دروس مادة اللغة الالنجليزية للفصل الثاني سنة ثالثة ثانوي

Read the text and answer the questions The biggest bankruptcy in U.S. financial history January 30, 2002 There are certain companies you think will always be there. Nike, Microsoft,and McDonalds seem too powerful to ever run out of money. That's the waymany people felt about a company called Enron.Enron Corporation was an American energy company based in Houston, Texas.

Enron was a multinational that traded electricity, plastics, Internetconnections and more- in the U.S. and around the world. In just over 15 years, itturned itself from a natural gas company into one of the world's biggest energyfirm. but now it is the largest company ever to go bankrupt in U.S. financialhistory. Enron’s success was in reality based on nonexistent profits and fraud. Enron collapsed in 2001. Consequently Enron's *stock price took a dive and it suddenly had to repay lots of money. As the company could not execute the payments, it was forced to declare *bankruptcy .As a result, thousands of Enron employees were out of work and thousands ofinvestors lost their life savings.The company executives gotprison sentences for conspiracy and fraudUnfamiliar words: executive* a stock: a share in a company. bank is*bankruptcy: A situation in which the chief officially says that the company or the unable to pay debts.

Reading ComprehensionActivity 1: Find in the text the sentence expressing the violation of business ethics. ............................................................................... Activity 2: Answer the following questions1. Where was Enron based? ....................................................................................2. What did it sell? ....................................................................................3. How long did it take the company to become a world energy giant? ....................................................................................4. How did the Enron executives manage to give the illusion that the company was a shining success? ...................................................................................5. Why did the company go bankrupt? ...................................................................................6. What were the consequences of the bankruptcy? ..................................................................................... PronunciationActivity: Write the following sentence correctly:ðə kʌmpəni wɛnt bæŋkrupt bi’kɔz it wəz beised ɔn frɔd.................................................................................................

Word BuildingActivity 1: Complete the table below with the correct word.Verb Adjective Nounfalsify false falsification1. inflate ..................... .....................2. ............. assumed .....................3. ............. ..................... investment/investor4. ............. announced announcement5. exceed excess ......................6. ............. speculative .......................7. ............. corrupt ........................Activity 2: Supply a word from the table in the sentences below:1. He was accused of .........................the company’s records.2. They ........................................... the benefits to make the company look more successful than it was in reality.3. They made a $5000 ……………………… in stocks.4.Your light wasn’t on so I ............................. that you were out.5. On January 9, 2002, the U S Department of Justice .................it was going to pursue a criminal investigation of Enron6. The police arrested him because he ...................... the speed limit.7. They found an .......................... of alcohol in his blood.8. We must fight against .......................... in city politics.Activity 3: Write these words out correctly1. tacixbenrile ...........................2. bainelebulev ...........................3. laibifen ………………...4. batsilytin ………………..

GrammarOVERVIEW OF CONDITIONAL SENTENCESSituation Form1. True in the If + present Î future present/futureIf I have enough money, I will invest it.2. Untrue in the If + past Î would + stem present/futureIf I had enough money, I would invest it.3. Untrue in the If+ past perfectÎ would + have + pp Past pp: (past participle)If I had had enough money, I would have invested itActivity 1: Supply the correct form of the verbs between brackets: e.g.: If I knew how it worked, I (explain) it to you. If I knew how it worked, I would have explained it. 1. If you stay in bed, you (recover) quickly. .................................... ....................................

2. If we had been younger, we (go) on a trip abroad. ......................................... ......................................... 3. If you (catch) a speed train, you would save a lot of time. ................................ ................................4. You will have to take a taxi if you (want) to be at the office on time.………………………….…………………………. 5. If I ( know) how difficult the job was, I wouldn’t have taken it. ............................................. .............................................

6. If the driver had (slow) down, he could have avoided the accident . ......................................... .........................................7. What would you do if you ( win ) at thelottery? ...................................................……………………….............................. 8. If people all over the world participated to demonstrations against injustice and arbitrary, they (contribute) to establish peace. If ............................... ............................... ...................................

9. If more money were spent on cancer research, a prevention ( be ) found. .................................................. ..................................................Activity 2: Rewrite the sentences with ‘if’ as in the example: e.g.: I am so busy that I have little time to spend with my family. Î If I am not so busy, I will spend more time with my family.

1. I don’t have a screwdriver so I can’t fix your bicycle. Î If I ....................................................................... 2. She didn’t prepare for the interview, so she didn’t get the job. Î ................................... ......................................... ......................................... ........................................ 3. I had only a few apples so I could bake only a small pie. Î...................................... ....................................... ......................................4. You may get a fine when you exceed the speed while driving. Î If you ....................................................................

5. Why don’t you illustrate your research work. Your presentation (be) clearer. Î If ................................. ....................................... .......................................6. Don’t open the cage otherwise the canary will fly. Î....................................................................................7. The truck driver did not check his vehicle at the petrol station before setting off. That is why he had problems on his way to San Francisco. Î .............................................. .............................................. Activity 3: Answer the questions with ‘yes’ or ‘no’e.g.: If I had an envelope and a stamp, I would mail this letter right now.

a. Do I have an envelope and a stamp now No b. Do I want to mail this letter right now? Yes c. Am I going to mail this letter right now? No 1. If the hotel had been built to withstand an earthquake, it would not have collapsed.a)-Was the hotel built to withstand an earthquake? .....b)- Did the hotel collapse? ......

2. If he were rich, he would travelall around the world.a)- Does he want to travel allaround the world? ......b)- Is he rich? ...... 3. If you take a fish out of water, it will die. a)- Can fish live out of water? ........ b)- Is the child allowed to take a fish out of water? .........4. If you teach a child to planttrees, he will learn torespect nature.a)- Is planting trees a positivelesson for a child? ........b)- Will it help the child tounderstand the value ofnature? .......Activity 4: Complete the following sentences with personal sentences. Add comas where necessary. 1. If I have enough money................................................. ...........................................................................................2. If I had more time I ....................................................... ............................................................................................. 3. If I had gone to the Art School ........................................ ............................................................................................

Use WISH to show that you want reality to be different from the presentsituation.Meaning Real situation WishA wish about I have too much work. I wish I had lessthe future work. or I wish I didn’t have so much work.A wish about I wish I spokethe present Japanese I don’t speak Japanese.A wish about I wish I had notthe past missed the bus. I missed the bus.Activity 1: Complete the following sentences with an appropriate form of the verbs between brackets

e.g.: We need some help. I wish Bob (be) here now. If he (be) here, we could finish this work today. We need some help. I wish Bob were here now. If he were here, we could finish this work today. 1. I wish it ( be / not ) cold today. If it (be / not) so cold I ( feel) better. ....................................... …………...................... 2. I missed part of the lecture because I arrived late,and now my notes are notcomplete. I wish I (arrive) on time....................................................................................... 3.The noise from the construction site is too loud It drives me crazy. I wish they (stop) the work. ............................................... …...........................................

4. We had a good time in London last year. I wish (you come) with us. If you (come) with us you (have) a good time too. ......................................... .........................................5. He lives far from the centre of town. He has to commuteevery day. He wishes he (not /live) so far...............................................................................................Activity 2: Complete the sentences with an appropriate verb form. 1. I can’t go to the concert tomorrow because I have an urgent report to finish. I wish I .......................................................................... ..........................................................................

2. Helen is a shop assistant. She loves playing the piano. She wishes ............................................. 3. There are too many conflicts in the world. I wish ......................... ......................................... .........................................4. John loves playing dressing as a fireman. He wishes .............................................. later.Activity 3: Correct the six (6) mistakes in the passage below:

Charles Prestwood, a former pipeline operator for Enron who lost $1.3million in retirement savings with Enron's bankruptcy, said to a journalist : I think about all the families Enron destroyed and all the hard workingpeople that believed the bankers. If it were up to me, they will be sentenced tolife prison. I wish I don’t not invest my savings at Enron. I wish I buy a houseinstead . I wish It is only a nightmare.I really wish someone wakes me up and says all this story is not true................................................................................................................................... Other ways of expressing CAUSE and EFFECT: SUCH ... THAT / SO ... THAT e.g.:It was such a good book that I couldn’t stop reading it They’re such nice people that everyone likes them. such (a / an) + (adjective) + noun + that The book was so good that I couldn’t stop reading it. so + adjective or adverb + thate.g.: It was such a nice day that the kids spent the whole day on the beach. The day was so nice that the kids spent the whole day on the beach.

Activity 1: Supply such, such a / an, or so in the following sentences: 1. The food at the hotel was ........ awful that we couldn’t eat it.2. After a day’s work, people are ...... tired that they want to get home as early as possible. 3. He had ............. exhausting trip that he fell asleep in the armchair. 4.Football fans were .... excited that the police intervened.

5. The situation was ...... amusing that Prince Charles laughed. 6. Nadia is ............. passionate tennis player that she spends most of her free time on the tennis court. 7. Jill and Liz are ....... interesting persons that we always enjoy talking to them. They’ve traveled a lot and they’ve done lots of different things.8. Elephants have been hunted .........much that they are on the verge ofextinction.

Activity 2: Write sentences by combining the beginning of the sentences in column A with the endings from column B. Use so or such. AB1. She speaks English a. I didn’t eat anything else for well. the rest of the day.2. The music was loud b. we couldn’t stay outside.3. I’ve got a lot of things c. you would think it was her to do native language.4. The weather was cold. d. you could hear it from5. I had a big breakfast miles away. e. I don’t know where to begin.1. .................................................................................2. ................................................................................3. ................................................................................4. ................................................................................5. .................................................................................

WRITINGa)- What would you do if you heard about an illegal activity in your company. Use the notes below to write a paragraph:- speak to the involved person- explain that it is wrong- try to convince him/her to stop misbehaving- bring the issue up to the manager. Start like this:If I heard about an illegal activity in my company, I would first of all............................................................................................ ...................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................b)- What would you do if you lost both your savings and your job because of the bankruptcy of the company? If I lost both my savings and my job, I would .....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................

SEQUENCE IV: The Hippocratic Oath1 - Reading comprehension2 - Pronunciation3 - Word Building4 - Grammar5 – Writing - The Arabic version of the Oath6 - Reading: Mohamed Yunus7 - Final Project

SEQUENCE IV The Hippocratic Oath The medical profession adopted a defined ethical code, known today as the Hippocratic Oath. Here is the Modern Version of the Oath of Hippocrates used in many medical schools today.*The Hippocratic Oath : The formal promise medical students make at the end of their studies.

From Antiquity to Eternity:*The Hippocratic Oath resonates with graduates The updated *Hippocratic Oath is a ritual for doctors.Originally composed in ancient Greece, the oath expressesprinciples still fundamental to the practice of medicinetoday. Over the years, it has become an emotional rite ofpassage in medical school graduations across the world.

Reading ComprehensionI do solemnly swear that:- I will be loyal to the profession of medicine and to its members;- I will practice my art with integrity and honor;- I will, to the utmost of my power, save life;- I will give no drug, perform no operation for a criminal purpose, far less suggest it;- I will recognize the limits of my knowledge and continue learning to better care for the sick and to prevent illness;- I will not be ashamed to say \"I do not know,\" nor will I fail to call in my colleagues when the skills of another are needed for a patient's recovery;- I will respect the privacy of my patients and will not disclose secrets that I encounter in the exercise of my profession;- I will remember that I remain a member of society, with special obligations to all my fellow human beings,I make this promise upon my honor.Activity 1: Say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F)1. The doctor’s treatment must be guided only bythe patient own interest. ...........2. The oath codifies the principle of confidentiality ofmedical information. ............

3. Being a doctor implies life long learning ............. process. .............4. A doctor, has neither duties nor ............ responsibilities towards the others.5. Asking for a colleague’s advice is not recommended. PronunciationActivity: Read aloud the phonetic transcription and rewrite the sentences :1. ai wil præktis mai ɑ:t wið inteɡriti ənd ‘ɔnər ………………………………………………2. aɪ wil, tə ði ʌtmoust əv mai ‘pəuər. seiv laif …………………………………………. Word Building a)- Formation of opposites- Verbs: The prefix –dis and – un are used to form the opposites of some verbs.e.g.: to honor => to dishonor to lock => to unlock- Prefixes are often used to give adjectives a negative meaning: / / legal illegal e.g.: / unsafe dishonest safe honest direct / indirectActivity 1: Fill the table below with the right opposite of the verbs from the box :

to approve - to wrap - to load - to connect - to do to believe- toqualify- to fold - to bend - to appearprefix – dis prefix –un1. ………………. 1. ………………2. ………………. 2. ………………3. ………………. 3. ………………4. ……………… 4. ………………5. ……………… 5. ……………… Activity 2: Write the negative meaning of the adjectives from the box in the appropriate column :convenient – licit – comfortable – loyal – respect – married – just - violable -discreet – tolerant – employed – literate -obedient – legible – logical –honourable. -ill -un…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..

-dis -in…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..…………………………….. ……………………………..Activity 3: Which negative adjective fits each of the following definitions?1. ……………… : not having a job.2. ……………… : not been able to read or write.3. ……………… : absence of respect or politeness.4.……………… : not doing what you are told to do.5. …………….. : not feeling physically relaxed .6.……………… : not sensible or reasonable.7. ……………… : impossible or difficult to read.8. …………….. : not accepting different ideas9. …………… : causing problems or difficulties, especially in an annoying way.10. ………………. : not fair.11. …..……........ : not morally correct or acceptable12 ……………… : not allowed by the law or not approved of by society.

Grammar- Use MUST / HAVE TO for saying that it is necessary to do something.e.g.: We must / have to apply ethical principles to all the professions.- Use MUSTN`T / DON`T HAVE TO for sayingthat something is not necessary or not allowed.e.g.: You mustn’t / don’t have to use the telephone line for private calls.CONDITION-We can use PROVIDED THAT instead of if for expressing condition. PROVIDED THAT means on condition that. It is used to say that something will only happen if another thing happens first.e.g.: You may go to university provided (that) you pass the baccalaureate exam.

Activity 1: a). Supply must or mustn’t in the following statements.e.g.: A doctor must devote his life to the humans welfare.1. He / She …………show respect to his peers.2. He / she ................. disclose the secrets heard.3. He / she .................. do whatever he/she can to save life.4. He / She ............ seek his fellows advice whenever it is necessary.5. He / She ................ use his art for criminal or illegal activities. b). Match the ideas listed in activity 1 with the corresponding principles expressed in the Oath of Hippocrates: e.g.: A doctor must devote his life to his patients welfare. Î I will lead my life and practise my art in integrity and honor.

‫…………………………………………………… ‪1. I will‬‬‫…………………………………………………… ‪2. I will‬‬‫‪3. I will …………………………………………………......‬‬‫‪4. I will ...................................................................................‬‬‫‪5. I will ...................................................................................‬‬ ‫‪Note:‬‬ ‫‪You can read the Arabic version of the Oath below.‬‬ ‫ﺒﺴﻡ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻤﺎﻥ ﺍﻟﺭﺤﻴﻡ‬ ‫ﻗﺴ ‪‬ﻡ ﺍﻟ ﹼﻁﺒﻴﺏ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﺴﻡ ﺒﺎﻟﹼﻠﻪ ﺍﻟﻌﻅﻴﻡ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺭﺍﻗﺏ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ ﻓﻲ ﻤﻬﻨﺘﻲ‬‫‪...‬ﻭ ﺃﻥ ﺃﺼﻭﻥ ﺤﻴﺎﺓ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ ﻓﻲ ﻜﺎﻓﺔ ﺃﺩﻭﺍﺭﻫﺎ ﻓﻲ ﻜل ﺍﻟﻅﺭﻭﻑ ﻭﺍﻷﺤﻭﺍل ﺒﺎﺫﻻ ﻭﺴﻌﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺍﺴﺘﻨﻘﺎﺫﻫﺎ‬‫ﻤﻥ ﺍﻟﻬﻼﻙ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺭﺽ ﻭﺍﻷﻟﻡ ﻭﺍﻟﻘﻠﻕ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺤﻔﻅ ﻟﻠﻨﺎﺱ ﻜﺭﺍﻤﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﺴﺘﺭ ﻋﻭﺭﺘﻬﻡ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻜﺘﻡ ﺴ ‪‬ﺭﻫﻡ‬‫ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺩﻭﺍﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻭﺴﺎﺌل ﺭﺤﻤﺔ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ‪ ،‬ﺒﺎﺫﻻ ﺭﻋﺎﻴﺘﻲ ﺍﻟﻁ ُـ‪‬ﺒﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻘﺭﻴﺏ ﻭﺍﻟﺒﻌﻴﺩ‪ ،‬ﻟﻠﺼﺎﻟﺢ ﻭﺍﻟﺨﺎﻁﺊ‪،‬‬‫ﻭﺍﻟﺼﺩﻴﻕ ﻭﺍﻟﻌﺩﻭ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﺜﺎﺒﺭ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻁﻠﺏ ﺍﻟﻌﻠﻡ‪ ،‬ﺃﺴ ﹼﺨﺭﻩ ﻟﻨﻔﻊ ﺍﻹﻨﺴﺎﻥ‪ ...‬ﻻ ﻷﺫﺍﻩ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺃﻭﻗ ّـﺭ ﻤﻥ ﻋﹼﻠﻤﻨﻲ‪،‬‬‫ﻭﺃﻋﹼﻠﻡ ﻤﻥ ﻴﺼﻐﺭﻨﻲ‪ ،‬ﻭﺃﻜﻭﻥ ﺃﺨﺎ ﻟﻜ ّل ﺯﻤﻴل ﻓﻲ ﺍﻟﻤﻬﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻁ ُـ‪‬ﺒﻴﺔ ﻤﺘﻌﺎﻭﻨﻴﻥ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻟﺒ ‪‬ﺭ ﻭﺍﻟﺘﻘﻭﻯ ﻭﺃﻥ ﺘﻜﻭﻥ‬‫ﺤﻴﺎﺘﻲ ﻤﺼﺩﺍﻕ ﺇﻴﻤﺎﻨﻲ ﻓﻲ ﺴ ‪‬ﺭﻱ ﻭﻋﻼﻨﻴﺘﻲ‪ ،‬ﻨﻘ‪‬ﻴﺔ ﻤ ‪‬ﻤﺎ ﻴﺸﻴﻨﻬﺎ ﺘﺠﺎﻩ ﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ ﻭﺭﺴﻭﻟﻪ ﻭﺍﻟﻤﺅﻤﻨﻴﻥ ﻭﺍﻟﹼﻠﻪ ﻋﻠﻰ ﻤﺎ‬ ‫ﺃﻗﻭل ﺸﻬﻴﺩ‬‫‪Activity 2:‬‬ ‫‪The pictures show conditions that must be met‬‬ ‫‪to do certain things.‬‬ ‫‪Make a sentence illustrating each picture using‬‬ ‫‪provided (that).‬‬ ‫‪e.g.: feel better / take your medicine‬‬ ‫‪You may feel better‬‬ ‫‪provided (that ) you take‬‬ ‫‪your medicine.‬‬

1. ride a bicycle/wear a helmet. You can .................................. ........................................ 2. borrow this book/return it in one week. You can ....................................................................... .......................3. enter the country / Entry Visa You may .....................................................................4. study / British university / pass TOEFL exam. You can ........................................................................

5. Take the driving test again / have not taken a test within the previous fourteen days. You may ........................................................................... ................................................................................ 6. accepted in a medical school/ get excellent grades at the entrance exam You are............................. .......................................... .........................................

WRITINGa) - Reorder the words below so as to write correct sentences. Do not forget the punctuation and capitalization:1. / separation / religion / Hippocrates / of / had / the / profound / was made / and / consequences / science / for / which / by / / medicine / on / ................................................................................................ ...............................................................................................2. / superiority / established /magic / over / the / methods / /scientific / he / of /.................................................................................................................................................................................................3./ Mesopotamian / writings / into / he / and / all / incorporated / Egyptian / and /knowledge / his / .............................................................................................. ...............................................................................................4. / ignorance / he / that / attributed / men / magic/ to diseases / their / declared / origin/ concealed / who / behind / a / superstition.................................................................................................. ................................................................................................b)- Use the notes below to write two paragraphs about Hippocrates. One about his life and one about his achievementsName HippocratesDate of birth 460 B.CPlace of birth island of Cos, GreeceOccupation ancient Greek physicianDate of death 380 B.CPlace of death Larissa, Thessaly

Education and early careerEducation - studied medicine first, with his father then, with the most famous teachers of that timeAchievements - founded the Coyan Medical School - wrote some 70 000 books known as the “Hippocrates Corpus” - separated medicine from superstition - brought medicine to a scientific level - believed that health is based on appropriate diet and hygiene - introduced the practice of confidentiality - Wrote the oath of medicine, still in use TodayHis life :………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………His achievements :………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Reading ‘’Bangladesh’s banker to poor’’ wins Nobel Peace Prize by Paul Watson, Los Angeles Times Saturday, October 14, 2006 M Mohamed Yunus, who provides loans to help millions of people fightpoverty by starting businesses, has won the Nobel Peace Prize. By using theconcept of \"micro credit\" Yunus has allowed more than 92 million poor peopleacross the globe, the majority of them women, to work their way out of poverty. Yunus and the Grameen bank that he founded thirty years ago were honored for \"their efforts to create social and economic development. Mohamed Yunus micro credit programs to fight poverty alsoserves to advance democracy and human rights. \" declared the Nobel PrizeCommittee\".

Yunus said that he would use the award money to start a company toproduce low cost nutritional food for poor people and to set up an eye hospitalfor impoverished patients. Yunus, is the first person to win a Nobel Prize from Bangladesh, acountry inundated by floods and storms and which suffered a devastatingdrought and famine in 1974. While trying to help starving villagers, Yunus met Sufia Begum, 21, who had to take out usurious loans to buy material in order to make bamboo furniture. After paying off her debt, she was left with barely enough to feed herself. To break the cycle of debt and poverty, Yunus loaned $27 to Begumand more than 40 of her neighbors inthe village of Joba. As bankers refusedto loan more money to the villagers,Yunus started his own bank. Thirtyyears later, Yunus' Bank has 2,226

branches across Bangladesh. Most of Grameen Bank's borrowers use the smallloans to start businesses by, for instance, buying a cow to produce milk, arickshaw or materials to make cloth or pottery. A rickshaw The success of the Grameen model has inspired similar effortsthroughout the developing world (for instance, LANSEJ in Algeria). and even inindustrialized nations, including the U.S. \"Every single individual on Earth has both the potential and the right tolive a decent life,\" the Nobel committee said. \"Across cultures and civilizations,Yunus and Grameen Bank have shown that even the poorest of the poor canwork to bring about their own development.\"Activity: Use the notes below to write two paragraphs about Mohamed Yunus. One about his biography a one about his career.Name Yunus, MuhammadDate of birth June 28, 1940Place of birth Chittagong, Bangladesh Grameen Economist and bankerOccupation Bank’s founder(1976)Marital status MarriedSpouse wifeSpouse occupation Afrozi Yunus Professor of physics.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

Education and early careerPrimary school: village school,ChittagongCollege:University degrees: Chittagong Collegiate School Matriculation exam (1957)Early career: - BA in 1960 - MA in 1961. - Ph.D in Economics 1969 ( USA) - Assistant professor of economics at Middle Tennessee State University (1969 to 1972) - Economics professor at Chittagong University, Bangladesh Yunus MohamedHe went to primary school ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

FINAL PROJECT1- Find more about Mohamed Yunus Graham Bank.2- To be successful, micro-credit programs are based on a Code of Ethics. - Write the main principles of this Code1- Think of two other professions where a Code of Ethics is necessary. ( e.g.: a lawyer, a journalist, … ) -Write four ethical principles for each job. Remember! The internet is a valuable means of information……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

SEQUENCE I : definitions of the word ‘‘brand”1 - Reading comprehension2 - Pronunciation3 - Word Building4 - Grammar5 – Writing

PROJECT 4ADVERTISING, CONSUMPTION and SAFETY

Reading ComprehensionRead the definitions of the word ‘‘brand” below and the following text.brand /brænd/ n.1. a particular product or a characteristics that serves to identify a particular product. 2. a trade name or trademark3. an identifying mark made, usually by burning, on the skin of animals or (formerly) slaves or criminals. 4. an iron heated and used for branding animals.

1. to label, burn or mark with a brand.2. to place indelibly in the memory. BRANDS Images like McDonald’s golden arches and the Nike swoosh are ever-present, but they are not just advertising images. Multinationals are selling adesirable way of life. The aim of branding is to turn the whole world into loyalcustomers. What is a brand name? A company’s brand name is the face it shows the world everyone who the company is, what it stands for and what customers get when buying its products or services. A good brand name goes along with a slogan and a symbol (logo). What makes a good brand name? An effective brand name must be clear, simple and unique. It will differentiate a company from its competitors, define its identity and create brand awareness. There are no clear specifications, but if the customer sees or hears a brand name and thinks of a particular company – and more important is enticed to buy its product – this company has succeeded in choosing a good brand name. From BROAD WAYS

Activity 1: Why is a good image essential for a company? .................................................................................................................... .................................................................................................................... ..........................Activity 2: Match the words in A with their definitions in B AB1. multinational a)- producing a striking impression2. aim b)- tempt, attract by offering a reward3. customer c)- a catchy advertising phrase or word4. entice d)- intention, purpose5. effective. e)- purchaser, person who purchases6. slogan/logo regularly from a particular shop. f)- company operating in several countries1. ......... 2. ......... 3. ......... 4. ......... 5. ........ 6. ........Activity 3: Can you match each paragraph with its main idea?a)- A brand name defines a company. ................b)- Companies sell messages to attract a large number ofbuyers. ................c)- The characteristics of a good brand name. ................Activity 4: What do the underlined words in the text refer to?... the face it shows ... Î .................................... a company from its competitors Î .................................

Pronunciation Spelling: - The ending –INGWhen we use this ending, there are sometimes changes in spelling.♦ -Y does not change before ING try Î trying bury Î burying♦ When a verb ends in IE, IE changes to Y before ING.die Î dying lie Î lying♦ When a verb ends in E, we leave out E before ING.dance Î dancing smoke Î smokingExcept: see Î seeingVerbs ending in –ee: be Î being♦ When a verb or an adjectve ends in consonant-vowel-consonant, wedouble the final consonant.Stop Î stopping rob Î robbing♦ If a word has more than one syllable, we double the final consonant if the final syllable is stressed. prefer Î preferring regret Î regretting♦ If the final syllable is NOT stressed, we do not double the final consonant. develop Î developing remember Î remembering♦ If a word ends in 2 consonants, we do not double the finalconsonant. build Î buildingbark Î barking♦ If there are 2 vowels before the last consonant, we do not double it.cook Î cooking bleed Î bleeding♦ If a word ends in Y or W, we do not double the last consonant.grow Î growing play Î playing

Activity 1:Do you double or not the last consonant if you add ING?agree ............... act ............... plan ...............ban ............... list ............... injury ...............attract ............... set ............... use ...............bet ............... forbid ............... tie ...............type ............... Contact ............... star ............... carry ...............seek ............... trap ...............Activity 2: Add ING to the words in brackets. Mind the spelling. There has been a (grow) ............................. appeal to death (defy)........................... danger sports recently. Today holidaymakers have a huge variety of destinations and experiences to choose.Travel agents are (offer) .......... a wide range from white-water (raft) ......... on Africa`s Zambezi river, to (climb) ................ some of the highest mountains, from scuba (dive) ................ in the Pacific to wind (surf) ................... or water (ski) ............. off the most famousbeaches.Some people are (turn) .................. to what are known as extremesports, like parachute (jump) .................... from high cliffs orsky (surf) .................... Even in cities, you can throw yourself off high towerswith an elastic cord attached to your ankle, in an activity known asbungee (jump) .........................

Activity 3: Write the name of the apropriate sport under each picture: 1. ....................... 2. .................................... 3. ............................. 4. ...................

5. .............................6. .........................

Word BuildingWe use the suffixes -er or -or to mean one who does something.Activity 1: Add the right suffixDirect...... tail...... conduct......manage...... competit...... orat......race...... trait...... profess......sail...... golf...... interpret......Activity 2 : Choose from the list above and give the name of the man who1. sells the ticket on the bus. ...........................2. gives the meaning of something ........................... said or written in another language. ...........................3. betrays a friend, is disloyal to a ........................... cause,to his country. ........................... ...........................4. makes speeches5. works on a ship6. makes clothes