Kể chuyện danh nhân Việt Nam tập 3 - Danh nhân khoa học Việt Nam

["B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. H\u1ecdc l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ee7, t\u00f4i c\u00f2n tranh th\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. T\u00f4i ch\u0103m ch\u00fa l\u00e0m th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m, \u0111i tham quan c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c vi\u1ec7n b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed\u201d. V\u00ec bi\u1ebft \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh t\u00edch trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed, n\u00ean \u00f4ng tranh th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng ngh\u1ec9 h\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ng\u1eef ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 thu\u1ed9c 4.000 t\u1eeb trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u00f4ng minh phi th\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, n\u00ean \u00f4ng m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1eb1ng nguy\u00ean t\u00e1c ti\u1ebfng \u0110\u1ee9c. Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Paris hoa l\u1ec7 l\u1ed9ng l\u1eaby nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t n\u00e0ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00faa ki\u00eau k\u1ef3, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. Nh\u1edd quen v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee7 th\u01b0 n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m qu\u00fd v\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5, v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang l\u1edbn, s\u00fang nh\u1ecf. Nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u01b0\u1ee3n b\u00ed m\u1eadt, do \u0111\u00f3 khi m\u01b0\u1ee3n v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 b\u1ea3y th\u00ec \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1ee9c su\u1ed1t \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc, ghi ch\u00e9p r\u1ed3i s\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 hai \u0111em tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 t\u00edch l\u0169y ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng. Sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u00e3ng c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 xin l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec7n v\u00e0 x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y bay. N\u0103m 1942, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 sang \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong hai x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u0169 kh\u00ed. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, \u00f4ng quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Paris l\u00e0m cho c\u00f4ng ty Sud- Avion. N\u0103m 1946 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 theo B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. H\u00e0nh trang c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t c\u1ed3ng k\u1ec1nh, kh\u00f4ng ai ng\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5n... s\u00e1ch! Ng\u00e0y 5\/12\/1946, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 cho g\u1ecdi t\u1edbi n\u01a1i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc b\u1ed9 ph\u1ee7, B\u00e1c n\u00f3i: - Kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i r\u1ed3i. H\u00f4m nay, b\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh giao cho ch\u00fa nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0m C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi. Ch\u00fa s\u1ebd ch\u0103m lo v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb nay, B\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean cho ch\u00fa l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam. B\u00e1c mong ch\u00fa g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ph\u00e1p \u0111ang tung ho\u00e0nh ngang d\u1ecdc tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 nh\u1edd c\u00f3 xe t\u0103ng, l\u00e0m sao \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t xe t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? \u0110\u1ea7u 200","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u00e1ng 1\/1947, t\u1ea1i Thanh Oai (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng) trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p \u2013 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng, T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1eb7t x\u01b0\u1edfng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed\u2026 Sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0y 18\/2, C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng cho c\u00e1c ty qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u0169 kh\u00ed. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c x\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 C\u00f4ng binh x\u01b0\u1edfng, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n theo ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \u201cti\u1ec3u quy m\u00f4, c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng, linh ho\u1ea1t, d\u1ec5 di chuy\u1ec3n khi c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft\u201d. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111ang chi\u1ebfn tranh, ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 giao l\u00e0m C\u1ee5c tr\u01b0\u1edfng C\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Nha nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u201cnghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, ch\u1ebf th\u1eed c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1edbi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t huy, c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn t\u00ednh n\u0103ng, t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o l\u00fd lu\u1eadn x\u1ea1 thu\u1eadt (thu\u1eadt ph\u00f3ng) v\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn d\u00f9ng \u0111\u00fang thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 trong nh\u1ed3i l\u1eafp. Nha c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u thay th\u1ebf v\u00e0 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd x\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1eabu\u201d (L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, trang 54). Sau Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n 2 (4\/1947) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cCh\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng, ch\u1ed1ng ca n\u00f4 nh\u01b0: Baz\u00f4ka, m\u00ecn, \u0111\u1ecba l\u00f4i v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00f4 s\u01a1 nh\u01b0 l\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ea1n, s\u00fang k\u00edp\u2026\u201d th\u00ec \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi th\u01b0 cho c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n Binh c\u00f4ng x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1eb7n d\u00f2: \u201cT\u00f4i mong anh ch\u1ecb em s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa, t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1t cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ta gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, v\u1eadt li\u1ec7u hi\u1ec7n c\u00f3\u201d. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n Bazooka r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3, Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u00fa \u00fd ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb xe t\u0103ng - thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfn xa. \u0110\u1ea1n lo\u1ea1i l\u00f5m, d\u00e0i 0,56mm, n\u1eb7ng 1,7kg, c\u00f3 220 gam thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 60 gam thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea9y, s\u1ee9c xuy\u00ean th\u00e9p 150mm. S\u00fang d\u00e0i 1,27m, n\u1eb7ng 11kg, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e1c vai, c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. C\u1ef1 ly b\u1eafn c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 50-100m. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n 201","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 c\u01a1 gi\u1edbi, xe t\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho ta 3 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang Bazooka v\u00e0 20 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n. C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eabu s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 6\/1946, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u00ean (Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean) nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n. Trong quy\u1ec3n L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam do T\u1ed5ng c\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng - kinh t\u1ebf (B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng) bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n c\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng chi ti\u1ebft th\u00fa v\u1ecb: \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ea1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n m\u1eabu ra t\u1eebng b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ebd ki\u1ec3u ch\u1ebf th\u1eed. L\u00e0m ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u x\u01b0\u1edfng g\u1eb7p kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 thi\u1ebfu m\u00e1y d\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e1, th\u00e9p l\u00e1. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gia c\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p. \u0110\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1n ti\u1ec7n t\u1eeb c\u00e1c \u0111o\u1ea1n th\u00e9p ho\u1eb7c nh\u00f4m \u0111\u1eb7c. C\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng kh\u00fac \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00fac. \u1ed0ng \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1n (bu\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ef1ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea9y) c\u0169ng ti\u1ec7n t\u1eeb kh\u00fac th\u00e9p \u0111\u1eb7c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y h\u00e0n ti\u1ec7n, anh em h\u00e0n b\u1eb1ng thi\u1ebft g\u1eafn c\u00e1nh \u0111u\u00f4i v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1ng \u0111u\u00f4i \u0111\u1ea1n. Ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng kh\u00e1 tr\u00f3t l\u1ecdt, qu\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00fang h\u00ecnh d\u1ea1ng, k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ch\u00ednh l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n bu\u1ed3ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea9y, loa ph\u1ee5t h\u01a1i (tuy-e), li\u1ec1u thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea9y, thu\u1ed1c \u0110o\u00e0n qu\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p 202","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM g\u00e2y n\u1ed5\u2026 n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u00f3a ch\u1ea5t, h\u1ecfa thu\u1eadt. Ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n bay \u0111i theo t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 v\u00e0 t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn quy \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u00e0 khi ch\u1ea1m \u0111\u00edch th\u00ec \u0111\u1ea1n n\u1ed5 xuy\u00ean, ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c uy l\u1ef1c theo hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng l\u00f5m c\u1ee7a kh\u1ed1i thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5(1). K\u1ef9 s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u2013 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1eed l\u00ean x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 11\/1946 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea1n bazooka. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u2013 Th\u1ee9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng \u2013 c\u0169ng \u0111ang tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o anh em x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n bazooka. Sau khi ki\u1ec3m tra ph\u1ea7n c\u01a1 kh\u00ed, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee7ng lo\u1ea1i v\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea9y, thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f3ng, song l\u00fac n\u00e0y ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 nguy\u00ean li\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ngh\u0129a l\u1ea1i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c lo\u1ea1i thay th\u1ebf m\u00e0 ta \u0111ang c\u00f3\u201d. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, khi \u0111em b\u1eafn th\u1eed, \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. C\u00f9ng trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, th\u00e1ng 12\/1946, \u00f4ng L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ea1o \u2013 nguy\u00ean ph\u00f3 ty tr\u01b0\u1edfng Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Khu 4 c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 C\u1ee5c Qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi giao b\u1ea3n v\u1ebd thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n bazooka 60. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y m\u00f3c, c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y xe l\u1eeda Tr\u00e0ng Thi, nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 x\u01b0\u1edfng Giang Ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ed1ng xe t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c c\u00e0ng \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi b\u1ee9c thi\u1ebft h\u01a1n, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. T\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m s\u01a1 t\u00e1n \u1edf \u1ee8ng H\u00f2a (H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng c\u0169), \u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c. Ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1n Bazooka kh\u00f3 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ph\u1ea7n \u1ed1ng \u0111u\u00f4i, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f3ng. Lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i thu\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng kh\u00f3i, g\u1ed1c Nitr\u00f4xenlul\u00f4. Ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed3i l\u1eeda c\u00f3 nh\u1ed3i thu\u1ed1c \u0111en, khi ph\u00e1t h\u1ecfa th\u00ec thu\u1ed1c \u0111en b\u00f9ng ch\u00e1y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng cho \u0111em ra b\u1eafn th\u1eed \u2013 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00f9a H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u2013 m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c xa d\u00e2n v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y v\u00e1ch n\u00fai l\u00e0m bia. L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t, vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n lao ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f2ng bay \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f4 kh\u1ed1c! \u0110\u1ebfn xem x\u00e9t th\u00ec ra (1)\t Hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t minh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1864, \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai (1939-1945) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea1n l\u00f5m; t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nhanh ch\u00f3ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng t\u0103ng. 203","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi... ch\u01b0a th\u00e1o ch\u1ed1t an to\u00e0n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1eafn! L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai, vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00fat kh\u1ecfi n\u00f2ng. M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u1ed5 d\u1eef d\u1ed9i v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1 ch\u1ec9 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 th\u1ee7ng kho\u1ea3ng hai gang tay, \u0111\u1ed9 s\u00e2u kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3! L\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 ba, th\u00ec uy l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 g\u00ec h\u01a1n, thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 m\u00ealin\u00edt ch\u00e1y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ebft vung v\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e1m c\u1ecf xanh. T\u1ea1i sao l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? Bi\u1ebft bao c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi \u0111\u1eb7t ra trong \u0111\u1ea7u Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a. \u00d4ng l\u1ea1i suy ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. Theo \u00f4ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u baz\u00f4ka \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn: \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 l\u1edbn l\u00e0 do kh\u1ed1i thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh \u1edf th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5 h\u1ebft n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 l\u1edbn, lu\u1ed3ng xuy\u00ean m\u1ea1nh, nhi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9 cao; m\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i thu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5 m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5 h\u1ebft l\u00e0 do thu\u1ed1c g\u1ee3i n\u1ed5 \u1edf \u1ed1ng n\u1ed5 qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1n ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00fang li\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho b\u1eafn th\u1eed v\u1edbi \u1ed1ng n\u1ed5 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 nh\u1ed3i 50% fumin\u00e1t th\u1ee7y ng\u00e2n v\u00e0 50% axit picric. S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 2\/1947 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ghi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y b\u1eafn th\u1eed n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc \u1ee8ng H\u00f2a. Vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n h\u00f9ng d\u0169ng lao v\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi n\u00f2ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng n\u1ed5 kinh ho\u00e0ng, n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 toang t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch, s\u00e2u g\u1ea7n 20cm. \u1ede ch\u00ednh gi\u1eefa c\u00f3 l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh kho\u1ea3ng 10cm, s\u00e2u 0,75 cm. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng vui m\u1eebng \u0111\u1ebfn r\u01a1i n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. Ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, \u00f4ng b\u1eafn th\u1eed vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 so s\u00e1nh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i l\u1eeda, s\u1ee9c xuy\u00ean ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a ta. GS Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a L\u00fac n\u00e0y m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn H\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng N\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c ch\u1ecdc th\u1ee7ng, V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. ch\u00fang d\u00f9ng xe t\u0103ng, thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ra h\u01b0\u1edbng 204","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM ch\u00f9a Tr\u1ea7m tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ed1 6. Hai kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang v\u00e0 m\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n Bazooka \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cung c\u1ea5p cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a V\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1eeba V\u0169. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea5u di\u1ec5n ra ng\u00e0y 3\/3\/1947. Hai chi\u1ebfc xe t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb b\u1eafn ch\u00e1y, bu\u1ed9c gi\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui, m\u0169i t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed Bazooka c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a b\u1ebb g\u00e3y. Tin vui n\u00e0y l\u00e0m n\u1ee9c l\u00f2ng anh em qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. T\u00e0i li\u1ec7u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o Bazooka \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i t\u1eeb Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc cho \u0111\u1ebfn khu 5 \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t. Nh\u01b0ng bazooka v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 khi \u0111\u00e1nh ph\u00e1 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau kh\u00e1c. Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3n, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eadt SKZ. S\u00fang b\u1eafn theo nguy\u00ean l\u00fd h\u1ecfa ti\u1ec5n: thu\u1ed1c ch\u00e1y trong \u1ed1ng, ph\u1ee5t v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda sau, t\u1ea1o s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea9y vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1n bay v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00ec th\u1ebf c\u00e1c b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a s\u00fang ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n g\u1ecdn nh\u1eb9, l\u00e0m b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o l\u1eafp d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1948 d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o SKZ \u2013 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng r\u1eadp khu\u00f4n theo m\u1eabu kh\u00f4ng n\u00e0o c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n, m\u00e0 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c boongke v\u00e0 xe thi\u1ebft gi\u00e1p c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00fang kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eadt c\u1ee1 60mm. L\u1ea7n b\u1eafn th\u1eed ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 4\/1949 t\u1ea1i \u0110\u01a1n D\u01b0\u01a1ng (Tuy\u00ean Quang) \u0111\u1ea1t k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 r\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 quan. C\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. Trong L\u1ecbch s\u1eed qu\u00e2n gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cKi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong h\u1ec7 SKZ l\u00e0 SKZ 60 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebf th\u1eed lo\u1ea1t \u201cO\u201d \u1edf TD97 thu\u1ed9c Khu 10. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m lo\u1ea1t \u201cO\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ngay cho \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u0103m 1949. Sau \u0111\u00f3, SKZ \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u1ea3 Li\u00ean Khu 1 v\u00e0 Li\u00ean Khu 3. S\u00fang SKZ 60 ch\u1ec9 n\u1eb7ng 26kg, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u00e1o r\u1eddi d\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 mang v\u00e1c. \u0110\u1ea1n DKZ 60 (l\u00f5m) n\u1eb7ng 9kg, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng xuy\u00ean b\u00ea t\u00f4ng d\u1ea7y 60cm (g\u1ea5p ba l\u1ea7n bazooka 60), t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn th\u00f4ng d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb 50 \u0111\u1ebfn 100m\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i th\u00fa nh\u1eadn t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a v\u0169 kh\u00ed SKZ. Trong cu\u1ed1n \u201cChi\u1ebfn tranh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d, Lucien Bodard vi\u1ebft: \u201c\u2026 Nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 g\u00e2y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i, c\u00e1i th\u1ee9 xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng b\u00ea-t\u00f4ng d\u00e0y 60cm l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea1n SKZ 8kg m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o trong c\u00e1 hang n\u00fai\u2026 Ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n v\u00e0i qu\u1ea3 205","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t th\u00e1p canh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Nha nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n lo\u1ea1i s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00eam c\u00e1c c\u1ee1 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n (81mm, 120mm) \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn xa h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, khi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, SKZ 60 c\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 h\u01a1n c\u1ea3, b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i d\u1ec5 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, l\u1ea1i g\u00e2y thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i l\u1edbn cho \u0111\u1ecbch\u201d (trang 131-132). Ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng sau lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u00f4 c\u1ed1t gi\u1eb7c trong tr\u1eadn Ph\u1ed1 R\u00e0ng. Sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u00e1ng 4.1949 n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n thi\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfp, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 xuy\u00ean th\u1ee7ng b\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ea1ch \u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u1ed5 Tuy\u00ean Quang v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng k\u00ednh 0,5m v\u00e0 chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i 1m t\u1eeb c\u1ef1 ly 60m m\u1edf ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng to l\u1edbn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y xe b\u1ecdc th\u00e9p v\u00e0 boongke d\u00e0y c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c trong c\u00e1c tr\u1eadn ti\u1ebfp sau nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ed1 Lu, Ch\u00f9a D\u1ea7u, Komplong, Mang Giang\u2026 Sau \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1i bom bay. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i ta \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f3ng th\u1eed th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i bom bay, n\u1eb7ng 30kg, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau xa 4km. Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a th\u1eadt phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o SAM 2. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn v\u1edbi m\u1eabu m\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i bay B.52 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n hu\u00eanh hoang: \u201cb\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1edbi B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u01a1 t\u00e1n v\u00e0 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong l\u1edbn v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Sau n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cSau s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n V\u1ecbnh B\u00e1c b\u1ed9 (1964) t\u00f4i nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i. T\u00f4i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 tai h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c n\u00e9m bom l\u1edbn tr\u00ean c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 khu \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n trong chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam n\u0103m 1942, kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 t\u1eadp trung n\u00e9m bom n\u1ed5 v\u00e0 bom ch\u00e1y xu\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 c\u1ea3ng Hamburg c\u00f3 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam, h\u01a1n n\u1eeda tri\u1ec7u d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e9m bom g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n so v\u1edbi h\u1ed3i chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. D\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t l\u00e0 n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00ec s\u1ef1 hy sinh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n r\u1ea5t to l\u1edbn. V\u00e0 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u01a1 t\u00e1n d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00ec m\u1ec1m h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 th\u00f4 s\u01a1, ng\u1ee5y trang, nghi trang c\u0169ng d\u1ec5 h\u01a1n. T\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m, t\u00f4i 206","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u1ea5y r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 d\u00f9 M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u1ecdng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng bom \u0111\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m b\u1edbt s\u1ef1 hy sinh r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c chung c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng qu\u00fd nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng v\u1eabn l\u00e0 th\u1eddi trang tr\u1ebb. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng t\u00e2m s\u1ef1: \u201cTu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb th\u1eadt l\u00e0 qu\u00fd gi\u00e1. Khi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 khi ta kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t m\u00ecnh trong d\u00f2ng \u0111\u1eddi tr\u00f4i n\u1ed5i. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh gi\u00fap ta \u0111\u1ee9ng d\u1eady m\u1ed7i khi b\u1ecb s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh ph\u0169 ph\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1nh ng\u00e3. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb \u0111\u1ee7 d\u0169ng kh\u00ed v\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u00ean tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ebb loi, \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i t\u1edbi t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb khao kh\u00e1t t\u00ecnh y\u00eau v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, song khi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng, tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1ed1c to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng cho t\u00ecnh y\u00eau l\u1edbn\u201d. V\u00e2ng, ch\u00ednh cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u00e8o, m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i cha, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u1edd s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec \u00f4ng m\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh: tham gia v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc - k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o v\u0169 kh\u00ed trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1966, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc Li\u00ean X\u00f4. N\u0103m 1977, l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i qua nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 kh\u00e1c nhau. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Tr\u00e1i tim l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ng\u1eebng \u0111\u1eadp v\u00e0o l\u00fac 7 gi\u1edd 30 ph\u00fat s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 13.8.1997 t\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u01a1 ca ng\u1ee3i \u00f4ng Ngh\u0129a l\u1edbn g\u1ecdi v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc non, Bu\u1ed3n vui \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9c vu\u00f4ng tr\u00f2n. R\u00e8n t\u00e0i v\u0103n v\u00f5 th\u1eddi phi\u00eau b\u1ea1t, G\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c giang san thu\u1edf m\u1ea5t c\u00f2n. T\u00ecnh n\u1eb7ng, \u1ea5y ch\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, Nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1eddi, h\u00e1 k\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0ng son. G\u1ed1c th\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng d\u1ea7u m\u01b0a n\u1eafng, \u0110\u1ec3 gi\u00f3 l\u00e0nh reo ng\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc non. 207","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM L\u00ca V\u0102N THI\u00caM Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u201cC\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 ho\u1eb7c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng\u201d (Laurent Schwartz - Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p); \u201cGi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 c\u1ee7a l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, m\u1edf Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c (1918-1991) nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o v\u1ec1 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh c\u1ea3 \u1edf ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3i c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n v\u1eadt l\u00fd. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 30 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 2 s\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u00f3 t\u00edn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4, M\u1ef9, Anh, Cana\u0111a, Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n, \u0110\u1ee9c, Ba Lan...\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef t\u00f4n vinh c\u1ee7a t\u1eadp th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng Khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. 208","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM N\u1ebfu gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u00ec L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p (1948) v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 to\u00e1n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (\u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Zurich, Th\u1ee5y S\u0129, 1949). M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1eed h\u1ecfi trong sinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u201ckh\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d kh\u00f4ng? Xin h\u00e3y nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi k\u1ec3 ch\u00e2n th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 V\u00f5 Th\u1ecb L\u1ec7 H\u1ed3ng - b\u00e1c s\u0129 b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Y h\u1ecdc D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh - n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed3ng m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e9t kh\u00e1 th\u00fa v\u1ecb v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng: \u201cGi\u00e1o s\u01b0 h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang \u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, hi\u1ec1n h\u00f2a, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4i t\u1ef1 do lo li\u1ec7u. Su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng suy ngh\u0129 vi\u1ebft l\u00e1ch. V\u00e0... \u0111\u00e3ng tr\u00ed. M\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n y t\u00e1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i t\u1edbi nh\u00e0 ho\u00e0i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u1ea5y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng nh\u1edb t\u00ean, nh\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110i l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n x\u00e1ch lu\u00f4n c\u1ea3 ca-t\u00e1p c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1ch \u0111i. H\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed5i. L\u00fac t\u00f4i sinh con \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00f4ng m\u1eebng qu\u00e1 nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec, mua m\u1ed9t b\u00f3 hoa to t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1i th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n ai c\u0169ng thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 ch\u01a1i hoa nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o: \u1ed4ng \u201cT\u00e2y\u201d qu\u00e1. Nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0103n m\u1eb7c c\u0169ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u01b0\u1edbi nhau cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac m\u1ea5t, to\u00e0n do t\u00f4i may g\u00ec m\u1eb7c n\u1ea5y. \u0110\u1ed3 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i treo s\u1eb5n, n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i qu\u00ean chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y m\u1eb7c l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eb7c c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft. Kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau pha, \u0103n qu\u00e1n, \u0103n ti\u1ec7m bao gi\u1edd. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n th\u1ea5y t\u00f4i \u0111i ch\u1ee3 tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o nh\u01b0 v\u1eady m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gi\u1edd l\u1eafm. M\u1ed9t gi\u1edd l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bao nhi\u00eau vi\u1ec7c h\u1eefu \u00edch... \u00d4ng y\u00eau con l\u1eafm, c\u00f3 l\u00fac ng\u00e2m th\u01a1 ru con ng\u1ee7. Con t\u00f4i g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 thu\u1ed9c h\u1ebft th\u01a1 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu l\u00e0 nh\u1edd cha. \u00d4ng y\u00eau th\u01a1, b\u01a1i l\u1ed9i, \u0111\u00e1nh b\u00f3ng b\u00e0n r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi. Nh\u01b0ng khi l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u00ec \u00f4ng qu\u00ean h\u1ebft xung quanh. C\u00f3 h\u00f4m c\u01a1m d\u1ecdn s\u1eb5n, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00ean m\u1eddi c\u1ea3 ch\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi, c\u1ee9 c\u1eafm c\u00fai vi\u1ebft. B\u1ed7ng \u00f4ng \u201ch\u1ea3\u201d m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh l\u00e0m t\u00f4i h\u1ebft h\u1ed3n. H\u00f3a ra l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e2u c\u00f3 nghe... Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ea3o \u00f4ng \u0111i n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i nh\u01b0 \u0111i ch\u1ee3, nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c th\u00ec s\u1eafm \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 r\u1ed3i. V\u1eady m\u00e0 \u00f4ng d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 ch\u1eb3ng c\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 g\u00ec th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i. Ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111i xe h\u01a1i, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111i m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p t\u00f2ng t\u1ecdc m\u00e3i t\u1edbi sau gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00f4i b\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 400 \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n, kho\u1ea3ng 1972-1973 g\u00ec \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111i Canada, ki\u1ec1u b\u00e0o \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u1ea3 x\u01b0\u1edfng in, m\u00e1y m\u00f3c 209","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM v\u00e0 ti\u1ec1n, v\u1ec1 t\u1edbi nh\u00e0, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfm t\u1eebng lo\u1ea1i, l\u00e0m bi\u00ean b\u1ea3n n\u1ed9p B\u1ed9 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. C\u00f3 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 la \u00f4ng sao kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau h\u1ebft m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 (v\u00ec \u0111em v\u1ec1 c\u0169ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1ea3o \u201cti\u00eau g\u00ec h\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00f4i tr\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y t\u1edd \u0111\u00f4 la mu\u1ed1n gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u01a1i, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111em n\u1ed9p h\u1ebft. \u0110\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c trong s\u00e1ng\u201d (B\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 15\/3\/1998). B\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ng\u1ecdc H\u1ea3i \u00edt nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00fap ta hi\u1ec3u c\u00e1 t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam. V\u00e0o n\u0103m 1918, t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Trung L\u1ec5, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) c\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Nhi\u1ec5u. Sau khi sinh ng\u01b0\u1eddi con th\u1ee9 m\u01b0\u1eddi, h\u1ecd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u00fat, xem nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng sinh n\u1edf n\u1eefa. N\u00e0o ng\u1edd, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u00eam m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a con, ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean \u00fat n\u1eefa sao? Th\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0nh \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean Th\u00eam - \u0111\u1ebb th\u00eam - v\u1eady. N\u0103m 11 tu\u1ed5i, Th\u00eam m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i m\u1eb9, ph\u1ea3i theo anh v\u00e0o Qui Nh\u01a1n \u0103n h\u1ecdc. Anh t\u00ean L\u00ea V\u0103n K\u1ef7, t\u1eebng \u0111\u1eadu ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 trong khoa thi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n v\u00e0 s\u1ed1ng b\u1eb1ng ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 c\u01b0u mang, nu\u00f4i em m\u00ecnh \u0103n h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i. Khi \u0111i h\u1ecdc ti\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc, Th\u00eam \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ean th\u00e0nh Thi\u00eam, h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu b\u1ea9m sinh \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ee7a l\u1edbp cao h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Thi\u00eam gi\u1ea3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng - kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng t\u00ecm ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i m\u00e0 Thi\u00eam c\u00f2n ngh\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau. Ng\u00e0y t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Coll\u00e8ge de Quy Nh\u01a1n, th\u1ea7y hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Casimir Michel \u0111\u00e3 khen ng\u1ee3i: \u201cAnh s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn xa h\u01a1n t\u00f4i\u201d. L\u1eddi ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Theo Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 C\u01a1 h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1o: \u201cNguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng l\u00fac n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Tuy nhi\u00ean, khi \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 Y khoa v\u00e0 Lu\u1eadt khoa, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u1eed nh\u00e2n To\u00e1n, n\u00ean n\u0103m 1938, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u00e0nh ph\u1ea3i ghi t\u00ean theo h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp L\u00fd - Ho\u00e1 - Sinh (PCB) \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0nh Y. N\u0103m sau (1939) v\u1edbi th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111\u1ed7 th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec k\u1ef3 thi PCB, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5ng sang Ph\u00e1p du h\u1ecdc... \u0110\u1ebfn Paris, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam xin v\u00e0o Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m Paris (\u00c9cole Normale Sup\u00e9rieure de Paris), m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i n\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. Tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vinh d\u1ef1 to l\u1edbn v\u00e0 ni\u1ec1m \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i. \u01af\u1edbc 210","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u01a1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c theo \u0111u\u1ed5i ng\u00e0nh To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1ea5p \u1ee7 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u nay \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eafp c\u00e1nh. N\u0103m 1939, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ed5i b\u00f9ng ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u00e0 th\u00f4n t\u00ednh lu\u00f4n n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1941, anh m\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng. Sau 1 n\u0103m, anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed7 C\u1eed nh\u00e2n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thay v\u00ec ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc 3 n\u0103m nh\u01b0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Anh sang \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, anh \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc lu\u1eadn \u00e1n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 A To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc (1945). Anh \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 B To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc th\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qua \u0111\u1eddi, th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb - x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111ang r\u1ea5t r\u1ed1i ren, n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea3m b\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed3ng minh, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111ang quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Nevanlina \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 may m\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0y \u2013 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nevanlina, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ph\u1ea7n Lan, \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i cho m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u201cB\u00e0i to\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft Nevanlina\u201d. C\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quan t\u00e2m v\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u00f3, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n v\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1eb7t ra. Trong nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n n\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 v\u00e0 nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng 211","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc\u201d. N\u1ebfu \u1edf m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00e1c, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n y\u00ean t\u00e2m v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc \u2013 nh\u01b0ng v\u1edbi L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u00e0ng trai th\u00f4ng minh, hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y. Khi tuy\u1ebft r\u01a1i tr\u1eafng x\u00f3a tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u00ec l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi To\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 \u0111\u00e3 vang v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam: \u201cB\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0, ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb, kh\u00f4ng chia t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, h\u1ec5 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, c\u1ee9u T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ai c\u00f3 s\u00fang d\u00f9ng s\u00fang, ai c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m d\u00f9ng g\u01b0\u01a1m, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m th\u00ec d\u00f9ng cu\u1ed1c, thu\u1ed5ng, g\u1eady g\u1ed9c, ai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ra s\u1ee9c ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc...\u201d T\u1eeb l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam b\u1ecf t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi quy\u1ebfn r\u0169 v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec3 v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110i m\u00e1y bay v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn Bangkok, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 b\u01b0ng bi\u1ec1n \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p M\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Zurich nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf S\u1edf gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c Nam B\u1ed9. T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5\/1950, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc nh\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng tr\u00e1ch l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng Khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 l\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c kh\u00e1c, L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi. Nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i th\u1ea7y m\u00ecnh trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 - Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Cang k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Bi\u00ean Gi\u1edbi (1950) \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o, ngo\u00e0i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00f4ng Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam (gi\u1eefa) D\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0 nua c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Chi\u1ebfn khu n\u0103m 1948 Ph\u00e1p. Ngay sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch 212","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM n\u00e0y, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc sau ng\u00e0y chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. M\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u1ea1i ba l\u00f4 tr\u00ean vai, \u0111i b\u1ed9, b\u0103ng r\u1eebng d\u1ecdc theo chi\u1ec1u d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ra B\u1eafc cho k\u1ecbp ng\u00e0y khai gi\u1ea3ng l\u1edbp \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a m\u1edf \u1edf chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc. \u1ede th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 50, \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ta c\u00f2n \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi qua b\u1eadc c\u1eed nh\u00e2n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf, v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau. Nh\u01b0ng bao gi\u1edd gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 c\u0169ng vui v\u1ebb v\u00e0 c\u00f3 l\u00fac r\u1ea5t th\u1eadt th\u00e0 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn v\u1edbi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cC\u00e1i n\u00e0y m\u00ecnh v\u1eeba h\u1ecdc v\u1eeba d\u1ea1y\u201d. C\u00f2n \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n L\u00e2m nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cH\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh kh\u00f3 phai m\u1edd v\u1ec1 th\u1ea7y Thi\u00eam l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y, t\u00ednh hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0nh, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho sinh vi\u00ean... C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1eed ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9c m\u1ea1c, l\u1eddi n\u00f3i b\u00ecnh d\u1ecb, h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 l\u00fac n\u00e0o th\u1ea7y c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 mong mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111em hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng\u201d. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam v\u1ec1 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ph\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u00e0m ph\u00e2n h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u2013 th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 giao th\u00f4ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn. B\u1edfi theo \u00f4ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng, \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n: \u201cNg\u00e0nh to\u00e1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u trong cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. \u00d4ng H\u00e0 Huy Kho\u00e1i nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1966, khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u1edf th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u00e1c li\u1ec7t nh\u1ea5t. C\u00e1c tr\u1ee5c giao th\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ed9, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. K\u00eanh nh\u00e0 L\u00ea (con k\u00eanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1eeb th\u1eddi nh\u00e0 L\u00ea, ch\u1ea1y g\u1ea7n song song v\u1edbi Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ed9 1) \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 chuy\u00ean ch\u1edf h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a, v\u0169 kh\u00ed. L\u00f2ng k\u00eanh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 d\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ea1o v\u00e9t d\u01b0\u1edbi bom \u0111\u1ea1n su\u1ed1t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00eam. GS L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 d\u00f9ng m\u00ecn n\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi l\u00f2ng k\u00eanh, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed 213","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM sao cho h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1 sau khi n\u1ed5 r\u01a1i l\u00ean b\u1edd k\u00eanh, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u01a1i l\u1ea1i xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng k\u00eanh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean 30 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u to\u00e1n, l\u00fd \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam c\u00f2n bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh cho sinh vi\u00ean. C\u00e1c th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m n\u00ean s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p, nh\u01b0ng khi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn \u00f4ng th\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e0y t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 k\u00ednh m\u1ebfn - c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn GS Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n \u0110\u1ea1o, NGND Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Tr\u00ed, GS Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1eeba H\u1ee3p, TS Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Thao, GS-TS Ho\u00e0ng H\u1eefu \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng, TS Ng\u00f4 V\u0103n L\u01b0\u1ee3c, TS H\u00e0 Huy Kho\u00e1i, TS \u0110\u00e0o Tr\u1ecdng Thi, TS Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Nhung, nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0110\u00e0m L\u00ea \u0110\u1ee9c v.v... T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1969 khi \u0111ang gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7u ph\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ki\u00eam ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m khoa To\u00e1n th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f3a II v\u00e0 III, l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nguy\u00ean t\u1eed \u0110\u00fapna-Li\u00ean X\u00f4. D\u00f9 t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam r\u1ea5t \u00edt n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh. Ngay c\u1ea3 v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cTh\u1eadt ra khi th\u00e0nh v\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ee9c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng khoe v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c, th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u. H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft h\u1ebft gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft qua b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 qua s\u1ef1 qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o t\u1eeb B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 cho t\u1edbi b\u00e1c Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng, \u0110\u1ed7 M\u01b0\u1eddi... C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ec1u qu\u00fd tr\u1ecdng \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0 Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u, T\u1ea1 Gia \u0111\u00ecnh nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam Quang B\u1eedu, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ea1i Ngh\u0129a, Tr\u1ea7n Th\u00e0nh Trai 214","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM v.v...\u201d B\u00e0 vui v\u1ebb cho bi\u1ebft th\u00eam: \u201cCh\u00ednh Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e0u gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i m\u1edbi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef h\u1ed9 sinh t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra B\u1eafc, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf H\u00f2n Gai. \u0110\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00f3 \u00f4ng H\u00e0 Huy Gi\u00e1p l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 h\u00f4n\u201d. Sau n\u0103m 1975, v\u1ee3 \u00f4ng v\u00e0o Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1eefa tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh suy\u1ec5n, c\u00f2n \u00f4ng th\u00ec m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1980 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o. Kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c t\u00e0i n\u0103ng \u1ea5y v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i, v\u1eabn mi\u1ec7t m\u00e0i lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. V\u1ee3 \u00f4ng k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i d\u00ed d\u1ecfm: \u201cV\u00e0o th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u1ec7nh \u201c\u0111\u00e3ng tr\u00ed b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc\u201d, tr\u00e1i c\u00e2y nhi\u1ec1u, c\u1eaft g\u1ecdt s\u1eb5n m\u00e0 qu\u00ean \u0111\u01b0a th\u00ec \u00f4ng qu\u00ean \u0103n. Tr\u00ean b\u00e0n v\u1eabn gi\u1ea5y t\u1edd l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n. C\u00f3 h\u00f4m t\u00f4i d\u1ecdn d\u1eb9p r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 sai ch\u1ed7, \u00f4ng la d\u1eef\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i kh\u1ed1i \u00f3c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n ng\u01b0ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 3\/7\/1991. Qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn \u00f4ng, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 20\/11 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u0169 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u00e0 th\u1eafp h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u00f4ng. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 - Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201cNh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam, m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y trung th\u1ef1c, t\u1eadn t\u1ee5y v\u00e0 gi\u00e0u l\u00f2ng nh\u00e2n \u00e1i, \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c cho khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. GS \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t ch\u00fang ta, song t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n trong s\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y, t\u1eeb vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ec1n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi trong l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c... cho \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh th\u1ee7y \u0111i\u1ec7n H\u00f2a B\u00ecnh, quy ho\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long v.v... - Th\u1ea7y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong \u0111\u1ee3t \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp h\u1ea1ng Nh\u1ea5t. Hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t cho gi\u1ea3i to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 215","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM L\u01af\u01a0NG \u0110\u1ecaNH C\u1ee6A Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u1edbi Hi\u1ec7n nay, b\u00e0 con n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n v\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1eabn nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean nh\u01b0: gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a, gi\u1ed1ng d\u01b0a kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a, gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e0 chua \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a, gi\u1ed1ng khoai lang \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a v\u1edbi t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 s\u1ef1 tr\u00ecu m\u1ebfn th\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1eady \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a l\u00e0 ai? \u0110\u00f3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng, g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt trong n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean Nh\u00e0 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edbi. (1920-1975) \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 16\/8\/1920 t\u1ea1i x\u00e3 \u0110\u1ea1i Ng\u00e3i, huy\u1ec7n Long Ph\u00fa (S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng) trong ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 n\u1eb1m k\u1ebf b\u00ean ng\u00e3 ba v\u00e0m K\u1ebf S\u00e1ch v\u00e0 r\u1ea1ch M\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110i\u1ec1u ch\u1ea3y qua d\u00f2ng H\u1eadu Th\u1ea1nh xanh bi\u1ebfc. D\u00f9 th\u00e2n sinh L\u01b0\u01a1ng An H\u00f9ng, th\u00e2n m\u1eabu Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u1ecb C\u00f3 m\u1ea5t l\u00fac \u00f4ng m\u1edbi 12 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0103n h\u1ecdc chu \u0111\u00e1o. Em g\u00e1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 b\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u1ecb B\u1ea1ch Li\u00ean n\u00f3i: \u201cD\u00f2ng h\u1ecd t\u00f4i v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng l\u00e0 \u0103n \u1edf qu\u00e2y qu\u1ea7n v\u1edbi nhau, tr\u00f4ng nom \u0111\u00f9m b\u1ecdc l\u1eabn nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t trong d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n chung c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh. V\u00ec v\u1eady, khi ba m\u00e1 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i m\u1ea5t s\u1edbm, \u00f4ng b\u00e1c t\u00f4i c\u00f3 tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m cung c\u1ea5p ti\u1ec1n cho c\u00e1c ch\u00e1u \u0103n h\u1ecdc\u201d. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00f2ng Tabert, sau 216","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM khi thi \u0111\u1eadu S\u01a1 \u0111\u1eb3ng y\u1ebfu l\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec l\u00ean S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u0169ng theo h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Tabert t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eadu t\u00fa t\u00e0i to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n n\u0103m 1937. M\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3y tu\u1ed5i, \u00f4ng sang H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng thi v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Y khoa \u0111\u1eadu th\u1ee9 h\u1ea1ng 2. H\u1ecdc h\u1ebft n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba, \u00f4ng sang Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Kinh t\u1ebf. N\u0103m 1941 v\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra n\u00ean vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n. Hai n\u0103m sau, 1943, \u00f4ng sang Nh\u1eadt thi v\u00e0o khoa sinh v\u1eadt th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m (tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c l\u1eadp Kyushu) v\u00e0 do \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111i\u1ec3m cao nh\u1ea5t n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn ngay v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc n\u0103m th\u1ee9 ba. N\u0103m 1945, t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh v\u1edbi c\u00f4 sinh vi\u00ean \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc n\u1eef c\u00f4ng l\u00e0 Nobuko Nakamura. Sau \u0111\u00f3 v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng l\u00ean Tokyo. \u00d4ng theo h\u1ecdc khoa di truy\u1ec1n ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 n\u0103m 1951 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1c s\u0129 N\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng cho s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a l\u00e0 k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Minh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng (Nh\u1eadt ho\u00e0ng Mutsu Hito) \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 96 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u1ecdc v\u1ecb n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt. Do \u0111\u00f3, sau khi t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Tokyo. D\u00f9 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb, danh v\u1ecdng, v\u1ee3 \u0111\u1eb9p con ngoan nh\u01b0ng l\u00f2ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn lu\u00f4n h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u00f4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1ec1 c\u1ee5 H\u1ed3 l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 b\u00e1c s\u0129 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef. N\u0103m 1952, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Bangkok (Th\u00e1i Lan), c\u00f2n v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 qua con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng. Khi v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n th\u00ec ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p m\u1eddi \u00f4ng ra l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. Vi\u1ec7n c\u1edb ch\u01b0a n\u1eafm b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00ean \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eadn l\u00e0m h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ed3ng \u1edf B\u1ed9 Canh n\u00f4ng. V\u1ee3 \u00f4ng nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cT\u1eeb ng\u00e0y v\u1ec1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1954 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7y \u01b0u t\u01b0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng t\u00f4i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, nh\u00e0 t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi c\u01a1 s\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng\u201d. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0a gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1 r\u1ed3i xu\u1ed1ng Ph\u1ee5ng Hi\u1ec7p \u2013 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn \u2013 do \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng t\u1eadp k\u1ebft ra B\u1eafc. V\u1ee3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t thanh ti\u1ebfng Nh\u1eadt tr\u00ean \u0110\u00e0i ph\u00e1t thanh ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng gian kh\u1ed5 n\u00e0y. Ra B\u1eafc, 1955 \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c \u1edf T\u1ed5 l\u00faa tr\u1ea1i Quang Trung (thu\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7n kh\u1ea3o c\u1ee9u n\u00f4ng l\u00e2m). Tr\u1edb tr\u00eau thay, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1edfng 217","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9\u2026 trung c\u1ea5p! D\u00f9 v\u1eady, v\u1ed1n t\u00ednh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, \u00edt n\u00f3i, \u00f4ng l\u1eb7ng l\u1ebd ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean. N\u0103m 1956, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng l\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 khai gi\u1ea3ng kh\u00f3a I, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u v\u1ec1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m ph\u00f3 hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m \u1edf ng\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n, m\u1ed9t anh c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n vi ph\u1ea1m n\u1ed9i quy c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c, \u00f4ng g\u1eb7p, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch cho anh ta r\u00f5 nh\u1eefng tai h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra v\u00e0 thi h\u00e0nh k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt ngay! Anh n\u00e0y th\u1ea5m th\u00eda v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa l\u1ed7i l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec ngay cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean: - Anh ta v\u1eeba m\u1edbi b\u1ecb k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng nay sao l\u1ea1i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng? Anh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi k\u1ef7 c\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea5y \u00e0? \u00d4ng nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7y thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c: - T\u00f4i k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 anh \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng m\u1eafc sai l\u1ea7m l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa v\u00e0 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec3 r\u0103n ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00f9 d\u1eadp ai c\u1ea3. Nay anh ta \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9, c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1eadc l\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i t\u0103ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p t\u00ecnh h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u1eady. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1962 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1967, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ph\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ed7 ng\u1ed3i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0n gi\u1ea5y trong Vi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 con n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian gi\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e9m bom b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u00f4ng T\u00edn \u0111i c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c t\u1eeb H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 Thanh H\u00f3a, su\u1ed1t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda, nh\u00ecn qua c\u1eeda s\u1ed5, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: - \u0110\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1edd v\u00f9ng b\u1edd th\u1eeda, ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y l\u00e0m sao th\u00e2m canh, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, t\u0103ng v\u1ee5? C\u00e1i kh\u00f3 l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u1edf ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0y, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m ra c\u00e2y l\u00faa lai t\u1ed1t ho\u1eb7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c b\u00f3n ph\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2u! Khi \u0111\u1ebfn huy\u1ec7n \u1ee7y Th\u1ecd Xu\u00e2n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c b\u1edd v\u00f9ng, b\u1edd th\u1eeda. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, kh\u1eafp huy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ecdc l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u: - Ru\u1ed9ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1edd th\u1eeda, b\u1edd v\u00f9ng Kh\u00e1c g\u00ec \u0111\u1ed5 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o th\u00f9ng l\u1ee7ng tr\u00f4n 218","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Ng\u00e0y nay c\u00f3 ai \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1eeda ru\u1ed9ng vu\u00f4ng v\u1eafn, c\u1ea5y th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng, l\u00faa n\u1eb7ng b\u00f4ng\u2026 ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1p xe ung dung ph\u00f3ng qua nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u00f2 bay th\u1eb3ng c\u00e1nh, tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u1edd v\u00f9ng, b\u1edd th\u1eeda v\u1ea1ch ngang d\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 b\u00e0n c\u1edd th\u00ec \u0111\u1eebng qu\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi quy ho\u1ea1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cTrong k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt tr\u1ed3ng l\u00faa n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1edd v\u00f9ng ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, b\u1edd th\u1eeda th\u00edch \u0111\u00e1ng, m\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u01b0\u1edbi, m\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u00eau h\u1ee3p l\u00fd l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00e2m canh, t\u0103ng n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u01b0u th\u00f4ng, v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n ph\u00e2n b\u00f3n ra \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a s\u1ea3n ph\u1ea9m n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u1ec1 th\u00f4n x\u00f3m\u201d. Ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh qua th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t h\u01a1n 5 t\u1ea5n th\u00f3c m\u1ed9t h\u00e9cta c\u1ea3 n\u0103m tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n t\u00edch r\u1ed9ng trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn c\u1ea7n n\u1eafm v\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u trong s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u1ee7a: th\u00f3c gi\u1ed1ng, ru\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1, ru\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7y, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea5p, ch\u0103m b\u00f3n\u201d. Tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 11\/12\/1966 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a ra k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y l\u00faa \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng c\u00f9ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a \u0111i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nh\u00ecn th\u1ee3 c\u1ea5y, \u00f4ng Ph\u1ea1m H\u00f9ng h\u1ecfi vui: - C\u00e1c c\u00f4 c\u1ea5y theo ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ng\u1eeda tay, th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1eb9p th\u1ebf? C\u00e1c th\u00f4n n\u1eef kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quan ch\u1ee9c \u0111i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a c\u0169ng \u0111\u00f9a l\u1ea1i: - C\u00e1c ch\u00fa c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean b\u1edd th\u00ec bao gi\u1edd bi\u1ebft c\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? C\u1ee9 l\u1ed9i xu\u1ed1ng b\u00f9n th\u00ec em s\u1ebd b\u00e0y cho c\u00e1ch c\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a! Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a c\u0169ng vui t\u00ednh kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m, li\u1ec1n x\u1eafn qu\u1ea7n b\u1ecf d\u00e9p xu\u1ed1ng ru\u1ed9ng tho\u0103n tho\u1eaft c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u00f4 c\u1ea5y l\u00faa. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ng\u1eeda tay c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u1ea5y l\u00faa v\u1eeba th\u1eb3ng h\u00e0ng v\u1eeba nhanh khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c c\u00f4 ph\u1ee5c l\u0103n: - \u00d4i! Ch\u00fa n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng C\u1ee7a r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ea5y! K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ec1u trong \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ea5y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn: c\u1ea5y ng\u1eeda tay \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e2y l\u00faa kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb ng\u1eadp qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u xu\u1ed1ng b\u00f9n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o (b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 29\/8\/1985). \u0110\u00f3ng g\u00f3p l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a cho n\u1ec1n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 219","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u201c\u0111\u1ebb\u201d ra gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa lai t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean: \u201cgi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p I\u201d. Gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ea1o ra b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lai gi\u1eefa gi\u1ed1ng Ba Th\u1eafc (Nam b\u1ed9) v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng Bun-k\u00f4 (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n). D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a hai gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng t\u1eadp giao, gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t huy \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh t\u1ed1t, lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh x\u1ea5u t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u1edbi: ng\u1eafn ng\u00e0y, thu ho\u1ea1ch nhanh, c\u1ee9ng c\u00e2y, b\u00f4ng to, nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t cao, ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i ngon c\u01a1m. H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng khoa h\u1ecdc B\u1ed9 n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn v\u00e0 cho ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p I t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. N\u0103ng su\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1t tr\u00ean 3 t\u1ea5n\/hecta - g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh lu\u00e2n canh, lu\u00e2n v\u1ee5. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa m\u00f9a mu\u1ed9n v\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa chi\u00eam m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u0110o\u00e0n K\u1ebft v\u00e0 Th\u1eafng L\u1ee3i. Nh\u01b0ng hai gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lao v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m \u2013 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lai gi\u1ed1ng gi\u1eefa \u0110o\u00e0n K\u1ebft v\u00e0 S\u00e0i \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng \u2013 \u0111\u1ec3 cho ra gi\u1ed1ng chi\u00eam 314. Gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa n\u00e0y ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2u, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 2 t\u1ea5n r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ebfn 3 t\u1ea5n\/hecta \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1968 v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n nay v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. Th\u1eddi gian t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1968 tr\u1edf \u0111i, gi\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 leo thang b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc r\u1ea5t \u00e1c li\u1ec7t, nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea5y h\u00e1i v\u00e0o ban \u0111\u00eam t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng \u00e1nh ph\u00e1o s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u g\u1eb7p r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean, L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i v\u00e0 \u201cg\u1eb7m nh\u1ea5m\u201d vinh quang c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai phi\u1ec1n tr\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn lao v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o v\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. V\u00e0o nh\u1eefng n\u0103m cu\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 60, t\u1eeb gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa IR8 (hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 8) \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh 1.000 d\u00f2ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn ra d\u00f2ng 388. D\u00f2ng l\u00faa 388 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ed3ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i, n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 6 t\u1ea5n\/ hecta \u2013 g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u0103ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00faa h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u t\u1ea5n\/n\u0103m. R\u1ed3i \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 v\u1edbi gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa xu\u00e2n s\u1edbm ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u00e9t c\u1eaft da, c\u1eaft th\u1ecbt \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean l\u00e0 N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p 75-1 v\u1edbi n\u0103ng su\u1ea5t t\u1eeb 3 t\u1ea5n r\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111\u1ebfn 4 t\u1ea5n r\u01b0\u1ee1i\/hecta, v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc theo quy \u0111\u1ecbnh hi\u1ec7n h\u00e0nh. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ed1ng, lai gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ecf trong vi\u1ec7c l\u1ef1a 220","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM gi\u1ed1ng, lai t\u1ea1o gi\u1ed1ng cho nhi\u1ec1u lo\u1ea1i c\u00e2y tr\u1ed3ng n\u1eefa. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ed1ng d\u01b0a h\u1ea5u kh\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t, c\u00e0 chua, khoai lang, d\u01b0a l\u00ea v.v\u2026 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u1ea3 tri th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c v\u1ec1 t\u1ebf b\u00e0o h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u1eed l\u00fd \u0111a b\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 v\u1edbi rau mu\u1ed1ng. \u1ede mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc rau mu\u1ed1ng nh\u1ecf b\u00e9 nh\u01b0 ng\u00f3n tay, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 lai t\u1ea1o ra lo\u1ea1i rau mu\u1ed1ng t\u1ee9 b\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u1ecdng to, l\u00e1 to! Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1968, trong \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i anh h\u00f9ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 thi \u0111ua ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9, c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 \u201c\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m\u201d. T\u1eeb gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1967 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 28\/12\/1975 (ng\u00e0y m\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng) L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n c\u00e2y l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng khen c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 N\u00f4ng l\u00e2m r\u1ed3i danh hi\u1ec7u Chi\u1ebfn s\u0129 thi \u0111ua, hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t, h\u1ea1ng nh\u00ec, Anh h\u00f9ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng v.v\u2026 \u0110\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean d\u01b0\u01a1ng, ca ng\u1ee3i m\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y s\u1ee5c ch\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng b\u00f9n, \u0111\u1ed5 m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f9ng b\u00e0 con n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. Ngo\u00e0i nh\u1eefng c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho khoa h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc N\u00f4ng l\u00e2m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng, xin tr\u00edch nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 V\u0169 Tuy\u00ean Ho\u00e0ng - b\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n D\u00e2n s\u1ed1 29\/8\/1985 \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng v\u0103n th\u1ee7 th\u1ec9, t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ch\u1ee9a chan t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m: \u201cB\u00e1c C\u1ee7a \u2013 ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi y\u00eau m\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng tha thi\u1ebft y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n lao \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng ru\u1ed9ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ea7u, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho Khoa h\u1ecdc - K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y nay. Danh hi\u1ec7u Anh h\u00f9ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc phong v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1966 \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng lao \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. T\u00ednh \u00f4ng \u00edt n\u00f3i, th\u01b0\u1eddng suy t\u01b0 tr\u1ea7m l\u1eb7ng, \u01b0a c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0 x\u00e1c th\u1ef1c trong nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u00fd ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c, \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh cao g\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c C\u1ee7a, x\u1eafn qu\u1ea7n l\u1ed9i ru\u1ed9ng, kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ea3n n\u1eafng m\u01b0a, th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng v\u00e0 gia \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng thanh b\u1ea1ch nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i: t\u1ec9nh Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00e0 n\u01a1i \u00f4ng 221","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i l\u00e2u nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u01b0a th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m gi\u1ed1ng l\u00faa chi\u00eam Tr\u0103ng - c\u00e1i t\u00ean \u0111\u1eb9p m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi. \u1ede \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e1c C\u1ee7a \u0111i th\u0103m s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t \u1edf c\u00e1c h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c x\u00e3 b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u0169, qua nhi\u1ec1u qu\u00e3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y ch\u1ee5c c\u00e2y s\u1ed1 l\u1ea7y l\u1ed9i\u2026\u201d. N\u0103m 1975, ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn gi\u00f2n gi\u00e3 \u1edf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng mi\u1ec1n Nam \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra trong t\u00e2m t\u01b0\u1edfng \u00f4ng bi\u1ebft bao hy v\u1ecdng, \u00f4ng h\u0103m h\u1edf tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 b\u1eb1ng chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n c\u1ee7a \u00d4ng b\u00e0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u00d4ng d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ee5c h\u1ed3i s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long, d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t qua \u0111\u1eddi. Sau m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh (29\/12\/1975) truy t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1ng nh\u1ea5t, r\u1ed3i \u0111\u00fang 16 n\u0103m sau \u1edf S\u00f3c Tr\u0103ng c\u00f3 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecdc c\u1ea5p II, III vinh d\u1ef1 mang t\u00ean L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a. C\u00f2n nh\u1edb, khi \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 k\u00fd b\u1eb1ng Anh h\u00f9ng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng ng\u00e0y 1\/1\/1967 (s\u1ed5 v\u00e0ng s\u1ed1 104\/SV) th\u00ec gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Thi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng b\u1ed1n c\u00e2u th\u01a1 trong b\u00e0i T\u00e2n lang th\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00f4ng: Tr\u1ef1c c\u00e1n \u0111inh \u0111inh b\u1ea5t th\u1ee5 \u0111i\u1ec1u, Dao phong b\u1ed5ng nh\u1eadt t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u00f4 li\u00eau. C\u00f9ng phong t\u1ef1 h\u1eefu l\u0103ng s\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebft, Thi\u00ean nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0n t\u00f9ng t\u00e1c h\u1eadu \u0111i\u00eau. D\u1ecbch: Nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n c\u00e2y th\u1eb3ng t\u1eafp, kh\u00f4ng \u0111eo theo c\u00e0nh non 222","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn d\u00e1ng d\u1ea5p c\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u00f3 lay b\u01b0ng m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi Su\u1ed1t m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebft c\u1ee9ng cao ng\u1ea1o v\u1edbi s\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e1 Ch\u1ec9 ch\u1ecbu k\u00e9m c\u00e2y t\u00f9ng ch\u1ecbu r\u00e9t t\u00e0n t\u1ea1 sau c\u00f9ng. V\u00e2ng, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh T\u00e2n lang th\u1ee5 (c\u00e2y cau) \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00ed v\u1edbi b\u00e1c s\u0129 n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh C\u1ee7a. Hi\u1ec7n nay, Ban B\u00ed th\u01b0 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110o\u00e0n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh trao t\u1eb7ng nh\u1eefng thanh ni\u00ean n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n tu\u1ed5i t\u1eeb 18 \u0111\u1ebfn 35 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n (n\u00f4ng, l\u00e2m, ng\u01b0, di\u00eam nghi\u1ec7p); \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, kinh doanh, chuy\u1ec3n giao ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n m\u1edbi, c\u00f3 ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c t\u1ed1t, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c tham gia c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i... \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u0110o\u00e0n ho\u1eb7c ng\u00e0nh n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u. 223","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u00c0O V\u0102N TI\u1ebeN C\u00e1nh chim \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh sinh h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u201cN\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o theo \u0111\u00fang n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu, anh ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i n\u0103ng v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu c\u00f3 th\u00eam tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 xu\u1ea5t ch\u00fang, s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh thi\u00ean t\u00e0i. Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1ch khoa D\u2019Alembert th\u00edch to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb n\u0103m 13 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n cho anh h\u1ecdc y khoa, v\u00ec l\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u00e1c s\u0129 cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ec1n kh\u00e1m b\u1ec7nh. N\u1ec3 l\u1eddi b\u1ed1 m\u1eb9, anh v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng n\u1eeda ch\u1eebng b\u1ecf d\u1edf v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng sao h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0nh Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i m\u00f4n to\u00e1n. R\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c D\u2019Alembert tr\u1edf (1920-1995) th\u00e0nh nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc l\u1edbn \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Diderot, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n 20 t\u1eadp B\u00e1ch khoa to\u00e0n th\u01b0 khoa h\u1ecdc, ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. Nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c v\u1eadt l\u00fd v\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c mang t\u00ean \u00f4ng. Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Poisson c\u0169ng v\u1eady, gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u00e9p \u0111i h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 thu\u1ed1c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u00ec b\u00e0n tay qu\u00e1 v\u1ee5ng v\u1ec1, ch\u00edch m\u1ed5 kh\u00f4ng kh\u00e9o. Nh\u01b0ng khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, Poisson l\u1ea1i gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ebft b\u00e0i to\u00e1n n\u00e0y sang b\u00e0i to\u00e1n kh\u00e1c v\u00e0 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 17 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i danh v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Gi\u1ea3 thi\u1ebft Poisson c\u1ee9 \u0111eo \u0111\u1eb3ng m\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1eddng y, do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y m\u1eb7t n\u1ecd, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 D\u2019Alembert, \u00f4ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y thu\u1ed1c t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p g\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i\u201d. 224","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM Nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 sinh vi\u00ean v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 ch\u00ed l\u00fd tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn. \u00d4ng sinh n\u0103m 1920 t\u1ea1i Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh, l\u00e0 Nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i; Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris (1979), Phn\u00f4mp\u00eanh (1981), Antanarivo (1983), Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch danh d\u1ef1 H\u1ed9i Sinh v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, \u1ee6y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf (IIG)\u2026 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh n\u0103m 1996. Khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 sinh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00ec \u00f4ng khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n, l\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u00e0 n\u00f3i: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e1c anh \u0110\u1eb7ng V\u0103n Ng\u1eef, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Tr\u00ed. C\u00e1c anh \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n anh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. S\u1ef1 khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd. Su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafc: \u201cSinh h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n nay l\u00e0 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n v\u0103n khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. Su\u1ed1t m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e0n h\u1ecdc c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a Kalinin: \u201cAi mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e0nh th\u1ea1o, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ea5y ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng\u201d. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1942, m\u1edbi 22 tu\u1ed5i, \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn th\u1ef1c t\u1eadp cho sinh vi\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng! Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi xem \u00f4ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u theo. Do c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m th\u1ea7y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 40, l\u00fac Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1n Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc (ph\u1ea7n to\u00e1n, l\u00fd, h\u00f3a, c\u01a1, thi\u00ean v\u0103n). V\u1edbi l\u00f2ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e0n anh, \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi 23 tu\u1ed5i, c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp ph\u1ea7n V\u1ea1n v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc (sau n\u00e0y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Sinh h\u1ecdc). \u00d4ng \u0111em \u00fd ngh\u0129 t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch r\u1ee5t r\u00e8 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y H\u00e3n h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed9ng vi\u00ean kh\u00edch l\u1ec7. V\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 10\/1945, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 2 th\u00e1ng sau khi C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng, T\u1ed5ng h\u1ed9i Sinh vi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 cho xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n cu\u1ed1n Danh t\u1eeb khoa h\u1ecdc (ph\u1ea7n V\u1ea1n v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc) c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng g\u1ed3m h\u01a1n b\u1ea3y ng\u00e0n thu\u1eadt ng\u1eef thu\u1ea7n Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 H\u00e1n Vi\u1ec7t. Nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m ti\u00ean phong n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, phong ph\u00fa, trong s\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t v\u00e0 n\u00f3 c\u0169ng g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n t\u00edch c\u1ef1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c d\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf b\u1eadc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, cao \u0111\u1eb3ng ng\u00e0y sau n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 \u00f4ng l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m sung s\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00e0 t\u1eadp 225","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n vi\u1ebft l\u1eddi gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: \u201cT\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn, m\u1ed9t b\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u00e1m thanh ni\u00ean t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u1ec1 V\u1ea1n v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc\u2026 C\u00e1c vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c l\u00e0m trong b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n thanh ni\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n Ti\u1ebfn, Chi\u1ec3n, C\u0103n, Qu\u00e1n, Qu\u1ea3ng, Thi\u00eam \u0111\u1ec1u x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a thanh ni\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft v\u00e0 ki\u1ebfn thi\u1ebft n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d. C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng, cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft n\u0103m 1995, bao gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng say s\u01b0a \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch. Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cGi\u00e1o s\u01b0 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh \u201c\u0110i\u1ec1u tra c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n khu h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, k\u00fd sinh tr\u00f9ng v\u00e0 c\u00f4n tr\u00f9ng \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. Ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn ra nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba ngang d\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean\u201d(1961), \u201cD\u1eabn li\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 khu \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (1962), \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean h\u1ed3 Ba B\u1ec3 t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc K\u1ea1n\u201d (1988), \u201cNghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngu\u1ed3n t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean sinh v\u1eadt \u1edf ch\u00e2u th\u1ed5 S\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng (1959-1964) v\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d, (1964) \u201cS\u01b0u t\u1eadp th\u00fa \u1edf mi\u1ec1n c\u1ef1c B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (1965), \u201cGhi ch\u00fa v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t s\u01b0u t\u1eadp th\u00fa nh\u1ecf \u1edf v\u00f9ng Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh\u201d (1966)\u2026 \u00d4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 hai lo\u00e0i Vo\u1ecdc \u0103n l\u00e1 l\u00e0 Vo\u1ecdc H\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u00e0 Vo\u1ecdc m\u00e0o, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y lo\u00e0i ph\u1ee5 v\u01b0\u1ee3n \u0111en tuy\u1ec1n \u1edf v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc gi\u00e1p Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng khuy\u00ean thanh ni\u00ean nh\u1eefng kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh: - T\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecdc t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 thu th\u1eadp ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c. Kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. Th\u00ed d\u1ee5 mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Darwin, ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ecdc Ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 mu\u1ed1n hi\u1ec3u h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Lamac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc th\u00eam cu\u1ed1n Tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt. Ch\u00ednh qua nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u, tinh th\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00f3 tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. \u0110\u1ecdc c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc theo l\u1ecbch s\u1eed 226","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1. Ta kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch h\u1ecdc thu\u1ed9c c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c, quy lu\u1eadt nguy\u00ean l\u00fd n\u00eau trong t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u00eam v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ecdc c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i ch\u00fa \u00fd c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc v\u1eadt l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft to\u00e1n, h\u1ecdc sinh v\u1eadt ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft h\u00f3a v.v\u2026 Ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 duy tr\u00ec ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m \u201cc\u1ea7n g\u00ec h\u1ecdc n\u1ea5y\u201d, \u201cth\u00edch g\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc n\u1ea5y\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc l\u1ec7ch kh\u00e1 ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7n nay\u201d. N\u0103m 1951, \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 nh\u01b0 Ng\u1ee5y Nh\u01b0 Kontum \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u1eadu th\u1ea1c s\u0129 \u1edf Ph\u00e1p, Nguy\u1ec5n Xi\u1ec3n \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khai sinh ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7y t\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ee7y v\u0103n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Chi\u1ec3n \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ea5t\u2026 xuy\u00ean r\u1eebng v\u01b0\u1ee3t su\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m cao c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. N\u0103m 1955 tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p, \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ng\u00e0nh sinh h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u0111i\u1ec1u quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 sinh vi\u00ean ham th\u00edch nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc. \u201cN\u1ebfu thanh ni\u00ean kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn khoa h\u1ecdc, x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i s\u1ebd nhanh ch\u00f3ng suy tho\u00e1i v\u1ec1 v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 v\u1eadt ch\u1ea5t\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a V.Kurganov m\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 ph\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ea5u nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. T\u1eeb nh\u1eefng n\u0103m c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb tu\u1ed5i (1940), \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn Ph\u00f2ng th\u00ed nghi\u1ec7m Sinh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Y h\u1ecdc th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 cao v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu trong thanh ni\u00ean, \u00f4ng n\u00f3i: - N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1ee1ng, n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu n\u00e0o c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u1ee5n b\u1ea1i \u0111i v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n. M\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t gi\u1ed1ng t\u1ed1t, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gieo v\u00e0o m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t th\u00edch h\u1ee3p m\u1edbi n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m v\u00e0 khai hoa, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i. C\u00f2n n\u1ebfu gieo \u1edf m\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch h\u1ee3p, n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea9y m\u1ea7m ho\u1eb7c c\u00f3 th\u00e0nh c\u00e2y th\u00ec c\u0169ng v\u1edbi ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c thi\u1ebfu ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ea5t. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1956, \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00fa m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u00f3 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Nh\u1edd lao \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea7n c\u00f9 v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi n\u00ean sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng m\u1edbi ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh Kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t c\u00e1c lo\u00e0i th\u00fa \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1969). V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y, nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a n\u00f3. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng 227","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM b\u1ed1 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0110\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt c\u00f3 x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng (1971). Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, b\u1ed9 s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y v\u1eabn l\u00e0 g\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u sinh vi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n nh\u00e0 v\u0103n T\u00f4 Ho\u00e0i, n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 lo\u00e0i v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u: \u201cKinh nghi\u1ec7m vi\u1ebft v\u0103n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt l\u00e0 h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn\u201d. Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Nam B\u1ed9 \u2013 \u0110o\u00e0n Gi\u1ecfi \u2013 \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 mong \u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00f4ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u b\u00e9: \u201cBu\u1ed3n thay, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 v\u0103n s\u01a1 thi\u1ec3n, gi\u00e1 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \u2013 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt h\u1ecdc l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p thu\u1ed9c, th\u00ec \u1eaft con b\u00e9 s\u1ebd m\u00ea v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng n\u00f3, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft\u201d. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft th\u00eam H\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1p v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt (3 t\u1eadp) v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i b\u00e1o k\u00eau g\u1ecdi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt qu\u00fd hi\u1ebfm \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c uy\u00ean b\u00e1c n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1979, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Paris 7, Phn\u00f4m P\u00eanh\u2026 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp H\u1ed9i Sinh h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i, r\u1ed3i \u1ee7y vi\u00ean nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ngh\u1ec1 c\u00e1 mi\u1ec1n T\u00e2y Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u1ee7y vi\u00ean H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u00fa qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. R\u1ed3i n\u0103m 70 tu\u1ed5i \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n t\u00edn nhi\u1ec7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m h\u1ed9i vi\u00ean danh d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Th\u00fa h\u1ecdc to\u00e0n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (1990). Kinh nghi\u1ec7m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc, \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tr\u1ebb v\u1eabn l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc. Su\u1ed1t g\u1ea7n c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua kinh nghi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y trong quy\u1ec3n Khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00f3a c\u00e1ch suy ngh\u0129, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. Theo ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch \u201cg\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u gi\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin t\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh nh\u1eb1m th\u1ea5y tinh th\u1ea7n nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: 1. \t Y\u00eau ch\u00e2n l\u00fd v\u00e0 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7: \u201cD\u00f9 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o ch\u0103ng n\u1eefa tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t v\u1eabn c\u1ee9 quay\u201d. Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan, nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ra s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan trong t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng y\u00eau ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ec9nh cao c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ecdc Anxtanh c\u0169ng c\u00f3 l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: V\u1edbi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 hai \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n, m\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd 228","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat v\u00e0 hai l\u00e0 c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng (\u0111\u1ed5 xu\u1ed1ng bi\u1ec3n) c\u00e1i m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ph\u00ed bao nhi\u00eau th\u1eddi gian v\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. 2. \t Trung th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7: \u201cBi\u1ebft th\u00ec th\u01b0a th\u1edbt, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft th\u00ec d\u1ef1a c\u1ed9t m\u00e0 nghe\u201d. Trung th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gian d\u1ed1i trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y th\u01b0\u1eddng hay x\u1ea3y ra \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u00e1m danh l\u1ee3i, s\u1ed1t ru\u1ed9t v\u00ec th\u00e0nh t\u00edch. H\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 thi\u1ebfu trung th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i ngay tr\u00ean \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Hi\u1ec7n nay kh\u00f4ng \u00edt ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd khoa h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00f3i tr\u00ean, mu\u1ed1n nghe b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ecbnh ki\u1ebfn c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed3 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o sai, \u0111i t\u1edbi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sai l\u1ea7m v\u1ec1 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu nh\u00e0 qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i d\u00f9ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p quy\u1ec1n uy ho\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ef1 do trong th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn, th\u00ec tai h\u1ea1i g\u00e2y ra cho s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, sai l\u1ea7m s\u1ebd k\u00e9o d\u00e0i v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u1ec7ch \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Trung th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n h\u00e0m h\u1ed3 kh\u00f4ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n... Trung th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng khai nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i \u0111\u00fang c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1i sai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh... Trung th\u1ef1c tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea5u d\u1ed1t. D\u1ed1t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u x\u1ea5u v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng h\u1ecdc c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh d\u1ed1t l\u00e0 l\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u00ean. 3. \t \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7: \u201cKh\u00f4ng quy ph\u1ee5c b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 uy quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0o l\u00e0 ch\u00e2m ng\u00f4n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7m\u201d. \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 (hay t\u01b0 duy t\u1ef1 do) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111i t\u1edbi ph\u00e1t minh l\u1edbn trong khoa h\u1ecdc. C\u00f3 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i: L\u00f2ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m v\u00e0 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a t\u01b0 duy, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t n\u00e0y m\u1edbi cho ph\u00e9p con ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00ecn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00fang. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y, ai d\u00e1m t\u1eeb b\u1ecf con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00f2n c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m qu\u00e1 quen thu\u1ed9c m\u00e0 khai ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00ec m\u1edbi c\u00f3 hy v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u1edbi l\u1ea1 cho khoa h\u1ecdc... \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea9m sinh m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n. Thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh b\u1ea9m sinh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt s\u1ed1ng th\u00e0nh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng theo \u0111\u00e0n. Ngay khi lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh c\u0169ng c\u00f2n gi\u1eef thu\u1ed9c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y. Ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh khoa h\u1ecdc 229","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u1edbi n\u1ea3y sinh t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp suy ngh\u0129. 4. \t Nghi v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc: \u201cCh\u1ec9 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 v\u1eadt l\u00e0 th\u1eadt n\u1ebfu b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn l\u00e0 th\u1eadt\u201d. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd, sau n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i coi nh\u01b0 sai l\u1ea7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ch\u00e2n l\u00fd hi\u1ec7n nay, t\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nghi v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc.... Bi\u1ebft nghi v\u1ea5n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n khoa h\u1ecdc... H\u00e3y r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n t\u00ednh nghi v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc ngay t\u1eeb l\u00fac c\u00f2n \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 5.\t Tin t\u01b0\u1edfng khoa h\u1ecdc: \u201cKhoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn\u201d. Tuy c\u00f3 t\u00ednh nghi v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc, ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc. T\u1eeb khi th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh, khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i s\u00e2u c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0o b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, b\u1eaft thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 cho con ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb nay v\u1ec1 sau c\u0169ng s\u1ebd th\u1ebf. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh th\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean nh\u1edd nh\u1eefng c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u00f2ng tin v\u00e0o t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t h\u00e0i ho\u00e0 t\u1ef1 th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta, th\u00ec s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0o. Ch\u00ednh l\u00f2ng tin n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0 lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n s\u1ebd l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o khoa h\u1ecdc\u2026 S\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u00ednh nghi v\u1ea5n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 khoa h\u1ecdc. 6. \t Khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu d\u1ed1t \u1edf ch\u1ed7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu d\u1ed1t c\u00f2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngu d\u1ed1t l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d... Nh\u00e0 tri\u1ebft h\u1ecdc c\u1ed5 Hi L\u1ea1p S\u00f4cr\u00e1t \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e2u n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng: T\u00f4i bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 r\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft g\u00ec h\u1ebft c\u1ea3. V\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i t\u00ecm nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00eam. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft l\u1edbn lao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1eb3ng qua ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1t c\u00e1t tr\u00ean b\u00e3i sa m\u1ea1c tri th\u1ee9c m\u00eanh m\u00f4ng. T\u00ednh khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p m\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t... Newton \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 \u0111\u00fang m\u1ee9c c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u00e2u n\u00f3i b\u1ea5t h\u1ee7: S\u1edf d\u0129 t\u00f4i nh\u00ecn xa l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean vai nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3. 230","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM 7. \t T\u01b0 duy kh\u00f4ng v\u1ee5 l\u1ee3i: \u201cT\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u ch\u00e2n l\u00fd ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng khoa h\u1ecdc\u201d. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 gi\u00fap con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111i s\u00e2u v\u00e0o b\u00ed \u1ea9n c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. Khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd n\u1ebfu quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u1ed9i t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a n\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m. N\u1ebfu l\u1ed3ng m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch danh l\u1ee3i v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec quy lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5n v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc b\u1ecb l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c ho\u1eb7c ng\u1eebng tr\u1ec7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ngay t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111i t\u00ecm ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 danh l\u1ee3i d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 hai ph\u1ea1m tr\u00f9 m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn. Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 kh\u00e1ch quan, c\u00f2n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a danh l\u1ee3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 quan. Ch\u00e2n l\u00fd l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt kh\u00e1ch quan. Danh l\u1ee3i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o d\u1eabn d\u1eaft con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1edbi ch\u00e2n l\u00fd\u201d. Theo \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t li\u00ean ng\u00e0nh, nh\u01b0 sinh th\u00e1i h\u1ecdc li\u00ean k\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u1eadt, th\u1ef1c v\u1eadt, th\u1ed5 nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng, kh\u00ed t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, th\u1ee7y v\u0103n\u2026 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111a ng\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch h\u00f3a v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a sinh h\u1ecdc, \u0111\u1ecba h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf h\u1ecdc, n\u00f4ng h\u1ecdc, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 h\u1ecdc v.v... Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u1eb7t ra cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 gi\u1ecfi m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0nh li\u00ean quan\u201d. Thi\u1ebft ngh\u0129 l\u1eddi t\u00e2m s\u1ef1 ch\u00ed t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1edbp con ch\u00e1u ch\u00fang ta ch\u00e9p ra c\u00f9ng suy ngh\u0129. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho Khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0o V\u0103n Ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t I). 231","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM HO\u00c0NG T\u1ee4Y \u201cCha \u0111\u1ebb\u201d c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft T\u1ed1i \u01b0u To\u00e0n c\u1ee5c \u0110\u00eam th\u1ea5p tho\u00e1ng \u00e1nh tr\u0103ng. Tr\u0103ng v\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ee5a m\u1ecfng d\u00e1t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t s\u00f4ng. \u0110\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng g\u00e0 v\u1ecdng l\u1ea1i. D\u00f9 m\u1edbi h\u1ee9a h\u00f4n v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean 23 xu\u00e2n xanh gi\u1eef l\u1ea5y v\u1eabn quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Chao \u00f4i! Gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat \u1ea5y b\u1ecbn r\u1ecbn v\u00e0 y\u00eau th\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebft d\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0o. T\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 h\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y d\u1ea1y \u1edf v\u1eabn c\u00f2n th\u1ea5p tho\u00e1ng tr\u00ean m\u00f4i. Dresden (\u0110\u1ee9c) n\u0103m 1972 Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 su\u1ed1t s\u00e1u th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi ra Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, g\u1eb7p l\u00fac tr\u0103ng s\u00e1ng ch\u00e0ng l\u1ea1i nh\u1edb n\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng b\u1ec1n ch\u00ed \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, ch\u00e0ng tr\u00e8o non l\u1ed9i su\u1ed1i ra chi\u1ebfn khu Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc, v\u00ec hay tin gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1ec1 m\u1edf Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc C\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Tin vui n\u00e0y th\u00f4i th\u00fac trong l\u00f2ng ch\u00e0ng m\u1ed9t ni\u1ec1m say m\u00ea v\u00f4 b\u1edd d\u00e0nh cho to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, v\u00e0 ch\u00e0ng c\u00e0ng nung n\u1ea5u quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u201ct\u1ea7m s\u01b0 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1o\u201d. Ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y, m\u1ed3 c\u00f4i cha l\u00fac m\u1edbi l\u00ean 4, v\u1ec1 sau c\u0169ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u1eebng danh. \u00d4ng l\u00e0 t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a tr\u00ean 100 c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c nhau c\u1ee7a to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 quy ho\u1ea1ch 232","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM to\u00e1n, t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u00fd minimax, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i to\u00e1n c\u1ef1c tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quy ho\u1ea1ch l\u00f5m \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1edbi trong quy ho\u1ea1ch phi tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a 7 cu\u1ed1n gi\u00e1o tr\u00ecnh v\u00e0 s\u00e1ch chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n \u201cT\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c\u201d b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Anh vi\u1ebft chung v\u1edbi R. Host do Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Springer, C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a Li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c in n\u0103m 1991, cu\u1ed1n \u201cT\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u1ea5u tr\u00fac h\u1ea1ng th\u1ea5p\u201d, vi\u1ebft chung v\u1edbi H. Konno v\u00e0 P.T.Th\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n \u201cGi\u1ea3i t\u00edch l\u1ed3i v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a\u201d, do Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n Kluwer in n\u0103m 1996, 1998 (T\u1eeb \u0111i\u1ec3n b\u00e1ch khoa Vi\u1ec7t Nam (t\u1eadp 2, tr.338). \u201cT\u00f4i cho r\u1eb1ng Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec1n, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 v\u00e0 kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c th\u01b0\u1eddng. D\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n hay th\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1 n\u00e0o \u2013 trong to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c, qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd hay n\u00f3i chung trong cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebfn n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u201d (Seven Erlander - Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Linkoping - Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n). Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y sinh ng\u00e0y 7\/12\/1927, t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0i, \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. \u00d4ng n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 em ru\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7u. \u0110\u1ecba danh l\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u201cng\u0169 ph\u1ee5ng t\u1ec1 phi\u201d c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. Ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i l\u1eebng danh nh\u01b0 ch\u00ed s\u0129 L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng, b\u00e1c s\u0129 L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00e1m, nh\u00e0 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Phan Th\u00e0nh T\u00e0i, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 Phan Kh\u00f4i, nh\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Phan Thanh, nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o L\u00ea Tr\u00ed Vi\u1ec5n, nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng v.v... Nh\u1eefng t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc, y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ea5y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y. Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o An. Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Neal Koblitz - \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Washington \u1edf Seattle (Hoa K\u1ef3), \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cKhi c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb \u0111i h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0ng t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi hai m\u00f4n v\u0103n v\u00e0 to\u00e1n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i ra Hu\u1ebf, n\u01a1i anh t\u00f4i \u0111ang d\u1ea1y trung h\u1ecdc t\u01b0 th\u1ee5c v\u00e0 v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00edt-x\u00ea \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 \u2013 m\u1ed9t trong ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac \u1ea5y. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng may gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean v\u0103n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y d\u1edf, c\u00f2n gi\u00e1o vi\u00ean to\u00e1n th\u00ec r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi\u201d. Koblitz h\u1ecfi ti\u1ebfp: \u201c\u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. Vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ecb gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng?\u201d - C\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t l\u1eafm do t\u00f4i b\u1ecb \u1ed1m. N\u0103m 15 tu\u1ed5i, t\u00f4i 233","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ed5i v\u00e0 li\u1ec7t b\u00e1n th\u00e2n. T\u00f4i b\u1ecb li\u1ec7t m\u1ea5t 3 th\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 mang b\u1ec7nh su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t may l\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eefa kh\u1ecfi nh\u1edd m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng th\u1ea7y ch\u00e2m c\u1ee9u l\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1942. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt \u0111ang chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 n\u00e9m bom th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean, ngay c\u1ea3 \u1edf l\u00e0ng t\u00f4i v\u00ec n\u1eb1m gi\u1eefa hai con s\u00f4ng g\u1ea7n hai chi\u1ebfc c\u1ea7u tr\u00ean tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft xuy\u00ean \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00ean g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ng\u00e0y n\u00e0o ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ea7m tr\u00fa \u1ea9n tr\u00e1nh m\u00e1y bay. Sau khi b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00ec \u1ed1m, khi \u0111i h\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i th\u00ec t\u00f4i b\u1ecf tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00edt-x\u00ea chuy\u1ec3n sang tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0 th\u1ee5c, \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea3y c\u00f3c 2 l\u1edbp v\u00e0 nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p trung h\u1ecdc s\u1edbm m\u1ed9t n\u0103m, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1946. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n v\u00ec c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng di\u1ec5n ra n\u0103m 1945. Koblitz: \u201cC\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ebf n\u00e0o t\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng?\u201d - \u0110\u1ea5y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. Sau khi \u0111\u1ed7 t\u00fa t\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n I t\u00f4i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 l\u00e0ng tham gia c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i 18 tu\u1ed5i v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ec3 thi t\u00fa t\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n II (to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n). B\u1eb1ng t\u00fa t\u00e0i to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 g\u1ed3m hai b\u1eb1ng: b\u1eb1ng t\u00fa t\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n 1 (b\u00e1n ph\u1ea7n), thi \u0111\u1ed7 ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc m\u1ed9t n\u0103m n\u1eefa m\u1edbi thi l\u1ea5y b\u1eb1ng t\u00fa t\u00e0i ph\u1ea7n II (to\u00e0n ph\u1ea7n), ban to\u00e1n ho\u1eb7c ban tri\u1ebft, m\u1ed7i b\u1eb1ng tr\u1ea3i qua m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 thi kh\u00f3, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hai l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t n\u0103m v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng n\u0103m v\u00e0 th\u00e1ng ch\u00edn. Sau khi tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 2 n\u0103m 1946, t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ba th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho k\u1ef3 thi th\u00e1ng 5 v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 mong qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n thi vi\u1ebft, c\u00f2n ph\u1ea7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p th\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn k\u1ef3 th\u00e1ng 9 s\u1ebd thi n\u1ed1t. Nh\u01b0ng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thi vi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i cao n\u00ean t\u00f4i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh thi lu\u00f4n ngay ph\u1ea7n v\u1ea5n \u0111\u00e1p, tuy ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb g\u00ec cho ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed7 \u0111\u1ea7u trong c\u1ea3 k\u1ef3 thi. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i \u0111\u00f4i ch\u00fat v\u00e0 \u0111i l\u00e0m ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. Koblitz: \u201c\u00d4ng c\u00f3 v\u00e0o th\u1eb3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng?\u201d - Ba th\u00e1ng h\u00e8 n\u0103m 1946 t\u00f4i d\u1ea1y t\u01b0, ki\u1ebfm ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 9 t\u00f4i \u0111i t\u00e0u t\u1eeb Hu\u1ebf ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nghe ti\u1ebfng \u00f4ng L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam, sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi \u00f4ng Thi\u00eam. C\u00f3 tin \u0111\u1ed3n \u00f4ng \u1ea5y s\u1ebd t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u0103m 234","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng Khoa h\u1ecdc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y theo h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1p, t\u00f4i ghi t\u00ean theo h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1eb1ng c\u1eed nh\u00e2n to\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 hai th\u00e1ng sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 1946, chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u1ed5 ra, Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda. Koblitz: \u201cTh\u1ebf \u00f4ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec?\u201d - T\u00f4i d\u00f9ng h\u1ebft s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i mua c\u00e1c s\u00e1ch to\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111em v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc. Sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i quay v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea, \u1edf ph\u00eda nam Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1947, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u1edf n\u00ean ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. Sau Chi\u1ebfn tranh Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 Hai, theo th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a phe \u0110\u1ed3ng Minh, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i T\u01b0\u1edfng Gi\u1edbi Th\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc (k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00eda nam \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng), c\u00f2n qu\u00e2n Anh th\u00ec chi\u1ebfm mi\u1ec1n Nam. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn \u0111\u1ec3 thay th\u1ebf qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Anh. Do \u0111\u00f3, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 k\u1ec3 c\u1ea3 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, trong khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng m\u1edbi x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 r\u1ea5t kh\u00f4ng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai, ba th\u00e1ng r\u1ed3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1. T\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u00fat lui kh\u00e1 l\u1ed9n x\u1ed9n v\u00ec b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd tr\u01b0\u1edbc quy m\u00f4 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. Khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 th\u00ec nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u0169ng b\u1ecf th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 ra \u0111i, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i l\u00ean v\u00f9ng n\u00fai. Th\u1eadt kinh kh\u1ee7ng. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed1t s\u1ea1ch nh\u00e0 c\u1eeda, ru\u1ed9ng v\u01b0\u1eddn \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u00f3 g\u00ec d\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khi ch\u00fang t\u1edbi. Koblitz: \u201c\u00d4ng \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u? \u00d4ng c\u00f3 s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng?\u201d - T\u00f4i s\u1ed1ng v\u1edbi m\u1eb9 v\u00e0 anh em \u1edf mi\u1ec1n n\u00fai ph\u00eda t\u00e2y t\u1ec9nh nh\u00e0 kho\u1ea3ng m\u1ea5y tu\u1ea7n. Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 gia \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00fang t\u00f4i chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch chi\u1ebfm, c\u00e1ch qu\u00ea t\u00f4i kho\u1ea3ng 100km v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda nam. \u0110\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i d\u1ea1y \u1edf m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc. Th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng trung h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t \u1edf v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i (g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Li\u00ean Khu 5). T\u00f4i d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1951. Koblitz: \u201cC\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c c\u00f3 b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y hay kh\u00f4ng?\u201d 235","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM - C\u0169ng b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do kh\u00e1 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh, c\u00f3 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng v\u0103n h\u00f3a kh\u00e1 cao so v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Koblitz: \u201cCh\u00ednh trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa?\u201d - V\u00e2ng, cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn in n\u0103m 1949. \u0110\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch h\u00ecnh h\u1ecdc d\u00e0nh cho h\u1ecdc sinh trung h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a v\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn Li\u00ean khu 5\u201d(1). Qua cu\u1ed9c tr\u00f2 chuy\u1ec7n th\u00fa v\u1ecb n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f4i n\u00e9t v\u1ec1 s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y thu\u1edf xu\u00e2n xanh. Sau 6 th\u00e1ng l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i ra \u0111\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u00ec l\u00fac \u1ea5y tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u01b0a m\u1edf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i d\u1ea1y \u1edf Khu h\u1ecdc x\u00e1 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i Nam Ninh (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u s\u00e1ch ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec1u b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfng Nga, ti\u1ebfng Anh th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Nga qua ti\u1ebfng Anh. Th\u1eadt k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1, ch\u1ec9 v\u1edbi quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch m\u1ecfng Russian in three months (Ti\u1ebfng Nga trong ba th\u00e1ng), \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ee7 v\u1ed1n t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecdc quy\u1ec3n L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m bi\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a I.P. Natanson v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 vang d\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ea7u. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng d\u1ea1y to\u00e1n \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Khoa h\u1ecdc, sau \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i do gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam l\u00e0m hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc c\u00f3 hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng song song t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i: h\u1ec7 9 n\u0103m v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 12 n\u0103m. Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ea5p thi\u1ebft. Th\u00e1ng 3\/1956 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1ec1 \u00e1n c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c l\u1ea7n 2, (c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950). Theo \u0111\u00f3, hai h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u0169 s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c 10 n\u0103m. H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng n\u00e0y g\u1ed3m 3 c\u1ea5p (c\u1ea5p I: 4 n\u0103m, c\u1ea5p II: 3 n\u0103m, c\u1ea5p III: 3 n\u0103m). V\u00ec l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1955, Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1eed l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edfng ban c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng (1) GS.TS Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y - S\u0129 phu th\u1eddi nay (Ban ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean: Nguy\u00ean Ng\u1ecdc, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Di\u1ec7u, H\u00e0 Huy Kho\u00e1i, Ng\u00f4 Vi\u1ec7t Trung, Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Xanh) - NXB Tr\u00ed Th\u1ee9c- 2007, trang 39- 43). 236","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM trung h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh s\u00e1ch gi\u00e1o khoa cho m\u1ecdi m\u00f4n h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb l\u1edbp 1 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 10. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y m\u1edbi 27 tu\u1ed5i! Th\u00e1ng 9\/1957, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong ch\u00edn c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed \u0111i tu nghi\u1ec7p, n\u00e2ng cao tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Theo h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Khoa To\u00e1n C\u01a1 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia Matxc\u01a1va, \u00f4ng ch\u1ecdn m\u00f4n Gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 D.E Menshov v\u00e0 G.E Shilov h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn. Do kh\u00f4ng tin \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 theo h\u1ecdc n\u1ed5i, hai v\u1ecb gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u00ednh n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ra nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ec1 to\u00e1n \u201ch\u00f3c b\u00faa\u201d, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i to\u00e1n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 G.E Shilov. V\u00ec th\u1ebf \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho h\u1ecd s\u1ef1 tin c\u1eady. Ki\u00ean tr\u00ec h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp, th\u00e1ng 3\/1959, \u00f4ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ph\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i trong gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch th\u1ef1c. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m khoa To\u00e1n - V\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, ngo\u00e0i c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 Gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch th\u1ef1c c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng vang trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y l\u1ea1i chuy\u1ec3n qua m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u kh\u00e1c. Tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a Koblitz, \u00f4ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cT\u00f4i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1eadt h\u1eefu d\u1ee5ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0ng h\u01a1i l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft qu\u00e1 v\u00e0 theo nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, h\u01a1i xa th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf (\u00edt nh\u1ea5t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0ng nay d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i). N\u0103m 1961 t\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i \u01b0u\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng k\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp: \u201cN\u0103m 1961, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e1o bi\u1ebft tin c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft s\u1ed1, \u0111\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 v\u00e0 l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft h\u00e0m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Hua Lo Keng c\u0169ng t\u00edch c\u1ef1c qu\u1ea3ng b\u00e1 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y, Th\u1ebf n\u00ean khi \u00f4ng T\u1ea1 Quang B\u1eedu, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc khi \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, \u0111i th\u0103m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u00f4ng t\u00ecm h\u1ed9 th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc. Khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, \u00f4ng \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 trao cho t\u00f4i m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u, v\u00e0 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i b\u1eaft tay l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c s\u1ef1 theo h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u00e0y\u201d. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecb l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc phi th\u01b0\u1eddng, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 g\u00e2y ti\u1ebfng vang qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng t\u01b0\u01a1i \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ea7y cam go trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00f4ng. \u201cC\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 n\u0103m 1964 \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng 237","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lu\u1eadn v\u0103n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 d\u00e0i b\u1ed1n n\u0103m tr\u0103m trang, m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i b\u00e1o ng\u1eafn, v\u1ecfn v\u1eb9n c\u00f3 4 trang kh\u1ed5 nh\u1ecf, tr\u00ean b\u00e1o c\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n H\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc Li\u00ean X\u00f4. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1eady nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i b\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t L\u00e1t c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o. L\u00e1t c\u1eaft th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng r\u1ea5t \u0111a d\u1ea1ng, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c (nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n \u201ckh\u00f3 v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t\u201d; tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 ai gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c) m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i to\u00e1n quy ho\u1ea1ch t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p do Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 sau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1edbi to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00e1t c\u1eaft T\u1ee5y\u201d (Tuy\u2019s cut) v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 c\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc m\u1edbi: L\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c\u201d (Xem b\u00e1o Qu\u1ea3ng Nam Ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 14\/12\/1977). Ch\u00ednh v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y m\u00e0 nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 70 n\u0103m ng\u00e0y sinh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng (1927-1997), t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 22 \u0111\u1ebfn 24\/8\/1997, H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Linkoping (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cT\u1eeb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng ti\u00ean phong trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 quy ho\u1ea1ch to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ed5ng qu\u00e1t\u201d v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham d\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c b\u00e1o c\u00e1o trong h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p trong cu\u1ed1n chuy\u00ean kh\u1ea3o \u201cFrom Local to Global Optimization\u201d \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng, do Kluwer xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u201cJournal of Global Optimization\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u201cActa Mathematica Vietnamica\u201d \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eb7ng \u00f4ng. B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng sau, t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 26 \u0111\u1ebfn 29\/12\/1997 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 \u201cGi\u1ea3i t\u00edch \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed1i \u01b0u\u201d nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin m\u1eddi c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n tham kh\u1ea3o ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng (B\u00e1o TV \u0110\u00e0i Truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 20\/3\/2003): \u201cL\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i \u01b0u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c kinh t\u1ebf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u1ed1i \u01b0u. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1974, t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc \u1edf Hunggary, c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c trong h\u00e3ng NEC (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) g\u1eb7p t\u00f4i v\u00e0 khoe r\u1eb1ng trong vi\u1ec7c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i to\u00e1n quy ho\u1ea1ch l\u00f5m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a 238","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i. Sau n\u00e0y \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, T\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 trong nhi\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc, kinh t\u1ebf, k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, hi\u1ec7n nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111ang \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng n\u00f3 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p protein. \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc s\u1edbm tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 60, V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc l\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta t\u00ecm ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p t\u1ed1t nh\u1ea5t cho t\u1eebng t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, l\u00e0m sao hao ph\u00ed \u00edt nh\u1ea5t ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t. Ban \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00fang ta \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o giao th\u00f4ng v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i, n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p nh\u1eb9... Ngay trong chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng sau chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 th\u1eddi bao c\u1ea5p, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p, c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c \u00edt quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf. C\u00e1c c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 to\u00e1n \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y, x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc. K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 n\u00f3i chung kh\u1ea3 quan, nh\u01b0ng h\u1ed3i \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh cho n\u00ean c\u00f3 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00e0 khi ch\u00fang t\u00f4i r\u00fat th\u00ec x\u00ed nghi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng t\u1ef1 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Sau th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 nh\u1edd m\u00e1y vi t\u00ednh ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ph\u1ed5 c\u1eadp, vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. Nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00e2ng cao t\u00ednh c\u1ea1nh tranh c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m \u0103n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft. Cho n\u00ean V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc, T\u1ed1i \u01b0u h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ti\u1ebfc r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta ch\u01b0a quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1ec1 khoa h\u1ecdc tr\u00ean l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i \u01b0u ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1nh. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c l\u00e3ng ph\u00ed l\u1edbn, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb v\u1edbi c\u1ea5p tr\u00ean, nh\u01b0ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 g\u00ec. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfc. C\u00f2n nh\u1edb, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u0111i xa, B\u00e1c H\u1ed3 c\u00f3 g\u1ecdi t\u00f4i l\u00ean h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 v\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc. Sau khi nghe t\u00f4i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y, B\u00e1c c\u0103n d\u1eb7n: \u201cCh\u00fa c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh\u201d. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng thi\u1ebft tha mong mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0ng thi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch cho n\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng V\u1eadn tr\u00f9 h\u1ecdc t\u00e0n l\u1ee5n d\u1ea7n. C\u00e1n b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0nh n\u00e0y th\u00ec ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gi\u00e0, m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed1i ti\u1ebfp. Ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 k\u1ebf c\u1eadn\u201d. N\u0103m 1970, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1976, l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 th\u1ec9nh gi\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Orsay Paris-Sud (Ph\u00e1p). Ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn. T\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf l\u1edbn v\u1ec1 L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Budapest \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam r\u1ea5t vinh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u201cTham 239","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM lu\u1eadn to\u00e0n th\u1ec3\u201d. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1eddi \u0111i gi\u1ea3ng b\u00e0i t\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi... N\u0103m 1980 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd H\u1ed9i To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam; N\u0103m 1983, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c Trung t\u00e2m Gi\u1ea3i t\u00edch h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng, Vi\u1ec7n Qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c Gia, Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. \u00cdt ai bi\u1ebft, n\u0103m 1988, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Tokyo l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 13, t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Global Optimization (T\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 m\u1eddi \u00f4ng l\u00e0m T\u1ed5ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp. Nh\u01b0ng do quan h\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f2n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00ean \u00f4ng t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. N\u1ebfu n\u0103m 1997, H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Linkoping (Th\u1ee5y \u0110i\u1ec3n) \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cT\u1eeb t\u1ed1i \u01b0u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1ed1i \u01b0u to\u00e0n c\u1ee5c\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f4n vinh \u00f4ng, th\u00ec th\u00e1ng 12\/2007, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u1ec1 L\u1eadp tr\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng l\u1ed3i c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Rouen (Ph\u00e1p) \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eebng th\u1ecd gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y 80 xu\u00e2n. Theo Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 - Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n Ph\u00fa (Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc): \u201cV\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1970, khi t\u00f4i \u0111ang h\u1ecdc to\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p Leipzig, th\u00ec Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea V\u0103n Thi\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u1ee9c. C\u00f3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u sinh \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi: \u201cHi\u1ec7n nay ai l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi?\u201d. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng: \u201cAnh Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y\u201d. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1ea5y c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c coi l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n To\u00e1n h\u1ecdc\u201d. Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n Takahito Kuno t\u00f4n vinh Gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u1ee5y l\u00e0 \u201c\u00d4ng Gi\u00e0 Tuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam\u201d \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ee3i cho ch\u00fang ta nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 Noel trong huy\u1ec1n tho\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n lo\u1ea1i. 240","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM NGUY\u1ec4N V\u0102N HI\u1ec6U Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u trong khoa h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng vang d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc Thu \u0110\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947 \u0111\u00e3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng hai v\u00f9ng r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t, xen k\u1ebd nhau: v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 v\u00f9ng b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. Nhi\u1ec1u gia \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf ph\u00eda B\u1eafc g\u1ed3ng g\u00e1nh ch\u1ea1y t\u1ea3n c\u01b0 v\u00e0o Thanh H\u00f3a. Tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ea1y gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p xa th\u0103m th\u1eb3m c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 21\/7\/1938 t\u1ea1i th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng, t\u1ec9nh H\u00e0 T\u00e2y, trong m\u1ed9t gia Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00ecnh c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00f9ng t\u1ef1 do \u2013 qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a B\u00e0 Tri\u1ec7u \u2013 v\u00ec nh\u00e0 ngh\u00e8o n\u00ean \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 xin \u0111i l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng \u1edf x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t. M\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ed5i m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ngh\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc th\u00ec ti\u1ebfc bi\u1ebft bao nhi\u00eau! \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00eam nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f9ng nhau sinh ho\u1ea1t t\u1eadp th\u1ec3, \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea5t l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng h\u00f2 trong tr\u1ebbo: Trai m\u1ef9 mi\u1ec1u g\u1eafng c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e8n s\u00e1ch G\u00e1i thanh t\u00e2n ch\u0103m m\u1ea1ch c\u1eedi canh Trai th\u00ec chi\u1ebfm b\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ec1 danh G\u00e1i th\u00ec d\u1ec7t c\u1eedi v\u1eeba lanh v\u1eeba t\u00e0i 241","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM R\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng l\u1edbp b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 vang l\u00ean nh\u1eefng ti\u1ebfng i, t\u1edd d\u00f9 c\u00f2n ng\u1ecdng ngh\u1ecbu nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb1m th\u1eafm \u0111\u00e1ng y\u00eau bi\u1ebft ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o. D\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 bao ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u1eadu b\u00e9 Hi\u1ec7u ham h\u1ecdc l\u1eafm, n\u00ean c\u0169ng m\u00e0y m\u00f2 t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch m\u01b0\u1ee3n s\u00e1ch v\u1edf c\u1ee7a b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u00f9ng trang l\u1ee9a. H\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u c\u1eadu nh\u1edb vanh v\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111ang h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u00ec \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 x\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec7t sai ra ch\u1ee3 \u1edf th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n H\u1eadu Hi\u1ec1n thu\u00ea \u0111\u00f3ng chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n k\u00ea m\u00e1y d\u1ec7t. \u0110\u00fang ng\u00e0y h\u1eb9n, c\u1eadu ra th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e1c b\u00e0n v\u1ec1. C\u00e1i b\u00e0n l\u1edbn, n\u1eb7ng th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao c\u1eadu b\u00e9 m\u01b0\u1eddi tu\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e1c n\u1ed5i? \u0110ang loay hoay m\u1ec7t nh\u1ecdc v\u1edbi m\u1ed3 h\u00f4i nh\u1ec5 nh\u1ea1i, c\u1eadu ch\u1ee3t n\u1ea3y ra s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng. L\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea9y c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o xu\u00f4i chi\u1ebfc b\u00e0n v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u1eb7ng nh\u1ecdc \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng. \u0110\u00e3 th\u1ebf, l\u00fac b\u00ec b\u00f5m d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng, c\u1eadu c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ea9m nh\u1ea9m \u00f4n l\u1ea1i b\u00e0i v\u1edf. Cu\u1ed9c ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng Xu\u00e2n m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao l\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u00edn n\u0103m. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 th\u1ee3 d\u1ec7t ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng l\u00ean H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n thi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m. C\u1eadu thi \u0111\u1eadu v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ed1t nghi\u1ec7p h\u1ea1ng nh\u00ec n\u00ean khi ra tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y khoa v\u1eadt l\u00fd \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc T\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb l\u00fac n\u00e0y. N\u0103m \u0111\u00f3 \u00f4ng tr\u00f2n 18 tu\u1ed5i. Th\u00e1ng 9\/1960 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed sang Li\u00ean X\u00f4 du h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7n Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0110upna. R\u00f2ng r\u00e3 ba n\u0103m, l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u201cL\u00fd thuy\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1 l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, sau ph\u00e1t minh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a hai nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel 1957 l\u00e0 Tsung-Dao-Lee v\u00e0 Chen-Ning-Yang v\u1ec1 \u201cS\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n t\u00ednh ch\u1eb5n l\u1ebb trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c y\u1ebfu\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ta th\u1eed t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 \u201ct\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c\u201d l\u00e0 g\u00ec? Theo T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eed (NXB Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh 1984) c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Ng\u1ecdc Giao: \u201cL\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cc\u00e1i g\u00ec\u201d l\u00e0m cho tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 v\u1eadt l\u00fd (vi m\u00f4) \u0111ang t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i \u1edf m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m ti\u1ebfp theo. L\u00e0 s\u1ef1 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cl\u1ef1c\u201d hay \u201cth\u1ebf n\u0103ng\u201d trong v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n. C\u00f3 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 b\u1ed1n lo\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c: t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c y\u1ebfu v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn\u201d (tr. 197). \u0110\u1ec3 242","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang theo \u0111u\u1ed5i, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft th\u1eddi gian c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00f4i qua trong s\u1ef1 t\u0129nh l\u1eb7ng c\u1ee7a th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc c\u1ee7a ph\u00f2ng Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. Th\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1ng ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean, ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u0103m m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay nhi\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh v\u1eabn c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f9a v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p: \u201c-Tr\u00e1i tim t\u00f4i thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c y\u1ebfu\u201d \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u1eddi x\u00f2a! D\u00f9 b\u1eadn r\u1ed9n v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng n\u1edf n\u1ee5 c\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4n h\u1eadu v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o ph\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u01b0\u1edbng nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1edbi: \u201cC\u00e1c t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao\u201d. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c bi\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1. Theo gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i \u201cva ch\u1ea1m\u201d gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t vi m\u00f4. N\u1ebfu sau khi \u201cva ch\u1ea1m\u201d m\u00e0 ta c\u00f3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u0169 t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean v\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, xung l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eebng h\u1ea1t kh\u00e1c \u0111i - th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 \u0111\u00e0n t\u00ednh, c\u00f2n n\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 sau khi \u201cva ch\u1ea1m\u201d ta thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng h\u1ea1t m\u1edbi th\u00ec \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u00e1n x\u1ea1 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0n t\u00ednh\u201d (tr. 196). K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 uy\u00ean b\u00e1c v\u00e0 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Bogolubov, Logunov \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c lu\u00f4n v\u1edbi nh\u00f3m Markov chung v\u1edbi h\u1ecd. V\u00e0 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 sau m\u1ed9t n\u0103m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ph\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n 243","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 th\u00e1ng 5 n\u0103m 1964, \u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi 26 tu\u1ed5i, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 \u0110\u00e0o V\u1ecdng \u0110\u1ee9c c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t v\u1ec1 \u00f4ng: \u201cLu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm t\u00f2i nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u1edbi, lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd, l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a anh Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u\u201d. C\u00f2n vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Markov cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201c\u0110\u00f4i khi trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb7p may do t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng thi\u00ean t\u00e0i d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea5y m\u1ecf v\u00e0ng. Nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p kh\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i, anh kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ee3i khoa h\u1ecdc \u201cb\u1ed1 th\u00ed\u201d cho m\u00ecnh. Anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0m cho m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch lao \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1eadt nhi\u1ec1u, b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn (Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb ch\u1ee7 nh\u1eadt s\u1ed1 21\/6\/1998). Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, sau khi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n ti\u1ebfn s\u0129, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u l\u1ea1i b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u1ea3 tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng uy\u00ean b\u00e1c c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda ch\u00e2n tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc: \u201cL\u00fd thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n\u201d. B\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh quy\u1ec3n s\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ef1a nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. S\u00e1ch xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1967, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1ef1 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao: quy lu\u1eadt c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 m\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 sinh ra r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1t c\u00f3 t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1ee9ng. Trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Logunov. Nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 V\u00e0 \u00f4ng g\u1eb7t h\u00e1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c N.N.Bololyubov, vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n Dubna ch\u00fac th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1: ph\u00e1t minh m\u1ed9t quy lu\u1eadt m\u1edbi m\u1eebng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn \u00e1n khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng 244","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u201cQuy lu\u1eadt b\u1ea5t bi\u1ebfn k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ti\u1ebft di\u1ec7n c\u00e1c qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh sinh h\u1ea1t\u201d. R\u1ed3i m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau, th\u00e1ng ch\u1ea1p n\u0103m 1981 v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u00e0y Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Logunov Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u (b\u00eca tr\u00e1i) v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng nghi\u1ec7p n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ee6y ban Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t minh c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1t minh. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lao v\u00e0o nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed1i quan t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u. N\u0103m 1969 khi gi\u1eb7c M\u1ef9 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i trong \u201cchi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i\u201d th\u00ec t\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 Richard M.Nixon tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng \u201cH\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Nixon\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 n\u0103m m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Chao \u00f4i! M\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 15 n\u0103m tr\u00f4i qua - k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y ch\u00e0ng thanh ni\u00ean hi\u1ebfu h\u1ecdc t\u1eeb Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00ean H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1ed9p \u0111\u01a1n thi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadt l\u00fd t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng nh\u1eadn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 Vi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Vi\u1ec7n V\u1eadt l\u00fd. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111ang \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i. Th\u00e1ng 10\/1982 trong phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7n h\u00e0n l\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc Li\u00ean X\u00f4 - ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch \u0111o\u00e0n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Markov, Bogoluba, Nogunov - ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7n s\u0129. Ch\u00fang ta th\u1ea5y t\u00ean \u00f4ng trong danh s\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn cho khoa h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd M\u1ef9 John Bardeen hai l\u1ea7n gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t minh hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng transisto 245","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM v\u00e0 hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng si\u00eau d\u1eabn, Rudolf Mossbaner - Nh\u00e0 v\u1eadt l\u00fd c\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a li\u00ean bang \u0110\u1ee9c, gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Nobel v\u1ec1 ph\u00e1t minh hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng Mossbaner v.v\u2026 Vinh quang cho m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5 c\u00f4ng t\u00ecm t\u00f2i khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u01b0a d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y lao t\u00e2m kh\u1ed5 t\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ghi nh\u1eadn x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng. N\u0103m 1986 \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Logunov \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Li\u00ean X\u00f4 trao t\u1eb7ng Gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng L\u00ea Nin do nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng cao. R\u1ed3i m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp sau \u0111\u00f3, 1996, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta trao t\u1eb7ng gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh (\u0111\u1ee3t I). Trong nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng lao \u0111\u1ed9ng. \u00d4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thu\u1ed9c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00e1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 quan tr\u1ecdng. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ec1 t\u00e0i thu\u1ed9c l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1eed v\u00e0 h\u1ea1t c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ea5t r\u1eafn\u2026 S\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 25\/6\/1998 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Trung t\u00e2m khoa h\u1ecdc t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 Qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 trao Hu\u00e2n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ea1ng Nh\u1ea5t cho \u00f4ng, v\u00ec \u201c\u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p to l\u1edbn trong vi\u1ec7c tham gia t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 s\u1edf nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 tham gia \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 khoa h\u1ecdc k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d. Tr\u00ean trang web c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc Qu\u1ed1c gia H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i cho bi\u1ebft: \u201c\u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i ti\u00ean phong trong vi\u1ec7c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ng\u00e0nh gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c. Theo \u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng cho \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 nh\u1eefng \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng b\u1ee5c\u201d c\u1ea7n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c m\u1ee9c ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p kh\u00e1c nhau cho nh\u1eefng t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y: ph\u1ee5 c\u1ea5p d\u00e0nh cho gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean - th\u1ea1c s\u0129 ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c bi\u1ec7t v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean - ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 ho\u1eb7c gi\u00e1o s\u01b0. G\u1eafn b\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m v\u1edbi gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc, \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng suy ngh\u0129 v\u00e0 tr\u0103n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m n\u00e2ng cao ch\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc. \u00d4ng cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cCh\u1ea5t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o nhi\u1ec1u y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1ea5t. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc mu\u1ed1n h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh: h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e0i ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho b\u1ea3n 246","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM th\u00e2n. Y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng m\u01a1 \u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft, mu\u1ed1n gi\u00fap cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3\u201d. Trong c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ea7y, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t mong mu\u1ed1n th\u1eadt gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng r\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c v\u1edbi \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng: \u201cL\u00e0m sao gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 trong nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y th\u00ec l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c th\u1eadt t\u1ed1t, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc th\u00ec c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e1t minh, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o th\u00ec gi\u1ea3ng b\u00e0i th\u1eadt h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c cho h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2\u2026\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, s\u1ef1 n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng, d\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u201ch\u00f3c b\u00faa\u201d c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 t\u1ea5m g\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 thanh ni\u00ean noi theo. V\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 v\u1eadt l\u00fd h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u1eabn c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfn tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, th\u00ec nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng t\u1ef1 h\u00e0o. 247","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u00c0I LI\u1ec6U THAM KH\u1ea2O \u2022\t L\u1ecbch tri\u1ec1u hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng lo\u1ea1i ch\u00ed - Phan Huy Ch\u00fa - NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i - 1992. \u2022\t C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt - 1998. \u2022\t N\u1eeda th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c - 1995. \u2022\t Truy\u1ec7n c\u00e1c ng\u00e0nh ngh\u1ec1 - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB Lao \u0111\u1ed9ng - 1977. \u2022\t \u0110\u1ea1i Nam li\u1ec7t truy\u1ec7n - NXB Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a - 1992. \u2022\t V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0i lo\u1ea1i ng\u1eef - L\u00ea Qu\u00fd \u0110\u00f4n - NXB Mi\u1ec1n Nam - 1972. \u2022\t Th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed3ng x\u01b0a c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta - Qu\u1ed1c Ch\u1ea5n - NXB Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c - 1996. \u2022\t Danh nh\u00e2n B\u00ecnh Tr\u1ecb Thi\u00ean (Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3) - NXB Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a - 1986. \u2022\t H\u1ea3i Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng L\u00e3n \u00d4ng y t\u00f4n t\u00e2m l\u0129nh (to\u00e0n t\u1eadp) b\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u0110inh Th\u1ee5, Ho\u00e0ng V\u0103n H\u00f2e - NXB \u0110\u1ed3ng Th\u00e1p 1992. \u2022\t T\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb nh\u00e0 v\u0103n h\u00f3a Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7n - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB Thu\u1eadn H\u00f3a - 1997. \u2022\t Nguy\u1ec5n T\u1eed Si\u00eau t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc - NXB H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 V\u0103n 1998. \u2022\t T\u1eed Si\u00eau y tho\u1ea1i - NXB Khoa h\u1ecdc X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i Y h\u1ecdc D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1990. \u2022\t H\u00e0nh tr\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB V\u0103n Ngh\u1ec7 TP.HCM. \u2022\t G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ng\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam -DS Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Xu\u00e2n Nam - NXB Y H\u1ecdc - 1985. \u2022\t L\u1ecbch s\u1eed thu\u1ed1c Nam v\u00e0 d\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecdc Tu\u1ec7 T\u0129nh - L\u01b0\u01a1ng y L\u00ea Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u1ee9c -NXB Y H\u1ecdc 1990. \u2022\t H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i di t\u00edch v\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u1eadt - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - S\u1edf V\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u00f4ng tin H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i XB n\u0103m 1994. \u2022\t Nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (hai t\u1eadp) - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB V\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u00f4ng tin - 1998. \u2022\t \u0110\u00f4ng y l\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3o - D\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u0129 \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh Tu\u00e2n - NXB M\u0169i C\u00e0 Mau 1998. \u2022\t Con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng vinh quang - L\u00ea Gia Vinh-NXB V\u0103n H\u00f3a 1991. \u2022\t \u0110\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Ph\u1ea1m Ng\u1ecdc Th\u1ea1ch - nh\u00e0 tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng - Nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 - NXB Y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 Th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c th\u1ec3 thao 1969. \u2022\t T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u kho s\u00e1ch H\u00e1n N\u00f4m - Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Gi\u00e1p - NXB V\u0103n H\u00f3a 1984. \u2022\t \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0o khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i - T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t T\u00f9ng - NXB Thanh Ni\u00ean - 1978. Ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n tham kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1ch, c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e2n \t v\u1eadt c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp trong t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. 248","T\u1eacP 3: DANH NH\u00c2N KHOA H\u1eccC VI\u1ec6T NAM M\u1ee5c l\u1ee5c L\u1edcI N\u00d3I \u0110\u1ea6U 5 V\u0168 H\u1eeeU Nh\u00e0 to\u00e1n h\u1ecdc tr\u1ee9 danh c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV 9 L\u01af\u01a0NG TH\u1ebe VINH \u00d4ng tr\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecfi to\u00e1n 16 HO\u00c0NG \u0110\u00d4N H\u00d2A C\u1ee9u ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9c bao la 26 H\u1ea2I TH\u01af\u1ee2NG L\u00c3N \u00d4NG Th\u00e1nh y c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam 31 L\u00ca QU\u00dd \u0110\u00d4N Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII 47 NGUY\u1ec4N H\u1eeeU \u0110\u1ea0O L\u00e0m thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9c cho \u0111\u1eddi 57 TR\u1ecaNH \u0110\u00ccNH NGO\u1ea0N Qu\u1ed1c th\u1ee7 danh y 62 NGUY\u1ec4N H\u1eeeU TH\u1eacN Ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ra l\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7p k\u1ef7 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1813 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1945 68 CAO TH\u1eaeNG Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebf s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng 1874 theo ki\u1ec3u Ph\u00e1p 75 249"]