E-Book Intermediate

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ENTERTAINMENT AND TELEVISION a quiz show 3 Match the sentence halves. an advert a reality show a chat show a sitcom A a cookery Programme a soap oPera a documentary a sPorts Programme 1 Jason was furious a (drama) series a tatent show 2 lt's cold out here. I'm a game snow travel news 3 The film was superb and the acting a murder mystery the weather forecast 4 Take a coat and hat.The weather a nature Programme 5 We're absolutety a Phone-ln 6 Hotty used to be terrified 7 The show was hilarious EXTREME ADJECTIVES freezing 8 lt's ridiculous that astonished furious 9 Do you mind if I take off my jacket? lt's boiling hilarious detighted ridiculous '10 They were exhausted excettent terribte exhausted terrified B fantastic [ooks terrible. OTHER a musical D and he couldn't stop laughing. the acting an oPera a batlet an orchestra absoIutely freezing! the camera work the photography u of spiders. the cast to ptay a rote e boiling in here. a character the plot a classica[/rock concert a pop video f after the tong ftight from Sydney. a comedy show a costume the set g was fantastic! a gig the speciaI effects h when someone damaged his car. the lighting i detighted by the news. the lyrics J the bank isn't open on Saturdays. =1=j.fi 3: Using English outside the classroom 1 Here are some things you can do to improve your Engtish lmsiisE outside the classroom. Tick any of these things you've 1 Underline the odd one out in each group of words. done. Did you find them useful? Can you explain your answers? 1 Find an English song that you [ike and write down 1 a murder mystery / a sitcom / a soap opera / travel news 2 a ballet/a character/ a classicaI concert/ a musical phrases that you understand. Find the words online n 3 a phone-in / a realityshow/ a drama series / a talent n and check how we[ you understood it. Snow 2 Watch an Engtish-language TV channel for a few 4 the cast / the costumes / the tighting / the special effects 5 an advert / a documentary / sports coverage / travel news minutes every day. 6 a musical / a comedy show / a pop video / an opera 3 Listen to English-language radio programmes 2 Cover the word list. Write extreme adjectives which are similar in meaning to the definitions. Can you remember that interest you. n any others to add to the [ist? 4 Find an article that interests you on an English 1 very good 2 very bad newspaper website. tr 3 very happy 4 very angry 5 Choose a graded reader (e.g. the Penguin Reader n 5 very silty n 6 very funny series) and start reading for pleasure in Engtish. 7 very cold B very hot 6 Watch a subtitted version of an Engtish tanguage fitm. Try to listen rather than read the subtittes. 2 Hightight two activities you would like to try - but remember to choose things that would interest you in your own language!

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will andslrall (for instant responses) 3 Read the situations below and cross out the phrase which is lf we make a decision at the moment of speaking, we use wil/. not correct in that situation. ! suddenly !*e:[ a hit ti:*ti \".. ! rhink !'€{. stay ist ttinight.. This use of will is often contrasted with going to (used if you've 1 You see an old woman carrying heavy bags. already decided). Compare the foltowing pairs of sentences. a Here, l'tt hetp you with those. b Shatt I help you with those? A: il* y::u war:t t* p!a.1t srit.t+sft !*{r}affaw s*t\"*e tim*? c Witt I hetp you with those? B: S;:rr-V, i €ari't * w*\"{* g*irzg t* pxint the !i';i*g r+s*m 2 lt's your dream to visit Hawaii.You've just received a letter {his .;s*tk*:'t:i. (= they've already decided do this) te[[ing you that you've won several thousand do[[ars. A; D+ 3r*t; wa{:t tt i}* end i:av* * quisk ccfft*l a l'm going to visit Hawaii. B: 5*i:d i.Js* .\". i'tt fi*is* tii: J,lfsr. b Shatt we visit Hawaii? c I think l'[[ visit Hawaii. (= speaker decides at that moment) 3 You are just leaving your friend's house. He's feeting itt. a Am I going to ca[[ you tomorrow? REMEMBER! b Shatt I ca[[ you tomorrow? c l'[[ catl you tomorrow. For instant decisions and responses, we atways use the contracted form 'il and not the futl form wr71. 4 You are talking to your best friend on the phone. She's ftying . Very oftenthese decisions are offers or promises. home to London tomorrow. a Sha[[ | meet you at the airport? i,3r.:n't ;,s*rr.y - !'lE 1iv* y*i: a lift. b l'm meetingyou at the airport. . lf ii's st*ry, l'68 it*ii -y*;sr !:arsd. c l'[ meet you at the airport. You can also use Shall I ...? for offers. 4 Choose the best answers. t?:at7Ettat{ I help v*;-: with *t, ?iienks. 'l A: lt's absolutely freezing in herel B: I'llclose I I'mgoingtoclosethe window. Sfeal| I *i!.y** leie;'? N::, d*r;'i w*rry. I'il be fir;*. 2 A: When is the next ftight? . Shallwe? is used to make suggestions. B: Just a minute, I'mgoingtocheck / I'llcheck on Efza€l-we i;av* x vai*7 the website. . These are the most common uses of shal/ in modern Engtish 3 A: Have you got any plans for tonight? pffi.&#Y'$trffi tr B: Yes, I'll have I I'm going to haye dinner with a f riend. ffi 4 A: I don't want to leave my laptop here. 1 Match the sentence halves. B: lt's OK. I'lllookafter / I'mgoingtolookafterit. 5 A: I can't understand these instructions. A Bi l'mgoingtohelp /l'llhelp if you tike -1 l'[[ carry your books 6 A: Are you looking forward to your hotidays? 2 -l'tt try again later -3 l'm going to get fit this summer B: I can't wait! /'Ilslf I I'mgoingtoslf on the beach and 4 -l'tt do the washing-up 5 -l'tt take the red oair of shoes do nothing. 6 -l'm going to cook this evening 7 A: lt's raining really hard. B B: I'll lend you / I'm going to lend you an umbrella. a l've signed up for a course at the gym. 8 A: What is your NewYear's resolution? b I don't like the black ones so much. c they lookvery heavy. B: I'll lose / I'm going to lose weight. d I bought a[[ the ingredients this morning. e his phone's off at the moment. f you cooked so it's only fair. 2 Write the sentences from exercise 1 in the correct group below. '1 Decisions made at the moment of speaking 2 Decisions made before the moment of speaking

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Defining relative clauses ffi PRAETIfiH T Defining relative clauses give us information about things, people, 1 Choose the correct answers. possessions, ptaces and times using a relative pronoun. 1 A necklace is a piece of jewettery who / which / where 1 Things (that,which or -l you wear around your neck. lt's a *iarh!n* 'xlti** c*nverts in.f*rrn*ti*r. * cejei;ialor,: * iittie nzachitr* t*a* d*es arir.hynetir. 2 A cyclist is someone who / which / whose rides a bicycle. 3 A hetmet is a hard hatwho / whose I that orotects REMEMBER! What is not possible here. your head. itr rei:ulatar ls * nar:hin* tlectlwfui<tz **,h+e d**s *riflrm*if* 4 A dry cleaner's is a shop that / where / when you can take 2 People (who,thator-) clothes to be dry-cteaned. A te:h*t:ph*be:s * S*rsr:* wll* d*sm'i use t-eihfi*logg. A :tcy,/-cr*;d*rJs r *ra-s*i? t-kaf reeds i*e n*'\"vs. 5 An air traffic controller is someone whose / who / that * job is to control the movement of planes in and out of The pronoun that is [ess common than who here. an airDort. REMEMBER! 6 A manager is someone whose / which /who is in charge of . We can leave out which, who and that if they are the object of the a business or part of a business. A festival is a time which / that / when there are retative clause. performances of many films, plays and pieces of music. An Oscar is a prize who / that / whose is given each year in There ar* pe*:;l* {wh*!*fuat} y*u :atr ph*r;* !! y*u hav* the USA for the best film, best actor, etc. e pr*5fe,r. A court is a place where / which I fhat tegatjudgements fr Jou*s *re ttz i n g s {w tt klr I t ls ati va u we a r i n raid ar**r*er are made. Notice that in sections 1 and 2 above, which,who and fhaf are the 10 A courageous person is someone which / whose I fhat is not . subject of the relative clause, so they cannot be left out. With the Dassive we can sometimes miss out the relative clause. afraid when they are in a frightening situation. 4 s:::o*ri'ijs i: * dri;:!< w*ir,{z is m*#e f,-**: riiffer*nt tyr=es *i !r*it. .& srn**tllie is a dririk made ir*m iifi*r**t iypcs af !ru!t. 11 A nanny is a person who / which / whose job it is to take 3 Possessions (whose) care of a famity's children. #e s a pers*n i,:&*sc lrf,e is d*n!n*!cd bv csiripirl€rs. (= his tife) A* *rpi:ar,s e cjriid lg&ose p*re*fs 6ar'e di*d. (= his/her parents) 12 A disease is an illness where lwho lwhich affects a Derson. 4 Places (where,whichlthat + preposition) animal or plant. We can refer to places in the fotlowing ways. 2 Complete the sentences with the correct relative pronoun i*rs s i,tF ft*.is* ae*erg ! grew *p. i*is 15 the r,.r#se {wtziehltha*i i Er*r,a up in\" where necessary. Notice that if we have a preposition at the end of the senrence, the retative Dronoun can be omitted. 1 That's the man _ | told you about. 5 Times (when) 2 | tike fitms _ make me laugh. Th* ev**ing's a iinie vlkex vo;* c*n ai! rela,v. Set;rday's th* d*y vnfe*n ! ti:l3t ttt* !i*t. 3 _Let's go to the Chinese restaurant your brother arrives. 4 The woman _ [ives next door has gone into hospital. 5 That's the house _ | was born. 6 Didyou enjoythe book_ I lentyou? 7 That's the woman _ husband had a motorcycle accident. B A parking meter is a machine _ you put money into when you park your car. 9 | love buying clothes _ are in the sa[e. 10 Sunday's the day _ we usua[ly retax. 11 The man _ lives next door makes a lot of noise. 12 She works for the company _ | used to work for. Join the two sentences together using a relative ctause. Omit any unnecessary words. '1 My brother married a woman. She's a lot older than him. 2 She showed me the ring. Her boyfriend gave her it. 3 That's the couple. | look after their children. 4 l've lost the money.You lent it to me. 5 I've got a cousin. She lives in South Africa. 6 That's the book. Everyone is talking about it.

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*{OW 6AD6ETSWOR,K Use a monolingual dictionary a cooker / an electric cooker o^ uf,ri-Si*r-Ll or L-^o*r^il-r^rd an MP3 player 1 Tick the statement(s) that describe how you use a dishwasher a DVD player a PhotocoPier monotinguaI dictionaries. : oame< rnncnlo a tabtet computer a touch screen phone 1 | don't use mono[ingual dictionaries - | don't think I a taPtoP a vacuum cteaner I would understand them very wet[. 2 | try to use a monotingual dictionary to f ind the meaning of new words, atthough sometimes I find VER.85 FOR PESER.IBIh.I6 I.{OW CAD6FTSWORK it difficutt to understand the explanations. n it doesn't work to reinstall software 3 | use a monolingual dictionary to find: to break down to restart . the meaning(s) of words. n to crash to scroll down a menu . used.examDles of how words are n to freeze to switch something of{ . Dronunciation of words. n . word stress. to hold down a button to switch something on the ! the to Pause to touch an icon . whether a word is a noun, verb, adjective or adverb. tr to unplug +n nracc r hilff^n to recharge a battery . the opposites of words. ! . irregular past forms. . the prepositions that come after words. ! ! DESeRtElN6 EVERVDAY OS.'ECTS . whether new words are countable/uncountable. n ptastic a battery rectangular 2 Look at the entry from a monolingual dictionary. fabric rouno it's got ruDDer Which information from exercise 1 part 3 can you find? it's made of (metat) square pu rrh*s*:r /'ps:tJas $ 'ps:r-l z, fT]formal Lo buy it's used for + ng something: YotL, can yturcLr,ose i,nsurartce onLine.1 the grou.;ing demartd to purcLtose goods on credit 1 OT'f\"'ER a CPS navigator Where did'Aou purcflclse tLLe c(ff? I [+llrom] Ti,c:kets a bodyguard a launderette m,o,g tte pztrctrnsed i,n aduance Jrorn the bor office. a boiler a PersonaI trainer TIIESAIIRUS buy. a cleaner - ^1,.*L^- a comPasS 3 The words in botd att appear in the reading text on a decorator a stationer's a dry cleaner's a torch page 87. How many questions can you answer using a freezer wer wrPeS a monotingual dictionary? K ry***trcq 1 Which syttabte is stressed in the word /abel? 1 Match the verbs with the nouns. 2 What is the Dronunciation of the word extreme? 3 ls reward a countable noun or an uncountable noun? A B 4 ls the word deserye a verb, noun or adjective? 1 recharge a the button 5 What is the opposite of the word satisfactory? 2 scroll down b the software 6 ls the verb seek regutar or irregular? 3 press c the icon 7 Which preposition follows the verb blame? 4 reinstal[ d the menu 5 touch e the battery 2 Circle the odd one out in each group of words. 1 acleaner alaunderette a dry cleaner's a personaI tralner 2 abodyguard afreezer a plumber a CPS navigator 3 aboiler acooKer a decorator a tablet computer 4 acompass atorch ptastic to switch on 5 a photocopier a vacuum cleaner rectangutar a dishwasher 6 ataptop adishwasher 7 a battery rubber 8 to crash to break down 9 round fabric 10 a digital camera a freezer

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fHypothetical possibilities with fr PR.ACTfrCE E 1 Hypotheticat (imaginary) possibitities 1 Choose the correct answers. . lf we are talking about an imaginary/hypothetical situation, we 1 What you would do / did you do / would you do if a friend use wouldlwouldn't + verb. Notice the contracted f orm l'd. asked to borrow f500? I'd *evtr lie tc m.y fri*nds\" 2 l'd pretendtobe / 'd pretendedtobe / waspretendedtobe . ! wtsuldn't like to be farnc'us. sick if I wanted to take a day off work. lf we talk about a hypothetical situation or condition, we use r/ + Past simple or Past continuous. This type of sentence is 3 Tom would be very disappointed if he would lose / Iost / often referred to as the'second conditional'. If t fe * * d a wa L!*t i n t,4c sfreef, I' d take i t ta th e p * Ii ce. wiIIlose the match. l'd ga for a w*lk lf I wasn'tfeeling s* tired\" 4 | didn't never give I wouldn't never give | 'd never give a lift REMEMBER! to a comptete stranger. . flt is not correct to use would in the clause. 5 lf Nikot were better organised, her desk 'd be / weren't / tf I had en*uEh ri'tsney, I'd g* abraari an n*tiday. NOT if I w*gfd *ave enaugit tlisney .\". might notbe so untidy. . In r/sentences, we can use were instead of was. This is especialty 6 lt wou[d be terrible if Marcospassed / didn'tpass / common in the phrase lf I were you ... , used to give advice. wouldn't pass his exams. lf lwere yau, iwsuldn'ttrust, him. 7 lf | 'd had | 'd have I had more time, I'd go for long walks . We can change the order of the sentence. in the country. lw6.rtdn'ttr€;st him if f were y*u. 8 lf I asked Dennis for monev, I think he lent / will lend / . lnstead of would, we can also use might or could. would lend it to me. tfyau did*'ttalk s* murh, peeple miEht listefi t* y** m*{e. t rau[d heip y*u if ! had mare tirne. 9 l'd be furious if I think / thought / 'dthink Kim was tying 2 ReaI and hypotheticaI possibilities to me. To talk about a real possibility in the future, we use will. 1Q lf I wereyou | 'd beyou | 'myou,l'd tett Sofia as soon t'Il be w*rried if Lte daes*'t ph*ne m*. This type of sentence is often referred to as the'first conditional'. as oossible. fFor more on future sentences with and when,see Unit 5 Study 2. 2 Complete the hypothetical sentences using the words in Sometimes the difference between a real and an imaginary brackets. possibitity is very clear. l'tf be very disapp*inted if we f*se. (= a reat possibitity) 1 | (avoid) paying tax if | (can) !'d b* absalutety terrified if ! saw a ghast\" (= an imaginary !wauld av*id payinE taxes if \".. situation) 2 | (never drop) titter in the street. Sometimes. whether we use the first or the second conditional 3 lf a shop assistant (give) me too much change, | (tett) him. depends on how we see the situation. a lf | (find) S10O in thestreet, | (nottake) ittothe police. Compare the following sentences. 5 | (never drink) and drive. 6 lf everyone (have) good manners, tife (be) much easier. lf I lzave enough tine, I'll helpyo*. (= it is possibte l'[[ have time) 7 | (not like) to be a celebrity. tf i had *naugtz tf me, i'd lze€p yov. (= | don't have time) 3 Match the sentence halves. B A a if I can. b l'd te[[ you. 'l l'd hetp you c if I could. 2 | wouldn't hetp you d if you don't want me to. 3 lf I knew the answer, e even if you asked me. 4 lf I find out the answer, f l'tt tett you. 5 l'tt hetp you 6 | won't do anything Look at the sentences about real and hypothetical possibilities. Complete them with the words in the box. could had might were witl would 1 lf | _ enough money, l'd go on hotiday. 2 He _ ca[[ you after lunch, I promise! 3 lf I _ you, I wouldn't trust him. 4 lt _ be great if I could speak Chinese ftuentty. 5 You _ not enjoy that fitm; it's really scary in places. 6 We _ get a takeaway pizza if you are too tired to cook.

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Obligation and permission in the present . We use don'thaveto and haven'tgatto + verb to talk about You something that is not ne.essary. Peaple dax'tfuavetav*te if they da:t'twantta. You We haven'tgatto be there ti!! ten. ,.,i 2 Talking about what is permitted / not permitted i . We use can and be allowed to + verb to tatk about things we You are Dermitted to do. Y*u can park k*re after 6.3$ p.m. 're not allowed . My brather's al{\"owed t* berraw my fat,ter,s ear. You don't have ro go. haven't got We use mustn't, not allowed to and can,t + verb to talk about j things which we are not permitted to do (= prohibited). Members af the aL;drefic* rr$st nattak* photagraphs r!uring ttte Can perfarmanre\" (= wriften notice) You\"re nat allawed t* / ean't fake p&ofos du rin* the :\"\" \" \" \": 5noulo : pe rfa rma nce \" (= 5poken) .'..........:....... 3 Talking about what islisn't a good iclea / the correct thing lallowedii A^-m | -ff^--,-: i i \"\" .'\"\"\"\" . We use should to say something is a good idea, or that it is : correct/right. \"\".........: i haveDo I i to go? Yau sh*utd try thls ice rrearn * it's defielcus\" :\"\" ............ .....................: i Have I got fhose books are in the wrong plar*; f,tey slrou ld be in the fictiafi sectilfi. Should is weaker than have to or must.lt is often used to give advice or make suggestions. . Oughtto has the same meaning as should.lt is not usuatty used in the guestion or negative forms, where should is more common. You eughtt* be more carefu!. ; 1 Tatking about what is necessary / not necessary $,rynaefrcr i We use must, have to and have gotto + verb to talk about 1 Match the sentence halves. B something that is necessary or important. 'vlle nrr:st &e *f th* airpart by seven. A a if you don't want to. b if you want to. #e has fo fa*e meriieine every day iar hls asthma\" 1 You can do it c because it's compulsory. 2 You've got to do it d because it's forbidden. i've g*tt* {ind a teleph*ne * it's urgent! 3 You don't have to do it 4 You're not allowed to do it The meaning of atl three is very similar, but: 2 Replace the phrase in bnld with an appropriate modal verb - must often shows that the obtigation comes from the or phrase. person speaking. y*u shaukl \\Ne *zas* be mare car*ful. (= l, the speakel say it,s important) lf you go climhing in the mnrrntains i*j+Ses**e take a map. - have to and have gof to show that the obtigation comes from 1 Memhers nf rhe orrhlir are permifted tn visit the castfe another person, not the speaker. lt is a fact that this at weekends. is necessary. 2 lt's a gnod idea to rherk fhe train times before Vou travet. 3 ls it necessary for me to fitt in both forms? All yaung men in this cauntry have ta ds military service. 4 lt is forbidden to smoke in here. (= the government says) 5 ls it permitted for you to learn to drive when you J*k*k g*i fo d* &js exams. (= his teacher says) ate 17? - there are differences of formality. Musf is often written down; 6 At my 5rftnol it is cnmDulsory to wear a uniform. 7 lt is not compulsory to wear your seat belt att the time for example, on public notices. when you are flying, hrrt if is the hest thing. All visitars m$s*, lspc.{t to recspt!ai,, \" 8 We are permitted fo go home early on Friday afternoon. 9 lt isn't necessary for us to buy a ticket in advance. - have to and have gof fo are more common in sDeech. - must is rarely used in question forms - Do t have to? is more common. Ff*s*J r tro i &eye *o s:+n ft*r*l

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LINKINGWORDS for that reason 2 ls the meaning of the pairs of words similar or opposite? atso however atthough therefore Write S or O. as a resutt what's more besides t harsh / lenient despite this 2 to cause damage / to destroy 3 to get caught / to be arrested CRIME AND PUNISHMENT community service 4 to fight / to surrender to be arrested the death penalty 5 to be ittegat / to be banned to be/get caught a defendant 6 to go to prison / to be released fo hc nr rni<hcd to go to prison / a prisoner hanging 7 to commit a crime / to sotve a crime to be released a judge to be sent to prison 3 Change the words below into nouns for peopte. to be sentenced Use a dictionary to hetp you. cRrME AND PUNTSHMENT TWORD FAMTLTES) to burgle / a burglary / a burglar amuroer,::....:..::.: to commit a criine / a criminal to kidnap / a kidnapping / a kidnapper 1 a prison to mug / a mugging / a mugger 2 a crime to murder/ a murder / a murderer 3 a burgtary to rob / a robbery / a robber 4 a robbery to shoplift / shoplifting / a shoplifter 5 a kidnapping 6 a mugging OTHER to find collocations to be banned to be tough narsn 1 You can use a dictlonary to find which words go together to break the rules/law (collocations).Which verb collocates with'advice' in the to have the right to definition below? IO CaUSe Camage illegat computsory adr..ice /ad'vaIs/ rz [[Il an opinion you give someone to destroy regar about what they should c\\o'. Cuu\\d you giae rne a deterrent [en ient some adaice ct,bout bttui,rto a Lto'rne. fair a life sentence to fight (in a battte) a prison sentence 2 Notice that you can also find this information by tooking to go to court to solve a crime up the verb'give'. to surrender unfair give /gd o (past tense gave /gerv/, past participle to vanda[ise given /'gwenf I PRACTICE 4 TELL SB STH [Tl to tel] someone information or detalls about something, or to tell someorLe what 1a Put the actions in the box into the most logical order. they should clo Let 'rne giue lJou sorne ddoice. to be arrested to be released to be sentenced 3 Look up the words in botd in your dictionary, then to go to prison to commit a crime to go to court to get caught complete the sentences. 1 The fitm a big effect on me. 2 Att the noise from our neighbours it impossible to sleep t-ast night. 3 Did you _ b Turn to page 129 to check your answers. att the questions ri-ght? 4 When the management said no, the workers on strike. a reason for his strange behaviour. advantage of his offer. _5 Marcel didn't 6 | think you should -

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Hypothetical situations in the past with f 2 Write sentences about the past with f. flf you are imagining possibilities in the past, we often use I made a mistake. She shouted at me. if i hadn't r'nade a mistake, she w*uldn't haue shci.rfed al me. to describe the hypotheticaI situation. 1 | fett itt. I didn't go to work. {*e dsfayedat h*me that day,::e wosidfi'f &*ve met hiswif*. 2 My girtfriend went out without me. She met another guy. (condition) (resutt) He wanted to check his emails in the bath. His computer Notice that after r/we use the Past perfect. This form is often got wet and broke. called the'third conditionat'. She didn't learn from her mistakes. She did the same thing again. REMEMBER! A storm damaged the plane.They made an emergenry We can also use might have or could have if we are less sure about tanding. what would have happenec. lf he'd {= he hed} wcrk*d hard*r, he might have gcf ff?ic university 6 We listened to her advice. We made the right decision. 1,11e cc{.dJd've wsn *l:e rompefrfro n if aur best player haCn't g*t 7 | answered the phone while I was driving. I crashed the car. i$j;;red. 8 My famity moved house. I had to change school. Tatking hypotheticalty about the past and present together 9 lt rained.We didn't have a barbecue. Notice the dff.r.n.. between these two forms. 10 He tost his job. He had to se[[ his sports car. . lmaginary situations generally / in the present: 3 Answer the questions. Use the prompts (or your own ideas) f + Past simple + would + verb to write complete sentences. What would be different now if ... lf i was*'* an actor, l'd be a nsusirian. you had taken acting lessons as a chitd? (be a Hotlywood star now) tf I'd tak** aering lessens as a child, l'd be a Hallywaod star naw. . lmaginary situations in the past: 1 you had learnt Engtish as a child? (not be here now) f + Past perfect + would have + past participle 2 you had invested a[[ your money in Coogte? (be rich now) lf !'d g*xe to ihe party,l nro*dd&aueseen her. you hadn't learnt to read as a chitd? (tife / be very difficutt Sometimes we want to talk about the past and present together. now) In this case. we can'mix'the two forms. ff:h* 3:cdstayed in herj*b, she w*u{.d be ricl:er n*w. 4 you had fett itl this morning? (stitt be in bed now) (past) (present) you hadn't stayed out so late last night? (not feel so tired now) lf i didn't trust 1nu, I w*uldn't lrave lent yau th* money. (present) you had thought about the decision more? (past) (not regret it now) *\"ryn**ncqi 1 Put the words in the correct order to make sentences. 1 lost/'d / been /careful / if / more / you I n't I have / you / it / would | / passed | | | to I that/ university /could / exam / have / gonelitl'd would/it/to I melif lembarrassed/happened ll lhad/ have / been your/ now/forgotten /'d I be/ if / you / had / there / passportln'tlwe 'd / | / started / | / known / long / it / if / woutd / take I how/n'tlhave/would if /the USA,/ Rick/ Mia / had /staved /would /n'tl n't/ in/helhave/met

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#gzueE € ffi€e#ffi#Eru* J: Yeah, he and my granny are sti[[ really active ... they travel a[[ over the r n, wnat s yo\"r rrrr ...1, pi.ir.i - =- - - world and go out a[[ the time ... they're amazing realty. B: lt's Merhab ... M-E-R... A: That's brilliant. 2 A: Hey, great to see you! How are you doing? J: And here's one of me with Luxmmi, an old school friend of mine. A: I think you've totd me about her before - she's training to be a doctor, B: Yeah, l'm good, thanks.And it's really good to be here. isn't she? 3 A: And ... could you te[[ me your fu[[ address? J: Yeah, I think she's in her second or third year. B: lt's Flat 4 ... J: And here's some more of my family. 4 A: So which part of Argentina do you come from? A: Aah, that's a nice photo... is that your brother Joe... the one who's B: From near Buenos Aires. Actuatty, I onty arrived here from wearing sungtasses? S5o Pauto a few hours ago! J: Yeah, that's my big brother! 5 A: Reatty? How was your flight? A: And what's he doing nowadays? B: Oh, it was fine, thanks. J: He's away at university ... we[[, he's home for the holidays at the 6 A: So did you have a good journey? moment, obviously. B: Yes, I did actua[ty, but it was [ong! A: So where's he studying? 7 A: What's your marital status? J: Manchester- he's living in a student house with fourotherguys. B: Singte. He really likes it there. A: Oh, that's good.And who are the others in the picture? 8 A: Have you got any family? J: That's my dad in the middle, my cousin Harriet and Andy, my uncle. B: Just my parents. A: Aah, it looks like a really nice party. 9 A: And are your parents OK? J: Yeah, it was great. Shame you couldn't come ... B: Mum is but Dad isn't very we[[, l'm afraid. #ru*? 3 *gcGn*truG * a**:€AV € *€€#R#€f** e i r rf\"^a *iy too rulf ii.\" trauettin!. vy relufar aaity.o..\"t. l\"!i\"t i\"\"rnpr\" A: ls this your fiist visit to London? at about seven in the morning. Um, I leave my house, then walk to the B: Yes, actually it is. tube station. From there I take the tube for six stops, then I hop on the 1 What's your postcode, please? 2 Where exactly do you [ive? train, er, for about ten minutes, then I take anothertube for one stop, 3 How's your job going? 4 A: Do you speak any other languages apart from Engtish? and then finally I take another train for about 20 minutes, and then it's a two-minute watk to work. The whole journey takes about an hour and B: No, I don't. a ha[f, I wou[d say, and that's on a good day; on a bad day, it could take 5 Do all your family speak Engtish? up to three hours, and it's reatty, really boring. 5 Coutd you te[[ me your date of birth? 7 A: Did you have a nice holiday? 2 l'm one of those peoplewhojust don'tthinkthere areenough hours in B: Yes thanks, I did. the day. l'm on the go the whole day [ong, from the moment I get up in the morning, um, to when I ro[[ into bed at night. I have a rea[[y busy 8 A: Have you got any brothers and sisters? job where l'm on my feet alt day. I usuatly end up working through my B: No, I haven't. lunch break because there's so much to, to go on, um, and I would finish UFjEE g€e#R#Er** up work at about 5, 6 o'clock in the evening. Er, I normalty woutd then, f Wf'.t t =the ingtisn wori tor, thirZ = er, meet up with friends in the evening, um, have them over for dinner, 2 How do you pronounce this word? 3 How do you spe[[ your name? um, and I spend a lot of time talking with my famity over Skype or some 4 Which page are we on? 5 Could you explain that again, please? friends on the phone, um, though l'd probabty like to spend more of my 6 Could you say that again, please? 7 What's today's homework? time doing that. Um, as I said before, there just isn't enough time. 8 Coutd you write it on the board, please? 3 | spend, er, quite a lot of time looking after my daughter. Um, obviousty #S€g? Rge*R*Er.€* 5 when my wife's there we share looking after her and playing with her l=nnn =j=less and things. But, um, my wife goes out to work, er, three or four nights A: Hi,Jess. So, haveyou got any photos of your birthday party? a week, so when I get in from work, er, she goes out to work, and I finish J: Hi, Ann - yeah, just a second ... where are we ... oh yeah ... here's me off the dinner, look after my daughter, ptay with her, have dinner with with some friends. That's my best friend Lydia - | think you've met her, her, give her a bath, brush her teeth, er, read her a couple of stories, put haven't you? her to bed, sing some songs. I really enjoy it. Um, it's a great opportunity to kind of have one-to-one time with my daughter. A: Yeah, I know Lydia, course.And who are the two guys? 4 Oh, I can be so unproductive when l'm supposed to be writing an essay J: Tom and Satiba.They're old friends of mine, too. Saliba lives in the same street as me - I've known him for years. He's going out with Lydia at or, um, doing work of some kind. Um, l'll go on, on the internet to, um, the moment, actuatty. to do some research for whatever topic I need to write about, um, but then I get, start looking at other things that l'm more interested in. A: Oh, very nice.And what's Lydia doing these days? Um, I dunno, maybe news about celebrities, or I might be downloading J: She's working in a DIY shop at the moment, which is reatty boring music. Um, and after several hours, I still haven't started researching apparentty, but she's decided now that she wants to be a social worker my essay. so she's applying for lots of courses and things. 5 l'd tike to have more time to watk my dog. Um, at the weekends I have A: Oh, good for her. lots of time and I take her for a lovely long wa[k. Um, in the week, it's J: And here's another one - my little sister and my grandpa. Wow - is that lsabet? She's getting so big... I remember her when she always a bit of a rush and I never get a chance to rea[[y enjoy it properly, was really smatt. Ha, she's pulling a face! so I wish I had more time for that. J: Oh, she always pu[[s faces in photos. I don't know why. So how old's your grandfather? J: He's 81 now, I think... he's getting quite old. A: He looks we[[ for his age, doesn't he?

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air€ET 4 Rge*R*:&r* #f€€? 4 R*{*R*Efa€# 3 Some people are so famous that it's har=d to believe they have other skills, but 1 A: What's the matter? this week in our'Fabulous facts'slot, we're focusing on famous people and their hidden talents! B: I've lost my mobile. Have you seen it anywhere? A: I can't believe youVe lost it again! Why don't you keep it in your pocket? Barack Obama, for example, is not only one of the most famous politicians B: OK, so I've lost it again. Have you seen it? in the world, he has also pubtished severaI books, including a book for children A: Have you looked on the coffee table? lt's usually there. called Of Thee I Sing: A Letterto My Daughters. He wrote the book in 200g for B: Yes, I have. lt's not there, l've looked. Hang on. Oh! lt was in my his two daughters - as you might guess from the title! pocket a[[ the time! Obama isn't the only politician to appear in bookshops. Winston Churchi[[, Uru€? 4 RgC*R*Cr€* 4 the famous British prime minister, was also an author and an artist. Over the course of his life, he wrote over 70 books and oainted more than 500 Meltem pictures. In 1953, he won the Nobet prize for Literature - the onlv world OK, so I was born in Ankara in 1 990 and I spent my chitdhood there. Er, I started school, um, primary schoot, in 1996. And it was at primary school, leader who has ever done this! when I was ... eight, that I started learning English. I remember my teacher was really strict in class, but we a[[ loved her. l've been learning English ever And what about modern celebrities? Do they have the same hidden talents? since, because, wet[, because my primary school teacher taught me to love Wel[, some of them do. Pop singer Shakira, for example, doesn't just produce the [anguage, I guess! international hit records - she has learnt to speak six languages! Wow! And And then, when I was 12, we moved - my famity and | - to lstanbul... so that since she became successful in 1995, she has also founded schools for ooor was in ... 2002. I reatty didn't want to move, I remembel so my dad had to children a[[ over Columbia, her native country, and has raised tens of millions of pounds for charity. What a woman! buy me a guitar when we moved, you know, as a present, and I started having And Brad Pitt is not just Hollywood's leading actor, he's also an architect! guitar lessons. He has apparently been interested in architecture since he was young and has studied the subject for many years. He has even designed a restaurant and So, what's next? Um, I teft high school and started university in 2OOg... an apartment b$ilding! studying business ... e1 | was there for four years. And ... in 201 l, I met Selim Even royals these days have surprising ta[ents. Kate Middteton, the Duchess and, um, we've been going out together since then. And, do you want to of Cambridge, is a keen sportswoman, and before she was engaged to prince know if l'm in [ove? Ha! l'm not telling anyone; it's a secret! And after | left Wi[iam, she trained to row across the Engtish Channel to France * a total of university, in 2012,1 started working for my uncle's import-export business. It's a really nice job and I get to use my business ski[[s, so that's great. 34 kilometres - as part of an all-woman team. Unfortunately, she couldn,t What else can I te[[ you about my tife? Wett, a[[ those guitar tessons weren,t take part in the end. lt was too dangerous because so many photographers a waste of time because now l'm in a band ... it's called yedi Kizler. lt means were planning to follow her boat... what a shame! 'seven girls'inTurkish.And we're calted that because... it's obvious really... there are seven of us in the band and we're a[[ girls! Um ... actually, l've been ugqtT € Rge*R*'ru* A in three different bands, but this one is definitely the best.Anyway,yedi Kizter 1 A: What's the matter? started in 2010 and we've played about 20 gigs and we've got a few fans - | B: l've lost my mobile. Have you seen it anywhere? think we've got about 500 followers on Facebook. A: I can't believe you've lost it again!Why don't you keep it in your pocket? B: OK, so l've lost it again. Have you seen it? And what else? Wett, l'd reatty like to get a flat of my own - it's reatty crowded A: Have you looked on the coffee table? lt's usualty there. B: Yes, I have. lt's not there, l've looked. Hang on. Oh! lt was in my in my parents'flat. l've been looking for ages, um, for something I tike and that I can afford,just to rent... and today I think maybe l've found the right pocket a[[ the timel one! Finatly! l'm so excited! 2 A:... I didn't recognise you for a minute.you look so different. UrugF 4 R€<*R*Ir€G * -You've changed your hair it's really nice. I tike it! i\"iil;;;;;iil;w.i;;;.;;n'.i- ia iir.l\" ir.,. oeca.\" B: Oh, thanks, and you look really we[[, too.you've lost weight, haven,t \"\"'i\".i\"famous ptaying the role of Hermione in the Harry potter films. She you? started acting in those films when, when she was just 11 years old and A: Wett, yes, a bit. l've joined a gym. continued for the next ten years. She's won many awards for her acting 3 A: Tony, is Jiang stitl here? skilts and she's appeared on the cover of magazines all over the world. B: She was here a minute ago. Perhaps she's just gone out for a minute. She's exceptionally talented and clever. C: lf you're looking for Jiang, she's gone home - she left about ten But the reason I really admire her is because she hasn't let fame and minutes ago. money change her.White she was playing Hermione, she continued to A: Oh, no. l've missed her. Has she locked her office? work hard at her studies and she refused to leave school and become a C: I think she has. full-time actress.When she finished the Harry potter films, in 2009, she decided to go to university. She went to the famous Brown University 4 A: Miss? in the US. lt's inspiring to find a celebrity who stit[ believes in the value B: Yes. of education. A: We've finished the test. Can we go now? aJffiY 4 Rffie*R*=*{* * B: Not before the others have finished.Adam, how are you getting on? i- vv .lri\"\"li\"; i;;il. i;il'.ti\"\" n*.iJ ii-in\" nij..ii'\" i'\"tbauer Have you finished? LioneI Messi. He's the most talented footbatler of his generation, but C: Sorry, I haven't finished yet. Can I have another five minutes? he's still charming and dedicated. When Messi was I 1, he was diagnosed B: Yes, OK. with an i[[ness.The treatment cost S9OO a month. Messi's family weren,t rich, so Messi left home to join FC Barcelona and the club paid for his 5 A: Let me see ... er... Pierre, have you met Karimah, Karimah Safar? treatment. This was a good deal for Barcelona, because Messi went on to B: Yes, I think we have. We met at the conference last year, didn,t we? score hundreds of goals for the club. C: That's right. I remember. Nice to see you again. B: You too. A: Karimah has joined our London office so you'[l see a lot of each other. Messi has done a lot for chitdren in his home country. He founded a charity which helps children get the education and health care that they need. I think he's an excellent role model for boys and young men everywhere, because he shows that you don't have to be selfish and egotisticaI to be successfu[.

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&w#€* ffi#w€p& **&aT * xg€***z*&* 3 'l expect it was the dog,'said the niece calmty.'He told me he had a terrible fear of dogs. A pack of wild dogs once chased him on the banks of the River Part one Canges in India, and he hid alt night with the dogs snarling just above him. 'My aunt wi[[ be here soon, Mr Nutte[,' said a self-confident young lady of 15. It's enough to make anyone suffer with their nerves.' 'Until then, I'm afraid, you have me.' Telting stories at short notice was her speciality. Frampton Nuttel tried to say something polite. Privatety, he was wondering whether this visit to total strangers would really help to cure his bad nerves, 7443?&ZT *g**?\"*\\re* 3 as his sister had hoped. i oon\".th\"erb.yookilvworiuttieitne moviesi s;,i,r, tord oftie n ji,.r,*ni.n i; ;;t;J 'l know what wi[[ happen,' his sister had said, as he was leaving for his rest byTolkien. Classic, cure in the country,'you wi[[ never meet or speak to anyone, and your nerves um, trilogy and fantastic read. wit[ be worse than ever. So, l'm going to give you letters of introduction to a[[ the peopte I know there.' I read the book, um, and, wel[, it was recommended, um, by a friend and 'Do you know many people round here?' asked the niece after a silence. I absolutely loved the book - it was absolutely amazing, 'Hardly anyone,' said Frampton. Um, and then when the films came out, um, I thought that they would probabty be a little bit disappointing because the book was just so good 'Then you know nothing about my aunt and her great tragedy ...' continued the se[f-confident young [ady. - | mean, there's no way you can put that, um, you know, into a film - 'Her tragedy?' asked Frampton. but the fitms were actually, you know, they did the book justice, um, 'Yes, you may wonder why we keep the windows open in Octobel'she said, -and the cinematography was amazing. The performances were great pointing towards the large French windows that opened onto the garden. I mean, the casting was great because the characters really did justice to 'lt's quite warm for the time of year, but has the window got anything to do the characters in the book. Um, and I loved the fact that it was a[[ filmed with the tragedy?'asked Frampron. in New Zeatand. l've never seen a better movie, I don't think. 'Out through that window, exactly three years ago today, my aunt's husband 2 ATV show that I realy like at the moment is Modern Family. lt's about and her two younger brothers went off for a day's shooting. They never came four different families, um, that are quite modern.Whereas in the past back.All three sank in a terrible bog.We never found their bodies - that was people used to think that you'd have a mum, a dad and two children, um,in Modern Family you've got one family, for instance, where the dad the worst thing.'Here the girl's voice lost its confidence.'Poor aunt thinks is about 50 or 60 maybe, and his wife is in her earty 30s, and she's got a that they will come back someday. She believes they witt watk in through that door with their little brown dog, just as they used to. That's why we son as we[[ from a previous marriage. Um, so that's quite modern. have the door open every evening. Poor dear aunt, she has often totd me how they went out: her husband was carrying his white coat over his arm, and her Um, the other family is a typicat famity, but they're a[[ a bit crazy. brother Ronnie was singing. Do you know sometimes on a quiet evening like You've got mum, dad, two girls and a boy, and obviously the siblings, er, this, I have the strangest feeling that they will walk in through that window...' go mad a[[ the time. Frampton felt relieved when at last her aunt came into the room.'l hooe Vera The series is really funny because they say and do things that you normally has been amusing you?'she said. think about doing or saying but in real life obviously you can't do it. l, I 'She's been very interesting,'said Frampton. remember one episode, for instance, where the dad cancetted Christmas 'l hope you don't mind the open window'said Mrs Sappleton.'My husband because one of his children [ied, and l've always wanted to do that. I and brothers will be home soon from shooting, and they always come in would recommend everyone to watch it, cos it's A realty good show. this way.' 1 Oh, I saw a television programme last week, um, Saturday night, reafly *tu€E? & &*{*#*274* * main peak-time television programme, and, er, it was called The X Factor Part two She continued to chat happily about shooting.To Frampton it was a[[ and ljust hated it - | really don't [ike singing competitions on television. absolute[y horrib[e. Um, the people on the programme were just not very good singers. Attempting to change the subject, he told them about his i[[ness.'The doctors The judges weren't judging them for singing: they were judging the way have told me to have complete rest, with no excitement at a[[,'explained they looked and they were judging their image. Um, I think really the FramDton. judges were thinking about who would setl the most records. So it was very much about image and not about singing. I think if we're going to 'Really?'said Mrs Sappleton, but she was not paying attention. Her eyes were have a singing competition, then the contestants should just be judged staring past him to the open window and garden beyond. on singing and not the way they took or how their image wi[[ se[[ lots Suddenty, she jumped up.'Here they are at last,'she said.'Just in time for teal' of records. Frampton shivered, and looked at the niece with sympathy. The young girl 4 | want to te[[ you about, er, the first time I went to a ba[[et. Um, it was was staring out through the window with a look of pure horror in her eyes. In a cold shock of fear, Frampton turned round, and looked in the called AliceinWonderland, and it's based on the book by Lewis Carro[[. same direction. Um, I went with my friend who, er, it was her birthday, er, so we went to see it in the, the, um, in Covent Carden in the RoyaI Opera House in In the twilight, three figures were walking across the garden towards the window. They were a[[ carrying guns under their arms, and one of them also London. Um, absolutely adored it. lt was, er, I thought it was just rea[[y, had a white coat over his shoulders. A tired brown dog was walking close to reatly amazing. The, the set and the, er, the design of the stage were just them. As the figures came nearer to the house, a young voice began to sing. terrific. Um, particularly liked, er, the, the Queen of Hearts - she was, Frampton grabbed his hat witdty and ran out through the hall ooor, across the front garden and through the front gate. Outside in the road, he almost um, an absolutety brittiant charactel er, really, really funny, um, which l, knocked a man off his bicycle in his terrible panic. I thought, I think maybe that was the best part about it, was that, e1 | was at a ballet, which was at[ about the dance, but the whole audience 'Here we are, my deal' said the man carrying the white coat, as he came in through the window.'Who was that who ran out as we came in?' was, um, was laughing - it was a real comedy show as we[[. Er, l'd 'A very strange man - a Mr Nuttel,'said Mrs Sappleton.'He coutd only talk recommend it to anybody. about his illnesses, and then he ran off without saying goodbye wnen you *7497 &*X{**\"*Z#* 4 arrived. lt was as if he had seen a phost!' A A: come on. Sfraff we !o on the rttter coasteri B: Are you joking? l'm not going to risk my life on that. A: Don't worry. l'[[ look after you. Nothing can go wrong. B: Everything can go wrongl Look, I'tt go on the big wheel with you but not the roller coaster. A: But this is the best one! You'tl love it. Come on. Shall I help you? B: Oh, alright. l'll give it a go. But I can't believe l'm doing this. A: There. We're in. Don't worry! l'[[ hold your hand. B: Oh yeah. That's reatly going to hetp.

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&Ee*€*:ffi*trapt UN:Y 1S REe*R*Er\\€# e is covered in *.i.r.- - - #ru€T 33 &#**R*EF€* g i s.u\"nty-on. f\"r..nt oftn\" r.rtt,'i iuif\".\" f f tf,inl, u., ii tnorta U. .ornputrory to hru\" . iri.f ti..n.., th. ;;t;; 2 The lowest temperature ever recorded was -89'C. get for motorcyctes. Normally when you have a motorcycle licence, you 3 In 2030, the footballWortd Cup witt be a hundred years old. get a tria[ licence, and after about two years, um,you can convert it to a real licence. I think that shoutd be, um, implemented for cars as we[[. 4 The closest distance between Earth and Mars is 55,680,000 km. Cars are more dangerous than motorcycles, I think. 5 lt is estimated that the wortd populationin 2029 wi[[ be 8.2 billion. 6 The speed of tight is 300,000 km/sec. And a lot of people don't really know how to drive properly, especiatly when they've just gotten their licence. Before you get your full licence, 7 The population ofJapan is 127,000,000. you have to do an extra test. Um, I think the driving test is thorough enough, but people need a lot more practice before they're actually 8 The world's largest shopping ma[[ is 892,000 mr. ready to go out on the roads.And that second test should be able to 9 Seventeen percent of British people are over 65. prove that a person is a competent driver.And I think that shoutd be 10 The largest crowd ever for a sporting event was 199,859. a taw. uru:T 1# Rge*R*tf{G # 2 Er,l'm going to talk about, um, hunting and hunting [aws, um, and my i lti f'ou.utyti.u.r. roi. opinion about hunting, basically.You knoq l'm not against hunting, 2 | think l'd probabty have several different careers. 3 l'd invent one that could tidy my ftat. um, I am against hunting for sport, though - | think there's a big, big 4 | think l'tt probabty go camping. 5 l'tt probabty move out of the city centre. difference. Um, you know, people traditionalty have needed to hunt to 6 l'd live somewhere hot and beautifu[. eat and to [ive, and to me, um, that's fine. Um, what I don't agree with is hunting for sport, um, because I don't see the pleasure in going and, 7 I'd definitety give up work. um, kitting an innocent, beautifuI creature just for the sake of kitting it. Um, to me that doesn't make sense. I mean, you would hope that, 8 l'tt buy a new car probabty. that peopte would use the meat and, um, you know, they would do something with the animat, but unfortunately a lot of the time people Uf\\iiT 1S R€e*R*f ruG * don't; they just kill the animal and that's it. Um, so I don't think it should be banned, but it needs to be controlled. Um, and I also think that it i ar \"broutu hotet owner trom in\" norttr oi p\".toifi., and I am ,L.ffy *orri\"J woutd be better if people didn't hunt for sport, and they just hunted to the economy sustain themselves and to use the food. of our island. Businesses just aren't making enough 3 l'd make it a law that if you go and tive in a foreign country, it should money and the government is not doing enough to help us.They haven't be compulsory to learn the language of that country. Um, I think that put enough money into promoting tourism in particulal in my opinion. otherwise if you don't speak the same language as the people around you, you're never going to be abte to integrate into society. lf we have more tourists, then we'l[ have more businesses, and if there Um, | [ived in Brussels before, um, where the language is either French or are more businesses, there wi[[ be more jobs and everyone will be able Dutch, and, er, l, I had a good bit of French, which I found really helpful to pay more taxes.Then we't[ be able to improve schools and hospitals, * people always found it, um, much nicer when you went into a shop but first we have to develop business. l'd suggest that we spend more on or, er, into a restaurant and you were able to make an effort to speak in promoting tourism, and we really must have the new airport that they their [anguage. are talking about in the north of the country. This is really important for Er, it was also, um, a m-, a much better way to get to know the country locaI businesses. that you're, you're, you're living in. Er, it helps you be a bit, a big part of it more if you can actually communicate with the people and 2 l'm a teacher, and to me the biggest problem is the state of our schools. make friends with those people. Um, I think that's probably the most important part about it. Classrooms are getting really old, we don't have enough books and we 4 | thinkthere should be a lawthat, um, if you'refitand able andyou've need computers if we want to train young peopte for the modern world. been unemployed for say six months or more, and you're receiving It's really important, in my opinion.Young peopte are the future of our money from the government to help you, you shoutd have to do some country after at[. But at the same time, we cannot reduce spending on kind of voluntary work. Er, there are lots of projects that l'm sure aren't being done because there isn't the money or there aren't the peopte hospitals or the army, because these things are very important, too. to do the jobs. So if you're out of work, then why not do something constructive to help society and, and, er, your [oca[ community? I think the government should increase taxes on wealthy people to The sort of things that could be done are, for example, er, fixing up local pay for improvements to our schoots. There are plenty of rich people in community centres or painting churches, e1 doing work on local schools to make them better places for learning. I think if people did that, um, Peakoilia - and they don't pay very high taxes, so they can afford it. did some kind of, er, work or helping the community, it would, it would 3 For me there are two big problems: unemployment and defence. I feel get them used to the routine of working; it would make it easier for them to get back into work when they eventually find a job. really worried for our young people. lt's getting more and more difficult to find a job and I just don't know what they can do. I feet rea[[y sorry for them.At the same time, I think we have a big problem with our neighbour, Expandia. I really betieve that they want to attack us and they're just waiting for an opportunity. So I think the government should increase spending on defence and increase the army to, say, 5,000 soldiers. This would help to solve two probtems. lt would make the country more secure against our neighbours and it would give young peopte jobs, and useful training. lt would give them something to do and a focus for their lives. Of course, the problem is: where does the money #r*Es ffitr**€*€hE* 5 come from? Hm, I don't have an answer to that ... 4 The best option is to reduce taxes on ordinary people. l'm a mother of a young family. My husband and I both work, but we just don't have 1 lfAndiew=Ehad tno*n \"Uoui his phobia, n\" *ortJn;t nuue entered enough money to [ive. Everything is so expensive these days.We want to be able to buy clothes for our chi[dren and ... have a better standard the race. of living generally. But it's just not possible.And I don't think the government needs to spend at[ this money on hotels and golf courses 2 lfAndrew had stayed on the boat, his phobia would have got worse. 3 lf Debra's boat had hit an oil tanker, it would have sunk. and things. That's a[[ for rich tourists. The government should hetp 4 lf they had continued the race together, the coupte might still be ordinary peopte like me ... now that would be popular! married now. 5 lf Debra hadn't had this exoerience, she wouldn't be a successful motivationaI soeaker now.

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