["B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00f4i \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1, th\u00e0y t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o: \u201cS\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, tao t\u1eadu cho m\u00f3n ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5y\u201d. Tuy v\u1eady t\u00f4i v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ru\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y, ch\u1ecb d\u00e2u t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u1ea5y c\u00e0y l\u1ea5y hoa l\u1ee3i. Sau khi th\u00e0y t\u00f4i m\u1ea5t, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ch\u1ecb t\u00f4i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00f3n ru\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 c\u0169\u201d. Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng, \u00f4ng Gi\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 sinh ra \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng. C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng, t\u1eeb l\u00fac b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u g\u1eafn b\u00f3 v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. Khi nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft xu\u00f4i tay, t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn t\u00e1 t\u00fac trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u1ea7ng hai c\u1ee7a EFEO c\u0169 t\u1ea1i 26 L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1932, \u00f4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i tr\u00ean v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn v\u0103n nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII v\u00e0 Nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 Phan Huy Ch\u00fa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u00ec Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX c\u00f3 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1ec1 Th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c - Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc. L\u00e2u nay, do thi\u1ebfu th\u00f4ng tin n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3 d\u00e0nh cho Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu. Th\u1eadt ra kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00fang, v\u00ec m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1938, Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu m\u1edbi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia C\u1ed5 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc (Khoa l\u01b0u tr\u1eef v\u00e0 th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n). Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m v\u00e0 c\u1ed5 t\u00edch Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i EFEO. \u00d4ng r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd th\u1ee9c trong nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao d\u00e2n tr\u00ed v\u00e0 xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: \u201cC\u00f3 ra n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, m\u00ecnh m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y c\u00e0ng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n. N\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea5t d\u00e2n ngu, m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta nu\u00f4i d\u1ea1y th\u00ec l\u1ea1i quay l\u01b0ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1i hay c\u1ee7a cha \u00f4ng, c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c th\u00ec ch\u1ea1y theo c\u00e1i nh\u1ed1 nh\u0103ng v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1eadt bu\u1ed3n\u201d. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1edf Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u00f4ng c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u; d\u1ea1y H\u00e1n v\u0103n, Vi\u1ec7t v\u0103n \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u01b0; gi\u1ea3ng v\u1ec1 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i... Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i d\u1ea1y, vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o, tham gia phong tr\u00e0o x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1932-1935 khi phong tr\u00e0o ch\u1ea5n h\u01b0ng Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o r\u1ea7m r\u1ed9 di\u1ec5n ra t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 100","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00e1ch t\u1edd \u0110u\u1ed1c tu\u1ec7. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ch\u00e2n trong H\u1ed9i Khai tr\u00ed Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n... Qua \u0111o\u1ea1n t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Tin t\u1ee9c (s\u1ed1 9 ra th\u00e1ng 6-1938) v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ra m\u1eaft H\u1ed9i Truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p trong phong tr\u00e0o v\u0103n h\u00f3a y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc: \u201cDi\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 h\u00f4m \u0111\u00f3 (25\/5\/1938) c\u00f3 c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1, h\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Phan Thanh, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0y n\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. Ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 b\u00e0 V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Phan (t\u1ee9c n\u1eef s\u0129 H\u1eb1ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng) v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p n\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. B\u00e0i k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed t\u1ecda hoan ngh\u00eanh nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, \u00f4ng Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p nh\u1eafc qua l\u1ea1i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef. Ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng Gi\u00e1p n\u00f3i r\u00f5, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hoan ngh\u00eanh: 1. L\u1eadp c\u00e1c l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n. 2. L\u00e0m s\u00e1ch in cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n. \u00d4ng k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ch\u00fang ta tuy t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y \u0111i\u1ec1u nh\u01b0ng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c to t\u00e1t l\u1eafm, t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m l\u1eafm v\u00e0 l\u1ea1i c\u1ea7n k\u00edp n\u1eefa. N\u00e0o d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c n\u01a1i, n\u00e0o in s\u00e1ch bi\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y tr\u00f4ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u? Xin anh em m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed7i tay, m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi hy sinh m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 chung c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi, vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u00edch n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n, xin anh em k\u00edp h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta ch\u00f3ng c\u00f9ng nhau l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ea5y Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ti\u00ean phong trong phong tr\u00e0o di\u1ec7t d\u1ed1t l\u00fac \u1ea5y. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u1eadt l\u1ef1c b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 L\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o khoa c\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi th\u1ee7y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1918, V\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef (so\u1ea1n chung v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, V\u0169 Hy Tr\u00e1c). C\u00f2n nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n th\u00ec g\u1ed3m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n t\u00e0ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Ph\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean (xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i Tokyo), H\u00e1n v\u0103n tr\u00edch th\u00e1i di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a b\u1ea3n (so\u1ea1n chung v\u1edbi B\u00f9i K\u1ef7). Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eadt gi\u00e1o \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII, Ph\u00e1c th\u1ea3o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Ph\u1eadt 101","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM gi\u00e1o \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3... Cu\u1ed9c C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ed3i 9 n\u0103m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn qu\u1ed1c. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tham gia x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Trung h\u1ecdc Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00ean l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y m\u00f4n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1948, \u00f4ng d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng H\u00f9ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng (Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd) v.v... M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1957 \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n c\u01a1 s\u1edf EFEO. Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u1eddi, \u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch qu\u00fd nh\u01b0 M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam (8 t\u1eadp), m\u1ed7i t\u1eadp 250 trang; r\u1ed3i so\u1ea1n xong cu\u1ed1n V\u0103n bia Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 2 t\u1eadp g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh tr\u00ean 200 bia t\u1eeb th\u1eddi L\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 M\u1ea1c. V\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0103n bia, tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n t\u1eebng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0103n bia \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u khi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n \u0110\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t th\u00f4ng s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 17 b\u00e0i trong Ki\u1ebfn v\u0103n ti\u1ec3u l\u1ee5c; Cao Huy L\u00e3ng ch\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 82 v\u0103n bia \u1edf V\u0103n Mi\u1ebfu; Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n v\u1edbi 6 v\u0103n bia \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t. Bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n X\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia - \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m \u2013 ngu\u1ed3n t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2 t\u1eadp) v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean; \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1n L\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam (2 t\u1eadp). \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u1ebfu n\u0103m 1932, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft lu\u1eadn v\u0103n Nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a 102","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 Phan Huy Ch\u00fa l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u00fap cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m H\u00e1n v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam thu\u1ed9c m\u00f4n lo\u1ea1i th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc th\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p cho bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng thi\u00ean th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 Phan Huy Ch\u00fa l\u00e0m g\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i v\u00ec trong c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m \u0111\u00e3 thu nh\u1eb7t, gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ea3 th\u1ea3y 429 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. S\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 Phan Huy Ch\u00fa gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong V\u0103n t\u1ecbch ch\u00ed v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p b\u1ed1n l\u1ea7n s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u trong Ngh\u1ec7 v\u0103n ch\u00ed. V\u1ec1 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb th\u00f4ng tin, \u00f4ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng cung c\u1ea5p b\u1ee9c tranh to\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi L\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. V\u1ec1 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u00f4ng x\u1ebfp t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m th\u00e0nh 8 c\u1ee5m: L\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0110\u1ecba l\u00fd, K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, Ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef, V\u0103n h\u1ecdc, T\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Theo \u00f4ng m\u1ed7i b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft theo t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 n\u00eau r\u00f5 t\u00ean s\u00e1ch, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec3n, khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5, s\u1ed1 trang, n\u01a1i v\u00e0 n\u0103m xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 ti\u1ec3u truy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u00f4ng v\u1eeba tham kh\u1ea3o c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 th\u00f4ng tin h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m phong ph\u00fa, \u0111a d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p thu\u1ed9c kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m c\u1ee7a ta. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5 v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cNgu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, \u00edt ra t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m nay. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch v\u1edf c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch ch\u00ed hay kinh t\u1ecbch ch\u00ed (bibliographie). Ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c kinh t\u1ecbch ch\u00ed l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi g\u1ecdn l\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i v\u00e0 c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t. \u0110\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n l\u1edbn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i, Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y, Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch qu\u00fd 103","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u00e0y t\u1eadp 1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1970, v\u00e0 t\u1eadp II \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1990 \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo \u201cM\u00f4 h\u00ecnh Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p\u201d, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5ng k\u1ebft n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c, l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1edbi trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc (bibliographie) c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc th\u00ec sau hai b\u1eadc ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed1i \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n v\u00e0 Phan Huy Ch\u00fa, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ebfp nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, do c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u00ean \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i, x\u1eed l\u00fd h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kho s\u00e1ch kho\u1ea3ng 5.000 cu\u1ed1n H\u00e1n - N\u00f4m hi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n l\u01b0u gi\u1eef. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft kh\u00e1c. Ai s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c n\u1ed1i theo ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, khai th\u00e1c kho th\u01b0 t\u1ecbch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u H\u00e1n N\u00f4m \u0111ang \u0111\u1ec1 ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft hi\u1ec7n nay? C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u m\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, c\u00e0ng l\u00f9i xa th\u1eddi gian th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1eddi gian ph\u1ee7 m\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u1ea5p l\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (7\/1998), qua \u0111\u00f3 ta c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c, b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9, nh\u1eabn n\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m v\u1eabn c\u00f2n mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eddi s\u1ef1. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m \u201cMu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t huy nh\u1eefng tinh hoa c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm t\u1edbi kho s\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t phong ph\u00fa \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n qua nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cVi\u1ec7c s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u kho t\u00e0ng v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn \u2013 t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 s\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh v\u0103n x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u2013 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u0103n minh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p kh\u00e1c r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1934, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 : M\u1ed9t \u00e1ng v\u0103n N\u00f4m c\u1ed5: H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng phong v\u1eadt kh\u00fac; n\u0103m 1956 \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p phi\u00ean \u00e2m, ch\u00fa gi\u1ea3i th\u01a1 N\u00f4m Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Qu\u1ed1c \u00e2m thi t\u1eadp v\u00e0 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u00e3i to\u00e0n t\u1eadp. R\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ti\u1ebfp theo \u00f4ng l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t cho in B\u00edch C\u00e2u k\u1ef3 ng\u1ed9, truy\u1ec7n Trinh Th\u1eed, Ng\u1ecdc Ki\u1ec1u L\u00ea... C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c 104","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u B\u00edch C\u00e2u k\u1ef3 ng\u1ed9 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, theo s\u1ef1 suy \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh H\u1ed5, s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n th\u00ec t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n B\u00edch C\u00e2u k\u1ef3 ng\u1ed9 l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4n. Tr\u00fac Kh\u00ea v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 M\u1ee5c cho r\u1eb1ng c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u201ckhuy\u1ebft danh\u201d. \u0110inh Gia Thuy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng n\u00eau ra ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c. C\u00f2n Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cc\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o hi\u1ec7n v\u1eadt m\u00e0 x\u00e9t\u201d. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch Truy\u1ec1n k\u1ef3 t\u00e2n ph\u1ed5 in n\u0103m 1811 v\u00e0 thi\u00ean V\u0103n t\u1ecbch ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a Phan Huy Ch\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec3m. S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u1eady ai l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef N\u00f4m v\u1edbi 678 c\u00e2u th\u01a1 l\u1ee5c b\u00e1t d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c tr\u00ean? Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 V\u0169 Qu\u1ed1c Tr\u00e2n - m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u T\u1ea1 Ng\u1ecdc Li\u1ec5n cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1edbi, qu\u00fd gi\u00e1, th\u00ed d\u1ee5 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 v\u0103n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea3i, hai b\u00e0i v\u0103n bia th\u1eddi T\u1ed1ng n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n N\u00f9ng Cao Tr\u00ed t\u1ea1c \u1edf Qu\u1ebf L\u00e2m (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). \u0110\u1eb7c Bi\u1ec7t, nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i giao l\u01b0u v\u0103n h\u00f3a, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb gi\u1eefa Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIII \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p s\u01b0u t\u1eadp t\u1ea1i Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1959. V\u00ea c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u0103n b\u1ea3n h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng kh\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng, gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ecbnh, ch\u1ec9 ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u1ee5y t\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Vi\u1ec7t Xu\u00e2n Thu l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ra nh\u1eb1m xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Lam S\u01a1n. B\u1ea3n Giao Ch\u00e2u k\u00fd (s\u00e1ch V\u0129nh L\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111i\u1ec3n) m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, c\u0169ng b\u1ecb Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p v\u1ea1ch r\u00f5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u1ee5y th\u01b0. Ri\u00eang c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng mang ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n \u201cM\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 An D\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Th\u1ee5c An D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p vi\u1ebft v\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c, thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c, khi \u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u201cTh\u1ebb ng\u1ecdc An D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d (do h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c D\u01b0ng Duy C\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u1eedi t\u1edbi H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u0103m 1956) l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o. Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0a t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p l\u00ean v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 kh\u1ea3o ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam(1). (1) \tNh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc Tr\u1ea7n v\u0103n Gi\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed H\u1ecdc, NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, 1999, trang 28) 105","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc \u201cTr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d (1996) t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00e2y \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ee5, l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc... \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 25-11-1973 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u00e0 trong c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng t\u00e1 t\u00fac \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00e1c C\u1ed5 Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n g\u00ec c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb nh\u1eefng pho s\u00e1ch! \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00fd b\u00e1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, d\u00f9 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t. 106","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u1ed2 \u0110\u1eaeC DI Linh h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng xa x\u01b0a \u201cT\u00f4i sang Ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1918. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb B\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di v\u1ed1n nhi\u1ec1u \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1. Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean (1900-1984) \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u0111i Ph\u00e1p, tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ebd n\u00ean bao h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, cao th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh ch\u1ecdn. T\u00f4i ao \u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111em ra \u201cc\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf\u201d, \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i th\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft. C\u00f2n g\u00ec sung s\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u1edbm mai th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng trong \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft \u0111\u00eam qua \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf l\u1ea1i? T\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n l\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u1eeba k\u1ebft th\u00fac, n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u201cth\u1eafng tr\u1eadn\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ki\u1ec7t qu\u1ec7 v\u00e0 ra s\u1ee9c v\u01a1 v\u00e9t thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eafp nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5t thi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u1ede Ph\u00e1p l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u00edt Vi\u1ec7t Ki\u1ec1u: nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft l\u00e0m bia \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u1ee3 kh\u00f4ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n (O.N.S) trong chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1eeba qua, sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, ki\u1ec1u d\u00e2n \u0111i ki\u1ebfm \u0103n\u2026 m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1ed9t c\u1ea3nh, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i Vi\u1ec7t Ki\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1u ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed7i h\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u1ef1 khinh b\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n. \u2026Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong ti\u1ec1m th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. H\u1ed3i \u1ea5y t\u00f4i th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf s\u1ed1 15, ph\u1ed1 Sommerard, khu Latinh (Paris). M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt 107","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00f4i \u0111i ch\u01a1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n, anh D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nam B\u1ed9, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 t\u1eadp s\u1ef1. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u00f9ng nhau \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1ea1n b\u00e8. Tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf H\u1ed9i c\u00f3 hai ph\u00f2ng: ph\u00f2ng ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ch, b\u00e1o cho anh em \u0111\u1ebfn xem, ph\u00f2ng trong c\u00f3 b\u00e0n gh\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp kh\u00e1ch. T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng trong th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n: m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ed5i, c\u00f3 r\u00e2u, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e9o l\u00f9n v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao dong d\u1ecfng. Anh D\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Gi\u00e1o h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: - C\u00f3 bi\u1ebft ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia l\u00e0 ai kh\u00f4ng ? - C\u00f3, bi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 r\u00e2u l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh. Anh Gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00e9o l\u00f9n l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt s\u01b0 Phan V\u0103n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng, c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ea7y tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c. Nghe ba ch\u1eef Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u00ec ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh v\u1eabn h\u1eb1ng nghe ti\u1ebfng, v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i \u0111anh th\u00e9p \u0111\u00f2i quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o \u1ea5y, \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t t\u00f4i kia. Th\u1eddi \u1ea5y, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 anh em sinh vi\u00ean ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tham gia b\u00e1n b\u00e1o Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng kh\u1ed5 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam h\u1ed3n cho th\u1ee3 thuy\u1ec1n khu Latinh. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00ednh th\u1ee3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Paris c\u0169ng nhi\u1ec1u, anh em r\u1ea5t quen bi\u1ebft hai t\u1edd b\u00e1o tr\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u00ean \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00e1i Qu\u1ed1c. Sau l\u1ea7n \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf H\u1ed9i sinh vi\u00ean m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1, trao \u0111\u1ed5i \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi sinh vi\u00ean ta v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ta, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c. H\u1ecdc xong, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed7 b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Tenon \u1edf Paris. Sau h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, trong l\u00f2ng chan ch\u1ee9a hy v\u1ecdng \u0111em t\u00e0i n\u0103ng ra gi\u00fap \u00edch cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec bao nhi\u00eau ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u00f9i d\u1eadp. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ra \u0111i t\u00f4i c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee1 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh y v\u00e0 l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 Hippocrate l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c thi\u00eang li\u00eang, c\u00f3 108","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh chinh ph\u1ee5c m\u1ecdi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n trong m\u1ecdi x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i cao c\u1ea3 \u2013 th\u00ec nay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c tr\u00e1i h\u1eb3n l\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u d\u00e0y v\u00f2 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m t\u00f4i, cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 b\u00ecnh th\u1ea3n, nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng n\u1ed9i t\u00e2m th\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn. V\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00f4i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Hu\u1ebf, \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 \u201cc\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf\u201d, \u201cgi\u00fap \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tan v\u1ee1. C\u00e1i x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eaby s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng. Nh\u1eefng con b\u1ec7nh chia l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh \u201ch\u1ea1 \u0111\u1eb3ng\u201d b\u1ecb coi khinh kh\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00fac v\u1eadt, n\u1eb1m v\u1ea1 v\u1eadt, ng\u1ed5n ngang kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi coi s\u00f3c. C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Ph\u00e1p ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng khinh b\u1ec9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00e0 c\u00f2n coi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1eb3ng ra g\u00ec, ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Ri\u00eang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u1eadp s\u1ef1; trong khi \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb b\u1ea5t t\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Lemoine l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, Normet l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c y t\u1ebf Trung B\u1ed9. B\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di (\u0111\u1ee9ng gi\u1eefa) th\u1eddi du h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p 109","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y u\u1ea5t \u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ee7i nh\u1ee5c. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y t\u00ean Lemoine \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed1t m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u1ed1ng h\u00e1ch, t\u00f4i v\u00e1c gh\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh h\u1eafn. V\u00ec vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra gi\u1eefa t\u00f4i v\u00e0 Lemoine, t\u00f4i b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o Quy Nh\u01a1n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1ea7y me t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho \u0111i. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Tenon \u1edf Ph\u00e1p g\u1ecdi, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i xin k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n ngh\u1ec9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng sang n\u1eefa. \u1ede Quy Nh\u01a1n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Leroy des Barres h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i, c\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00ec h\u1eafn s\u1ebd gi\u00fap, v\u00ec h\u1eafn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. V\u1eeba ra \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, t\u00f4i g\u1eb7p c\u00e1c \u00f4ng V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 V\u0169 V\u0103n Lai, hai \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o t\u00f4i: - Anh ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0m g\u00ec? Tuy anh l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, nh\u01b0ng ra \u0111\u00e2y anh ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec \u0111\u00e2u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u1eb3ng cho anh l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 cho anh g\u00e2y m\u00ea l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng. T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. H\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh Y, t\u00f4i v\u1ed1n say m\u00ea ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o l\u00e2u n\u0103m v\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt n\u00ean kh\u00e1 v\u1eefng ngh\u1ec1 nghi\u1ec7p, v\u00e0 mong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em n\u00f3 ra s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng, l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o.Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecdn Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfm x\u1ec9a g\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u00f4i thi\u1ebft tha \u0111\u00f3. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7i cay \u0111\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 m\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ea5y chung quy ch\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 g\u1eb7p Leroy des Barres, t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o h\u1eafn: \u201cKh\u00f4ng cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u00ec t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c\u201d. N\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i chi\u1ec1u theo \u00fd t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i v\u1eeba gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n. B\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c, t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 b\u1ecdn Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng coi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra g\u00ec. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ngay c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 cho t\u00f4i l\u00e0m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t ca m\u1ed5, t\u00f4i n\u00f3i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y t\u00e1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 m\u1ed5, anh ta h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 do d\u1ef1 v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p m\u1ed5. \u1ede b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n nh\u01b0 \u1edf c\u1ea3 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed5, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p: Leroy des Barres v\u00e0 Cartoux. Nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ee9a hoa g\u1eb7p m\u01b0a b\u00e3o thui ch\u1ed9t d\u1ea7n \u0111i. Nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111em t\u00e0i n\u0103ng gi\u00fap \u00edch x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u1ee9u gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh, l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i tho\u00e1t, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh: ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n. 110","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u1eefng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed3i sinh Khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, t\u00f4i ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c ra sao. Nh\u01b0ng sau gi\u1edd ph\u00fat ng\u1ee1 ng\u00e0ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec nao n\u1ee9c trong l\u00f2ng. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u00e0y, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp s\u1ed1ng s\u00f4i n\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. C\u1ea3 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ef1c l\u00ean m\u1ed9t m\u00e0u s\u1eafc m\u1edbi: m\u00e0u c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng. V\u00e0 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0169ng rung l\u00ean m\u1ed9t \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng m\u1edbi. T\u00f4i c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i g\u00ec l\u1edbn lao \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1i \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1edbn lao \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n khi nghe b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u00e0 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Paris, 20 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y m\u00ecnh \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a\u2026 Ni\u1ec1m vui l\u1edbn v\u00e0 kh\u00ed th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n th\u1ea5m v\u00e0o t\u00f4i. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y nh\u1ecbp s\u1ed1ng, nh\u1ecbp l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y. T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 giao cho r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c. T\u00f4i v\u1eeba l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng thanh tra Y t\u1ebf v\u00e0 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ed3n Th\u1ee7y. T\u00f4i b\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y v\u00e0 th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh sung s\u1ee9c h\u01a1n h\u1eb3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong \u0111\u1eddi t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7: l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00f5 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ra sao. T\u00f4i h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y. T\u00f4i m\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0169 H\u1ef7, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean\u2026 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf c\u1eeda. Ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quan tr\u1ecdng, n\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a ta trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c v\u0103n ho\u00e1, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i: v\u1ed1n quen d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, nay \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. V\u1ed1n thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef c\u1ee7a ta l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u1ea5y, l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t: 111","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM GS. H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Duy \u0111\u00f3n B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Nguy\u00ean th\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa (ng\u00e0y 14\/11\/1955) c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb n\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng t\u1eeb kh\u00e1c. D\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c, m\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1i v\u1ed1n thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef nh\u01b0 v\u1eady qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u1ea3i d\u1ecbch ra, ph\u1ea3i bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec1u h\u0103ng h\u00e1i lao v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u00f5 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a, cho n\u00ean d\u00f9 c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh. Sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m, n\u0103m 1955 khi ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, nghe n\u00f3i ch\u00fang ta gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf b\u1eadc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecd h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 t\u1ecf v\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng tin. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi h\u1ecd t\u1edbi d\u1ef1 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Xem c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ta gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, h\u1ecd r\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. \u00dd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y r\u00f5 vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u1eeb Nam ra B\u1eafc... C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m cho t\u00f4i say m\u00ea ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1i n\u1ed7i bu\u1ed3n ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1i b\u1ec7nh t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t \u0111i l\u00fac n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng v\u1ed1n ngh\u1ec1 112","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026 Khi qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh t\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, ch\u00fang cho m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ed3n Thu\u1ef7. C\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn T\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f3 hai c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n M\u1ef9... H\u1ed3i \u1ea5y, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 giao cho t\u00f4i ti\u1ebfp hai t\u00ean M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m t\u00f4i v\u00e0 anh T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng m\u1eddi ch\u00fang \u0103n c\u01a1m. Trong l\u00fac n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n Patton h\u1ecfi t\u00f4i: - Anh theo m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u00e0 trong t\u00fai ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea1c th\u00ec anh ngh\u0129 sao ? T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eafn: - Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi h\u1eafn v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ni\u1ec1m t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi k\u1ebb c\u00f3 d\u1ee5ng \u00fd x\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 Patton, t\u00f4i m\u1edbi c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y h\u1ebft c\u00e1i l\u1edbn lao \u1ea5y. Ra \u0111i Nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1946, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n gi\u00f4ng t\u1ed1. \u0110\u00e2y \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang n\u1ed5. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. T\u1ed1i t\u1ed1i, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c anh Tr\u1ea7n Duy H\u01b0ng, Khu\u1ea5t Duy Ti\u1ebfn \u1edf U\u1ef7 ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 cho \u00f4 t\u00f4 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u0103n g\u00e1c d\u01b0\u1edbi Kh\u00e2m Thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m an to\u00e0n, tr\u00e1nh xa nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c hay b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn Ph\u00e1p khi\u00eau kh\u00edch. Chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 17\/12\/1946, t\u00f4i m\u1ed5 xong m\u1ed9t ca, v\u1eeba r\u1eeda tay v\u00e0 thay \u00e1o th\u00ec nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin c\u1ee7a tr\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, v\u00e0 t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111i ngay v\u00e0o V\u00e2n \u0110\u00ecnh. Tuy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, ng\u00e0y m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y hai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5 ra chi\u1ebfn tranh, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng, b\u0103n kho\u0103n. Trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i n\u1ea3y ra bao suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, v\u1ec1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh. Gi\u1eb7c th\u00ec m\u1ea1nh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 s\u00fang \u1ed1ng, xe t\u0103ng, m\u00e1y bay; c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n ta v\u1eeba ph\u00f4i thai, c\u00f2n bao kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 ch\u1ed1ng n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd ra sao? T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0a m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn quanh ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed5, l\u00f2ng ng\u1ed5n ngang nh\u01b0 m\u1ed1i t\u01a1 v\u00f2. C\u00e1i g\u00ec mang \u0111i, c\u00e1i g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i? V\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n th\u00f4n d\u00e3 l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u ra \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m sao t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed5 kh\u1eed 113","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00f9ng? C\u00f2n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa s\u1ebd ra sao? Li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa kh\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00ec l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e2u ra s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111i\u1ec7n quang? Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, l\u00f2ng t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng b\u1ec1 b\u1ed9n. B\u1ea5y l\u00e2u quen s\u1ed1ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec7n nghi, \u1edf n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n tr\u0103m b\u1ec1, li\u1ec7u gia \u0111\u00ecnh t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? H\u01a1n n\u1eefa nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i \u0111ang c\u00f3 ch\u00e1u nh\u1ecf. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn quy\u1ebft ra \u0111i. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e2u m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3i qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u1eb1ng tr\u0103m, h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn c\u00e2y s\u1ed1, l\u00e2u tr\u00ean 3.000 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1ed3i 9 n\u0103m sau m\u1edbi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn, ch\u1ecdn theo l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m, ho\u00e0 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi thi\u00eang li\u00eang c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: \u201cCh\u00fang ta th\u1ec1 hy sinh t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, ch\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu l\u00e0m n\u00f4 l\u1ec7\u201d(1). Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng h\u1ed3i k\u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i r\u1ea5t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb. \u00d4ng thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i danh gia v\u1ecdng t\u1ed9c: b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i l\u00e0 con g\u00e1i T\u00f9ng Thi\u1ec7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng Mi\u00ean Th\u1ea9m, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u1ea7n kinh; cha l\u00e0 L\u1ec5 b\u1ed9 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Trung; hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0, c\u1eed nh\u00e2n nho h\u1ecdc H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Kh\u1ea3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c, ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 lu\u1eadt khoa H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc \u0110i\u1ec1m; hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi em trai l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 kho\u00e1ng h\u1ecdc H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Li\u00ean v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc \u00c2n... \u00cdt ai bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, ch\u00ednh cha c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di, \u00f4ng H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Trung l\u00e0 ch\u00e1nh \u00e1n trong v\u1ee5 x\u1eed b\u1eadc \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c Tr\u1ea7n Cao V\u00e2n - Th\u00e1i Phi\u00ean, sau v\u1ee5 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1916 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vua Duy T\u00e2n. Thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean \u00e1n theo s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. \u00d4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tha b\u1ed5ng vua Duy T\u00e2n v\u1edbi l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn nh\u00e0 vua v\u00ec tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb n\u00ean b\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u201cphi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n\u201d l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng: \u201cC\u01a1m n\u1ebfp H\u00e0 Trung, ch\u00e1o g\u00e0 n\u00fai Ng\u1ef1, nh\u00e0 vua ph\u1ea3i gi\u00f3 b\u1ee5i d\u00e3i d\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn kia g\u00e2y chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ea3\u201d; h\u01a1n n\u1eefa c\u00e1c anh h\u00f9ng Th\u00e1i Phi\u00ean, Tr\u1ea7n Cao V\u00e2n c\u0169ng vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 m\u1eadt cho \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn h\u1ebft t\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh... Ngh\u0129a c\u1eed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 phu trong n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1n ph\u1ee5c. Trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0m quan, \u00f4ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng thanh li\u00eam ch\u00ednh tr\u1ef1c v\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00ed s\u0129 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 t\u1eb7ng. L\u00fac \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 80 xu\u00e2n xanh, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 t\u1ef1 v\u1ecbnh gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u00ecnh: (1) T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a - Nay s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng 7\/1999. 114","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Ch\u1ed3ng v\u1ee3 nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7ng t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i, M\u01b0\u1eddi con: b\u1ed1n g\u00e1i, s\u00e1u con trai. Trai \u0111\u1ea7u khoa b\u1ea3ng quan nh\u00ec ph\u1ea9m, G\u00e1i th\u1ee9 Cung Phi \u0110\u1ec7 Nh\u1ea5t Giai. Ba g\u00e1i g\u1ea3 n\u01a1i sang qu\u00fd c\u1ea3, N\u0103m trai \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u1ea1i khoa r\u1ed3i. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, Trung ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ai? Nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111i theo c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di c\u0169ng l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1 ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam khi \u0111i theo. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 8.4 n\u0103m Canh T\u00fd (t\u1ee9c th\u00e1ng 5\/1900) \u1edf Hu\u1ebf, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi thu\u1ed9c Ph\u00e1p. Sau n\u0103m 1945, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u (1978). Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u khi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p\u2026 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cKhi m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 v\u00f9ng d\u1eady h\u00f4 vang \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp mu\u00f4n n\u0103m\u201d th\u00ec c\u00f3 sung s\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0o h\u01a1n cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf b\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3ng b\u00e0i. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, danh t\u1eeb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, c\u00e1ch di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t ch\u01b0a quen. Song v\u1edbi \u00fd ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, d\u00f9ng m\u1ecdi bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p, ai c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. C\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc V\u0103n khoa, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng l\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3i chung \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m\u201d. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 l\u00f2ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o \u201cNg\u00e0y nay n\u00f3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 s\u1eafc b\u00e9n \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n 115","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u00e1i qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u1ebd t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean. H\u0103m h\u1edf \u0111i theo l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. Ngay t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 1\/1947 \u0110o\u00e0n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt Gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Duy, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Huy\u00ean, l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng n\u0103m 1948 Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf C\u1ef1 \u0110\u00e0, \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Kim L\u0169, c\u00f2n \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i V\u00e2n \u0110\u00ecnh. Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng lan r\u1ed9ng, \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed1c T\u00edn; \u0111o\u00e0n ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 B\u00f9ng X\u00e1 (thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n \u1ee8ng H\u00f2a - H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng). V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4\/1947 h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch di chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Tuy\u00ean Quang, ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Tuy\u00ean Quang. R\u1ed3i th\u00e1ng 5\/1947, tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean l\u00e0ng \u1ea2i (Chi\u00eam H\u00f3a) - c\u00e1ch th\u1ecb x\u00e3 ch\u1eebng 70km. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi GS T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc y khoa kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ng\u00e0y 6\/10\/1947, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 khai gi\u1ea3ng n\u0103m h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p - B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ebfn d\u1ef1. Trong kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed trang nghi\u00eam gi\u1eefa r\u1eebng n\u00fai, t\u1eeb xa c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i, b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc di\u1ec5n v\u0103n n\u00f3i l\u00ean tinh th\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc y trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam lu\u00f4n trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng 116","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c khoa n\u0103m 1923 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i hi\u1ec7n nay 117","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, v\u1ecb tha v\u00e0 khoan dung. Rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u1ecbp v\u1edbi rung \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, trong gi\u1edd ph\u00fat \u0111au th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y hoan h\u1ec9, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m tr\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng tin m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, v\u1edbi l\u00f2ng c\u0103m th\u00f9 \u00e1ch n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau tha thi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 do, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc coi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean\u2026\u201d. V\u1edbi tinh th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean y khoa tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f2n m\u1edf nh\u1eefng tuy\u1ebfn m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh t\u1eeb tuy\u1ebfn l\u1eeda chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1. Kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng \u1ea2i, tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i d\u1eddi v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng B\u00ecnh - c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 2 c\u00e2y s\u1ed1. Sau khi \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 m\u1ecdi c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a ta, ch\u00fang g\u1ecdi loa khuy\u00ean b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c ra h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i an to\u00e0n! Kh\u00f4ng tin v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u1ec9nh l\u1eeba n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 Trung Gi\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau, khi Ph\u00e1p r\u00fat lui th\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng A\u00fbi. Do nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, h\u1ecd g\u1ea5p r\u00fat \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u, x\u1eed l\u00fd ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i \u0111i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p l\u1ea1i m\u1edf nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111i\u00ean cu\u1ed3ng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc - t\u1ee9c A.T.K (An to\u00e0n khu). T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng quan ni\u1ec7m: \u201cCh\u00ednh trong lao \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m th\u00e2n thi\u1ebft gi\u1eefa th\u1ea7y v\u00e0 tr\u00f2, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 h\u1ecd v\u1edbi nhau b\u1edfi quan h\u1ec7 qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn v\u00e0 h\u1eefu ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 cho s\u1ef1 q\u1ee5y l\u1ee5y. Trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u00f3, \u00fd th\u1ee9c ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, b\u00f4ng hoa \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1edf r\u1ed9 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n t\u1ef1 do. H\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t v\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u nhau h\u01a1n s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 chung ni\u1ec1m vui v\u00e0 tin y\u00eau m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 pha tr\u1ed9n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m ph\u00e2n ph\u00e1t ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, n\u00f3 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00ec d\u1ea1y v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 anh em sinh \u0111\u00f4i, gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n s\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m\u201d. Sau khi chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 to\u00e0n th\u1eafng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng, b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 118","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1eafc Di ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 - t\u1eeb nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o sinh vi\u00ean. Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng mang t\u00ean H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di - nh\u1eb1m ghi nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 y h\u1ecdc cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh vi\u00ean y khoa mai sau noi g\u01b0\u01a1ng theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 d\u1ea1y: \u201cL\u01b0\u01a1ng y nh\u01b0 t\u1eeb m\u1eabu\u201d. Ch\u00fang ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n, l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i c\u01a1 th\u1ec3. Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e2m k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p nhu\u1ea7n nhuy\u1ec5n v\u1edbi nhau th\u00ec tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7\u201d. \u1ede ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 h\u01a1n, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, m\u00e0 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh v\u1eadt v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m. Khi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c v\u1eeba l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n\u201d. B\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di m\u1ea5t n\u0103m 1984 - nh\u01b0ng trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu v\u00e0 cao \u0111\u1eb9p. Sinh vi\u00ean y khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp trong th\u1eddi kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p 119","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Khu gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y cho n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di, B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 m\u1edf Wikipedia cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong lu\u1eadn \u00e1n t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 y khoa l\u00e0m t\u1ea1i Paris, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5 d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y (n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y-t\u00e1 tr\u00e0ng) \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb ch\u1ee9ng h\u1eb9p m\u00f4n v\u1ecb do b\u1ec7nh lo\u00e9t d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y- t\u00e1 tr\u00e0ng g\u00e2y ra, thay th\u1ebf cho ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft b\u1ecf d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y v\u1eabn d\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e0 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong su\u1ed1t 30-40 n\u0103m. C\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a GS. H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di (1937-1945) th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ee9ng t\u00ean chung v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p (nh\u01b0 GS. Huard, GS. Meyer-May\u2026), v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 (V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ee5ng, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng\u2026) v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n v\u00e0 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. Vi\u00eam t\u1ee5y c\u00f3 ph\u00f9 c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh do \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb 1937 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau. C\u00e1ch \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1eb1ng ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng vi\u00eam ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c do th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n 120","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn trong m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1ee7ng t\u00fai m\u1eadt, ho\u1eb7c n\u00eau m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1ed5 m\u1edbi, trong ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt s\u1ea3n khoa. C\u00e1c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Huard, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u0103ng \u1edf b\u00e1o Y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4ng \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh \u1edf Paris, r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1edbi coi tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ed1c do ch\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tr\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng t\u1ea3i (1944) c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0 Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb vi\u00eam ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 (1944), Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt ch\u1eefa lo\u00e9t d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y - t\u00e1 tr\u00e0ng \u1edf B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 (1944). T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u0103ng Th\u1ee7ng t\u00fai m\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm g\u1eb7p (1937); Vi\u00eam ph\u00fac m\u1ea1c do th\u1ee7ng ru\u1ed9t trong th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n, (1939)\u2026; b\u00e1o Y h\u1ecdc H\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u0103ng M\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt m\u1edbi m\u1ed5 l\u1ea5y thai nhi. V\u1edbi 21 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong 37 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 b\u1eadc th\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sau n\u00e0y, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 (to\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p) \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd \u1edf \u00f4ng l\u00e0 d\u00f9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cN\u00f3i chung, khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh t\u1eadp th\u1ec3. M\u1ed7i ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7. T\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 ng\u00e3 v\u00e0 g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 v\u00f4 danh: n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p g\u1eafn t\u00ean m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft ho\u1eb7c m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh th\u00ec c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n vi\u1ec7c ghi t\u00ean m\u00ecnh d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp th\u01a1 ho\u1eb7c kh\u1eafc n\u00f3 l\u00ean b\u1ec7 m\u1ed9t b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng mang \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea3n t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3, nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n th\u00ec n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1edf th\u00edch c\u1ee7a c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a chung\u201d. Th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ph\u00fat gi\u00e2y tr\u00f4i qua \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u00e2n l\u00ean ngh\u00ecn l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed7i ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1eafm say v\u00e0 th\u00e8m s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u1ea5y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7\u2026 Ph\u1ea3i, n\u1ebfu qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf d\u00f9 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 d\u00e0nh cho \u0111\u1eddi con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta mai sau, ta c\u0169ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng c\u1ea3 121","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh\u201d. Ch\u1ec9 ri\u00eang \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang ta kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c khi suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch s\u1ed1ng cao \u0111\u1eb9p c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 25\/6\/1984 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ed9c L\u1eadp h\u1ea1ng Nh\u1ea5t, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1ec1 Khoa h\u1ecdc - K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. 122","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N H\u01af\u1edeNG Th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 th\u1ec3 th\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n L\u1ea1 thay cho t\u00ecnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 80 nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eafc v\u1ec1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn b\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i, x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 tr\u1ebb th\u01a1. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eadp nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng sau n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng t\u00ean th\u1eadt Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh T\u00e2m, sinh n\u0103m 1906 t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 M\u1ef9 Ch\u00e1nh, t\u1ed5ng An B\u00ecnh n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean C\u00f9 Lao Gi\u00eang (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 M\u1ef9 Hi\u1ec7p, huy\u1ec7n Ch\u1ee3 M\u1edbi - An Giang) trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh nho h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c Nam. N\u0103m \u00f4ng l\u00ean n\u0103m tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng trong l\u00e0ng x\u1ea3y ra n\u1ea1n d\u1ecbch t\u1ea3. M\u1eb9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (1906-1998) c\u0169ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1eefa ch\u1ea1y m\u00e3i kh\u00f4ng kh\u1ecfi. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1eadp b\u00e0n th\u1edd ngo\u00e0i s\u00e2n, kh\u1ea5n tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebft thay con. Nh\u01b0ng nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n. V\u00e0i ng\u00e0y m\u1eb9 \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi. M\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp theo \u00f4ng n\u1ed9i \u0111au bu\u1ed3n ch\u1ebft, v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau b\u00e0 n\u1ed9i c\u0169ng theo v\u1ec1 ch\u00edn su\u1ed1i. Trong nh\u00e0 ba c\u00e1i tang v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh d\u1ecbch t\u1ea3, \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng. Sau khi th\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 Tho, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n l\u00ean h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chasseloup Laubat v\u00e0 thi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi h\u1ea1ng \u01b0u. L\u00fac n\u1ea7y, cha c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111ang ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00ean cho \u00f4ng thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng 123","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110ai h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o, th\u00ec \u00f4ng xin h\u1ecdc y khoa v\u00ec mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf. Suy ngh\u0129 n\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 nung n\u1ea5u trong l\u00f2ng ngay sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1927-1930, \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 hai n\u0103m sau sang Paris h\u1ecdc h\u1ebft ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lu\u1eadn \u00e1n. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u0103m \u1edf n\u01a1i ph\u1ed3n hoa \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ni\u1ec1m vui n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c l\u00e0 ch\u00fai m\u0169i v\u00e0o trang s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5 t\u00fac nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao, b\u1ec7nh tr\u1ebb con\u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. N\u0103m 1933, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Bao nhi\u00eau h\u0103m h\u1edf c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat \u00f4ng v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Pasteur, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 Delbove nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t ph\u00e1t ban c\u1ee7a chu\u1ed9t \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam (typhus naurin) v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 Souchard nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i B\u1ec7nh tr\u1ee9ng t\u00f3c \u1edf Nam K\u1ef3 (le pi\u00e9dra de Cochinchine). Sau n\u0103m n\u0103m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, n\u0103m 1939 \u00f4ng xin \u0111i tu nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Pasteur Paris. Nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edfng, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng n\u1ea7y, nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u1ea1nh l\u00f9ng: \u201cCh\u00ednh s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p,ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t n\u1ea7y, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch xin ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3, m\u1edf ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 s\u1ed1 244 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u2019Arras (nay l\u00e0 \u0111u\u1eddng C\u1ed1ng Qu\u1ef3nh). Trong l\u00fac h\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1, \u00f4ng lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n theo truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh, gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c, nh\u1edb l\u1eddi cha \u00f4ng t\u1eebng d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 \u201ccoi ch\u1eebng nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf y, tam th\u1ebf suy!\u201d V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 an \u1ee7i, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 h\u1ecd. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy C\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ec3, l\u00fac c\u00f2n sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tho\u00e1ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, theo tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi cao l\u1edbn \u0103n n\u00f3i d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1c, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u binh khi\u1ec3n t\u01b0\u1edbng nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n \u0111\u00e1m vi tr\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t t\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ecf th\u00f3, m\u00ecnh d\u00e2y, \u0111i \u0111\u1ee9ng khoan thai, \u0103n n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9, c\u1ed1t c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u0103n nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t v\u1ea7ng tr\u00e1n cao, nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng \u1ea5m \u00e1p \u00e2n c\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c h\u00fat k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1\u201d. Ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 124","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9n\u201d c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ngh\u00e8o, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 than phi\u1ec1n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng gi\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd (!). \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi: \u201cT\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ed9ng m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ph\u00ec nhi\u00eau. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u1edf ch\u1ed7 t\u00f4i th\u00ec t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea c\u00e0y ru\u1ed9ng, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7n gi\u00e0nh gi\u1ef1t b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 t\u1ef1 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi t\u00f4i\u201d. N\u0103m th\u00e1ng tr\u00f4i qua. Cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u0103m gh\u00e9t th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Pasteur l\u00e0m g\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111i theo c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Sau khi Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, ng\u00e0y 23\/9\/1945, \u00f4ng t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n. Ch\u1ec9 g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 m\u1eddi xu\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Tho gi\u00fap v\u1ec1 y t\u1ebf. Trong gian kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1i Ti\u1ec3u C\u1ea7n - c\u00e1ch Tr\u00e0 Vinh 28km, g\u1ea7n b\u1edd s\u00f4ng H\u1eadu, tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc ghe tam b\u1ea3n ch\u1edf d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5, k\u00ednh hi\u1ec3n vi, l\u00f2 h\u1ea5p \u01b0\u1edbt v\u00e0 l\u00f2 h\u1ea5p kh\u00f4, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u00f4ng xin hai con ng\u1ef1a \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf huy\u1ebft thanh ch\u1ed1ng u\u1ed1n v\u00e1n; r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t, thu\u1ed1c gh\u1ebb ng\u1ee9a v.v\u2026 Sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6\/3\/1946, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 thu\u1ed1c men, d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho chi\u1ebfn s\u0129, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn khu chuy\u1ec3n ra v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ed v\u1eadn trong anh em tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p. L\u00fac n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cchia \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ecb\u201d th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebb ra qu\u00e1i thai Nam K\u1ef3 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Thinh. Qu\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea3n h\u01a1n l\u00e0 ch\u00fang c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u trong Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m\u2026 qu\u1ed1c ca! Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u1ed7 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi tham gia v\u00e0o c\u00e1i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafng v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 Thinh: \u201cAnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f2ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed r\u1ed3i, xin anh ngh\u0129 l\u1ea1i. Tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng chung l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc: Guillaume Ler v\u00e0 Bismarck \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, Victor Emmanuel II v\u00e0 Cavour \u1edf \u00dd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m cho hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 h\u00f9ng c\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc sau n\u00e0y 125","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM b\u00e1c s\u0129 Thinh m\u1edbi \u00fd th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e2n l\u00fd n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ta t\u1ef1 h\u1ed1i l\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0o s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt 10\/11\/1946, \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 L\u1ed9c, th\u01b0 k\u00fd ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Thinh \u0111\u1ebfn g\u00f5 c\u1eeda ph\u00f2ng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y m\u1edf. Khi ph\u00e1 tung c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda v\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong ph\u00f2ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, ngang h\u1ecdng bu\u1ed9c m\u1ed9t s\u1ee3i d\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 tr\u00ean b\u00e0n c\u00f3 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed1c m\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn trang n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 th\u1eaft c\u1ed5! Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd t\u00ean v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a 200 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o La D\u00e9p\u00eache b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. L\u00fac Bollaert sang Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0m Cao \u1ee7y Ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi L\u01b0u V\u0103n Lang, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Tr\u1ee9 \u2013 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u2013 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p. Cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u v\u00ec t\u00ean c\u00e1o gi\u00e0 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau ch\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn L\u00ea V\u0103n Ho\u1ea1ch \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay Thinh \u2013 l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i Nam K\u1ef3 qu\u1ed1c. Bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho ch\u00fang ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u201cNam B\u1ed9 l\u00e0 m\u00e1u c\u1ee7a m\u00e1u Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u00e0 th\u1ecbt c\u1ee7a th\u1ecbt Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u0169 trang. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y, n\u0103m 1947, \u00f4ng r\u1eddi gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Ra chi\u1ebfn khu, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u1ee7y vi\u00ean \u1ee6y ban Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn H\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh Nam B\u1ed9, ki\u00eam gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c S\u1edf Y t\u1ebf Nam B\u1ed9. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0103c-xin ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a, t\u1ea3, th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n; \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ebfp s\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 sinh trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u2026 \u0110\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung ra c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh t\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam B\u1ed9 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta h\u00e3y nghe ch\u00ednh b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m: \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m V\u1eafc-xin ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i d\u00f9ng con ngh\u00e9. Ngh\u00e9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1ed1t v\u00e0o chu\u1ed3ng, t\u1eafm b\u1eb1ng x\u00e0 b\u00f4ng v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p ch\u00edn trong nh\u1eefng h\u0169 (lo\u1ea1i h\u0169 \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00fac r\u1eeda r\u1ea5t s\u1ea1ch chuy\u00ean d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eafm cho ngh\u00e9), d\u00f9ng kh\u0103n h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 lau cho ngh\u00e9. C\u1ea1o s\u1ea1ch l\u00f4ng \u1edf h\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng, d\u00f9ng b\u00e0n n\u1ea1o d\u1eeba \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p k\u1ef9, c\u1ea1o da l\u00f4ng v\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng cho tr\u1ea7y r\u01b0\u01a1m r\u01b0\u1edbm m\u00e1u. M\u1ee7 \u0111\u1eadu kh\u00f4 nghi\u1ec1n nhuy\u1ec5n h\u00f2a v\u1edbi glyc\u00e9rine, b\u00f4i kh\u1eafp v\u00f9ng da tr\u1ea7y, xong d\u00f9ng v\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p c\u00f3 d\u00e2y bu\u1ed9c bao b\u1ee5ng ngh\u00e9 l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i bu\u1ed9c d\u00e2y tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng, gi\u1eef cho ch\u1ed7 tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ea1ch. T\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y, ng\u00e0y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00eam, anh em lu\u00e2n phi\u00ean th\u1ee9c canh, n\u1ebfu ngh\u00e9 \u0111\u00e1i, ph\u1ea3i d\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ea5p ch\u00edn r\u1eeda s\u00e0n ngay, th\u1ea5y ngh\u00e9 d\u00f3ng \u0111u\u00f4i l\u00ean th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a 126","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM ky v\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng li\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e2n r\u1edbt tr\u00ean v\u00e1n. Canh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kho\u1ea3ng ba ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam, n\u1ebfu tr\u00ean b\u1ee5ng da ngh\u00e9 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng n\u1ed1t tr\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ee7 v\u00e0 m\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ebft l\u00e0 tr\u00e1i m\u1ecdc t\u1ed1t. D\u00f9ng dao b\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea1o m\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y l\u00e0m kh\u00f4, t\u00f4i nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Hoa ki\u1ec1u b\u00e1n thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1eef s\u00e2m trong nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9p \u0111\u1ef1ng g\u1ea1o rang, s\u00e2m kh\u00f4 c\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb m\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i cho l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9p t\u00f4n tr\u00f2n, c\u00f3 n\u1eafp \u0111\u1eady k\u00edn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 60cm, cao 20cm, h\u01a1 th\u00f9ng cho n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng, rang g\u1ea1o v\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u cao b\u1eb1ng 2\/3 c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9p, tr\u00ean g\u1ea1o tr\u1ea3i v\u1ea3i tr\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng. C\u1ea1o m\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i banh l\u00ean v\u1ea3i, \u0111\u1eady n\u1eafp h\u1ed9p l\u1ea1i, b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i r\u00e0ng cao su ru\u1ed9t xe \u0111\u1ea1p cho th\u1eadt k\u00edn. Theo d\u00f5i khi m\u1ee7 kh\u00f4, d\u00f9ng c\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 ch\u00e0y nghi\u1ec1n ra b\u1ed9t, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ed1ng th\u00ec pha v\u1edbi glyc\u00e9rine, n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ee7ng ng\u1eeba th\u00ec d\u00f9ng m\u1eadt ong \u0111\u1ec3 pha (v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 glyc\u00e9rine \u0111\u1ec3 pha n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i pha b\u1eb1ng m\u1eadt ong). Sau \u0111\u00f3 cho v\u00e0o v\u1ecf chai p\u00e9nicylline \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea5p ti\u1ec7t tr\u00f9ng, \u0111\u1eady n\u00fat v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a \u0111i tr\u1ed3ng tr\u00e1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi (m\u1eadt ong gi\u1eef thu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec5m m\u1ed1c)\u201d. Sau n\u0103m 1954, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra B\u1eafc, \u00f4ng \u0111i chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u \u00e1p ch\u00f3t tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u Kilenski c\u1ee7a Ba Lan. T\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 5\/7\/1955 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 19\/9\/1955, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch giao \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n 303. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh b\u1eb1ng thu\u1ed1c Nam, khi m\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y \u201cb\u00f3 tay\u201d. Trong b\u1ea3n tham lu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i n\u0103m 1956, \u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cGi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb thu\u1ed1c Nam kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf, n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n tr\u00ean y l\u00fd Trung y v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ean kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p b\u1ec7nh th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00f4ng y \u1ea5y d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 g\u00f3p v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u1eadp b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng y, m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y \u0110\u00f4ng y, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u00e0o ch\u1ebf, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thu\u1ed1c Nam v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0110\u00f4ng y. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111i tham quan v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 vi tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 nhi\u1ec7m l\u00e0m Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n vi tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc. \u1ede l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn khi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110\u00f4ng y th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c Minh, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb C\u1ea3nh, \u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u1ecb H\u1ed3ng Sinh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 127","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng chu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a 1.500 c\u00e2y thu\u1ed1c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n h\u01a1n 200 c\u00e2y c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng khu\u1ea9n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i vi tr\u00f9ng Gram- v\u00e0 Gram+. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1960 - 1961 \u00f4ng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u1ee7y ban th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. Trong m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc tham lu\u1eadn \u201cX\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n y t\u1ebf nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng nhu c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d. Sau khi nghe xong, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o l\u1ea1i, sau \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n \u00f4ng l\u00e0m V\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng V\u1ee5 \u0110\u00f4ng y ki\u00eam Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u00f4ng y v\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n \u0110\u00f4ng y tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1969, sau khi b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch hy sinh \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf. S\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y th\u1eadt d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, kh\u00f4ng ngo\u00e0i m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng \u00f4ng b\u1ecb tai bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u n\u00e3o - l\u00fac 15 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 29.6.1970 - khi \u0111ang c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1ef1 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cTrong su\u1ed1t 5 n\u0103m tr\u1eddi (1970-1975) t\u00f4i l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00fac v\u1ec1 gi\u00e0 v\u1eabn say m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u 128","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Do \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1ea5t k\u1ef9 trong 4 t\u1eadp gi\u1ea5y t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1ed3m c\u00f3: t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n; d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c Nam, thu\u1ed1c B\u1eafc v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y; b\u1ea5m huy\u1ec7t. \u00d4ng quan ni\u1ec7m: \u201cTr\u00ean to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ai c\u0169ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft Tinh - Kh\u00ed - Th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng y t\u1eeb ng\u00e0n n\u0103m \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn theo y h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Trong con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ba y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 bao tr\u00f9m m\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng sinh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tinh l\u00e0 tinh hoa c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9c \u0103n, l\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t dinh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, l\u00e0 m\u00e1u huy\u1ebft, l\u00e0 tinh sinh d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng. Kh\u00ed l\u00e0 kh\u00ed h\u01a1i c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1o h\u00f3a cho ta, l\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed, l\u00e0 oxy. C\u00f3 kh\u00ed h\u00edt v\u00e0o k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u1ea5t tinh th\u00ec m\u1edbi t\u1ea1o ra kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c. Kh\u00ed l\u1ef1c g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec7t n\u0103ng (s\u1ee9c n\u00f3ng), c\u01a1 n\u0103ng (s\u1ee9c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng), \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng (s\u1ee9c \u0111i\u1ec7n), h\u00f3a n\u0103ng (s\u1ee9c t\u1ea1o ra h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t) \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 kh\u00ed cao c\u1ea5p do b\u1ed9 th\u1ea7n kinh cho ta g\u1ed3m t\u01b0 duy, tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m, \u00fd ch\u00ed, \u00f3c t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i tr\u00e1i, bi\u1ebft t\u1ea1o ra ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Tinh kh\u00ed th\u1ea7n theo quy lu\u1eadt chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a: tinh bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh kh\u00ed, kh\u00ed bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh th\u1ea7n, th\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. N\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00ec ta m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe, n\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n th\u00ec ta \u0111au, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0ng chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a th\u00ec ta ch\u1ebft. N\u1ebfu ta t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n tinh kh\u00ed th\u1ea7n l\u00e0m cho n\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t, chuy\u1ec3n h\u00f3a t\u1ed1t th\u00ec ta gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe, s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng s\u1ebd l\u00ean, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh m\u00e3n t\u00ednh l\u1ea7n l\u1ea7n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t\u201d. L\u1ea5y ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u00fang. T\u1eeb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb tai bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u n\u00e3o, sau n\u00e0y, khi l\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf l\u1edbp h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ebfn nay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1ed1t. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn t\u00edch c\u1ef1c cho n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u danh hi\u1ec7u cao qu\u00fd - m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t m\u1ed9t). Su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, tr\u00e1i tim nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u00ec s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ng\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u00fac 11 gi\u1edd ng\u00e0y 4\/8\/1998 t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Th\u1ed1ng Nh\u1ea5t (TP.HCM). 129","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM M\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111ang n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch 40 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m trao t\u1eb7ng Qu\u1ef9 t\u1eeb thi\u1ec7n b\u00e1o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng v\u1edbi \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ch\u0103m s\u00f3c cho sinh vi\u00ean y khoa ngh\u00e8o, hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 v\u00f9ng s\u00e2u v\u00f9ng xa. Ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00e0nh Qu\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng - g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3, \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean cho nh\u1eefng b\u00e1c s\u0129 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng v\u00ec cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. 130","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1ed6 XU\u00c2N H\u1ee2P \u201c\u00d4ng vua\u201d c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang g\u00ec c\u00e1c th\u1ebf B\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p h\u1ec7 sinh vi\u00ean y khoa m\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ch\u00fang (1906-1985) ta c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o khi bi\u1ebft trong b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb Anatomie Topographique c\u1ee7a Henri Rouvi\u00e8re \u2013 t\u1eadp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u00e1nh tay con ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 ghi r\u00f5 \u201cmuscle Do Xuan Hop\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ec1 d\u00e2y th\u1ea7n kinh ghi r\u00f5 \u201cnerf Do Xuan Hop\u201d. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in trong b\u1ed9 Encyclop\u00e9die medicale Francaise (b\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 y h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p). V\u1eady \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p l\u00e0 ai m\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn y h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 cao v\u00e0 kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y ng\u00e0y 8\/7\/1906 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, con th\u1ee9 5 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea1t, m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi c\u1ee5 L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n Can c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eadp ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c th\u00ec c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ea1t d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ra d\u1ea1y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u00ed m\u1eadt gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 c\u1eadu h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Sau khi \u0111\u1eadu \u01b0u k\u1ef3 thi ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea7y trong m\u1ed9t t\u1ee7 l\u1edbn! Sau n\u00e0y theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 131","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u1ecdc sinh gi\u1ecfi, ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n gi\u00fap b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc k\u00e9m h\u01a1n m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng 8 \u0111\u1ed3ng, \u00f4ng d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 nu\u00f4i hai em ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0103n h\u1ecdc. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng th\u00e0nh chung lo\u1ea1i \u01b0u t\u00fa, \u00f4ng theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00ec ch\u1ec9 sau b\u1ed1n n\u0103m h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 gia \u0111\u00ecnh. M\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1929, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00ecnh y\u00eau \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Th\u1ecbnh \u2013 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef sinh tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Sau n\u00e0y n\u00ean duy\u00ean n\u1ee3 th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng theo ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m s\u1edf. \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 n\u01a1i r\u1eebng thi\u00eang n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c \u1edf B\u1eafc H\u00e0 (g\u1ea7n L\u00e0o Cai)! N\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y, trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX v\u1eabn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u201c\u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u0103n minh\u201d ch\u01b0a r\u1ecdi t\u1edbi! Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n v\u1eabn c\u00f2n tin v\u00e0o th\u1ea7y mo h\u01a1n l\u00e0 tin v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc, cho d\u00f9 h\u1ecd v\u1eabn k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cquan \u0111\u1ed1c\u201d. H\u00e3y nghe m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 B\u00e1c s\u0129, Ph\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 L\u00ea Gia Vinh k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cM\u1ed9t h\u00f4m \u0111i qua m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ed3i v\u1eafng, b\u1ed7ng nhi\u00ean nghe ti\u1ebfng ch\u1eadp cheng l\u1ed1c c\u1ed1c, k\u00e8m theo ti\u1ebfng r\u00ean r\u1ec9 kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c, \u201cquan \u0111\u1ed1c\u201d l\u1ea7n m\u00f2 v\u00e0o t\u1eadn n\u01a1i, th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t c\u1ee5 gi\u00e0 b\u1ee5ng tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00ecnh, \u0111ang h\u1ed5n h\u1ec3n n\u1eb1m ch\u1edd ch\u1ebft, chung quanh v\u1ee3 con g\u00e0o kh\u00f3c kh\u1ea5n v\u00e1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u00e0n th\u1edd g\u00e0 x\u00f4i, r\u01b0\u1ee3u, hoa qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ee7 th\u1ee9. M\u1ed9t th\u1ea7y mo \u0111ang ph\u1ed3ng mang tr\u1ee3n m\u00e9p, m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ecf t\u00eda tai, vung g\u01b0\u01a1m nh\u1ea3y nh\u00f3t, truy\u1ec1n ph\u00e1n c\u00e1c \u00e2m binh xua \u0111u\u1ed5i ma qu\u1ef7. Th\u1ea5y \u201cquan \u0111\u1ed1c\u201d v\u00e0o, th\u1ea7y mo v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 chu\u1ed3n m\u1ea5t. Th\u0103m b\u1ec7nh xong, th\u1ea7y k\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ebfn, mang d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 th\u00e1o th\u1ee5t ngay cho \u00f4ng c\u1ee5. Ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3 th\u00f4ng m\u00e3i \u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng cho l\u00e0m. Ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t thau s\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7y. Th\u1ea5y nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng, tho\u00e1t ch\u1ebft, \u00f4ng c\u1ee5 v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea1y l\u1ea5y l\u1ea1y \u0111\u1ec3, c\u00e1m \u01a1n m\u00e3i \u201cquan \u0111\u1ed1c\u201d nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb, c\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf\u201d (Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vinh quang - L\u00ea Gia Vinh - NXB V\u0103n H\u00f3a 1991). S\u1ed1ng trong m\u1ed9t m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f2n m\u00ea mu\u1ed9i, d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t. Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 quan ni\u1ec7m: c\u1ee9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi tay t\u1eed th\u1ea7n l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh. Mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng n\u00e2ng cao tay ngh\u1ec1 v\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc. Cu\u1ed1i xu\u00e2n n\u0103m 1932, ngo\u00e0i tr\u1eddi r\u00e9t l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1eefng ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 lang 132","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM thang \u0111i qua r\u1eebng c\u00e2y trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i l\u00e0m v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng \u00e2m thanh bu\u1ed3n n\u00e3o ru\u1ed9t. \u0110ang n\u1eb1m trong ch\u0103n \u1ea5m, hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng ch\u00fai m\u0169i \u0111\u1ecdc h\u00e0i k\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Moli\u00e8re cho v\u01a1i n\u1ed7i nh\u1edb nh\u00e0 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean nghe nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang v\u1ecdng l\u00ean \u201c\u0110o\u00e0ng! \u0110o\u00e0ng!\u201d. R\u1ed3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng k\u00eau th\u1ea5t thanh: \u201cC\u01b0\u1edbp! C\u01b0\u1edbp!\u201d. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a y\u00ean \u1ed5n, b\u1ecdn th\u1ed5 ph\u1ec9 t\u1eeb bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi tr\u00e0n sang c\u01b0\u1edbp ph\u00e1 nh\u01b0 ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi! \u00d4ng H\u1ee3p v\u1ed9i t\u1eaft \u0111\u00e8n m\u0103ng-x\u00f4ng, v\u00f3i tay l\u1ea5y kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang treo tr\u00ean t\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00e0 r\u1ed3i d\u1eabn v\u1ee3 ch\u1ea1y ra ch\u1ed7 \u1ea9n n\u00e1u. \u00d4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh g\u1eb7p b\u1ecdn ch\u00fang k\u00e9o \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0 b\u1eafn, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee1i \u00f4i! Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00f4ng qu\u00e1. \u00d4ng b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c n\u00f3i: \u201cCh\u00fang m\u00e0y mu\u1ed1n l\u1ea5y g\u00ec th\u00ec l\u1ea5y! \u0110\u1ec3 cho tao s\u1ed1ng, tao c\u00f2n ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh cho d\u00e2n\u201d. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ch\u00fang l\u1ea5y h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9! Th\u1ea5y chi\u1ebfc nh\u1eabn c\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111ang \u0111eo tr\u00ean tay, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean th\u1ed5 ph\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00fat dao ra ch\u1eb7t tay \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u01b0\u1edbp th\u00ec \u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng th\u00e1o ra \u0111\u01b0a ngay cho n\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u1ea3 gia t\u00e0i d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m ch\u1ec9 trong tho\u00e1ng ch\u1ed1c tan theo m\u00e2y kh\u00f3i. L\u00fac binh l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p l\u00ean tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p b\u1ecdn th\u1ed5 ph\u1ec9 th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 cao ch\u1ea1y xa bay t\u1ef1 l\u00fac n\u00e0o r\u1ed3i! Nh\u01b0ng trong \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u00e1i \u00f4ng th\u1ea5t m\u00e3\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eddi bi\u1ebfn h\u00f3a kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng, trong r\u1ee7i c\u00f3 may v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. Sau tai h\u1ecda tr\u00ean th\u00ec n\u1eeda th\u00e1ng sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi l\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3n binh \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n b\u1ed3i th\u01b0\u1eddng! V\u1edbi s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 mua t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u y h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb b\u00ean Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 theo h\u1ecdc h\u00e0m th\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i Paris. Hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng c\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc say m\u00ea ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o: Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang thi tuy\u1ec3n ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu cho Vi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m thi. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1932, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n thi v\u00e0 tr\u00fang tuy\u1ec3n. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chuy\u1ec3n c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ph\u1ee5 vi\u1ec7c cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 P.Huard \u2013 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc. Qua n\u0103m sau, nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0m th\u1ee5 m\u00e0 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thi t\u00fa t\u00e0i. C\u1ea3 hai k\u1ef3 thi, h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eadu th\u1ee7 khoa. N\u1ebfu b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1ee3 gi\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp trong khoa ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y khoa \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. 133","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Th\u00f4ng qua nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sau h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1ea7y, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u1edbi y h\u1ecdc th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd b\u1eb1ng b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch Morphologie humaine et anatomie artistique (H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu th\u1ea9m m\u1ef9) in n\u0103m 1942. V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Testut v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1949. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb kh\u00e1c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1936, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1ecd ho\u1eb7c b\u1ed9 x\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1eddi c\u1ed5. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 n\u00e3o, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u th\u1ea7n kinh v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng v.v\u2026 H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai chi ti\u1ebft th\u00fa v\u1ecb. M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 m\u00f9a thu n\u0103m 1942, khi xem tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1ea1i ph\u00f2ng tranh m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 mua b\u1ee9c tranh Gia \u0111\u00ecnh thuy\u1ec1n ch\u00e0i c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 L.X.N v\u1eeba \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. Sau khi h\u1ecda s\u0129 \u0111em \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u00e0 treo, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p m\u1edbi ng\u1eafm ngh\u00eda. Ch\u1ec9 gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t sau \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra chi ti\u1ebft sai v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1eafp khi h\u1ecda s\u0129 v\u1ebd nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt, v\u00ec khi ng\u1ed3i co ch\u00e2n th\u00ec b\u1eafp ch\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 g\u00f3p \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c n\u00ean h\u1ecda s\u0129 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 vui v\u1ebb \u0111em v\u1ec1 v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i, nh\u1edd v\u1eady b\u1ee9c tranh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 trong ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt. Hai l\u00e0 v\u1edbi t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng Testut \u2013 do bi\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec3n th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c n\u00ean \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn sau n\u00e0y, khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p Fran\u00e7ois Mitterrand sang th\u0103m Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 g\u1eb7p v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p. Trong tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, b\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1eddi gian sau, Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m y h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn cho gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u1ed1 b\u00e1c s\u0129 b\u1ea3n sao t\u1ea5m b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u. C\u1ee5 b\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Th\u1ecbnh, v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a c\u1ed1 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u2013 d\u00f9 \u1edf v\u00e0o l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i 87 nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eabn minh m\u1eabn v\u00e0 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, chuy\u1ec7n hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u1ed3ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00f3m h\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u00f4i l\u00fac pha gi\u1ecdng c\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00ed d\u1ecfm. B\u00e0 k\u1ec3: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o tay \u00f4ng r\u1eddi quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ngay trong l\u00fac \u0103n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u00fai m\u0169i v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac t\u00f4i 134","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u1ea3i... \u0111\u00fat c\u01a1m cho nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u01b0 ch\u0103m s\u00f3c tr\u1ebb nh\u1ecf! C\u01a1m ngon hay kh\u00ea nh\u00e3o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m, cho g\u00ec \u0103n n\u1ea5y, m\u1eaft ch\u1ec9 d\u00e1n v\u00e0o s\u00e1ch ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y cho sinh vi\u00ean. Sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc giao nhi\u1ec1u nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 quan tr\u1ecdng, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00f3i quen n\u00e0y. C\u00f2n chuy\u1ec7n ti\u1ec1n nong th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn. M\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i xe ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng trao cho t\u00f4i. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1eb1ng th\u00e1ng bao nhi\u00eau th\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c say m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m vui. T\u00f4i t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o l\u00e0 trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 g\u1ea7n 100 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t, t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f4i l\u1ea7n g\u00f3p cho nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c nh\u1ecf nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm gi\u00fap nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i nh\u1eefng t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p khi d\u1ecbch t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, n\u0103m 1951 nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y \u0111\u0103m chi\u00eau suy ngh\u0129 khi chuy\u1ec3n ng\u1eef m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb ti\u1ebfng Latinh sang ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. Trong s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng Latinh ghi l\u00e0 Tibia, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 \u201cx\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ed1ng quy\u1ec3n\u201d nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a h\u1eb3n \u0111\u00fang l\u1eafm. Kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean g\u00ec cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p, nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i suy ngh\u0129 m\u00e3i khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i c\u0169ng s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u00f4i \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng ch\u1ea7y gi\u00e3 cua, th\u00ec b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ebf Kh\u00e1nh \u0111i ngang qua, nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i g\u1ecdi v\u00e0o v\u00e0 gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y n\u1ed7i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i \u0111ang c\u1ea7m c\u00e1i ch\u1ea7y tr\u00ean tay, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Kh\u00e1nh nh\u00ecn t\u1ea5m \u1ea3nh v\u1ebd kh\u00fac x\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ed3i bu\u1ed9t mi\u1ec7ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a: \u201c\u00d4 hay tr\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e1i ch\u1ea7y qu\u00e1 nh\u1ec9 !\u201d. \u0110ang ch\u0103m ch\u00fa l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nghe v\u1eady t\u00f4i ph\u00e1 l\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddi vui v\u1ebb. Nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 x\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ea7y - v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00fang nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00e2u nay nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u1ee9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm trong v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh\u201d. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y sinh vi\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng ngay sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Khi to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn n\u1ed5 ra ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang h\u00e0o hi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a th\u00ec b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i sau l\u01b0ng c\u0103n bi\u1ec7t th\u1ef1 s\u1ed1 69 ph\u1ed1 Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec7n nghi v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f2ng qu\u00e2n. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn ta nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh H\u1eefu: 135","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM C\u1ea3 kinh th\u00e0nh nghi ng\u00fat ch\u00e1y sau l\u01b0ng Nh\u1eefng ch\u00e0ng trai ch\u01b0a tr\u1eafng n\u1ee3 anh h\u00f9ng H\u1ed3n m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea5t ph\u01a1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf th\u1eafm R\u00e1ch t\u1ea3 t\u01a1i r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f4i gi\u00e0y v\u1ea1n d\u1eb7m B\u1ee5i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chinh phai b\u1ea1c \u00e1o h\u00e0o hoa Tuy nhi\u00ean, s\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng khi \u0111i theo kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ai c\u0169ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 v\u00ec b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng \u0111ang gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa, l\u1ea1i ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch t\u01b0 \u1edf ph\u1ed1 Ch\u1ee3 H\u00f4m. Nh\u01b0ng theo ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng ra \u0111i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 thanh th\u1ea3n.V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/1947, h\u1ecd \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Tr\u00ec. Sau khi Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i d\u1eaft d\u00edu nhau ch\u1ea1y l\u00ean L\u00e2u Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u1ed3i n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam ch\u1ea1y ng\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00f4ng L\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 qua B\u00ecnh S\u01a1n (V\u0129nh Y\u00ean). T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Qu\u00e2n y vi\u1ec7n Li\u00ean khu 10. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 3\/1949 nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n ta \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn oanh li\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ec3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n y ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u00e2n y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf c\u00e1nh r\u1eebng Li\u1ec5n S\u01a1n, x\u00e3 H\u1ed3ng Hoa, huy\u1ec7n Tam D\u01b0\u01a1ng (V\u0129nh Ph\u00fa). B\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p nh\u1eadn th\u00eam nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa \u1edf Chi\u00eam H\u00f3a (Tuy\u00ean Quang) do b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u00e2n y. Tuy b\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb, b\u0103ng b\u00f3, ch\u0103m s\u00f3c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ee9 chi bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 l\u1edbn do \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n quy\u1ec3n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu t\u1ee9 chi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh y khoa. T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1952 t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u2013 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y trong nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u1ea9m nang qu\u00fd b\u00e1u cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n y tham kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh ngay t\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Theo b\u00e1c s\u0129 V\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ch\u00e1nh \u2013 nguy\u00ean ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n Nhi c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u2013 th\u00ec b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 136","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM y t\u1ebf: \u201cM\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec1 ra ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i: kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o b\u00e1c s\u0129 theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c ho\u00e0 b\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111a khoa h\u00f3a c\u00e1n b\u1ed9. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhanh, r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0m ch\u00ednh\u201d. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft bi\u1ebft ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o. V\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu t\u1ee9 chi v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh y khoa \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 khen ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 t\u1eb7ng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1ng ba. T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 kh\u00edch l\u1ec7 n\u00e0y, trong su\u1ed1t 20 n\u0103m (1952-1971) \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh h\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc g\u1ed3m nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp, v\u1edbi 2.000 trang, 900 h\u00ecnh v\u1ebd minh h\u1ecda c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb l\u00e2u b\u1ec1n nh\u01b0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu b\u1ee5ng, Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu ng\u1ef1c\u2026 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Y h\u1ecdc t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m y h\u1ecdc \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng h\u1ecdc, D\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc, Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n\u2026 Sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 vang d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, gia \u0111\u00ecnh b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. V\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4, v\u1edbi ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u00f4ng b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u00e2n y v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962 khi tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1965, \u00f4ng l\u00e0m ph\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Y D\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i H\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 l\u00e0 chuy\u00ean vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu h\u1ecdc. S\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1eadt d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u1ea7y, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 Gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea1i c\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1eb7t c\u1ed5 v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n tr\u1eafc 137","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 GS.TS Itsvan Kiszely \u2013 nh\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a Hungary trong H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00ec: \u201cTo\u00e0n b\u1ed9 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a GS \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ed5 x\u01b0a v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d. Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p th\u1eadt hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y ngh\u1ec9 trong tu\u1ea7n. Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ni\u1ec1m k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng cho c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh vi\u00ean y khoa h\u1eadu th\u1ebf noi theo. Th\u1eadt c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng khi tr\u00ean gi\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ec7nh, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac qua \u0111\u1eddi, trong l\u00fac b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t t\u1ec9nh t\u00e1o, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eafm tay v\u1ee3 d\u1eb7n d\u00f2: \u201cH\u1ec5 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 t\u00f4i t\u1edbi, nh\u1edb nh\u1eafc h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec3n Atlas nh\u00e2n tr\u1eafc nh\u00e9\u201d. \u00d4ng m\u1ea5t l\u00fac 14 gi\u1edd 15 ph\u00fat ng\u00e0y 17\/12\/1985 t\u1ea1i khoa A1, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n 108 trong s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Trong \u0110i\u1ebfu v\u0103n, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u01b0\u1edbng B\u00f9i Ph\u00f9ng - Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0: \u201cB\u1eb1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng khoa h\u1ecdc nghi\u00eam t\u00fac, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho ng\u00e0nh y h\u1ecdc, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc cho ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n y, \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t, k\u1ef9 th\u1ee5\u00e2t cho y h\u1ecdc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111em h\u1ebft kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c gi\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eb9 hi\u1ec1n\u201d. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 Xu\u00e2n H\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i trao t\u1eb7ng nhi\u1ec1u ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng cao qu\u00fd nh\u01b0 Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n C\u00f4ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t, Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Qu\u00e2n k\u1ef3 quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng, Danh hi\u1ec7u anh h\u00f9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t 1)\u2026 Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ph\u1ea7n th\u01b0\u1edfng cao qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n s\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5ng s\u1ef1 y h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u201cc\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf\u201d m\u00e0 Th\u00e1nh y L\u00ea H\u1eefu Tr\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y. 138","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM HO\u00c0NG XU\u00c2N H\u00c3N B\u1ed9 \u00f3c b\u00e1ch khoa c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX N\u0103m 1922, tr\u1eddi c\u00f2n t\u1ed1i m\u1ecbt. Gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i l\u1ea1nh bu\u1ed1t x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eefng c\u1eadu h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Vinh \u0111ang cu\u1ed9n tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 con s\u00e2u n\u1eb1m trong ch\u0103n \u1ea5m. B\u1ed7ng ngo\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa vang l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng gu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9c c\u1ed9c \u0111i d\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh lang v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng ng\u00e2m Ki\u1ec1u ng\u00e2n nga... L\u1ea1i tr\u00f2 H\u00e3n ch\u1ee9 c\u00f2n ai n\u1eefa. C\u1ee9 \u0111\u00fang n\u0103m gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng, b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 tr\u1eddi m\u01b0a hay n\u1eafng, tr\u00f2 H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee9c d\u1eady. G\u1eb7p l\u00fac tr\u1eddi r\u00e9t th\u00ec c\u1eadu tr\u00f9m ch\u0103n k\u00edn m\u00edt, v\u1eeba \u0111i v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i! D\u00f9 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 t\u1eb7ng cho bi\u1ec7t hi\u1ec7u \u201ch\u1ecdc b\u00e0i nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed1c k\u00eau m\u00f9a h\u00e8\u201d, nh\u01b0ng Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n tr\u00f2 H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vinh (1908-1996) l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u0103m h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi. S\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y gi\u00fap c\u1eadu v\u1ec1 sau tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c, \u201chi\u1ec7n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u00f3c b\u00e1ch khoa Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX n\u00e0y\u201d nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh. (Nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c NXB V\u0103n h\u00f3a th\u00f4ng tin - H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - 1998). Sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, vi\u1ec7c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch La S\u01a1n Y\u00ean H\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n 139","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM (3 t\u1eadp - NXB Gi\u00e1o D\u1ee5c 1998) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u0103m 1998. Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n sinh ng\u00e0y 8\/3\/1908 t\u1ea1i th\u00f4n Y\u00ean Ph\u00fac, l\u00e0ng Y\u00ean H\u1ed3, huy\u1ec7n La S\u01a1n (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a t\u00fa t\u00e0i H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n \u1ee8c v\u00e0 b\u00e0 L\u00ea Th\u1ecb \u00c2u. T\u1eeb thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u1ea1i gia \u0111\u00ecnh. Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1917 \u0111\u1ebfn 1926 \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Vinh \u2013 tr\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u0103m (1921-1922) ph\u1ea3i chuy\u1ec3n ra h\u1ecdc \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a. \u00dd th\u1ee9c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u00f4ng t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y \u2013 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9... ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef! \u201cT\u1eeb khi v\u00e0o c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Vinh (1917) hay H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i (1927), t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1edbm nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n \u201cqu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc\u201d v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng l\u00ean c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y ph\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc suy \u0111\u1ed3i, anh em \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa t\u00e2m, \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o c\u0169ng v\u1eeba non n\u1edbt v\u1eeba u\u1ec3 o\u1ea3i. T\u00f4i l\u1ea1i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfng m\u00ecnh thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, th\u00ec d\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u201cc\u00e1ch tri\u201d kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 v\u00e0o t\u1eadp qu\u00e1n d\u00e2n ta, ch\u1ec9 quen v\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u01a1 h\u1ed3, lu\u1ed9m thu\u1ed9m\u201d. Do s\u1edbm \u00fd th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean g\u1ea7n hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m sau \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf ph\u1ea7n sau. N\u00f3i \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i l\u00fac t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o, m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f2n \u0111i h\u1ecdc. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u00ed d\u1ee5. N\u0103m 18 tu\u1ed5i (1926), \u00f4ng l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc Vinh \u0111\u1eadu th\u1ee7 khoa k\u1ef3 thi Th\u00e0nh Chung to\u00e0n Trung k\u1ef3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc trung h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi l\u1edbp 10 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng t\u00fa t\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p. Qua n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n qua h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t ban to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Albert Sarraut. N\u0103m 20 tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc t\u00fa t\u00e0i Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 sang Ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1eebng Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb t\u00fa t\u00e0i t\u00e2n khoa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a x\u1ee9 Ngh\u1ec7 theo ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 khoa c\u1eed m\u1edbi, \u00f4ng ngh\u00e8 Ph\u1ea1m Li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Ni\u1ec7m (th\u00e2n sinh h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n) l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u00c1n s\u00e1t t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft t\u1eb7ng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i (Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n d\u1ecbch): 140","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u1ed3ng Lam chung \u0111\u00fac, t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i, vui n\u00f3i t\u00e2n khoa v\u1ec1 c\u1ef1u t\u1ed9c; \u00c2u \u00c1 v\u0103n minh, \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u00f3a, h\u00e3y \u0111em c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf d\u1eabn thanh ni\u00ean. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd c\u00e2u c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf (x\u00edch x\u00ed) l\u00e0 d\u1eabn theo t\u00edch H\u00e1n Cao T\u1ed5 \u0111\u1eddi x\u01b0a b\u00ean Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i \u1ee9ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng sau n\u00e0y. Sang Ph\u00e1p t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1928, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc To\u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p, To\u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u1edf Lyc\u00e9e Saint Louis (Paris). Hai n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng thi \u0111\u1eadu v\u00e0o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00e1ch khoa nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1n Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc. S\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1eadt kh\u1ee7ng khi\u1ebfp. N\u0103m 26 tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng, 27 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n To\u00e1n, 28 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1eadu Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 To\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng n\u00e0y. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1936 (28 tu\u1ed5i), \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ea1y Trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ecb c\u1ea5p \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u0103m 1936, t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi c\u0169, nh\u01b0ng nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5i ra lo\u1ea1i Lyc\u00e9e v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trung h\u1ecdc T\u00e2y. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 g\u1eafn li\u1ec1n v\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u1eadp Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng bao l\u00e2u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u00c2u ch\u00e2u b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, binh \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c tr\u1ebb Vi\u1ec7t Nam li\u1ec1n th\u1ea5y v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i, trong h\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u00f3a g\u1ed1c. T\u00f4i c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m b\u1ea1n l\u1eadp ra t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 \u0111em in Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Th\u1eadt ra, b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd t\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n hi\u1ec1m nghi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n cao c\u1ea5p\u201d. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4ng l\u01b0u t\u00e2m t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vinh th\u00ec nay \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, cu\u1ed1n Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh n\u0103m 1939 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1942. \u00d4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cM\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1ea3ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghe c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef t\u01b0\u01a1ng 141","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1ed3ng trong khi b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng phu, nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i khuy\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc Nam K\u1ef3 trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng n\u0103m 1943 v\u1edbi \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u00e0 thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u0169ng n\u1eb1m trong xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc, t\u1edd b\u00e1o Khoa h\u1ecdc do \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 ra \u0111\u1eddi. Ngay \u1edf s\u1ed1 1 ra ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/1942 trong l\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \u201cTruy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc cho nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u00ecm m\u1ed9t t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 chung \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u1edbi cho qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. T\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y in nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 soi r\u1ecdi v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng \u00e1ng v\u0103n hay. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n v\u1edbi c\u00e2u th\u01a1 Ki\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Du: \u0110\u00eam thu gi\u00f3 l\u1ecdt song \u0111\u00e0o N\u1eeda v\u1ea7ng tr\u0103ng khuy\u1ebft ba sao gi\u1eefa tr\u1eddi th\u00ec l\u00fac \u1ea5y l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y gi\u1edd? B\u1eb1ng lu\u1eadn ch\u1ee9ng khoa h\u1ecdc, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e1n ra r\u1eb1ng, c\u00f4 Ki\u1ec1u b\u1ecb b\u1ecdn Khuy\u1ec3n \u01afng, Khuy\u1ec3n Ph\u1ec7 b\u1eaft kho\u1ea3ng ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 4-9 v\u00e0o gi\u1edd Tu\u1ea5t v\u00e0 c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec1u quay v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00e2y Nam. Th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 d\u00ed d\u1ecfm \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng. D\u00f2ng m\u00e1u th\u00f4ng minh, uy\u00ean b\u00e1c v\u00e0 d\u00ed d\u1ecfm n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u00f4ng khi tham gia H\u1ed9i truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef theo ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1938 do h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u1ed1 l\u00e0m H\u1ed9i tr\u01b0\u1edfng m\u00e0 trong Ban Chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u00f3 V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban Tu th\u01b0. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 - B\u00e1c s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n C\u1eedu Ki\u1ebfn cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cV\u1ed1n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc, th\u1ea7y Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t sau: H\u1ecdc vi\u00ean truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n, d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u00e3 l\u1edbn, l\u00e0m thu\u00ea, l\u00e0m m\u01b0\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eaft m\u1eb7t t\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00eam trong s\u1ef1 m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t v\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ea7n. N\u1ebfu l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn th\u00ec h\u1ecd d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1n v\u00e0 b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc. Do \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111em c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng cho tr\u1ebb em \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho h\u1ecd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u1ea1y v\u1ee1 l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u201cph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh ti\u1ebfng\u201d kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169 \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh v\u1ea7n t\u1eebng ch\u1eef\u201d. N\u00f3 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, d\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n\u201d (b\u00e1o S\u00e0i G\u00f2n Gi\u1ea3i Ph\u00f3ng s\u1ed1 26\/3\/1996). Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, 142","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef m\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb v\u00ec n\u00f3 vui, d\u00ed d\u1ecfm: I t\u1edd gi\u1ed1ng m\u00f3c c\u1ea3 hai I ng\u1eafn c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5m, t\u1edd d\u00e0i c\u00f3 mang U l\u00e0 hai m\u00f3c li\u1ec1n nhau Ch\u1eef \u01af kh\u00e1c b\u1edfi c\u00f3 r\u00e2u tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u O tr\u00f2n nh\u01b0 qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ee9ng g\u00e0 \u00d4 th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169, \u01a0 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 r\u00e2u R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y 5 d\u1ea5u s\u1eafc, huy\u1ec1n, h\u1ecfi, ng\u00e3, n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u: Huy\u1ec1n ngang, s\u1eafc d\u1ecdc, n\u1eb7ng tr\u00f2n H\u1ecfi khom l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng, ng\u00e3 bu\u1ed3n n\u1eb1m ngang Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o di\u1ec7t d\u1ed1t b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c, t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong phong tr\u00e0o n\u00e0y: Ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn b\u00ecnh Ng\u00f4, truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00e1o; Ch\u00ed th\u00e0nh di\u1ec7t d\u1ed1t, d\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch V\u1ea7n qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef - Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc i t\u1edd c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m khi Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o \u201cdi\u1ec7t gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t\u201d. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 tho\u00e1t n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng t\u1eeb ba \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ng\u00e0y 9\/3\/1945 Nh\u1eadt l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 Ph\u00e1p, chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 20\/4\/1945 \u0111\u1ebfn 20\/8\/1945 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 ban h\u00e0nh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef cho c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc, r\u1ed3i \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 thi t\u00fa t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t \u2013 m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y ch\u00fang ta quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cCh\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh trung h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n\u201d. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh \u1edf m\u1ecdi c\u1ea5p gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. Sau ng\u00e0y ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim t\u1eeb 143","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ch\u1ee9c, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u. Ngay sau khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh ti\u1ebfp. Th\u00e1ng 4\/1946 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Vi\u1ec7t Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t m\u1edf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u1eed l\u00e0m Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch Ti\u1ec3u ban Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Sau h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng tham gia gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1c kh\u00f3a hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng V\u00f5 b\u1ecb Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u1ed1c Tu\u1ea5n. L\u00fac n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb k\u1eb9t l\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Trong th\u00e1ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, b\u00ed m\u1eadt li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, n\u0103m 1949, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t, l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i t\u1eeb m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1939, khi \u0110\u1ed3ng minh th\u1ea3 bom xu\u1ed1ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng theo tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u00e0o Thanh H\u00f3a. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1n d\u00e3 nh\u1eb1m t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm 144","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n di t\u00edch \u0110\u00f2 L\u00e8n n\u01a1i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1edd anh h\u00f9ng L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y b\u1ed1n t\u1ea5m bia v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XI v\u00e0 XII c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn danh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng, c\u00e1c s\u1eed gia ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. R\u1ed3i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t h\u1eadu du\u1ec7 t\u00e1m \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ebfp La S\u01a1n phu t\u1eed, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0, th\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a vua Quang Trung g\u1eedi cho Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ebfp. R\u1ed3i t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ch\u1eaft \u0111\u00edch t\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Bi\u1ec3u, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a danh t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y vi\u1ebft t\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n (1406) v.v... T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u2013 t\u1eeb gia ph\u1ed5, t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u00f2n s\u00f3t l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t \u0111i\u1ec1n d\u00e3 r\u1ed3i tham kh\u1ea3o th\u00eam \u1edf c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Nguy\u1ec5n Bi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t g\u01b0\u01a1ng ngh\u0129a li\u1ec7t (1941) L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t (1949) La S\u01a1n Phu T\u1eed (1951)... m\u00e0 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f2n c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ec1 l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u00f2i b\u00fat uy\u00ean b\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t s\u1eed gia. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1950 gia \u0111\u00ecnh Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u01b0 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p. Sang \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a trang, c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng m\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm bia m\u1ed9 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh th\u1ee3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u1ebft \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, b\u00e1o tin cho th\u00e2n nh\u00e2n gia \u0111\u00ecnh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc bi\u1ebft, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00fa t\u00e2m v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1951-1954 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ed1c gia Ph\u00e1p, c\u00e1c th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n D\u00f2ng T\u00ean \u1edf \u00dd v\u00e0 t\u00f2a th\u00e1nh Vatican l\u00e0m th\u01b0 m\u1ee5c v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng cho in Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m d\u1ecb kh\u1ea3o. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 b\u1ed1n b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Phan Huy \u00cdch, \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec3m, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1ea3n v\u00e0 V\u00f4 Danh (v\u00ec ch\u01b0a t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3) sau khi \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu t\u1eebng c\u00e2u, t\u1eebng ch\u1eef v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4n. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng phu n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y \u201cs\u1ed1c\u201d cho gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, b\u1edfi l\u1ebd, theo \u00f4ng, b\u1ea3n Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m \u0111ang l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh l\u00e2u nay l\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Phan Huy \u00cdch ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Th\u1ecb \u0110i\u1ec3m nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng bi\u1ebft! V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u00f4ng n\u00eau ra cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ng\u00e3 ng\u0169, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tranh lu\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, v\u1edbi b\u1ed9 \u00f3c uy\u00ean th\u00e2m v\u1ec1 di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh... K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed t\u1ea1i H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n qu\u1ed1c gia khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p! L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea5p x\u1ec9 b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o l\u1ee9a tu\u1ed5i \u201cng\u0169 145","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u1eadp tri thi\u00ean m\u1ec7nh!\u201d. GS \u0110inh Ng\u1ecdc L\u00e2n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m chi\u1ebfu x\u1ea1 vi\u1ec7n N\u0103ng t\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1eddi gian b\u00e1c H\u00e3n h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (1956-1958) l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, sau khi Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 cho ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Opninxc\u01a1 g\u1ea7n Matxc\u01a1va (th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1954). Nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng GCR, d\u00f9ng nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u l\u00e0 uranium thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean (uranium naturel), d\u00f9ng kh\u00ed CO2 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh (ch\u1eef GCR l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Anh: Gaz cooled reactor - l\u00f2 l\u00e0m l\u1ea1nh b\u1eb1ng kh\u00ed). L\u00fac n\u00e0y M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 l\u00e0 hai n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ra uranium gi\u00e0u (uranium enrichi - B\u00e1c H\u00e3n d\u00f9ng danh t\u1eeb \u201curanium t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d). Trong hai s\u1ed1 li\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed C\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nguy\u00ean t\u1eed, b\u00e1c H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 t\u00ecm ra ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ednh to\u00e1n d\u00f9ng cho lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng uranium thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c C\u00f4ng ty \u0110i\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c Ph\u00e1p (EDF - Electricit\u00e9 de France) d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn c\u00e1c l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p l\u00fac \u1ea5y. N\u0103m 1956, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u uranium \u1edf Pierrelatte c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o ra uranium gi\u00e0u 2-3% d\u00f9ng cho l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng PWR (pressurized water reactor - l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t) l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ednh \u01b0u vi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf M\u1ef9, Li\u00ean X\u00f4. T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecf lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 uranium thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n qua lo\u1ea1i l\u00f2 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p su\u1ea5t. C\u0169ng t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y b\u00e1c H\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n cho l\u00f2 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nguy\u00ean t\u1eed n\u1eefa\u201d. M\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c si\u00eau ph\u00e0m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 thay! V\u00e0 m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 s\u1ed1ng xa T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u1ed9i ngu\u1ed3n. D\u00f9 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t ki\u1ec1u y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1i b\u00e0y t\u1ecf th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ch\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9. C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh h\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u00e1ng v\u0103n c\u1ed5 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ednh, ch\u00fa th\u00edch t\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1eadn nh\u01b0 Mai \u0110\u00ecnh m\u1ed9ng k\u00fd, B\u00edch C\u00e2u k\u1ef3 ng\u1ed9, Truy\u1ec7n Song Tinh, \u0110\u1ea1i Nam qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed di\u1ec5n ca... ho\u1eb7c vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Ho\u00e0ng Sa, H\u1ed3 Xu\u00e2n H\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi v\u1ecbnh H\u1ea1 Long... T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1966-1974, \u00f4ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed S\u1eed \u0110\u1ecba c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u201cM\u1ed9t v\u00e0i k\u00fd v\u00e3ng v\u1ec1 146","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t\u201d v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng tham d\u1ef1 h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb theo y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed n\u00e0y. Vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169, nh\u01b0ng sau n\u00e0y, Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u1eabn in l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh s\u00e1ch (1996). R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed bi\u1ebft ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ec3 tr\u00ean, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 L\u1ecbch v\u00e0 L\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam. GS Phan Huy L\u00ea, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c H\u00e3n. Tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, b\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng l\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 l\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00e1c l\u1ecbch Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ee9c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ecbch m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch chu\u1ea9n x\u00e1c, ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i. \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 b\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n l\u1ecbch ph\u00e1p Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0o, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Emmanuel Hublot b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cC\u00e1c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng H\u00e3n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 \u0111a d\u1ea1ng phong ph\u00fa, \u1edf m\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao nh\u1ea5t, c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c nhau, ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1ch khoa theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a \u0111en c\u1ee7a t\u1eeb n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng d\u00e0nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng, khi \u0111\u01b0a v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea1t t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ti\u00eau chu\u1ea9n do khoa h\u1ecdc quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng d\u00e0nh v\u1ecb tr\u00ed h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u cho t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec, trong c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd v\u00e0o l\u00f2ng y\u00eau ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n b\u1ea5t v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i. Ngo\u00e0i 80 xu\u00e2n, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u1eb7m c\u1ee5i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u00ednh Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u \u2013 nh\u1eb1m kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u0103n b\u1ea3n g\u1ea7n nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a thi h\u00e0o Nguy\u1ec5n Du. C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng thay, tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac t\u1eeb gi\u00e3 c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 ch\u00fac T\u1ebft cho c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00f3p \u00fd ch\u00e2n t\u00ecnh. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n \u201cV\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf, s\u1ef1 m\u1edf c\u1eeda cho ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 d\u0129 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00e2n m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, h\u1ecdc qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng c\u01a1 s\u1edf, n\u00e2ng d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd 147","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e1p \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng lao l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c anh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi t\u00f4i r\u1eb1ng th\u00e0 thi\u1ec7t th\u00f2i ch\u00fat \u00edt b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ee3 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1ec1 sau cho con ch\u00e1u, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd tr\u1ea3 h\u1ebft l\u00e3i\u201d. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng trong l\u00e1 th\u01b0 n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Khai b\u00fat n\u0103m B\u00ednh T\u00fd (1996): T\u00e1m ch\u1ee5c may r\u1ed3i s\u1eafp ch\u00edn m\u01b0\u01a1i, S\u1ee9c ch\u1eebng th\u00eam \u0111u\u1ed1i, t\u00ednh th\u00eam l\u01b0\u1eddi. S\u1eed nh\u00e0 b\u1ea1n c\u0169 \u00f4n kh\u00f4ng th\u1eb9n, V\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh s\u1ea7u m\u1ed9ng s\u1ebd t\u01b0\u01a1i V\u0103n ng\u1eef th\u1eddi x\u01b0a t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm g\u1ed1c, Tinh hoa thu\u1edf m\u1edbi g\u1eafng \u0111ua ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tu\u1ed5i cao nh\u01b0ng ch\u00ed c\u00f2n trai tr\u1ebb, M\u1eaft \u0111\u1ecdc tay bi\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng v\u1eabn c\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i tr\u00e1i tim lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0, kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c lu\u00f4n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o l\u00fac 7 gi\u1edd 45 ng\u00e0y 10\/3\/1996 t\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Orsay (Nam Paris). Ch\u1ec9 ba ng\u00e0y sau, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc CHXHCN Vi\u1ec7t Nam L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c Anh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh truy t\u1eb7ng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u1ea1ng Nh\u00ec cho c\u1ed1 GS Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n. Sang Ph\u00e1p, n\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u00fac L\u00e2m thi\u1ec1n vi\u1ec7n x\u00e2y tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ed3i Villebon - Yvette, c\u00e1ch Paris 25km - \u1eaft s\u1ebd nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn quang c\u1ea3nh th\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a r\u1eebng Y\u00ean T\u1eed. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 g\u1ee3i l\u00ean m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian r\u1ea5t thi\u1ec1n, r\u1ea5t \u00c1 \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ta ch\u1eafc h\u1eb3n b\u1ed3i h\u1ed3i, x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng khi bi\u1ebft nh\u00fam tro thi h\u00e0i h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3: Th\u1ec3 g\u1eedi x\u1ee9 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1eeda Ph\u1eadt, H\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t Vi\u1ec7t vi\u1ebfng qu\u00ea nh\u00e0. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5t \u0111i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9 tinh hoa, di s\u1ea3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n h\u1eefu \u00edch cho nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eddi sau. Kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cch\u1ebft\u201d \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n th\u1eadt v\u00f4 ngh\u0129a. 148","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM PH\u1ea0M NG\u1eccC TH\u1ea0CH Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf BCG ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng lao \u201cB\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, Anh h\u00f9ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, anh d\u0169ng, th\u00f4ng minh, gi\u00e0u n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u00ednh s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u201d (Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng). \u201cDo t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh hi\u1ebfm c\u00f3 v\u00e0 qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u1ea5y, cho n\u00ean n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn anh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d (Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 Andr\u00e9 Roussel). \u201cCh\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 y\u00eau qu\u00fd nh\u00e2n c\u00e1ch cao qu\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, tr\u00ed B\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch th\u00f4ng minh v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh (1909-1968) ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t \u0111au bu\u1ed3n v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i coi nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n\u201d (V\u0103n h\u00e0o Jean Paul Sartre). Ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1eddi sau, kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang g\u00ec gi\u1edbi y h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi kh\u00e1c v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 7\/5\/1909 trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, cha l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ecd v\u00e0 m\u1eb9 thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c Hu\u1ebf. Tuy m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i s\u1edbm, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a anh ch\u1ecb, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 du h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 Y khoa Ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1934. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u1ea5t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a 149"]
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