Kể chuyện danh nhân Việt Nam tập 3 - Danh nhân khoa học Việt Nam

["B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 lao c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng an nh\u00e0n, sung t\u00fac, \u00eam \u1ea5m, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c cho Ph\u00e1p. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, kh\u00f4ng. Trong l\u00e1 th\u01b0 g\u1eedi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00ecnh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1ee3 ch\u01b0a c\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Marie Louise, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cAnh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i cho em bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc anh lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3. Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi anh s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc anh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. N\u1ebfu em \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh, h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi anh. Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd s\u1ed1ng b\u00ean nhau\u201d. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u n\u1ec1 n\u1ebfp c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c, nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng c\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, Marie Louise \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed3ng cam c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5 c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng tr\u00ean n\u1ebbo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. V\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng m\u1edf ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch ri\u00eang ch\u1eefa lao tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Chasseloup Laubat. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, c\u1ea3 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed7i ph\u00f2ng m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 c\u00f3 m\u00e1y chi\u1ebfu quang tuy\u1ebfn X. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng tr\u00e1ng ki\u1ec7n nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1c s\u0129, \u0111\u1eb9p trai, t\u00f3c c\u1eaft ng\u1eafn, n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p theo gi\u1ecdng Paris c\u00f2n chu\u1ea9n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00f3ng xe h\u01a1i \u0111i kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u1ec5 l\u1ea7m t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 ki\u00eau k\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng, \u00f4ng vui t\u00ednh, hay c\u01b0\u1eddi, g\u1ea7n g\u0169i v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n g\u1ecdi th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 \u201c\u00f4ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n\u201d! V\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n v\u1edbi b\u00ed danh T\u01b0 Th\u1ea1ch, T\u01b0 \u0110\u00e1. Ai gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 \u00f4ng? Theo gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u: \u201cHo\u00e0n to\u00e0n sai c\u00e1i tin \u0111\u1ed3n Gi\u00e0u gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 cho \u00f4ng Th\u1ea1ch. Kh\u00f4ng. Th\u1ea1ch gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i do t\u00f4i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i \u201cc\u00f4ng\u201d gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p hai th\u1eafc m\u1eafc l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1ch l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0: li\u1ec7u \u0110\u1ee9c Hitler c\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng? V\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0: m\u1ed9t \u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p, ta b\u1ebb kh\u00f4ng g\u1eaby, b\u00e2y gi\u1edd hai \u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p Nh\u1eadt ch\u1ed3ng l\u00ean c\u1ed5 th\u00ec ta c\u00f2n hy v\u1ecdng g\u00ec? Th\u1eafc m\u1eafc ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng ri\u00eang g\u00ec cho Th\u1ea1ch. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p th\u00f4ng su\u1ed1t. Ch\u1eafc c\u0169ng do \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Th\u1ea1ch c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, trong hai l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tr\u00ed v\u1eadn (v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, c\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9c) v\u00e0 thanh v\u1eadn (v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng trong thanh ni\u00ean h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean). Th\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2n ch\u1ea5t, d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, giao thi\u1ec7p r\u1ed9ng, quen bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tr\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t, Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt. Cho n\u00ean anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u 150","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ed1t cho b\u1ecdn t\u00f4i b\u1eaft m\u1ed1i v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t cho b\u1ecdn t\u00f4i d\u00e8 ch\u1eebng. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n anh v\u00e0 v\u1edbi anh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Th\u1ee7, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ea5n Ph\u00e1t, sinh vi\u00ean \u201cx\u1ebfp b\u00fat nghi\u00ean\u201d, Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3ng, \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u201cb\u1ef1\u201d, t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed1c ph\u1ee7 Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 kinh doanh n\u1ea5u s\u1eaft \u0111\u00fac th\u00e9p Kha V\u1ea1n C\u00e2n, t\u1eeb nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng V\u0103n V\u0129, ch\u01b0a k\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 kh\u1eafc kh\u1ed5 Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u1ec1u. Cho hay, giao ph\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn tr\u00ed v\u1eadn cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00fang, \u0111em l\u1ea1i k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 mong \u0111\u1ee3i\u201d. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh. D\u00f9 h\u1ecdc t\u00e2y y, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng tr\u1ea7m m\u1eb7c. Tu\u00e2n theo l\u1eddi l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a Y th\u00e1nh L\u00e3n \u00d4ng L\u00ea H\u1eefu Tr\u00e1c, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u201ctr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1ebfu h\u1ecd t\u00fang thi\u1ebfu\u201d. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Mai V\u0103n T\u1ea1o c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i theo l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu H\u1ea1nh: N\u0103m 1939, t\u1eeb V\u0129nh Long l\u00ean S\u00e0i G\u00f2n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 v\u00f4 tuy\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u00f4ng H\u1ea1nh ph\u1ea3i nu\u00f4i ch\u1ecb m\u00ecnh \u0111ang b\u1ec7nh n\u1eb7ng. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn ph\u00f2ng tr\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb, bi\u1ebft ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ecb em \u00f4ng H\u1ea1nh r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111\u1ed1c-t\u01a1\u201d Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00e0nh cho \u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn. Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng tr\u00e1i tim nh\u00e2n h\u1eadu nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sau n\u00e0y, khi g\u1eedi th\u01b0 khuy\u00ean c\u00e1c con m\u00ecnh ra s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n sinh quan c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng trong t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m x\u00fac g\u00ec h\u1ebft khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng, tr\u00e1i tim kh\u00f4ng s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c c\u0103m th\u00f9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 d\u00e3 man c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 d\u00f9 c\u00f3 gi\u1ecfi l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00e8n y\u1ebfu trong h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t m\u1ecdi quan h\u1ec7 v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady d\u00f9 m\u1ed3m c\u00f3 n\u00f3i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng.\u201d \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng. N\u1eeda khuya ng\u00e0y 9\/3\/1945, ph\u00e1t-x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p. Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u00fang hu\u00eanh hoang tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u201ccho\u201d Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp! Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb l\u1eeba v\u1edbi mi\u1ebfng b\u00e1nh v\u1ebd n\u00e0y. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, Ban th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp H\u1ed9i 151","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ngh\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea1i \u0110\u00ecnh B\u1ea3ng (T\u1eeb S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc Ninh) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cSau cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t-x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh \u2013 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, duy nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 tay sai\u201d tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed5i th\u00e0nh \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t-x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 tay sai\u201d v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch \u201cth\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d. C\u00f2n ph\u00eda Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, ch\u00fang h\u00e0 h\u01a1i ti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9c cho ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c th\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ee5c Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea3ng, Thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 v.v\u2026 v\u00e0 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang: \u201cC\u00e1c anh h\u00e3y ch\u1ecdn l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt ho\u1eb7c b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t\u201d. V\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 3\/1945, I\u0111a \u2013 Quy\u1ec1n T\u1ed5ng tr\u01b0\u1edfng Thanh ni\u00ean \u2013 th\u1ec3 thao \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch. Y ng\u1ecf \u00fd m\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ra th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c d\u00e0nh cho thanh ni\u00ean S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, t\u00f9y \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean g\u1ecdi, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u00ean t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin n\u00e0y X\u1ee9 u\u1ef7 Nam K\u1ef3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebf t\u1ef1u k\u1ebf\u201d: giao cho Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch c\u00f9ng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ee9ng ra t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thanh ni\u00ean c\u00f4ng khai, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 thu h\u00fat \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb, ng\u00e0y 1\/6\/1945 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong ra \u0111\u1eddi \u2013 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch. V\u1ec1 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c: d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c tr\u00e1ng sinh c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eeb 18 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong; trang ph\u1ee5c: \u00e1o s\u01a1-mi tr\u1eafng ng\u1eafn tay, qu\u1ea7n so\u1ecdc xanh, m\u0169 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0nh; trang b\u1ecb: g\u1eady t\u1ea7m v\u00f4ng, dao g\u0103m, cu\u1ed9n d\u00e2y th\u1eebng; \u0111o\u00e0n ca: ca kh\u00fac L\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng nh\u1ea1c L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eddi Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3ng; c\u1edd: n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng; kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: Thanh ni\u00ean - Ti\u1ebfn!; c\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn: b\u00e1o Ti\u1ebfn ra h\u1eb1ng tu\u1ea7n; tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf: 14 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Charner (nay l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Nguy\u1ec5n Hu\u1ec7). Phong tr\u00e0o Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng ra to\u00e0n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn h\u01a1n m\u1ed9t tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong \u0111\u00e3 ba l\u1ea7n bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, hai l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i V\u01b0\u1eddn \u00d4ng Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng (nay l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean Tao \u0110\u00e0n - TP.HCM) v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n t\u1ea1i C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u01b0a qu\u00ean trong nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i m\u00edt 152","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM tinh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3 h\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc. Nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng v\u1ed7 tay vang d\u1ed9i sau khi \u00f4ng d\u1ee9t l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi thanh ni\u00ean: - H\u1ee1i qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, h\u00e3y ch\u1ee9ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi th\u1ec1 anh em Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong, h\u00e3y nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong l\u00e0 ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd tranh \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi giang san. V\u1eady ai c\u00f2n l\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1ef1, ai c\u00f2n nh\u00fat nh\u00e1t h\u00e3y gia nh\u1eadp h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ed s\u0129 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u01b0a, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta, \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft th\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam! C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, v\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: \u201cth\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 linh ho\u1ea1t, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a X\u1ee9 u\u1ef7 Ti\u1ec1n Phong, X\u1ee9 u\u1ef7 \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft n\u1eafm th\u1eddi c\u01a1, m\u1ea1nh b\u1ea1o v\u00e0 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng khai \u0111\u1ec3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng xoay chuy\u1ec3n t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, h\u1ee5t h\u1eb3n sau kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u1ef3, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1ea3y v\u1ecdt ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng c\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 Nam B\u1ed9 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d(1). Khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 ra, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch h\u0103ng h\u00e1i ra b\u01b0ng bi\u1ec1n, l\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch U\u1ef7 ban kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u00e1nh khu S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn. Gi\u1eefa ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n c\u01b0\u1edbp n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch v\u1eabn h\u0103ng say c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c. \u00d4ng \u0111i nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb Nam ra B\u1eafc, xuy\u00ean r\u1eebng l\u1ed9i su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1m s\u00e1t phong tr\u00e0o, b\u00e1m s\u00e1t c\u01a1 s\u1edf. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n trong v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c bao v\u00e2y, n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u00e1m \u1ea3nh t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi dao \u0111\u1ed9ng mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ea1y v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng t\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfm, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh xe ch\u1edf g\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c. Chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia \u0111\u1ec1u cho d\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u201c trung th\u00e0nh\u201d v\u1edbi c\u1ee7 m\u00ec, c\u1ee7 s\u1eafn! (1) Thanh ni\u00ean Ti\u1ec1n Phong v\u00e0 c\u00e1c phong tr\u00e0o H\u1ecdc sinh sinh vi\u00ean th\u1ee9c S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Hu\u1ef3nh V\u0103n Ti\u1ec3ng - B\u00f9i \u0110\u1ee9c T\u1ecbnh (NXB Tr\u1ebb 1995). 153","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM D\u00f9 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng ng\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c, nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n say m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n nh\u01b0 thu\u1edf n\u00e0o. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111i b\u1ed9 ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n th\u0103m b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169 l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 V\u00f5 T\u1ed1 \u2013 ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf Li\u00ean khu 5 \u2013 \u0111ang \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5y Philatov - lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c mang t\u00ean nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Li\u00ean X\u00f4 P.V. Philatov (1875-1955) trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u1ea5y nu\u00f4i t\u1ebf b\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1eefa s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t theo kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Thi\u1ec7n Th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng Trung \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. \u00d4ng \u1edf l\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a k\u00edch sinh ch\u1ea5t Philatov. V\u1edbi kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa lao. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 g\u1ecdi ra B\u1eafc v\u00e0 giao nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch. T\u1eeb sau ng\u00e0y h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00e0nh h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian cho y h\u1ecdc. Th\u00e1ng 7\/1958, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Tr\u00ed, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh \u0111au tim, \u0111ang l\u00e0 Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng ki\u00eam Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng lao Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00ean thay. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng lo ng\u1ea1i. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: 80% ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai mang b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t; 4% ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng b\u1ecb lao ph\u1ed5i, 2% m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh; \u0111a s\u1ed1 \u0111au m\u1eaft h\u1ed9t, b\u1ec7nh hoa li\u1ec5u c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i kh\u00e1c. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft m\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ph\u1ea3i lo cho d\u00e2n. V\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? \u201cAnh \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i l\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c, m\u1edf th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n cao m\u00e0 thanh to\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t h\u1eb1ng tr\u0103m n\u0103m m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u201d(2) m\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh, t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf c\u00f2n ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00e3: (2) \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng - NXB Y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao, 1969, tr.17. 154","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u201cGi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c: x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi y t\u1ebf t\u1eeb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1edbi x\u00e3 v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1ec7 sinh ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh, ph\u00f2ng d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 ti\u00eam ch\u1ee7ng c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, phong tr\u00e0o b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 tr\u1ebb em, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c men v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n\u201d(3). Trong chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng n\u00f3i v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di quan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cCh\u00fang ta h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh h\u00f4m nay v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y mai. C\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi h\u1ecd, c\u00e0ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm ch\u1eafc th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o\u201d. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c th\u1eeba k\u1ebf, ph\u00e1t huy y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m C\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00fd lu\u1eadn y h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (S\u1edf Y t\u1ebf Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh in 1983), \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cVi\u1ec7c xem khinh y h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n, y h\u1ecdc d\u00e2n gian c\u00f3 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c giai c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u00f3 giai c\u1ea5p m\u00e0 giai c\u1ea5p th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb l\u00e0 giai c\u1ea5p t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00f4n v\u00f9i v\u1ed1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho \u0110\u00f4ng y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i v\u0103n ho\u00e1, kinh nghi\u1ec7m v\u0103n ho\u00e1 trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d (trang 37) v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi nghi\u00eam t\u00fac t\u1ea1i sao ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch b\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ed5 truy\u1ec1n, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u00f9 qu\u00e1ng, m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc; t\u1ea1i sao kh\u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ea1i sao m\u1ee1 g\u1ea5u l\u00e0m tr\u0129 r\u00fat nh\u1ecf l\u1ea1i? Trong m\u1ee1 g\u1ea5u c\u00f3 ch\u1ea5t g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf \u2013 \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. (3) \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng - NXB Y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao, 1969, tr.17. 155","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM V\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ed1ng lao c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u00e0 l\u00e0 u\u1ef7 vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a Ban ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng lao qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng lao b\u1eb1ng vi tr\u00f9ng BCG ch\u1ebft, sau ba n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y. Khi th\u1ea5y k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt th\u0103m d\u00f2 h\u1ec7 th\u0103m d\u00f2 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c n\u1ed9i m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a Halpern ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ngay ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh c\u01a1 s\u1edf khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 v\u00f5ng m\u1ea1c n\u1ed9i m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a BCG ch\u1ebft. S\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch gi\u1ebft vi tr\u00f9ng m\u00e0 v\u1eabn b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0103cxin tho\u00e1t ly kh\u1ecfi b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 t\u1ee7 l\u1ea1nh. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u d\u00f9 l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng ho\u1eb7c mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai xa x\u00f4i, h\u1ebbo l\u00e1nh v\u00e0 c\u1ea7n l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kinh t\u1ebf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t C\u1ed3 \u2013 nguy\u00ean Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n lao v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cT\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962, vi\u1ec7c ti\u00eam ph\u00f2ng lao b\u1eb1ng BCG ch\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Cho t\u1edbi l\u00fac chuy\u1ec3n sang d\u00f9ng BCG s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4, h\u01a1n 20 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng b\u1eb1ng lo\u1ea1i v\u0103cxin \u0111\u00f3. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eam nh\u1eafc h\u00e0ng n\u0103m, v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n chuy\u1ec3n h\u1eb3n sang d\u00f9ng vacxin BCG s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f4ng kh\u00f4. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh b\u1ec7nh lao hi\u1ec7n nay, lao m\u00e0ng n\u00e3o b\u1edbt h\u1eb3n, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n l\u00e0 do c\u00f4ng lao t\u00ecm t\u00f2i suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a anh\u201d. V\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1eefa lao B\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong b\u1eb1ng rimiph\u00f4n v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m 156","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Philatov ti\u00eam \u1edf huy\u1ec7t ph\u1ed5i, r\u1ebb t\u1eeb 5 \u0111\u1ebfn 10 l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng xuptilit \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa lao, b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ec7nh nhi\u1ec5m tr\u00f9ng kh\u00e1c nh\u1edd t\u00ecm ra m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng nu\u00f4i c\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng cho\u00e1ng NT9\u2026 Nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 y h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u00ec n\u00f3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t trong c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: \u201cTrong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i ra, c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00eau v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. V\u00e0 c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 cao xa ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p, m\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng sao cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u01a1 s\u1edf, qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n\u201d. C\u0169ng ch\u00ednh xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u00ean, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra d\u1ecbch t\u1ec5 h\u1ecdc b\u1ec7nh lao ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1eb1ng th\u1eed \u0111\u1eddm \u2013 th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh \u2013 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf y t\u1ebf l\u01b0u \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u0169ng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u xong, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean.. ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh! N\u1ebfu g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u00f3 h\u1ea1i th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t g\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m khoa h\u1ecdc, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ngo\u00e0i m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn v\u1eabn th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u00f4ng ch\u1ebf ra ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1m toan \u2013 d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb m\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng \u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 \u0103n. Sau khi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o xong, \u00f4ng th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5, ch\u1ec9 \u0103n c\u01a1m v\u00e0o chi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y. Th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 s\u00fat c\u00e2n. \u00d4ng vui v\u1ebb n\u00f3i v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi: - Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai ng\u00e0n ca-lo m\u1edbi s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1ea1i sao m\u00ecnh \u0103n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0n r\u01b0\u1edfi ca-lo m\u00e0 v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa b\u1ed5 sung v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf bi\u1ebfn l\u1ea1i. Th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0103n \u0111\u1ea1m toan, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u1ea7y th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3m c\u00e2n, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi cho s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t g\u1eedi ra ti\u1ec1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i: - Ng\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1edbc, m\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc, c\u00f2n nh\u1edb c\u00e2u: \u201cM\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111au kh\u1ed5 m\u1edbi 157","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 th\u00f4ng c\u1ea3m n\u1ed7i \u0111au kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c\u201d. Thu\u1ed1c m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m ra, mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebft ti\u00eam v\u00e0o ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta n\u00f3 g\u00e2y \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, th\u00ec m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i th\u1eed cho m\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc; n\u1ebfu n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a t\u1ed1t th\u00ec m\u00ecnh m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft m\u00e0 s\u1eeda cho t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n. Ta ch\u1ebf thu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec c\u00e1i g\u00ec kh\u00e1c c\u1ea3. Khi c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n d\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c y t\u1ebf n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Do th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0 b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed tuy\u1ebfn tr\u00ean g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng cho tuy\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1edbi, cho n\u00ean gi\u1eefa th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn, m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi y t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta \u1edf c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, g\u1ea5p 4,5 l\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi b\u00ecnh; v\u1edbi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf th\u00ec \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ed5 t\u00fac c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 \u201cchuy\u00ean m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u\u201d, \u201cngo\u1ea1i khoa ho\u00e1 cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00edch nghi v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh\u2026 Quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0: \u201cM\u1ef9 c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, ta c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eb1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. Ta ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi y t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 c\u01a1 s\u1edf ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh, c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng, ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf ta chuy\u1ec3n th\u1ebf b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, chuy\u1ec3n y\u1ebfu th\u00e0nh m\u1ea1nh, chuy\u1ec3n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n th\u00e0nh thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i\u201d. 158","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf v\u1eeba c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng tin m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 b\u00e1c s\u0129, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch: \u201cTrong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi chi vi\u1ec7n cho ti\u1ec1n tuy\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n Nam. B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1eabn nung n\u1ea5u nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u1ea1i ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y t\u1ebf Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. Sau nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n kh\u1ea9n kho\u1ea3n xin \u0111i, \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8-1968, \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn. B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tuy\u1ec7t m\u1eadt B\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 an to\u00e0n. Ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ef9 \u0110\u1eb7ng Th\u1ecb Thanh H\u1ea3o, c\u1ea3i trang l\u00fac v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi chuy\u00ean tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c h\u00f3a trang \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh mi\u1ec1n Nam (1968) \u1edf x\u01b0\u1edfng phim truy\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 h\u00f3a trang cho B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ho\u00e0n h\u1ea3o. V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 t\u00f3c gi\u1ea3 r\u1ebd ng\u00f4i l\u1ec7ch, c\u1eb7p k\u00ednh tr\u1eafng sang tr\u1ecdng, hai chi\u1ebfc r\u0103ng v\u00e0ng\u2026 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n, \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh. Vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m sau m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft. V\u1edbi b\u1ed9 d\u1ea1ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, t\u1eeb s\u00e2n bay m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n c\u1eadn, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn m\u00e1y bay d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ebfn Phnompenh (Campuchia) v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng Nam B\u1ed9, n\u01a1i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee5c Mi\u1ec1n Nam, an to\u00e0n v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 30\/8\/1968. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft, \u1edf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 2 th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi, trong b\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o b\u00e0 ba \u0111en v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfc kh\u0103n r\u1eb1n qu\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea7u, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch v\u1edbi c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u201cT\u01b0 \u0110\u00e1\u201d th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qu\u00ean m\u00ecnh...\u201d.\t V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 gian kh\u1ed5, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch x\u00f4ng x\u00e1o c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf m\u1ecdi n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm b\u1eaft t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ra nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c \u1ea5y, tr\u00e1i tim \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 n\u1eefa. Ng\u00e0y 7\/11\/1968 \u00f4ng tr\u00fat h\u01a1i th\u1edf cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng 159","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00ec s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t \u00e1c t\u00ednh. \u0110\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng \u2013 b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u s\u00e2u s\u1eafc trong l\u1eddi \u0110i\u1ebfu v\u0103n: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch, th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ngay trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1994, con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 GS.TS to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ecbnh t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p v\u1ec1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch (\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t) 5.000 USD \u0111\u1ec3 tu b\u1ed5 c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t. Sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e0 Marie Louise \u2013 v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00edch s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n t\u1eeb gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh l\u00e0 25 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 8\/1999 con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n di ch\u00fac c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 Marie Louise: \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cho Vi\u1ec7t Nam 30.000 USD. Theo di ch\u00fac th\u00ec s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y chia l\u00e0m ba ph\u1ea7n: 10.000 USD d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 m\u1eabu gi\u00e1o t\u1ea1i Xa M\u00e1t (T\u00e2n Bi\u00ean-T\u00e2y Ninh) \u2013 n\u01a1i b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch hy sinh; 10.000 d\u00e0nh l\u00e0m h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng cho sinh vi\u00ean n\u0103m th\u1ee9 4, ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i tr\u1ee3 gi\u00fap cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ngh\u00e8o kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch (\u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t). 160","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1eb6NG V\u0102N NG\u1eee Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc Penicillin\u201d Ti\u1ebfng h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam \u201cchi chi gi\u1ea3 gi\u1ea3\u201d c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nho sinh hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng ve k\u00eau r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam tr\u00ean t\u00e0ng c\u00e2y r\u1ee3p b\u00f3ng \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. H\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i thi. D\u00f9 t\u00f3c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea1c, m\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edd nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn quy\u1ebft l\u1eadp th\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa c\u1eed. \u201cKh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng danh th\u00e0 n\u00e1t v\u1edbi c\u1ecf c\u00e2y\u201d, b\u1eadc t\u00fac nho Nguy\u1ec5n C\u00f4ng Tr\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i th\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0ng... Bao nhi\u00eau d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh cho t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra trong \u0111\u1ea7u, bao nhi\u00eau h\u0103m h\u1edf ch\u1edd ng\u00e0y lai kinh \u1ee9ng th\u00ed b\u1ed7ng ph\u00fat ch\u1ed1c tan th\u00e0nh m\u00e2y kh\u00f3i. Theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c B\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ng\u00e0y 14\/6\/1919 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 (1910-1967) Nguy\u1ec5n ra ch\u1ec9 d\u1ee5 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eef Nho v\u00e0 thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 b\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p - Vi\u1ec7t. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady khoa thi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u1edf Trung K\u1ef3 di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 1918. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3 nho b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc ch\u00ed, \u0111em h\u1ebft s\u00e1ch v\u1edf c\u1ee7a th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n treo l\u00ean x\u00f3 b\u1ebfp, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 chuy\u1ec3n sang ngh\u1ec1 x\u1eaft thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1, l\u00e0m k\u1eb9o m\u1ee9t \u0111\u1ec3 cho v\u1ee3 g\u00e1nh b\u00e1n rong \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee3 qu\u00ea ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf. \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7, m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa th\u00ec c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nu\u00f4i con m\u00ecnh \u0103n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed1i ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef sinh ng\u00e0y 4\/4\/1910 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng An C\u1ef1u. D\u00f9 ngh\u00e8o, nh\u01b0ng n\u0103m con \u00f4ng 15 tu\u1ed5i, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng g\u1edfi ra Vinh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c H\u1ecdc. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 l\u00f2ng mong m\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a cha m\u1eb9, 161","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u1eadu \u0111\u00e3 thi \u0111\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng S\u01a1 h\u1ecdc y\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf, c\u1eadu ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 b\u1eb1ng Th\u00e0nh Chung. M\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, tr\u1eddi thu xanh bi\u1ebfc, c\u1eadu b\u1ecbn r\u1ecbn chia tay cha m\u1eb9 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00ean xe l\u1eeda ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha c\u00f2ng l\u01b0ng x\u1eaft thu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t t\u1ea3o t\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a m\u1eb9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed h\u1ecdc th\u1eadt gi\u1ecfi. \u00d4ng t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p t\u00fa t\u00e0i r\u1ed3i theo h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. N\u0103m 1936, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n \u201cG\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh t\u00ee c\u0103n c\u00e1c \u00e1p-xe gan \u1edf B\u1eafc k\u1ef3\u201d. \u00d4ng nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 Y khoa n\u0103m 1937. V\u00ec h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi n\u00ean c\u1eadu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m tr\u1ee3 l\u00fd cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Henri Galliard m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 k\u00fd sinh h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Lu\u1eadn \u00e1n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc \u201cM\u01b0ng m\u1ee7 \u1edf gan do a-m\u00edp\u201d \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u lao v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. N\u0103m 1941, nh\u00e0 n\u1ea5m h\u1ecdc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Massuo Ota sang H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y \u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1ea5m h\u1ecdc. S\u1ef1 ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3, mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i b\u1ea5t k\u1ec3 gi\u1edd gi\u1ea5c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn M.Ota h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Henri Galliard cho g\u1ecdi l\u00ean v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o: - Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n cho n\u1ec1n y h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u0111i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt. N\u00f3i xong gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Henri b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd bu\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn: - Anh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean n\u00ean t\u00f4i ch\u1ecdn anh! Tin vui n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t. Chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u Otaoa r\u1eddi c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 r\u00e9t l\u1ea1nh, t\u1eeb t\u1eeb r\u1ebd s\u00f3ng ra kh\u01a1i\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt, \u00f4ng \u1edf k\u00fd t\u00fac x\u00e1 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ea1n m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n O\u00e1nh\u2026 \u00d4ng lao v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 say m\u00ea c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb. Bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng l\u00ean gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt, bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1ea5m h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Massuo Ota \u0111\u00e3 cho \u00f4ng m\u01b0\u1ee3n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: - \u0110\u00e2y ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf ch\u1ed7 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u00f4i, t\u00f4i thu th\u1eadp v\u00e0 162","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM vi\u1ebft ra, th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng hay kh\u00f4ng, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 \u1edf s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a anh. Theo l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n \u1ea5y, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c phi th\u01b0\u1eddng. Su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi gian \u1edf Nh\u1eadt h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i \u1edf ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, nhi\u1ec1u h\u00f4m l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c qua c\u1ea3 \u0111\u00eam. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i sao l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Th\u00ec \u00f4ng t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1p: - C\u00f2n g\u00ec vui h\u01a1n, sung s\u01b0\u1edbng h\u01a1n khi hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 v\u00e0 k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra. C\u00e0ng th\u00fa v\u1ecb bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau khi t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p g\u00ec d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 cho nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 1945, khi M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 Penicillin, th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 M.Ota, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ea5m Penicillium v\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9c ch\u1ebf vi khu\u1ea9n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7ng Penicillium c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 M.Ota c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ee7ng do t\u1ef1 tay \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u1eeb th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m kh\u00e1c nhau \u1edf Tokyo v\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi \u1edf c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t Penicillin. T\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa Tokyo, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 4 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb: \u201cX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i n\u1ea5m c\u00f3 t\u00ednh kh\u00e1ng sinh cao\u201d(1947); \u201cX\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1ng nguy\u00ean Salmonella\u201d(1945); \u201c\u0110\u1eb7c \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a D.mansoni\u201d (1943) v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n. Trong khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea3i m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra bi\u1ebft bao thay \u0111\u1ed5i. \u0110\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai s\u1eafp k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1948, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam Th\u00f4ng t\u1ea5n x\u00e3 (VNTTX) t\u1eeb Bangkok g\u1edfi t\u1edbi. Trong th\u01b0 h\u1ecfi th\u0103m \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o \u1edf Nh\u1eadt. \u00d4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. V\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng t\u1edd tin t\u1ee9c in ron\u00e9o c\u1ee7a VNTTX t\u1eeb Bangkok g\u1eedi \u0111\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e1i Lan. T\u00e0u l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng th\u00ec \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. 163","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c Qu\u1ef3 \u2013 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Th\u00e1i Lan. \u00d4ng Qu\u1ef3 n\u00f3i: - T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00fac n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u00f4i s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111i\u1ec7n xin ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u00f4ng n\u00ean v\u1ec1 v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Nam B\u1ed9. Trong th\u1eddi gian ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m kh\u00e1ng sinh \u0111em v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb Tokyo, \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u1ea5m Penicillium v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1eeba l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea5t \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. \u00d4ng c\u00f2n mua th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 Nam B\u1ed9 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng sinh. Sau m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i, m\u1ed9t h\u00f4m l\u00fac 19 gi\u1edd, \u00f4ng \u0111ang n\u1eb1m ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i th\u00ec \u00f4ng Qu\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ebfn gh\u00e9 tai n\u00f3i nh\u1ecf: - T\u00f4i v\u1eeba m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. Tr\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a anh l\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau anh s\u1ebd \u0111i, b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ec9 mang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i va-li th\u00f4i. Kh\u00f4ng mang theo th\u1ee9 g\u00ec n\u1eb7ng c\u1ea3, c\u00e1c v\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a anh th\u00ec s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111em v\u1ec1 sau. \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0a \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i trang th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef v\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch T\u00fa th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1edf Tuy\u00ean Quang (1952) 164","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111i bu\u00f4n. H\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng Mekong \u0111\u1ec3 sang \u0111\u1ea5t L\u00e0o. T\u1eeb L\u00e0o, h\u1ecd c\u1eaft r\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An, r\u1ed3i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i b\u1ed9 l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eabn \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1eb7p v\u00e0 \u00e2n c\u1ea7n g\u1ee3i \u00fd: - Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u00fa bi\u1ebft r\u1ed3i. C\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh nhau l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ta ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng cho anh em th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. B\u00e1c nghe n\u00f3i ch\u00fa bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m Penicillin. V\u1eady ch\u00fa c\u00f3 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ecdi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho B\u00e1c, nghe xong B\u00e1c n\u00f3i: - L\u00e0m Penicillin tinh khi\u1ebft th\u00ec ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0a cho ph\u00e9p. B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ch\u00fa h\u00e3y l\u00e0m th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc Penicillin c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e0ng t\u1ed1t. C\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n g\u00ec trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t th\u00ec B\u00e1c s\u1ebd cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00fa. Ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn v\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e0ng l\u00e0m \u00f4ng n\u00e1o n\u1ee9c v\u00e0 b\u1eaft tay ngay v\u00e0o chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n. Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee1i \u00f4i! S\u1ed1 gi\u1ed1ng n\u1ea5m \u0111em v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb Tokyo \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc - v\u00ec nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng th\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu b\u00f3 tay, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 n\u01b0\u1edbc nu\u00f4i n\u1ea5m r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t: n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y ng\u00f4! N\u1ea5m m\u1ecdc tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 nh\u1ea3 ra ch\u1ea5t Penicillin. N\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e2y ng\u00f4 d\u1ec5 ki\u1ebfm, r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ee9 thu\u1ed1c qu\u00fd d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eafp v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1951, nh\u1eefng chai thu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng sinh th\u00f4, m\u00e0u v\u00e0ng, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cn\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ecdc Penicillin\u201d \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t kh\u1eafp chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. N\u00f3 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee9u ch\u1eefa cho th\u01b0\u01a1ng binh - nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. H\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i, n\u0103m 1954, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00e0nh k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t, k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u0111ang \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t. Th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t \u0111ang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn \u1edf c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda B\u1eafc c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 8.1960 \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u00fai r\u1eebng, l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc 165","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1ec3\u2026 b\u1eaft mu\u1ed7i! V\u1eadt d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf ra, ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n c\u00e2y kim c\u1eafm c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 quan s\u00e1t n\u00f3 trong ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta d\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i kim l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t h\u1ee3p kim kh\u00f4ng r\u1ec9. N\u01b0\u1edbc ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, mu\u1ed1n mua th\u00ec gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eaft. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra lo\u1ea1i kim b\u1eb1ng th\u1ee7y tinh. Ho\u1eb7c khi nu\u00f4i b\u1ecd g\u1eady do tr\u1ee9ng mu\u1ed7i n\u1edf ra trong c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng nu\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 ra c\u00e1ch d\u00f9ng ru\u1ed9t c\u1ecf b\u1ea5c, nh\u1eb9 d\u1ec5 n\u1ed5i tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1eeba x\u1ed1p gi\u00fap b\u1ecd g\u1eady d\u1ec5 c\u1eafm \u1ed1ng th\u1edf, v\u1eeba kh\u00f4ng th\u1ed1i r\u1eefa, b\u1ecd g\u1eady sinh s\u1ed1ng r\u1ea5t t\u1ed1t. Nh\u1edd mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed7i m\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u01b0a h\u1ec1 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0: \u201cAnophelinae Tonkirensis\u201d (Aniphen B\u1eafc K\u1ef3). \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cKh\u00f3a \u0111\u1ecbnh lo\u1ea1i mu\u1ed7i \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef\u201d. Trong \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t \u1edf c\u00e1c b\u1ea3n l\u00e0ng xa x\u00f4i, n\u00fai r\u1eebng, l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 bao gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng, v\u1ec1 n\u1ea5m h\u1ecdc\u2026 m\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef c\u00f2n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ch\u1ed1ng giun s\u00e1n trong nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n th\u00eam m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i giun ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 t\u00ean Brugia Malayi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ebfm \u1ea5u tr\u00f9ng giun ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ebfm huy\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u2013 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cPh\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi say m\u00ea nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac b\u1ecf c\u1ea3 \u0103n ng\u1ee7. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n Nam ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, tin t\u1ee9c b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n, nao n\u1ee9c mu\u1ed1n v\u00e0o Nam \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ec7 h\u1ec7 sau n\u00e0y c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c: \u201cNh\u00e0 k\u00ed sinh tr\u00f9ng h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef, mu\u1ed1n th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a Vacxin ph\u00f2ng s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t do \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea1i nguy hi\u1ec3m t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh trong th\u1eddi gian chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u1eeba qua. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n ki\u1ec3m nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nguy hi\u1ec3m\u201d. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1967 \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef 166","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf tuy\u1ebfn l\u1eeda Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u2013 V\u0129nh Linh. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Tr\u1ea7n C\u00f4ng T\u1ea5n c\u00f3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u201c\u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1967, M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m bom \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t v\u00f9ng Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh - V\u0129nh Linh h\u00f2ng ch\u1eb7n con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng chi vi\u1ec7n t\u1eeb B\u1eafc v\u00e0o Nam. Trong l\u00fac h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 17 ph\u1ea3i s\u01a1 t\u00e1n ra c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh ph\u00eda B\u1eafc th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 y t\u1ebf do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1eeda. G\u1eb7p \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a anh Ng\u1eef d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Ty Y t\u1ebf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o Nam, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi: \u201cNg\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i \u201cxu\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d ra tr\u1eadn, ch\u1eafc s\u1eafp th\u1eafng to \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i r\u1ed3i, anh Ng\u1eef h\u00e8?\u201d. Anh Ng\u1eef c\u01b0\u1eddi, gi\u1ecdng Hu\u1ebf d\u1ecbu d\u00e0ng, nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 n\u00f3i: \u201cT\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 tr\u1eadn m\u1ea1c chi m\u00f4. B\u1ecdn m\u00ecnh v\u00f4 \u0111i\u2026 b\u1eaft mu\u1ed7i\u201d. \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, c\u00f9ng m\u1eafc v\u00f5ng ng\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u0103n nh\u00e0 h\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ph\u00f3 ty y t\u1ebf -b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 T\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u1eady sau nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t bom. Anh Ng\u1eef kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ee7 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u1eb1m k\u1ec3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 con mu\u1ed7i. Mu\u1ed7i c\u00f3 d\u0103m b\u1ea3y lo\u1ea1i \u1edf kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u mu\u1ed7i \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1eafcxin ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t do mu\u1ed7i \u1edf V\u0129nh Linh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u1ecdc Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1t. B\u1edfi c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i giao l\u01b0u ra v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, xuy\u00ean qua c\u1ea3 Mi\u00ean, L\u00e0o n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t lan tr\u00e0n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ho\u00e0nh h\u00e0nh r\u1ea5t \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c hy sinh do chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, th\u00ec mu\u1ed7i c\u01b0\u1edbp \u0111i kh\u00f4ng \u00edt t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00ednh. C\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u r\u1ea5t anh h\u00f9ng, x\u00f4ng pha h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m tr\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng sao nh\u01b0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng ng\u00e3 g\u1ee5c sau m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t \u00e1c t\u00ednh di\u1ec5n ra ch\u1ec9 m\u1ea5y ph\u00fat\u2026 Gi\u1ecdng anh Ng\u1eef x\u00f3t xa khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft v\u00ec s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t. Anh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i khi th\u1ea5y h\u00e0ng \u0111o\u00e0n xe ch\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7y nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 da v\u00e0ng, g\u1ea7y gu\u1ed9c do s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn tr\u1edf ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. \u201cPh\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1o mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch s\u1ed1t r\u00e9t ngay t\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng!\u201d. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef v\u00e0o Nam. Sau \u0111\u00eam chuy\u1ec7n tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chia tay anh Ng\u1eef t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1ea1, c\u1ea7u mong cho anh m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i B n\u00e0y. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng sau, t\u00f4i v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c tin t\u1ee9c v\u1edbi \u0111o\u00e0n anh Ng\u1eef. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a anh c\u00e0ng \u0111i xa v\u00e0 s\u00e2u h\u01a1n trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng c\u00f3 167","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM mu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ed9c. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a anh v\u00e0 h\u1ecd th\u1eafc m\u1eafc kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u v\u00ec sao l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee9 chi\u1ec1u chi\u1ec1u ra ng\u1ed3i cho mu\u1ed7i b\u00e2u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3\u2026 b\u1eaft. \u0110i\u00ean kh\u00f9ng hay sao m\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p c\u1ea3 bom \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i b\u1eaft mu\u1ed7i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Th\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ec7nh binh t\u1eeb m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ra k\u1ec3 \u0111o\u00e0n anh Ng\u1eef \u0111ang b\u1eaft mu\u1ed7i \u1edf khu phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hai b\u00ean b\u1edd s\u00f4ng B\u1ebfn H\u1ea3i, r\u1ed3i d\u1ecdc theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01a1n l\u00ean t\u1eadn A L\u01b0\u1edbi, A S\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng con mu\u1ed7i \u201cm\u1eabu\u201d anh Ng\u1eef b\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi ngay ra Vi\u1ec7n S\u1ed1t r\u00e9t \u00d4ng b\u00e0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u1edf th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a \u0111o\u00e0n anh Ng\u1eef \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn tri\u1ec3n t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7y h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n th\u00ec v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 4-1967, b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 T\u00f9ng g\u1ecdi \u0111i\u1ec7n tho\u1ea1i cho t\u00f4i ngh\u1eb9n ng\u00e0o b\u00e1o tin: \u201cChi\u1ec1u 1-4 anh Ng\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 hy sinh do m\u00e1y bay B.52 n\u00e9m bom r\u1ea3i th\u1ea3m \u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n t\u00e2y Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean\u201d. T\u00f4i bu\u00f4ng m\u00e1y s\u1eefng s\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc tin d\u1eef \u1ea5y. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn, m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ki\u00ean c\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 ng\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn \u1edf tu\u1ed5i 57 \u0111\u1ea7y sung s\u1ee9c ngay tr\u00ean ch\u00ednh qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00ecnh\u201d (Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 27\/2\/1996). V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, anh h\u00f9ng li\u1ec7t s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t 1) ng\u00e0nh Khoa h\u1ecdc Y d\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc trong c\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sau. C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00fang l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a: \u201cMang h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c, t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u1ea7n hy sinh c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi cho l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, cho ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n, cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, cho T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c\u201d, m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u trong ng\u00e0y 8\/2\/1960 khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft n\u1ea1p v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft, con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 NSND \u0110\u1eb7ng Nh\u1eadt Minh, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p cho n\u1ec1n \u0111i\u1ec7n \u1ea3nh n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. 168","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u1ea0 QUANG B\u1eecU Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi Con s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00eam \u1ea3. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1eafp l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ecf g\u1ecdi m\u00f9a h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ebfn. T\u1eeb ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00fac Dinh, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u1eadu h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 thong dong \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc. C\u1eadu \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u00e0 ra Hu\u1ebf tr\u1ecd h\u1ecdc. C\u1eadu h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi l\u1eafm, thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 II ch\u1ee9 ph\u1ea3i xo\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e2u. \u0110ang ng\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1ea3o: - Ch\u00e1u ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 Ngh\u1ec7 An ngay th\u00f4i. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m qua b\u1ed1 ch\u00e1u th\u1ed5 huy\u1ebft! C\u1eadu b\u00e9 tr\u00f2n m\u1eaft h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i: Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu - V\u1eady \u00e0? (1910-1986) - \u1eea! May c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng... C\u1eadu b\u00e9 v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eb7p b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean c\u00f5i \u0111\u1eddi n\u00e0y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1 ch\u1ebft \u0111i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i g\u00ec ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0i tr\u0103m b\u1ea1c n\u1ee3! \u00d4ng b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u1eddi trong c\u1ea3nh ngh\u00e8o t\u00fang. M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a b\u1ed1, b\u00e0y cho c\u1eadu c\u00e1ch xin h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0103n h\u1ecdc. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m \u1ea5y, tr\u1eddi l\u00e0nh l\u1ea1nh, theo s\u1ef1 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1eb7n k\u1ebd c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng L\u00ea Thanh C\u1ea3nh, c\u1eadu b\u00e9 kh\u0103n \u00e1o ch\u1ec9nh t\u1ec1 v\u00e0 h\u1ed3i h\u1ed9p c\u1ea7m \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9. C\u1eadu r\u00f3n r\u00e9n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u0103n ph\u00f2ng r\u1ed9ng, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng quan T\u00e2y \u0111ang ng\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec, ngo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0a tay nh\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng c\u1ecdng r\u00e2u m\u1ecdc l\u00fan ph\u00fan tr\u00ean c\u1eb1m. C\u1eadu b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn 169","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM v\u1edbi l\u00e1 \u0111\u01a1n trong tay, \u00f4ng quan T\u00e2y tr\u1eebng m\u1eaft ng\u00f3 l\u00ean. B\u1ed7ng m\u1ed9t c\u00fa t\u00e1t tai nh\u01b0 tr\u1eddi gi\u00e1ng. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 l\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3o t\u00e9 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t. C\u1eadu k\u1ecbp nghe mang m\u00e1ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ph\u00e2n bua c\u1ee7a ai \u0111\u00f3 vang l\u00ean: - Sao \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh n\u00f3? N\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea5t c\u00e1i kh\u0103n tang, ch\u1ee9 \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu b\u1ecf m\u0169? C\u00fa t\u00e1t tai b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho c\u1eadu b\u00e9 n\u1ed7i u\u1ea5t h\u1eadn c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, c\u1eadu quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc! C\u1eadu b\u00e9 \u1ea5y sau n\u00e0y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00ec tinh th\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 23 th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m 1910 t\u1ea1i th\u00f4n Ho\u00e0nh S\u01a1n, x\u00e3 Nam Ho\u00e0nh, huy\u1ec7n Nam \u0110\u00e0n (Ngh\u1ec7 An). B\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed7 c\u1eed nh\u00e2n r\u1ed3i \u0111i d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf ph\u1ee7 Nam K\u1ef3 (Qu\u1ea3ng Nam). M\u1eb9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef th\u00f4n qu\u00ea, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1ecfi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m th\u01a1 in tr\u00ean b\u00e1o v\u1edbi b\u00fat danh S\u1ea7m Ph\u1ed1. Trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 th\u1edd h\u1ecd T\u1ea1 bao \u0111\u1eddi nay c\u00f2n b\u1ee9c ho\u00e0nh s\u01a1n th\u1ebfp v\u00e0ng v\u1edbi n\u0103m ch\u1eef: \u201cPh\u1ee5 gi\u00e1o t\u1eed \u0111\u0103ng khoa\u201d (B\u1ed1 d\u1ea1y con thi \u0111\u1ed7). Sau khi h\u1ecdc \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam n\u0103m 1922, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc, h\u1ecdc chung l\u1edbp v\u1edbi Phan Thanh, L\u00ea D\u0169ng, Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng\u2026 B\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng thi Th\u00e0nh chung \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ea1ng th\u1ee9 hai, Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n \u0111\u1ed7 h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t. Sau \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201c\u1ede \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00edch khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y Drouin, m\u1ed9t k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 khoa h\u1ecdc. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn thi t\u00fa t\u00e0i to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t (t\u00fa t\u00e0i t\u00e2y) v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec3m r\u1ea5t th\u1ea5p v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t b\u1ef1c v\u00ec th\u1ea7y ch\u1ea5m thi r\u1ea5t khinh mi\u1ec7t d\u00e2n An Nam ta, v\u00ec v\u1eady v\u00e0o k\u1ef3 thi t\u00fa t\u00e0i th\u1ee9 hai t\u00f4i \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o t\u00fa t\u00e0i to\u00e1n. N\u0103m 1929, t\u00f4i thi m\u1ed9t l\u00fac c\u1ea3 t\u00fa t\u00e0i v\u0103n, s\u1eed, to\u00e1n. T\u00f4i h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n r\u1ea5t v\u1ea5t v\u1ea3. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng Jarlier kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0ng nghi\u00eam ch\u1ec9nh, n\u00ean t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed7 t\u00fa t\u00e0i b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00fa t\u00e0i to\u00e1n. T\u00f4i nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y du h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu B\u00e0i v\u00e0 sang Ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1929\u201d(1). (1) H\u1ed9i Nh\u01b0 T\u00e2y du h\u1ecdc: l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c do Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nam tri\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 b\u1ed9 L\u1ea1i Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu B\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra quy\u00ean g\u00f3p ti\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a quan l\u1ea1i, k\u1ef3 h\u00e0o Trung k\u1ef3 l\u00e0m qu\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc b\u1ed7ng. S\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng r\u1ea5t \u00edt. \u0110\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 4 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n Xi\u1ec3n. 170","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM N\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p hoa l\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i \u00f4ng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1ee5c khi \u0111\u1ebfn T\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 xin h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady \u00f4ng c\u00e0ng c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ecdc h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. \u00d4ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o l\u1edbp to\u00e1n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Louis Le Grand v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ea1ch cho m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh 5 n\u0103m ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1930, \u00f4ng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd v\u00e0o c\u1eed nh\u00e2n to\u00e1n v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7n Henri Poincar\u00e9. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7n n\u00e0y c\u00f3 hai gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, l\u1edbp c\u1eed nh\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc \u1edf gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Hermite, c\u00f2n c\u00e1c l\u1edbp cao h\u01a1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Darboux. Tuy ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed7 c\u1eed nh\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn tranh th\u1ee7 nghe gi\u1ea3ng \u1edf gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Darboux. H\u1ecdc r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf trong v\u00f2ng b\u1ed1n n\u0103m, n\u0103m 1934, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ee7 n\u00ean xu\u1ed1ng Bordeux t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y Trousset \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u cho t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Rauth, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 m\u00e0y m\u00f2 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 ra trong \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft thu nh\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u1ef1 b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i d\u1ef1 thi v\u00e0 tr\u00fang tuy\u1ec3n v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Oxford (Anh). Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf Anh, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng gi\u1edd h\u1ecdc \u1edf gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam ngo\u1ea1i kh\u00f3a v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia trong phong tr\u00e0o H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ef1 tr\u1ea1i Tr\u00e1ng s\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o tr\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u1edf London. Thi \u0111\u1ed7, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n cho to\u00e0n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1eddi Tu\u1ed5i 20 theo giai \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ca kh\u00fac Fourty year on c\u1ee7a sinh vi\u00ean Anh \u2013 nh\u1eb1m gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c thanh ni\u00ean trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh m\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc: Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m nay, c\u01a1m ta \u0103n, ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111i c\u00e0y \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea7m v\u00e0 c\u1ea7u ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eafp, ta kh\u00f4ng x\u00e2y Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m nay ta nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft ta \u0111i theo th\u1ea7y Ch\u1eef ngh\u0129a d\u00f9i m\u00e0i, \u0111\u00f3i k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, ta m\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7y Khoan! Khoan d\u00f4 khoan! Khoan d\u00f4 khoan! Khoan d\u00f4\u2026 khoan! 171","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Non s\u00f4ng ai \u0111\u1eafp, ai g\u00ecn gi\u1eef m\u1edbi c\u00f3 ng\u00e0y nay? Nay ta hai m\u01b0\u01a1i, ta v\u00e1c cu\u1ed1c ta xin \u0111i c\u00e0y Lam l\u0169 b\u00f9n l\u1ea7y v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi d\u00e2n c\u00e0y T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng! T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng! T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng! Tr\u1eddi v\u1eeba s\u00e1ng, tu\u1ed5i hai m\u01b0\u01a1i, \u0111\u1eddi v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1i, m\u00e1u anh h\u00f9ng T\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng, t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng! \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i v\u00ec sao d\u00f9 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. V\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng t\u1eebng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf c\u00e1c H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o sinh: \u201cM\u1ecdi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, th\u1eed th\u00e1ch \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c em c\u00f3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec h\u1eefu \u00edch cho k\u1ebb kh\u00e1c, t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 x\u1ee9ng danh H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o sinh, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f3 th\u1eadt l\u00f2ng y\u00eau m\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o, c\u00f3 trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam hay kh\u00f4ng? Khi ch\u00fang ta quan ni\u1ec7m r\u1eb1ng \u201c\u0111\u1eddi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i l\u1edbn\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 coi \u0111\u1eddi nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00f9a gi\u1ee1n m\u00e0 khinh su\u1ea5t. Trong m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i, c\u00f3 khi th\u1eafng, c\u00f3 khi thua, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i ch\u01a1i cho th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, vui v\u1ebb tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, th\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eau, m\u00e0 b\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb1n h\u1ecdc, ch\u00e1n n\u1ea3n\u2026\u201d L\u00fac tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng tham gia d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi g\u00ec c\u1ea3. \u00d4ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00fa Xu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2ng Provindence. \u0110i\u1ec1u kh\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0y \u00f4ng v\u1eabn tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3\u2026 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam! Khi bi\u1ebft B\u1eedu H\u1ed9i v\u00e0 \u00f4ng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u1ecf H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Li\u00eam s\u1eafp \u0111i Ph\u00e1p, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc \u1edf Paris \u0111em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ecdc ng\u1ea5u nghi\u1ebfn, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadt l\u00fd d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 s\u01b0. V\u1ec1 sau \u1edf g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00f4n D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u00f4ng nh\u1edd m\u01b0\u1ee3n gi\u00fap nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c v\u1ea1ch quang ph\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch Courant Hilbert, Sommerefeld. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh vi ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1o h\u00e0m ri\u00eang. \u1ede n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cCon h\u01a1n cha l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00fac\u201d th\u00ec trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p tr\u00f2 h\u01a1n th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y 172","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, g\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i th\u1ea7y c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y m\u00ecnh m\u00f4n v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1edf trong B\u01b0\u1edfi l\u00e0 Drouin. Hai th\u1ea7y tr\u00f2 c\u00f9ng nhau b\u00e0n lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1p to\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u00fd. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u1edf Hu\u1ebf, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu c\u00f2n l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c cho h\u00e3ng SIPEA, nh\u1edd v\u1eady \u00f4ng thu th\u1eadp th\u00eam nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Khi h\u00e3ng n\u00e0y b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng ra thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ph\u1ee5 t\u00f9ng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n, \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3 cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y c\u01a1 kh\u00ed \u1edf H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng cho l\u00e0 l\u1eb7t v\u1eb7t nh\u01b0 t\u00e1i sinh d\u1ea7u nh\u1eddn \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n v.v\u2026 T\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i r\u1eb1ng, T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb kh\u01b0\u1edbc Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea9u b\u1ed9i tinh do ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p trao \u2013 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2y \u0111i\u1ec7n cao th\u1ebf cho nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y v\u00f4i Long Th\u1ecd. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 l\u1eafm \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u1ed1n gi\u00e0u t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u0169ng kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngh\u0129 ra: \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i cha, t\u1eebng b\u1ecb b\u1ea1t tai oan u\u1ed5ng c\u1ee7a quan T\u00e2y th\u1eddi n\u00f4 l\u1ec7, nay ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Fonteinebleau n\u0103m 1946. Th\u00e1ng 7 n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 B\u1eedu H\u1ed9i sang Gen\u00e8ve d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 200 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean Th\u1ee5y S\u0129. T\u1eeb s\u1ef1 g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 n\u00e0y m\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cm\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d \u0111\u00e3 th\u00f4i th\u00fac \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc. Khi \u0111ang l\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng d\u00f9 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng ngh\u00ecn vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn d\u00e0nh th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 vi\u1ebft Nguy\u00ean t\u1eed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u0169 tr\u1ee5 tuy\u1ebfn, S\u00f3ng, V\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u1ebfu, Th\u01b0 B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 g\u1eedi T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 5\/1950 173","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9c nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cTr\u00ean r\u1eebng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, t\u00f4i l\u00e0m k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed, l\u00e0m \u00edt h\u01a1n nh\u01b0ng k\u1ef9 h\u01a1n v\u00e0 suy ngh\u0129 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u00e2n sinh quan v\u00e0 th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi quan c\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 Lyssenk\u00f4, l\u00e0 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n th\u00eam v\u1ec1 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam v\u1ec1 sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed. Trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u, l\u00e0m cho m\u00ecnh th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t hay\u201d. Trong c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Sau n\u00e0y, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a c\u00f3 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, t\u00f4i tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n anh B\u1eedu. Nh\u01b0ng s\u1edf d\u0129 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y, l\u00e0 nh\u1edd lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c anh B\u1eedu ch\u1ec9 d\u1eabn, gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 v\u00e0 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c\u201d. Th\u00e1ng 8\/1947, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 c\u1eed V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0m B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00f2n \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xin gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap t\u01b0\u1edbng Gi\u00e1p trong chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. V\u00e0 n\u0103m 1954, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi thay m\u1eb7t Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam k\u00fd v\u0103n b\u1ea3n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Gen\u00e8ve. Sau h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u1eadp l\u1ea1i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, \u00f4ng l\u00e0m Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 trung h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. D\u00f9 \u1edf c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb n\u00e0o \u00f4ng v\u1eabn say s\u01b0a nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1961, \u00f4ng cho ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u1ee7a Bourbaki v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao. \u00d4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cPh\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 Thuy\u1ebft ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a Dacwin v\u00e0 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c s\u1ef1 s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Oparin. Song song t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Prigogine m\u00e0 b\u00e0i hay nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt th\u1ee9 hai c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u0103ng n\u0103m 1974 trong Seripta Chemica \u1edf Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n\u201d. Trong t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m N\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o c\u00f3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i chi ti\u1ebft kh\u00e1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n nh\u1edb m\u00f9a h\u00e8 n\u00f3ng b\u1ecfng n\u0103m 1972. Trong khi cu\u1ed9c th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf Cl\u00e9bert (Paris) \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n, th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Hoa K\u1ef3 Richard Nixon tr\u1edf m\u1eb7t ra l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m bom tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 phong t\u1ecfa mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng ta kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i \u0111em c\u1ea3 th\u1ee7y l\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c MK 52 (\u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e1nh 174","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1eafm t\u00e0u 10 v\u1ea1n t\u1ea5n) \u0111\u1ec3 - theo l\u1eddi \u00f4ng ta -\u201db\u1ecbt ch\u1eb7t\u201d c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, \u201cb\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng\u201d c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u1ee9ng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7n tr\u1ee3 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 m\u1edf lu\u1ed3ng, th\u00f4ng tuy\u1ebfn, chi vi\u1ec7n cho mi\u1ec1n Nam, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u, t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i th\u1ee7y l\u00f4i m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 nh\u1eb1m s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, kh\u00ed t\u00e0i m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u201ctr\u1ecb\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00fang. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u1ed1ng phong t\u1ecfa \u1ea5y, h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa B\u1ed9 giao th\u00f4ng - v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc B\u00e1ch khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p qu\u00fd b\u00e1u. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed t\u00e0i ph\u00e1 th\u1ee7y l\u00f4i v\u00e0 bom t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1eddng, do ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh C\u1ef1 l\u00e0m t\u1ed5 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, mang m\u1eadt danh GK1 (G l\u00e0 Giao th\u00f4ng, K l\u00e0 B\u00e1ch khoa). C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0 g\u1ea5p g\u00e1p. Xu\u1ed1ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. R\u1ed3i \u201ch\u1ecfi cung\u201d c\u00e1ch ki\u1ec3u th\u1ee7y l\u00f4i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt b\u1ecb ta \u201cb\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng\u201d. C\u1ed1 nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean \u201ct\u00f9 binh kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft n\u00f3i\u201d b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng. Mu\u1ed1n \u201cth\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n\u201d ch\u00fang, ta ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 GK1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp h\u1ed3 s\u01a1 ch\u1ee9c n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ecbch, t\u00ecm ra d\u1ea1ng t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o kh\u00ed t\u00e0i ph\u00e1 n\u1ed5, r\u1ed3i kh\u00ed t\u00e0i g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u. \u0110\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng s\u1ed1, ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n l\u1edbn m\u00e0 m\u00e1y t\u00ednh \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed Minxk-24 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea1y trong v\u00f2ng 7 gi\u1edd 28 ph\u00fat 05 gi\u00e2y m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i xong. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau, h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t kh\u00ed t\u00e0i ph\u00e1 th\u1ee7y l\u00f4i mang nh\u00e3n hi\u1ec7u GK 72-2, GK 72-3, GK 72-4\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o cung c\u1ea5p cho c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i t\u00e0u L\u00ea M\u00e3 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Quy\u1ebft Th\u1eafng qu\u00e9t m\u00ecn\u2026 V\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1edfng nhi\u1ec1u hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cao qu\u00fd. \u0110\u00eam 14.8.1986 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t ng\u01b0ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec b\u1ecb r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n tu\u1ea7n ho\u00e0n n\u00e3o. M\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n sau, tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 21.8 th\u00ec \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi. Nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o, nhi\u1ec1u t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in ra, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m H\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn trong gi\u1edbi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i nh\u1edb c\u00e2u tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft trong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch S\u1ed1ng - xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (1948): 175","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0: S\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? \u0110i\u1ec1u c\u1ed1t y\u1ebfu: L\u00e0m g\u00ec trong l\u00fac s\u1ed1ng\u201d. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh t\u00e2m ni\u1ec7m. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cAnh B\u1eedu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 \u00edt nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi anh \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u1edf anh m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c r\u1ea5t uy\u00ean b\u00e1c, \u0111a \u0111\u1ea1ng. Song s\u00e2u h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u00f4n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay m\u00e0 anh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong c\u00e1c chuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i cho nh\u1eefng c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a ta. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, anh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea3nh r\u1ed7i m\u00e0 anh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a anh\u201d. C\u00f2n Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c \u1edf anh l\u00e0 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o, b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng l\u1edbp tr\u1ebb. Anh t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi, v\u00e0 anh t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o: L\u00fac c\u00f2n \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, ngo\u00e0i ng\u00e0nh to\u00e1n ra anh c\u00f2n t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc th\u00eam nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m d\u00e0i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gian kh\u1ed5 cho \u0111\u1ebfn sau ng\u00e0y h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh 1954 v\u00e0 cho \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, bao gi\u1edd anh c\u0169ng say m\u00ea h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp\u201d. N\u0103m 1996, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t I). 176","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u00d4N TH\u1ea4T T\u00d9NG Ph\u00e1t minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m \u201cTrong khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i th\u00eanh thang c\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 gian kh\u1ed5, d\u00e1m m\u1ea1nh b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecf h\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1 \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi mong v\u01b0\u01a1n t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec9nh cao ch\u00f3i l\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 th\u00f4i\u201d (C\u00e1c M\u00e1c). C\u00e2u danh ng\u00f4n n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi tr\u00e2n tr\u1ecdng trong quy\u1ec3n s\u1ed5 tay c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. H\u01a1n c\u1ea3 th\u1ebf n\u1eefa, anh c\u00f2n \u201ckh\u1eafc\u201d n\u00f3 trong tr\u00e1i tim c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng, sinh ng\u00e0y 10-5-1912 t\u1ea1i Thanh H\u00f3a. N\u0103m 1931, \u00f4ng ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi r\u1ed3i B\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y. L\u1ebd ra n\u0103m 1937, \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh (1912-1982) lu\u1eadn \u00e1n thi ra l\u00e0m b\u00e1c s\u0129, nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i c\u1ee9 ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n m\u00e3i: \u201cRa b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00e0m ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n trong khi \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh ra g\u00ec c\u1ea3!\u201d. Qua n\u0103m sau, khi t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c thi n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa cho c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ch\u1ecdn ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i khoa Ngo\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - t\u1ee9c B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Vi\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y nay. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5y. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh, h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y 7 gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng \u0111i th\u0103m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n, 10 gi\u1edd ph\u1ee5 m\u1ed5 cho gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. M\u1ed5 xong, nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp \u0103n c\u01a1m tr\u01b0a \u00f4ng nhanh ch\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng nh\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 nghe ph\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 ph\u1eabu t\u00edch v\u00e0 m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh tr\u00ean x\u00e1c ch\u1ebft. Xong 177","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM vi\u1ec7c, ph\u1ea3i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, xem l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ca m\u1ed5 bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, t\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng n\u1eb1m ch\u1edd c\u00e1c ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng ca c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u. C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ed9 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1eadt d\u1eef d\u1ed9i, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng, l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng suy ngh\u0129: \u201cPh\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1n nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed5 x\u00e1c c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e1m hay ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n hay \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap \u00f4ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u01b0a ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. C\u00e1c th\u1ea7y t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u1ecfi m\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb1m trong t\u00fai m\u1eadt, trong khi s\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i n\u1eb1m nhi\u1ec1u trong gan. Sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cQuan tr\u1ecdng thay c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, l\u00fac v\u1ecf n\u00e3o ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb s\u00e1ch v\u1edf hay c\u00e1c \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y gi\u00e0 nh\u1ed3i s\u1ecd b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1t m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u1ee9 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, th\u00ec l\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh l\u00ean, l\u00e0m sao kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u, cho l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c, v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft c\u1ea3 r\u1ed3i\u201d. \u0110ang c\u1ea7n m\u1eabn l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1, t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft th\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0m thay \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1edbn lao cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u r\u00e9t m\u01b0\u1edbt, m\u00e2y x\u00e1m gi\u0103ng ngang tr\u1eddi, m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh loay hoay trong vi\u1ec7n m\u1ed5 x\u00e1c \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1: h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c con giun \u0111\u00e3 chui v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1eadt \u1edf trong gan. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng c\u00e1i n\u1ea1o x\u01b0\u01a1ng - g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kuya-r\u00e9t (curette) \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng c\u01a1 c\u1ea5u trong gan, m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng th\u1ea5y trong c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. \u00d4ng \u0111em vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Huad th\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 r\u1ea5t ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, cho r\u1eb1ng giun \u1edf trong gan l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 l\u1ea1. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong khoa h\u1ecdc: N\u1ebfu th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 giun chui v\u00e0o gan \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng trong y h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. N\u1ebfu n\u00f3i l\u1ea1 v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u1ed1ng m\u1eadt v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong gan (nh\u1edd c\u00e1c con giun \u1ea5y), \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong gan. T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eaft tay nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac trong gan. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1935 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1939 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed5 h\u01a1n 200 gan ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft, ph\u1eabu t\u00edch t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c gan \u1ea5y v\u00e0 v\u1ebd l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean s\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi nhau \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng 178","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u00e9t chung. Nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng nghi\u00eam t\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ph\u1eabu t\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng n\u1ea1o gan. Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng 15 ph\u00fat, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u01a1i tr\u1ea7n t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u trong gan. Nh\u1edd c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1eaft b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a gan, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7y m\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00fat! N\u0103m 1939 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac c\u00e1c t\u0129nh m\u1ea1ch trong gan. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, th\u1ea7y d\u1ea1y \u00f4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Huad l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 th\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, cho r\u1eb1ng n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng h\u1ecdc. L\u00fd do \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd ch\u01b0a ai bi\u1ebft g\u00ec v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y c\u1ea3. C\u00f2n \u00f4ng, \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7ng m\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi. V\u1eady \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c c\u1eaft gan \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft c\u1eaft \u201ckh\u00f4ng k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch\u201d ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u201cvu v\u01a1\u201d, g\u1eb7p m\u1ea1ch g\u00ec th\u00ec bu\u1ed9c l\u1ea1i. L\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u1eadt nguy hi\u1ec3m v\u00ec c\u1eaft xong, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea7m l\u1ea1i, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebft v\u00ec m\u00e1u ch\u1ea3y hay ho\u1ea1i t\u1eed gan. Ch\u00ednh T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o: t\u00ecm t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u \u1edf trong gan, bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang l\u1ea1i r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u1eaft gan. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi \u201cc\u1eaft gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m\u201d m\u00e0 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi cha\u201d nh\u01b0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 J.M.Krivine \u0111\u00e3 t\u00f4n vinh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1eaft gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean do T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng v\u00e0 Meyer May th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n L\u00e2m ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt Paris nh\u01b0ng ti\u1ebfc thay, b\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Funck Brentano c\u00f4ng k\u00edch d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1edbi qu\u00e1, v\u00ec ch\u01b0a ai bi\u1ebft g\u00ec r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac m\u1ea1ch trong gan. Sau n\u00e0y, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i, s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch \u1ea5y nh\u01b0 \u201cb\u00faa b\u1ed5 v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cn\u00f3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t g\u00e1o n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e3 d\u1ed9i v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 n\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft gan\u201d. Do \u0111\u00f3, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng quay l\u1ea1i \u201cm\u1ed1i t\u00ecnh\u201d v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng con giun m\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u1ecf qu\u00ean t\u1eeb ba n\u0103m nay. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean r\u1eb1ng b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9 t\u1ee5y m\u00e0 ch\u01b0a ai r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn nay \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 do giun \u0111\u0169a \u0111\u00e3 chui v\u00e0o \u1ed1ng m\u1eadt! Ca m\u1ed5 ng\u00e0y 26\/9\/1941 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n cho b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n C\u00fac Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang 179","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM v\u00e0 m\u1ed5 \u0111\u00fang. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n \u1edf b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 m\u1ed5 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nguy\u00ean do v\u1ec1\u00f8 b\u1ec7nh ph\u00f9 t\u1ee5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00f3ng khung trong b\u1ed1n b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n. Ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang h\u00e0o hi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee9c t\u1ec9nh \u00f4ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t h\u00f4m, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi g\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn xem b\u1ec7nh cho m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u1ee5 g\u1ea7y, xanh xao nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft r\u1ea5t s\u00e1ng. Sau khi ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh \u00f4ng c\u1ee5 gi\u1eef \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecfi han chuy\u1ec7n gia \u0111\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: - Th\u01b0a c\u1ee5, ch\u00e1u v\u1eeba c\u00f3 con trai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00f2ng \u1ea1! \u00d4ng c\u1ee5 t\u1eeb t\u1ed1n n\u00f3i: - \u0110\u1ec3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho n\u00f3. T\u00ean ch\u00fa c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 m\u1ed9c, n\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean cho con ch\u00fa l\u00e0 B\u00e1ch. V\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn theo c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u00f4i m\u1eaft s\u00e1ng \u1ea5y. \u00d4ng c\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Khi ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft xong quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch t\u00f3m t\u1eaft kinh nghi\u1ec7m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 giun v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1: \u201cVi\u00eam t\u1ee5y c\u1ea5p t\u00ednh v\u00e0 ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt\u201d. \u00d4ng b\u00e1n chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p b\u1eb1ng \u0111uya-ra v\u1edbi gi\u00e1 400 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y ti\u1ec1n in quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. Quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1ea1i n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 ng\u00e0nh y. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111i theo kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng 180","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. L\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh lu\u00f4n quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n B\u00e1c g\u1eedi \u00f4ng c\u00e1i thi\u1ebfp v\u1edbi d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef: \u201cB\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f9ng, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf b\u00e1o c\u00e1o: Ch\u00fa l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t h\u0103ng h\u00e1i. T\u00f4i r\u1ea5t vui l\u00f2ng. Ch\u00fa c\u1ee9 g\u1eafng s\u1ee9c. Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd nh\u1edb c\u00f4ng con hi\u1ec1n ch\u00e1u th\u1ea3o. Th\u00edm v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u m\u1ea1nh kh\u1ecfe ch\u1ee9? T\u00f4i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u00ecnh an. G\u1eedi ch\u00fa v\u00e0 th\u00edm l\u1eddi ch\u00e0o th\u00e2n \u00e1i v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft th\u1eafng\u201d. T\u1ea5m thi\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c khi\u1ebfn T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng r\u1ea5t x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng n\u00f3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cV\u1edbi s\u1ef1 quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m\u201d. Sau ng\u00e0y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Ph\u1ee7 Do\u00e3n ki\u00eam th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf (\u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1962). B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn khu v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft l\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1952, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Lortat Jacob ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed5 gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00e0y l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u1eaft gan, t\u00ecm v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed1ng m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u \u1edf ngo\u00e0i gan c\u00f2n \u00f4ng th\u00ec t\u00ecm ngay \u1edf trong gan. N\u1ebfu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00e0y ng\u1ed1n h\u1ebft t\u1eeb 3 \u0111\u1ebfn 4 ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 th\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n trong v\u00f2ng\u2026 6 ph\u00fat! B\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng (tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 B\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p 181","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Zentrablatifur Chirurgie (t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed m\u1ed5 x\u1ebb) \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u1edf b\u00e1o The Lancet (b\u00e1o Dao b\u1ea7u) \u1edf Anh. L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong gi\u1edbi y h\u1ecdc th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfc l\u1eddi ca ng\u1ee3i \u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi cha\u201d c\u1ee7a c\u1eaft gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh Ph\u1eabu thu\u1eadt c\u1eaft gan \u2013 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ee9 ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi y h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1965 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a 322 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u1eaft gan \u2013 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 con s\u1ed1 k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. N\u0103m 1970 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea7u v\u00e0o l\u00e0m \u1ee7y vi\u00ean danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m Y khoa Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m Paris \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eed v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u \u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u1ee7y vi\u00ean ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft gan c\u00f3 quy ph\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n. \u00d4ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cT\u1eeb ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u1ebfn khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t d\u00e0i v\u00ec trong khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t kinh nghi\u1ec7m m\u1edbi ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, v\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh kinh \u0111i\u1ec3n, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vinh d\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t minh. T\u1ea1i sao t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ed9t con s\u1ed1 c\u1eaft gan cao nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 do suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. T\u00ecm ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi, sau ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec c\u00f2n ai tin v\u00e0o m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c?\u201d. N\u0103m 1970, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5: \u201cPh\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ea5t di\u1ec7t c\u1ecf v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1ch ch\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e1c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d. Do t\u1ef1 bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 h\u00f3a sinh c\u00f2n thi\u1ebfu n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 B\u1eedu H\u1ed9i \u2013 nh\u00e0 h\u00f3a sinh 182","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i trung t\u00e2m qu\u1ed1c gia nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i kh\u00e1c - \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ch\u1ea5t \u201cdi\u1ec7t c\u1ecf\u201d (dioxin) t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u1ef9 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. V\u1ec1 cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi, b\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i. Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft n\u00e0y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh trang c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho nh\u1eefng ai mu\u1ed1n d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho khoa h\u1ecdc: \u201c1. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. M\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eddi gian, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed nh\u01b0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1eaft gan c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb 1934, b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1939, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb 1960 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn 1974, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi bi\u1ec3u d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh. \u0110\u1ee9ng v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 n\u00f3i, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, s\u1ef1 quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng cho b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ed9t th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc. 2. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef: Trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc, th\u00f4ng tin l\u00e0 v\u00e0o 183","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00f3 n\u1eafm tin t\u1ee9c nhi\u1ec1u, m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft ph\u00e1t minh t\u1ed1t. Tin t\u1ee9c trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7, v\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong bi\u1ec3n c\u1ea3 m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u01a1 v\u00ec t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng khoa h\u1ecdc thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ea5t nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i, tuy nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 y, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tin t\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i theo d\u00f5i c\u00e1c ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 di truy\u1ec1n, h\u00f3a h\u1ecdc, v\u1eadt l\u00fd, to\u00e1n v.v\u2026 Trong th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ng\u00e0y nay, m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t minh \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00f3 khi r\u1ea5t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0nh kh\u00e1c. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed nh\u01b0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 ung th\u01b0 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng n\u1eafm c\u00e1c l\u00fd lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 m\u00e0ng t\u1ebf b\u00e0o th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 theo d\u00f5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c tin t\u1ee9c. Theo t\u00f4i th\u00ec c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay ph\u1ea3i d\u1ea1y v\u00e0o n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean hai ti\u1ebfng ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1. 3. Ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft quan s\u00e1t: C\u00e1c b\u1ea1n ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp t\u1eeb thu\u1edf b\u00e9 quan s\u00e1t s\u00e2u s\u1eafc nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng xung quanh m\u00ecnh, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng trong thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean. Quan s\u00e1t qua tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00fap cho ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u1eb7t ra v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c. 4. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng: Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t minh. Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc Anh-xtanh (Einstein) \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng quan tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n l\u00e0 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec3m hi\u1ec7n nay c\u1ee7a h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft h\u1ecdc sinh ch\u00fang ta, v\u00ec c\u00e1ch d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb l\u00fac tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00f3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 cho m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c d\u01b0\u1edbi kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fd lu\u1eadn; kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ph\u00e1t minh khoa h\u1ecdc. 5. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 v\u0103n h\u00f3a r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i: C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u0103n h\u00f3a r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n thu\u1ea7n t\u00fay. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y vai tr\u00f2 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t l\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng. Ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t kh\u00ed c\u1ee5 s\u1eafc b\u00e9n l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a duy v\u1eadt bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng. 184","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u01b0ng mu\u1ed1n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1ed1t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean l\u00fd duy v\u1eadt bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u00e2u s\u1eafc m\u1edbi l\u00e0m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a duy v\u1eadt bi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee9ng, m\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch t\u1ed1t, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft quan s\u00e1t, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u01b0 duy c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u1ecfi s\u00e1ch v\u1ee1 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u1ec1u. Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf cho \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c ph\u00e1t minh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1edbn h\u1ecdc sinh c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc m\u00f4n l\u00f4-gic. Sau tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng k\u00ea. 6. Ph\u1ea3i n\u1eafm v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc: \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c r\u1ea5t gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n, b\u1edfi v\u00ec con ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00edch qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft v\u1edbi l\u1eddi n\u00f3i h\u01a1n l\u00e0 v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng minh. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 khi r\u1ea5t l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u00e0 gian kh\u1ed5, \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra. Ki\u1ec3m tra c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean l\u00f4-gic v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m (exp\u00e9rience). C\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1edfi m\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ed m\u1eadt, v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m tra, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1t minh \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi l\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch t\u00ednh to\u00e1n, gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft, quan s\u00e1t kinh nghi\u1ec7m, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra \u0111i, ki\u1ec3m tra l\u1ea1i, ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn n\u1eefa. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00e1nh cho ta kh\u1ecfi sai l\u1ea7m, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ngay trong c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda sai, cho n\u00ean, v\u1ec1 l\u00e2u v\u1ec1 d\u00e0i, nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1ch quan, c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc tuy c\u00f3 khi c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o. S\u1ef1 th\u1ef1c trong khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u01a1 s\u1edf l\u00f4-gic v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 ri\u00eang cho m\u00ecnh. Khoa h\u1ecdc ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1, v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con s\u1ed1 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ec9 v\u1ec1 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t th\u00f4i. Con s\u1ed1 l\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i chung c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng 185","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u00f3 con s\u1ed1, m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t ph\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng s\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, nh\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5y, khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn c\u1ea3. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, c\u0169ng n\u00ean ghi nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch, m\u00e0 t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1eb7t gi\u1ea3 thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra qua th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m v\u00e0 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecbnh lu\u1eadt gi\u00fap cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean; \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eeba ch\u00e2n tay, v\u1eeba tr\u00ed \u00f3c, tr\u00ed \u00f3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ch\u00e2n tay, ch\u00e2n tay l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn l\u1ea1i tr\u00ed \u00f3c, v\u00e0 c\u1ee9 th\u1ebf m\u00e3i, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb tr\u1ea7n v\u00e0o l\u00fac 11 gi\u1edd 45 ph\u00fat ng\u00e0y 7\/5\/1982 - \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7. \u0110\u00fang v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y m\u00e0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3 28 n\u0103m \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi trong nh\u1eadt k\u00fd: \u201cB\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u00e2n khu c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb I, t\u00f4i h\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t anh \u0111ang \u1edf g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5y: - Anh bi\u1ebft g\u00ec ch\u01b0a? - Tin g\u00ec? - \u0110\u1edd C\u00e1t-t\u01a1-ri \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng r\u1ed3i. Anh b\u1ed5 ng\u1eeda ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra, h\u00e9t l\u00ean: \u201cTh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng anh? Hoan h\u00f4! Hoan h\u00f4!\u201d. C\u00e1c ch\u1ecb d\u00e2n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ea1y ra, h\u00e9t vang \u201cHoan h\u00f4! Hoan h\u00f4!\u201d. \u00c2m thanh k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u v\u00e0 vang d\u1ed9i \u1ea5y t\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 ch\u00fang ta c\u00f2n nghe \u1ea5m l\u00f2ng m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1c s\u0129 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng. T\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng s\u1ebd m\u00e3i m\u00e3i c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. 186","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM NGUY\u1ec4N KH\u1eaeC VI\u1ec6N H\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft\u2026 th\u1edf N\u1eafng m\u01a1n tr\u1edbn. Gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i nh\u1eb9. S\u00f3ng v\u1ed7 \u00ec o\u1ea1p v\u00e0o boong t\u00e0u. Ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean g\u1ea7y g\u00f2 \u0111\u1ee9ng khoanh tay, d\u00e1ng \u0111\u0103m chi\u00eau, nh\u00ecn theo b\u00f3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha \u0111ang xa khu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n\u2026 Chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i r\u1eddi b\u1ebfn Nh\u00e0 R\u1ed3ng, l\u01b0\u1edbt s\u00f3ng ra kh\u01a1i. Ch\u00e0ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi d\u1eb7n \u00e2n c\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cha tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac chia tay: - Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi con h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n r\u1ed3i. Gia t\u1ed9c Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ta v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng khoa b\u1ea3ng, hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea1t, ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1m l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, l\u00fac con B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n nh\u1ecf th\u00ec th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 d\u1eb7n: \u201c Con mu\u1ed1n (1913-1997) h\u1ecdc g\u00ec th\u00ec h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1eebng h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m quan nh\u01b0 th\u1ea7y l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, con \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh r\u1ed3i. Th\u1ea7y ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n d\u1eb7n r\u1eb1ng\u2026 N\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha ng\u1eadp ng\u1eebng, im l\u1eb7ng. Ti\u1ebf\u00e2ng c\u00f2i t\u00e0u r\u00fac l\u00ean\u2026 \u00d4ng \u00e2n c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1eb7t tay tr\u00ean vai con r\u1ed3i n\u00f3i: - Th\u00f4i, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n d\u1eb7n d\u00f2 con th\u00ec th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 ghi c\u1ea3 trong th\u01b0 n\u1ea7y. Con gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y. Ch\u1ec9 khi n\u00e0o t\u00e0u ra ngo\u00e0i bi\u1ec3n kh\u01a1i th\u00ec con h\u00e3y m\u1edf ra xem. Th\u1ea7y ch\u00fac con th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ed9 b\u00ecnh an\u2026 \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean boong t\u00e0u, ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean nh\u00ecn theo b\u00f3ng cha \u0111ang xa khu\u1ea5t d\u1ea7n\u2026 Trong th\u01b0 vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 cha d\u1eb7n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Ch\u00e0ng 187","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 b\u00f3c l\u00e1 th\u01b0. Tr\u00ean trang gi\u1ea5y tr\u1eafng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi cha vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u01a1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, n\u00e9t m\u1ef1c c\u00f2n t\u01b0\u01a1i r\u00f3i. Ch\u00e0ng c\u00fai xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ecdc (t\u1ea1m d\u1ecbch): H\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e8n s\u00e1ch ch\u1eeda \u0111\u1ee7 n\u0103m, \u0110i xa con h\u00e3y nh\u1edb m\u1eabu th\u00e2n. M\u01b0a \u00c1, gi\u00f3 \u00c2u c\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u0169, Mai: Nam, tuy\u1ebft: B\u1eafc- d\u1eb7m xa g\u1ea7n T\u1ea1o h\u00f3a ph\u00f4 b\u00e0y mu\u00f4n c\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0110\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch g\u1eafng lo h\u1ecdc chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n. Ti\u1ec7c th\u1ecd n\u0103m nay bao hoan h\u1ec9,\t Sinh kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u01a1i m\u00e0u ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 xu\u00e2n. L\u1eadt qua trang sau, l\u00e0 n\u00e9t ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ch\u1ec9 vi\u1ebft v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u: \u201cTh\u1ea7y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn con s\u1ebd h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n d\u1eb7n g\u00ec th\u00eam, ch\u1ec9 mong con kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y v\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ea7m\u201d. B\u1ea5t gi\u00e1c, ch\u00e0ng b\u1eadt l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi, th\u01b0\u01a1ng cha qu\u00e1, n\u0103m nay ch\u00e0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi 24 tu\u1ed5i th\u00f4i m\u00e0, c\u00f4ng danh s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec th\u00ec n\u00e0o d\u00e1m ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ee3 con! Ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01b0 cha tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u t\u1eeb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u1eb7p b\u1ebfn Marseille n\u0103m 1937, sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n \u2013 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng trong y gi\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n sinh ng\u00e0y 5\/2\/1913 t\u1ea1i H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh), l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng gi\u00e1p Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Ni\u00eam \u2013 ph\u1ee7 do\u00e3n Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean. D\u00f9 l\u00e0m quan trong tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 Ni\u00eam kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0m vui m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng giao thi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 L\u00ea Hu\u00e2n, Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u\u2026 v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c cho con tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u201cT\u1ee9 t\u00f4n ch\u00e2m\u201d: \u201cT\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng, \u1eaft \u0111\u1ea1i ho\u00e0 h\u1ee3p; t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng b\u1ed5ng l\u1ed9c, \u1eaft \u0111\u1ea1i nguy nan; t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u1eaft \u0111\u1ea1i ph\u1ed3n th\u1ecbnh; t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng xi\u1ec3m n\u1ecbnh, \u1eaft \u0111\u1ea1i suy vong\u201d. Trong th\u1eddi gian ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng B\u01b0\u1edfi, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 kh\u00e1o nhau v\u1ec1 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cth\u1eadt nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00f9a\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng trong th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 \u201cng\u1ee9a kh\u00f4ng g\u00e3i, n\u00f3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea1t, b\u1ea9n kh\u00f4ng... t\u1eafm!\u201d. Sau ba n\u0103m h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ba ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sang Ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp \u2013 v\u00ec l\u00fac n\u00e0y tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng Y Paris. \u0110\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u00f4ng lo h\u1ecdc, sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u00e0y t\u00f4i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, m\u1ed9t b\u00e0 c\u00f4 h\u1ecfi ch\u00e1u \u1edf ngo\u00e0i 188","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u1ea5y \u0103n ti\u00eau h\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau. T\u00f4i tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi l\u00e0 20 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c. B\u00e0 th\u1ed1t l\u00ean: C\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 c\u00f4 5-6 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf qu\u00ea \u0103n c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ee7. C\u1ea3 t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u0129nh th\u1eddi \u1ea5y c\u00f9ng l\u1ee9a ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. R\u1ed3i t\u00f4i qua Ph\u00e1p, \u0103n ti\u00eau m\u1ed7i th\u00e1ng b\u1eb1ng 20-30 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf nh\u00e0. N\u1ee3 d\u00e2n, n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u1ee3 nh\u00e0 n\u1eb7ng qu\u00e1, ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3.\u2026T\u00f4i lao v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb r\u1ed3i t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tu, t\u1ec1, tr\u1ecb, b\u00ecnh ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a M\u00e1c. Theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ee3 v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y t\u00f4i, v\u1edbi l\u00e0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. L\u00fac sang Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i b\u1eb1ng v\u00e9 h\u1ea1ng 3, nh\u01b0ng l\u00ean t\u00e0u \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5i xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1ng 4 - d\u00f9 n\u1eb1m l\u1eabn trong \u0111\u00e1m h\u00e0nh kh\u00e1ch ngh\u00e8o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i th\u00fa l\u00e0 tha h\u1ed3 ng\u1eafm\u2026tr\u0103ng sao, tr\u1eddi bi\u1ec3n! V\u00e0 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 d\u00f4i ra m\u1ed9t \u00edt ti\u1ec1n m\u00e0 sau khi sang Ph\u00e1p \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i h\u1ecdc. D\u00f9 l\u00e0 con nh\u00e0 quan, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Ni\u00eam c\u00f3 hai v\u1ee3, sinh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 14 ng\u01b0\u1eddi con n\u00ean chi ti\u00eau trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap cho \u00f4ng trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y du h\u1ecdc thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n. Sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cN\u0103m 1939, \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, l\u01b0u h\u1ecdc sinh \u1edf Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 g\u1eedi sang n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai c\u00e1ch: m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m, t\u1ef1 lo l\u1ea5y; hai l\u00e0 c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean B\u1ed9 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba xin tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p, mu\u1ed1n tr\u00e1nh nh\u1ee5c ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, ch\u1ecbu kh\u00f3 \u0111i t\u00ecm vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m nu\u00f4i th\u00e2n. L\u00fac n\u00e0y t\u00f4i m\u1edbi th\u1ea5y cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1m b\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap t\u00f4i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng\u201d. Sang \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, \u1edf trong c\u01b0 x\u00e1 sinh vi\u00ean, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Ng\u1ee5y Nh\u01b0 Kontum, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ea1nh T\u01b0\u1eddng, Ph\u1ea1m Quang L\u1ec5 (sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a) v.v... Sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cV\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc h\u00e0nh th\u00ec qua n\u0103m 1939, t\u00f4i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb thi \u201cn\u1ed9i tr\u00fa\u201d th\u00ec chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai n\u1ed5 ra, k\u1ef3 thi b\u00e3i b\u1ecf, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00e1 t\u1ed1t, n\u00ean h\u1ecd c\u1eed t\u00f4i v\u00e0o l\u00e0m n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa. Khi \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Paris, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Nam b\u1eb1ng xe \u0111\u1ea1p v\u1edbi ba l\u00f4 tr\u00ean vai. \u0110i c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m c\u00f3 anh Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n Nh\u1ecb v\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Quang L\u1ec5. \u0110i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd s\u00f4ng Loire, c\u00e1ch Paris ch\u1eebng 120km ch\u00fang t\u00f4i b\u1ea3o nhau: \u201cQu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u01b0a t\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2u! Ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i t\u1eafm m\u00e1t c\u00e1i \u0111\u00e3!\u201d. T\u00f4i v\u00ec l\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1ng l\u1ec1u, tr\u1ea3i n\u1ec7m ra d\u01b0\u1edbi g\u1ea7m c\u1ea7u, n\u1eb1m nghe anh Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n Nh\u1ecb ng\u00e2m Ki\u1ec1u v\u00e0 Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m. M\u1edd s\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, m\u00e1y bay \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ebfn n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0o c\u1ea7u, ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp, may m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ebft! Hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 189","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i h\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 \u201ccao si\u00eau\u201d nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00f3! Chi\u1ebfn tranh hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ecdn tr\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec3m giao th\u00f4ng, chui v\u00e0o c\u1ea7u ng\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ee9ng bom. Th\u1ebf m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau, anh Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1942, l\u00fac t\u00f4i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf m\u1ed9t b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n g\u1ea7n ngo\u1ea1i \u00f4 Paris th\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh lao. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 thu\u1ed1c ch\u1eefa nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, b\u1ec7nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i trong g\u1ea7n ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i l\u00ean b\u00e0n m\u1ed5 b\u1ea3y l\u1ea7n, c\u1eaft h\u1eb3n l\u00e1 ph\u1ed5i b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i, 1\/3 l\u00e1 ph\u1ed5i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i v\u00e0 8 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u01b0\u1eddn. V\u00ec s\u1ee9c y\u1ebfu, m\u1ed7i l\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 c\u1eaft hai c\u00e1i, \u0111\u1ee3i hai th\u00e1ng sau m\u1ed5 ra c\u1eaft ti\u1ebfp 2 c\u00e1i kh\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u1edfng nguy hi\u1ec3m \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m n\u1eb1m vi\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 s\u00e1ch tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. L\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c th\u1edf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u1ea7n Yoga - Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 kh\u00ed c\u00f4ng, trong \u0111\u00f3 y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 r\u1ea5t quan tr\u1ecdng l\u00e0 bi\u1ebft th\u1edf cho \u0111\u00fang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p. T\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1ng cho m\u00ecnh t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y\u201d(1). Qua l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng, ta th\u1ea5y hi\u1ec7n l\u00ean ch\u00e2n dung c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c. T\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng Saint Hilaire du Touvet \u1edf Grenoble, \u00f4ng gia nh\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ec7nh t\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed5 sung cho v\u1ed1n ngo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p, Anh, \u0110\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Tr\u00ean trang v\u1edf h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2, \u0111\u00f3ng th\u00e0nh t\u1eadp d\u00e0y 120 trang, \u00f4ng chia th\u00e0nh hai ph\u1ea7n b\u1eb1ng nhau. M\u1ed9t n\u1eeda ghi ti\u1ebfng B\u1ea1ch Tho\u1ea1i (ti\u1ebfng Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i) v\u00e0 n\u1eeda b\u00ean kia th\u00ec ghi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Ghi t\u1eeb c\u00e1ch ph\u00e1t \u00e2m, m\u1eabu c\u00e2u h\u1ed9i tho\u1ea1i, m\u1eabu th\u01b0 t\u1eeb, c\u00e1c quy t\u1eafc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v.v\u2026 \u00d4ng chuy\u00ean c\u1ea7n h\u1ecdc t\u1eebng t\u1eeb, cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng b\u00fat l\u00f4ng ch\u00e9p l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Chinh ph\u1ee5 ng\u00e2m c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1eb7ng Tr\u1ea7\u00e2n C\u00f4n ho\u1eb7c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u1eadp Thi\u00ean v\u0103n t\u1ef1 v.v\u2026 V\u1edbi ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean th\u00e2m c\u1ee7a hai n\u1ec1n v\u0103n ho\u00e1 \u0110\u00f4ng - T\u00e2y, do \u0111\u00f3, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 sau thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00f4n k\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u201ck\u1ebb s\u0129 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d; \u201cs\u0129 phu th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3 Ngh\u1ec7 gi\u1ecfi ch\u1eef T\u00e2y\u201d \u2026 Th\u1eddi th\u1ebf l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u x\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1ee1ng b\u1ec7nh, \u00f4ng xin r\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7n \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u01b0\u1ee1ng. \u00d4ng Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng tr\u00f2n m\u1eaft kinh ng\u1ea1c: (1) T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n - NXB Thu\u1eadn Ho\u00e1, 1997, tr.90,91. 190","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM - Anh \u0111i\u00ean r\u1ed3i hay sao? Hay anh mu\u1ed1n t\u1ef1 s\u00e1t? Anh c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n ba l\u00e1 ph\u1ed5i, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i b\u1ec7nh lao t\u00e1i ph\u00e1t, m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng Paris v\u1edbi v\u00e0i l\u1ea7n vi\u00eam ph\u1ebf qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ee7 gi\u1ebft anh! Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecf ngo\u00e0i tai l\u1eddi can ng\u0103n \u1ea5y v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00f3i ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i: - C\u1ea7u Ch\u00faa ph\u00f9 h\u1ed9 cho anh. Sau khi r\u1eddi Grenoble, tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Paris, Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lao v\u00e0o ho\u1ea1t Th\u1ee7 b\u00fat c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong phong tr\u00e0o (Khai b\u00fat Xu\u00e2n 1963) c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Ki\u1ec1u. Sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng k\u1ec3: \u201cB\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00f4i, nh\u1edd ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh n\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft, ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c thu l\u01b0\u1ee3m qua s\u00e1ch v\u1edf trong m\u1ea5y n\u0103m n\u1eb1m b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n s\u1edbm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cti\u00eau ho\u00e1\u201d th\u00e0nh \u00fd th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u anh em kh\u00e1c, ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n r\u1ed3i lo chuy\u1ec7n v\u1ee3 con, ki\u1ebfm ch\u1ed7 l\u00e0m \u0103n\u201d(2). L\u00fac ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 (VNDCCH) \u0111ang h\u1ecdp t\u1ea1i Gen\u00e8ve, sau chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng S\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t bi\u00ean sang Thu\u00ee S\u0129 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u1edf Ph\u00e1p v\u1edbi ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1956, H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Ki\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, ra ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng khai, th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd. Qua n\u0103m 1962, Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc VNDCCH c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh (2) S\u0111d, tr.92. 191","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Paris, do Mai V\u0103n B\u1ed9 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n b\u1ecb ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Ph\u00e1p tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t. Sau 26 n\u0103m \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, ng\u00e0y 24\/7\/1963, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. S\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi lo ng\u1ea1i, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt khuy\u00ean: \u201c\u00d4ng \u0111\u1eebng v\u1ec1. \u1ede H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, kh\u00ed h\u1eadu, \u0103n u\u1ed1ng, h\u1ecdp h\u00e0nh li\u00ean mi\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ch\u1eafc \u00f4ng ch\u1ebft s\u1edbm\u201d. C\u00f2n b\u00e1c s\u0129 H\u1ed3 \u0110\u1eafc Di khi nh\u00ecn b\u1ec7nh \u00e1n \u201cc\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i x\u01a1 ph\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn, dung t\u00edch th\u1edf 1 l\u00edt 300, m\u1ed9t dung t\u00edch r\u1ea5t nh\u1ecf so v\u1edbi t\u1ea7m v\u00f3c con ng\u01b0\u1eddi (1,70m)\u201d; c\u00e1c b\u00e1c s\u0129 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf h\u1ed3 s\u01a1: \u201cthi\u1ebfu th\u1edf tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng\u201d th\u00ec th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cT\u00f4i r\u1ea5t e ng\u1ea1i, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft v\u1edbi b\u1ec7nh t\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, anh Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00ed h\u1eadu v\u00e0 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh sinh ho\u1ea1t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng?\u201d. V\u1eady m\u00e0 tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi suy ngh\u0129 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c khi\u1ebfn ai c\u0169ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c! Khi v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m \u1ee6y vi\u00ean ban \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, \u00f4ng s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp v\u00e0 l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp b\u00e1o Le Courrier du Vietnam v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Etudes Vietnamiennes; sau n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Ngo\u1ea1i V\u0103n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ki\u00eam gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u00fat n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i b\u00e1o vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh, Ph\u00e1p..., \u00f4ng c\u00f2n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. V\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Mi\u1ec1n Nam, Kinh nghi\u1ec7m Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Th\u00f4ng s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u2026 V\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 Tuy\u1ec3n t\u1eadp v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 X \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX\u2026 \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 r\u1ea5t cao. V\u1ec1 y h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn V\u00f5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, T\u1eeb sinh l\u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, C\u01a1 th\u1ec3 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 t\u0129nh, T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u00e2m l\u00fd v.v\u2026V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch N\u01b0\u1edbc C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eb7ng th\u01b0\u1edfng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u1ea1ng Nh\u1ea5t (1997). C\u00f2n Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p n\u0103m 1991 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn d\u00e0nh cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p (Grand prix de la Francophonie), tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 400.000 franc, t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng 80.000 USD. N\u1ebfu trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ecdc thu\u1eadt, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o \u201cKinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n \u201cn\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec7n\u201d(t\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp) \u0111\u1ec3 bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng 192","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u00f3 \u201cngu\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec7n n\u0103ng\u201d (t\u1ee9c ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c) \u0111\u1ea7y \u1eafp trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi. C\u00f3 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o m\u1edbi nh\u00ecn r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00ean m\u1ecdi g\u00f3c c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eaft l\u1ecdc xem n\u00ean vi\u1ebft c\u00e1i g\u00ec, vi\u1ebft cho ai \u0111\u1ecdc, vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u\u201d \u2013 th\u00ec trong vi\u1ec7c r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ed quy\u1ebft\u201c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng? Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua c\u00e1i tu\u1ed5i \u201cc\u1ed5 lai hy\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edd thu\u1ed1c men \u2013 m\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh t\u1ef1 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c. V\u1edbi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u00e0y, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n H\u01b0\u1edfng \u2013 nguy\u00ean B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Y t\u1ebf \u2013 t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 cho ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng. \u00d4ng n\u00f3i: \u201cQuan ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 n\u1eafm nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean sinh l\u00fd h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng k\u1ef7 l\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u201cph\u00e9p l\u1ea1\u201d m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m t\u1eaft th\u00ec c\u00f3 ba kh\u00e2u t\u1eadp: th\u1edf, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eadp trung \u00fd, li\u00ean quan \u0111\u1ebfn ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ba b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng, c\u01a1 b\u1eafp, th\u1ea7n kinh\u2026\u201d; v\u00e0 \u201cT\u00f4i t\u1eadp luy\u1ec7n theo ki\u1ec3u \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9, ki\u1ec3u thi\u1ec1n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1ed1i s\u1ed1ng xu\u1ea5t th\u1ebf. C\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n Yoga t\u00f4i c\u0169ng tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c \u201cT\u1ed5 \u1ea9n h\u00e0nh qu\u00e1i\u201d, tr\u00e1nh tin ph\u00f9 ph\u00e9p, ch\u1ec9 gi\u1eef ph\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh, n\u00e2ng cao s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb, gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u1eef b\u00ecnh t\u0129nh, \u0111\u1ee1 m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t\u201d. V\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf, \u00f4ng quan ni\u1ec7m: \u201cS\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9nh c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, n\u1eb1m ngo\u00e0i \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ta. Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n cho tim \u0111\u1eadp nhanh hay ch\u1eadm, d\u1ea1 d\u00e0y co b\u00f3p hay kh\u00f4ng, m\u1ea1ch m\u00e1u th\u1eaft hay n\u1edf; t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1ea5y do th\u1ea7n kinh ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi \u00fd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a ta. Trong t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 h\u1ecdat \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1edf l\u00e0 v\u1eeba t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, v\u1eeba c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u00f9y \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1edf t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t, t\u00f9y theo k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ea7n kinh m\u00e0 di\u1ec5n ra nhanh hay ch\u1eadm, v\u1edbi nh\u1ecbp \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1eb7n hay r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n. 193","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u01b0ng n\u1ebfu ta ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1edf nhanh hay ch\u1eadm, n\u00f4ng hay s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec1u hay kh\u00f4ng\u201d. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u01a1 b\u1eafp, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ee5ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 g\u1eafn v\u00e0o s\u01b0\u1eddn. L\u00fac c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng, c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng trong b\u1ee5ng b\u1ecb d\u1ed3n xu\u1ed1ng, b\u1ee5ng ph\u00ecnh l\u00ean; l\u00fac \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb h\u00fat v\u00e0o, v\u00ec v\u1eady ph\u00ecnh b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf v\u00e0o. L\u00fac c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh n\u00e2ng l\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra, c\u00e1c n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1ng trong b\u1ee5ng b\u1ecb k\u00e9o theo, b\u1ee5ng th\u00f3t l\u1ea1i, v\u00ec v\u1eady th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf ra. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady mu\u1ed1n t\u1eadp th\u1edf, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n l\u00e0: th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng cho c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf ra, v\u00e0 ph\u00ecnh b\u1ee5ng cho c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh h\u1ea1 xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf v\u00e0o. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf ra h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c, l\u00fac th\u1edf v\u00e0o c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ee5ng t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean ph\u00ecnh ra l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7. N\u1ebfu t\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eebng \u1ea5y, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap cho s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb t\u1ed1t l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf n\u00e0y k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng h\u01a1i th\u1edf, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0a oxy th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u v\u00e0o, \u0111\u01b0a hi\u1ec7u su\u1ea5t th\u1edf \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u0111a. Mu\u1ed1n v\u1eady ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a, c\u01a1 ho\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i n\u00e2ng l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c cao nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t. Sau khi n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc tr\u00ean th\u00ec sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 t\u1eadp th\u1edf: 1. Ng\u1ed3i gh\u1ebf, th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng hai tay, kh\u00f4ng nh\u00fac nh\u00edch hai vai. Ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh \u0111ang c\u1ea7m m\u1ed9t b\u00e1t ch\u00e1o n\u00f3ng, th\u1ed5i nh\u00e8 nh\u1eb9 qua mi\u1ec7ng cho ch\u00e1o ngu\u1ed9i d\u1ea7n, th\u1ed5i r\u1ea5t ch\u1eadm, th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ed5i ra. Khi b\u1ee5ng th\u00f3t h\u1ebft, ng\u01b0ng th\u1ed5i, cho b\u1ee5ng ph\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1edf v\u00e0o. B\u1ee5ng ph\u00ecnh l\u00ean h\u1ebft, ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t t\u00ed r\u1ed3i th\u1ed5i ra. L\u00e0m 4-5 ph\u00fat nh\u01b0 v\u1eady r\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec9. 2. \u0110\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng, ph\u00ecnh b\u1ee5ng l\u00e0m quen r\u1ed3i, kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed qua mi\u1ec7ng n\u1eefa. Sau \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 cho qua m\u0169i, ra v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec1u qua m\u0169i. 3. T\u1eadp th\u1edf nh\u01b0 v\u1eady trong c\u00e1c t\u01b0 th\u1ebf: n\u1eb1m ng\u1eeda (hai ch\u00e2n g\u1ea5p), n\u1eb1m s\u1ea5p, n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang m\u1ed9t b\u00ean, b\u00f2 b\u1ed1n ch\u00e2n, qu\u1ef3 g\u1ea5p l\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u00f5ng tay ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc\u2026 194","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM 4. Cho b\u1ee5ng th\u00f3t v\u00e0o ph\u00ecnh ra th\u1eadt nhanh. 5. Th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng, xong d\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u01b0\u1eddn k\u00e9o l\u1ed3ng ng\u1ef1c l\u00ean nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng cho kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed v\u00e0o ph\u1ed5i. B\u1ee5ng th\u00f3t t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i \u0111a. 6. Nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y n\u1eafm tay th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea5m \u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0o b\u1ee5ng, gi\u1eef m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng cho tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi kia \u1ea5n s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u1ee5ng: nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 t\u1eadp th\u1edf n\u00e9n. 7. Co r\u00fat c\u01a1 b\u1ee5ng b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i r\u1ed3i b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c xo\u1eafn b\u1ee5ng. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c th\u1edf nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n c\u00f2n h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn t\u1eadp v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, t\u1eadp t\u0129nh, th\u01b0 gi\u00e3n v.v\u2026 \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 nh\u1edb, d\u1ec5 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch t\u1eadp th\u1edf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1eb7t nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u v\u00e8 n\u00f4m na: Th\u00f3t b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf ra Ph\u00ecnh b\u1ee5ng th\u1edf v\u00e0o Hai vai b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng Ch\u00e2n tay th\u1ea3 l\u1ecfng \u00cam, ch\u1eadm, s\u00e2u, \u0111\u1ec1u B\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng qua m\u0169i Khi g\u1ea5p qua m\u1ed3m \u0110\u1ee9ng ng\u1ed3i hay n\u1eb1m \u1ede \u0111\u00e2u c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c V\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u00e2ng l\u00ean th\u00e0nh v\u00f5 d\u01b0\u1ee1ng sinh. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o \u0110\u1ed7 Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh - \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 thao to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 XI (9\/1990), B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng VHTTTT \u0111\u00e3 trao cho \u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng khen v\u00ec \u201cv\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng lao trong vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u\u201d. Theo \u00f4ng: \u201c\u0110\u00e1 c\u1ea7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u00f4n th\u1ec3 thao v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 to\u00e0n th\u00e2n, l\u00fac ti\u1ebfn l\u00fac lui, l\u00fac \u0111\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ee1 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i, b\u1eb1ng vai, b\u1eb1ng ng\u1ef1c, l\u00fac v\u00edt c\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng ch\u00e2n, b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00fac m\u00f3c c\u1ea7u ph\u00eda sau,b\u00ean tr\u00e1i, b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i\u2026 Qu\u1ea3 c\u1ea7u l\u00e0m kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n k\u00e9m, di\u1ec7n t\u00edch s\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9 kho\u1ea3ng 9m2 l\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d; v\u00e0 \u201cThanh thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean ta hi\u1ec7n nay r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebfu ch\u1ed7 v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i. H\u1ecdc xong, 195","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM lao \u0111\u1ed9ng xong r\u1ed3i ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 ch\u01a1i, c\u00f3 ch\u01a1i h\u1eb1ng ng\u00e0y m\u1edbi r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb. M\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 15 \u0111\u1ebfn 30 ph\u00fat, \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i b\u1ed9 h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c kil\u00f4m\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 m\u1ecfi\u201d. Hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u00f4n \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ea7u m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh thi \u0111\u1ea5u ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i kho\u1ebb Ph\u00f9 \u0110\u1ed5ng v\u00e0 thi \u0111\u1ea5u qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Do \u0111\u00f3, T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00ec s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao l\u00e0 v\u1eady. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, su\u1ed1t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, ngo\u00e0i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n ho\u00e1\u2026 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. Sau khi ngh\u1ec9 h\u01b0u, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Trung t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u tr\u1ebb em (T-N) - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 M\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 22\/4\/1989. Trung t\u00e2m n\u00e0y \u2013 nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n n\u00f3i \u0111\u00f9a d\u00ed d\u1ecfm th\u00ec n\u00f3 ra \u0111\u1eddi trong \u201cb\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng\u201d: kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 bi\u00ean ch\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p kinh ph\u00ed, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kinh doanh \u2013 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, d\u1ecbch r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 t\u00e2m \u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd tr\u1ebb em nh\u01b0 T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u00e2m l\u00fd, N\u1ed7i kh\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a con em, L\u00f2ng con tr\u1ebb, Tu\u1ed5i m\u1ea7m non, Ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n sinh l\u00fd v\u00e0 t\u00e2m l\u00fd tr\u1ebb em t\u1eeb 0 \u0111\u1ebfn 3 tu\u1ed5i, Ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u00e2m l\u00fd trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u, Sinh l\u00fd th\u1ea7n kinh v.v... \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t quy\u1ec3n T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u00e2m l\u00fd do b\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1994, sau hai n\u0103m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i: \u201cB\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eadn d\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 ph\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n t\u00e2m b\u1ec7nh l\u00fd th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p \u1edf tr\u1ebb em trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n hi\u1ec7n nay\u201d c\u1ee7a N-T \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean B\u1ed9 Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o - Y t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u gi\u00e1o khoa trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cKh\u00f3 kh\u0103n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh, c\u00e1c b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u1ecdc tr\u1ebb em. H\u1ecd coi \u201ct\u00e2m l\u00fd\u201d l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t xa x\u00ed ph\u1ea9m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng ch\u1ebft ai. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i N-T c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi, v\u00ec m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ea5y tr\u1ebb em ng\u00e0y nay th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5p v\u00e1p t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. Trung t\u00e2m N-T ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u1ed1t v\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi 196","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m C\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cCh\u00e2n dung \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m N-T\u201d nh\u00e2n Trung t\u00e2m N-T tr\u00f2n 7 tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0 sau: Trung th\u1ef1c thanh li\u00eam v\u1ed1n t\u00ednh cha, T\u00e2m h\u1ed3n r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf c\u00f5i bao la. Nghi\u00ean b\u00fat su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, C\u1ee9u nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ebf r\u1ea1ng danh nh\u00e0. T\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng cao th\u1ea5p, L\u00fd t\u00ecnh tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n, kh\u1eafp g\u1ea7n xa. Tr\u1ebb gi\u00e0 trai g\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng, Em ri\u00eang mang n\u1eb7ng ngh\u0129a t\u00ecnh ta. Trong y h\u1ecdc, x\u01b0a nay c\u00e1c th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u quan ni\u1ec7m ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh h\u01a1n ch\u1eefa b\u1ec7nh. B\u00e1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn khi \u0111\u1ec1 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng b\u1ec7nh t\u00edch c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tu\u1ed5i th\u1ecd c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1i. V\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng c\u0169ng nh\u1edd \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 t\u1eeb s\u1ee9c kho\u1ebb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e8n treo tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00f3 - c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 tr\u00e0o: Nh\u00e2n sinh th\u1ea5t th\u1eadp c\u1ed5 lai hy, \u00d4ng Vi\u1ec7n t\u00e1m m\u01b0\u01a1i th\u1eadt l\u1ea1 k\u1ef3. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1ng l\u00e2u th\u1ebf nh\u1ec9, Bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng m\u1edbi ch\u1ecbu... ra \u0111i ? \u0111\u1eb1ng sau c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u1ea5y, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh dung ra \u00e1nh m\u1eaft c\u01b0\u1eddi h\u00f3m h\u1ec9nh, \u0111\u00f4n h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i \u00e1nh m\u1eaft \u1ea5y v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n kh\u00e9p l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o l\u00fac 2 gi\u1edd 45 ph\u00fat ng\u00e0y 10\/5\/1997. C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ni\u1ec1m th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. 197","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM TR\u1ea6N \u0110\u1ea0I NGH\u0128A Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u00fang Bazooka v\u00e0 SKZ Ng\u00e0y 11\/9\/1946, t\u1eeb c\u1ea3ng Marseille m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd kh\u1edfi h\u00e0nh. S\u00f3ng v\u1ed7 \u00ec o\u1ea1m v\u00e0o boong t\u00e0u. V\u00f2m tr\u1eddi xanh bi\u1ebfc. Nh\u1eefng con h\u1ea3i \u00e2u l\u01b0\u1ee3n bay. Tr\u00ean t\u00e0u c\u00f3 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, b\u00e1c s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n H\u1eefu T\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 luy\u1ec7n kim V\u00f5 Qu\u00fd Hu\u00e2n, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 m\u1ecf v\u00e0 luy\u1ec7n kim V\u00f5 \u0110\u00ecnh Hu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Quang L\u1ec5. Khi t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ebfn Lion, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111i d\u1ea1o ph\u1ed1, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean boong t\u00e0u, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh h\u1ecfi: Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a - B\u00e2y gi\u1edd, \u1edf nh\u00e0 c\u00f2n gian kh\u1ed5 l\u1eafm, ch\u00fa (1913-1997) c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng? - Th\u01b0a B\u00e1c, t\u00f4i ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i! Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ea7m ng\u00e2m r\u1ed3i h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp: - B\u00e2y gi\u1edd \u1edf nh\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n, li\u1ec7u ch\u00fa c\u00f3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? - Th\u01b0a B\u00e1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb 11 n\u0103m v\u00e0 t\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 B\u00e1c giao. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1ea1ch r\u00f2i v\u00e0 d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u1eefa Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Fontainbleau \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 198","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u l\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n su\u1ed1t b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam m\u1edbi v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ea3ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u00e2n c\u1ea7n th\u0103m h\u1ecfi, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Quang L\u1ec5. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 13\/9\/1913 trong m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 Xu\u00e2n Hi\u1ec7p, huy\u1ec7n Tam B\u00ecnh (V\u0129nh Long). N\u0103m 1933 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu t\u00fa t\u00e0i T\u00e2y v\u00e0 t\u00fa t\u00e0i b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9. C\u1ea3 hai l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00f4ng th\u1eeba \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 ra l\u00e0m quan, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00f3. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 do h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed9i \u00c1i h\u1eefu c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chasseloup Laubat c\u1ea5p h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m b\u00ean Ph\u00e1p. \u00d4ng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1eb7ng sau n\u00e0y ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i b\u1ecdn ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. \u00d4ng thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng Qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ea7u c\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi h\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u1edf nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n \u00f4ng nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed. \u00d4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1ed3n to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1eddi gian c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i v\u00e0o th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. Sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cT\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00e1c lu\u1eadn v\u0103n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt, chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a 199"]