Kể chuyện danh nhân Việt Nam tập 2 - Những người Việt Nam đi tiên phong

["B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM theo l\u1ed1i c\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, n\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch, m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 cho ta \u0111i t\u1edbi n\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho kh\u1ecfi sai l\u1ea7m qu\u00e1, cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e2n x\u1ee9ng h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3n s\u1eafc ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u00f4ng. V\u1eady c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc \u1edf nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: T\u1ea1o n\u00ean m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt cho qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf tu\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 m\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u01a1i, hai, ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m qu\u1ed1c thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh. C\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1ebd ng\u1edd k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 \u1ea5y, m\u00e0 cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t c\u00e1 t\u00ednh \u0111i ch\u0103ng? C\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 v\u00ec m\u1ed7i ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00e2n b\u00fat m\u1ed7i kh\u00e1c, v\u1ebd c\u00e0ng d\u1ec5 kh\u00e1c nhau, tuy l\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i v\u1eabn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n l\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng; v\u00ed nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef Nho, vi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbng, ho\u00e0nh hay \u0111\u1ed1i, t\u1eeb x\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn nay c\u00f3 ai vi\u1ebft gi\u1ed1ng ai \u0111\u00e2u, m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ec1n n\u1ebfp \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c1 n\u00e0y? V\u1eady khoa h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda s\u1ebd ki\u00eam c\u1ea3 khoa b\u00fat thi\u1ebfp n\u1eefa. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ebd l\u1eadp l\u00e0m 7 ban, c\u1ea3 ch\u00ednh l\u1eabn ph\u1ee5. Ban h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda c\u00f3 ba ti\u1ec3u ban: 1. H\u1ecda theo l\u1ed1i \u00c2u ch\u00e2u, t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c b\u1eb1ng than, ch\u00ec, m\u1ef1c t\u00e0u, thu\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u; 2. a\/ H\u1ecda theo l\u1ed1i \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, v\u1ebd d\u00f9ng tr\u00ed nh\u1edb b\u1eb1ng b\u00fat nho, m\u1ef1c ta, son, thu\u1ed1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u1ebd v\u00e0o gi\u1ea5y, l\u1ee5a; b\/ Vi\u1ebft ch\u1eef, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i ch\u00e2n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, tri\u1ec7n, l\u1ec7, th\u1ea3o, h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ee7 c\u00e1c n\u00e9t, c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch c\u1ea7m b\u00fat, d\u00f9ng m\u1ef1c, thu\u1ed1c. c\/ Thu\u1ed9c gi\u1ea5y, l\u1ee5a; ph\u1ecfng theo c\u1ed5 nh\u00e2n v.v... Ban ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac: V\u1ebd theo c\u00e1c \u0111\u00ecnh ch\u00f9a c\u1ed5, so s\u00e1nh k\u00edch th\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u00ecm l\u1ea5y l\u1ed1i nh\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho th\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi phong t\u1ee5c, t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh, th\u1ee7y th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0, v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 sinh c\u1ee7a n\u00f2i gi\u1ed1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam, h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u00e0u, ngh\u00e8o \u1edf trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. L\u1ea5y khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 gi\u00fap cho ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hay h\u01a1n, ti\u1ebfn h\u01a1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Lo m\u1edf mang c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean, phong c\u1ea3nh thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, t\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u ng\u00f3i, g\u1ea1ch l\u00e1t c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u nh\u1eefng v\u1eadt c\u1ea7n d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y nh\u00e0 cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ec7n l\u1ee3i, m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt; ch\u1ebf ra nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng trong nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0 gi\u01b0\u1eddng, gh\u1ebf, b\u00e0n, t\u1ee7 v.v... cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 v\u1ebb m\u1ef9 quan, b\u1eb1ng tre g\u1ed7, s\u00e0nh, s\u1ee9, d\u1eabu ki\u1ec3u r\u1ebb ti\u1ec1n h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u00edt ti\u1ec1n c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, n\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 100","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb nay tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 sau \u1edf trong c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi b\u1ec1 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n, \u00edch l\u1ee3i, ngo\u1ea1n m\u1ee5c, \u0111\u1ec3 cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c ph\u00fa gia \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi \u00eam \u0111\u1eb9p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ed1ng trong v\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed vui t\u01b0\u01a1i, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ea7n thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean t\u1ea1o v\u1eadt h\u01a1n m\u00e0 v\u1eabn gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec7 sinh nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00c2u, \u00c1. Ban \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc: D\u1ea1y n\u1eb7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u1eadt to\u00e0n th\u00e2n hay b\u00e1n th\u00e2n. N\u1eb7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ea7n, n\u1eb7n pho t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 t\u1ebf t\u1ef1, n\u1eb7n ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e0i k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m, n\u1eb7n to\u00e0n kh\u1ed1i... Ban n\u00e0y c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc theo th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ecfng c\u1ed5 (t\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00f9a T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng), t\u1eadp \u0111\u1ee5c v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1 v\u00e0 g\u1ed7. L\u1eadp m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u ban chuy\u00ean v\u1ec1 t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc. Ban s\u01a1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: H\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o s\u01a1n theo Trung Hoa, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, Cao Ly, Vi\u1ec7t Nam (\u0110\u00ecnh B\u1ea3ng). L\u00e0m c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u: khay, b\u00e1t, ch\u00e9n, l\u1ecd, m\u00e2m, c\u00e1nh c\u1eeda, b\u1ee9c s\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t phi\u1ebfn, b\u00ecnh phong v.v... N\u00e9t v\u1ebd, m\u00e0u s\u1eafc ph\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam Vi\u1ec7t. Ban trang ho\u00e0ng: H\u1ecdc c\u00e1ch b\u00e0i tr\u00ed, x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u1ebf h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ki\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 v\u1ea3i, l\u1ee5a, s\u01a1n, s\u00e0nh, s\u1ee9, v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c, len, th\u1ea3m, kh\u1ea3m, ki\u1ec3u cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 in nh\u01b0: qu\u1ea3ng c\u00e1o, c\u00e1o b\u1ea1ch, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf, \u0111\u00e1, s\u1eaft, \u0111\u1ed3ng, da, g\u1ed7, \u0111\u1ea5t v.v... Ban kh\u1eafc: D\u1ea1y kh\u1eafc m\u1ed9c b\u1ea3n, th\u1ea1ch b\u1ea3n, kh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed3ng, b\u1eb1ng ax\u00edt. Ban b\u1ed3i tranh l\u1ee5a, tranh gi\u1ea5y: D\u1ea1y c\u00e1c c\u00e1ch l\u00e0m ra h\u1ed3 sao cho kh\u1ecfi m\u1ed1c, kh\u1ecfi cong tranh (l\u00f2ng mo), kh\u1ecfi gi\u00e1n c\u1eafn; h\u1ecdc c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i b\u1ed3i tranh, d\u1ea7y m\u1ecfng, m\u00e9p b\u1ed3i \u0111\u1eb1ng sau, hay l\u00e0 m\u00e9p \u0111\u00e8 \u0111\u1eb1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c b\u1ed3i th\u00e0nh b\u1ee9c tranh l\u1ed3ng khung hay b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f3 tr\u1ee5c. B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c v\u00e0 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o: T\u1eeb l\u1edbp 1 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1edbp 2 (n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec) ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ebd than, ch\u00ec, m\u1ef1c ta, b\u00fat ta, h\u1ecdc n\u1eb7n theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u1ed3i, \u0111\u1ee9ng ho\u1eb7c v\u1ebd ph\u00e1c h\u1ecda theo ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1eed \u0111\u1ed9ng. T\u1eeb l\u1edbp 3, 4, 5 tr\u1edf \u0111i ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 khoa b\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c, c\u00e1c ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea5u t\u1ea1o n\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m. B\u1ed1 c\u1ee5c th\u00ec v\u1ebd tr\u00ean gi\u1ea5y, ph\u00e1c b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t; v\u1ebd th\u00ec d\u00f9ng m\u1ef1c ta, thu\u1ed1c b\u1ed9t, thu\u1ed1c s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u. B\u1ee9c h\u1ecda n\u00e0o ki\u1ec3u \u0111\u1eb9p s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ebd th\u1eadt c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh tr\u00ean l\u1ee5a, v\u1ea3i, gi\u1ea5y d\u00f3 l\u1ee5a, ho\u1eb7c n\u1eb7n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ed5 khu\u00f4n b\u1eb1ng xi m\u0103ng hay th\u1ea1ch cao\u201d. Khi \u0111\u1ecdc xong b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y, Victor Tardieu c\u00e0ng th\u00eam v\u1eefng t\u00e2m, \u00f4ng h\u0103ng h\u00e1i g\u1eedi \u0111\u01a1n l\u00ean ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n xin m\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong \u0111\u01a1n c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \u201c... \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng 101","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 d\u01b0\u1edbi \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u00e1p\u201d. M\u1ecdi vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra su\u00f4ng s\u1ebb. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau, Victor Tardieu c\u00f9ng Nam S\u01a1n sang Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho vi\u1ec7c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 mua trang thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb, tuy\u1ec3n l\u1ef1a gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean v.v... H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 m\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ecda s\u0129 Joseph Inguimberty \u0111ang l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea1i x\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 Morand c\u00f9ng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n sinh. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong chuy\u1ebfn \u0111i n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf ph\u00ed th\u1eddi gian, Victor Tardieu \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u Nam S\u01a1n v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Qu\u1ed1c gia Paris. Bu\u1ed5i s\u00e1ng, \u00f4ng h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y Jean Pierre Laurens, bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y F\u00e9lix Anbert. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n h\u1ecdc th\u00eam \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc v\u00e0o bu\u1ed5i t\u1ed1i v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00ean tranh th\u1ee7 tham quan, h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi th\u00eam t\u1eeb c\u00e1c b\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng hay v\u00e0o th\u01b0 vi\u1ec7n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u... V\u1edbi n\u0103ng khi\u1ebfu \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfp thu nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng m\u1edbi m\u1ebb c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111ang h\u1ed9i t\u1ee5 t\u1ea1i \u201ckinh \u0111\u00f4 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng\u201d Paris. C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft b\u1ea1n v\u1edbi hai danh h\u1ecda n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 Fonjita (Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n) v\u00e0 T\u1eeb Bi H\u1ed3ng (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t chi ti\u1ebft t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft: \u0111\u00fang l\u00fac tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n sinh th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng may Victor Tardieu b\u1ecb \u1ed1m, ph\u1ea3i \u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 Nam S\u01a1n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee9ng ra c\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng khai gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00fang th\u1eddi gian quy \u0111\u1ecbnh. V\u1edbi vai tr\u00f2 ti\u00ean phong c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c v\u1ec1 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 d\u00e2n b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 (!) n\u00ean th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u, h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nam S\u01a1n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0 tr\u1ee3 gi\u00e1o (moniteur) v\u00e0 hai n\u0103m sau m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong l\u00e0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 chuy\u00ean ng\u00e0nh theo quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Nha h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf Nam S\u01a1n x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi danh x\u01b0ng gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u1edf b\u00ean Ph\u00e1p, m\u1ed7i kh\u00f3a h\u1ecdc Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt l\u00e0 5 n\u0103m. Nh\u1eefng h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean kh\u00f3a 1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Phan Ch\u00e1nh, L\u00ea V\u0103n \u0110\u1ec7, L\u00ea Ph\u1ed5, Mai Trung Th\u1ee9, C\u00f4ng V\u0103n Trung, Georges Kh\u00e1nh... T\u00ednh t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1925-1945, tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o cho n\u1ec1n h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 bi\u1ebft bao nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i. Theo nh\u00e0 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Th\u00e1i B\u00e1 V\u00e2n th\u00ec: \u201cTa c\u00f3 g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m \u01a1n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng? C\u00f3. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc theo tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u0103n minh ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng 102","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG truy\u1ec1n th\u1ee5 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn theo ph\u00e9p vi\u1ec5n c\u1eadn khoa h\u1ecdc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh t\u1eeb th\u1eddi Ph\u1ee5c H\u01b0ng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00dd... D\u0129 nhi\u00ean c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap b\u1ed1n, n\u0103m th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda b\u00e1c h\u1ecdc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh, \u0111\u1eb9p \u0111\u1ebd v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt th\u1ec3 trong kh\u00f4ng gian, tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c (b\u1eb1ng t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 \u0111\u1eadm, nh\u1ea1t, s\u00e1ng, t\u1ed1i, ph\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh...). Gi\u1ed1ng y nh\u01b0 th\u1eadt, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a m\u1ef9 h\u1ecdc duy l\u00fd ch\u00e2u \u00c2u t\u1eeb c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 c\u00e1i tr\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh m\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt T\u00e2y ph\u01b0\u01a1ng xoay quanh, t\u1eeb Hy L\u1ea1p c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u1edbi h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc sinh Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y nh\u01b0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u1eabu th\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi, n\u1eb7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, trang tr\u00ed, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt.. \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn vi\u1ec5n c\u1eadn c\u1ee7a khoa h\u1ecdc n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng m\u00e0 th\u1ea5y, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda c\u1ee9ng c\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 Cung, hay \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00f2a nh\u01b0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n C\u1ea9n, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc V\u00e2n, hay \u0111am m\u00ea nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Gia Tr\u00ed, h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n nh\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng Xu\u00e2n Nh\u1ecb, hay th\u1eadt th\u00e0 qu\u00ea m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Phan Ch\u00e1nh th\u00ec t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec3u l\u1ed9 c\u00e1i \u01b0u c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh quy \u1edf m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng ki\u1ec3u m\u1edbi, l\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fac k\u1ebft khoa h\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u00e0m b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc\u201d (Nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt s\u1ed1 2\/1984). C\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 Wal Demas George so s\u00e1nh: \u201cC\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n do ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp trong th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 b\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u01b0 h\u1ecfng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt x\u1ee9 n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u01b0\u1edbng ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n theo phong c\u00e1ch ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tr\u00e1i l\u1ea1i Victor Tardieu gi\u1eef g\u00ecn b\u1ea3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac m\u1edbi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp (1\/10\/1925) 103","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng Victor Tardieu v\u00e0 sinh vi\u00ean kh\u00f3a 1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (1925) s\u1eafc d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam... Ng\u01b0\u1eddi hi\u1ec7u tr\u01b0\u1edfng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi sinh vi\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ngu\u1ed3n, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng tho\u00e1t ly th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd\u201d. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a Victor Tardieu v\u00e0 Nam S\u01a1n, b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00ec ch\u00fang th\u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 b\u00ean ng\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng m\u1ef9 ngh\u1ec7 n\u00ean \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed th\u00f4 b\u1ea1o l\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda! Nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng phi v\u0103n h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, Victor Tardieu v\u00e0 Nam S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0n v\u1edbi nhau l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. Cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0ng b\u00e0y \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1928 ngay t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Ta th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 tranh Thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef r\u0169 t\u00f3c c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Ph\u1ed5, Thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef ng\u1ed3i tr\u00ean s\u1eadp c\u1ee7a Mai Trung Th\u1ee9, \u00d4ng gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Th\u1ecb L\u1ef1u, C\u00f2 tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00e1 v\u00e0ng, Ch\u1ee3 g\u1ea1o tr\u00ean t\u1ea3 ng\u1ea1n s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Nam S\u01a1n, Hai v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n tr\u1ee5c l\u00faa c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Phan Ch\u00e1nh... ngo\u00e0i ra c\u00f2n c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a T\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc V\u00e2n. D\u01b0 lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t hoan ngh\u00eanh th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt m\u00e0 nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m n\u00e0y. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nguy\u00ean do ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. 104","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG V\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Nam S\u01a1n, th\u1eadt ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m kh\u00e1c nhau. N\u0103m 1923, t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 Khai Tr\u00ed Ti\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ee9c, Nam S\u01a1n tham gia b\u1eb1ng hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u Ch\u00e2n dung nh\u00e0 nho v\u00e0 T\u0129nh v\u1eadt c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 Thang Tr\u1ea7n Ph\u1ec1nh, nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ee5c. N\u0103m 1927, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m t\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng hai t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m Ch\u00e2n dung c\u1ee5 S\u00f9ng \u1ea4m T\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 V\u1ec1 ch\u1ee3 r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00fa \u00fd. Nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u0103m 1930 \u2013 m\u00e0 b\u00e1o Trung B\u1eafc t\u00e2n v\u0103n s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 8\/8\/1930 \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u1edf Paris\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac Nam S\u01a1n tham gia tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Paris v\u1edbi t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m m\u1ef1c nho Ch\u1ee3 g\u1ea1o b\u00ean s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng. B\u1ed9 M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 mua b\u1ee9c tranh n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a v\u00e0o B\u1ea3o t\u00e0ng. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng n\u0103m n\u00e0y, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng. Nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Tri\u1ec1u D\u01b0\u01a1ng cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Paris b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u bi\u1ebft th\u00eam \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam qua H\u1ed9i ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u1ea5u x\u1ea3o thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf Paris n\u0103m 1931. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi Ch\u01a1i \u00f4 \u0103n quan c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Phan Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng, r\u1eb1ng tranh l\u1ee5a Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng tranh l\u1ee5a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hay Trung Hoa; bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn tranh B\u1ee9c tranh Ch\u1ee3 g\u1ea1o b\u00ean s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a Nam S\u01a1n (gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng Salon de Paris n\u0103m 1930) 105","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u Phong c\u1ea3nh B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 c\u1ee7a L\u00ea Ph\u1ed5, tranh C\u00f2 tr\u1eafng v\u00e0 c\u00e1 v\u00e0ng kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 7 m\u00e0u c\u1ee7a S\u01a1n Nam (sau n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng khen c\u1ee7a Salon de Rome - Italia - n\u0103m 1932), tranh kh\u1eafc g\u1ed7 Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean b\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u1ee9c Thu\u1eadn... R\u1ed3i Ch\u00e2n dung m\u1eb9 t\u00f4i c\u1ee7a Nam S\u01a1n (Huy ch\u01b0\u01a1ng b\u1ea1c, tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m Paris 1932), r\u1ed3i L\u00e1 thu, s\u01a1n d\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a T\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc V\u00e2n ho\u1eb7c c\u00e1c t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Mai Trung Th\u1ee9, L\u00ea V\u0103n \u0110\u1ec7... v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch h\u1ed9i h\u1ecda \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean do Nam S\u01a1n vi\u1ebft v\u00e0 in n\u0103m 1930 La peinture Chinoise (H\u1ed9i h\u1ecda Trung Qu\u1ed1c) b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p\u201d. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1937, Victor Tardieu qua \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 Nam S\u01a1n v\u00e0 Joseph Inguimberty ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y Tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t giai \u0111o\u1ea1n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ed1i tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi Nam S\u01a1n v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ecdc vi\u00ean (in tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y Nay s\u1ed1 145 c\u1ee7a tr\u01b0\u1eddng - v\u00ec \u0111i\u00eau kh\u1eafc gia ng\u00e0y 14\/1\/1938) Jonch\u00e8re \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u sang thay Victor Tardieu, v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Opinion: \u201cT\u00f4i \u0111i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i chuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee3 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129. C\u00e1i gi\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 kh\u00e9o l\u00e9o r\u00f5 r\u1ec7t. V\u1eady ta kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u1ee3i \u1edf h\u1ecd nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u1ec1 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng...\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc quan \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ec7ch l\u1ea1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 Cung, L\u01b0u V\u0103n S\u00ecn, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n C\u1ea9n, Ho\u00e0ng L\u1eadp Ng\u00f4n, L\u01b0\u01a1ng Xu\u00e2n Nh\u1ecb, Nguy\u1ec5n Khang l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn tranh lu\u1eadn l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y nay (s\u1ed1 144 - ng\u00e0y 7\/1\/1939). \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y Joncheres mu\u1ed1n thay \u0111\u1ed5i quan ni\u1ec7m gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng 106","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG ph\u1ea3i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng. T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u1eb7ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 nh\u01b0 Nam S\u01a1n s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u00e2n gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1943, do chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 S\u01a1n T\u00e2y. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 9\/3\/1945, ph\u00e1t-x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u00f5i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3ng vi\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0 Jonch\u00e8re, Inguimberty... b\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt giam c\u1ea7m th\u00ec Nam S\u01a1n v\u1eabn duy tr\u00ec ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n phong tr\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eadt. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn - m\u1ea1ng gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp n\u0103m 1945, t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a Nam S\u01a1n Nam S\u01a1n c\u00f9ng sinh vi\u00ean tham gia v\u1ebd tranh c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd b\u1ee9c tranh c\u00f3 kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u201cNam qu\u1ed1c s\u01a1n h\u00e0 Nam \u0111\u1ebf c\u01b0\u201d. Th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m \u0111\u1ec3 che m\u1eaft b\u1ecdn Nh\u1eadt, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ti\u1ec1n, \u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t ngay s\u1ed1 ti\u1ec1n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec1 ph\u00f2ng Nh\u1eadt b\u1eaft, sau tri\u1ec3n l\u00e3m sinh vi\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 tr\u1ed1n v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00edt ng\u00e0y sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Ngay sau ng\u00e0y gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Nam S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a s\u1edbm tr\u1ecdng d\u1ee5ng. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 146\/N\u0110 do B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c gia Gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh H\u00f2e k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 5\/1\/1946 c\u1eed \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00f4ng V\u0129nh Th\u1ee5y (B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i) c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 \u0110\u00e0o Duy Anh v\u00e0 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u00ecnh Nhu v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n H\u1ecdc vi\u1ec7n \u0110\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng B\u00e1c c\u1ed5. N\u0103m th\u00e1ng tr\u00f4i qua. Nam S\u01a1n v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c v\u00e0 tham gia v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Phong c\u1ea3nh (1960), Gi\u1ea5c m\u01a1 ng\u00e0y kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn (1960)... T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1957 \u00f4ng l\u00e0 \u1ee6y vi\u00ean Ban ch\u1ea5p 107","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM h\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac qua \u0111\u1eddi ng\u00e0y 27\/1\/1973 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i trong s\u1ef1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u00e0y 15\/2\/2001, b\u00e1o V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 \u201cH\u1ecda s\u0129 Nam S\u01a1n v\u00e0 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 h\u1ecda s\u0129 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c kh\u00e1c. Qua bu\u1ed5i t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m \u201cnh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i th\u1ea3o khoa h\u1ecdc c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t cao\u201d, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, ghi nh\u1eadn c\u00f4ng lao c\u1ee7a Nam S\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ec1n m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 - nh\u01b0 b\u00e1o V\u0103n Ngh\u1ec7 ghi nh\u1eadn. K\u1ebft th\u00fac, \u201cNh\u00e0 th\u01a1 H\u1eefu Th\u1ec9nh nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00f3c \u0111\u1ed9 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt: - M\u1ed9t, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nam S\u01a1n nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u1ecda s\u0129 \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam; - Hai, s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u1ecda s\u0129 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng cho \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc; - Ba, quan ni\u1ec7m v\u1ec1 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nam S\u01a1n c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e2y h\u01a1n 70 n\u0103m, c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn b\u1edfi m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 v\u1eabn \u0111i s\u00e2u, hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o t\u1ed3n ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t T\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m v\u1ec1 Nam S\u01a1n v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y 15\/2\/2001 t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i 108","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG \u0111i\u1ec1u k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1. Nh\u1eefng quan ni\u1ec7m 70 n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Nam S\u01a1n v\u1ec1 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng h\u00f4m nay c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc qu\u00fd b\u00e1u \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang ta k\u1ebf th\u1eeba, c\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang ta v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 m\u1edbi, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u0111i ch\u00fang ta c\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf qu\u00ean b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb n\u00e0o. Nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb D\u1ef1ng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nam S\u01a1n nh\u00e2n k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m m\u1edbi c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u00e1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt (2000) tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean h\u00e0nh trang cho ch\u00fang ta. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc b\u1ed5 \u00edch cho ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 tr\u1ebb\u201d (V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u1ed1 9 (3\/3\/2001). V\u00e0 t\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ecda \u0111\u00e0m n\u00e0y, k\u1ef9 s\u01b0 An Ki\u1ec1u \u2013 con trai h\u1ecda s\u0129 Nam S\u01a1n \u2013 c\u00f3 cho bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t b\u1ed1 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n m\u00e0 nay tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 100 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng v\u1edbi \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n: g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Vi\u1ec7t Nam (nay l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) l\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ee7a Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1edbi \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, hi\u1ec7n nay Ban gi\u00e1m hi\u1ec7u Tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u201cGi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt Nam S\u01a1n\u201d. 109","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Phan Kh\u00f4i Ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o \u201cth\u01a1 m\u1edbi\u201d trong thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u201cPhan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n xu\u1ea5t s\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t trong ph\u00e1i Nho h\u1ecdc. \u1ede m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 c\u1ef1u h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i r\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1i m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 t\u00e2n h\u1ecdc c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i cho l\u00e0 \u201cm\u1edbi qu\u00e1. \u0110\u00f3 th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1edd.\u201d (V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Phan \u2013 Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i). M\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u201ct\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng\u201d m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec th\u01a1 c\u0169, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi t\u1eeb th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y c\u1ea3 h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Phan Kh\u00f4i (1887- n\u0103m, do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a 1959) Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n nh\u00e2n t\u00e0i t\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc ta khi l\u00e0m th\u01a1 th\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t. H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh nhi\u1ec1u l\u00fac gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o, vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n; ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef nhi\u1ec1u khi qu\u00e1 trau chu\u1ed1t, d\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec3n t\u00edch, \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ed1 xa x\u00f4i b\u00ean T\u00e0u m\u1ea5t h\u1eb3n t\u00ednh ch\u00e2n th\u1ef1c v\u1ed1n c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft cho th\u01a1; th\u1eadm ch\u00ed h\u1ecd c\u00f2n quan ni\u1ec7m ti\u1ebfng N\u00f4m c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u201cn\u00f4m na l\u00e0 cha m\u00e1ch qu\u00e9\u201d m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i d\u00f9ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u1ea1t t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh! N\u00f3i nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ph\u1ee7 nh\u1eadn kho t\u00e0ng thi ca c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 - m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y r\u1eb1ng v\u1edbi ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t, r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c t\u1eebng c\u00e2u ch\u1eef, b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c t\u1eebng v\u1ea7n \u0111i\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng \u00edt tinh th\u1ea7n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a v\u0103n nh\u00e2n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, theo Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 do \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng 110","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG c\u1ee7a khoa c\u1eed, nh\u01b0ng khi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, ch\u00fang b\u00e3i b\u1ecf ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 thi c\u1eed ch\u1eef H\u00e1n th\u00ec lo\u1ea1i th\u01a1 c\u0169 c\u0169ng d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9c t\u00f4n. V\u0103n minh ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t lu\u1ed3ng gi\u00f3 m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, s\u1ef1 va ch\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a hai lu\u1ed3ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u00f4ng - T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m... C\u00e1c tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh, Tr\u1ecbnh \u0110\u00ecnh R\u01b0, Phan Kh\u00f4i... \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng khai c\u00f4ng k\u00edch th\u1ec3 th\u01a1 c\u00f3 qu\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau tr\u00ean. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng d\u00e2n thi tho\u1ea1i, Phan Kh\u00f4i vi\u1ebft: \u201cTh\u1eadt th\u1ebf, An Nam ta ph\u1ea7n nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e0m thi c\u1ee9 m\u1ed7i b\u00e0i t\u00e1m c\u00e2u, m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u b\u1ea3y ch\u1eef, c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh ra nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i lu\u1eadt chung m\u00e0 \u00edt ai ngh\u0129 th\u1eed t\u1ea1i l\u00e0m sao. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 t\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i h\u1ecdc khoa c\u1eed c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5y \u0111\u1eddi nay di truy\u1ec1n l\u1ea1i. Ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a m\u1ed7i khoa thi ch\u1eef Nho, tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u00ec c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i thi v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u00fa, m\u00e0 b\u00e0i thi th\u00ec d\u00f9ng th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadt n\u00e0y. Thi ch\u1eef nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, r\u1ed3i thi N\u00f4m c\u0169ng quen theo. Th\u1ec3 th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n \u1ea5y b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00f3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1eddi \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng cho n\u00ean c\u0169ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng lu\u1eadt\u201d. Nguy\u00ean h\u1ed3i b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd \u0111\u1eb7t ra th\u1ec3 m\u1edbi \u1ea5y, g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt, th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c r\u1ed3i, nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. Coi nh\u01b0 hai c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00ec k\u00eau c\u00e2u m\u1edf, hai c\u00e2u n\u1eefa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tam t\u1ee9, hai c\u00e2u n\u1eefa g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u ng\u0169 l\u1ee5c, hai c\u00e2u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 c\u00e2u k\u1ebft; trong c\u00e2u tam t\u1ee9 v\u00e0 c\u00e2u ng\u0169 l\u1ee5c mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i \u00fd g\u00ec c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 lu\u1eadt nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. N\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i l\u00e0 v\u00ec th\u1ebf. Song t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y \u0111em th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n v\u00e0o khoa c\u1eed r\u1ed3i th\u00ec th\u1ec3 \u1ea5y tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c qu\u00e1 m\u00e0 m\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 sanh th\u00fa. H\u1ecd b\u1eaft ph\u1ea3i k\u00eau c\u00e2u tam t\u1ee9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea1ng, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 tr\u1ea1ng ra \u00fd ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1; k\u00eau c\u00e2u ng\u0169 l\u1ee5c l\u00e0 c\u00e2u lu\u1eadn ho\u1eb7c c\u00e2u b\u1ed3i, ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ban th\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ed3i th\u1ea5u \u00fd c\u00e2u tr\u1ea1ng. Ph\u1ea3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sai \u0111i, sai \u0111i th\u00ec h\u1ecfng. \u1ea4y ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 lu\u1eadt ri\u00eang d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i l\u00e0m b\u00e0i thi trong vi\u1ec7c khoa c\u1eed m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, n\u00e0o c\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e1i ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc ch\u00e1nh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a ngh\u1ec1 thi nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? Nh\u01b0ng m\u00e0 ng\u00e0y nay ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng tu\u00e2n theo, kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u1edfi m\u00ecnh ra kh\u1ecfi tr\u00f3i. Th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef t\u1ef1 x\u01b0ng d\u1ea1y ph\u00e9p l\u00e0m thi m\u00e0 c\u0169ng d\u1ea1y theo l\u1ed1i khoa c\u1eed \u1ea5y, th\u00ec th\u1eadt l\u00e0 t\u1ee5c qu\u00e1. Thi qu\u00fd cho nh\u00e3, m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ee5c \u0111i c\u00f2n d\u1ea1y ai? 111","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u1ecdn thanh ni\u00ean ta b\u00e2y gi\u1edd n\u1ebfu mu\u1ed1n l\u00e0m thi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eef Nho th\u00ec h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u? T\u00fang th\u1ebf t\u1ea5t ph\u1ea3i h\u1ecdc nh\u1eefng s\u00e1ch qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef d\u1ea1y m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u1ee5c t\u1eb1n h\u1ee7 b\u1ea1i \u1ea5y, th\u00ec tr\u00e1ch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1i t\u0103m d\u1ed1t n\u00e1t?\u201d. C\u0169ng trong n\u0103m 1928 n\u00e0y, tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Trung B\u1eafc t\u00e2n v\u0103n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 in b\u00e0i th\u01a1 d\u1ecbch kh\u00f4ng ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt, s\u1ed1 ch\u1eef trong m\u1ed7i c\u00e2u th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i Con ve s\u1ea7u v\u00e0 con ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n V\u0129nh d\u1ecbch th\u01a1 ng\u1ee5 ng\u00f4n c\u1ee7a La Fontaine. Nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng Ho\u00e0i Thanh c\u00f3 ghi nh\u1eadn: \u201cNh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y kia cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ec7nh v\u1ec1 thi ca \u0111\u00e3 nh\u00f3m d\u1eady. Ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 10\/3\/1932. L\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong th\u00e0nh tr\u00ec th\u01a1 c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed7 th\u1ee7ng. \u00d4ng Phan Kh\u00f4i h\u0103ng h\u00e1i nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1c b\u01b0\u1edbc ra tr\u1eadn. \u00d4ng t\u1ef1 gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc kia... \u00edt ra trong m\u1ed9t n\u0103m t\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u0103m b\u1ea3y b\u00e0i, ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n, ho\u1eb7c b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef N\u00f4m; m\u00e0 n\u0103m, b\u1ea3y b\u00e0i c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i n\u00f3i ph\u00e1ch, \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 n\u0103m b\u1ea3y b\u00e0i nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. \u1ea4y th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng k\u1ebft \u00e1n th\u01a1 c\u0169! Th\u01a1 c\u1ed1t ch\u01a1n. Th\u01a1 c\u0169 b\u1ecb c\u00e2u th\u00fac qu\u00e1 n\u00ean m\u1ea5t ch\u01a1n. B\u1edfi v\u1eady \u00f4ng b\u00e0y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 \u201c\u0111em \u00fd th\u1eadt c\u00f3 trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m m\u00ecnh t\u1ea3 ra b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt g\u00ec h\u1ebft\u201d v\u00e0 t\u1ea1m m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. H\u1ed3i b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef t\u00e2n v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi c\u1ef1c th\u1ecbnh. Nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n b\u00e1 \u0111i kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. C\u00e1i b\u00e0i T\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 \u00f4ng d\u1eabn ra l\u00e0m th\u00ed d\u1ee5, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ai th\u00edch kh\u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng thanh ni\u00ean trong n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ed7ng th\u1ea5y m\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t g\u00f3c tr\u1eddi m\u1edbi v\u00ec c\u00e1i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o gi\u1ea5u di\u1ebfm c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t b\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e0n anh trong v\u0103n gi\u1edbi c\u00f4ng nhi\u00ean th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn\u201d (Thi nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, 1942) v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Phan c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ghi nh\u1eadn: \u201cPhan Kh\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tay th\u1ee3 th\u01a1, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u00fac h\u1ee9ng \u00f4ng m\u1edbi l\u00e0m, n\u00ean th\u01a1 \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nhi\u1ec1u, nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0m b\u00e0i n\u00e0o t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c, \u00fd t\u1ee9 d\u1ed3i d\u00e0o, d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta... C\u00f2n v\u1ec1 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t\u201d. V\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 \u201cs\u1edf d\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng trong \u0111\u00e1m thanh ni\u00ean tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 g\u00e2y n\u00ean phong tr\u00e0o th\u01a1 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 v\u00ec \u00fd, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i v\u00ec \u00e2m \u0111i\u1ec7u. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t khi th\u01a1 tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadt b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 c\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u \u00fd h\u01a1n\u201d (Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i - 1942). Nh\u01b0ng Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 ai? 112","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG Phan Kh\u00f4i, hi\u1ec7u Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u00e2n, sinh ng\u00e0y 20 th\u00e1ng 8 n\u0103m \u0110inh H\u1ee3i (1887) t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng B\u1ea3o An (nay thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 \u0110i\u1ec7n Quang, G\u00f2 N\u1ed5i, huy\u1ec7n \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n, t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam) thu\u1ed9c d\u00f2ng d\u00f5i khoa b\u1ea3ng. Cha l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng Phan Tr\u00e2n \u2013 tri ph\u1ee7 Di\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh, m\u1eb9 l\u00e0 b\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Th\u1ecb L\u1ec7 \u2013 con T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Ho\u00e0ng Di\u1ec7u. Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4ng minh, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi v\u00e0 hay... l\u00fd s\u1ef1! Khi gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft chuy\u1ec7n g\u00ec bao gi\u1edd \u00f4ng c\u0169ng l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o. T\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u1ea5y ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p cho c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y \u00f4ng s\u1ebd \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i: vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o v\u00e0 vi\u1ebft nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u. V\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch hay l\u00fd s\u1ef1, c\u00e3i c\u1ecd, v\u1eb7n v\u1eb9o n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean m\u00e0 \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam c\u00f3 c\u00e2u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f4n \u201cL\u00fd s\u1ef1 qu\u00e1 Phan Kh\u00f4i\u201d l\u00e0 v\u1eady. N\u0103m 1905, v\u1eeba 18 tu\u1ed5i, Phan Kh\u00f4i thi \u0111\u1eadu T\u00fa t\u00e0i H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng khoa c\u1eed. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, ng\u1ecdn gi\u00f3 \u0110\u00f4ng Du v\u00e0 Duy T\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh, Tr\u1ea7n Qu\u00fd C\u00e1p... \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebfn Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. Phan Kh\u00f4i h\u0103ng h\u00e1i c\u1eaft t\u00f3c theo xu th\u1ebf chung c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 c\u00e2u ca dao h\u00f3m h\u1ec9nh \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n t\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf: V\u0103n minh kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea7u \u00d4ng s\u01b0 c\u0169ng c\u00fap c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u 3 xu! V\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 nguy\u1ec7n \u0111i tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n, c\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ed9ng cho phong tr\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u00ecm th\u1ea7y h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef. \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00eam, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c c\u1eadu h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 6, 7 tu\u1ed5i si\u00eang n\u0103ng c\u1eafp s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc \u1edf nh\u00e0 th\u1ea7y Phan Th\u00e0nh T\u00e0i \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau n\u00e0y tham gia cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Duy T\u00e2n, b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p x\u1eed tr\u1ea3m \u1edf \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n. Th\u1eddi gian sau, \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n sang h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y L\u00ea Hi\u00ean. N\u0103m 1907, tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam g\u1eedi ra h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. N\u1ed1i g\u00f3t c\u00e1c b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e0n anh, Phan Kh\u00f4i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft cho t\u1edd \u0110\u0103ng c\u1ed5 t\u00f9ng b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n cho phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb trong n\u0103m 1908 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ee5 \u201cH\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c\u201d, v\u1ee5 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i ch\u1ed1ng s\u01b0u cao thu\u1ebf n\u1eb7ng n\u1ed5 ra \u1edf Trung K\u1ef3... Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0110\u00f4ng Kinh Ngh\u0129a Th\u1ee5c. Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e1nh v\u1ec1 Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh theo h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi th\u1ea7y Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 H\u1ecdc. Nh\u01b0ng \u00edt l\u00e2u sau, v\u00ec nghi ng\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 H\u1ecdc c\u00f3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, Ph\u00e1p theo d\u00f5i r\u1ea5t 113","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ng\u1eb7t, Phan Kh\u00f4i b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c xin h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng D\u00f2ng Pellerin \u1edf Hu\u1ebf. Th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 22 tu\u1ed5i, nh\u01b0ng ham h\u1ecdc n\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng chi\u1ebfu c\u1ed1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01a1n. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, \u00f4ng b\u1ecb b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc l\u1edbp nh\u00ec v\u1edbi b\u1ecdn tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi l\u00ean m\u01b0\u1eddi! Hai th\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ea7u, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1ed5 h\u1ea1ng ch\u00f3t, nh\u01b0ng qua th\u00e1ng th\u1ee9 ba th\u00ec v\u1ecdt l\u00ean \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. M\u1edbi h\u1ecdc d\u0103m ba th\u00e1ng th\u00ec nh\u1eadn tin cha m\u1ea5t, \u00f4ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0 th\u1ecd tang. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian \u00f4ng b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft giam \u1edf nh\u00e0 lao H\u1ed9i An \u2013 v\u00ec tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y \u00f4ng t\u1eebng ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 cho phong tr\u00e0o Duy T\u00e2n. V\u00e0o trong t\u00f9, \u00f4ng nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt g\u1eedi s\u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc! \u0110\u1ecdc ch\u1ed7 n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u th\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u0111i\u1ec3n ra tra c\u1ee9u. Nghe n\u00f3i c\u00f3 th\u1ea7y \u01afng Di\u1ec5n d\u1ea1y gi\u1ecfi, \u00f4ng vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 nh\u1edd th\u1ea7y ra b\u00e0i v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m tra b\u00e0i cho m\u00ecnh. L\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i b\u00e0i thi th\u00ec \u00c1n s\u00e1t Qu\u1ea3ng Nam l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ecbch thu h\u1ebft s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u1edbi c\u00e2u h\u0103m d\u1ecda: - C\u00e1c anh c\u00f2n h\u1ecdc l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1eefa, v\u00ec c\u00f3 ai cho c\u00e1c anh thi \u0111\u00e2u m\u00e0 h\u1ecdc! \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1913, ra kh\u1ecfi t\u00f9, \u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1ee3 v\u00e0 m\u1edf l\u1edbp d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u1edf nh\u00e0. Nh\u01b0ng Phan Kh\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 y\u00ean t\u00e2m ng\u1ed3i d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, v\u00ec sau m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian th\u0103m d\u00f2, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf khoa thi ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. N\u0103m 1915 l\u00e0 khoa thi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nam v\u00e0 \u1edf Trung K\u1ef3 khoa thi cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m 1918. Phan Kh\u00f4i th\u00f4i d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2: - D\u1ea1y c\u00e1c anh cho gi\u1ecfi ch\u1eef Nho t\u00f4i v\u1eabn d\u1ea1y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng th\u1eddi bu\u1ed5i n\u00e0y c\u00e1c anh c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec! Th\u00f4i, h\u00e3y h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef T\u00e2y \u0111i! N\u0103m 1916, Phan Kh\u00f4i ra B\u1eafc, xu\u1ed1ng H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng l\u00e0m th\u01b0 k\u00fd cho c\u00f4ng ty B\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1i B\u01b0\u1edfi. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau, \u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c v\u00ec th\u1ea5y ngh\u1ec1 \u201cc\u1ea1o gi\u1ea5y\u201d kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1918, c\u1eed nh\u00e2n H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 Tr\u00e1c gi\u1edbi thi\u1ec7u \u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nam Phong. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n trong l\u00fac tr\u00e0 d\u01b0 t\u1eedu h\u1eadu, Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh c\u00f3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Phan Kh\u00f4i: - C\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i gi\u1ea3ng \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00fd lu\u1eadn gi\u1ecfi n\u00ean \u00edt ai b\u1eaft b\u1ebb \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, v\u00ec h\u1ecd c\u00f3 h\u1ecdc khoa l\u00fd \u0111o\u00e1n. Phan Kh\u00f4i ng\u1edb ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra h\u1ecfi l\u1ea1i: - L\u00fd \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0 g\u00ec? 114","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG M\u00f4n n\u00e0y c\u00f2n qu\u00e1 m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00ean Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u00e1p xu\u00f4i x\u1ecb: - L\u00fd \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e0... l\u00fd \u0111o\u00e1n! Kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y, Phan Kh\u00f4i t\u00ecm ngay s\u00e1ch ch\u1eef H\u00e1n v\u00e0 ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 khoa l\u00fd lu\u1eadn h\u1ecdc. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 trao \u0111\u1ed5i, tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi c\u00e1c sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng cao \u0111\u1eb3ng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f3 l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u c\u00fa g\u1eaby g\u1ecdn, tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ec5 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed Nam Phong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, do kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch l\u1ed1i \u201ch\u1ecdc phi\u1ec7t\u201d c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh, Phan Kh\u00f4i b\u1ecf v\u00e0o Nam v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o L\u1ee5c t\u1ec9nh t\u00e2n v\u0103n. L\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian, \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i quay ra B\u1eafc c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi Th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p d\u00e2n b\u00e1o v\u00e0 t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed H\u1eefu Thanh. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f3 ai ng\u1edd l\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed1i chi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi b\u1ea3n ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecbch Kinh th\u00e1nh cho H\u1ed9i Tin L\u00e0nh. B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u00e2u c\u00fa g\u00e3y g\u1ecdn, trong s\u00e1ng, v\u0103n ph\u1ea1m chu\u1ea9n m\u1ef1c, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf m\u1ed9t tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n uy\u00ean th\u00e2m. Nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a bu\u00f4ng tha Phan Kh\u00f4i, ch\u00fang v\u1eabn b\u00ed m\u1eadt theo d\u00f5i. N\u0103m 1922, \u00f4ng b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ea5t B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e0o Nam. Nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n m\u00e0 \u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng t\u1eadn d\u01b0\u1edbi C\u00e0 Mau. Trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1ea1m tr\u00fa \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n, l\u00fac nh\u00e0n r\u1ed7i, \u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i khu\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi cho nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o ti\u1ebfng t\u0103m l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd l\u00e0 Dejean \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n An Ninh khi xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1edd La Cloche F\u00eal\u00e9e. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0, Dejean th\u00e0nh th\u1eadt khen ng\u1ee3i v\u00e0 khuy\u00ean \u00f4ng n\u00ean c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p. V\u1edbi t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi lao v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m b\u00e1o Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i n\u1ed5\u201d cho nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn vang d\u1ed9i t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec3n Nho gi\u00e1o - b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef t\u00e2n v\u0103n s\u1ed1 54, ra ng\u00e0y 29\/5\/1930 r\u1ed3i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ed1 b\u00e1o sau. Qua \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201cV\u00ec trong s\u1ef1 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1eef th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 quang minh ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta b\u1ebb b\u00e1c m\u00ecnh, m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n l\u1ebd n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111em m\u00e0 n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i, m\u00ecnh h\u1ebft l\u1ebd th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i t\u1ecf \u00fd ch\u1ecbu c\u00e1i thuy\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111i, n\u00f3i cho r\u00f5 ra h\u1ec5 thua th\u00ec ch\u1ecbu thua, ch\u1edb kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0m c\u00e1i th\u00f3i tr\u00f9 tr\u1ee3 cho qua vi\u1ec7c. T\u00f4i c\u0169ng 115","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 c\u00e3i nhau v\u1ec1 h\u1ecdc v\u1ea5n ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c cho ch\u00e2n l\u00fd. Th\u1ebf th\u00ec d\u1ea7u ti\u00ean sinh c\u00f3 h\u01a1n m\u00e0 t\u00f4i thua \u0111i n\u1eefa, c\u00e1i \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0m cho k\u1ebb vui ng\u01b0\u1eddi bu\u1ed3n gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4i ta, v\u00e0 n\u1ebfu t\u00f4i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb bi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng bu\u1ed3n, m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i l\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 ch\u00e2n l\u00fd \u0111\u1eafc th\u1eafng l\u00e0m vui\u201d. R\u1ed3i tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh v\u1ec1 l\u00fd lu\u1eadn Truy\u1ec7n Ki\u1ec1u. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y ch\u00ed s\u0129 Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c K\u1ebf c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh qua b\u00e0i \u201cLu\u1eadn v\u1ec1 ch\u00e1nh h\u1ecdc v\u00e0 t\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft\u201d, Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh kh\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng sau khi Ng\u00f4 \u0110\u1ee9c K\u1ebf qua \u0111\u1eddi, Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh m\u1edbi nh\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5y vi\u1ebft nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p v\u1ec1 ch\u00ed s\u0129 n\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 Phan Kh\u00f4i nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c, \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng k\u00edch Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc phi\u1ec7t \u2013 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef t\u00e2n v\u0103n s\u1ed1 62, ra ng\u00e0y 24\/7\/1930. Kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, qua n\u0103m 1931, Tr\u1ecbnh \u0110\u00ecnh R\u01b0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh cu\u1ed1n B\u1ea1ch V\u00e2n thi t\u1eadp do L\u00ea D\u01b0 bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n, c\u00f3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 qu\u1ed1c h\u1ecdc nh\u01b0 \u00f4ng L\u00ea D\u01b0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d. L\u00ea D\u01b0 l\u00ean ti\u1ebfng ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c l\u1ea1i Tr\u1ecbnh \u0110\u00ecnh R\u01b0 v\u00e0 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n c\u1ea3 Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh b\u1ed9i b\u1ea1c v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n - \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean b\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 18\/7\/1931. Cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn m\u1edbi m\u1edf m\u00e0n th\u00ec Phan Kh\u00f4i h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 k\u00e9o Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0o \u201cv\u00f2ng chi\u1ebfn\u201d. Ti\u1ebfp theo sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n tranh lu\u1eadn v\u1edbi T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0, Nguy\u1ec5n Ti\u1ebfn L\u00e3ng v\u1ec1 v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 lu\u00e2n l\u00fd, \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn n\u00e0y k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i thi s\u0129 T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0 n\u1ed5i c\u01a1n th\u1ecbnh n\u1ed9 mu\u1ed1n ph\u1ea1t Phan Kh\u00f4i \u201cba tr\u0103m roi\u201d! Nh\u01b0ng nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn, b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y, GS. Thanh L\u00e3ng \u2013 \u1ee6y vi\u00ean BCH H\u1ed9i nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y v\u0103n h\u1ecdc TP. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh nhi\u1ec7m k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u2013 c\u00f3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh x\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1ec1 Phan Kh\u00f4i: \u201cL\u00fd lu\u1eadn r\u1ea5t r\u1eafn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e0i c\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, cho n\u00ean th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3 k\u00edch kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u1eadn \u00f4ng. M\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u0169ng ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ec3 cho h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 gi\u1eadn. C\u00e1i h\u1ed3n nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0m cho c\u1ea3 th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gh\u00e9t th\u00ec c\u0169ng n\u1ec3 \u00f4ng\u201d. V\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cQu\u1ea3ng Nam hay c\u00e3i\u201d, Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u0169 th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u. Nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1eadn do \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a S\u00e0i G\u00f2n c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed t\u1ed1t, l\u00e0 c\u1ea3ng bi\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng giao l\u01b0u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ngu\u1ed3n v\u0103n h\u00f3a m\u00e0 Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng s\u1ed1ng n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2y. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ph\u00f3ng kho\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m h\u1ee9ng trong b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i. Do l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 \u1edf t\u1edd b\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef t\u00e2n 116","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG v\u0103n (s\u1ed1 10\/3\/1932) \u0111ang c\u1ef1c th\u1ecbnh \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, r\u1ed3i ngay t\u1edd Phong H\u00f3a c\u00f3 uy t\u00edn, c\u00f3 s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 cao nh\u1ea5t mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc in l\u1ea1i v\u00e0o s\u1ed1 Xu\u00e2n (24\/1\/1933) n\u00ean n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi \u201ckhai sinh\u201d \u0111\u1ee9a con tinh th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd Phan Kh\u00f4i c\u0169ng cho r\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y kh\u00e1 m\u1ea1o hi\u1ec3m n\u00ean \u00f4ng m\u1edbi c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ef1a \u201cM\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa l\u00e0ng th\u01a1\u201d v\u00e0 r\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3n sau c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u0111o\u1ea1n nh\u01b0: \u201cL\u00e2u nay, m\u1ed7i khi c\u00f3 h\u1ee9ng, t\u00f4i toan gi\u1edf ra ng\u00e2m v\u1ecbnh th\u00ec c\u00e1i h\u1ed3n th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i b\u1ecb l\u00fang t\u00fang. Th\u01a1 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u01b0? Th\u00ec \u00f4ng L\u00fd, \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed7, \u00f4ng B\u1ea1ch, \u00f4ng T\u00f4 cho\u00e1n trong \u0111\u1ea7u t\u00f4i r\u1ed3i. Th\u01a1 N\u00f4m \u01b0? Th\u00ec c\u1ee5 Ti\u00ean \u0110i\u1ec1n, B\u00e0 Huy\u1ec7n Thanh Quan \u0111\u00e8 ngang ng\u1ef1c l\u00e0m t\u00f4i th\u1edf kh\u00f4ng ra! C\u00e1i \u00fd n\u00e0o m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1eefa, th\u00ec \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111i \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i nghe nh\u01b0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u1ed3i. C\u00e1i \u00fd n\u00e0o ch\u01b0a n\u00f3i: m\u00ecnh mu\u1ed1n n\u00f3i ra th\u00ec l\u1ea1i b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c m\u00e0 n\u00f3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. T\u00e9 ra m\u00ecnh c\u1ee9 loanh quanh lu\u1ea9n qu\u1ea9n trong b\u00e0n tay h\u1ecd ho\u00e0i, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 d\u1ec5 t\u1ee9c. Duy t\u00e2n \u0111i! C\u1ea3i l\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111i!\u201d Nh\u1eefng d\u00f2ng t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi th\u01a1 ca, nay \u0111\u1ecdc l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y v\u1eabn c\u00f3 l\u00fd. Phan Kh\u00f4i vi\u1ebft ti\u1ebfp: \u201c\u0110\u1ea1i ph\u00e0m l\u00e0m th\u01a1 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea3 c\u1ea3nh, t\u01b0 t\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 ho\u1eb7c t\u00ecnh ho\u1eb7c c\u1ea3nh c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00fd ch\u1ed7 ch\u00e2n. L\u1ed1i th\u01a1 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a ta ng\u0169 ng\u00f4n hay th\u1ea5t ng\u00f4n t\u1ee9 tuy\u1ec7t hay lu\u1eadt th\u1ec3 th\u00ec n\u00f3 b\u1ecb c\u00e2u th\u00fac qu\u00e1. H\u1ec5 c\u00e2u th\u00fac th\u00ec n\u00f3 m\u1ea5t c\u00e1i ch\u00e2n \u0111i, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5t h\u1ebft c\u0169ng m\u1ea5t gi\u00e0 ph\u00e2n n\u1eeda. T\u00f4i nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y trong th\u01a1 ta c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng b\u1ec9 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e0i n\u1ea5y, c\u1ee9 nhau khen hay th\u00ec n\u00f3 l\u00e0 hay, ch\u1ee9 n\u1ebfu l\u1ed9t t\u1eadn x\u01b0\u01a1ng ra m\u00e0 xem th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i hay \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u. B\u1edfi v\u1eady, t\u00f4i s\u1eafp toan b\u00e0y ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. V\u00ec n\u00f3 ch\u01b0a th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c n\u00ean ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1eb7t t\u00ean k\u00eau l\u00e0 l\u1ed1i g\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, song c\u1ee9 th\u1ec3 c\u1eed c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd c\u1ee7a l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi n\u00e0y ra, l\u00e0: \u0111em th\u1eadt \u00fd trong t\u00e2m kh\u1ea3m t\u1ea3 ra b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u, c\u00f3 v\u1ea7n m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00f3 bu\u1ed9c b\u1edfi ni\u00eam lu\u1eadt g\u00ec h\u1ebft. \u1ea4y nh\u01b0 l\u00e0: \t\t\tT\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n n\u0103m x\u01b0a, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam v\u1eeba gi\u00f3 l\u1ea1i v\u1eeba m\u01b0a D\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u00e8n m\u1edd, trong gian nh\u00e0 nh\u1ecf Hai m\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u xanh k\u1ec1 nhau than th\u1edf: - \u00d4i \u0111\u00f4i ta, t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhau th\u00ec v\u1eabn n\u1eb7ng M\u00e0 l\u1ea5y nhau h\u1eb3n l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7ng 117","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i, t\u00ecnh tr\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u1ee5 sau Chi b\u1eb1ng s\u1edbm li\u1ec7u m\u00e0 bu\u00f4ng nhau! - Hay! M\u1edbi b\u1ea1c l\u00e0m sao ch\u1edb? Bu\u00f4ng nhau l\u00e0m sao cho n\u1ee1! Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o hay ch\u1eebng n\u1ea5y Ch\u1eb3ng qua \u00f4ng Tr\u1eddi b\u1eaft \u0111\u00f4i ta ph\u1ea3i v\u1eady! Ta l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n ng\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e2u ph\u1ea3i v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng M\u00e0 t\u00ednh vi\u1ec7c th\u1ee7y chung? Hai m\u01b0\u01a1i b\u1ed1n n\u0103m sau. T\u00ecnh c\u1edd \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch g\u1eb7p nhau... \u0110\u00f4i c\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ea1c. N\u1ebfu ch\u1eb3ng quen lung \u0111\u1ed1 nh\u00ecn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00d4n chuy\u1ec7n c\u0169 m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Li\u1ebfc \u0111\u01b0a nhau \u0111i r\u1ed3i Con m\u1eaft c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111u\u00f4i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 b\u00e0i th\u01a1 t\u00f4i l\u00e0m tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng m\u00e0 t\u00f4i k\u00eau l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. Ch\u1eb3ng qua l\u00e0 t\u00f4i hi\u1ebfu s\u1ef1, nh\u01b0ng v\u00ec t\u00f4i h\u1ebft ch\u1ed7 \u1edf trong v\u00f2ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 c\u0169, t\u00f4i ph\u1ea3i \u0111i ki\u1ebfm mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, m\u00e0 mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t t\u00f4i k\u00e8m theo \u0111\u00f3, ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1eb3ng bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng, n\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111em ra tr\u00ecnh ch\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa l\u00e0ng th\u01a1. Ch\u1eb3ng ph\u1ea3i t\u00f4i l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb thanh ni\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u1ea5y m\u00e0 b\u1ecb th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. T\u00f4i d\u1ea1i g\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111i theo c\u00e1i d\u1ea5u xe \u0111\u00e3 \u00fap? Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ebft ch\u1ed7 hay r\u1ed3i, ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf \u0111\u00f4 m\u00e0 v\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau tan, ta ph\u1ea3i ki\u1ebfm n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4. T\u00f4i c\u1ea7m ch\u1eafc vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ec1 x\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i s\u1ebd th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i tin r\u1eb1ng sau n\u00e0y c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i m\u00e0 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng\u201d. L\u1eddi ti\u00ean tri c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, trong n\u1ec1n thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf ra c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o th\u01a1 m\u1edbi \u2013 \u0111\u1ec9nh cao t\u1eeb 1932-1945 \u2013 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef, H\u00e0n M\u1eb7c T\u1eed, Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Huy C\u1eadn, L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0, B\u00edch Kh\u00ea v.v... Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn vinh quang n\u00e0y, gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u0169 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0. K\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3, b\u00e1o Ph\u1ee5 N\u1eef t\u00e2n v\u0103n \u0111\u0103ng th\u01a1 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Manh Manh, H\u1ed3 V\u0103n H\u1ea3o... R\u1ed3i b\u00e1o Phong H\u00f3a c\u0169ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u0103ng th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef, V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Li\u00ean, Ph\u1ea1m 118","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG Huy Th\u00f4ng... v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch th\u01a1 c\u0169. V\u1eeba tranh lu\u1eadn tr\u00ean b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, h\u1ecd l\u1ea1i di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1933, n\u1eef s\u0129 gan d\u1ea1 l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Manh Manh l\u00ean di\u1ec5n \u0111\u00e0n H\u1ed9i khuy\u1ebfn h\u1ecdc Nam K\u1ef3 c\u1ed5 v\u0169 cho th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. R\u1ed3i nh\u1eefng n\u0103m k\u1ebf ti\u1ebfp, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft b\u00eanh v\u1ef1c cho th\u01a1 m\u1edbi \u2013 nh\u01b0 L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0 \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, \u0110\u1ed7 \u0110\u00ecnh V\u01b0\u1ee3ng, Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u1eedu \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Li\u00ean \u1edf Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh... Phe \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 th\u01a1 c\u0169 c\u0169ng \u0111\u0103ng \u0111\u00e0n ph\u1ea3n ph\u00e1o T\u1edd b\u00e1o do Phan Kh\u00f4i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng (1936) l\u1ea1i \u2013 nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Hanh \u1edf S\u00e0i G\u00f2n.. v\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn di\u1ec5n ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 tham gia c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0, T\u00f9ng L\u00e2m, Th\u00e1i Ph\u1ec9, Ho\u00e0ng Duy T\u1eeb v.v... Nh\u00e0 ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh Ho\u00e0i Thanh nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: \u201cTrong m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m \u1ea5y, th\u01a1 m\u1edbi \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh g\u1eaft gao v\u1edbi th\u01a1 c\u0169, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng, m\u1ed9t b\u00ean gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u01a1 m\u1edbi to\u00e0n th\u1eafng. Trong s\u1ef1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u1ea5y, c\u0169ng c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea3 xung h\u1eefu \u0111\u1ed9t n\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft l\u00e0 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. T\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng so s\u00e1nh c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n Du \u0111\u1ec3 xem ai h\u01a1n ai k\u00e9m. \u0110\u1eddi x\u01b0a c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc k\u1ef3 t\u00e0i \u0111\u1eddi nay kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1nh k\u1ecbp. \u0110\u1eebng l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi. H\u00e3y s\u00e1nh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. T\u00f4i quy\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i phong ph\u00fa nh\u01b0 th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i n\u00e0y. Ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t h\u1ed3n th\u01a1 r\u1ed9ng m\u1edf nh\u01b0 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef, m\u01a1 m\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0, h\u00f9ng tr\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 Huy Th\u00f4ng, trong s\u00e1ng nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Nh\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p, \u1ea3o n\u00e3o nh\u01b0 Huy C\u1eadn, qu\u00ea m\u00f9a nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00ednh, k\u1ef3 d\u1ecb nh\u01b0 Ch\u1ebf Lan Vi\u00ean... v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft tha, r\u1ea1o r\u1ef1c, b\u0103n kho\u0103n nh\u01b0 Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, t\u1eeb b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 n\u00e0y, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e2u l\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00e2u 119","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u0169 m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu l\u00e0 th\u01a1 hay th\u00ec n\u00f3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i, c\u00f2n th\u01a1 d\u1edf th\u00ec nhanh ch\u00f3ng b\u1ecb l\u00e3ng qu\u00ean. Sau khi tr\u00ecnh l\u00e0ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, Phan Kh\u00f4i c\u00f2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c tranh lu\u1eadn, b\u00fat chi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c n\u1eefa. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng m\u1ec7t m\u1ecfi. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1936, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o Hu\u1ebf c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi b\u00e1o Tr\u00e0ng An, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1eadp Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng D\u00e2n thi tho\u1ea1i, ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft Tr\u1edf v\u1ecf ra l\u1eeda. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam cho \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. Tru\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3, th\u00e1ng 2\/1945, Nguy\u1ec5n B\u00e1 Tr\u00e1c c\u00f3 l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn nh\u00e0 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u00f4ng tham gia ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim s\u1ebd th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nay mai sau khi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c, Phan Kh\u00f4i c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 coi khinh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Khi cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean h\u0103ng h\u00e1i x\u00f4ng ra chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ed1ng trong sinh kh\u00ed m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 hay nh\u01b0 Th\u0103m b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9i: V\u01b0\u1ee3t n\u00fai tr\u00e8o non t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, V\u1ec1 th\u0103m anh ngh\u1ec9 d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u00e2n m\u00e2y. Ch\u00fac anh kh\u1ecfe m\u1ea1nh r\u1ed3i ra tr\u1eadn, M\u00e1u s\u1ee9c c\u00e0ng h\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh T\u00e2y. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ebfn bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp th\u00e0nh, T\u00f4i d\u00f9 gi\u00e0 r\u1ee5i \u1edf qu\u00ea anh. C\u0169ng \u0111\u00e0nh nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng \u00e2n h\u1eadn, N\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed3 nghe kh\u00fac th\u00e1i b\u00ecnh. Trong b\u00e1o V\u0103n Ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 11\/12\/1949, c\u00f3 b\u00e0i t\u01b0\u1eddng thu\u1eadt l\u00fac ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n, \u0111i v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh Phan Kh\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 62 xu\u00e2n: \u201cV\u00e0 qu\u1eafc th\u01b0\u1edbc, nghi\u00eam ngh\u1ecb, t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ea5y l\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan Kh\u00f4i. C\u00e1i ba l\u00f4 n\u1eb1m nghi\u00eang tr\u00ean l\u01b0ng, c\u00e2y g\u1eady b\u1ecbt \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0 t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng v\u00e0 l\u1eddi n\u00f3i c\u1ee5... Khi c\u1ee5 b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00ean b\u1ee5c, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 s\u1ee3 c\u1ee5 y\u1ebfu, \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee5. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea9y tay anh ra. Trong th\u00e2m t\u00e2m c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i gi\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ri\u00eang bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3i. M\u1eaft c\u1ee5 h\u01a1i ng\u01a1 ng\u00e1c, nh\u01b0ng tr\u00ean g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc, h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 tho\u00e1ng m\u1ed9t n\u00e9t c\u01b0\u1eddi. 120","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG V\u0103n Cao, T\u00fa M\u1ee1, Phan Kh\u00f4i v\u00e0 T\u1ed1 H\u1eefu t\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc th\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p - T\u00f4i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111o\u00e0n vi\u00ean trong \u0111o\u00e0n v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 \u0111i chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch th\u1ebf m\u00e0 t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00ean n\u00f3i, l\u00e0 v\u00ec t\u00f4i nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ed5i, gi\u00e0 m\u00e0 \u0111i th\u00ec c\u0169ng l\u1ea1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat. T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 xin gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch th\u1ebf n\u00e0y. Chuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y t\u00f4i \u0111i v\u1edbi ai? T\u00f4i \u0111i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u00ean, ch\u1eafc l\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u00ean s\u1ebd lo ng\u1ea1i, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1i anh gi\u00e0 n\u00e0y \u0111i s\u1ebd l\u00e0m h\u1ecd v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00edu. V\u1eady xin B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy n\u00f3i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u00ean r\u1eb1ng: t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y t\u00f4i \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ba b\u1ed1n ch\u1ee5c c\u00e2y s\u1ed1. V\u00e0 t\u00f4i xin h\u1ee9a r\u1eb1ng \u2013 c\u1ee5 d\u1eb1n t\u1eebng ti\u1ebfng \u2013 trong khi \u0111i, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m phi\u1ec1n B\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy, kh\u00f4ng phi\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng V\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a t\u00f4i v\u1ec1. M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i \u0111i chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u00e0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? L\u00e0 nh\u00ecn s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt m\u00e0 vi\u1ebft... C\u00f2n nh\u01b0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt s\u1eaft l\u00e0 hai, t\u00f4i ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng... L\u1eddi c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2y, nh\u01b0 t\u1eebng nh\u00e1t b\u00faa, m\u1eaft c\u1ee5 long lanh: - Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i mu\u1ed1n ch\u1ecbu. C\u1ee5 v\u00e1c g\u1eady v\u1ec1 ch\u1ed7, ch\u1ed1ng g\u1eady nh\u00ecn l\u00ean. Ti\u1ebfng hoan h\u00f4 nh\u01b0 n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2ng. Tr\u0103m con m\u1eaft ch\u00e2u tu\u1ea7n v\u00e0o c\u1ee5. Nh\u1ea1c binh t\u1ea5u b\u1ea3n nh\u1ea1c L\u00ean \u0111\u00e0ng l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng\u201d. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 Phan Kh\u00f4i b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ebft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m ng\u00f4n ng\u1eef h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1edbi t\u00e2m nguy\u1ec7n r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00e1ng qu\u00fd: \u201cHi\u1ec7n nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 gi\u00e1o, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 c\u00e1i tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m cho ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n l\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1eadc ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9. Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n m\u1ef9 th\u00ec 121","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea9y v\u0103n h\u1ecdc, khoa h\u1ecdc ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, m\u1edbi ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, cho qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111i nhanh tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i. Ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u1ebfu c\u00f2n c\u1ee9 \u1edf c\u00e1i tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169 th\u00ec d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfn \u0111i \u0111\u00e2u n\u1eefa c\u0169ng ch\u1eadm l\u1eafm\u201d. S\u00e1ch n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c in t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i sau ng\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 n\u0103m 1954. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb, Phan Kh\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c x\u00f4ng x\u00e1o tr\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u0103n tr\u1eadn b\u00fat m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00edch c\u1ef1c trong ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. Trong th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n qu\u00e2n t\u1eadp k\u1ebft theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh Gen\u00e8ve, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed v\u00e0o ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111i th\u0103m Li\u00ean khu 5, n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u1ec1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i t\u1ea1i hai cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt-tinh l\u1edbn \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i v\u00e0 B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh. Sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc, n\u0103m 1956, Phan Kh\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1ed9 V\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 c\u1eed sang B\u1eafc Kinh (Trung Qu\u1ed1c) d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m 100 n\u0103m sinh v\u0103n h\u00e0o L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n. Nh\u00e2n d\u1ecbp n\u00e0y, cu\u1ed1i b\u00e0i ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 ch\u1eef H\u00e1n \u201cT\u1ee5ng L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n\u201d (Ca t\u1ee5ng L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n) \u2013 sau \u0111\u00f3 t\u1edd Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u0111\u0103ng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u00e0y: Phan Kh\u00f4i t\u1ea1i l\u1ec5 k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c (1956) 122","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG \t\t Ca t\u1ee5ng L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n Ph\u1ea3n b\u00e1c l\u1eddi Kh\u1ed5ng T\u1eed kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e1ng \u00d4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 l\u00fac n\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 r\u01a1i \t \t\t\t\t\t\t\t xu\u1ed1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c dung tha b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 n\u00e0o Ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi d\u1ea1y c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea1o Gia t\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i y\u00eau k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nh\u01b0 b\u1ea1n Mao ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng L\u1ed7 T\u1ea5n l\u00e0 \u00f4ng th\u00e1nh c\u1ee7a \t\t\t\t\t\t giai c\u1ea5p v\u00f4 s\u1ea3n T\u00f4i tin t\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc l\u1eddi x\u01b0ng t\u1ee5ng \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 c\u00f3 sai l\u1ea7m \u0110\u00e3 ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m nay t\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Gi\u1eadn ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t May l\u00e0m sao tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac xu\u00f4i tay nh\u1eafm m\u1eaft T\u00f4i c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \t\t\t\t\t (B\u1ea3n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a Phan Nam Sinh) Phan Kh\u00f4i m\u1ea5t l\u00fac 11 gi\u1edd tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 16\/1\/1959 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 ri\u00eang s\u1ed1 73 ph\u1ed1 Thu\u1ed1c B\u1eafc \u2013 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, th\u1ecd 72 xu\u00e2n. \u00d4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00f4n \u1edf ngh\u0129a trang H\u1ee3p Thi\u1ec7n. Trong chi\u1ebfn tranh, ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5t l\u1ea1c. Nay nh\u00ecn l\u1ea1i cu\u1ed9c tranh lu\u1eadn gi\u1eefa th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u0169, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1 b\u1ecf l\u1ed1i th\u01a1 ng\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n n\u0103m tr\u00ean thi \u0111\u00e0n v\u00e0 d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, th\u00ec d\u1eabu mu\u1ed1n ho\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i ghi nh\u1eadn b\u00e0i th\u01a1 T\u00ecnh gi\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Phan Kh\u00f4i. 123","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM TH\u1ebe L\u1eee Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c trong th\u01a1 v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef (1907-1989) \u201cNg\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng Ph\u00e1p r\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eadm l\u00e0 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef. Nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng nh\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam). c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ra \u0111\u1eddi t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u 1933 \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i 1934 (tuy c\u00f3 b\u00e0i l\u00e0m t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1928). Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac ng\u01b0\u1eddi thanh ni\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u1eadp trong qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn c\u1ed5 th\u00ec Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u01b0a v\u1ec1 cho h\u1ecd c\u00e1i h\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb ph\u01b0\u01a1ng xa. T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 M\u1ea5y v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 li\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t thi s\u0129 v\u00e0 nh\u1edd th\u1ebf l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 m\u1edbi sau n\u00e0y...C\u00e1i vinh quang r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00e8m thu\u1ed3ng\u201d; \u201c\u0110\u1ed9 \u1ea5y th\u01a1 m\u1edbi v\u1eeba ra \u0111\u1eddi, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef nh\u01b0 v\u1eebng sao \u0111\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7n \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng ch\u00f3i kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 tr\u1eddi th\u01a1 Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (Ho\u00e0i Thanh \u2013 Thi \u201c\u00d4ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t thi s\u0129 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. Phan Kh\u00f4i v\u00e0 L\u01b0u Tr\u1ecdng L\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01a1 m\u1edbi m\u00e0 th\u00f4i, c\u00f2n Th\u1ebf L\u1eef m\u1edbi ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta tin c\u1eady \u1edf t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 m\u1edbi. Th\u01a1 \u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi \u1edf l\u1eddi m\u00e0 c\u00f2n m\u1edbi \u1edf \u00fd n\u1eefa. Nh\u1eefng \u00fd \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00f4 di\u1ec5n v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed3ng n\u00e0n, l\u00e0m cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed5n th\u1ee9c, say s\u01b0a\u201d; \u201c\u00f4ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng n\u1eefa, v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft, \u00f4ng chuy\u00ean vi\u1ebft hai lo\u1ea1i: r\u00f9ng r\u1ee3n, gh\u00ea r\u1ee3n v\u00e0 lo\u1ea1i trinh 124","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG th\u00e1m\u201d; \u201cl\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft gia c\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t t\u00e0i\u201d (V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Phan \u2013 Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i). \u201cTh\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u00d4ng c\u0169ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n s\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0a k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i t\u1eeb tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u1ec7p d\u01b0 l\u00ean chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p. Trong khi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 th\u1ec9nh tho\u1ea3ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i v\u1edbi l\u00fd do quy\u00ean g\u00f3p ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c thi\u1ec7n \u2013 th\u00ec Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u1ea7n l\u01b0\u1ee3t l\u1eadp ba ban chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1eb1ng ti\u1ec1n b\u00e1n v\u00e9: Ban k\u1ecbch Tinh hoa(1938), ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef (1941), Ban k\u1ecbch Anh V\u0169 (1943). X\u00e9t v\u1ec1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n n\u00e0y, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ra n\u1ec1n k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d (D\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ee9c \u2013 L\u1eddi truy \u0111i\u1ec7u Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Vi\u1ec7t Nam). Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf \u2013 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng c\u00e2y b\u00fat tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n, khi l\u00e0m b\u00e1o Phong h\u00f3a, Ng\u00e0y nay \u2013 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o x\u00f4ng x\u00e1o, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng vi\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng s\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 vi\u1ebft b\u00ecnh th\u01a1 trong m\u1ee5c \u201cTin v\u0103n...v\u1eafn\u201d v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i v\u0103n tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang, h\u00e0i h\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi b\u00fat danh L\u00ea Ta(1), L\u00ea Ng\u00e3... Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u2013 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi r\u1ea5t t\u00e0i hoa \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 m\u00ecnh: T\u00f4i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh phi\u00eau l\u00e3ng \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ea7n gian xu\u00f4i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 vui ch\u01a1i... \u00d4ng t\u00ean th\u1eadt l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ee9 L\u1ec5 v\u00ec l\u00e0 con th\u1ee9, n\u00ean k\u00fd b\u00fat danh Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ebf L\u1eef, m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i l\u00e1i t\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u2013 sau khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh c\u1ea3 m\u1ea5t th\u00ec b\u1ecf ch\u1eef Th\u1ee9; l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n c\u00f3 t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh L\u1ec5 n\u00ean k\u00fd b\u00fat danh \u0110\u1ec1 L\u0129nh; l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Th\u1ea3o (v\u00ec b\u1ed1 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Thu\u1eadn), sau v\u00ec tr\u00f9ng t\u00ean v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong h\u1ecd n\u00ean b\u1ecf. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef sinh ng\u00e0y 6\/10\/1907 t\u1ea1i \u1ea5p Th\u00e1i H\u00e0 (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). Thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf, \u00f4ng s\u1ed1ng \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n do b\u1ed1 l\u00e0m s\u1ebfp ga n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f3 l\u1ebd phong c\u1ea3nh r\u1eebng n\u00fai n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng s\u00e2u 1\t B\u00fat danh n\u00e0y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y nay nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0: \u201cTh\u1ebf L\u1eef m\u1eebng xu\u00e2n hai th\u1ee9 l\u1ec5, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 l\u00ea ta, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 l\u00ea t\u00e2y\u201d; c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i nh\u01b0: \u201cT\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea3 t\u00e0n, \u1ea5y l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu ch\u00e9n? \u1ea5y l\u00e0 hi\u1ebfu \u1ea5m?\u201d (Nguy\u1ec5n Kh\u1eafc Hi\u1ebfu l\u00e0 t\u00ean th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0), ho\u1eb7c \u201cT\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2n \u0103n t\u1ebft m\u1ea5y l\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng, hai chai \u1edf B\u1ea7n, hai chai... h\u00e0ng x\u00f3m! (T\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2n l\u00e0 t\u00ean th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1ch Lam), ho\u1eb7c \u201cT\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e2n \u0103n t\u1ebft m\u1ea5y T\u1ea7n Lang, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ch\u00e8 b\u00e1nh, c\u00f3 c\u1ea3 ch\u00e8 th\u1ea1ch\u201d (T\u1ea7n Lang l\u00e0 b\u00fat danh c\u1ee7a Th\u1ea1ch Lam), ho\u1eb7c \u201cL\u1ec7 Chi h\u00f4m t\u1ebft b\u1ea3o ch\u1ecb L\u00ea, v\u1ef9 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 \u0111u\u00f4i, hay ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 l\u1edbn\u201d (L\u1ec7 Chi l\u00e0 b\u00fat danh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n V\u1ef9) v.v... 125","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM s\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng trang v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef sau n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng k\u1ec3: \u201cNg\u00e0y c\u00f2n b\u00e9, nh\u1eefng khi \u1edf v\u1edbi cha, l\u00eau l\u1ed5ng, kh\u00f4ng ai ng\u0103n gi\u1eef. Trong khi \u1ea5y ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac v\u1edbi thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, th\u00ec c\u00e1i s\u1ee3 nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n l\u00e0 c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p. R\u1eebng n\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7y v\u1ebb b\u00ed m\u1eadt. Chuy\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn k\u1ec3 cho nghe to\u00e0n l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n gh\u00ea s\u1ee3: chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a, chuy\u1ec7n th\u1ed5 ph\u1ec9, chuy\u1ec7n ma c\u00e0 r\u1ed3ng, ma g\u00e0; \u00f4ng ch\u00fa xem h\u1ecd x\u1eed ch\u00e9m ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf b\u00ean kia bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, v\u1ec1 k\u1ec3, l\u00e0m t\u00f4i s\u1ee3. Thu\u1edf \u1ea5y, ti\u1ebfng chim k\u00eau nghe ra c\u0169ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng \u00e2m vang gh\u00ea s\u1ee3. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c: nh\u1eefng t\u00ean th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p. T\u00f4i s\u1ee3 T\u00e2y \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i cu\u1ed1i ph\u1ed1 th\u1ea5y T\u00e2y r\u00e2u x\u1ed3m, t\u00f4i h\u00e9t Th\u1ebf L\u1eef th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y Nay l\u00ean, ch\u1ea1y! N\u00f3 mu\u1ed1n m\u01a1n t\u00f4i, m\u00f3c ra (1936) m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng xu m\u1edbi v\u00e0ng ch\u00f3i, cho; t\u00f4i c\u00e0ng s\u1ee3. \u1ede L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n x\u01b0a: nh\u1edb th\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 s\u1ee3. ... N\u0103m 1924, t\u00f4i thi \u0111\u1ed7 s\u01a1 h\u1ecdc, r\u1ed3i \u1ed1m m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Linh m\u1ee5c c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o b\u1ea3o \u201cl\u1ea5y v\u1ee3 cho n\u00f3\u201d. M\u1eb9 x\u00e1ch \u0111i d\u1ea1m v\u1ee3; th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00f4i l\u1eadp gia \u0111\u00ecnh l\u00fac 17 tu\u1ed5i! C\u00f3 v\u1ee3 r\u1ed3i, v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng Th\u00e0nh chung H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng.\u201d Nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc ba n\u0103m th\u00ec Th\u1ebf L\u1eef b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc. N\u0103m 1929-1930 l\u00ean H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i thi v\u00e0o tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1eadu ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 h\u1ecdc d\u1ef1 th\u00ednh, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau \u00f4ng b\u1ecf v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, c\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u1eeda b\u1ea3n in cho b\u00e1o Volont\u00e9 Indochinoise (\u00dd mu\u1ed1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng). H\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng m\u1ea3nh kh\u1ea3nh, \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 \u201cc\u00e1t\u201d, \u0111i \u0111\u00f4i gu\u1ed1c g\u1ed7, m\u1eb7c qu\u1ea7n \u00e1o ta (qu\u1ea7n ch\u00f9ng \u00e1o d\u00e0i) qu\u1eb9o t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m qua v\u01b0\u1eddn B\u00e1ch Th\u1ea3o xu\u1ed1ng t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n n\u1eb1m \u1edf ph\u1ed1 C\u1eeda B\u1eafc. Khi ngang qua v\u01b0\u1eddn B\u00e1ch Th\u1ea3o, \u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn c\u1ea3nh m\u1ea5y ch\u00fa T\u00e2y con r\u1ee7 nhau \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ecdc ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng con h\u1ed5 \u201cB\u1ecb ngang b\u1ea7y c\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn g\u1ea5u d\u1edf h\u01a1i. V\u1edbi c\u1eb7p b\u00e1o chu\u1ed3ng b\u00ean v\u00f4 t\u01b0 l\u1ef1\u201d... H\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh con h\u1ed5 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn \u201cV\u1edbi khi th\u00e9t kh\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca d\u1eef d\u1ed9i\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u201cH\u1ee1i c\u1ea3nh r\u1eebng gh\u00ea g\u1edbm 126","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG c\u1ee7a ta \u01a1i!\u201d \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u1eeba b\u1ecb th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p d\u00ecm trong m\u00e1u, th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf Robin h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m bom t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 c\u1ea3 l\u00e0ng C\u1ed5 Am (H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng) \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t h\u1ebft qu\u00e2n \u201cphi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n\u201d \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u, r\u1ed3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i \u00e2n x\u00e1 c\u1ee5 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, \u0111\u00e1m tang c\u1ee5 Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh v\u1edbi h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc tham d\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 hi\u1ec7n v\u1ec1 trong t\u00e2m tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ed1 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1eb3ng kh\u00e1c g\u00ec con h\u1ed5 \u0111ang \u201cG\u1eb7m m\u1ed9t kh\u1ed1i c\u0103m h\u1eddn trong c\u0169i s\u1eaft\u201d. T\u1ee9 th\u01a1 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh d\u1ea7n trong \u0111\u1ea7u... R\u1ed3i m\u1ed9t tr\u01b0a h\u00e8 n\u1eafng g\u1eaft, ng\u1ed3i ngh\u1ec9 ch\u00e2n trong v\u01b0\u1eddn B\u00e1ch Th\u00fa, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i th\u01a1 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y. Ch\u00ednh th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u vi\u1ebft l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c chuy\u1ec7n ma qu\u00e1i m\u00e0 thu\u1edf nh\u1ecf \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 nghe k\u1ec3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ecdc cho b\u1ea1n b\u00e8 c\u00f9ng nghe. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn M\u1ed9t chuy\u1ec7n b\u00e1o th\u00f9 gh\u00ea g\u1edbm, Ti\u1ebfng h\u00fa h\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ee5 k\u00e9, Ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i th\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft... V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Li\u00ean khuy\u00ean l\u00e0 n\u00ean \u0111em xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 thu h\u00fat \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, \u00f4ng k\u00fd th\u00eam t\u00ean t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u00e0o Th\u1ecb T\u00f4 vi\u1ebft chung v\u1edbi Th\u1ebf L\u1eef. T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y do nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n T\u00e2n D\u00e2n c\u1ee7a V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Long in \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Sau khi tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, \u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ebft V\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1u... C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm cho m\u00ecnh m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i ri\u00eang, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi. \u201cC\u00e1i \u00fd ph\u00e1 nh\u1eefng l\u1ec1 l\u1ed1i tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c l\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t qu\u00e1n trong t\u00f4i; tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec7n, t\u00f4i c\u0169ng mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 th\u00f3i quen. Trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, ch\u1ee9a ch\u1ea5t nh\u1eefng t\u00ecnh c\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u1ec1 y\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 bao nhi\u00eau ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec7n t\u00ecnh r\u1ed3i, m\u00ecnh c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1eefa; cho n\u00ean t\u00f4i t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ph\u00eda kh\u00e1c, m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ch kh\u00e1c\u201d. Ch\u00ednh \u00fd mu\u1ed1n \u201ctr\u00e1i kho\u00e1y\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o cho Th\u1ebf L\u1eef m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, v\u00e0o h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng M\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt kh\u00f3a 1925-1926 c\u00f3 Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u00ec b\u1ecf h\u1ecdc, \u0111i Ph\u00e1p. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1930, tr\u00ean chuy\u1ebfn t\u00e0u Compi\u00e8gne, Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 h\u0103m h\u1edf th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ho\u00e0i b\u00e3o l\u1edbn lao c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c nghi\u1ec7p, n\u1ebfu phong tr\u00e0o Duy t\u00e2n l\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c d\u1ea1y h\u1ecdc th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam l\u1ea5y b\u00e1o ch\u00ed l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec3m xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t. T\u1edd b\u00e1o 127","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang Phong h\u00f3a (b\u1ed9 m\u1edbi) s\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ra ng\u00e0y 22.9.1932, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta th\u1ea5y nh\u1eefng t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i m\u1edbi, ch\u01b0a m\u1ea5y ai bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 Nh\u1ea5t Linh (b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam), Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng, T\u00fa M\u1ee1, T\u1ee9 Linh, Th\u1ea1ch Lam... Nh\u01b0ng l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang l\u1edbn trong d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft tinh \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u00e3o luy\u1ec7n, khi \u0111\u1ecdc truy\u1ec7n ng\u1eafn M\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam tr\u0103ng in tr\u00ean b\u00e1o N\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ed3i truy\u1ec7n V\u00e0ng v\u00e0 m\u00e1u d\u1ecbch ra ti\u1ebfng Ph\u00e1p d\u01b0\u1edbi nhan \u0111\u1ec1 L\u2019or et le sang in tr\u00ean b\u00e1o France-Annam k\u00fd t\u00ean Th\u1ebf L\u1eef - nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n ly k\u1ef3, l\u1eddi v\u0103n bay T\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n - b\u01b0\u1edbm, gi\u00e0u nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh m\u00e0 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef trong ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp \u1ea3nh n\u00ean Nh\u1ea5t Linh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ef1 nh\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm cho b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ch\u00e2n t\u00e0i \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1eddi c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c. D\u1ecbp may \u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u00e1o Phong h\u00f3a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c trao gi\u1ea3i cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i thi vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec7n c\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea1i tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n 80 Quan Th\u00e1nh. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn gi\u1ea3i th\u00ec Nh\u1ea5t Linh \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1t s\u1eafng m\u1eddi \u00f4ng v\u00e0o ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n. Nh\u00f3m n\u00e0y ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1933 g\u1ed3m b\u1ea3y th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean nh\u01b0 nh\u00f3m Th\u1ea5t tinh c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p: Nh\u1ea5t Linh, T\u00fa M\u1ee1, Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ea1o,Th\u1ea1ch Lam, Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Gia Tr\u00ed (v\u1ec1 sau c\u00f2n c\u00f3 th\u00eam Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Tr\u1ea7n Ti\u00eau). Theo \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a GS Ho\u00e0ng Xu\u00e2n H\u00e3n: \u201c\u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng th\u1ea5m nhu\u1ea7n v\u0103n 128","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam ti\u1ebfp thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1edd m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng chung quanh: gia \u0111\u00ecnh, b\u1ea1n b\u00e8, s\u00e1ch v\u1edf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 quan s\u00e1t c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u l\u00e0 Trung h\u1ecdc Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng. Th\u1ee7 l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng B\u00eca t\u1eadp M\u1ea5y v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 Tam (Nh\u1ea5t Linh) \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea5n th\u00e2n v\u00e0o con c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi b\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1n Nho phong xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (1935) n\u0103m 1926. Ti\u1ebfp theo \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng sang Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 b\u1ed9 m\u00f4n khoa h\u1ecdc. L\u00fac v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u0103ng h\u00e1i l\u00f4i k\u00e9o c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0o con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi \u1ea5y theo m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch th\u1ee9 hai: ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng c\u0169, \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t quan \u0111i\u1ec3m Nho gi\u00e1o l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. \u0110\u1ec3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 \u1ea5y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm: t\u1edd Phong h\u00f3a v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1932 v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng \u0111i\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb trung, r\u1ea5t t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng ch\u00fat t\u00f4n k\u00ednh nh\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1ecbn. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed cho ph\u00e9p c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m \u0111\u0103ng th\u1eed nh\u1eefng t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 v\u00e0 c\u00f3 khi b\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 nh\u00f3m \u1ea5y kh\u00f4ng th\u00edch. T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m \u1ea5y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. H\u1ed3n b\u01b0\u1edbm m\u01a1 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng, \u0110o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ea5t Linh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ki\u1ec7t t\u00e1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 k\u00edch th\u00edch c\u1ed5 v\u0169 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ngay c\u1ea3 ngo\u00e0i nh\u00f3m n\u1eefa. Sau \u0111\u00f3 nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. H\u1ecd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i: s\u1ef1 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u1eefng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, Nho gi\u00e1o l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. H\u1ecd \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9: ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt d\u00e2n gian, v\u0103n phong gi\u1ea3n d\u1ecb, tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb, c\u00e1i \u0111\u1eb9p, cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u v\u00ec h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c x\u1ee9 s\u1edf, t\u1ef1 do c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n tinh th\u1ea7n khoa h\u1ecdc v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nh\u00f3m \u00e2n c\u1ea7n m\u1eddi gia nh\u1eadp nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m c\u00f9ng chung tinh th\u1ea7n \u1ea5y, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n hung h\u0103ng nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u1ea1nh tranh trong ngh\u1ec1 (ri\u00eang l\u1ebb hay th\u00e0nh nh\u00f3m)... 129","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u00e0, t\u1edd b\u00e1o c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9. T\u1edd t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang b\u1ecb c\u1ea5m, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i thay t\u00ean b\u1eb1ng Ng\u00e0y nay r\u1ed3i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn th\u1ee9 hai. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n hay t\u1ef1 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh cho nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i n\u0103ng tr\u1ebb: v\u0103n s\u0129, k\u1ecbch t\u00e1c gia, thi s\u0129... c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i \u1ea5y. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1ebf, t\u00f4i \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00ean k\u1ec3 r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e1i Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi: Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u, Huy C\u1eadn... Nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt T\u00fa M\u1ee1 t\u00e0i ba c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00e0o ph\u00fang l\u00e0m n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i d\u1edf kh\u00f3c d\u1edf c\u01b0\u1eddi. T\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m duy nh\u1ea5t nh\u01b0ng l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 l\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a n\u1ec1n v\u0103n h\u1ecdc hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i\u201d(1). C\u01a1 quan ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c v\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n ngo\u00e0i t\u1edd Phong H\u00f3a, Ng\u00e0y Nay th\u00ec c\u00f2n \u0111o\u00e0n \u00c1nh S\u00e1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1eddi nay. Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y Nay, th\u00ec nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1eddi nay \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf t\u1ea1i 80 Quan Th\u00e1nh (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n s\u00e1ch theo 4 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m: \u201c1. T\u00ecm t\u00f2i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch h\u1ecd, l\u00e0m cho nh\u00e0 v\u0103n v\u00e0 t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn; 2. S\u0103n s\u00f3c \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch in, l\u1ed1i tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y cho c\u00f3 m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c kh\u1ecfi b\u0129u m\u00f4i khinh b\u1ec9 khi c\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi Annam. Cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi v\u0103n trong s\u00e1ch; 3. L\u00e0m m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00f4i gi\u1edbi s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng tin c\u1ea9n gi\u1eefa ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc s\u00e1ch. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n ra mua cho x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0ng v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch, coi c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c vi\u1ebft s\u00e1ch nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 h\u1eb3n hoi, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n cho s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a v\u0103n h\u00f3a n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0; 4. Nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u00f4n ch\u1ec9 noi theo th\u1eadn tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n m\u1ed9t t\u1edd b\u00e1o\u201d. Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ebfn nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a l\u1ed7i th\u1eddi. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi anh em Nh\u1ea5t Linh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng ch\u00ed h\u01b0\u1edbng, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y Th\u1ebf L\u1eef h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi. Ng\u00f4i sao Th\u1ebf L\u1eef b\u01b0\u1edbc ra gi\u1eefa l\u00e0ng th\u01a1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201ckh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n b\u0129u m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng thi ca \u0111ang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady\u201d (Ho\u00e0i Thanh). B\u00e0i th\u01a1 g\u00e2y \u1ea5n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t t\u1eed trong thi ca Vi\u1ec7t Nam 1\t T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n - Con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 v\u0103n ch\u01b0\u01a1ng - Phan C\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ec7 ch\u1ee7 bi\u00ean - NXB V\u0103n h\u1ecdc - 1990. 130","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00e0 Nh\u1edb r\u1eebng, t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ghi d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u201cT\u1eb7ng Nguy\u1ec5n T\u01b0\u1eddng Tam\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cL\u1eddi con h\u1ed5 \u1edf v\u01b0\u1eddn b\u00e1ch th\u00fa\u201d(1). T\u1eeb ti\u1ebft t\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1ecbp \u0111i\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 cu\u1ed1n h\u00fat ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc ngay t\u1eeb c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, v\u00e0 c\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ecdc ta l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y b\u00f3ng d\u00e1ng ch\u00faa s\u01a1n l\u00e2m hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e9t d\u0169ng m\u00e3nh, hi\u00ean ngang kh\u00f3 phai m\u1edd: Ta s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i trong t\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed7i nh\u1edb Thu\u1edf tung ho\u00e0nh, h\u1ed1ng h\u00e1ch nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y x\u01b0a Nh\u1edb c\u00f5i s\u01a1n l\u00e2m, b\u00f3ng c\u1ea3, c\u00e2y gi\u00e0 V\u1edbi ti\u1ebfng gi\u00f3 g\u00e0o ng\u00e0n, v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng ngu\u1ed3n h\u00e9t n\u00fai V\u1edbi khi th\u00e9t kh\u00fac tr\u01b0\u1eddng ca d\u1eef d\u1ed9i Ta b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n l\u00ean, d\u00f5ng d\u1ea1c, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u00e0ng L\u01b0\u1ee3n t\u1ea5m th\u00e2n nh\u01b0 s\u00f3ng cu\u1ed9n nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng V\u1eddn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00e1m \u00e2m th\u1ea7m, l\u00e1 d\u00e0i c\u1ecf s\u1eafc Trong hang t\u1ed1i, m\u1eaft th\u1ea7n khi \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1eafc L\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ecdi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec1u im h\u01a1i Ta bi\u1ebft ta ch\u00faa t\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a mu\u00f4n lo\u00e0i Trong ch\u1ed1n c\u1ecf hoa kh\u00f4ng t\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng tu\u1ed5i Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a con h\u1ed5, \u1ea9n gi\u1eefa hai d\u00f2ng ch\u1eef l\u00e0 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t ki\u1ebfp ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang s\u1ed1ng trong t\u00f9 ng\u1ee5c, tr\u00f3i bu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. T\u1ef1 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n b\u00e0i th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c t\u1ed1 c\u00e1o m\u1ed9t kh\u00f4ng gian t\u00f9 h\u00e3m, ch\u1eadt ch\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ebfn u u\u1ea5t m\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed1n ph\u00e1 toang \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1edbi kh\u00e1t v\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a t\u1ef1 do. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, sau n\u00e0y trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201c\u1ede chi\u1ebfn khu mi\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n Linh n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: H\u1ed3i c\u00f2n \u0111i h\u1ecdc, c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng cho \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed l\u00e0 anh Th\u1ebf L\u1eef. V\u00ec, \u1edf tu\u1ed5i c\u1eafp s\u00e1ch \u1ea5y, thanh ni\u00ean r\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 c\u1ea3m nh\u1eadn c\u00e1i h\u01a1i th\u1edf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Nh\u1edb r\u1eebng\u201d. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i th\u01a1 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng nh\u01b0 Ti\u1ebfng s\u00e1o Thi\u00ean thai, L\u1eddi than th\u1edf c\u1ee7a n\u00e0ng m\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt, L\u1ef1a ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u00e0n, C\u00e2y \u0111\u00e0n mu\u00f4n \u0111i\u1ec7u, M\u1ea5y v\u1ea7n ng\u00e2y th\u01a1... c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn cu\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec7t. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u cho r\u1eb1ng: \u201cT\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0 l\u00e0 b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 1\t H\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c b\u00e0i th\u01a1 trong t\u1eadp M\u1ea5y v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 in n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean 1935 (v\u1edbi 28 b\u00e0i), sau n\u00e0y khi t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1941 (v\u1edbi 47 b\u00e0i) th\u00ec Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa \u0111\u00f4i ch\u1eef. \u1ede \u0111\u00e2y khi tr\u00edch d\u1eabn, ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o b\u1ea3n in n\u0103m 1935. 131","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung t\u00e2m t\u00ecnh, nh\u01b0ng v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ch\u01b0a tho\u00e1t ra ng\u00f4n t\u1eeb c\u1ee7a th\u01a1 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng, ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n kim, moderne. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u00e0o ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n (romantisme) v\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 l\u00e0 giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a l\u00e3ng m\u1ea1n; s\u1ee9c h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn v\u00e0 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u0169ng \u1edf \u0111\u00f3\u201d. V\u00e0 c\u0169ng theo Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u th\u00ec \u201cC\u00f3 l\u1ebd Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra ch\u1eef \u201cc\u00f4 em\u201d \u1edf trong th\u01a1, \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u201cem\u201d \u2013 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3 t\u00ecnh y\u00eau, c\u1ee7a \u201canh\u201d; m\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 b\u1ea3n th\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ebfu n\u1eef, ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f4 \u1ea5y; l\u00e0 ng\u00f4i th\u1ee9 ba, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 ng\u00f4i th\u1ee9 hai. \u201cC\u00f4 em\u201d c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef d\u1ec5 th\u01b0\u01a1ng bi\u1ebft ch\u1eebng n\u00e0o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta y\u00eau, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta m\u01a1; \u201cc\u00f4 em\u201d \u1ea5y th\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f3ng \u0111\u00f4i v\u1edbi h\u00ecnh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1i h\u1ed3 \u2013 h\u1ed3 l\u00e0 s\u1edf h\u1eefu ri\u00eang c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef trong th\u01a1, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 kh\u00e1c h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn h\u1ed3\u201d. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t c\u1ee7a Xu\u00e2n Di\u1ec7u r\u1ea5t tinh t\u1ebf m\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 GS L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh K\u1ef5 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 chia s\u1ebb t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1: \u201cThi nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eb9p l\u00e0 em m\u00e0 l\u00e0 c\u00f4 em nghe th\u00e2n m\u1eadt m\u00e0 v\u1eabn xa c\u00e1ch, t\u00ecnh t\u1ee9 m\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu m\u1eb7n n\u1ed3ng\u201d. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9, tr\u1ecdng v\u1ecdng. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi truy\u1ec1n t\u1ee5ng: Than \u00f4i th\u1eddi oanh li\u1ec7t nay c\u00f2n \u0111\u00e2u!... ...Anh \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng anh, t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00f4i T\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f4i ta c\u00f3 th\u1ebf th\u00f4i \u0110\u00e3 quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng mong sum h\u1ecdp m\u00e3i B\u1eadn l\u00f2ng chi n\u1eefa l\u00fac chia ph\u00f4i ...C\u00e1i thu\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn \u1ea5y Ng\u00e0n n\u0103m h\u1ed3 d\u1ec5 m\u1ea5y ai qu\u00ean ...Ti\u00ean nga x\u00f5a t\u00f3c b\u00ean ngu\u1ed3n H\u00e0ng t\u00f9ng r\u1ee7 r\u1ec9 tr\u00ean c\u1ed3n \u0111\u00ecu hiu M\u00e2y h\u1ed3ng ng\u1eebng l\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u00e8o M\u00ecnh c\u00e2y n\u1eafng nhu\u1ed9m, b\u00f3ng chi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng \u0111i Tr\u1eddi cao, xanh ng\u1eaft - \u00d4 k\u00eca Hai con h\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng bay v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3ng Lai... Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7y t\u00e0i n\u0103ng, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u00f2n chinh ph\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc qua nh\u1eefng ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft trinh th\u00e1m v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng truy\u1ec7n ma 132","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG Th\u1ee7 b\u00fat nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef qu\u00e1i nh\u01b0 c\u1ee7a Edgar Poe v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t tr\u00ed t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong ph\u00fa, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea7u \u00f3c ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1eafc b\u00e9n. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 gi\u00e1o s\u01b0 L\u00ea \u0110\u00ecnh K\u1ef5 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t: \u201cCho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u0103n h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u1ebfp b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Th\u1ebf L\u1eef trong lo\u1ea1i s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1o n\u00e0y\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng Th\u1ebf L\u1eef kh\u00f4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1936 khi \u0111ang l\u00e0 c\u00e2y b\u00fat ch\u1ee7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y nay trong nh\u00f3m T\u1ef1 l\u1ef1c V\u0103n \u0111o\u00e0n, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110o\u00e0n Ph\u00fa T\u1ee9, Nguy\u1ec5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng Ng\u1ecdc, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n H\u1ea1nh, Tr\u1ea7n B\u00ecnh L\u1ed9c, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u1ed7 Cung, V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Li\u00ean... th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ban k\u1ecbch Tinh hoa v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh \u201ckh\u1edfi s\u1eafc k\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t Nam kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 kh\u00f4ng thua k\u00e9m k\u1ecbch tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ph\u00e1p\u201d. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t v\u1edf c\u1ee7a \u0110o\u00e0n Ph\u00fa T\u1ee9 nh\u01b0 Ghen, Nh\u1eefng b\u1ee9c th\u01b0 t\u00ecnh, M\u01a1 hoa, G\u00e1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ed3ng... v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung \u201cvui v\u1ebb tr\u1ebb trung\u201d ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp th\u1ecb d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. V\u00e0 \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u1eadp ra Nh\u00f3m k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef t\u1ea1i H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3ng vai trong c\u00e1c v\u1edf nh\u01b0 \u00d4ng 133","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM K\u00fd C\u00f3p (Vi Huy\u1ec1n \u0110\u1eafc), \u0110o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t (d\u1ef1a theo ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nh\u1ea5t Linh), Hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 (L\u00ea \u0110\u1ea1i Thanh), C\u00f4 g\u00e1i v\u1edbi h\u0169 v\u00e0ng (Mai H\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00f3ng t\u00e1c)... c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c v\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 nh\u01b0 T\u00f4 Ng\u1ecdc V\u00e2n, L\u00ea Th\u1ecb L\u1ef1u, Song Kim, Minh Tr\u00e2m, Thanh H\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tu\u00e2n, T\u00fa M\u1ee1... Trong l\u00fac l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef t\u1ecf ra kh\u00e1 nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc v\u1edbi c\u1ed9ng V\u1edf \u00f4ng K\u00fd C\u00f3p do Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n qu\u1ea3ng s\u1ef1 trong t\u1eebng chi ti\u1ebft nh\u1ecf trong c\u00e1o tr\u00ean b\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y Nay (1938) luy\u1ec7n t\u1eadp, di\u1ec5n xu\u1ea5t \u2013 nh\u1edd v\u1eady ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00f3m k\u1ecbch n\u00e0y t\u1ecf ra gi\u00e0 d\u1eb7n so v\u1edbi c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m k\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. \u00d4ng t\u1eebng nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi: \u201cS\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u l\u00e0 th\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. Ai l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec1 n\u00e0y n\u00ean t\u1ea9y r\u1eeda t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n cho trong s\u1ea1ch r\u1ed3i h\u00e3y b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o\u201d v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh \u00f4ng su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. V\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1938, v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i chi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n ng\u00e0y k\u1ef5 c\u1ee7a gia \u0111\u00ecnh ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 Song Kim, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u1ebfn, tr\u00ean tay c\u1ea7m theo b\u00f3 hoa, b\u1ecdc c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn trong gi\u1ea5y k\u00ednh. Sau n\u00e0y NSND Song Kim k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i th\u1eadt x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng: \u201cTr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra v\u1ec1, anh ng\u1ed3i l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n ri\u00eang v\u1edbi t\u00f4i kh\u00e1 l\u00e2u, v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0a ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t: anh \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb anh c\u00f9ng t\u00f4i k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p hai cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau... M\u1ed9t ph\u00fat im l\u1eb7ng... t\u00f4i kh\u1ebd h\u1ecfi: - C\u00f3 c\u1ea7n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng anh? - R\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n, v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c th\u1ee7y chung \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau nhau, chia s\u1ebb ng\u1ecdt b\u00f9i cay \u0111\u1eafng hi\u1ebfn d\u00e2ng c\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh cho cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt l\u00fac n\u00e0y v\u00e0 mai sau.\u201d \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 kho\u1ea3nh kh\u1eafc k\u1ef3 di\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1eafn ch\u1eb7t hai t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n t\u00e0i n\u0103ng l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau. Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m th\u00e1ng n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng th\u00eam ng\u1ed9t ng\u1ea1t. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai. \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 b\u00f3p ch\u1ebft t\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn, b\u00e1o ch\u00ed... B\u00e1o Ng\u00e0y nay b\u1ecb \u0111\u00f3ng 134","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG c\u1eeda. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y b\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c, s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 T\u00fa M\u1ee1 \u00e1i ng\u1ea1i n\u00ean t\u00ecm cho v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u1ebf L\u1eef m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 y\u00ean t\u0129nh \u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng L\u00e1ng \u2013 nh\u00e0 quay m\u1eb7t ra \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1i m\u00e0 b\u00ean kia \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 kh\u00fac s\u00f4ng T\u00f4 L\u1ecbch ch\u1ea3y qua. Tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng quay sang h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef H\u00e1n. Nh\u01b0ng b\u01b0\u1edbc sang n\u0103m 1942, nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i d\u1ec5 th\u1edf h\u01a1n, phong tr\u00e0o k\u1ecbch \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0ng s\u1eafc, con ng\u01b0\u1eddi ham th\u00edch ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng trong Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u1ea1i b\u1eebng d\u1eady. \u00d4ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp nh\u00f3m \u201cNh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau k\u1ecbch\u201d, r\u1ed3i th\u1ea3o \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ec7 v\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh k\u1ecbch g\u1ed3m m\u01b0\u1eddi hai v\u1edf c\u1ee7a Vi Huy\u1ec1n \u0110\u1eafc, \u0110o\u00e0n Ph\u00fa T\u1ee9, Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng, Mai Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00f3m k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n trong th\u1eddi gian t\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 v\u1ed1n, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng \u00f4ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi c\u00e1c c\u1ed9ng s\u1ef1 c\u00f9ng g\u00f3p. N\u1ebfu ai kh\u00f4ng g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n th\u00ec c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng sao, ch\u1ec9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c danh hi\u1ec7u \u201cng\u01b0\u1eddi s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu\u201d m\u00e0 th\u00f4i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u00f3 n\u0103m ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u00f4n, Tr\u1ecbnh Nh\u01b0 L\u01b0\u01a1ng, Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n Khoa, Tr\u1ea7n \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u1ecd, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd l\u1ea5y t\u00ean ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 Ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef. C\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 hai t\u00e0i n\u0103ng l\u1edbn Th\u1ebf L\u1eef v\u00e0 L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 d\u1ecbp tri ng\u1ed9. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, tr\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1eef sinh trung h\u1ecdc \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u00e1nh d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf d\u1ea1 h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdc sinh, h\u1ecd ch\u1ecdn v\u1edf T\u1ee5c l\u1ee5y do Th\u1ebf L\u1eef chuy\u1ec3n sang th\u1ec3 k\u1ecbch th\u01a1 t\u1eeb t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m v\u0103n xu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Kh\u00e1i H\u01b0ng. D\u0129 nhi\u00ean ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi l\u00e0 k\u1ecbch th\u01a1 ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 nh\u1ea1c, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 h\u00e1t l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, h\u1ecd t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn Th\u1ebf L\u1eef v\u00ec c\u1ee9 ngh\u0129 \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n t\u00e0i ba n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft t\u1ea5t t\u1ea7n t\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9! T\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 M\u1ea5y v\u1ea7n th\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ea5y th\u00edch th\u00fa tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb kh\u1ea9n kho\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, v\u00ec \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng tin c\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ca ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 giai \u0111i\u1ec7u v\u00e0 ng\u00e2m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi v\u0103n xu\u00f4i n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tho\u00e1i th\u00e1c: - C\u00e1c c\u00f4 ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm cho ra m\u1ed9t nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 so\u1ea1n ngay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i ca m\u1edbi, \u0111\u00fang theo l\u1eddi th\u01a1 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 trong n\u00e0y. M\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00e0i ca m\u1edbi so\u1ea1n, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng giai \u0111i\u1ec7u s\u1eb5n c\u00f3 nh\u01b0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta quen l\u00e0m. V\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd c\u00e1c c\u00f4 n\u1eef sinh l\u1ea1i t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1edd t\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 ca kh\u00fac Ti\u1ebfng g\u1ecdi sinh vi\u00ean \u2013 d\u00f9 m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng nh\u01b0ng 135","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb \u201cPh\u1ed5 nh\u1ea1c m\u1ed9t v\u1edf k\u1ecbch th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef!\u201d n\u00ean t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch ho\u00e3n binh. D\u00f9 n\u00f3i ph\u00e2n bua n\u00e0y n\u1ecd, nh\u01b0ng trong th\u00e2m t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi, v\u1eady l\u00e0 L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn L\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u201c\u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n\u201d v\u1edbi b\u1eadc \u0111\u00e0n anh danh ti\u1ebfng. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ed v\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n duy nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean c\u00f9ng th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn: th\u01a1 nh\u1ea1c ph\u1ea3i gi\u00e0u phong c\u00e1ch d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Sau khi L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc so\u1ea1n xong m\u1ea5y b\u00e0i nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, \u201cTh\u1ebf L\u1eef reo l\u00ean nh\u01b0 g\u1eb7p m\u1ed9t thi\u00ean t\u00e0i. Anh nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4 n\u1eef sinh v\u00e0 t\u1ee9c kh\u1eafc b\u1eaft tay v\u00e0o vi\u1ebft th\u00eam m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u00e0i ca c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft v\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n v\u0103n xu\u00f4i th\u00e0nh l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i th\u01a1. Th\u01a1 v\u00e0 ca xong \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef cho l\u00e0m th\u1eed ngay, l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u0103n nh\u00e0 ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang \u1edf l\u00e0m ph\u00f2ng t\u1eadp cho b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3 L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c so\u1ea1n b\u00e0i h\u00e1t, v\u00e0 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u00e0m ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7c so\u1ea1n k\u1ecbch, chuy\u1ec3n v\u0103n xu\u00f4i ra th\u01a1\u201d(1). Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi giao h\u1eb9n o\u00e1i o\u0103m c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef d\u00e0nh cho c\u00e1c n\u1eef sinh \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u00e1nh m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 b\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u01b0\u1edfng th\u00e0nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh: \u201c\u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i, ph\u1ed5 nh\u1ea1c v\u1edf ca k\u1ecbch T\u1ee5c l\u1ee5y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n quan tr\u1ecdng... T\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbp th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i phong c\u00e1ch d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c\u201d(2). Ch\u00ednh v\u1edf T\u1ee5c l\u1ee5y sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c m\u1edf m\u00e0n cho Ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ra m\u1eaft t\u1ea1i Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t l\u1edbn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, do nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Nguy\u1ec5n Xu\u00e2n Kho\u00e1t ch\u1ec9 huy d\u00e0n nh\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec7m. C\u00f2n khi bi\u1ec3u di\u1ec5n t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea1i h\u1ecdc th\u00ec nh\u1ea1c s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n Kh\u00ea \u0111\u1ea3m nhi\u1ec7m vai tr\u00f2 n\u00e0y. Ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang trong c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng kh\u1ed5 thay, ch\u00ednh v\u00ec t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfng vang m\u00e0 b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0a v\u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c cha B\u00e1 \u0110a L\u1ed9c \u2013 ca ng\u1ee3i m\u1ed9t c\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea1o m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u00e0 \u00e9p Ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ph\u1ea3i di\u1ec5n. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef thi\u00ean l\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt ch\u00e2n ch\u00ednh, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e1n linh h\u1ed3n cho qu\u1ef7, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n ban k\u1ecbch m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea7y c\u00f4ng g\u1ea7y d\u1ef1ng. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i, h\u1eefu x\u1ea1 t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean h\u01b0\u01a1ng, cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1943, ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 V\u0169 \u0110\u1ee9c Di\u00ean t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng ra l\u00e0m \u0111\u1ea1o di\u1ec5n, ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u1ec1 chuy\u00ean m\u00f4n, ch\u1ecdn ti\u1ebft m\u1ee5c, ch\u1ecdn ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129; c\u00f2n \u00f4ng Di\u00ean lo to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 1\t Nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u \u2013 Song Kim \u2013 NXB S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u, 1995, tr.92. 2\t L\u01b0u H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 con ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u2013 Mai V\u0103n B\u1ed9, NXB Tr\u1ebb,1989, tr.261. 136","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y Ban k\u1ecbch Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u00f3 t\u00ean m\u1edbi l\u00e0 Anh V\u0169. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn l\u1ed1i ng\u00e2m c\u1ee7a k\u1ecbch th\u01a1, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1t huy t\u00ednh nh\u1ea1c \u0111i\u1ec7u, t\u00ednh h\u00e0m s\u00fac c\u1ee7a l\u1eddi th\u01a1 trong c\u00e1ch n\u00f3i th\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ng\u00e2m nga \u0111\u01a1n \u0111i\u1ec7u nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta v\u1eabn l\u00e0m. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ee9ng minh r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 qua hai v\u1edf tho\u1ea1i k\u1ecbch Tr\u1ea7m h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00ecnh (k\u1ecbch th\u01a1), M\u00e3 Ng\u00f4i Pha (k\u1ecbch l\u1ecbch s\u1eed vi\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng v\u0103n v\u1ea7n)... T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111ang c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn l\u1edbn. Nh\u1eadt n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh nhau v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho cu\u1ed9c t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ban k\u1ecbch Anh V\u0169 ph\u1ea3i l\u01b0u di\u1ec5n \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh. Bu\u1ed5i di\u1ec5n cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh v\u1edbi v\u1edf \u0110\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 (do Th\u1ebf L\u1eef c\u00f9ng ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 trong \u0111o\u00e0n s\u00e1ng t\u00e1c), khi di\u1ec5n vi\u00ean B\u00f9i C\u00f4ng K\u1ef3 h\u00e1t xong b\u00e0i H\u1ed3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c hi\u1ebfn binh Nh\u1eadt \u00f9a l\u00ean s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u b\u1eaft ngay! Nh\u01b0ng Nh\u1eadt kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u. T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i v\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef m\u1eebng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m b\u1eb1ng v\u1edf k\u1ecbch \u0110\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 (b\u1ed5 sung th\u00eam \u0111o\u1ea1n cu\u1ed1i) v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t c\u1ea3nh Nh\u1eefng trang oanh li\u1ec7t k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng g\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec1n nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u00eam v\u1edf k\u1ecbch m\u1edbi, \u00f4ng g\u1ea5p r\u00fat d\u1ef1ng k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 vi\u1ebft k\u1ecbch c\u00f2n r\u1ea5t tr\u1ebb l\u00e0 L\u01b0u Quang Thu\u1eadn v\u00e0 c\u00f9ng anh em trong \u0111o\u00e0n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c vi\u1ebft c\u00e1c v\u1edf Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ti\u1ebfp s\u1ee9, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi loong toong S\u1edf m\u1eadt th\u00e1m... v\u00e0 \u0111i tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang hoan ngh\u00eanh nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1946, Ban k\u1ecbch Anh V\u0169 t\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef n\u00f3i v\u1edbi Song Kim: - Ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i n\u1eefa! Ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd \u0111i kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn! - Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang ta l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn? \u201cK\u1ebb b\u1ed9 h\u00e0nh phi\u00eau l\u00e3ng\u201d qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft b\u1eb1ng gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i ch\u1eafc n\u1ecbch: - L\u00e0m k\u1ecbch! Ph\u1ea3i! L\u00e0m k\u1ecbch kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn! T\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat n\u00e0y, v\u1ee3 ch\u1ed3ng Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i theo cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. \u0110\u1ed1m l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a k\u1ecbch kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhen l\u00ean t\u1eeb v\u1edf Tay ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0 (Th\u1ebf L\u1eef vi\u1ebft chung v\u1edbi 137","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM B\u00f9i Huy Ph\u1ed3n), C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 s\u01b0 \u00f4ng. N\u0103m 1948, \u0110o\u00e0n S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i V\u0103n ngh\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1949, \u00f4ng l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ecbch Chi\u1ebfn Th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, r\u1ed3i n\u0103m 1952, \u00f4ng ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch ng\u00e0nh k\u1ecbch trong \u0110o\u00e0n V\u0103n c\u00f4ng Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef gi\u1eef c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i Ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 S\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u Vi\u1ec7t Nam cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac m\u1ea5t - ng\u00e0y 3\/6\/1989 t\u1ea1i Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u k\u1ecbch hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Trong 50 n\u0103m l\u0103n l\u1ed9n tr\u00ean s\u00e0n di\u1ec5n, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafm c\u1ea3 tr\u0103m vai k\u1ecbch, d\u00e0n d\u1ef1ng h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee5c v\u1edf l\u1edbn. C\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi m\u00ecnh, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u1eadt l\u1ef1c n\u00ean khi \u00f4ng qua \u0111\u1eddi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi, nhi\u1ec1u gi\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i. \u201cT\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, th\u1eddi r\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a ra ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhu c\u1ea7u t\u01b0 duy l\u00f4-gic c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i, nh\u1eefng c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n s\u1ebd m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho b\u00fat ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn sau. Do \u0111\u00f3, Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u1ef7 ni\u1ec7m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc \u201cc\u00e1i thu\u1edf ban \u0111\u1ea7u l\u01b0u luy\u1ebfn \u1ea5y\u201d. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef l\u00e0 ngh\u1ec7 s\u0129 ti\u00ean phong, trong c\u00e1i K\u00fd h\u1ecda nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ngh\u0129a tr\u1ecdn v\u1eb9n nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a hai ch\u1eef ti\u00ean phong. Th\u1ebf L\u1eef ch\u1ec9 tho\u1ea3i m\u00e1i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, say m\u00ea nh\u1eefng hoa tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00f9a, v\u1edbi c\u00e1i thu\u1edf \u201cl\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ebft, l\u00f2ng c\u00f4 mang t\u00ecnh \u00e1i\u201d. 138","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG B\u1ea3n t\u00ednh \u1ea5y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nh\u1eefng ch\u1eb7ng Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Th\u1ebf L\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p Th\u1ebf L\u1eef: l\u00e0m (kho\u1ea3ng n\u0103m 1960) th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, khi th\u01a1 m\u1edbi ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 n\u1ec1n; vi\u1ebft truy\u1ec7n trinh th\u00e1m khi th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 m\u00f3ng. Khi n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e3 v\u1eefng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 \u0111\u00e1 l\u1ea1i xoay sang x\u00e2y k\u1ecbch n\u00f3i \u2013 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 lo\u1ea1i ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng trong v\u0103n h\u1ecdc ta. \u00d4ng d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i d\u00e0i nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn \u0111u\u1ed1c s\u00e2n kh\u1ea5u \u2013 c\u00f3 l\u1ebd v\u00ec \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng h\u01b0 \u1ea3o m\u1ed7i ng\u00e0y m\u1ed7i thay \u0111\u1ed5i tr\u00ean ti\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng, ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi t\u00e2m h\u1ed3n b\u1ea5t an c\u1ee7a Th\u1ebf L\u1eef\u201d (Nam Chi \u2013 d\u1eabn theo t\u1eadp Th\u1ebf L\u1eef trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi ngh\u1ec7 thu\u1eadt \u2013 Ho\u00e0i Vi\u1ec7t s\u01b0u t\u1ea7m, bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n \u2013 NXB H\u1ed9i Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n, 1991). 139","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM HO\u00c0NG T\u00cdCH CHU Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u00ean phong c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam N\u1eafng tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u00e2n, trong gi\u00f3 hoa ng\u00e2u, hoa l\u00fd tho\u1ea3ng l\u1ea1i m\u00f9i h\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u01a1m d\u1ecbu. C\u1ee5 Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Ph\u1ee5ng n\u00e2ng ly r\u01b0\u1ee3u tr\u00ean tay v\u00e0 ng\u00e2m nga v\u00e0i c\u00e2u th\u01a1 \u0110\u01b0\u1eddng. Ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1n l\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a con trai, c\u1ee5 vui l\u1eafm, th\u1ea7m ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng, n\u00f3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng th\u00f4ng tu\u1ec7, h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t trong l\u00e0ng th\u00ec khoa thi n\u00e0y d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t c\u00f3 t\u00ean tr\u00ean b\u1ea3ng v\u00e0ng. Do \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 sau Nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu khi con trai vinh quy th\u00ec t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c khao (1897-1933) l\u00e0ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, h\u1ecdc t\u00e0i thi ph\u1eadn l\u00e0 l\u1ebd th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh, khi nghe tin con thi tr\u01b0\u1ee3t, c\u1ee5 Ph\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u1ea5t x\u1ec9u... Con trai c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu sinh n\u0103m 1897 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Ph\u00f9 L\u01b0u, huy\u1ec7n T\u1eeb S\u01a1n, t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc Ninh. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, n\u00f3i nh\u01b0 thi s\u0129 T\u00fa X\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec: \u0110\u1ea1o h\u1ecdc ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e1n r\u1ed3i, M\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i h\u1ecdc ch\u00edn ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00f4i. C\u00f4 h\u00e0ng b\u00e1n s\u00e1ch lim dim ng\u1ee7, Th\u1ea7y kh\u00f3a t\u01b0 l\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u1ea5p nh\u1ed5m ng\u1ed3i. 140","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG T\u00e2m l\u00fd c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb s\u0129 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ngao ng\u00e1n l\u1ed1i h\u1ecdc c\u0169 m\u00e0 gi\u1eefa bu\u1ed5i giao th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ecdt v\u00e0o tay gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p. X\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111ang \u0111\u1ed5i thay. Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 khoa c\u1eed kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n coi tr\u1ecdng. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed thi \u0111\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 ra l\u00e0m quan c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 \u01b0\u1edbc m\u01a1 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ng\u1ea7n ng\u1ea1i, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu v\u1ee9t ng\u1ecdn b\u00fat l\u00f4ng quay sang c\u1ea7m b\u00fat s\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ecdc ch\u1eef Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 h\u1ecdc r\u1ea5t gi\u1ecfi. N\u0103m 1921, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00fap vi\u1ec7c cho t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n Nam Phong, m\u1ed9t t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed l\u1edbn quy t\u1ee5 nh\u1eefng b\u1eadc uy\u00ean th\u00e2m H\u00e1n h\u1ecdc l\u1eabn T\u00e2y h\u1ecdc. Trong th\u1eddi gian l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c, do kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y n\u00ean \u00f4ng ngh\u1ec9 vi\u1ec7c. Khi nh\u00e0 t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c B\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1i B\u01b0\u1edfi \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean kinh doanh ng\u00e0nh v\u1eadn t\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u00f4ng, gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ea1nh tranh v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Hoa ki\u1ec1u v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu h\u1ea3 h\u00ea l\u1eafm. \u00d4ng ngh\u0129, ch\u1eb3ng l\u1ebd ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ngo\u00e0i trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c m\u1edbi m\u1ebb n\u00e0y hay sao? V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y 15\/7\/1921, b\u00e1o Khai h\u00f3a ra \u0111\u1eddi, do B\u1ea1ch Th\u00e1i B\u01b0\u1edfi c\u00f9ng nh\u1eefng doanh nh\u00e2n kh\u00e1c s\u00e1ng l\u1eadp th\u00ec Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat cho t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng k\u00fd t\u00ean K\u1ebf Th\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ean c\u00e1c b\u00e0i b\u00e1o (\u00fd n\u00f3i k\u1ebf li\u1ec1n nh\u00e0 Th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 Chu trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Trung Qu\u1ed1c). Tu\u1ed5i c\u00f2n tr\u1ebb. M\u00e1u c\u00f2n n\u00f3ng. Ng\u00f2i b\u00fat c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i x\u1ea5u trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ngay trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a b\u00e1o \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng tha. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00e2m ch\u00edch m\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 vai v\u1ebf trong t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u00f3p v\u1ed1n l\u00e0m b\u00e1o, l\u00fac \u0111\u00e1m c\u01b0\u1edbi con g\u00e1i l\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ti\u1ec1n ra l\u00e0m r\u00ecnh rang \u0111\u1ec3 khoe danh! V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u201cm\u1eddi\u201d kh\u1ecfi Khai h\u00f3a. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu bu\u1ed3n l\u00f2ng. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111eo \u0111u\u1ed5i ngh\u1ec1 b\u00e1o, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu ngh\u0129 t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i sang Ph\u00e1p h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 cho th\u1eadt gi\u1ecfi. Nh\u01b0ng gia \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ee7 ti\u1ec1n chu c\u1ea5p n\u00ean n\u0103m 1923, \u00f4ng v\u00e0o Nam K\u1ef3, nh\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n l\u00e0m d\u01b0\u1edbi t\u00e0u th\u1ee7y xin cho ch\u00e2n ph\u1ee5 b\u1ebfp tr\u00ean con t\u00e0u ch\u1ea1y sang Ph\u00e1p. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac t\u00e0u r\u1eddi b\u1ebfn, b\u1ecbn r\u1ecbn chia tay b\u1ea1n h\u1eefu, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ecdc hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 n\u00f3i l\u00ean t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00ea nh\u00e0: \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u00f4ng b\u00e0, mu\u00f4n n\u0103m c\u00f2n m\u00e3i c\u00f3; Non s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng L\u1ea1c, m\u1ea5y thu\u1edf bi\u1ebft bao qu\u00ean. 141","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u1edd hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 n\u00e0y, khi \u1edf tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi qu\u00fd m\u1ebfn, ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u00e3i \u00e2n c\u1ea7n. L\u00eanh \u0111\u00eanh tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng n\u01b0\u1edbc, giang h\u1ed3 nay \u0111\u00e2y mai \u0111\u00f3 n\u00ean th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y \u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u1ea5y b\u00fat danh l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng H\u1ed3. T\u1ea7m m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi t\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p. T\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y, \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u1edf nh\u00e0 T\u1ee5 Ngh\u0129a s\u1ed1 125 rue Pare Montsouris Paris 14e, do Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Khoa- con trai c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n l\u00e0m qu\u1ea3n tr\u1ecb. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n th\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n h\u1ecdc ngh\u1ec1 in (sinh vi\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1eddng Cao \u0111\u1eb3ng S\u01b0 ph\u1ea1m). H\u00e0ng th\u00e1ng, h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn ti\u1ec1n tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n h\u1ecdc tr\u01b0\u1eddng Albert Sarraut l\u00e0 L\u00ea H\u1eefu Ph\u00fac g\u1eedi sang. L\u00ea H\u1eefu Ph\u00fac ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1ef1a cho ti\u1ec3u thuy\u1ebft n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng T\u1ed1 T\u00e2m c\u1ee7a Song An Ho\u00e0ng Ng\u1ecdc Ph\u00e1ch trong b\u1ea3n in \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean n\u0103m 1922. Trong th\u1eddi gian h\u1ecdc t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00fa t\u00e2m nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u vai tr\u00f2 v\u00e0 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed trong c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n Ph\u00e1p. C\u00e1c t\u1edd b\u00e1o L\u2019OEuvre, L\u2019Intransigeant... v\u1edbi l\u1ed1i v\u0103n ng\u1eafn, g\u1ecdn r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng th\u00edch th\u00fa h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi. V\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng quan s\u00e1t, ghi ch\u00e9p v\u00e0 tham kh\u1ea3o kh\u00e1 nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o t\u1ea1i kinh \u0111\u00f4 n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p n\u00ean ng\u00e0y 9\/5\/1927, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ecbp ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh t\u1ea1i Paris, b\u1ea3n th\u1ea3o chuy\u00ean lu\u1eadn \u201cC\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n nh\u1ef1t tr\u00ecnh trong h\u1ed3i c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p\u201d. T\u1eadp s\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n do nh\u00e0 in X\u01b0a Nay ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1927. M\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadp s\u00e1ch in trang tr\u1ecdng l\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1 t\u1eeb: \u201cN\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eadt g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 l\u1ea5y th\u00e2n hi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec d\u00f9 b\u1eb1ng ng\u00f2i b\u00fat hay c\u00e2y g\u01b0\u01a1m, \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngang nhau. \u201c\u0110\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ecf \u0111i. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do. T\u1ef1 do, l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi ai c\u0169ng c\u00f3 t\u1eeb thu\u1edf m\u1edbi l\u1ecdt l\u00f2ng. Khi n\u00e0o m\u1ea5t, c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00f2i, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i xin, xin ch\u1eb3ng ai cho, \u0111\u00f2i k\u1ef3 b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ea5t quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 t\u1ef1 l\u1ea5y d\u00e2y th\u1eaft c\u1ed5, l\u1ea5y x\u00edch xi\u1ec1ng tay, l\u1ea5y b\u1ee5i thoa m\u1eaft... V\u1eady c\u00f3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00f2i b\u1eb1ng l\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng nhi\u1ec1u d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00f2i b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1u. \u1ede nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c sung s\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ef1 do, c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1eddi sinh s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 r\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t? 142","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG T\u1edd \u201cB\u00e1o\u201d. \u1ede nh\u1eefng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c kh\u1ed5 s\u1edf t\u00f4i t\u1edb, c\u00e1i g\u00ec c\u1ea7n cho \u0111\u1eddi t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 \u0111\u1eaft nh\u1ea5t? Quy\u1ec1n \u201ct\u1ef1 do ng\u00f4n lu\u1eadn\u201d. \u0110\u00f2i l\u1ea1i c\u00e1i \u201c\u0111\u1eaft nh\u1ea5t\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 mua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i \u201cr\u1ebb nh\u1ea5t\u201d th\u00ec kh\u1ecfi t\u00f4i t\u1edb m\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1ef1 do. T\u1ef1 do hay ch\u1ebft!\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xem \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quan Th\u1ee3 x\u1ebfp ch\u1eef in b\u00e1o theo k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt ti-p\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec3m v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ea5p ti\u1ebfn trong n\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. V\u1edbi l\u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng cao \u0111\u1eb9p nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, v\u1ec1 t\u1edbi H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n b\u1eaft tay ngay v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc cho d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1ea5p \u1ee7 l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y. T\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ec3 nghi\u1ec7m nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 t\u1edd H\u00e0 th\u00e0nh Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o. Nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng B\u00f9i Xu\u00e2n H\u1ecdc, nh\u00e0 v\u0103n Tam Lang V\u0169 \u0110\u00ecnh Ch\u00ed l\u00e0m t\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n, ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 1.6.1927, tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf v\u00e0 tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i 14 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ed9 Gia Long v\u00e0 63 H\u00e0ng B\u00f4ng (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i), m\u1ed7i s\u1ed1 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai trang, gi\u00e1 b\u00e1n 1 xu. Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao lo c\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c bi\u00ean t\u1eadp. \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n lo vi\u1ec7c in v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh b\u00e1o. Ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 4 trang v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn. Kh\u00f4ng k\u00e8n c\u1ef1a v\u1edbi gi\u1edbi tr\u1ebb v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7t t\u00ecnh \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 c\u00e1i m\u1edbi n\u00ean nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1u Tam Lang b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng giao cho Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh t\u1edd b\u00e1o. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee9ng l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o D\u01b0\u01a1ng Thi\u1ec7u Thanh cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong v\u00f2ng h\u01a1n hai th\u00e1ng, t\u1edd Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean r\u1eddi tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf, \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t c\u0103n nh\u00e0 r\u1ed9ng t\u1ecda l\u1ea1c ngay tr\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, c\u00f3 ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m, ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat, ph\u00f2ng bi\u00ean t\u1eadp, ph\u00f2ng qu\u1ea3n l\u00fd, v\u1edbi 24 k\u1ec7 ch\u1eef, m\u1ed9t ph\u00f2ng r\u1eeda \u1ea3nh, m\u1ed9t l\u00f2 \u0111\u00fac b\u1ea3n k\u1ebdm v\u00e0 6 d\u00e0n m\u00e1y in m\u1edbi tinh. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u do tay c\u1ee7a Chu v\u00e0 Tam Lang x\u1ebfp \u0111\u1eb7t, ri\u00eang v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 in l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng tr\u00ecnh quy m\u00f4 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n. Tr\u00ean 24 k\u1ec7 ch\u1eef, \u0111\u1eb7t song h\u00e0ng, m\u1eafc 12 chi\u1ebfc qu\u1ea1t tr\u1ea7n, th\u00eam nh\u1eefng m\u00e1y n\u1ed1i interphone \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n g\u1ecdi xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng, kh\u1ecfi m\u1ea5t th\u1eddi gi\u1edd x\u00ea 143","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM d\u1ecbch. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m b\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e8n c\u00f3 chao \u0111\u1eb7t theo l\u1ed1i ph\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfu, c\u00f3 \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng d\u1ecbu m\u00e1t cho kh\u1ecfi ch\u00f3i m\u1eaft. Trong c\u01a1 x\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ea5y, h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c ch\u0103m ch\u00fa l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c. \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n ch\u1ec9 huy c\u0169ng m\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ed3ng ph\u1ee5c. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i r\u1eb1ng, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 in g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eabu \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00ecnh m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng h\u1ed5 th\u1eb9n khi c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t du kh\u00e1ch ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m b\u00e1o qu\u00e1n. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e3nh di\u1ec7n nh\u1eafc \u0111\u1ebfn, v\u00e0 anh em ai c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn. V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c, nh\u1edd k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ea5n lo\u00e1t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed7 V\u0103n, t\u1edd Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o c\u00f3 b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi, tr\u1ebb, \u0111\u1eb9p, kh\u00f4ng thua g\u00ec t\u1edd b\u00e1o n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u1edf Paris l\u00e0 t\u1edd Le Quotidien. V\u1ec1 n\u1ed9i dung th\u00ec ngo\u00e0i s\u1ef1 mau l\u1eb9 trong vi\u1ec7c th\u00f4ng tin, l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh v\u0103n \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u201cPhim h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y\u201d k\u00fd t\u00ean chung PHARR \u2013 b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ed9 ba Tam Lang, Ph\u00f9ng B\u1ea3o Th\u1ea1ch, T\u1ea1 \u0110\u00ecnh B\u00ednh; m\u1ee5c \u201cM\u1eb7t tr\u00e1i cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1eddi\u201dc\u1ee7a D\u01b0\u01a1ng M\u1ea7u Ng\u1ecdc, b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u Nh\u1ecb Lang, t\u1edd Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u1edfi s\u1eafc th\u00eam, v\u01b0\u1ee3t xa t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o kh\u00e1c. Ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh v\u0103n m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu, t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o b\u1eb1ng Ph\u00e1p ng\u1eef Le Courrier d\u2019 Haiphong \u0111\u00e3 suy t\u00f4n l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch Vi\u1ec7t ng\u1eef, l\u1eddi c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m ki\u00eam ch\u1ee7 b\u00fat b\u00e1o n\u00e0y, v\u0103n s\u0129 Ren\u00e9 le Gac\u201d(1). C\u00f2n nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o l\u00e3o th\u00e0nh V\u0169 B\u1eb1ng trong B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u201cn\u00f3i l\u00e1o\u201d cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cCho \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e2y gi\u1edd v\u00e0 m\u00e3i m\u00e3i t\u00f4i v\u1eabn nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m n\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t k\u1ef3 t\u00edch: vi\u1ebft tr\u00ean t\u1edd Nam Phong k\u00fd t\u00ean K\u1ebf Th\u01b0\u01a1ng, \u0111\u1ecdc ch\u00e1n nh\u01b0 c\u01a1m n\u1ebfp n\u00e1t, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u0111i Ph\u00e1p m\u1ea5y n\u0103m v\u1ec1, l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u00e1t r\u1ea5t \u201ctr\u00ec\u201d l\u00e0 l\u00e0m s\u00f4i \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0nh b\u00e1o ch\u00ed, \u0111em l\u1ea1i cho t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t m\u1edbi, m\u1ed9t sinh l\u1ef1c m\u1edbi. Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o gi\u00e1 m\u1ed9t xu b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ea \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ecdc kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef. V\u0103n hay kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u00e1i l\u1edbp ti\u1ec3u y\u00eau nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00e1c \u00f4ng l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i th\u00ec d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh\u201d(2). T\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0111ang \u0103n n\u00ean l\u00e0m ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u00f3 chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee5c, cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu c\u00f9ng ban bi\u00ean t\u1eadp r\u1eddi t\u1edd Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o v\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ee9ng ra l\u00e0m t\u1edd b\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng. S\u1ed1 1 tu\u1ea7n b\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y 15\/12\/1929, t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n v\u00e0 1\t M\u1ea5y ch\u00e0ng \u201ctrai th\u1ebf h\u1ec7\u201d... tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u2013 D\u01b0\u01a1ng Thi\u1ec7u Thanh, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1969. 2\t B\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m \u201cn\u00f3i l\u00e1o\u201d \u2013 V\u0169 B\u1eb1ng \u2013 NXB V\u0103n h\u00f3a Th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1993. 144","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG tr\u1ecb s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i 35 H\u1ed3 Ho\u00e0n Ki\u1ebfm, sau chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 12-14 ph\u1ed1 Nh\u00e0 Th\u1edd (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). L\u00fac n\u00e0y, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu l\u1ea5y b\u00fat danh l\u00e0 V\u0103n T\u00f4i. L\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00fat hi\u1ec7u c\u0169ng khi\u1ebfn nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi cho r\u1eb1ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 ng\u1ea1o m\u1ea1n. Tr\u00ean b\u00e1o An Nam t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed thi s\u0129 l\u1eebng danh T\u1ea3n \u0110\u00e0 n\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng: \u201c\u00d4ng n\u00e0y g\u00e0n b\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1, ai m\u00e0 ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0 t\u00f4i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 t\u00ean ri\u00eang ch\u1ee9!\u201d. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u1edbi b\u00fat danh \u201cch\u00f3i tai\u201d nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh v\u0103n ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng T\u1edd \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y do Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu nghi\u1ec7p. \u00d4ng kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o c\u00e2u ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng (1929) v\u0103n r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0, d\u00e0i l\u00ea th\u00ea m\u00e0 ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn t\u1eebng \u00fd, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 l\u00fac l\u1ea1i ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u00e2u v\u0103n ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 1, 2, 3 ch\u1eef n\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ecb \u1ee9ng m\u1ec9a mai \u201cv\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu\u201d l\u00e0 v\u0103n c\u1ee5t, v\u0103n c\u1ed9c, v\u0103n kh\u1ea5p kh\u1ec3nh, v\u0103n nh\u00e1t g\u1eebng, v\u0103n c\u1ee9t d\u00ea! \u201cNh\u01b0ng d\u00f9 gh\u00e9t th\u00ec gh\u00e9t, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3i nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn n\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i v\u0103n ri\u00eang v\u00e0 c\u00f3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh v\u0103n \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi\u201d(1). B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi ch\u00ea bai, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111i theo con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn. Tr\u00ean b\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y s\u1ed1 ra ng\u00e0y 29\/7\/1931, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 \u01b0u v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebft l\u1ed1i v\u0103n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c... T\u00f4i v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb c\u00e1i b\u1ea3 vi\u1ebft v\u0103n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m m\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00f2ng m\u1edbi h\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t c\u00e2u, h\u00e0ng hai ba c\u1ed9t b\u00e1o m\u00e0 v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 tr\u01a1 tr\u1ecdi m\u1ed9t \u00fd. Ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft kh\u00e1c. C\u00e1i l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m sao cho g\u1ecdn, kh\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ebfn khi t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00f3 r\u1ed3i t\u00f4i li\u1ec1n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh b\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i 1\t Nh\u00e0 v\u0103n hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i \u2013 V\u0169 Ng\u1ecdc Phan \u2013 NXB Th\u0103ng Long t\u00e1i b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1960, tr.1256. 145","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u201cb\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1\u201d. T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i n\u00e0o c\u0169ng v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u l\u1eafm. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i t\u00f4i vi\u1ebft cho t\u1edd Ng\u1ecd b\u00e1o n\u0103m x\u01b0a. \u0110\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 h\u1ed3i v\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 c\u00f4ng k\u00edch, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 hoan ngh\u00eanh. L\u00e2u d\u1ea7n n\u00f3 th\u00e0nh ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i, m\u00e0 anh em l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u00e2m v\u1eady. ... T\u00f4i \u0111\u1ebfn gi\u1edd mu\u1ed1n th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh c\u00e1i l\u1ed1i v\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu ra m\u1ecdi ph\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec7n kh\u00e1c. Vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n, vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 chuy\u1ec7n \u0111o\u1ea3n thi\u00ean, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y d\u1ec5 xoay c\u00e1n b\u00fat, kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1n c\u00f4ng l\u1eafm nh\u01b0 vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i \u201cb\u00e0n v\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1, ch\u1ec9 trong m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t\u201d, ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn t\u1eebng ch\u1eef, ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda t\u1eebng c\u00e2u. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb1ng, h\u1ecfng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eb1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn khi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n l\u1ed1i v\u0103n \u1ea5y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e0i ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y ngay m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t gi\u1ea5y. B\u1edfi l\u1ed1i v\u0103n kh\u00f4ng cho ph\u00e9p vi\u1ebft d\u00e0i c\u00e2u, hay l\u00e0 th\u1eeba nhi\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfng, n\u00ean m\u1ed7i khi gi\u00e3i b\u00e0y m\u1ed9t l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft n\u00e0o, t\u00f4i th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 xoay x\u1edf l\u1eafm. Ch\u00e2n mu\u1ed1n b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i, m\u00e0 nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ee9c g\u00ec ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i. Trong khi l\u00fang t\u00fang v\u1ec1 n\u1ed7i ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i \u1ea5y, t\u00f4i l\u1eafm khi t\u1ef1 qu\u00ean r\u1eb1ng b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh xem...\u201d R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, ban \u0111\u1ea7u Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu mu\u1ed1n c\u00e2u v\u0103n ng\u1eafn g\u1ecdn, kh\u00f4ng r\u01b0\u1eddm r\u00e0, g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng \u201cth\u00ec\u201d, \u201cm\u00e0\u201d kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n n\u00e0y qu\u00e1 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 \u0111\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn \u00f4ng \u201ckh\u00f3 xoay x\u1edf l\u1eafm\u201d khi m\u00faa b\u00fat tr\u00ean trang gi\u1ea5y. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o Phan Kh\u00f4i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1edfi x\u01b0\u1edbng phong tr\u00e0o Th\u01a1 m\u1edbi, c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 nhi\u1ec7t li\u1ec7t \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 qua b\u00e0i V\u0103n ngh\u1ecb lu\u1eadn ph\u1ea3i vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? (b\u00e1o Trung l\u1eadp \u2013 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n n\u0103m 1931): \u201cTrong v\u0103n qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ta, c\u00e1i l\u1ed1i vi\u1ebft v\u0103n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu thi\u1ec7t n\u00f3 bi\u1ec7t h\u1eb3n ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ed1i, \u0111\u1ee7 m\u00e0 k\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1ed1i v\u0103n Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu\u201d, s\u1ef1 \u1ea5y trong l\u00e0ng v\u0103n ta h\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u00f4 t\u00e2m r\u1ed3i. Ch\u1eb3ng lu\u1eadn l\u1ed1i v\u0103n \u1ea5y \u00f4ng Chu s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o ra hay b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a ai, n\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp ra m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u0169ng kh\u00e1 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 tay h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t trong l\u00e0ng v\u0103n v\u1eady\u201d. V\u1eabn bi\u1ebft so s\u00e1nh bao gi\u1edd c\u0169ng kh\u1eadp kh\u1ec5nh, nh\u01b0ng ta th\u1eed quan s\u00e1t c\u00e2u v\u0103n c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh v\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu. B\u00e0i \u201cV\u0103n h\u1ecdc n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed3 n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam\u201d c\u1ee7a Ph\u1ea1m Qu\u1ef3nh in tr\u00ean Nam Phong t\u1ea1p ch\u00ed n\u0103m 1930, c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c...Nh\u1eefng mu\u1ed1n cho b\u1ecdn 146","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG t\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u01b0u n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam b\u00e2y gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng th\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0103n h\u00f3a Ph\u00e1p cho \u00edch l\u1ee3i, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap cho n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng nh\u1edd \u0111\u00f3 m\u00e0 ch\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n tri th\u1ee9c, th\u1eddi c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh nh\u1eadn ch\u00e2n l\u1ea5y m\u00ecnh, ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf c\u00e1i th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 ti\u00eau c\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd, ph\u1ea3i t\u1ecf ra bi\u1ebft suy ngh\u0129, ph\u00e1n \u0111o\u00e1n, c\u00f3 t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1ea5y c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a v\u0103n minh \u0111\u1eddi nay, ph\u1ea3i bi\u1ebft xem x\u00e9t cho k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng, nhi\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u00e1o h\u1ee9c, tin theo m\u00e0 bi\u1ebft ph\u00ea b\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 th\u1ebf m\u1edbi hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n ti\u00eam nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. C\u00f2n b\u00e0i \u201cChim bay ra B\u1eafc\u201d \u0111\u0103ng trong m\u1ee5c \u201cChuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1eddi\u201d s\u1ed1 1 vi\u1ebft v\u1ec1 tay qu\u1ea7n v\u1ee3t n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng nh\u1ea5t Nam k\u1ef3 th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu vi\u1ebft: \u201cTrong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: L\u00fd Th\u01b0\u1eddng Ki\u1ec7t v\u1edbi N\u00f9ng Cao Tr\u00ed \u0111em qu\u00e2n sang \u0111\u00e1nh n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e0u. Vi\u1ec7c ng\u00e0y nay: Chi\u00eam xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n trong b\u1ecdn anh em lao \u0111\u1ed9ng sang tr\u1ed5 t\u00e0i m\u00faa v\u1ee3t tr\u00ean ng\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea3o M\u00e3 Lai. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau tr\u1ea3i m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m, Nam Vi\u1ec7t th\u1ecb uy v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u00f4i ba vi\u1ec7c. Vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u00e3 qua, ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3; vi\u1ec7c tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft, ta th\u1eed ng\u00f3 xem. Sau khi nh\u1ea3y nh\u00f3t khoe t\u00e0i tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t Singapore, Chi\u00eam nay bay ra B\u1eafc. Qua Trung K\u1ef3, Chi\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eed t\u00e0i \u1edf Quy Nh\u01a1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u1edf Hu\u1ebf c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ra \u0111\u1ebfn B\u1eafc, ch\u1ecdi nhau v\u1edbi tay v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ng\u01b0\u1eddi Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u1ed1c, Chi\u00eam ta c\u0169ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Ng\u00e0y nay, Chi\u00eam l\u00e0 nh\u00e0 v\u00f4 \u0111\u1ecbch ngh\u1ec1 v\u1ee3t \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0ng Chi\u00eam ra B\u1eafc v\u00ec c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eddi? Ai m\u1eddi? M\u1ed9t h\u1ed9i th\u1ec3 d\u1ee5c\u201d. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 c\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea7u trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n c\u00e2u v\u0103n ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t g\u1eaby g\u1ecdn h\u01a1n, d\u1ec5 hi\u1ec3u, d\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ecdc h\u01a1n. Kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf, ngay c\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch phi\u00ean \u00e2m ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, th\u1eddi \u0111\u00f3 Christophe Colomb phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 Kha Lu\u00e2n B\u1ed1 th\u00ec \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Ki-t\u1ed1p C\u00f4-l\u00f4ng; Br\u00e9sil phi\u00ean \u00e2m l\u00e0 Ba T\u00e2y th\u00ec theo \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 B\u00ea Zin v.v... V\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn, ch\u1eef Qu\u1ed1c ng\u1eef ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf ch\u1eef c\u00e1i La tinh th\u00ec phi\u00ean \u00e2m nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf l\u00e0 h\u1ee3p l\u00fd, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i vay m\u01b0\u1ee3n qua \u00e2m c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u khi d\u1ecbch ti\u1ebfng n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i ra ti\u1ebfng Vi\u1ec7t. 147","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Ngo\u00e0i ra, ta c\u00f2n th\u1ea5y Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu l\u00e0 tay l\u00e0m b\u00e1o r\u1ea5t \u201cc\u00f3 ngh\u1ec1\u201d. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e1ng ghi nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o c\u00f2n m\u1edbi m\u1ebb \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. \u201cNgh\u1ec1 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u1edf x\u1ee9 ta cho \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ec1 theo \u0111\u00fang ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a n\u00f3, v\u00ec \u1edf x\u1ee9 ta ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed. Ch\u00fang ta xem \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 tr\u00f2 ti\u00eau khi\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 tinh th\u1ea7n, k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u0129nh l\u01b0\u01a1ng, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m c\u00f4ng, v\u00ec v\u1eady k\u00fd gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng\u201d (\u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y s\u1ed1 2 ra ng\u00e0y 2\/11\/1929). \u201cKhi l\u1eadp t\u1edd b\u00e1o, \u00f4ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ec9 ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c, thay v\u00ec ch\u00fa \u00fd t\u1edbi b\u1ed9 bi\u00ean t\u1eadp... Nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u00e0i x\u00e3 thuy\u1ebft c\u1ed9ng v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tin t\u1ee9c l\u01b0\u1ee3m l\u1eb7t \u1edf s\u1edf c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t ho\u1eb7c d\u1ecbch t\u1eeb b\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p, v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng hi\u1ec3u r\u1eb1ng t\u1edd nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 th\u1eddi s\u1ef1: tin t\u1ee9c trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc... H\u1ecd cho tr\u00e0n v\u00e0o m\u1ea5y c\u1ed9t b\u00e1o b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 tin t\u1ee9c n\u00e0o b\u1eaft g\u1eb7p trong b\u00e1o T\u00e0u ho\u1eb7c b\u00e1o Ph\u00e1p\u201d (\u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y s\u1ed1 5 ng\u00e0y 16\/1\/1930). Do \u0111\u00f3, tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ta th\u1ea5y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng khi\u1ebfm khuy\u1ebft tr\u00ean, n\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 thi\u1ebft th\u1ef1c h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u1ee7a s\u1ed1 \u0111\u00f4ng d\u00e2n ch\u00fang nh\u01b0: H\u00f4m nay, Bia mi\u1ec7ng, Chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1eebng, Tr\u1eafng \u0111en, Cu\u1ed1n phim... ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh c\u00e1c kh\u00eda c\u1ea1nh mu\u00f4n m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0m cho t\u1edd b\u00e1o gi\u00e0u l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f4ng tin, g\u1eafn b\u00f3 m\u1eadt thi\u1ebft v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi. B\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y c\u00f2n in nhi\u1ec1u tranh \u1ea3nh, minh h\u1ecda h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn, ng\u1ed9 ngh\u0129nh. Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch n\u00ean b\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n n\u00e0o y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang hoan ngh\u00eanh. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u1ea5y tin trong n\u1ed9i th\u00e0nh, m\u00e0 b\u1eaft ch\u01b0\u1edbc ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1o ch\u00ed n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i, \u00f4ng c\u00f2n c\u1eed \u0111\u1eb7c ph\u00e1i vi\u00ean \u0111i \u0111i\u1ec1u tra t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c. Nh\u1edd th\u1ebf tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t b\u00e1o th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 r\u1ea5t sinh \u0111\u1ed9ng. Ng\u00e0y nay, c\u00e1c t\u00f2a so\u1ea1n b\u00e1o th\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edf \u201cv\u0103n ph\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n\u201d \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh, C\u1ea7n Th\u01a1, \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng... ho\u1eb7c c\u1eed ph\u00f3ng vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eadn n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 30 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 tr\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u1ea3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m m\u1edbi m\u1ebb... B\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y qua \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 l\u00e0 b\u00e1o b\u00e1n ch\u1ea1y nh\u1ea5t B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u00ean nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o Ph\u1ed5 th\u00f4ng, nh\u00e0 b\u00e1o k\u1ef3 c\u1ef1u T\u1ebf Xuy\u00ean cho bi\u1ebft: 148","T\u1eacP 2: NH\u1eeeNG NG\u01af\u1edcI VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110I TI\u00caN PHONG \u201cHo\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu r\u00fat b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m \u1edf Jouvenel n\u00f3i v\u1edbi t\u00f4i: - K\u1ebb vi\u1ebft b\u00e1o mu\u1ed1n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 s\u00e1ng ki\u1ebfn, ph\u1ea3i lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n t\u00ecm ra c\u00e1i m\u1edbi, ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m nay kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m qua, lu\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00f3a b\u1eaft ta ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1edbi cho h\u1ee3p th\u1eddi, kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o bo bo gi\u1eef m\u00e3i nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh ki\u1ebfn c\u0169, nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u0169 m\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. H\u1ed3i \u0111\u00f3, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu ch\u1eebng 32 hay 33 tu\u1ed5i, \u0111ang c\u00e1i tu\u1ed5i h\u0103ng h\u00e1i v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u00edn ch\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p. Tuy n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng m\u00e0 anh v\u1eabn \u00e2n c\u1ea7n ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea3o cho t\u00f4i t\u1eebng m\u00e1nh kh\u00f3e trong ngh\u1ec1, t\u1eebng kinh nghi\u1ec7m anh h\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf ngo\u1ea1i qu\u1ed1c... V\u1ec1 n\u0103m th\u00e1ng cu\u1ed1i \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu, tr\u00ean T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed X\u01b0a Nay s\u1ed1 th\u00e1ng 3\/1999 c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam, b\u00e0i b\u00e1o \u201cHo\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u2013 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam\u201d c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng H\u1eefu Vi\u00eam cho bi\u1ebft: \u201cSau khi Th\u1eddi b\u00e1o \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda, Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu b\u1ecb \u1ed1m r\u1ed3i m\u1ea5t ng\u00e0y 30 T\u1ebft n\u0103m Qu\u00fd D\u1eadu (1933). Trong th\u1eddi gian \u1ed1m, m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ebfn th\u0103m, \u00f4ng v\u1eabn t\u01b0\u01a1i c\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i: \u201cN\u1ebfu t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ecfe, chuy\u1ebfn n\u00e0y t\u00f4i s\u1ebd m\u1edf m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u1ea5n h\u00e0nh b\u00ean \u00c2u-M\u1ef9, l\u00fac \u1ea5y ch\u00fang ta l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i g\u1eb7p g\u1ee1 l\u00e0ng v\u0103n...\u201d. Ba n\u0103m sau khi \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t, tr\u00ean t\u1edd b\u00e1o Tr\u00e0ng An \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 b\u00e0i vi\u1ebft \u201cHo\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 v\u0103n m\u1edbi\u201d. Trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1: \u201cB\u00e1o \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u0111\u00f3n nh\u1eadn n\u1ed3ng h\u1eadu, \u0111em l\u1ea1i c\u1ea3i c\u00e1ch s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng trong l\u00e0ng b\u00e1o. V\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t n\u1ed9i dung ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 g\u00ec t\u00edch c\u1ef1c, v\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng...\u201d (Tr\u00e0ng An, 30\/10\/1936). Sau \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c b\u00e1o Phong h\u00f3a v\u00e0 Ng\u00e0y nay \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng canh t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4ng T\u00e2y v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t. N\u1ebfu g\u1ecdi Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu l\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1ed5 v\u0103n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u01b0a th\u1ecfa \u0111\u00e1ng v\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u s\u00e2u h\u01a1n n\u1eefa m\u1edbi x\u00e1c l\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng. Nh\u01b0ng Ho\u00e0ng T\u00edch Chu l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean vi\u1ebft v\u0103n m\u1edbi v\u00e0 c\u00e1ch t\u00e2n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed cho h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng m\u1edbi l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 phai m\u1edd trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 20 c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ch\u00fang ta\u201d. 149"]