes\t in\t the\t performance\t scripts\t to\t shut\t them\t up.\t Meanwhile\t he\t managed\t to preserve\t the\t published\t texts\t as\t written.\t His\t outward\t conformity\t in\t both\t cases gave\t him\t die\t freedom\t to\t work\t unhindered,\t without\t having\t to\t change\t his thinking.\t In\t the\t end,\t he\t made\t his\t way\t safely\t through\t dangerous\t times\t in different\t countries\t through\t the\t use\t of\t litde\t dances\t of\t orthodoxy,\t and\t proved\t he was\tmore\tpowerful\tthan\tthe\tforces\tof\trepression. Not\tonly\tdo\tpeople\tof\tpower\tavoid\tthe\toffenses\tof\tPausanias\tand\tSalk,\tthey also\tlearn\tto\tplay\tthe\tclever\tfox\tand\tfeign\tthe\tcommon\ttouch.\tThis\thas\tbeen\tdie ploy\t of\t con\t artists\t and\t politicians\t throughout\t die\t centuries.\t Leaders\t like\t Julius Caesar\tand\tFranklin\tD.\tRoosevelt\thave\tovercome\ttheir\tnatural\taristocratic\tstance to\t cultivate\t a\t familiarity\t with\t the\t common\t man.\t They\t have\t expressed\t tiiis familiarity\tin\tlittle\tgestures,\toften\tsymbolic,\tto\tshow\tthe\tpeople\tthat\ttheir\tleaders share\tpopular\tvalues,\tdespite\ttheir\tdifferent\tstatus. The\tlogical\textension\tof\tthis\tpractice\tis\tdie\tinvaluable\tability\tto\tbe\tall\tthings to\tall\tpeople.\tWhen\tyou\tgo\tinto\tsociety,\tleave\tbehind\tyour\town\tideas\tand\tvalues, and\t put\t on\t the\t mask\t diat\t is\t most\t appropriate\t for\t die\t group\t in\t which\t you\t find yourself.\t Bismarck\t played\t this\t game\t successfully\t for\t yearsmere\t were\t people who\t vaguely\t understood\t what\t he\t was\t up\t to,\t but\t not\t clearly\t enough\t that\t it mattered.\tPeople\twill\tswallow\tdie\tbait\tbecause\tit\tflatters\tthem\tto\tbelieve\tthat\tyou share\ttheir\tideas.\tThey\twill\tnot\ttake\tyou\tas\ta\thypocrite\tif\tyou\tare\tcarefulfor\thow can\tthey\taccuse\tyou\tof\thypocrisy\tif\tyou\tdo\tnot\tlet\tthem\tknow\texactly\twhat\tyou","stand\t for\t Nor\t will\t they\t see\t you\t as\t lacking\t in\t values.\t Of\t course\t you\t have valuesdie\tvalues\tyou\tshare\twitii\tdiem,\twhile\tin\ttheir\tcompany. Authority:\t Do\t not\t give\t dogs\t what\t is\t holy;\t and\t do\t not\t dirow\t your\t pearls before\t swine,\t lest\t they\t trample\t them\t under\t foot\t and\t turn\t to\t attack\t you.\t (Jesus Christ,\tMatthew\t7:6) Image:\tThe\tBlack\tThe\therd\tshuns\tthe\tSheeD\tblack\tsheep,\tuncertain\twhether or\t not\t it\t belongs\t with\t them.\t So\t it\t straggles\t behind,\t or\t wanders\t away\t from\t the herd,\twhere\tit\tis\tcornered\tby\twolves\tand\tpromptly\tdevoured.\tStay\twith\tthe\therd there\t is\t safety\t in\t numbers.\t Keep\t your\t differences\t in\t your\t thoughts\t and\t not\t in your\tfleece. REVERSAL The\t only\t time\t it\t is\t worth\t standing\t out\t is\t when\t you\t already\t stand\t out\t when you\t have\t achieved\t an\t unshakable\t position\t of\t power,\t and\t can\t display\t your difference\tfrom\tothers\tas\ta\tsign\tof\tthe\tdistance\tbetween\tyou.\tAs\tpresident\tof\tthe United\tStates,\tLyndon\tJohnson\twould\tsometimes\thold\tmeetings\twhile\the\tsat\ton the\t toilet.\t Since\t no\t one\t else\t either\t could\t or\t would\t claim\t such\t a\t \u201cprivilege,\u201d Johnson\t was\t showing\t people\t that\t he\t did\t not\t have\t to\t observe\t the\t protocols\t and niceties\t of\t others.\t The\t Roman\t emperor\t Caligula\t played\t the\t same\t game:\t He would\twear\ta\twoman's\tnegligee,\tor\ta\tbathrobe,\tto\treceive\timportant\tvisitors.\tHe even\t went\t so\t far\t as\t to\t have\t his\t horse\t elected\t consul.\t But\t it\t backfired,\t for\t the people\t hated\t Caligula,\t and\t his\t gestures\t eventually\t brought\t his\t overthrow.\t The truth\t is\t that\t even\t those\t who\t attain\t the\t heights\t of\t power\t would\t be\t better\t off\t at least\t affecting\t the\t common\t touch,\t for\t at\t some\t point\t they\t may\t need\t popular support. Finally,\t there\t is\t always\t a\t place\t for\t the\t gadfly,\t the\t person\t who\t successfully defies\tcustom\tand\tmocks\twhat\thas\tgrown\tlifeless\tin\ta\tculture.\tOscar\tWilde,\tfor example,\t achieved\t considerable\t social\t power\t on\t this\t foundation:\t He\t made\t it clear\tthat\the\tdisdained\tthe\tusual\tways\tof\tdoing\tthings,\tand\twhen\the\tgave\tpublic readings\this\taudiences\tnot\tonly\texpected\thim\tto\tinsult\tthem\tbut\twelcomed\tit.\tWe notice,\t however,\t that\t his\t eccentric\t role\t eventually\t destroyed\t him.\t Even\t had\t he come\tto\ta\tbetter\tend,\tremember\tthat\the\tpossessed\tan\tunusual\tgenius:\tWithout\this gift\tto\tamuse\tand\tdelight,\this\tbarbs\twould\tsimply\thave\toffended\tpeople.","48\tLaws\tof\tPower LAW\t39 STIR\tUP\tWATERS\tTO\tCATCH\tFISH JUDGMENT Anger\t and\t emotion\t are\t strategically\t counterproductive.\t You\t must\t always stay\tcalm\tand\tobjective.\tBut\tif\tyou\tcan\tmake\tyour\tenemies\tangry\twhile\tstaying calm\tyourself\tyou\tgain\ta\tdecided\tadvantage.\tPut\tyour\tenemies\toff-balance:\tFind the\t chink\t in\t their\t vanity\t through\t which\t you\t can\t rattle\t them\t and\t you\t hold\t the strings. The\t Kyoto\t Shoshidai\t Itakura\t Suwo-no-kami\t Shigemune\t was\t very\t fond\t of Cha-no-yu\t(the\ttea\tceremony),\tand\tused\tto\tgrind\this\town\ttea\twhile\tsitting\tin\tthe court\tas\tjudge.\tAnd\tthe\treason\twas\tthis.\tHe\tonce\tasked\ta\tfriend\tof\this\twho\twas his\t companion\t in\t Cha-no-yu,\t a\t tea\t merchant\t named\t Eiki,\t to\t tell\t him\t frankly what\twas\tthe\tpublic\topinion\tabout\thim.\t\u201cWell,\u201dsaid\tEiki,\t\u201cthey\tsay\tthat\tyou\tgel irritated\t with\t those\t who\t don't\t give\t their\t evidence\t very\t clearly\t and\t scold\t them, and\t so\t people\t are\t afraid\t to\t bring\t lawsuits\t before\t you\t and\t if\t they\t do,\t the\t truth does\tnot\tcome\tout.\u201d\t\u201cAh,\tI\tam\tglad\tyou\thave\ttold\tme\tthat,\u201d\treplied\tShigemune, \u201cfor\t now\t that\t I\t consider\t it,\t I\t have\t fallen\t into\t the\t habit\t of\t speaking\t sharply\t to people\t in\t this\t way,\t and\t no\t doubt\t humble\t folk\t and\t those\t who\t are\t not\t ready\t in speech\tget\tflurried\tand\tare\tunable\tto\tput\ttheir\tcase\tin\tthe\tbest\tlight.\tI\twill\tsee\tto it\t that\t this\t does\t not\t occur\t in\t the\t future.\u201d\t So\t after\t this\t he\t had\t a\t tea\t mill\t placed before\thim\tin\tcourt\tand\tin\tfront\tof\tit\tthe\tpaper-covered\tshoji\twere\tdrawn\tto,\tand Shigemune\t sat\t behind\t them\t and\t ground\t the\t tea\t and\t thus\t kept\t his\t mind\t calm while\the\theard\tthe\tcases.\tAnd\the\tcould TRANSGRESSION\tOF\tTHE\tLAW In\t January\t of\t 1809,\t an\t agitated\t and\t anxious\t Napoleon\t hurried\t back\t to\t Paris from\this\tSpanish\twars.\tHis\tspies\tand\tconfidants\thad\tconfirmed\ta\trumor\tthat\this foreign\tminister\tTalleyrand\thad\tconspired\tagainst\thim\twith\tFouche,\tthe\tminister of\tpolice.\tImmediately\ton\tarriving\tin\tthe\tcapital\tthe\tshocked\temperor\tsummoned his\t ministers\t to\t the\t palace.\t Following\t them\t into\t the\t meeting\t right\t after\t their arrival,\t he\t began\t pacing\t up\t and\t down,\t and\t started\t rambling\t vaguely\t about plotters\t working\t against\t him,\t speculators\t bringing\t down\t the\t stock\t market, legislators\tdelaying\this\tpoliciesand\this\town\tministers\tundermining\thim. As\t Napoleon\t talked,\t Talleyrand\t leaned\t on\t the\t mantelpiece,\t looking","completely\t indifferent.\t Facing\t Talleyrand\t directly,\t Napoleon\t announced,\t \u201cFor these\t ministers,\t treason\t has\t begun\t when\t they\t permit\t themselves\t to\t doubt.\u201d\t At the\t word\t \u201ctreason\u201d\t the\t ruler\t expected\t his\t minister\t to\t be\t afraid.\t But\t Talleyrand only\tsmiled,\tcalm\tand\tbored. The\tsight\tof\ta\tsubordinate\tapparently\tserene\tin\tthe\tface\tof\tcharges\tthat\tcould get\thim\thanged\tpushed\tNapoleon\tto\tthe\tedge.\tThere\twere\tministers,\the\tsaid,\twho wanted\thim\tdead,\tand\the\ttook\ta\tstep\tcloser\tto\tTalleyrand\twho\tstared\tback\tat\thim unfazed.\t Finally\t Napoleon\t exploded.\t \u201cYou\t are\t a\t coward,\u201d\t he\t screamed\t in Talleyrand's\t face,\t \u201ca\t man\t of\t no\t faidi.\t Nothing\t is\t sacred\t to\t you.\t You\t would\t sell your\t own\t father.\t I\t have\t showered\t you\t with\t riches\t and\t yet\t there\t is\t nothing\t you would\t not\t do\t to\t hurt\t me.\u201d\t The\t other\t ministers\t looked\t at\t each\t other\t in disbeliefthey\t had\t never\t seen\t this\t fearless\t general,\t the\t conqueror\t of\t most\t of Europe,\tso\tunhinged. \u201cYou\t deserve\t to\t be\t broken\t like\t glass,\u201d\t Napoleon\t continued,\t stamping.\t \u201cI have\t the\t power\t to\t do\t it,\t but\t I\t have\t too\t much\t contempt\t for\t you\t to\t bother.\t Why didn't\tI\thave\tyou\thanged\tfrom\tdie\tgates\tof\tthe\tTuileries\tBut\tthere\tis\tstill\ttime\tfor that.\u201d\t Yelling,\t almost\t out\t of\t bream,\t his\t face\t red,\t his\t eyes\t bulging,\t he\t went\t on, \u201cYou,\t by\t the\t way,\t are\t nothing\t but\t shit\t in\t a\t silk\t stocking.\t ...\t What\t about\t your wife\t You\t never\t told\t me\t that\t San\t Carlos\t was\t your\t wife's\t lover\u201d\t \u201cIndeed,\t sire,\t it did\t not\t occur\t to\t me\t that\t this\t information\t had\t any\t bearing\t on\t Your\t Majesty's glory\t or\t my\t own,\u201d\t said\t Talleyrand\t calmly,\t completely\t unflustered.\t After\t a\t few more\t insults,\t Napoleon\t walked\t away.\t Talleyrand\t slowly\t crossed\t the\t room, moving\twith\this\tcharacteristic\tlimp.\tAs\tan\tattendant\thelped\thim\twith\this\tcloak, he\tturned\tto\this\tfellow\tministers\t(all\tafraid\tthey\twould\tnever\tsee\thim\tagain),\tand said,\t \u201cWhat\t a\t pity,\t gende-men,\t that\t so\t great\t a\t man\t should\t have\t such\t bad manners.\u201d Despite\t his\t anger,\t Napoleon\t did\t not\t arrest\t his\t foreign\t minister.\t He\t merely relieved\t him\t of\t his\t duties\t aj\t id\t banished\t him\t from\t die\t court,\t believing\t that\t for this\tman\thumiliation\twould\tbe\tpunishment\tenough.\tHe\tdid\tnot\trealize\tthat\tword had\t quickly\t spread\t of\t his\t tiradeof\t how\t the\t emperor\t had\t completely\t lost\t control of\t himself,\t and\t how\t Talleyrand\t had\t essentially\t humiliated\t him\t by\t maintaining his\tcomposure\tand\tdignity.\tA\tpage\thad\tbeen\tturned:\tFor\tthe\tfirst\ttime\tpeople\thad seen\tdie\tgreat\temperor\tlose\this\tcool\tunder\tfire.\tA\tfeeling\tspread\tthat\the\twas\ton die\tway\tdown.\tAs\tTalleyrand\tlater\tsaid,\t\u201cThis\tis\tthe\tbeginning\tof\tthe\tend.\u201d Interpretation This\twas\tindeed\tthe\tbeginning\tof\tthe\tend.\tWaterloo\twas\tstill\tsix\tyears\tahead, but\t Napoleon\t was\t on\t a\t slow\t descent\t to\t defeat,\t crystallizing\t in\t 1812\t with\t his disastrous\t invasion\t of\t Russia.\t Talleyrand\t was\t the\t first\t to\t see\t the\t signs\t of\t his decline,\t especially\t in\t the\t irrational\t war\t with\t Spain.\t Sometime\t in\t 1808,\t die","minister\tdecided\tthat\tfor\tthe\tfuture\tpeace\tof\tEurope,\tNapoleon\thad\tto\tgo.\tAnd\tso he\tconspired\twith\tFouche. It\t is\t possible\t that\t the\t conspiracy\t was\t never\t anything\t more\t than\t a\t ploya device\tto\tpush\tNapoleon\tover\tthe\tedge.\tFor\tit\tis\thard\tto\tbelieve\tthat\ttwo\tof\tthe most\tpractical\tmen\tin\thistory\twould\tonly\tgo\thalfway\tin\ttheir\tplotting.\tThey\tmay have\tbeen\tonly\tstirring\tthe\twaters,\ttrying\tto\tgoad\tNapoleon\tinto\ta\tmisstep.\tAnd indeed,\t what\t they\t got\t was\t the\t tantrum\t mat\t laid\t out\t his\t loss\t of\t control\t for\t all\t to see.\t In\t fact,\t Napoleon's\t soon-famous\t blowup\t that\t afternoon\t had\t a\t profoundly negative\teffect\ton\this\tpublic\timage. This\t is\t the\t problem\t with\t the\t angry\t response.\t At\t first\t it\t may\t strike\t fear\t and terror,\t but\t only\t in\t some,\t and\t as\t the\t days\t pass\t and\t the\t storm\t clears,\t other responses\temergeembarrassment\tand\tuneasiness\tabout\tthe\tshouter's\tcapacity\tfor going\tout\tof\tcontrol,\tand\tresentment\tof\twhat\thas\tbeen\tsaid.\tLosing\tyour\ttemper, you\t always\t make\t unfair\t and\t exaggerated\t accusations.\t A\t few\t such\t tirades\t and people\tare\tcounting\tthe\tdays\tuntil\tyou\tare\tgone. In\t the\t face\t of\t a\t conspiracy\t against\t him,\t a\t conspiracy\t between\t his\t two\t most important\t ministers,\t Napoleon\t certainly\t had\t a\t right\t to\t feel\t angry\t and\t anxious. But\t by\t responding\t so\t angrily,\t and\t so\t publicly,\t he\t only\t demonstrated\t his frustration.\tTo\tshow\tyour\tfrustration\tis\tto\tshow\tthat\tyou\thave\tlost\tyour\tpower\tto shape\tevents;\tit\tis\tthe\thelpless\taction\tof\tthe\tchild\twho\tresorts\tto\ta\thysterical\tfit\tto get\this\tway.\tThe\tpowerful\tnever\treveal\tthis\tkind\tof\tweakness. There\t were\t a\t number\t of\t tilings\t Napoleon\t could\t have\t done\t in\t this\t situation. He\t could\t have\t thought\t about\t the\t fact\t that\t two\t eminently\t sensible\t men\t had\t had reason\t to\t turn\t against\t him,\t and\t could\t have\t listened\t and\t learned\t from\t them.\t He could\t have\t tried\t to\t win\t them\t back\t to\t him.\t He\t could\t even\t have\t gotten\t rid\t of them,\tmaking\ttheir\timprisonment\tor\tdeath\tan\tominous\tdisplay\tof\this\tpower.\tNo tirades,\t no\t childish\t fits,\t no\t embarrassing\t after-effects-just\t a\t quiet\t and\t definitive severing\tof\tties. Remember:\tTantrums\tneither\tintimidate\tnor\tinspire\tloyalty.\tThey\tonly\tcreate doubts\tand\tuneasiness\tabout\tyour\tpower.\tExposing\tyour\tweakness,\tthese\tstormy eruptions\toften\therald\ta\tfall. easily\t see\t whether\t his\t composure\t was\t ruffled\t or\t not\t by\t looking\t at\t the\t tea, which\t would\t not\t fall\t evenly\t ground\t to\t the\t proper\t consistency\t if\t he\t got\t excited. And\t so\t justice\t was\t done\t impartially\t and\t people\t went\t away\t from\t his\t court satisfied. cha-no-yu: the\tjapanese\ttea ceremony A.L.Sadler,","If\t possible,\t no\t animosity\t should\t be\t felt\t for\t anyone....\t To\t speak\t angrily\t to\t a person,\t to\t show\t your\t hatred\t by\t what\t you\t say\t or\t by\t the\t way\t you\t look,\t is\t an unnecessary\tproceedingdangerous,\tfoolish,\tridiculous,\tand\tvulgar. Anger\t or\t hatred\t should\t never\t be\t shown\t otherwise\t than\t in\t what\t you\t do;\t and feelings\t will\t be\t all\t the\t more\t effective\t in\t action,\t in\t so\t far\t as\t you\t avoid\t the exhibition\tof\tthem\t in\tany\tother\tway.\tIt\tis\tonly\tthe\tcoldblooded\tanimals\twhose bite\tis\tpoisonous. Arthur Schopenhauer. 1788-1860 OBSERVANCE\tOF\tTHE\tLAW By\t the\t late\t 1920s,\t Haile\t Selassie\t had\t nearly\t achieved\t his\t goal\t of\t assuming total\t control\t over\t Ethiopia,\t a\t country\t he\t felt\t needed\t strong\t and\t unified leadership.\tAs\tregent\tto\tthe\tempress\tZauditu\t(stepdaughter\tof\tthe\tlate\tqueen)\tand heir\t to\t the\t throne,\t Selassie\t had\t spent\t several\t years\t weakening\t the\t power\t of Ethiopia's\tvarious\twarlords.\tNow\tonly\tone\treal\tobstacle\tstood THK\tMONKEY\tAND\tTHE\tWASP A\t monkey,\t whilst\t munching\t a\t ripe\t pear,\t was\t pestered\t by\t the\t bare-faced importunities\t of\t a\t wasp,\t who,\t nolens\t volens,\t would\t have\t a\t part.\t After threatening\t the\t monkey\t with\t his\t anger\t if\t he\t further\t hesitated\t to\t submit\t to\t his demand,\the\tsettled\ton\tthe\tfruit;\tbut\twas\tas\tsoon\tknocked\toff\tby\tthe\tmonkey.\tThe irritable\t wasp\t now\t had\t recourse\t to\t invectiveand,\t after\t using\t the\t most\t insulting language,\t which\t the\t other\t calmly\t listened\t to,\t he\t so\t worked\t himself\t up\t into violent\tpassion\tthat,\tlosing\tall\tconsideration\tof\tthe\tpenalty,\the\tflew\tto\tthe\tface\tof the\t monkey,\t and\t stung\t him\t with\t such\t rage\t that\t he\t was\t unable\t to\t extricate\t his weapon,\t and\t was\t compelled\t to\t tear\t himself\t away,\t leaving\t it\t in\t the\t woundthus entailing\ton\thimself\ta\tlingering\tdeath,\taccompanied\tby\tpains\tmuch\tgreater\tthan those\the\thad\tinflicted. FABLF.S, Jonathan\tBirch,\t1783-1847 in\this\tway:\tthe\tempress\tand\ther\thusband,\tRas\tGugsa.\tSelassie\tknew\tthe\troyal couple\t hated\t him\t and\t wanted\t to\t get\t rid\t of\t him,\t so\t to\t cut\t short\t their\t plotting\t he made\tGugsa\tthe\tgovernor\tof\tthe\tnorthern\tprovince\tof\tBegemeder,\tforcing\thim\tto leave\tthe\tcapital,\twhere\tthe\tempress\tlived. For\tseveral\tyears\tGugsa\tplayed\tthe\tloyal\tadministrator.\tBut\tSelassie\tdid\tnot trust\t him:\t He\t knew\t that\t Gugsa\t and\t the\t empress\t were\t plotting\t revenge.\t As\t time passed\tand\tGugsa\tmade\tno\tmove,\tthe\tchances\tof\ta\tplot\tonly\tincreased.\tSelassie knew\twhat\the\thad\tto\tdo:\tdraw\tGugsa\tout,\tget\tunder\this\tskin,\tand\tpush\thim\tinto action\tbefore\the\twas\tready.","For\t several\t years,\t a\t northern\t tribe,\t the\t Azebu\t Gallas,\t had\t been\t in\t virtual rebellion\tagainst\tthe\tthrone,\trobbing\tand\tpillaging\tlocal\tvillages\tand\trefusing\tto pay\t taxes.\t Selassie\t had\t done\t nothing\t to\t stop\t them,\t letting\t them\t grow\t stronger. Finally,\tin\t1929,\the\tordered\tRas\tGugsa\tto\tlead\tan\tarmy\tagainst\tthese\tdisobedient tribesmen.\tGugsa\t agreed,\tbut\tinwardly\the\t seethedhe\thad\tno\tgrudge\tagainst\t the Azebu\t Gallas,\t and\t the\t demand\t that\t he\t fight\t them\t hurt\t his\t pride.\t He\t could\t not disobey\tdie\torder,\tbut\tas\the\tworked\tto\tput\ttogether\tan\tarmy,\the\tbegan\tto\tspread an\tugly\trumorthat\tSelassie\twas\tin\tcahoots\twith\tthe\tpope,\tand\tplanned\tto\tconvert the\t country\t to\t Roman\t Catholicism\t and\t make\t it\t a\t colony\t of\t Italy.\t Gugsa's\t army swelled,\t and\t some\t of\t the\t tribes\t from\t which\t its\t soldiers\t came\t secredy\t agreed\t to fight\t Selassie.\t In\t March\t of\t 1930\t an\t enormous\t force\t of\t 35,000\t men\t began\t to march,\t not\t on\t the\t Azebu\t Gallas\t but\t south,\t toward\t the\t capital\t of\t Addis\t Ababa. Made\t confident\t by\t his\t growing\t strength,\t Gugsa\t now\t openly\t led\t a\t holy\t war\t to depose\tSelassie\tand\tput\tthe\tcountry\tback\tin\tthe\thands\tof\ttrue\tChristians. He\t did\t not\t see\t the\t trap\t that\t had\t been\t laid\t for\t him.\t Before\t Selassie\t had ordered\t Gugsa\t to\t fight\t the\t Azebu\t Gallas,\t he\t had\t secured\t the\t support\t of\t the Ethiopian\tchurch.\tAnd\tbefore\tthe\trevolt\tgot\tunderway,\the\thad\tbribed\tseveral\tof Gugsa's\t key\t allies\t not\t to\t show\t up\t for\t battle.\t As\t the\t rebel\t army\t marched\t south, airplanes\t flew\t overhead\t dropping\t leaflets\t announcing\t that\t the\t highest\t church officials\thad\trecognized\tSelassie\tas\tdie\ttrue\tChristian\tleader\tof\tEthiopia,\tand\tthat tiiey\t had\t excommunicated\t Gugsa\t for\t fomenting\t a\t civil\t war.\t These\t leaflets severely\tblunted\tthe\temotions\tbehind\tthe\tholy\tcrusade.\tAnd\tas\tbatde\tloomed\tand the\t support\t that\t Gugsa's\t allies\t had\t promised\t him\t failed\t to\t show\t up,\t soldiers began\tto\tflee\tor\tdefect. When\t the\t batde\t came,\t the\t rebel\t army\t quicky\t collapsed.\t Refusing\t to surrender,\tRas\tGugsa\twas\tkilled\tin\tdie\tfighting.\tThe\tempress,\tdistraught\tover\ther husband's\t death,\t died\t a\t few\t days\t later.\t On\t April\t 30,\t Selassie\t issued\t a\t formal proclamation\tannouncing\this\tnew\ttide:\tEmperor\tof\tEthiopia. Interpretation Haile\t Selassie\t always\t saw\t several\t moves\t ahead.\t He\t knew\t that\t if\t he\t let\t Ras Gugsa\tdecide\tdie\ttime\tand\tplace\tof\tthe\trevolt,\tthe\tdanger\twould\tbe\tmuch\tgreater than\t if\t he\t forced\t Gugsa\t to\t act\t on\t Selassie's\t terms.\t So\t he\t goaded\t him\t into rebellion\t by\t offending\t his\t manly\t pride,\t asking\t him\t to\t fight\t people\t he\t had\t no quarrel\twith\ton\tbehalf\tof\ta\tman\the\thated.\tThinking\teverything\tout ahead,\tSelassie\tmade\tsure\tthat\tGugsa's\trebellion\twould\tcome\tto\tnothing,\tand mat\the\tcould\tuse\tit\tto\tdo\taway\twith\this\tlast\ttwo\tenemies. This\t is\t the\t essence\t of\t the\t Law:\t When\t the\t waters\t are\t still,\t your\t opponents have\tthe\ttime\tand\tspace\tto\tplot\tactions\tthat\tthey\twill\tinitiate\tand\tcontrol.\tSo\tstir the\t waters,\t force\t the\t fish\t to\t the\t surface,\t get\t them\t to\t act\t before\t they\t are\t ready,","steal\t the\t initiative.\t The\t best\t way\t to\t do\t this\t is\t to\t play\t on\t uncontrollable emotionspride,\t vanity,\t love,\t hate.\t Once\t die\t water\t is\t stirred\t up,\t the\t little\t fish cannot\thelp\t but\t rise\t to\t the\t bait.\t The\t angrier\t they\t become,\t the\t less\t control\t they have,\t and\t finally\t they\t are\t caught\t in\t the\t whirlpool\t you\t have\t made,\t and\t they drown. A\tsovereign\tshould\tnever\tlaunch\tan\tarmy\tout\tof\tanger,\ta\tleader\tshould\tnever start\ta\twar\tout\tof\twrath. Sun-tzu,\tfourth\tcentury\tB.\tc. KEYS\tTO\tPOWER Angry\tpeople\tusually\tend\tup\tlooking\tridiculous,\tfor\ttheir\tresponse\tseems\tout of\t proportion\t to\t what\t occasioned\t it.\t They\t have\t taken\t things\t too\t seriously, exaggerating\tthe\thurt\tor\tinsult\tthat\thas\tbeen\tdone\tto\tthem.\tThey\tare\tso\tsensitive to\tslight\tthat\tit\tbecomes\tcomical\thow\tmuch\tdiey\ttake\tpersonally.\tMore\tcomical still\t is\t their\t belief\t that\t their\t outbursts\t signify\t power.\t The\t truth\t is\t the\t opposite: Petulance\t is\t not\t power,\t it\t is\t a\t sign\t of\t helplessness.\t People\t may\t temporarily\t be cowed\t by\t your\t tantrums,\t but\t in\t the\t end\t they\t lose\t respect\t for\t you.\t They\t also realize\tthey\tcan\teasily\tundermine\ta\tperson\twith\tso\tlittle\tself-control. The\tanswer,\thowever,\tis\tnot\tto\trepress\tour\tangry\tor\temotional\tresponses.\tFor repression\t drains\t us\t of\t energy\t and\t pushes\t us\t into\t strange\t behavior.\t Instead\t we have\t to\t change\t our\t perspective:\t We\t have\t to\t realize\t that\t nothing\t in\t the\t social realm,\tand\tin\tthe\tgame\tof\tpower,\tis\tpersonal. Everyone\t is\t caught\t up\t in\t a\t chain\t of\t events\t that\t long\t predates\t the\t present moment.\t Our\t anger\t often\t stems\t from\t problems\t in\t our\t childhood,\t from\t the problems\t of\t our\t parents\t which\t stem\t from\t their\t own\t childhood,\t on\t and\t on.\t Our anger\t also\t has\t roots\t in\t the\t many\t interactions\t with\t others,\t the\t accumulated disappointments\t and\t heartaches\t that\t we\t have\t suffered.\t An\t individual\t will\t often appear\t as\t the\t instigator\t of\t our\t anger\t but\t it\t is\t much\t more\t complicated,\t goes\t far beyond\t what\t that\t individual\t did\t to\t us.\t If\t a\t person\t explodes\t with\t anger\t at\t you (and\t it\t seems\t out\t of\t proportion\t to\t what\t you\t did\t to\t them),\t you\t must\t remind yourself\tthat\tit\tis\tnot\texclusively\tdirected\tat\tyou\tdo\tnot\tbe\tso\tvain.\tThe\tcause\tis much\t larger,\t goes\t way\t back\t in\t time,\t involves\t dozens\t of\t prior\t hurts,\t and\t is actually\t not\t worth\t the\t bother\t to\t understand.\t Instead\t of\t seeing\t it\t as\t a\t personal grudge,\tlook\tat\tthe\temotional\toutburst\tas\ta\tdisguised\tpower\tmove,\tan\tattempt\tto control\tor\tpunish\tyou\tcloaked\tin\tthe\tform\tof\thurt\tfeelings\tand\tanger. This\t shift\t of\t perspective\t will\t let\t you\t play\t the\t game\t of\t power\t with\t more clarity\tand\tenergy.\tInstead\tof\toverreacting,\tand\tbecoming\tensnared\tin\tpeo- DITCH\tHIGH\tPRIEST Kin'yo,\t an\t officer\t of\t the\t second\t rank,\t had\t a\t brother\t called\t the\t High\t Priest Ryogaku,\t an\t extremely\t bad-tempered\t man.\t Next\t to\t his\t monastery\t grew\t a\t large","nettle-tree\twhich\toccasioned\tthe\tnickname\tpeople\tgave\thim,\tthe\tNettle-tree\tHigh Priest.\t \u201cThat\t name\t is\t outrageous,\u201d\t said\t the\t high\t priest,\t and\t cut\t down\t the\t tree. The\tstump\tstill\tbeing\tleft,\tpeople\treferred\tto\thim\tnow\tas\tthe\tStump\tHigh\tPriest. More\t furious\t than\t ever,\t Ryogaku\t had\t the\t stump\t dug\t up\t and\t thrown\t away,\t but this\tleft\ta\tbig\tditch.\tPeople\tnow\tcalled\thim\tthe\tDitch\tHigh\tPriest. ESSAYS\tIN\tIDLENESS,\tKENKO, Japan, fourteenth\tcentury pie's\t emotions,\t you\t will\t turn\t their\t loss\t of\t control\t to\t your\t advantage:\t You keep\tyour\thead\twhile\tthey\tare\tlosing\ttheirs. During\t an\t important\t batde\t in\t the\t War\t of\t the\t Three\t Kingdoms,\t in\t die\t third century\t A.D.,\t advisers\t to\t die\t commander\t Ts'ao\t Ts'ao\t discovered\t documents showing\t that\t certain\t of\t his\t generals\t had\t conspired\t with\t die\t enemy,\t and\t urged him\tto\tarrest\tand\texecute\tdiem.\tInstead\the\tordered\tthe\tdocuments\tburned\tand\tdie matter\t forgotten.\t At\t this\t critical\t moment\t in\t the\t battle,\t to\t get\t upset\t or\t demand justice\twould\thave\treverberated\tagainst\thim:\tAn\tangry\taction\twould\thave\tcalled attention\t to\t die\t generals'\t disloyalty,\t which\t would\t have\t harmed\t die\t troops' morale.\t Justice\t could\t waithe\t would\t deal\t with\t the\t generals\t in\t time.\t Ts'ao\t Ts'ao kept\this\thead\tand\tmade\tthe\tright\tdecision. Compare\t this\t to\t Napoleon's\t response\t to\t Talleyrand:\t Instead\t of\t taking\t the conspiracy\t personally,\t the\t emperor\t should\t have\t played\t the\t game\t like\t Ts'ao Ts'ao,\t carefully\t weighing\t die\t consequences\t of\t any\t action\t he\t took.\t The\t more powerful\tresponse\tin\tthe\tend\twould\thave\tbeen\tto\tignore\tTalleyrand,\tor\tto\tbring the\tminister\tgradually\tback\tto\this\tside\tand\tpunish\thim\tlater. Anger\t only\t cuts\t off\t our\t options,\t and\t die\t powerful\t cannot\t thrive\t witii-out options.\t Once\t you\t train\t yourself\t not\t to\t take\t matters\t personally,\t and\t to\t control your\t emotional\t responses,\t you\t will\t have\t placed\t yourself\t in\t a\t position\t of tremendous\t power:\t Now\t you\t can\t play\t with\t die\t emotional\t responses\t of\t odier people.\t Stir\t die\t insecure\t into\t action\t by\t impugning\t their\t manhood,\t and\t by dangling\t die\t prospect\t of\t an\t easy\t victory\t before\t tiieir\t faces.\t Do\t as\t Houdini\t did when\t challenged\t by\t die\t less\t successful\t escape\t artist\t Kleppini:\t Reveal\t an apparent\t weakness\t (Houdini\t let\t Kleppini\t steal\t the\t combination\t for\t a\t pair\t of cuffs)\tto\tlure\tyour\topponent\tinto\taction.\tThen\tyou\tcan\tbeat\thim\twith\tease.\tWidi the\t arrogant\t too\t you\t can\t appear\t weaker\t tiian\t you\t are,\t taunting\t diem\t into\t a\t rash action. Sun\tPin,\tcommander\tof\tdie\tarmies\tof\tCh'i\tand\tloyal\tdisciple\tof\tSun-tzu,\tonce led\t his\t troops\t against\t the\t armies\t of\t Wei,\t which\t outnumbered\t him\t two\t to\t one. \u201cLet\t us\t light\t a\t hundred\t thousand\t fires\t when\t our\t army\t enters\t Wei,\u201d\t suggested Sun\tPin,\t\u201cfifty\tthousand\ton\tdie\tnext\tday,\tand\tonly\tthirty\tthousand\ton\tthe\tthird.\u201d","On\t the\t tiiird\t day\t the\t Wei\t general\t exclaimed,\t \u201cI\t knew\t the\t men\t of\t Ch'i\t were cowards,\t and\t after\t only\t three\t days\t more\t than\t half\t of\t diem\t have\t deserted!\u201d\t So, leaving\tbehind\this\tslow-moving\theavy\tinfantry,\tthe\tgeneral\tdecided\tto\tseize\tthe moment\tand\tmove\tswiftly\ton\tdie\tCh'i\tcamp\twith\ta\tlightiy\tarmed\tforce.\tSun\tPin's troops\tretreated,\tluring\tWei's\tarmy\tinto\ta\tnarrow\tpass,\twhere\ttiiey\tambushed\tand destroyed\t diem.\t Widi\t die\t Wei\t general\t dead\t and\t his\t forces\t decimated,\t Sun\t Pin now\teasily\tdefeated\tthe\trest\tof\this\tarmy. In\t the\t face\t of\t a\t hot-headed\t enemy,\t finally,\t an\t excellent\t response\t is\t no response.\t Follow\t the\t Talleyrand\t tactic:\t Notiiing\t is\t as\t infuriating\t as\t a\t man\t who keeps\this\tcool\twhile\tothers\tare\tlosing\ttheirs.\tIf\tit\twill\twork\tto\tyour\tadvantage\tto unsetde\t people,\t affect\t die\t aristocratic,\t bored\t pose,\t neimer\t mocking\t nor triumphant\tbut\tsimply\tindifferent.\tThis\twill\tlight\ttiieir\tfuse. When\t they\t embarrass\t themselves\t with\t a\t temper\t tantrum,\t you\t will\t have gained\tseveral\tvictories,\tone\tof\tthese\tbeing\tthat\tin\tthe\tface\tof\ttheir\tchildishness you\thave\tmaintained\tyour\tdignity\tand\tcomposure. Image:\t The\t Pond\t of\t Fish.\t The\t waters\t are\t clear\t and\t calm,\t and\t the\t fish\t are well\t below\t the\t surface.\t Stir\t the\t waters\t and\t they\t emerge.\t Stir\t it\t some\t more\t and they\t get\t angry,\t rising\t to\t the\t surface,\t biting\t whatever\t comes\t near-including\t a freshly\tbaited\thook. Authority:\t If\t your\t opponent\t is\t of\t a\t hot\t temper,\t try\t to\t irritate\t him.\t If\t he\t is arrogant,\t try\t to\t encourage\t his\t egotism.\t .\t .\t .\t One\t who\t is\t skilled\t at\t making\t the enemy\t move\t does\t so\t by\t creating\t a\t situation\t according\t to\t which\t the\t enemy\t will act;\t he\t entices\t the\t enemy\t with\t something\t he\t is\t certain\t to\t take.\t He\t keeps\t the enemy\ton\tthe\tmove\tby\tholding\tout\tbait\tand\tthen\tattacks\thim\twith\tpicked\ttroops. (Sun-tzu,\tfourth\tcentury\tB.C.) REVERSAL When\tplaying\twith\tpeople's\temotions\tyou\thave\tto\tbe\tcareful.\tStudy\tthe enemy\tbeforehand:\tSome\tfish\tare\tbest\tleft\tat\tthe\tbottom\tof\tthe\tpond. The\t leaders\t of\t the\t city\t of\t Tyre,\t capital\t of\t ancient\t Phoenicia,\t felt\t confident they\t could\t withstand\t Alexander\t the\t Great,\t who\t had\t conquered\t the\t Orient\t but had\t not\t attacked\t their\t city,\t which\t stood\t well\t protected\t on\t the\t water.\t They\t sent ambassadors\t to\t Alexander\t saying\t that\t although\t they\t would\t recognize\t him\t as emperor\t they\t would\t not\t allow\t him\t or\t his\t forces\t to\t enter\t Tyre.\t This\t of\t course enraged\t him,\t and\t he\t immediately\t mounted\t a\t siege.\t For\t four\t months\t the\t city withstood\thim,\tand\tfinally\the\tdecided\tthat\tthe\tstruggle\twas\tnot\tworth\tit,\tand\tthat he\twould\tcome\tto\tterms\twith\tthe\tTyrians.\tBut\tthey,\tfeeling\tthat\tthey\thad\talready baited\t Alexander\t and\t gotten\t away\t with\t it,\t and\t confident\t that\t they\t could withstand\thim,\trefused\tto negotiatein\tfact\tdiey\tkilled\this\tmessengers.","This\tpushed\tAlexander\tover\tdie\tedge.\tNow\tit\tdid\tnot\tmatter\tto\thim\thow\tlong the\tsiege\tlasted\tor\thow\tlarge\tan\tarmy\tit\tneeded;\the\thad\tdie\tresources,\tand\twould do\t whatever\t it\t took.\t He\t remounted\t his\t assault\t so\t strenuously\t mat\t he\t captured Tyre\twitiiin\tdays,\tburned\tit\tto\tthe\tground,\tand\tsold\tits\tpeople\tinto\tslavery. You\tcan\tbait\tthe\tpowerful\tand\tget\tmem\tto\tcommit\tand\tdivide\ttheir\tforces\tas Sun\tPin\tdid,\tbut\ttest\tdie\twaters\tfirst.\tFind\tdie\tgap\tin\ttiieir\tstrengm.\tIf\tmere\tis\tno gapif\tdiey\tare\timpossibly\tstrongyou\thave\tnodiing\tto\tgain\tand\teverydiing\tto\tlose by\t provoking\t diem.\t Choose\t carefully\t whom\t you\t bait,\t and\t never\t stir\t up\t die sharks. Finally\t mere\t are\t times\t when\t a\t well-timed\t burst\t of\t anger\t can\t do\t you\t good, but\t your\t anger\t must\t be\t manufactured\t and\t under\t your\t control.\t Then\t you\t can determine\texacdy\thow\tand\ton\twhom\tit\twill\tfall.\tNever\tstir\tup\treactions\tmat\twill work\t against\t you\t in\t the\t long\t run.\t And\t use\t your\t tiiunder-bolts\t rarely,\t to\t make diem\tdie\tmore\tintimidating\tand\tmeaningful.\tWhedier\tpurposefully\tstaged\tor\tnot, if\tyour\toutbursts\tcome\ttoo\toften,\tthey\twill\tlose\tUieir\tpower.","48\tLaws\tof\tPower LAW\t40 DESPISE\tTHE\tFREE\tLUNCH JUDGMENT What\t is\t offered\t for\t free\t is\t dangerousit\t usually\t involves\t either\t a\t trick\t or\t a hidden\tobligation.\tWhat\thas\tworth\tis\tworth\tpaying\tfor.\tBy\tpaying\tyour\town\tway you\tstay\tclear\tof\tgratitude,\tguilt,\tand\tdeceit.\tIt\tis\talso\toften\twise\tto\tpay\tthe\tfull pricethere\tis\tno\tcutting\tcorners\twith\texcellence.\tBe\tlavish\twith\tyour\tmoney\tand keep\tit\tcirculating,\tfor\tgenerosity\tis\ta\tsign\tand\ta\tmagnet\tfor\tpower. HI\tHill)\tTHKASI\tHI. Many\t weak-minded\t persons\t in\t cities\t hope\t to\t discover\t property\t under\t the surface\t of\t the\t earth\t and\t to\t make\t some\t profit\t from\t it.\t In\t the\t Maghrib\t there\t are many\t Berber\t \u201cstudents\u201d\t who\t are\t unable\t to\t make\t a\t living\t by\t natural\t ways\t and means.\tThey\tapproach\twell-to-do\tpeople\twith\tpapers\tthat\thave\ttorn\tmargins\tand contain\t either\t non-Arabic\t writing\t or\t what\t they\t claim\t to\t be\t the\t translation\t of\t a document\twritten\tby\tthe\towner\tof\tburied\ttreasures,\tgiving\tthe\tclue\tto\tthe\thiding place.\tIn\tthis\tway,\tthey\ttry\tto\tget\ttheir\tsustenance\tby\t[persuading\tthe\twell-to-do] to\tsend\tthem\tout\tto\tdig\tand\thunt\tfor\ttreasure.\tOccasionally,\tone\tof\tthese\ttreasure hunters\t displays\t strange\t information\t or\t some\t remarkable\t trick\t of\t magic\t with which\the\tfools\tpeople\tinto\tbelieving\this\tother\tclaims,\talthough,\tin\tfact,\the\tknows nothing\t of\t magic\t and\t its\t procedures....\t The\t things\t that\t have\t been\t said\t about \/treasure\t hunting]\t have\t no\t scientific\t basis,\t nor\t are\t they\t based\t upon\t [factual] information.\tIt\tshould\tbe\trealized\tthat\talthough\ttreasures\tare\tfound,\tthis\thappens rarely\t and\t by\t chance,\t not\t by\t systematic\t search....\t Those\t who\t are\t deluded\t or afflicted\tby\tthese\tthings\tmust\ttake\trefuge\tin\tGod MONEY\tAND\tPOWER In\tthe\trealm\tof\tpower,\teverything\tmust\tbe\tjudged\tby\tits\tcost,\tand\teverything has\t a\t price.\t What\t is\t offered\t for\t free\t or\t at\t bargain\t rates\t often\t comes\t with\t a psychological\t price\t tagcomplicated\t feelings\t of\t obligation,\t compromises\t with quality,\t the\t insecurity\t those\t compromises\t bring,\t on\t and\t on.\t The\t powerful\t learn early\t to\t protect\t their\t most\t valuable\t resources:\t independence\t and\t room\t to maneuver.\t By\t paying\t the\t full\t price,\t they\t keep\t themselves\t free\t of\t dangerous entanglements\tand\tworries. Being\t open\t and\t flexible\t with\t money\t also\t teaches\t the\t value\t of\t strategic","generosity,\t a\t variation\t on\t the\t old\t trick\t of\t \u201cgiving\t when\t you\t are\t about\t to\t take.\u201d By\tgiving\tthe\tappropriate\tgift,\tyou\tput\tthe\trecipient\tunder\tobligation.\tGenerosity softens\tpeople\tupto\tbe\tdeceived.\tBy\tgaining\ta\treputation\tfor\tliberality,\tyou\twin people's\t admiration\t while\t distracting\t them\t from\t your\t power\t plays.\t By strategically\t spreading\t your\t wealth,\t you\t charm\t the\t other\t courtiers,\t creating pleasure\tand\tmaking\tvaluable\tallies. Look\t at\t the\t masters\t of\t powerthe\t Caesars,\t the\t Queen\t Elizabeths,\t the Michelangelos,\tthe\tMedicis:\tNot\ta\tmiser\tamong\tthem.\tEven\tthe\tgreat\tcon\tartists spend\t freely\t to\t swindle.\t Tight\t purse\t strings\t are\t unattractivewhen\t engaged\t in seduction,\tCasanova\twould\tgive\tcompletely\tnot\tonly\tof\thimself\tbut\tof\this\twallet. The\t powerful\t understand\t that\t money\t is\t psychologically\t charged,\t and\t that\t it\t is also\ta\tvessel\tof\tpoliteness\tand\tsociability.\tThey\tmake\tthe\thuman\tside\tof\tmoney\ta weapon\tin\ttheir\tarmory. For\teveryone\table\tto\tplay\twith\tmoney,\tthousands\tmore\tare\tlocked\tin\ta\tself- destructive\t refusal\t to\t use\t money\t creatively\t and\t strategically.\t These\t types represent\t the\t opposite\t pole\t to\t the\t powerful,\t and\t you\t must\t learn\t to\t recognize themeither\t to\t avoid\t their\t poisonous\t natures\t or\t to\t turn\t their\t inflexibility\t to\t your advantage: The\t Greedy\t Fish.\t The\t greedy\t fish\t take\t the\t human\t side\t out\t of\t money.\t Cold and\t ruthless,\t they\t see\t only\t the\t lifeless\t balance\t sheet;\t viewing\t others\t solely\t as either\tpawns\tor\tobstructions\tin\ttheir\tpursuit\tof\twealth,\tthey\ttrample\ton\tpeople's sentiments\t and\t alienate\t valuable\t allies.\t No\t one\t wants\t to\t work\t with\t the\t greedy fish,\tand\tover\tthe\tyears\tthey\tend\tup\tisolated,\twhich\toften\tproves\ttheir\tundoing. Greedy\t fish\t are\t the\t con\t artist's\t bread\t and\t butter:\t Lured\t by\t the\t bait\t of\t easy money,\t they\t swallow\t the\t ruse\t hook,\t line,\t and\t sinker.\t They\t are\t easy\t to\t deceive, for\t they\t spend\t so\t much\t time\t dealing\t with\t numbers\t (not\t with\t people)\t that\t they become\tblind\tto\tpsychology,\tincluding\ttheir\town.\tEither\tavoid\tthem\tbefore\tthey exploit\tyou\tor\tplay\ton\ttheir\tgreed\tto\tyour\tgain. The\tBargain\tDemon.\tPowerful\tpeople\tjudge\teverything\tby\twhat\tit\tcosts,\tnot just\t in\t money\t but\t in\t time,\t dignity,\t and\t peace\t of\t mind.\t And\t this\t is\t exactly\t what Bargain\t Demons\t cannot\t do.\t Wasting\t valuable\t time\t digging\t for\t bargains,\t they worry\tendlessly\tabout\twhat\tthey\tcould\thave\tgotten\telsewhere\tfor\ta\tlitde\tless.\tOn top\tof\tthat,\tthe\tbargain\titem\tthey\tdo\tbuy\tis\toften\tshabby;\tperhaps\tit\tneeds\tcostly repairs,\tor\twill\thave\tto\tbe\treplaced\ttwice\tas fast\t as\t a\t high-quality\t item.\t The\t costs\t of\t these\t pursuitsnot\t always\t in\t money (though\t the\t price\t of\t a\t bargain\t is\t often\t deceptive)\t but\t in\t time\t and\t peace\t of minddiscourage\t normal\t people\t from\t undertaking\t mem,\t but\t for\t the\t Bargain Demon\tthe\tbargain\tis\tan\tend\tin\titself. These\t types\t might\t seem\t to\t harm\t only\t themselves,\t but\t their\t attitudes\t are"]
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