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Introduction English textbook for secondary school Book Four is the fourth in a series of seven textbooks which are currently developed to respond to the new policy of the Ministry of Education and Sports on the reform of general education from 11 years to 12 years. Upon the new educational reform, the Ministry of Education and Sports has decided to add another one year to secondary school program in academic year 2009-2010. To implement the new policy, the Foreign Language Research and Resource Center at the Research Institute for Educational Sciences in cooperation with the Faculty of Letters at the National University of Laos have formed the team to develop the Curriculum and write the textbook with teacher’s guide by financial support from the Basic Education Sector Development Project (BESDP). Along with the textbook, the teacher’s guide has been provided in order to help teachers perform their teachings effectively. The teacher’s guide has included teaching techniques of each step of the lessons. There are also some instructions of using teaching aids and some suggestions for teachers and students how to create teaching aids for their own classes. However, the textbook is produced under the time pressure; therefore, some minor errors could not be avoided. The Foreign Language Research and Resource Centre highly appreciates all comments and suggestions from textbook users and those are considered as a great contribution to the quality assurance of the textbook as well as to the development of the Lao National Education. The Research Institute for Educational Sciences avails itself of this opportunity to express its sincere thanks to all contributors. Research Institute for Educational Sciences 7eoe xB,c[[IPorklkva’dyfle]a[-Ao,afmtpq,gs^A,oUc,oj xB,gs^A,muluj.o9eo;og9afgsA^,muwj fh0Po0Bo grnjv8v[Ia[ot3p[kpxt8yI6[]t[q[lk,aolbdlk0v’dt-;’lbdlkmydko c]t dy]k9kd!!xu,kgxao!@xuIPoD .odkoxt8yI6[]t[q[dkoldb lk.\\oj Udt-;'lbdlkmydko c]t dy]kwfh8qd]q'gru,j xuIPovud ! xug0Qk.os^adl6f-Ao,af mtpq,lbdlk-bj'dkoIPo{dkolvo9tg]u,j c8lj qdIPo@WW_{@W!W gxao8QowxD grnjvxt8y[afot3p[kpfaj'dkj ;.shxtdqf gxao9y'l6o7Qo7;hk c]t lq'j glu,rklk8kj 'xtgmf.olt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlkF 3fplq,mq[da[7tot vadlvolkf0v’,tsk;ymtpkw]cs'j -kfwfh9afmu,'kogrnvj rafmtoks^adl6fF xN,c[[IPo c]t 76,j n76rklkva'dyf -Ao,afmtpq,0BoF 3fpc,jodko-;j pgs^nv9kd37’dkorafmtokdkolbdlk0AorNo4ko Basic Education Sector Development Project (BESDP)D 7P’7j6da[xB,c[[IPogs^A,oUpa’xtdv[,uxB,7j6,n76grnjv-;j p.sh76lk,kfxt8y[afdkolyflvo1kj ’,uxt lyfmyzqoD .oxB,76j,n76wfhcotoe0Ao8vodkolyflvo0v’c8]j t[qfIPoD ovdoAopa’,udkocotoedko.-hv5xt dvodkolvo c]t dkoxtfyfv5xtdvodkolvo{dkoIPo3fp76 c]t oadIPovudfh;pD g4y’1kj ’.fd=fu xB,c[[IPooUwfhlhk’0Bo.oltrk[vaoIu[fj;o9’jb [+vkfxklt9kdwfh0h=0kf8qd[qdzvj ’ [k’xtdkoD ltoAo 9b’j 0=ltg|u,kpa’76 c]t zh6oerkoadIPo.odkooe.-hxB,4hkgsao;kj ly’j .flq,7;oxa[x5’ c]t fafcdhdt]5oklqj’7e7yfgsao0v’mkj o,kpa’lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlkgrnvj 9twfhxa[x5’.shfu 0Bo.o0Ao8+wxD m5d7e7yfgsao0v’[aofkmkj o]h;o c8jgxaodkoxtdv[lj;og0Qk.odkorafmtokdkolbdlk0v’ ]k;.shoa[,N,u7o5 otrk[fupy’j 0BoD lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk0=ltcf’7;k,0v[.9]j;’|hk,k pa’m5dM mjkoot3vdkfoUf;hpD lt4k[ao7Qo7;hk;ymtpklkfdkolbdlk I

contents I II Introduction...................................................................................................... Contents ........................................................................................................ Unit 1 THE FOOD 1 Lesson 1 The food we need .......................................................... 1 Lesson 2 Like and dislike ............................................................. 6 Lesson 3 Offering advice ................................................................ 11 Unit 2 TRAVELLING 17 Lesson 1 Tourist sites .................................................................... 17 Lesson 2 The old capital ................................................................ 22 Lesson 3 My best ............................................................ 26 Unit 3 HOW IS IT MADE? 29 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Lesson 1 Lao weaving ................................................................. 29 Lesson 2 Rice growing ................................................................. 33 Lesson 3 Things found ............................................................. 38 Unit 4 A PICNIC 43 Lesson 1 Planning an outing ........................................................ 43 Lesson 2 The zoo ........................................................................ 49 Lesson 3 Asking for permission ................................................. 54 Unit 5 REVISION 59 A Grammar ................................................................................ 59 B Vocabulary ......................................................................... 63 C Dialogue .................................................................................. 65 Unit 6 PEOPLE FROM THE PAST 66 Lesson 1 Prince Souphanouvong—part 1 ................................. 66 Lesson 2 Prince Souphanouvong—part 2 ..................................... 73 Lesson 3 Ho Chi Minh ................................................................. 80 148 II

Unit 7 PEOPLE IN OUR LIVES 85 Lesson 1 My best friend ............................................................ 85 Lesson 2 My photo album ............................................................. 90 Lesson A kind and generous person .......................................... 94 Unit 8 FEELINGS 99 Lesson 1 I’m upset! ...................................................................... 99 Lesson 2 Hobbies ........................................................................ 103 Lesson 3 Interests ......................................................................... 108 Unit 9 SCHOOL SPORTS 112 Lesson 1 The sports carnival ........................................................ 112 Lesson 2 An exciting football match .......................................... 117 Lesson 3 Congratulations! ............................................................ 121 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Unit 10 I’LL MISS LAOS 124 Lesson 1 A personal letter ............................................................ 124 Lesson 2 Jennifer’s future ......................................................... 130 Lesson 3 Goodbye and good luck! ............................................... 135 Unit 11 REVISION 138 A. Grammar ................................................................................ 138 B. Vocabulary .......................................................................... 143 C. Dialogues ................................................................................ 145 References ...................................................................................................... 147 III 149

Unit One Unit 1 any thing you want to be TtoHpicEokFOOD Lesson 1 The food we need In this lesson students learn how to give advice by using “should” and “shouldn’t”. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. cabbage zaddt]Oxu proteins mkf3xi8uo pumpkin |kd2ad}\\kdvb carbohydrate mkfcxh’ should 7;o9t eggplant |kdg0nv shouldn’t [+7;o9t shrimp dh5’ fat mkfw0,ao snail svp soya milk oEg8qkI6h flour cxh’ taro gznvd healthy food vkskomu,j umkf[e]5’ trouble [aosk vitamin mkf;y8k,yo ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ lettuce zaddkfF zadlts^af mineral cImj kf oil oE,ao pickled food vkskofv’ 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Read and translate Read the text and translate it into Lao. The food we need Every day we have to eat and drink. It’s important that we eat the right balance of food. There are five food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and fats and oils. We get some proteins from vegetables, for example, green, black and yellow beans, and soya milk. We gain lots of proteins from animals. Proteins are found in beef, pork, chicken, fish, shrimps, snails, eggs and milk. Carbohydrates are found in rice, flour, sugar, taro, sweet corn and fruit.

ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລຂິ ະສດິ

4. Read and List Unit 1 Write the names of foods in the correct groups. Example: carbohydrates vitamins minerals fats + oils proteins rice banana banana vegetable oil fish ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. Read and write Read the text again and answer the following questions. 1. How many groups of food do people usually eat? …………………………………………………………………………. 2. Where do people usually get proteins from? …………………………………………………………………………. 3. What kinds of vegetables do a lot of proteins contain in? …………………………………………………………………………. 4. Where could people get carbohydrates from? …………………………………………………………………………. 5. What kinds of food do lots of vitamins and minerals contain in? ………………………………………………………………………….

Unit 1 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 6. Listen and say Listen and say whether the sentence is “True” or “False”. 1. It is important for people to eat and drink everyday. …………… 2. Carbohydrates are found in beef, pork, chicken, fish, snails and milk. …………… 3. Proteins are found in rice, flour, sugar, taro, sweet corn and fruit. …………… 4. Doctors recommend that fats and oils from vegetables are better for us. …………… 5. Eating a lot of fat from pork, beef and cheese is good for our health. …………… 7. Listen and complete Listen to the text and fill in the missing words. The food we need Every day we have to (1) _________ and drink. It’s important that we eat the right (2) _________ of food. There are (3) _________ food groups: proteins, carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and fats and oils. We get some (4) _________ from (5) _________, for example, green, black yellow beans, and soya milk. We gain lots of proteins from (6) _________. Proteins are found in beef, pork, chicken, fish, shrimps, snails, eggs and milk. (7) _________ are found in rice, flour, sugar, taro, sweet corn and fruits. Fats and (8) _________ are also gained from vegetables and (9) _________. Eating too much (10) _________ from pork, beef and cheese is not good for our health and our hearts. Doctors think that fats and oils from (11) _________ are better for us. (12) _________ and vegetables, such as bananas, papayas, pineapples, watermelons, pumpkins, lettuces, cabbages, eggplants and tomatoes, (13) _________ lots of vitamins and minerals. These five (14) _________ groups are very important and necessary for our growth and for a healthy body. We should have the (15) _________balance of these foods every day.

8. Listen and practise Unit 1 Giving suggestions. Listen to the dialogue and practise it in pairs. Doctor: Hello Somphone. How do you feel? ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Somphone: Well, I feel better. But I’m still having some problems with my stomach. What should I do? Doctor: You should eat healthy food. You should eat fruits, vegetables, eggs, meat, fish, and etc. Somphone: What kind of food shouldn’t I eat? Doctor: You shouldn’t eat a lot of fats and pickled food. Somphone: What about drinks? Doctor: You should drink boiled water, milk and fruit juice. Somphone: What else should I do, doctor? Doctor: You should do exercises regularly. It’s good for your health. Somphone: Thank you very much for your advice, doctor. Doctor: You’re welcome. 9. Listen and say Listen and say whether the following sentences are “True” or “False”. Example: 1. A: Somphone is better. B: True. 2. A: Somphone is at school. B: False. He is at the hospital. 1. Somphone doesn’t need the doctor’s advice. 2. Somphone shouldn’t eat meat and eggs. 3. The doctor advises Somphone to eat a lot of fats. 4. Somphone should drink a lot of boiled water, milk and fruit juice. 5. Doing exercises is good for your health. 10. Game — spelling contest Your teacher will tell you how to play this game.

Unit 1 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Lesson 2 Like and dislike In this lesson students learn how to express “likes” and “dislikes”. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. grill xU’ like ,ad beefsteak fkf-Uo’q; noodle soup g0Qkxh5o chilli |kdgzaf rambutan |kdg’kt dislike [+,ad salad pe fried rice g0QkzafF g0Qk0Q; sticky rice g0Qk\\P; 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Look and write Look at the example and write your own sentences about what you “like” and “dislike”. Example: 1. I like spicy food. 2. I dislike fat and oily foods. 3. ………………………………………………………………………… 4. ………………………………………………………………………… 5. ………………………………………………………………………… 6. ………………………………………………………………………… 7. ………………………………………………………………………… 8. ………………………………………………………………………… 9. ………………………………………………………………………… 10. ……………………………………………………………………… 4. Read and match Read the words in the box and match them with the correct pictures. ice cream fried rice beefsteak fruit cake salad grilled chicken noodle soup sticky rice orange

Unit 1 1. fried rice 2. …………………… 3. ………………………. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 4. …………………… 5. ……………………. 6. ……………………… 7. ……………………… 8. ………………………………… 5. Listen and say Use information from the above pictures to ask your partner about what he/she likes. Example: 1. A: Do you like fried rice? B: Yes, I do.

Unit 12. A:Would you like some fried rice? B: Yes, please. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດWould you like some cake? 3. A: No, thanks. B: 6. Listen and practise Listen and practise the dialogue in pairs. Having lunch at a restaurant Somphone: What do you think of Lao food, Jenny? Jennifer: Well, I like some things, but not everything. Somphone: What kind of Lao food do you like? Jennifer: I like sticky rice and grilled chicken. Somphone: And what do you dislike? Jennifer: I dislike papaya salad. I can’t eat the spicy food. What I really like is the fruit like pineapples, bananas, orange… Somphone: There is fresh and good fruit salad in this restaurant. Would you like some? Jennifer: Oh, yes please! 7. Ask and answer Put a tick 5 for what Jennifer “likes” and a cross 7 for what she “dislikes”. Example: A: Does Jennifer like sticky rice? B: Yes, she does. Food Jennifer sticky rice 5 papaya salad bananas grilled chicken spicy food orange

8. Ask and answer Unit 1 (Class survey) Use the following table to interview three of your classmates. Put a tick 5 for “likes” and a cross 7 for “dislikes” Example: A: Do you like fried rice? B: Yes, I do. A: Do you like grilled chicken? B: No, I don’t. A: Do you like cake? B: Yes, I do. A: Do you like pork? B: No, I don’t. A: Do you like lobster? B: Yes, I do. Food Name 1 ... Name 2 … Nam 3 … fried rice 5 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ grilled chicken fruit 7 ice-cream salad 5 noodle soup cake 7 beefsteak 5 papaya salad fish chicken pork lobster spicy foods 9. Look and say Use the information from the above table to report to the class orally. Example: 1. name 1 likes fried rice, cake and lobster but he/she dislikes grilled chicken and pork.

10. Let’s chantUnit 1 Listen and practise with the teacher. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Food I like to eat Some milk, an apple and a plate of eggs That’s what I like for breakfast. A steak, a bowl of soup, some rice and some fruit That’s what I like for lunch. Grilled chicken, chilli sauce, some sticky rice and a banana That’s what I like for dinner. But now it’s late, and I’m hungry again. What can I have for a snack? 10

Lesson 3 Offering advice Unit 1 In this lesson students learn more about the present simple tense and adverbs of frequency: “always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely and never.” 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. always g]NvpM never [+g7up besides ovd9kd often g]NvpM brush once 7A’fP; calcium 46 / lu rarely skpkdF |hvp7A' change mkfdko-P, sometimes [k’7A’ decay xPj o toothbrush cx’46c0h; dentist r5 twice lv’7A’ iron mao8tcrf usually 3fpxqddt8y ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ gs^ad / mkfgs^ad 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Read and choose Read each sentence under each picture and circle the correct verb form. Example: 1. He always brushes his teeth twice a day. 1. He always brush/brushes his 2. She usually change/changes her teeth twice a day toothbrush every three months. 11

Unit 13. He go/goes to the dentist every 4. They sometimes eat/eats. six months. ice cream ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. He often drink/drinks water after eating. 6. They rarely eat/eats sweets. 4. Grammar note Object The Simple Present Tense Object Form: Subject + V1(s) + fresh fruit. Subject V1(s) I eat You We eats They He She Khamsone It Example: 1. I eat fresh fruit. 12

2. Khamsone eats fresh fruit. Unit 1 3. They eat fresh fruit. 4. It eats fresh fruit. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. You eat fresh fruit. 5. Read and translate Read the text and translate it into Lao. Daravone’s teeth Daravone is Somphone’s sister. She has never got a toothache. She brushes her teeth twice a day in the morning and before going to bed. She usually changes her toothbrush every three months. Her mother takes her to the dentist every six months. Besides this, she also takes care of her teeth by drinking milk and eating fruits and vegetables, which are rich in calcium, iron and vitamins. She rarely eats sweets, which cause tooth decay. She always drinks water after eating. Healthy teeth are important for everybody, so we should take care of our teeth. 6. Ask and answer Read the text and answer the following questions. Example: A: Who is Daravone? B: Somphone’s sister. 1. Has Daravone ever got a toothache? ……………………………………………………………………………. 2. How often does she change her toothbrush? ……………………………………………………………………………. 3. How often does she brush her teeth? ……………………………………………………………………………. 4. Who takes Daravone to the dentist? ……………………………………………………………………………. 13

Unit 1 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. What kind of drink and food does she like? ……………………………………………………………………………. 6. Why does she drink milk? ……………………………………………………………………………. 7. Listen and say (Class survey) Use the table below to interview three of your classmates. Example: A: How often do you brush your teeth? B: I brush my teeth three times a day. How often do you…? Name……… Name……… Name……. 14

Unit 1 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 8. Say and write Say sentences to your partner about the people you’ve interviewed. Then write them in your notebooks. Example: A: Kham brushes his teeth three times a day. A and B write the sentence in their notebooks. 9. Grammar note “should” and “shouldn’t” I should eat a lot of fruit. You drink too much coffee. He / she shouldn’t We (should not) You They 15

Unit 1“like” and “would like” Yes, I do. No, I don’t. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດDo you like orange juice? Do you like coffee? Would you like some orange juice? Yes, please. Would you like some coffee? No, thanks. I like… = 0hvp,ad I would like… = 0hvp1kd Adverbs and expressions of frequency always usually often sometimes rarely never 100% 0% I You always eat(s) rice for breakfast. He/She usually We often You sometimes They rarely never once (= one time) put at the end of a sentence. twice (= two times) three times four times every… Example: 1. I brush my teeth twice a day. 2. I visit my uncle three times a week. 3. I drink coffee every morning. 16

Unit Two Unit 1 any thing you want to bTe tRopAicVoEkLLING Lesson 1 Tourist sites In this lesson students learn how to ask for and give advice about where to visit in Laos, using “should” and “ought to”. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. ought to 7;o9t Plain of Jars mqj’wssuo adult z6h.spj litter 4U,0UgspNv-t-kp advice 7ecotoe suggestion 7ecotoe 2. Listen and repeat ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Grammar note Should + V1 (infinitive) Ought to + V1 (infinitive) Example: 1. Children should sleep earlier than adults. 2. We should eat healthy food. 3. Students ought to do their homework. 4. We shouldn’t litter in the public areas. 5. Students should keep their classrooms clean. 4. Listen and practise Listen and practise the dialogue. 17

Unit 2Jennifer: Somphone’s advice ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດSomphone:Somphone, could you please give me some advice about Jennifer: interesting places in Laos? Yes, sure. Are you going on holiday? Somphone: Yes, we are. Our family has a three-day holiday plan. But we Jennifer: don’t know where we should go. Somphone: Actually, there are many beautiful places to visit in Laos. That’s great. Where are they? Jennifer: Well, in the south there is a big waterfall called Somphone: Khonephapheng. It is the biggest one in South East Asia. Jennifer: That looks interesting. Anywhere else? Somphone: Another place in Champassack is Wat Phou. How about in the northern part of Laos? Jennifer: Well, there is the Plain of Jars in Xiengkhouang. There are also some wonderful things to see in Luang Prabang. Somphone: Well, I can’t decide where we should go. What is your suggestion, Somphone? Jennifer: Well, I think you ought to go to Luang Prabang. I’ve got Somphone: some information about it. I’ll give it to you later. Thanks a lot, Somphone. You’re welcome. 5. Read and write True or False Read the conversation in Exercise 4 and say whether the following sentences are “True” or “False”. Example: A: Jennifer’s family is planning to go on holiday. B: True A: Jennifer gives Somphone some advice. B: False. Somphone gives Jennifer some advice. 1. Somphone is going on holiday. …….. 2. Jennifer can’t decide where she should visit. …….. 3. Khonephapheng is the smallest waterfall in South East Asia. ……. 4. The Plain of Jars is in Xiengkhouang. …….. 5. Xiengkhouang is in the southern part of Laos. …….. 6. Somphone advises Jennifer to go to Luang Prabang. …….. 18

6. Ask and answer Unit 2 Use “ought to” and “should” to ask and answer questions about the pictures below. Example: A: Where should I go in Vientiane? B: I think you ought to/should go That Luang. Vientiane ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Xiengkhouang 19

Unit 2LuangprabangChampasack ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 7. Read and complete Read and complete the following short dialogues using “should” and “ought to”. A: What (1) should I visit in the southern part of Laos? B: I think you (2) _______ ___ visit Wat Phou. A: (3) _________ I go to Khonephapheng? B: I think you (4) ________and you (5) ________ ____ go to Tadset, too. A: (6) _________ I go to Tadset by bus? B: I think you (7) ________ ______ go by car. 8. Write Write two paragraphs. One about a place you’ve visited. Another one about a place you think you should/ought to visit. Paragraph 1: During the school vacation last year, my family and I went to……………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………… 20

Paragraph 2: For our holiday this year, we should/ought to go Unit 2 to…………..…………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………. 21

Unit 2 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Lesson 2 The old capital In this lesson students learn to describe places. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. capital city g,nv’gvd}ot7vos^;’ preserve vto5]ad}xqdxadIadlk concrete -u,a’mujxtlq,c]h; XsuoF -kpDDD? site lt4komuj culture ;afmtotme situate 8A’16j custom Iuf7v’ stilt glqkgInvo fabrics czoj cr surround vhv, s^n ]hv, heritage ,=]tfqd tradition xtgrou hospitable ,uoE.9gvNvg2Nvgrnjvczj verandas ]t[P’ pattern ]kp X]kp0v’czjocr? weaving 8jezhk}8jes6d 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Read and translate Read the text and translate it into Lao. Luang Prabang Luang Prabang is the beautiful old capital city of Laos. It is a World 22

Heritage site. It is situated in the north and surrounded by mountains. Lao Unit 2 customs, traditions and culture are well preserved in Luang Prabang. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Luang Prabang has got more temples than other cities in Laos, for example, That Phousy, Wat Xiengthong, Wat Vixoun, and Wat Phon Phao. Ban Phanom is a famous weaving village in Luang Prabang. The local people make a variety of traditional patterns and colourful fabrics. Every year there are interesting traditional celebrations such as the boat racing festival and Pi Mai Lao. The people of Luang Prabang have delicious traditional food as well: orlarm and jeobong. Many people say that Luang Prabang is the most beautiful city in Laos, full of old customs, traditions and culture. The people are very kind, friendly and hospitable. 4. Listen and complete Listen to the teacher and fill in the missing words. Luang Prabang Luang Prabang is the beautiful (1) _________ capital city of Laos. It is a World Heritage site. It is situated in the north, surrounded by mountains. Lao (2) _________, traditions and culture are well preserved in Luang Prabang. Luang Prabang has got more (3) _________ than other cities in Laos, for example, That Phousy, Wat Xiengthong, Wat Vixoun, and Wat Phon Phao. Ban Phanom is a (4) _________ weaving village in Luang Prabang. The local people make a variety of traditional (5) _________ and colourful fabrics. Every year there are interesting traditional (6) _________ such as the (7) _________ racing festival and (8) ______________. The people of Luang Prabang have (9) _________ traditional food as well: orlarm and jeobong. Many people say that (10) _________ is the most beautiful city in Laos, full of old customs, traditions and (11) _________. The people are very kind, friendly and (12) _________. 23

Unit 2 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. Read and choose Read the following sentences and underline the adjectives in each sentence as the example below. 1. There are many wonderful places in Luang Prabang. 2. Luang Prabang has more old temples than other cities in Laos. 3. Wat Xiengthong is a beautiful temple in Luang Prabang. 4. Ban Phanom is famous for weaving. 5. Every year there are a lot of traditional celebrations held in Luang Prabang. 6. Jeobong and orlarm from Luang Prabang are delicious. 7. Luang Prabang people are hospitable. 6. Look and say Look at the pictures below and describe what you see. This is a traditional Lao house. It has a large veranda. It is built on stilts…………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… n ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… ………………………………… o This is a modern house. It is made of concrete. It is built on the 24 ground. It has glass windows………….……………… …………………………………... …………………………………... …………………………………... …………………………………... …………………………………... …………………………………... …………………………………...

7. Write Unit 2 Write two paragraphs to describe the place or city where you live. Use theສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ adjectives you have learnt. Paragraph 1 …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. Paragraph 2 …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. …………………………………………………………………………….. 25

Unit 2Lesson 3 My best holiday ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ In this lesson students revise the simple past tense and the present perfect tense. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. cave 4eh souvenirs 0v’muj]tobd climbed up xuo0Bo delicious c-[ starting point 95fg]uj,8Qo 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Listen and practise Listen to the teacher and practise the dialogue in pairs. Jennifer talks to Somphone about her holiday. Jennifer: Hi, Somphone! Somphone: Hi, Jenny. How was your holiday? Jennifer: It was wonderful. Somphone: So, tell me about it. Jennifer: As you suggested we flew to Luang Prabang. Somphone: Did you visit the former Royal Palace? Jennifer: Yes, we did. We went there on Friday morning and climbed up Phousy in the afternoon. Somphone: Where else did you go? Jennifer: We went to Thamting cave. Somphone: How did you get there? Jennifer: We went there by boat. It took us about two hours to get there. Somphone: Did you go to any other places? Jennifer: On the last day, we went to Ban Phanom to buy some fabrics and souvenirs. Somphone: When did you fly back? Jennifer: We flew back yesterday afternoon. Somphone: So, you enjoyed your holiday. Jennifer: Yes, very much. It was the best holiday I’ve ever had. And I’ve got a souvenir for you, too. Somphone: That’s very kind of you. Thanks. 26

4. Listen and say Unit 2 Listen and answer the following questions. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Example: A: Where did Jennifer go on holiday? B: She went to Luang Prabang. 1. Did Jennifer go on holiday alone? 2. How did Jennifer and her family get to Luang Prabang? 3. Where did they go first? 4. Did they visit That Phousy? 5. Did they visit Thamting? 6. Did Jennifer enjoy her trip? 5. Read and practise Read and practise the following sentences. 1. This is the best holiday I’ve ever had. 2. This is the nicest present I’ve ever received. 3. This is the most wonderful old city I’ve ever seen. 4. This is the most delicious food I’ve ever eaten. 5. This is the most beautiful place I’ve ever visited. 6. Look and say Look at the pictures to ask and answer questions using the words under the pictures. Example: A: What’s the best way to get to Thamting cave? B: By boat. Thamting (boat) 27

Unit 2Wat Xiengthong Former Royal Palace (car or on foot) (car or tuk-tuk) ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Wat Phousy (on foot) Wat Phon Phao (car or tuk-tuk) 7. Write Write a paragraph about the best holiday you’ve ever had. Write about a real holiday, or use your imagination. Example: Last year, I went to……………………………………………..…………… ………………………………………………………………………………. ……………………………………………………………………………… ……………………………………………………………………………… …………………………………………………………………………….... 28

Unit Three Unit 1 any thing you want to bHeOtoWpic IoSk IT MADE? Lesson 1 Lao weaving In this lesson students learn how to talk about weaving, using passive verbs and some logical connectors: firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. collect Iu[3I, loom duj X8ej s6d? occasion ;k]t3vdkf dye phv,lu piece czoj F znoF 8vo prepare dtdP,F shk’sk frame gInvos6d ready dP,rhv, set up d+8A’0Bo gain Ia[ thread glAow\\F glAo/hkp ]5ho7qo weave 8ej czoj cr generation wooden shuttle dtl;p reel s^vf/hkp handicraft saf4tde ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ hand-woven 8ej czoj crfh;p,n hobby lyj’mu,j adgIaf.og;]ks;kj ’ income ]kpIa[ s^n ]kpwfh spinning wheel s]kg0ao/hkp 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Point and say Point at the pictures and say their names in English. 1. weaving 2. ……………… 29

Unit 33. ………………4. ………………….. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ5. ………………6. …………………. 4. Read and translate Read the text and translate it into Lao. Weaving Weaving is a traditional handicraft which has been passed on by Lao women from one generation to another. This activity helps women to gain more income for their families. Some women do it as a hobby. There are many steps in weaving. Firstly, all the tools are collected and prepared, then they are set up ready for the weaving to begin. Secondly, patterns and colours are chosen, and the threads are dyed in the colours needed. The threads are often dyed in traditional ways. Thirdly, after everything is prepared, the threads are placed in the frame of the loom. After that, the weaving begins. Different weavings take different lengths of time depending on how difficult or easy the patterns are. For example, a length of 10 sinhs takes about one month. Finally, after the length is completed, the fabric is cut into pieces for sinhs, table cloths and many other uses. Then the hand-woven pieces are ready to be used or sold. 5. Read and practise Read the following sentences to your partner. 1. Weaving has been passed on by Lao women from one generation to another. 2. All the tools are collected and prepared. 30

3. After the patterns are chosen, the threads are dyed in the colours we Unit 3 need. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 4. The threads are placed in the frame of the loom. 5. After the weaving is finished, the fabric is cut into sinh lengths. 6. The pieces are ready to be used or sold in the shop. 6. Read and answer Read the text in Exercise 4 and answer the following questions. 1. What is weaving? ………………………………………………………………………… 2. How does the weaving activity help Lao women? ………………………………………………………………………... 3. How many steps are involved in the weaving procedure? ………………………………………………………………………... 4. What do the weavers do after the length is completed? ……………………………………………………………………….. 5. How do the weavers dye the threads? ………………………………………………………………………... 7. Listen and complete Listen to the teacher and fill in the gaps. Weaving Weaving is a traditional (1) _________ which has been passed on by Lao (2) _________ from one generation to another. This activity helps women to gain more (3) _________ for their families. Some women do it as a (4) _________. There are many (5) _________ in weaving. Firstly, all the tools (6) _________ _________ and prepared, then they are set up ready for the weaving to begin. Secondly, (7) _________ and colours are chosen, and the threads are dyed in the colours needed. The threads are often dyed in traditional ways. Thirdly, after everything (8) _________ _________, the threads are placed in the frame of the (9) _________. After that, the weaving begins. Different weavings take different lengths of (10) _________ depending on how difficult or easy the patterns are. For example, a length of 10 sinhs takes about one (11) _________. Finally, after the length is completed, the (12) _________ is cut into pieces for sinhs, table cloths and many other uses. Then, the hand-woven pieces are ready to (13) _________ _________ or sold. 31

Unit 38. Grammar note ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດPresent passive voice. Subject To be Past participle (V3) The classroom is cleaned every day. Vegetables are sold at the market. Plum pudding is eaten at Christmas. 9. Write Write the correct passive verbs in the blanks using the verbs in the brackets. Look at the list of past participles (V3) below. Example: The loom ____________ (make) of wood. The loom is made of wood. 1. Letters ____________ (send) by mail. 2. Sinhs ____________ (weave) by Lao women. 3. Sinhs ____________ (wear) by women. 4. A silk scarf ____________ (use) on special occasions. 5. The patterns of Lao fabrics ____________ (design) by Lao women. Infinitive (V1) Past tense(V2) Past participle (V3) clean cleaned cleaned sell sold sold eat ate eaten make made made send sent sent weave wove woven wear wore worn use used used design designed designed 32

Lesson 2 Rice growing Unit 3 In this lesson students learn how to talk about rice growing. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. barn g]Qkg0Qk rainy season ]tf6/qo buffalo 7;kp replant feok harrow 7kfF 7kfok seed co;rao harvest djP;g0Qk seedling 8Qodhk irrigation -qo]txtmko sickle djP; patience 7;k,vqfmqo soak ,kj F c-j.loj E plough w4F w4ok sow s;kj odhk pull up the seedling s^qddhk 2. Listen and repeat ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Look and write Write the words (from Exercise 1) under the correct picture. Example: Picture 7 a harrow 1……………………. 2. ……………………… 3…………………….. 4. ……………………. 33

Unit 35. …………………… 6. ……………………… ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 7……………………… 8. ……………………… 9. ……………………… 10. ……………………… 34

4. Read and translate Unit 3 Read the text and translate it into Lao. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ How rice is grown Rice is one of the main foods of the Lao people. In the past, rice was normally grown once a year in the rainy season. This is because rice needs a lot of water. But now rice can be grown twice a year with the help of irrigation. Growing rice takes time, patience and hard work. How is rice grown? Firstly, some of the land is ploughed and harrowed with the help of buffaloes. The rice seeds are soaked in water for three days, then they are sown. The next step is replanting. The rice fields are ploughed and harrowed. The seedlings, after growing for thirty to forty days, are pulled up. Then they are replanted in the prepared soil. The farmers have to look after the rice plants for three to four months, while they are growing. The final step is harvesting. The rice is cut, collected, and stored in a barn. 5. Read and write Read the text and put the pictures in Exercise 3 in the right order according to the process on how rice is grown. The first one has been done for you. ..8... …... …... …... …... …... …... …... …... …... 6. Read and say (True or False) Read the following sentences and say whether it is “True” or “False”. Example: 1. A: Rice is one of the main foods of the Lao people. B: True. 35

Unit 32. B: In the past, rice was always grown twice a year. A: False. In the past, rice was normally grown once a year. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 1. Growing rice needs a lot of water. …….. 2. The dry season is the best time for planting. …….. 3. Growing rice doesn’t need patience and hard work. …….. 4. A plough and a harrow are pulled by people. …….. 5. The seeds are soaked for three days before sowing. …….. 6. After replanting the rice, the farmers do not have to do anything. …….. 7. Rice grows for three to four months before it is harvested. …….. 8. The rice is collected and kept in a barn. …….. 7. Write Write about the process of how vegetables, flowers or plants are grown. The diagram and words will help you. Example: Firstly, the plants are chosen. Secondly, … 1 2 firstly secondly choose plants prepare the soil 3 4 next after that put the plants cover the roots into the soil with soil 5 6 then finally water the plants take care of the plants 36

8. A song Unit 3 Farmer Bounta Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O And on his farm he has some chickens, E – I – E – I – O With a chick-chick here, a chick-chick there Here a chick, there a chick, everywhere a chick-chick Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O And on his farm he has some cows, E – I – E – I – O With a moo-moo here, a moo-moo there Here a moo, there a moo, everywhere a moo-moo Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ And on his farm he has some horses, E – I – E – I – O With a neigh-neigh here, a neigh-neigh there Here a neigh, there a neigh, everywhere a neigh-neigh Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O And on his farm he has some ducks, E – I – E – I – O With a quack-quack here, a quack-quack there Here a quack, there a quack, everywhere a quack-quack Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O And on his farm he has some pigs, E – I – E – I – O With an oink-oink here, an oink-oink there Here an oink, there a oink, everywhere an oink-oink Farmer Bounta has a farm, E – I – E – I – O 37

Unit 3 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Lesson 3 Things found In this lesson students learn how to use the present perfect passive. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. apology 0=3mfF 0=vkwr fix cx’ leather |a’ paint luF mklu mistake 7;k,zyf find rq[F gsaoF -vdsk similar 7hkp7n front door xt86|hk broken down gxgj r quite 0jvo0hk’ dark ,nf 2. Listen and repeat Listen and repeat after the teacher. 3. Grammar note Present Perfect (Passive Form) Form Subject + have/has + been + V3 (past participle) Example My shoes have been found. The TV has been fixed. My car has been washed. My house has been painted. The food has been cooked. 4. Read and practise Read the following sentences and practise with your partner. 1. A: I lost my shoes last week. B: Have they been found? A: Yes, they have been foond. 2. A: He lost his pen two days ago. B: Has it been found? A: No, it hasn’t been found yet. 38

3. A: She borrowed some textbooks from me last week. Unit 3 B: Have they been brought back? A: No, they haven’t been brought back yet. 4. A: I left my English textbook in the school yard yesterday. B: Has it been brought back to you? A: Yes, it has been brought back to me. 5. A: My computer was broken down two weeks ago. B: Has it been fixed? A: No, it hasn’t been fixed yet. 5. Listen and practise Read the dialogue and practise in pairs. Jennifer: I have lost my shoes ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Somphone: Excuse me, Somphone. I can’t find my shoes. Could you Jennifer: help me, please? Somphone: Where did you leave them? Jennifer: I left them outside, at the front door. Somphone: What colour are they? Jennifer: They are black. Somphone: What are they made of? Jennifer: They’re made of leather. Somphone: Are they new? Jennifer: No, not really. I bought them before I left Australia. OK, let me ask some people here. That’s a good idea. I think they’ve been taken by mistake. 6. Ask and answer Ask and answer questions about the dialogue in Exercise 5. Example: A: Whose shoes have been lost? B: Jennifer’s. 1. Where did Jennifer leave her shoes? 2. What colour are they? 3. What are they made of? 4. Are the shoes new? 5. Where did Jennifer buy her shoes? 6. Have they been found yet? 39

7. Listen and completeUnit 3 Read and complete the dialogue. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ My shoes have been found. Somphone: Jenny! I’ve (1) _________ good news for you. Jennifer: That’s great. (2) _________ is it? Somphone: Your shoes have (3) _________ found. Jennifer: Really? Where were they (4) _________? Somphone: At Bouasy’s house. She’s (5) ________brother’s girlfriend. Jennifer: What (6) _________ ? Somphone: She said that when she (7) _________ the party, it was quite dark. Your (8) _________ are similar to hers, and she Jennifer: (9) _________ them by mistake. She sends you her Somphone: apologies. Jennifer: That’s (10) _________. Here (11) ______ are! Thanks a (12) _____ 8. Write and say Look at the pictures and complete the sentences according to the pictures, then read them to the class. The first one has been done for you. 5 = found 4= not found yet 1. (I / yesterday) 5 I lost my pencil case yesterday. It has been found. 2. (my sister / last week) 4 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 40

Unit 3 3. (my uncle / two weeks ago) 4 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 4. (I / last Monday) 5 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 5. (my father / last year) 4 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 6. (my mother / yesterday) 5 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 41

Unit 3 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 7. (I / this morning) 5 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 8. (my friend / yesterday) 5 ……………………………………… ……………………………………… 9. (my friend / yesterday) 5 ….……………………………. ……………………………….. 42

Unit Four any thing you want to Abe toPpIiCc oNkIC Lesson 1 Planning an outing In this lesson students revise the future tense ‘will’ and learn how to make sentences using ‘if’. 1. Vocabulary Read and remember the meaning of the following words and expressions. cousin pkfruoj hv’ enough rP’r= day off ,Nrad if 4hk;jk take your sister with rkohv’lk;wxoe proud of r6,.9oe kilometres dy3]c,af trip dkogfuomk’ 2. Listen and repeat ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ Listen and repeat after the teacher. rklk0Po rklkg;Qk rklk0Po rklkg;Qk I will I’ll I will not I won’t you will you’ll you will not you won’t he will/she will he’ll/she’ll he/she will not he/she won’t we will we’ll we will not we won’t you will you’ll you will not you won’t they will they’ll they will not they won’t 3. Look and say Look at the pictures and answer the questions. “Where will you go?” or “What will you do?” 12 3 43

Unit 4 45 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 4. Read and practise Read the dialogue and practise it in pairs. Boy: What will you do on Saturday? Girl: I think I’ll go to the market. Boy: How will you get there? Girl: I’ll go by tuk-tuk. Boy: What will you buy? Girl: I’ll buy some new clothes. Boy: Will you have enough money? Girl: Yes, I will. Boy: Will you take your sister with you? Girl: No, I won’t. 5. Grammar note (Present Real Condition) Form 1. If + subject + V1 + …, subject + will + V1 + … 2. subject + will + V1 + if + subject + V1 + … Example 1. If it rains, we’ll go by bus. 2. We will go by bus if it rains. 6. Read and write Read the sentences and write your own sentences as an example given. Example: 1. If the weather is fine, we will go for a walk. 44

2. I will help you if you don’t mind. Unit 4 3. If we arrive in VangVieng, we will visit you. 4. I will ask you if I don’t understand these questions. 5. If you smoke a lot, you will stay shorter. 6. …………………………………………………………………………... 7. …………………………………………………………………………... 8. …………………………………………………………………………... 9. …………………………………………………………………………... 10. …………………………………………………………………………. 7. Choose and write Look at the examples: future “will” if + present We will go by car if the weather is good. ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ If + present future “will” If the weather is good, we will go by car. Now choose the correct verb and write the correct sentence. Example: If Somphone has/will have time, he’ll go to the zoo. = If Somphone has time, he’ll go to the zoo. 1. If Khamphanh has/will have a lot of money, he’ll buy a new car. ………………………………………………………………………... 2. If it rains, I stay/I’ll stay at home. ………………………………………………………………………... 3. They will go to the zoo if the weather will be/is fine. ………………………………………………………………………... 4. They’ll take lots of photos if they go/will go to the zoo. ………………………………………………………………………... 45

Unit 4 ສ.ວ.ສສະຫງວນລິຂະສິດ 5. What will you do if you have/will have questions? ………………………………………………………………………... 6. If you become/will become famous, we’ll be very proud of you. ………………………………………………………………………... 7. My mother is/will be very happy if her sister writes/will write her a letter. ………………………………………………………………………... 8. If I don’t feel well, I tell/will tell you. ………………………………………………………………………... 8. Listen and practise Listen and practise the dialogue. Somphone: Jennifer! Do you have any plans for this Friday? Jennifer: Well, I have to go to school. Our holidays are over. Somphone: Oh. Our family is planning a trip to the zoo. Can you take a day off and go with us? Jennifer: I’d love to, but I’ll have to ask my father and my teacher. Where is the zoo? Somphone: It’s not very far from here, about 50 kilometres. Jennifer: How will we get there? Somphone: We’ll go in my father’s car if the weather is fine, so that we can go to a lot of places. If it rains, we’ll go by bus. Jennifer: What time will we leave? Somphone: If the weather is fine, we’ll leave at 8 am. If it rains, we’ll leave at 10 am. Jennifer: OK. I’ll ask my father and my teacher. 46