BOOK HOSTELRY DONE docx

HOSTELRY By Carlos A. Rojas “Gracias a mis hijos por su apoyo y comprensión, los amo.” “Los Sacrificios de hoy son el éxito del mañana” 1

I want to thank my son and my students who inspired me to do this text book to better their objective of learning English. 2

Introduction - Introduccion The constant use of the English language as an international means of communication is in constant expansion. This fact is reflected in different fields and in various domains where English is considered as a working tool. In order to reach specific objectives, world countries, including Colombia and all Latin-American countries, introduced English courses at all the levels of the educational system especially at the university through ESP. The latter is the common and well-established teaching methodology that the language teachers actually use to achieve the specific learners‟ needs, and meet the social requirement. El constante uso del idioma Ingles como un medio de comunicación está en constante expansión. Este hecho es reflejado en diferentes campos y en varios quehaceres donde el Inglés es considerado como una herramienta de trabajo. Con el fin de alcanzar los objetivos específicos, los países del mundo, incluyendo Colombia y todos los países de Latinoamérica, introducen cursos de inglés en todos los niveles del sistema educativo especialmente en las universidades a través de ESP. El último es la metodología de enseñanza bien establecida que los profesores del idioma usan actualmente a desarrollar en aprendices específicos las necesidades y encontrar los requerimientos sociales. English for Specific Purposes Ingles para Propositos Especiales Since the 1960‟s ESP has become one of the most active branches of Applied Linguistics in general, and of Teaching English as a Foreign Language (TEFL) in particular. Among the factors that could explain its vitality and its expansion is, as previously mentioned, the emergence of English as a world language, for this reason the necessity to cope with the different teaching situations and needs that such a position brings about. Such necessity implies an understanding of its development, types and the different teaching concepts of ESP. However, it is of great importance to start with the main definitions stated by the linguists concerning ESP. Generally, the Students study English “not because they are interested in the English Language or English culture as such, but because they need English for study or work purposes”. Desde los 1960s ESP se ha convertido una de las ramas más activas de lingüística aplicada en general, y de enseñanza de inglés como idioma foráneo (TEFL) en particular. Entre los factores que pueden explicar su vitalidad y su expansión están, como previamente se mencionó, la emergencia del inglés como un idioma del mundo, por esta razón la necesidad de llenar las diferentes situaciones y necesidades que dicha posición trae acerca. Dicha necesidad implica un entendimiento de su desarrollo, tipos y diferentes conceptos de enseñanza ESP. Como sea este es de gran importancia para comenzar con las principales definiciones dichas por los lingüistas acerca de ESP. Generalmente los estudiantes estudian ingles no porque ellos estén interesados en el idioma Ingles ni tampoco por la cultura inglesa como tal; sino que ellos necesitan el inglés para propósitos de estudio o de trabajo. ESP specific characteristics 1. ESP is defined to meet specific needs of the learners; 2. ESP makes use of underlying methodology and activities of the discipline it serves; 3

3. ESP is centered on the language (grammar, lexis, register), skills, discourse and genre appropriate to these activities. Variable Characteristics: 1. ESP may be related to or designed for specific disciplines; 2. ESP may use, in specific teaching situations, a different methodology from that of General English; 3. ESP is likely to be designed for adult learners, either at a tertiary level institution or in a professional work situation. It could, however, be for learners at secondary school level; 4. ESP is generally designed for intermediate or advanced students. Most ESP courses assume some basic knowledge of the language systems, but it can be used with beginners. Este libro nos dará la oportunidad de poder conocer cada una de las diversas actividades, vocabulario, expresiones más comunes en el área de alimentos y bebidas en hoteles, restaurantes y bares. La idea es que el aprendiz se relacione con el vocabulario que encontrara en su puesto de trabajo diariamente. 4

5

UNIT ONE THE ALPHABET 6

PARTS OF THE DAY-THE MEALS-THE DAYS OF THE WEEK – THE MONTHS OF THE YEAR 7

8

9

QUIZ 1 WRITE THE FOLLOWING AMOUNTS USING CARDINAL NUMBERS : 234 _________________________________ 3601 _________________________________ 12.343 _________________________________ 679.333 _________________________________ 19´798.325 _________________________________ WRITE THE FOLLOWING AMOUNTS USING ORDINAL NUMBERS : 1. _____________ 3. _____________ 5. _____________ 9. ____________ 2. _____________ 12. _____________ 20. ______________ 21. _____________ Rules for Prepositions IN, ON, AT, TO Basic Rules Reglas basicas A. AT a time (A un tiempo) B. ON a day (en un dia) C. IN a month (season, year, decade, century) (in un mes ,estacion,año,decada,siglo.) D. AT an address (en una direccion) E. ON a street (en una calle) F. IN an area (neighborhood, town, borough, state, country, continent, ocean, the world, the solar system, the universe) (En un area , vecindario, pueblo, ciudad, estado, pais, continente, oceano, el mundo, el sistema solar, el universo) 10

20 Special Rules for Prepositions IN, ON, AT, TO 20 Reglas especiales para las Preposiciones IN, ON, AT, TO 1. Look AT and listen TO (mirar a y escuchar a) 2. TO with verbs of desire, necessity, expectation, Love TO, like TO, hate TO, want TO, need TO, have TO, hope TO, expect TO. TO Con verbos de deseo, necesidad,expectative,amor a, gustar a, odiar a, querer a, necesitar a, tener que, esperar que. 3. AT night (en la noche) IN the morning, IN the afternoon, IN the evening (en la mañana , en la tarde, en la noche.) 4. ON transportation (en transportacion) ON the bus, ON the train, ON the subway, ON a plane, ON a jet, ON a ship, ON a bicycle, ON a motorcycle, ON a surfboard, ON a skateboard (sobre el bus,sobre el tren, sobre el metro,sobre el avion,sobre el jet, sobre el barco,sobre la bicicleta,sobre la motocicleta,sobre la tabla de surf, sobre el monopatin) BUT PERO IN a car, IN a taxi, IN a small boat, IN an elevator, IN a helicópter (dentro del carro, dentro del taxi, dentro de un bote pequeño,dentro de un asensor,dentro de un helicoptero) 5. AT an intersection (where two streets cross) (En una interseccion donde se Cruzan dos calles) AT Broadway and 42nd Street, AT Fifth Avenue and 34th Street (en la broadway y la calle 42, en la 5ta avenida y la calle 34) 6. ON an island, ON a farm, ON a college campus, ON earth, ON a planet (sobre una isla,sobre una finca,sobre un campo de una Universidad, sobre la tierra, sobre un planeta) 7. Expressions that mean sometimes use different prepositions: (Expresiones que significan algunas veces uso de diferentes preposiciones) from time TO time, ON occasion, once IN a while (de vez en cuando, en ocasiones, un vez que otra) 8. IN a park, IN a yard, AT a playground (en un parque, en una yarda, en un área de juegos) 9. ON anything flat (sobre todo lo plano) ON a plate, ON the wall, ON the floor, ON a shelf, ON the blackboard, ON a table, ON a desk, ON the stove, ON your face, a hat ON your head (sobre un plato, sobre la pared, sobre el piso, sobre un estante, sobre el tablero, sobre la mesa, sobre el escritorio, sobre la estufa, sobre tu cara, un sombrero sobre tu cabeza) 10. IN a room or anything smaller (dentro de un cuarto o algo más pequeño) IN the closet, IN a drawer, IN a cup, IN a bowl, IN a glass, IN your mouth, ideas IN your head, a look IN your eye, a ribbon IN your hair (dentro del closet, dentro del cajón, dentro de una copa, dentro de un tazón, dentro de un vaso, dentro de su boca, ideas dentro de su cabeza, una mirada en su ojo, una cinta en su su cabello.) 11. TO when moving from point A TO point B (TO cuando movemos de un punto A a un punto B) go TO school, drive TO work, take a trip TO Boston, take your kids TO school, fly TO London, walk TO the library, bring your dog TO the vet. (ir a la escuela, conducir al trabajo, ir a un viaje a Boston, llevar los niños a la escuela, volar a Londres, caminar a la biblioteca,traer al perro al veterinario) 12. ON a/an [adjective] morning, afternoon, evening, night, day ( sobre un o una “fria, caliente”(adj.) mañana , tarde, noche, dia.) ON a cold afternoon, ON a sunny morning, ON a rainy evening, (en una tarde fria, en una mañana soleada, en una noche lluviosa) ON a Saturday night, ON a spring day, ON a special night (en un sabado en la noche, en un dia de primavera, en una noche especial) 13. ON vacation, ON the weekend, ON a trip, ON a picnic, ON your break, (en vacaciones, en el fin de semana, en un viaje, en un picnic, en su descanso,) ON a leave of absence, ON your lunch hour (en un permiso de ausencia,en su hora de almuerzo) 11

14. IN the water swimming (or drowning), ON the water boating (en el agua nadando, o ahogandose, sobre el agua navegando) 15. AT the beach (the whole place), lie ON the beach (=ON the sand), play IN the sand (en la playa , (todo el lugar), tendido sobre la playa en la arena) 16. ON anything like a line (sobre algo como una linea) ON the coast, stand ON line, ON the border, ON the side, ON a team/committee (sobre la costa, parado sobre la linea, en la frontera, en el lado, en el equipo /comite) 17. ON forms of communications ( en formas de comunicacion) ON TV, ON the radio, ON the phone, ON the fax machine, ON the computer, ON a disk, ON a CD, ON a hard drive, ON a channel, ON a screen ( en el televisor en el radio, en el teléfono, en el fax, en el computador, en el disquete, un CD, en un disco duro, en un canal , en una pantalla) 18. a report or news article ON the economy (ABOUT the economy) (en un reporte o articulo noticioso, en la economía (acerca de economía)) 19. ON time for an event or activity: Come to the meeting ON time. Be in class ON time (a tiempo para un evento o actividad, vino a la reunión a tiempo, llegar a clase a tiempo) 20. IN time (or too late) TO do something: Get to the station IN time TO catch a train (en el tiempo /o muy tarde/ , hacer algo: llegar a la estación en el tiempo para tomar un tren) QUIZ 2 I. Write IN, ON or AT where necessary. a. I prefer to watch TV _______ the evening. b. He was born________ 1968 ________ the 20 th century. c. We study the lessons _______ weekends, and sometimes only _______Sunday. d. I want to live_________ Canada. e. My birthday is________ the fourth of July f. The drugstore is __________ 309, Main Avenue. g. _________ Christmas I am visiting some friends 12

h. _________ ( the) summer I like to go to the beach. i. We play soccer ________ the same time ________ Wednesday _________ the afternoon. j. _________ Colombia there are beautiful girls. k. They read their books __________ 6:00pm ________ every day. l . There is a ruler ______ the table _______ the small room. m. my car is______ the corner ________ 2nd street. n. my mom is ________ home now , she's cooking _______ the kitchen. o. I danced _______ a party _________ last night. p. ___________ the week she has _____ lunch ______ work. q.__________ the end of December I go to Italy. r. There are many posters __________ the wall of this bedroom, but ______ the end I have to clear it up! The Colors Yellow blue Red white Black Green purple Brown gray orange What color is the apple? It is red. What color is _______________? It is______________. What color is _______________? It is______________. What color is _______________? It is______________. What color is _______________? It is______________. What color are the apples? They are red. What color are_______________? They are _________. What color are_______________? They are _________. What color are_______________? They are _________. 13

What color are_______________? They are _________. GREETINGS AND FAREWELLS Greetings are used to say hello in English. It's common to use different greetings depending on whether you greet a friend, family or a business associate. When you meet friends, use informal greetings. If it's really important, use formal greetings. Formal greetings are also used with people you do not know very well. Los saludos se utilizan para saludar en inglés. Es común usar diferentes saludos dependiendo de si saludas a un amigo, familia o un socio de negocios. Cuando te encuentres con amigos, usa saludos informales. Si es realmente importante, usa saludos formales. Los saludos formales también se usan con personas que no conoces muy bien. Greetings also depend on whether you are saying hello, or you are saying goodbye. Learn the correct phrases using the notes below, and then practice using greetings with the practice dialogues. Los saludos también dependen de si estás saludando o de despedirte. Aprenda las frases correctas usando las notas a continuación, y luego practique el uso de saludos con los diálogos de práctica. Formal Greetings: Arriving Saludos Formales: llegada  Good morning / afternoon / evening. Buenos dias,tardes,noches  Hello (name), how are you?. Hola (nombre) , como está usted?  Good day Sir / Madam (very formal) Buen dia señor,/dama ( muy formal) Respond to a formal greeting with another formal greeting. Responder a un saludo formal con otro saludo formal. 14

 Good morning Mr. Smith. Buenos días Señor Smith.  Hello Ms. Anderson. How are you today? Hola Señora Anderson. Como esta usted hoy? Informal Greetings: Arriving  Hi / Hello / Hola  How are you?/ Como está usted?  How are you doing? Como ha estado?  What's up? (very informal) / Que pasa? (forma de saludo) It's important to note that the question How are you? or What's up? doesn't necessary need a response. If you do respond, these phrases are generally expected:  How are you? / How are you doing?  Como está usted?/ Como ha estado?  Very well, thank you. And you? (formal) muy bien gracias y usted?  Fine / Great (informal) bien /Estupendo(informal) What's up? Que pasa? (forma de saludo)  Not much./ No mucho  I'm just (watching TV, hanging out, cooking dinner, etc.)  (solo viendo televisión, vacilando, cocinando la cena, etc.) Informal Greetings After a Long Time/ Saludos informales después de un largo tiempo If you haven't seen a friend or family member for a long time, use one these informal greetings to mark the occasion. Si usted no ha visto a un amigo o familiar por un largo periodo de tiempo use estos saludos informales  It's great to see you! Es genial verte!  How have you been? Como has estado?  Long time, no see. Tiempo sin verte  How are you doing these days? Como estas hoy? Formal Greetings: Departing/ Saludos formales : Marchandose Use these greetings when you say goodbye at the end of the day. These greetings are appropriate for work and other formal situations.  Good morning / afternoon / evening. / Buenos dias, tardes, noches.  It was a pleasure seeing you. / Fue un placer verte  Goodbye. / Chao..  Goodnight. (Note: Use after 8 p.m.) Buenas noches: (usar despues de las 8 p.m.) 15

Informal Greetings: Departing/ Saludos informales : Marchandose Use these greetings when saying goodbye in an informal situation.  Nice seeing you!/ agradable verte  Goodbye / Bye/ adios , chao  See you later/ nos vemos luego  Later (very informal) hasta luego Here are some short example conversations for you to practice greetings in English. Find a partner to practice and take a role. Next, switch roles. Finally, make up your own conversations. Aquí hay algunos ejemplos de conversaciones breves para que practiques saludos en inglés. Encuentra un compañero para practicar y tomar un papel. A continuación, cambia los roles. Finalmente, inventa tus propias conversaciones. Greetings in Informal Conversations: Practice Dialogue/ Saludos en conversación informal dialogo de práctica Anna: Tom, what's up? Tom: Hi Anna. Nothing much. I'm just hanging out. What's up with you? Anna: It's a good day. I'm feeling fine. Tom: How is your sister? Anna: Oh, fine. Not much has changed. Tom: Well, I have to go. Nice seeing you! Anna: Later! Maria: Oh, hello Chris. How are you doing? Chris: I'm well. Thanks for asking. How are you? Maria: I can't complain. Life is treating me well. Chris: That's good to hear. Maria: Good to see you again. I need to go to my doctor's appointment. Chris: Nice seeing you. Maria: See you later. Greetings in Formal Conversations: Practice Dialogue Saludos en conversaciones formales: Dialogo de practica John: Good morning. Alan: Good morning. How are you? John: I'm very well thank you. And you? Alan: I'm fine. Thank you for asking. John: Do you have a meeting this morning? Alan: Yes, I do. Do you have a meeting as well? 16

John: Yes. Well. It was a pleasure seeing you. Alan: Goodbye. Questions With Greetings: Saying Hello/ Preguntas con saludos diciendo hola! Start the conversation with a greeting. Examples include:  How are you? (formal)  How's it going? (informal)  What's up? (informal)  How's life? (informal) Practice Dialogue: Dialogo de practica  Mary: What's up?  Jane: Nothing much. How are you?  Mary: I'm fine. Using Questions to Exchange Personal Information / Usando preguntas para intercambiar informacon Here are some of the most common questions used when asking for personal information:  What's your name? cual es tu nombre?  Where are you from? De donde eres?  What's your surname / family name? cual es tu apellido  What's your first name? cual es tu primer nombre?  Where do you live? Donde vives?  What's your address? Cual es tu direccion?  What's your telephone number? Cual es tu numero de telefono?  What's your email address? Cual es la direccion de tu correo electrónico?  How old are you? Cual es tu edad?  When / Where were you born? Cuando y donde naciste?  Are you married? Eres casado(a)?  What is your marital status? Cual es tu estado marital?  What do you do? / What's your Job? Que haces? / cual es tu trabajo? 17

Practice Dialogue: Dialogo de practica Here's a short dialogue giving an example of personal questions. You can use these questions to practice with a friend or a classmate, using your own information. Alex: Can I ask you a few personal questions? Peter: Certainly. Alex: What's your name? Peter: Peter Asilov. Alex: What's your address? Peter: I live at 45 NW 75th Avenue, Phoenix, Arizona. Alex: What's your cell phone number? Peter: My number is 409-498-2091 Alex: And your email address? Peter: Let me spell it for you. It's P-E-T-A-S-I at A-O-L.com Alex: When is your birthday? Peter: I was born on July 5, 1987. Alex: Are you married? Peter: Yes, I am/No, I'm single. Alex: What's your profession?/What do you do for work? Peter: I'm an electrician. 18

UNIT TWO THIS (ESTE ESTO ESTA) THAT (ESE ESO ESA) This is a book. This is a pencil. Is this a book? Yes, It is. Is this a pencil? It is a book. Yes, It is. It is (It’s) a pencil. This is a sharpener. This is a telephone. Is this a sharpener? Is this a telephone? 19

Yes, it is. Yes, it is. ________________ __________________. This is clock. This is an eraser. Is this a clock? Is this an eraser? ______________ _______________ ______________ _______________ This is a house. This is a vase. Is this a house? Is this a vase? ____________ _____________________. ____________ _____________________. These are apples. Those are books. Are these apples? Are those books? Yes, they are. Yes, they are. Are these tables? Are those tables? No, they are not (aren’t) No, they are not (aren’t) They are apples. They are apples. 20

These are pens. Those are pencils. _______________________? _____________________? Yes, they are. Yes, they are. Are these books? Are those erasers? No, ___________________ No, ____________________ _______________________ ________________________ These are umbrellas. Those are flowers ________________________? _______________________? Yes, they are. Yes, they are. Are these rulers? Are those rugs? No, ____________________ No, ____________________ ________________________ _______________________ These are magazines. Those are newspapers. __________________________? _______________________? Yes, they are. Yes, they are. Are these sharpeners? Are those boxes? 21

No,_______________________ No, _____________________ __________________________ _________________________ These are pictures. Those are chairs. ________________________? ________________________? Yes, they are. Yes, they are. Are these Tv. Sets? Are those mirrors? No, _____________________ No, ______________________ _________________________ __________________________ 22

There is (singular) There are (plural) There is an apple on the table There are (some) apples on the table. There is an apple on the table. There are apples on the table. Is there an apple on the table? Are there apples on the table? Yes, there is. Yes, there are. Is there a banana on the table? Are there bananas on the table? No, there is not (isn’t). No, there are not (aren’t). There is an apple on the table. There are apples on the table. There is an eraser on the chair There are erasers on the chair. ________________________? ________________________? Yes, _____________________. Yes, _____________________. Is there a bucket on the chair? Are there buckets on the chair? No, _____________________. No,______________________. There___________________. There____________________. 23

There is a picture on the wall. There are pictures on the wall. _______________________? ________________________? Yes,____________________. Yes, _____________________. Is there a banner on the wall? Are there banners on the wall? No,____________________. No,______________________. There __________________. There____________________. GENERAL QUESTIONS - PREGUNTAS GENERALES General questions are questions we ask to help us start a conversation or keep the conversation going. Here are some common general questions:  Where did you go? Donde fuiste?  What did you do [next]? Que hiciste…..?  Where were you? Donde estuviste?  Do you have a car / house / children / etc. ? tienes carro, casa, hijos, etc.?  Can you play tennis / golf / football / etc.? Puedes jugar tenis, golf, futbol, etc…..?  Can you speak another language? Puedes hablar otro idioma? Practice Dialogue: Kevin: Where did you go last night?/ A donde fuiste anoche? Jack: We went to a bar and then out on the town. / fuimos a un bar y luego fuera en el centro Kevin: What did you do? / Que hiciste? Jack: We visited a few clubs and danced./ Visitamos algunos clubs y bailamos Kevin: Can you dance well? / puedes bailar bien? Jack: Ha ha. Yes, I can dance! / jaja si yo piuedo bailar! Kevin: Did you meet anyone?/ Conociste a alguien? Jack: Yes, I met an interesting Japanese woman./ Kevin: Can you speak Japanese? 24

Jack: No, but she can speak English! How would you like your eggs? Como gustaria los huevos? I want scramble eggs, omelet, pouched, deviled, tea, Soft boiled, hard boiled, sunny or fried side up, over easy. Yo quiero huevos revueltos, en tortilla, cocidos en agua, con relleno, con soya y té, tibios, duros, fritos, fritos blandos.  HOW WOULD YOU LIKE YOUR EGGS?  COMO GUSTARIA SUS HUEVOS?  DO YOU WANT ONE OR TWO EGGS?  QUIERE UNO O DOS HUEVOS?  DO YOU WANT ONIONS, TOMATOES MUSHROOMS, AND CHEESE?  QUIERE CEBOLLA, TOMATE, CHAMPIÑONES, Y QUESO?  DO YOU WANT YOUR FRIED EGGS OVEREASY OR SIDE AND SIDE, SUNNY SIDE UP?  QUIERE SUS HUEVOS FRITOS BLANDITOS O POR LADO Y LADO?  DO YOU WANT SCRAMBLE EGGS?  QUIERE HUEVOS REVUELTOS?  DO YOU WANT YOUR EGGS OMELET?  QUIERE SUS HUEVOS EN TORTILLA?  DO YOU WANT HARD BOILED EGGS?  QUIERE HUEVOS COCIDOS (HERVIDOS)?  DO YOU WANT DEVIL EGGS? 25

 QUIERE HUEVOS A LA DIABLO?  DO YOU WANT BACON, HAM, SAUSAGE OR CHEESE ON THEM?  QUIERE TOCINETA, JAMON, CHORIZO Ó QUESO SOBRE ELLOS?  DO YOU WANT PANCAKES?  QUIERE PANQUEQUES?  HOW MANY PANCAKES DO YOU WANT?  CUANTOS PANQUEQUES DESEA?  DO YOU WANT SYRUP OR MAPLE?  QUIERE MELADO O MELADO DE ARCE DIALOGUE – DIALOGO GUEST- GOOD MORNING.. CHEF- GOOD MORNING, HOW WOULD YOU LIKE YOUR EGGS? GUEST- HUMM… I WANT SCRAMBLE EGGS. CHEF- DO YOU WANT ONION AND TOMATOES ON THEM? GUEST- YES, PLEASE AND ALSO BACON, AND FOR MY WIFE FRIED EGGS OVER EASY PLEASE. CHEF- OK JUST GIVE ME A MINUTE. GUEST- THANK YOU! CHEF- YOU´RE WELCOME ANY TIME. 26

UNIT THREE WELCOMING AT THE RESTAURANT AND BAR A restaurant depends on its customers that is why it is necessary to have a good strategy that allows generating a special bond with them. Un restaurante se debe a sus clientes por eso necesario tener una buena estrategia que permita generar un vínculo especial con ellos. What are the most important aspects of service at the restaurant? ¿Cuáles son los aspectos más importantes del servicio en el restaurante? 1. The greeting is the first impression that takes place. Take the opportunity to welcome him with a smile as a message of formality. 1. El saludo es la primera impresión que se lleva su comensal. Aprovecha para darle la bienvenida con una sonrisa como mensaje de formalidad. 2. Cordiality can make a difference in the restaurant; it is important to train and evaluate your staff in courtesy protocols to generate a pleasant experience for clients. 2.La cordialidad puede marcar la diferencia en el restaurante; es importante entrenar y evaluar a tu personal en protocolos de cortesía para generar una experiencia agradable a los clientes. 3. Attention must be efficient. Prevents your client from waiting more than the bill; values the time of the people who visit your establishment giving all the attention, information and possible interest. 3. La atención debe ser eficiente. Evita que tu cliente espere más de la cuenta; valora el tiempo de las personas que visitan tu establecimiento brindándole toda la atención, información e interés posible. 27

4. Let the client decide; Be prudent and do not harass him. Give him the opportunity to choose calmly and without pressure. 4. Deja que el cliente decida; sé prudente y no lo hostigues. Dale la oportunidad de elegir con calma y sin presiones. 5. Provide reliable information that allows you to see the variety and quality of your products. Your staff should be prepared to offer advice about the product itself. 5. Bríndale información confiable que le permita ver la variedad y calidad de tus productos. Tu personal debe estar preparado para ofrecer un asesoramiento acerca del producto mismo. 6. The appearance of your employees, restaurant and plated is essential to make a good impression. Everything the client sees must be professional. For this reason, it is important to have a qualified team, which receives feedback every day. 6. La apariencia de tus empleados, restaurante y emplatados es fundamental para dar una buena impresión. Todo lo que ve el cliente debe ser profesional. Por esto, es importante contar con un equipo calificado, al que se le hace retroalimentación día a día. 7. The promises made in the middle of the sale and attention must be respected. For this reason, do not promise things that you cannot fulfill; be realistic, it is preferable to be honest with the client and not be disappointed. 7. Las promesas que se realicen en medio de la venta y atención deben respetarse. Por esto, no prometas cosas que no puede cumplir; sé realista, es preferible ser sinceros con el cliente y no que se vaya defraudado. 8. You will always have one or another guest uncomfortable or annoying. Avoid responding with a bad temper or arguing at all costs; maintains a friendly and open to dialogue, also respecting the client's opinion. Keep in mind that discussion is not an option; Stay calm, see complaints and suggestions as an opportunity for improvement. 8. Siempre tendrás uno que otro comensal incómodo o molesto. Evita responder con mal genio o discutir a toda costa; conserva una postura amable y abierta al diálogo, respetando también la opinión del cliente. Ten en cuenta que la discusión no es una opción; mantente sereno, ve las quejas y sugerencias como una oportunidad de mejora. Remember that bad experiences today are not only punished by the client who suffers, but very likely can have a devastating multiplier effect for your business. Recuerda que las malas experiencias hoy en día no son solo castigadas por el cliente que las sufre, sino que muy probablemente pueden tener un efecto multiplicador devastador para tu negocio. Here we have a brief sample of a welcoming to a dinner at a restaurant 28

FIRST DIALOGUE A: Good evening, sir, and welcome to __ (RESTAURANT´S NAME) ___. _______________________________________________________________. B: We have a dinner reservation for four at 7:00 under the name of Foster. _______________________________________________________________. A: Yes, Mr. Foster, if you would please be seated over in the waiting area, our host will be with you in a moment. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. B: Thank you. Would it be OK if we have a cocktail while we are waiting? _______________________________________________________________. A: Of course, I will tell her. _______________________________________________________________. B: I would really prefer an outside table. Would that be possible? _______________________________________________________________. A: Sure, if you would like one of those tables, I could seat you right away. _______________________________________________________________. B: Sure, that would be great! Thank you! _______________________________________________________________. A: Here are your menus and the wine menu, and would you like to order your drinks now? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. B: Yes, I would like a vodka gimlet, please. _______________________________________________________________. A: Sure, no problem, sir. _______________________________________________________________. B: Thank you very much. _______________________________________________________________. SECOND DIALOGUE A: Welcome to our restaurant, __ (RESTAURANT´S NAME) ___.! _______________________________________________________________. B: Our reservation is under the name of Foster at 7:00 for four people. _______________________________________________________________. A: Yes, Mr. Foster, our hostess will be with you in just a moment. 29

_______________________________________________________________. B: We would like to begin with a cocktail while we are waiting. Would you tell the hostess to please come and let us know when our table is ready? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. A: I will let her know where you are. _______________________________________________________________. B: The patio tables look really nice. Could we be seated there, please? _______________________________________________________________. A: I could seat you right away at an outside table if you would like. _______________________________________________________________. B: Thanks! We'll sit out there then. We will just order our drinks out there. _______________________________________________________________. A: Can I start you off with some cocktails while you are looking over the menu? _______________________________________________________________. B: Yes, why don't you bring us a bottle of the house Chablis with four glasses to start with? _______________________________________________________________. A: I'll get on that right away! _______________________________________________________________. B: We appreciate your help. _______________________________________________________________. THIRD DIALOGUE A: Thank you for joining us this evening at __ (RESTAURANT´S NAME) ___.!. _______________________________________________________________. B: I am Mr. Foster, and we have a 7:00 dinner reservation tonight for four people. _______________________________________________________________. A: Welcome, Mr. Foster, if you would have a seat in the lounge area, our hostess will be ready to seat you in just a moment. ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. B: We are going to have a drink while we are waiting. Please let the hostess know that she can find us there. 30

___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. A: She will come and let you know when your table is prepared. _______________________________________________________________. B: Those patio tables are new, aren't they? Would it be possible to be seated out there? _______________________________________________________________. A: An outside table is available right now if you would like to be seated immediately. _______________________________________________________________. B: We would love to sit outside. Thanks for your help! _______________________________________________________________. A: Here is your table, and now may I take your drink order while you are considering what to have for dinner? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. B: Yes, could you please bring us a pitcher of margaritas and four glasses while we are figuring out our dinner order? ___________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________. A: I'll put your drink order in and be right back to get your dinner order. _______________________________________________________________. B: We'll be ready to order by the time you get back! _______________________________________________________________. Exercise:  Answer the diner´s questions: Good evening, We have a reservation for two. Host: ______________________________________________________________. Jackson, Charles Jackson and Laura Jackson, Host: ______________________________________________________________. Can we have a free smoking area please? 31

Host: ______________________________________________________________. Thank you, can I have a drink while We wait? Host: ______________________________________________________________. Thanks!!! Waiter: ______________________________________________________________. Can I have the menu please? Waiter: ______________________________________________________________. We would like to order a bottle of Red wine Merlot please. Waiter: ______________________________________________________________. She wants a Tomato Cream and a fillet of fish with mashed potatoes and Cesar salad please. Waiter: ______________________________________________________________. I want a steak and eggs, fried potatoes and the soup of the day. The steak rare cooked. Waiter: ______________________________________________________________. Thank you!!! 32

VOCABULARY  Match the names of the following food using lines: Hamburguesa 1. Butter Pollo asado 2. Yogurt Pincho 3. Bread Yogurt 4. Bacon Requeson 5. Roast chicken Pizza 6. Sandwich Crema 7. Margarine Huevos 8. Sausage Jamon 9. Steak Suero crema 10. Hot dog Sanduche 11. Fish Tocineta 12. Sea food Pescado 13. Kebab Mantequilla 14. Pizza Chorizo 15. Cottage cheese Pan 16. Cream Perro caliente 17. Ice cream Filete de carne 18. Hamburger Margarina 19. Sour cream Helado 20. Eggs Mariscos 21. Ham 33

VERB TO BE FORMS PRESENT AND PAST VERB TO BE USES VERB TO BE is used for expressing: Is she a Doctor? Is she at the hospital? Affirmative form [+] Is she Beautiful? Negative form [-] WHO= She is Maria She is not Maria She is not a Doctor WHAT= She is a Doctor She is not at the Hospital She is not Beautiful WHERE= She is at the Hospital HOW= She is Beautiful Interrogative Form [?] Is she Maria? SENTENCES IN PRESENT TENSE  The restaurant is very comfortable and it is near my office.  Is the restaurant open in the morning?  Yes, it is open from morning to evening.  This restaurant is also open on Sundays all day long.  Really? It´s great!!!  Is there a bar in the restaurant?  No, there is not a bar in the restaurant. SENTENCES IN PAST TENSE  The restaurant was very comfortable and it was near my office.  Was the restaurant open in the morning? 34

 Yes, it was open from morning to evening.  This restaurant was also open on Sundays all day long.  Really? It was great!!!  Was there a bar in the restaurant?  No, there was not a bar in the restaurant. Exercises Example: My teacher (be) is nice. Example: The cat (be, not) is not hungry. 1) James (be) ___________my little brother. He (be) _________nine years old. 2) Wait! We (be, not) _________ready to go. 3) Dianne (be) _________my favorite aunt. She is always cooking me chicken and dumplings. She (be) _________coming to visit soon. 4) I (be) _________sleepy. I think I will go to bed soon. 5) The bar (be) _________closed. It (be, not) _________open. 6) The the coffee machine (be) _________broken down. It needs to be repaired. 7) I (be) _________lonely. Jenny (be) _________lonely too. I think we should become friends! 8) Bob (be) _________good at basketball. He (be) _________tall, quick, and athletic. 9) The weather (be) _________cold today. I hope it gets warmer soon. 10) John and I (be) _________in the same English class. It (be) _________fun! The diner – El cliente  A table for two, please. Una mesa para dos por favor.  May we sit at this table? Podemos sentarnos en esta mesa?  The menu, please. El menú por favor.  What's on the menu? Que hay en el menú?  What's Irish Stew like? Como es el estofado de Irlandes?  We're not ready yet. No estamos listos todavía  The steak for me, please. El filete para mí por favor  Can you bring me the ketchup, please? Me puede traer la salsa de tomate por favor?  A salad, please. Una ensalada por favor  I'll have the same. Yo tendré lo mismo  That's all, thank you. Eso es todo gracias  Can I have the bill (AE: check), please? Puedo tener la cuenta por favor? 35

 This is on me. Esta va por mi cuenta  Here you are. Aquí tiene  The rest is for you. El resto es para usted  Do you have wine by the glass? Tiene vino por copas?  I'd prefer red wine. Yo preferiría vino tinto  Please bring us another beer. Por favor traiganos otra cerveza  Could I have French Fries instead of salad? Podria darme papas fritas a cambio de ensalada?  What can you recommend? Que me puede recomendar?  Please bring me the bill with my coffee. Por favor tráigame la cuenta con mi café.  I think you've made a mistake. Yo creo que ha hecho un error. 2. The waiter El mesero  Hi, I'm Ana, I'll be your server for tonight. Hola soy Ana, yo seré su servidora esta noche.  What can I do for you? Que puedo hacer por usted?  Can I help you? Puedo ayudarle?  Can I take your coat? Puedo tomar su abrigo?  Have you booked a table? Ha usted reservado su mesa?  How many are you? Cuantos son ustedes?  Would you follow me, please? Podria seguirme por favor?  Can I take your order, sir/madam? Puedo tomar su orden señor /señora?  What would you like to start with? Con que le gustaría comenzar?  What would you like to drink? Que le gustaria beber?  What would you like for dessert? Que le gustaría de postre?  How would you like your steak? como le gustaría su carne?  (rare, medium, well done) (Rojo, medio, bien cocido)  Do you want a salad with it? Quiere ensalada con esto?  What kind of dressing? Que tipo de aderezo?  Anything to drink? Algo para beber?  Do you want a dessert? Quiere un postre? 36

 The burgers are very good. Las hamburguesas son muy buenas  Sorry, the hamburgers are off. Lo siento las hamburguesas se agotaron  Is everything all right? Esta todo bien?  Did you enjoy your meal? Disfruto su alimento?  Are you paying together? Están ustedes pagando juntos?  May I show you to a table? Puedo mostrarle su mesa?  If you wait, there'll be a table for you free in a minute. Si usted espera, Habrá una mesa libre para usted en un minuto  Do you want vegetables with it? Quiere vegetales con eso?  Why don't you try the pizza? Por qué no prueba la pizza?  It'll take about 20 minutes. Eso tomara aproximadamente 20 minutos.  Thank you for coming Gracias por venir.  Welcome back to _______ restaurant Bienvenidos nuevamente al Restaurante__________ TIPS !!! 37

People love to share their time having dinner or lunch. That´s why service must be the best. 38

UNIT FOUR ENGLISH EXPRESSIONS THAT WAITERS, WAITRESSES, AND RESTAURANT STAFF USE When you go to a restaurant, you usually have a good idea of what's going to happen. That's because eating at a restaurant usually follows a set script. The wait staff isn't actually given a written script to memorize, of course. But even so, waiters and waitresses usually stick to a very narrow range of phrases. Here's what you can expect when you go to a restaurant. Cuando vas a un restaurante, por lo general tienes una buena idea de lo que va a pasar. Eso es porque comer en un restaurante usualmente sigue un guión establecido. Los camareros no reciben un guión escrito para memorizar, por supuesto. Pero aun así, los camareros y las camareras usualmente se limitan a un rango de frases muy estrecho. Esto es lo que puede esperar cuando va a un restaurante. The host or hostess When you first go in, the host or hostess will want to know how many people are eating with you. They might ask: El anfitrión o la anfitriona Una vez que usted ingrese, el anfitrión o la anfitriona querrán saber cuántas personas comen con usted. Podrían preguntar:  How many? Or, in a fancier restaurant:  How many are in your party? If they can see how many people walked in together, they might simply ask:  Two? Some popular restaurants expect you to have a reservation before you come. In that case, the hostess might ask:  Do you have a reservation? 39

If the place is really busy, you might have to wait. They'll say:  It's going to be about a 15-minute wait. If you decide to wait, they'll write your name on a list:  Can I get your name? And then, when it's your turn to sit:  Mr. Knight, your table is ready. The host or hostess will take you to your table with one of these phrases:  Right this way.  Follow me, please. If it's a nice restaurant, they may ask:  Would you like me to take your jackets for you? And then they say goodbye:  Jacob will be your server tonight.  Enjoy your meal. The waiter or waitress The waiter will usually start off by introducing him- or herself:  Welcome to D'Angelo's. My name is Rebecca. Depending on the atmosphere of the restaurant, they may try to make some small talk:  How are you doing this evening? If the restaurant has daily specials, the server will tell you about them:  Let me tell you about our specials today. We have a miso-glazed Chilean Sea Bass with a side of mashed sweet potatoes and sauteed spinach. Then you're expected to order drinks:  Can I get you something to drink? If you're not sure, the server will offer to come back again in a few minutes:  Do you need a little time to decide? They'll go around the table to each person, using phrases like these: 40

 And for you sir?  And for you miss?  What can I get for you? Then they'll leave:  I'll be right back with your drinks. When the waiter or waitress returns, he or she will ask you to order your food:  Are you ready to order? If the dish you order has a choice of side dishes, they'll offer to let you choose:  That comes with either fries or a baked potato. Which would you prefer?  Would you like fries with that, or a baked potato? If you ask for something, the server will say:  Sure. Or at a fancier restaurant:  Certainly. But if you ask for something that's not available, you'll hear:  Oh, I'm sorry. We're all out of the salmon. When the waiter or waitress brings you your food, they'll probably ask:  Can I get you anything else? After you're finished eating everything, someone will come to collect your dishes:  Would you like me to take that? Then the server will come out to ask about your meal and offer dessert:  How was everything?  Can I interest you in our dessert menu? When you're finished with your meal, they'll offer to bring you the check:  I'll bring the check right out. And sometimes there are questions about the check:  Would you like me to split it?  Do you need any change? 41

LEARN HOW TO USE THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE PRESENT CONTINUOUS Present continuous or progressive is formed with the present of the auxiliary 'to be' and the gerund of the verb that you want to conjugate: I am You are playing Yo estoy jugando He is playing Tú estás jugando We are playing Él está jugando You are playing Nosotros estamos jugando playing Vosotros estáis jugando playing Ellos están jugando They are a.) the negative form adds the particle 'not' to the auxiliary: I am not playing Yo no estoy jugando You are not playing Tú no estás jugando He is not playing Él no está jugando We are not playing Nosotros no estamos jugando You are not playing Vosotros no estáis jugando They are not playing Ellos no están jugando b.) The interrogative form switches the subject and the auxiliary: Am I playing? ¿Estoy yo jugando? Are you playing? ¿Estás tú jugando? Is he playing? ¿Está él jugando? Are we playing? ¿Estamos nosotros jugando? Are you playing? ¿Estáis vosotros jugando? Are they playing? ¿Están ellos jugando? Affirmative form I + am + play+ing + soccer Interrogative form Am + I + play+ing + soccer ? Negative form I + am +not + play+ing + soccer 42

The present continuous tense, also known as the present progressive, is one of the most commonly used verb tenses in English. It is one that English learners frequently confuse with a similar tense, the present simple. El presente continuo, también conocido como presente progresivo, es uno de los tiempos verbales más utilizados en inglés. Es uno que los estudiantes de inglés frecuentemente confunden con un tiempo similar, el presente simple. Present Continuous vs. Present Simple The present continuous tense expresses something that is happening at the moment of speaking. It is frequently used in conjunction with time expressions such as \"right now\" or \"today\" to indicate that an action is occurring at that moment. For instance: El tiempo presente continuo expresa algo que está sucediendo en el momento de hablar. Con frecuencia se usa junto con expresiones de tiempo como \"ahora mismo\" u \"hoy\" para indicar que se está produciendo una acción en ese momento. Por ejemplo:  What are you doing at the moment? ¿Qué estás haciendo en este momento?  She's reading in the garden now. Ella está leyendo en el jardín ahora.  They're not standing in the rain. No están de pie bajo la lluvia.  They're waiting in the garage. Ellos están esperando en el garaje. In contrast, everyday habits and routines are expressed using the present simple tense. It's common to use the present simple with adverbs of frequency such as \"usually\" or \"sometimes.\" For example: En contraste, los hábitos y rutinas cotidianos se expresan utilizando el tiempo presente simple. Es común usar el presente simple con adverbios de frecuencia como \"generalmente\" o \"a veces\". Por ejemplo:  I usually drive to work. Usualmente conduzco al trabajo  Alice doesn't have to get up early on Saturdays. Alice no tiene que levantarse temprano los sabados.  The boys play soccer on Friday evenings. Los muchachos juegan futbol los Viernes en la noche. The present continuous is used only with action verbs. Actions verbs express things that we do. The present continuous is not used with stative verbs that express a feeling, belief, or state of being, such as \"hope\" or \"want.\" El presente continuo se usa solo con verbos de acción. Acciones verbales expresan cosas que hacemos. El presente continuo no se usa con verbos estativos que expresan un sentimiento, creencia o estado de ser, como \"esperanza\" o \"deseo\".  Correct: I hope to see him today. Espero verlo hoy.  Incorrect: I am hoping to be seeing him today. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx  Correct: I want some ice cream right now. Quiero un poco de helado en este momento.  Incorrect: I am wanting some ice cream right now. xxxxxxxxxxxxxxx 43

Using the Present Continuous In addition to expressing actions that are currently taking place, the present continuous can also express actions that are happening at or around the present moment in time. For example: Además de expresar las acciones que se están llevando a cabo actualmente, el presente continuo también puede expresar las acciones que están sucediendo en el momento presente o alrededor del mismo. Por ejemplo:  What are you doing tomorrow afternoon?  She isn't coming on Friday.  We're working on the Smith account at the moment. This tense is also used for future plans and arrangements, especially in business. Este tiempo también se usa para planes y arreglos futuros, especialmente en negocios.  Where are you staying in New York? ¿Dónde te alojas en Nueva York?  She isn't coming to the presentation on Friday. Ella no vendrá a la presentación el viernes.  I'm flying to Tokyo next week. Estaré volando a Tokio la próxima semana. Sentence Structure The present continuous tense can be used with positive, negative, and question sentences. For positive sentences, conjugate the helping verb \"be\" and add \"ing\" to the verb's end. For example:  I'm (I am) working today.  You're (You are) studying English at the moment.  He's (He is) working on the report today.  She's (She is) planning a vacation in Hawaii.  It's (It is) raining right now.  We're (We are) playing golf this afternoon.  You're (You are) not paying attention, are you?  They're (They are) waiting for the train. For negative sentences, conjugate the helping verb \"be,\" then add \"not\" plus \"ing\" to the verb's end.  I'm not (I am not) thinking about my vacation right now.  You aren't (You are not) sleeping at the moment.  He isn't (He is not) watching the TV.  She isn't (She is not) doing her homework today.  It isn't (It is not) snowing today.  We aren't (We are not) staying in New York.  You aren't (You are not) playing chess at the moment.  They aren't (They are not) working this week. For sentences that ask a question, conjugate \"be,\" followed by subject and a verb ending in \"ing.\"  What am I thinking?  What are you doing?  Where is he sitting? 44

 When is she coming?  How is it doing?  When are we leaving?  What are you eating for lunch?  What are they doing this afternoon? Present Continuous Passive The present continuous can also be used in the passive voice. Remember that the passive voice conjugates the verb \"to be.\" To construct, a passive sentence, use the passive subject plus the verb \"be\" plus \"ing\" and the past participle. For instance:  Cars are being made in this factory at the moment.  English is being taught by the teacher now.  Steak is being eaten by the people at table 12. 45

UNIT FIVE How to set the table We are always on the hunt for the makings of a chic setting. However, all the accessories in the world are useless if you do not know how to set a table. In addition, it can often be more complicated than it looks. To help clarify, we have distilled this dizzying array of flatware, wineglasses, and plates of every size into the essentials for every type of place setting, from formal occasions to casual dinners. Time to break out the china and prepare for your next dinner party. Once you know where everything goes, you can add your own creativity by mixing and matching plates, using colorful glassware, or adding elaborately folded napkins. Siempre estamos en la búsqueda de los elementos de un ambiente elegante. Pero todos los accesorios del mundo son inútiles si no sabes cómo poner una mesa. Y a menudo puede ser más complicado de lo que parece. Para ayudar a aclarar, hemos destilado esta vertiginosa gama de cubiertos, copas y platos de todos los tamaños en lo esencial para cada tipo de configuración de lugar, desde ocasiones formales hasta cenas informales. Es hora de romper la vajilla y prepararse para su próxima cena. Una vez que sepa dónde va todo, puede agregar su propia creatividad mezclando y combinando platos, utilizando vajilla de vidrio de colores o agregando servilletas dobladas de manera elaborada. 46

How to Set a Table for an Everyday Dinner Cómo Poner Una Mesa Para Una Cena Diaria 1. Lay out a place mat, if you're using one. 2. Place the dinner plate in the center of the table setting. 3. The fork is placed to the left of the plate. 4. Place the knife to the right of the dinner plate and then set the spoon to the right of the knife. 5. Set the water glass in the top right corner, above the knife. 6. The napkin can be placed on top of the dinner plate or beneath the fork. 1. Coloque una estera, si está utilizando uno. 2. Coloque el plato en el centro de la mesa. 3. El tenedor se coloca a la izquierda de la placa. 4. Coloque el cuchillo a la derecha del plato y luego coloque la cuchara a la derecha del cuchillo. 5. Coloque el vaso de agua en la esquina superior derecha, sobre el cuchillo. 6. La servilleta se puede colocar encima del plato o debajo del tenedor. How to Set a Table for a Casual Meal Cómo Poner Una Mesa Para Una Comida Informal 1. Start by laying out a place mat. 2. Set the dinner plate in the center of the table setting. If you’re serving salad, set the salad plate atop the dinner plate. 3. Place the fork to the left of the dinner plate. If you’re serving salad, set the salad fork to the left of the dinner fork. 4. Place the knife to the right of the dinner plate and then set the spoon to the right of the knife. 5. Set the water glass in the top right corner, above the knife. 6. Place the wineglass (either a red or a white wineglass, depending on what you’re serving) to the right of the water glass. 7. The napkin can be placed on the plates or underneath the fork. 1. Comience por colocar un mantel. 2. Coloque el plato en el centro de la mesa. Si estás sirviendo ensalada, coloca el plato de ensalada encima del plato de la cena. 3. Coloque el tenedor a la izquierda del plato. Si está sirviendo ensalada, coloque el tenedor para ensaladas a la izquierda del tenedor para la cena. 4. Coloque el cuchillo a la derecha del plato y luego coloque la cuchara a la derecha del cuchillo. 5. Coloque el vaso de agua en la esquina superior derecha, sobre el cuchillo. 6. Coloque la copa de vino (ya sea una copa de vino roja o blanca, dependiendo de lo que esté sirviendo) a la derecha del vaso de agua. 7. La servilleta se puede colocar en los platos o debajo del tenedor. 47

How to Set a Table for Formal Events Cómo Establecer Una Mesa Para Eventos Formales 1. Begin by laying out a crisp tablecloth. Then place the dinner plate in the middle of the setting. (For a more traditional table setting, place a charger plate beneath the dinner plate.) 2. Next, add the salad plate on top of the dinner plate. 3. The bread plate should be placed above and to the left of the dinner and salad plate. The butter knife can be placed horizontally on the bread plate. 4. The dinner fork goes to the left of the dinner plate and the salad fork goes to the left of the dinner fork. 5. Place the knife to the right of the dinner plate and then set the spoon to the right of the knife. 6. The dessert spoon should be placed horizontally above the dinner plate. 7. Water and white and red wineglasses go in the upper right corner or the place setting. The water glass should be closest to the guest (since hopefully they drink more water than wine), and the red wineglass goes just behind the white wineglass. 8. Fold the napkin (or use a chic napkin ring) and place it on top of the salad plate. 9. Add a place card above the dessert spoon. Write the guest's name on both sides so they can find their seat and the guests on the other side of the table will know who they are talki ng to. 10. The coffee cup and saucer can be set below the glasses with the dessert course. 1. Comience por poner un mantel fresco. A continuación, coloque el plato de la cena en el centro de la configuración. (Para una configuración de mesa más tradicional, coloque una placa de carga debajo de la placa de la cena.) 2. Luego, agregue el plato de ensalada encima del plato de la cena. 3. El plato de pan debe colocarse encima ya la izquierda de la cena y el plato de ensalada. El cuchillo de mantequilla se puede colocar horizontalmente en el plato de pan. 4. El tenedor de la cena va a la izquierda del plato de la cena y el tenedor de la ensalada va a la izquierda del tenedor de la cena. 5. Coloque el cuchillo a la derecha del plato y luego coloque la cuchara a la derecha del cuchillo. 6. La cuchara de postre debe colocarse horizontalmente sobre el plato de la cena. 7. El agua y las copas blancas y rojas van en la esquina superior derecha o en la configuración del lugar. El vaso de agua debe estar más cerca del huésped (ya que se espera que beban más agua que vino), y la copa de vino roja va justo detrás de la copa de vino blanca. 8. Doble la servilleta (o use un anillo de servilleta elegante) y colóquela sobre el plato de ensalada. 48

9. Agregue una tarjeta de lugar encima de la cuchara de postre. Escriba el nombre del invitado en ambos lados para que puedan encontrar su asiento y los invitados del otro lado de la mesa sabrán con quién están hablando. 10. La taza de café y el platillo se pueden colocar debajo de los vasos con el plato de postre. The Importance of Knowing Proper Vocabulary La importancia de conocer el vocabulario apropiado Working in the food service industry often offers young workers their first exposure to the idea of corporate speak and jargon used in the workplace to make communication uniform across the full market, from larger companies like the restaurants in the USA to locally owned diners in rural America. Trabajar en la industria del servicio de comida menudo ofrece a los jóvenes trabajadores su primera exposición a la idea del hablado corporativo y jerga usada en el puesto de trabajo para hacer una comunicación uniforme a través de todo el mercado, desde grandes compañías como son los restaurantes en los Estados Unidos como son los de propietarios de comedores en el área rural de América. For this reason, it's important that employees understand the basic difference between common phrases in the industry as well as how to properly refer to stages of preparation, tools for handling food, economic concerns of the business, and day to day operational tasks like training and hours. Por esta razón, es importante que los empleados comprendan la diferencia básica entre frases comunes en la industria también como referirse apropiadamente a los estados de preparación, herramientas y manejo de los alimentos, lo relacionado a la economía del negocio y las actividades operacionales día a día como entrenamientos y horas. 49

VOCABULARY - VOCABULARIO SPOON FORK KNIFE TEA SPOON CUCHARA TENEDOR CUCHILLO CUCHARA TÉ 50