Ke-chuyen-danh-nhan-viet-nam-tap-5-danh-nhan-quan-su-viet-nam

["B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM trung t\u00e1 Ansart c\u00f2n c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t gian kh\u00e9t ti\u1ebfng nh\u01b0 T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0110\u1ed7 H\u1eefu Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng), \u0110\u1ed9i T\u1ea5n (Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ea5n), Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ed9c (Tr\u1ea7n B\u00e1 L\u1ed9c). Nh\u1eefng con ch\u00f3 s\u0103n \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1eabn l\u1ed1i cho \u0111\u1ea1i binh h\u00f9ng h\u1ed5 ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng d\u1ecdc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n, ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch \u0111\u00e1nh nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 21\/6 ch\u00fang m\u1edbi \u0111\u1eb7t ch\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn ch\u1ee3 R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu h\u01a1n g\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u l\u1ea7n. Trong l\u00fac nguy kh\u1ed1n n\u00e0y, ph\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edbng L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ky t\u00ecnh nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n r\u00fat lui theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 H\u00f2n Ch\u00f4ng. Theo nh\u00e0 v\u0103n S\u01a1n Nam \u1edf th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc n\u00e0y \u201cTh\u1ea5y gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn, L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ky v\u00e0 c\u00f4 Ba \u0110\u1ecf bi\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1, d\u00f9ng m\u01b0u cho nh\u1eefng t\u00ean l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p, trong s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb b\u1eaft l\u00e0m con tin m\u1eb7c \u00e1o d\u00e0i, nai n\u1ecbt nh\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ecbch ng\u1ee1 b\u1ecdn Ph\u00e1p b\u1ecb b\u1eaft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang. Nh\u01b0ng Ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9 tr\u00e0n t\u1edbi...\u201d. Trong tr\u1eadn n\u00e0y, c\u00f4 Ba \u0110\u1ecf hy sinh anh d\u0169ng. V\u1ec1 sau, v\u00ec ki\u00eang h\u00fay n\u00ean nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00e0 \u0110i\u1ec1u. C\u00f2n L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ky tr\u1ed1n tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, nh\u01b0ng Ph\u1ee7 L\u1ed9c quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng thua. Y cho b\u1eaft c\u1ee5 L\u00e2m Kim Di\u1ec7u tra t\u1ea5n t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn, bu\u1ed9c \u00f4ng Ky ph\u1ea3i ra \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fa \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u m\u1ea1ng cho cha. \u00d4ng L\u00e2m V\u0103n Ky b\u1ecb \u00e1n ch\u00e9m t\u1ea1i ch\u1ee3 R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 ng\u00e0y 1\/7\/1868 nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u l\u1ea1 l\u00e0 tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 mang c\u1ea3 hai g\u00f4ng, ng\u1ee5 \u00fd ph\u1ea3i mang th\u00eam m\u1ed9t g\u00f4ng cho Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea9u tho\u00e1t! Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1c t\u1eeb Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u1ed1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng xu\u1ed1ng H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o H\u00f2n Ch\u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00ec Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 d\u1eadp t\u1eaft ng\u1ecdn l\u1eeda kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, t\u00ean quan t\u01b0 Bouchet Rivi\u00e8re ch\u1ec9 huy chi\u1ebfn thuy\u1ec1n Goenland \u0111\u1ebfn Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c kh\u1ea3o s\u00e1t t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh, r\u1ed3i tr\u1edf v\u00e0o giao t\u00ean ch\u00f3 s\u0103n Hu\u1ef3nh T\u1ea5n ch\u1ec9 huy 125 t\u00ean l\u00ednh \u201cm\u00e3 t\u00e0\u201d \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb G\u00f2 C\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 l\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o. T\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y t\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a L\u00e3nh binh Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ecbnh, sau ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i d\u1eabn gi\u1eb7c v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn khu \u201c\u0110\u00e1m l\u00e1 t\u1ed1i tr\u1eddi\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1eaft ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng n\u00e0y th\u00ec b\u00e2y gi\u1edd y l\u1ea1i ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i v\u00e2y b\u1eaft Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c. Do th\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt v\u00e0 c\u00f3 h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu n\u00ean y \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng th\u1ebf. Khi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat l\u00ean n\u00fai c\u1ed1 th\u1ee7, m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ec1u b\u1ecb y kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. 150","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Kh\u00f4ng l\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebft d\u1ea7n ch\u1ebft m\u00f2n \u01b0? Ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf, Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o: - Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p c\u0103m th\u00f9 t\u00f4i v\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n b\u1eaft t\u00f4i, chi b\u1eb1ng t\u00f4i ra h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 anh em \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00ecnh y\u00ean tr\u1edf v\u1ec1. Ai n\u1ea5y n\u1eafm \u00e1o \u00f4ng v\u00e0 kh\u00f3c r\u00f2ng: - \u00day kh\u00f4ng n\u00ean l\u00e0m nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i th\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng s\u1ed1ng c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u00day. \u00d4ng v\u1eabn c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft: - Gi\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ta, nh\u01b0ng l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea1n r\u1ed3i th\u00ec ta c\u0169ng ch\u1ebft n\u01a1i x\u00f3 r\u1eebng n\u00e0y th\u00f4i. Ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf c\u00f3 \u00edch g\u00ec? Gi\u1eb7c b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4i th\u00ec m\u1eebng l\u1eafm, ch\u1eafc ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ebfn anh em. N\u1ebfu th\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00f4i, anh em c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng s\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 lo r\u00e8n binh luy\u1ec7n ki\u1ebfm \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c b\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c. Sau \u0111\u00f3, Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c vi\u1ebft l\u00e1 th\u01b0 cho T\u1ea5n, \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fd, n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ebft h\u1ea1i c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n th\u00ec \u00f4ng s\u1ebd t\u1ef1 m\u00ecnh ra n\u1ed9p m\u1ea1ng. T\u1ea5n m\u1eebng r\u00fa nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0ng. Y \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd. B\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng m\u1edbi ngo\u00e0i 30 xu\u00e2n, T\u1ea5n c\u00f9ng t\u00ean quan t\u01b0 Bouchet Rivi\u00e8re v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0a xu\u1ed1ng t\u00e0u v\u00e0o R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. Trong l\u00fac t\u00e0u ch\u1ea1y, T\u1ea5n m\u1eb7t d\u00e0y m\u00e0y d\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u01a1 tr\u1ebbn khuy\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c n\u00ean h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 an to\u00e0n t\u00ednh m\u1ea1ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng vinh hoa ph\u00fa qu\u00fd. Nh\u1ed5 to\u1eb9t m\u1ed9t b\u00e3i n\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecdt khinh b\u1ec9, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1p kh\u00ed kh\u00e1i: - T\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c th\u00f4i, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 gi\u00fap cho t\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00f4ng? T\u1ea5n kh\u1ea5p kh\u1edfi m\u1eebng th\u1ea7m v\u00e0 l\u1eafng tai nghe. \u00d4ng g\u1eb1n gi\u1ecdng: - \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao m\u1ed9t ch\u1ee9c g\u00ec m\u00e0 t\u00f4i c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ebft l\u0169 gi\u1eb7c T\u00e2y! Tho\u1ea1t nghe th\u1ebf, T\u1ea5n ho\u1ea3ng s\u1ee3 co r\u00fam ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea1i. Gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t sau, y th\u00e9t l\u00ean nh\u01b0 th\u00fa hoang tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n: - Th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn nh\u01b0 chim trong l\u1ed3ng, c\u00e1 trong ch\u1eadu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n d\u00e1m n\u00f3i chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sao? \u00d4ng nh\u1ebfch m\u00e9p: 151","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM - Bao gi\u1edd T\u00e2y nh\u1ed5 h\u1ebft c\u1ecf n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam m\u1edbi h\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e1nh T\u00e2y! C\u00e2u n\u00f3i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng n\u00e0y l\u00e0 kh\u00ed ph\u00e1ch, l\u00e0 t\u00e2m th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng \u201cngo\u00e0i c\u1eadt ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t manh \u00e1o v\u1ea3i\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng h\u00e1 mi\u1ec7ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a T\u1ea5n n\u1eefa. \u0110\u1ebfn kh\u00e1m l\u1edbn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1ea9m v\u1ea5n, qua b\u1ea3n h\u1ecfi cung do Piquet ghi l\u1ea1i, ta th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u00e0nh m\u1ea1ch v\u00e0 c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ebft ngay m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 T\u1ea5n xin \u00e2n x\u00e1 cho \u00f4ng. Kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i T\u1ea5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng y\u00eau g\u00ec \u00f4ng m\u00e0 y ch\u1ec9 mu\u1ed1n l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng th\u00eam m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa, \u0111\u00e3 chi\u00eau d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t anh h\u00f9ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ed9ng t\u00e1c v\u1edbi \u201ct\u00e2n tr\u00e0o\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u0169ng c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn ch\u00f3 s\u0103n c\u1ee7a y. Vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a T\u1ea5n t\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 g\u1ee3i \u00fd c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c Nam k\u1ef3 Ohier, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eddi chung v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u201c\u0111\u1eb7c \u00e2n\u201d n\u00e0y. Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 lay chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ch\u00ed s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec1n ch\u00ed l\u1ea5y m\u00e1u r\u1eeda nh\u1ee5c non s\u00f4ng, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ebft Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c. \u0110\u1ec3 uy hi\u1ebfp tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, t\u1eeb S\u00e0i G\u00f2n ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 Ki\u00ean Giang. Ng\u00e0y 27\/10\/1868, t\u1eeb t\u00f2a b\u1ed1 (nay UBNB t\u1ec9nh) \u00f4ng b\u1ecb d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng. Nghe tin, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn v\u0129nh bi\u1ec7t \u00f4ng. Theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft, c\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 b\u00e0 con t\u1eeb T\u00e0 Ni\u00ean - n\u01a1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 ngh\u1ec1 d\u1ec7t chi\u1ebfu - \u0111\u00e3 mang t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu hoa c\u1ea1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ea3i su\u1ed1t \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u00f4ng b\u01b0\u1edbc ra ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00ean c\u1ed5. \u0110i\u1ec1u th\u00fa v\u1ecb l\u00e0 l\u00fac b\u1ecb x\u1eed ch\u00e9m, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ef3 tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfc chi\u1ebfu c\u00f3 h\u00ecnh ch\u1eef \u201cth\u1ecd\u201d \u0111\u1ecf r\u1ef1c nh\u01b0 son. Uy th\u1ebf l\u1eebng l\u1eaby c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 n\u00e0o d\u00e1m vung \u0111ao. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u tho\u00e1i th\u00e1c nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p c\u00f9ng b\u1ecdn Vi\u1ec7t gian b\u1eaft t\u00ean \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 B\u00f2n T\u01b0a ph\u1ea3i ch\u00e9m \u00f4ng. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5, \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00eam can \u0111\u1ea3m t\u00ean n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1c r\u01b0\u1ee3u say m\u00e8m, nh\u01b0ng khi b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eb7t \u00f4ng b\u1ed7ng h\u1eafn run l\u1eadp c\u1eadp, m\u1eb7t m\u00e0y t\u00e1i m\u00e9t kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t gi\u1ecdt m\u00e1u. H\u1eafn qu\u1ef3 xu\u1ed1ng, x\u00e1 \u00f4ng ba x\u00e1 xin tha t\u1ed9i v\u00e0 h\u1ecfi \u00f4ng c\u00f3 nguy\u1ec7n v\u1ecdng g\u00ec? Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 xin 152","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM u\u1ed1ng tr\u00e1i d\u1eeba t\u01b0\u01a1i, u\u1ed1ng xong \u00f4ng ung dung \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tuy\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1eef H\u00e1n: Theo vi\u1ec7c binh nhung thu\u1edf tr\u1ebb trai, Phong tr\u1ea7n h\u0103ng h\u00e1i tu\u1ed1t g\u01b0\u01a1m d\u00e0i. Anh h\u00f9ng g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i h\u1ed3i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea5t, Th\u00f9 h\u1eadn chan chan ch\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u1eddi. (\u0110\u00f4ng H\u1ed3 d\u1ecbch) C\u00f3 l\u1ebd \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi sau ca ng\u1ee3i c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, ch\u1ee9 ch\u01b0a h\u1eb3n \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ecdc th\u01a1 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00ec ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1ed9 v\u00e0 kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. C\u0169ng theo truy\u1ec1n thuy\u1ebft d\u00e2n gian, khi \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00eca ra kh\u1ecfi c\u1ed5, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a hai tay n\u00e2ng l\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u00f4ng r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7t l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean c\u1ed5 r\u1ed3i c\u1ea3 th\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1edbi ng\u00e3 g\u1ee5c xu\u1ed1ng n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea5t. Ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ho\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m ph\u1ee5c. K\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 thay, l\u00fac \u1ea5y hai tr\u00f2ng m\u1eaft v\u1eabn s\u00e1ng qu\u1eaft, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111ao ph\u1ee7 B\u00f2n T\u01b0a m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng t\u00ean l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p khi nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u k\u00eau l\u00ean th\u1ea5t thanh r\u1ed3i h\u1ed9c m\u00e1u ch\u1ebft t\u01b0\u01a1i! C\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y nghe hoang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, nh\u01b0ng ng\u1ee5 \u00fd c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n gian l\u00e0 mu\u1ed1n ca ng\u1ee3i ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ea7u ch\u1ebft \u0111i, nh\u01b0ng tinh th\u1ea7n b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i, v\u1eabn qu\u1eadt ng\u00e3 k\u1ebb th\u00f9. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ki\u00ean Giang \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh k\u00ednh g\u1ecdi Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c l\u00e0 \u00f4ng So\u00e1i - t\u01b0\u1edbng So\u00e1i, \u00day (t\u1eeb ch\u1ee9c danh Th\u00e0nh th\u1ee7 \u00fay H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean do tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh phong), \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n, c\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n... v\u00e0 ki\u00eang g\u1ecdi t\u00ean th\u1eadt. Nh\u00e0 th\u01a1 Hu\u1ef3nh M\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3c th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft: Th\u1eafng b\u1ea1i chi b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e0i tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e1 kh\u00fac gian tru\u00e2n. L\u1eeda b\u1eebng Nh\u1eadt T\u1ea3o r\u00e2m tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t, Ki\u1ebfm tu\u1ed1t Ki\u00ean Giang r\u1ee3n qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n. M\u1ed9t s\u1edbm nh\u1eb9 m\u00ecnh n\u00eau ti\u1ebft ngh\u0129a, \u0110\u00f4i d\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ecdn ch\u1eef b\u00e1o qu\u00e2n th\u00e2n. Anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee9ng c\u1ed5 danh th\u01a1m m\u00e3i, L\u0169 ch\u1ebft khom l\u01b0ng ch\u1ebft th\u1eb9n d\u1ea7n. (Th\u00e1i B\u1ea1ch d\u1ecbch) 153","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM M\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c th\u1ecd \u00e1n thu\u1edf \u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n \u201cch\u1ee3 nh\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng\u201d R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1, l\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd c\u00f2n c\u00e2y da c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5, ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1n n\u0103m 1947. Tr\u00ean mi\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea5t th\u1ea5m m\u00e1u v\u1ecb anh h\u00f9ng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y l\u00ean Nh\u00e0 Gi\u00e2y Th\u00e9p, v\u1ec1 sau l\u00e0 Ty B\u01b0u \u0110i\u1ec7n t\u1ec9nh l\u00ee. B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 c\u1ea5m \u0111o\u00e1n c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i Ki\u00ean Giang, Ph\u00fa Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 t\u1ea1i qu\u00ea h\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y, ngay sau khi \u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbch h\u00e0nh h\u00ecnh, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0ng V\u0129nh Thanh V\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a c\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9c d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1edd c\u00e1ch v\u00e0m bi\u1ec3n R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 v\u00e0i tr\u0103m m\u00e9t, c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec1n c\u00f3 c\u00e2y \u0111a c\u1ed5 th\u1ee5, quanh n\u0103m t\u1ecfa b\u00f3ng m\u00e1t. M\u00e1i l\u1ee3p ng\u00f3i \u00e2m d\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ed9t b\u1eb1ng g\u1ed7, v\u00ec s\u1ee3 gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n n\u00ean trong \u0111\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u00e0i v\u1ecb ghi t\u00ean th\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea7m b\u1ea3o nhau \u201c\u0111\u00ecnh \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n\u201d, tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng ng\u1ee5y trang b\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5m b\u1ea3ng ghi \u201c\u0110\u00ecnh Nam H\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n\u201d t\u1ee9c \u0110\u00ecnh th\u1edd c\u00e1 \u00d4ng. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1964, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 kh\u1edfi c\u00f4ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ea1i ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0y v\u00e0 kh\u00e1nh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 24\/12\/1970. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ed5ng \u0111\u00ecnh, c\u00f3 \u0111\u1eafp n\u1ed5i hai c\u00e2u li\u1ec5n tr\u00edch t\u1eeb b\u00e0i th\u01a1 c\u1ee7a Hu\u1ef3nh M\u1eabn \u0110\u1ea1t ca ng\u1ee3i chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng hi\u1ebfn h\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c: H\u1ecfa h\u1ed3ng Nh\u1eadt T\u1ea3o oanh thi\u00ean \u0111\u1ecba, Ki\u1ebfm b\u1ea1t Ki\u00ean Giang kh\u1ea5p qu\u1ef7 th\u1ea7n. B\u00e0n th\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i Ki\u00ean Giang 154","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM L\u1ec5 t\u01b0\u1edfng ni\u1ec7m anh h\u00f9ng Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c t\u1ea1i Ki\u00ean Giang (2004) Ng\u00e0y nay, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 28\/8 (\u00c2m l\u1ecbch) nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn trong ba ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1edb \u00f4ng, l\u00e0 nhu c\u1ea7u t\u00e2m linh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng s\u00f4ng C\u1eedu Long v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ngo\u00e0i ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u1edf trung t\u00e2m th\u1ecb x\u00e3, c\u00f2n c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i \u0111\u00ecnh c\u0169ng th\u1edd Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c \u1edf T\u00e0 Ni\u00ean, l\u1ec5 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y 16, 17 th\u00e1ng gi\u00eang (\u00e2m l\u1ecbch). N\u0103m 2000, t\u1ec9nh Ki\u00ean Giang \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean mang t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 2,7 t\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ed3ng. C\u00f4ng vi\u00ean n\u00e0y n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean n\u1ec1n \u201cch\u1ee3 nh\u00e0 l\u1ed3ng\u201d c\u0169 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch 3.500 m\u00e9t vu\u00f4ng, thu\u1ed9c ph\u01b0\u1eddng V\u0129nh Thanh V\u00e2n, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 R\u1ea1ch Gi\u00e1 (Ki\u00ean Giang) v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1ng m\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh: s\u00e2n h\u00e0nh l\u1ec5, \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i b\u1ed9, \u0111\u00e0i phun n\u01b0\u1edbc, th\u00e1p chu\u00f4ng v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u00f4ng vi\u00ean ph\u1ee5 ch\u1ea1y d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd k\u00e8 s\u00f4ng B\u1ea1ch \u0110\u1eb1ng. Tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Trung Tr\u1ef1c s\u1ed1ng m\u00e3i c\u00f9ng s\u1ef1 tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a non s\u00f4ng g\u1ea5m v\u00f3c. 155","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m b\u1ec1n gan kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p N\u0103m gi\u1edd s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 1\/9\/1858 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ngang ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng - m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \u0110\u1ec3 t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t v\u1ebft \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o t\u1ea9y x\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ng\u1eabu nhi\u00ean c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng D\u1ecb Ch\u1ebf, x\u00e3 Minh Khai, huy\u1ec7n Ch\u00e2n dung Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m (1858-1913) Ti\u00ean L\u1eef (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean) c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ee9a tr\u1ebb m\u1edbi ch\u00e0o \u0111\u1eddi. Ti\u1ebfng kh\u00f3c oa oa l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u1ecdp r\u1ed1ng. C\u1eadu b\u00e9 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m. L\u1edbn l\u00ean Th\u00e1m gia nh\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c kh\u1ecfe v\u00e0 t\u00e0i tr\u00ed m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00ean th\u1eddi gian sau, Th\u00e1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1ed9t to\u00e1n qu\u00e2n v\u00e0i ch\u1ee5c ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Nh\u01b0ng g\u01b0\u01a1m c\u00f9n, m\u1eafc ng\u1eafn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n b\u1ecb d\u00ecm trong m\u00e1u. Th\u00e1m b\u01a1 v\u01a1 \u0111i t\u00ecm minh ch\u1ee7 m\u1edbi. Nghe \u0111\u1ed3n \u1edf Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t h\u00e0o ph\u00fa, Th\u00e1m li\u1ec1n ph\u00f3ng ng\u1ef1a \u0111i 156","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u00ecm. Tay h\u00e0o ph\u00fa \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u01b0\u1edbc \u1edf \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 Ba Ph\u1ee9c. Sau khi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn, Th\u00e1m c\u00f9ng Ba Ph\u1ee9c b\u00e0n b\u1ea1c vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n th\u00ec l\u1ea5y l\u00e0m t\u00e2m \u0111\u1eafc l\u1eafm. Th\u00e1m nh\u1eadn Ba Ph\u1ee9c l\u00e0m cha nu\u00f4i v\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u00e1nh tay ph\u1ea3i c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn nh\u1ecf n\u00e0o Ba Ph\u1ee9c c\u0169ng \u0111\u1ec1u h\u1ecfi qua \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1m. Ng\u00e0y 12\/3\/1884 nghe tin Ph\u00e1p s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea5y B\u1eafc Ninh, Ba Ph\u1ee9c h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh t\u1ebf c\u1edd khao qu\u00e2n r\u1ed3i \u0111em qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00f3 tung ho\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t phen. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn, nh\u01b0ng tr\u1ee9ng l\u00e0m sao ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e1? Qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ba Ph\u1ee9c tan v\u1ee1. Ba Ph\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Th\u00e1m k\u00e9o t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n \u0111i t\u00ecm Ho\u00e0ng \u0110\u00ecnh Kinh - t\u1ee5c g\u1ecdi Cai Kinh - m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang d\u1ea5y binh \u1edf n\u00fai \u0110\u1ed3ng N\u00e3i. Sau khi Ba Ph\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Th\u00e1m t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, tham gia v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn, Cai Kinh nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y Th\u00e1m l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e2m ph\u00fac v\u00e0 m\u01b0u tr\u00ed h\u01a1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00ean c\u1eed \u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ed1c, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi quen g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. Chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ee7a Cai Kinh kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u, th\u00ec Cai Kinh b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft v\u00e0 ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 6\/7\/1888. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc \u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u1ea5y t\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0111\u1eb7t cho d\u00e3y n\u00fai \u0110\u1ed3ng N\u00e3i m\u00e0 \u00f4ng t\u1eebng \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n l\u00e0 n\u00fai Cai Kinh. L\u00fac b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, \u1edf Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf \u0111ang vang d\u1ed9i t\u00ean tu\u1ed5i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 N\u1eafm, t\u1ee9c L\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n N\u1eafm, g\u00e2y cho gi\u1eb7c nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn th\u1ea5t \u0111i\u00ean b\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea3o. Th\u00e1m t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00ean Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf (1) S\u1ef1 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m t\u1ea1i Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i tr\u00ean 20 n\u0103m \u0111\u00e3 l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i v\u1ebft son r\u1ef1c r\u1ee1 trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1eadn \u0111\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam: \u0110\u1ea5t n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee5 \u0110\u1ec1, T\u00e2y l\u00ean th\u00ec c\u00f3, T\u00e2y v\u1ec1 th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng V\u00e0 mu\u00f4n \u0111\u1eddi sau khi n\u00f3i \u0111\u1ebfn Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf bu\u1ed9c ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i nh\u1edb \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi oanh li\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t con ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 H\u00f9m Thi\u00eang Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf: Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m, t\u1ee9c \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. (1) Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf: Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u00ean huy\u1ec7n. Th\u1eddi L\u00fd n\u1eb1m trong \u0111\u1ea5t L\u1ea1ng Ch\u00e2u. Th\u1eddi Tr\u1ea7n mang t\u00ean l\u00e0 Y\u00ean Vi\u1ec5n thu\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 Nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec7t Giang. Khi nh\u00e0 Minh \u0111\u00f4 h\u1ed9, huy\u1ec7n mang t\u00ean Thanh Vi\u1ec5n. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eddi L\u00ea \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Th\u1eddi Nguy\u1ec5n g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1o Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf, ly s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh T\u1ec9nh \u0110\u1ea1i (1874). Ng\u00e0y 24\/12\/1895 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ea1o quan binh Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf, gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n t\u1ed5ng Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf, nh\u1eadp hai t\u1ed5ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0129, H\u1eefu Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a H\u1eefu L\u0169ng v\u00e0 Ng\u1ecdc C\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Y\u00ean D\u0169ng sang. N\u0103m 1899 thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea1o quan binh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i l\u00fd Nh\u00e3 Nam. \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u0111\u1ed5i l\u00e0 ph\u1ee7 Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Ng\u00e0y 6\/9\/1957 Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ra Ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ed1 532 TTg chia huy\u1ec7n th\u00e0nh Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf v\u00e0 T\u00e2n Y\u00ean. (Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ng\u00f4n x\u1ee9 B\u1eafc - Kh\u1ed5ng \u0110\u1ee9c Thi\u00eam, Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh B\u01b0u - S\u1edf VHTT v\u00e0 TT H\u00e0 B\u1eafc XB 1994). 157","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM N\u0103m 1890 To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Lanessan v\u00e0 Th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0\u1edbng Douchemin, t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i vi\u1ec5n x\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3 c\u1eed t\u01b0\u1edbng Godil v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Godard \u0111em qu\u00e2n l\u00ean Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra. Kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7m c\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m cho qu\u00e2n r\u00fat s\u00e2u v\u00e0o r\u1eebng Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. T\u1ea1i H\u1ed1 Chu\u1ed1i, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed3n ki\u00ean c\u1ed1. \u0110\u00e1nh h\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p li\u1ec1n k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n l\u00ean ngh\u00eanh chi\u1ebfn. Ch\u00fang tung h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c su\u1ed1t m\u1ea5y ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t xung phong l\u00ean. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i r\u00fat lui. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n \u0111\u00fang con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c s\u1ebd quay lui khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c H\u1ed1 Chu\u1ed1i. Qu\u1ea3 \u0111\u00fang nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, gi\u1eb7c ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh quay lui. Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ec1, b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn d\u1eef d\u1ed9i. Th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf, gi\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat v\u1ec1 Nh\u00e3 Nam. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0y c\u00f2n k\u00e9o d\u00e0i m\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng sao ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, khi\u1ebfn hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ecfi m\u1ec7t. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1893, Ba Ph\u1ee9c - cha nu\u00f4i c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m - v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng n\u1ed5i gian kh\u1ed5 n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e8n h\u1ea1 ra \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng gi\u1eb7c. Tin n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m r\u1ea5t \u0111au l\u00f2ng. T\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u1ebf t\u1ef1u k\u1ebf, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng b\u1eafn tin l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd ra h\u00e0ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19\/4\/1893. S\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y \u0111\u00f3 th\u00ec \u00f4ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed5i qua ng\u00e0y 29. Thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Barri h\u00ed h\u1eedng d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1eb9n \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng n\u00e0y. Khi g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i th\u00ec ch\u00fang b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch. Ch\u00fang thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui. T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111i v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c. L\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1nh xu\u1ea5t qu\u1ef7 nh\u1eadp th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m khi\u1ebfn gi\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng hao binh t\u1ed5n t\u01b0\u1edbng. Ch\u00fang b\u00e8n m\u01b0\u1ee3n tay Ba Ph\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. L\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh ngh\u0129a cha con, Ba Ph\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f2 l\u00ean c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, sau khi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ng\u1ee7, y l\u1ebbn d\u1eady m\u1edf tr\u00e1p, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ef1ng qu\u1ea3 m\u00ecn n\u1ed5 ch\u1eadm. Y ch\u00e2m l\u1eeda \u0111\u1eb7t d\u01b0\u1edbi gi\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111ang gi\u1ea3 v\u1edd nh\u01b0 ng\u1ee7 say, r\u1ed3i th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y ra ngo\u00e0i. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng qua m\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, \u00f4ng li\u1ec1n d\u1eadp l\u1eeda, cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat ra ngo\u00e0i t\u00ecm n\u01a1i tr\u00fa \u1ea9n an to\u00e0n. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng cho m\u00ecn n\u1ed5! Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Ba Ph\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1u y\u00ean tr\u00ed l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft n\u00ean l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n l\u00ean c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. Ch\u00fang ngh\u00eanh ngang nh\u01b0 v\u00e0o ch\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng, Ba Ph\u1ee9c v\u00e0 L\u00ea Hoan - T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c B\u1eafc Ninh - hi\u00ean ngang, v\u00eanh v\u00e1o \u0111i \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, b\u1ea5t 158","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM C\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh gan d\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m th\u00ecnh l\u00ecnh h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ea1n b\u1eafn ra nh\u01b0 m\u01b0a. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m c\u1ea7m g\u01b0\u01a1m x\u00f4ng t\u1edbi. B\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, gi\u1eb7c ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 r\u1ea1, ph\u1ea3i quay \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 ch\u1ea1y. Sau chi\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m cho r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. Ph\u1ea1m vi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1ecdc tr\u1eddi kho\u00e1y n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u1ed5 ra. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 l\u1ea1i l\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Galli\u00e9ni sang \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. H\u1eafn l\u00e0 cha \u0111\u1ebb c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt V\u1ebft d\u1ea7u loang n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng, t\u1eebng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng khi \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c, \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e2u cho m\u1edf ch\u1ee3, d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3n l\u0169y, c\u1ea5p ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai\u2026 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi v\u00e0 lan r\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 V\u1ebft d\u1ea7u loang. Ch\u00ednh nh\u1edd chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y, Galli\u00e9ni \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p truy t\u1eb7ng Th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf. Khi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m b\u1eb1ng con m\u1eaft nhi\u1ec1u kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng, h\u1eafn quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 L\u0169ng L\u1ea1t, v\u00ec \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ec3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c L\u0169ng L\u1ea1t, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat lui v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi Galli\u00e9ni. \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n m\u00e0 h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh cho ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft H\u00e0 159","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM N\u1ed9i -L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u00e1p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh nh\u1eb1m r\u00fat ng\u1eafn th\u1eddi gian v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n v\u0169 kh\u00ed, l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh. Ng\u00e0y 17.9.1894, \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft c\u00f3c t\u00ean th\u01b0\u01a1ng gia Chesnay - ch\u1ee7 nhi\u1ec7m b\u00e1o L\u2019avenir du Tonkin, v\u00e0 Logion - ch\u1ee7 th\u1ea7u kho\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng s\u1eaft L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. V\u1edbi hai con tin n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m bu\u1ed9c gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3ng h\u00f2a v\u1edbi \u00f4ng. Do \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh qu\u1ed1c n\u00ean th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t ra l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ecf ra 15.000 \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ea1c tr\u1eafng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ed9c con tin v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi b\u1ed1n t\u1ed5ng Nh\u00e3 Nam, M\u1ee5c S\u01a1n, Y\u00ean L\u1ec5, H\u1eefu Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m cai qu\u1ea3n. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 di\u1ec5n ra trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t n\u0103m. Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1895, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p tr\u00e1o tr\u1edf g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Galli\u00e9ni l\u1ea1i nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c. Nh\u01b0ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng d\u1eef d\u1ed9i b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u1ed3 \u1ea1t c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh v\u1edbi binh l\u1ef1c h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n v\u00e0o r\u1eebng, di chuy\u1ec3n tr\u00ean b\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc Giang, B\u1eafc Ninh, Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, Galli\u00e9ni v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. \u0110\u00fang nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 th\u00fa nh\u1eadn c\u1ee7a s\u0129 quan Barthouet, t\u1eebng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Galli\u00e9ni vi\u1ebft sau n\u00e0y trong h\u1ed3i k\u00fd Th\u1ea3m k\u1ecbch Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 k\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i: \u201c\u0110\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m, trong m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3y cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh ch\u1ec9 huy cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng ch\u1ec9 huy cu\u1ed9c vi\u1ec5n chinh \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1900 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u01b0\u1edbng Galli\u00e9ni b\u1ea5t t\u1eed, v\u1ecb c\u1ee9u tinh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng Marne, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u00fang ta v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 can \u0111\u1ea3m v\u00e0 l\u00f2ng ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y cho ch\u00fang ta r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t. \u00d4ng ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn th\u1ea7n k\u1ef3 \u1edf Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Bi\u1ebft bao binh s\u0129 d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m da tr\u1eafng, da m\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n n\u1eb1m l\u1ea1i \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y\u201d. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, Galli\u00e9ni xin h\u1ed3i h\u01b0\u01a1ng, l\u00fd do m\u00e0 h\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0a ra v\u00ec To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Rousseau qu\u00e1 d\u00e8 d\u1eb7t n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m h\u1ecfng th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a h\u1eafn! C\u0169ng trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, sau th\u1eddi gian du h\u1ecdc tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, K\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n C\u1ea9m \u0111\u00e3 xin m\u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. S\u1ef1 th\u1eadt, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y nh\u1eb1m gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u trong r\u1eebng s\u00e2u. S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m n\u00e0y b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh h\u01a1i, khuya 22\/9\/1897 t\u00ean thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 P\u00e9roz \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt b\u1eaft K\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ed3ng. L\u1ea9n l\u00fat m\u00e3i trong 160","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM r\u1eebng s\u00e2u thi\u1ebfu th\u1ed1n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n n\u00ean \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfn. S\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n ra kh\u00e1 su\u00f4ng s\u1ebb, v\u00ec \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, To\u00e0n quy\u1ec1n Rousseau qua \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 Paul Doumer sang thay th\u1ebf. Paul Doumer \u0111ang c\u00f3 d\u1ef1 \u00e1n m\u1edf mang kinh doanh \u0111\u1ec3 thu l\u1ee3i, n\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c b\u00e1n phi\u1ebfu qu\u1ed1c tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea5y 200 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00e0m v\u1ed1n khai th\u00e1c c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3i \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. N\u1ebfu \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f2n r\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 t\u01a1 v\u00f2, ch\u01b0a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh xong th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n y \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb n\u00e0y? Do \u0111\u00f3, khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m - \u0111\u01a1n vi\u1ebft nh\u01b0 sau: \u201c\u00dd nguy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i l\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e9p \u1edf l\u1ea1i Ph\u1ed3n X\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 khai hoang v\u1edbi 25 th\u1ee7 h\u1ea1 c\u00f3 kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi. N\u1ebfu \u00fd nguy\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n, t\u00f4i s\u1ebd tu\u00e2n theo ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ng\u0103n \u0111e c\u00e1c th\u1ee7 h\u1ea1 c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng cho h\u1ecd l\u1ea1m quy\u1ec1n. Sau ba n\u0103m ch\u00fang t\u00f4i s\u1ebd ph\u1ee5c t\u00f9ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 chung, ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t ch\u1ecbu thu\u1ebf \u0111i\u1ec1n. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i c\u1ea7n ti\u1ec1n c\u1ea3i t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ea5t \u0111ai, t\u00f4i mong ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1\u201d. Paul Doumer \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ngay v\u00ec y ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u1ea7m s\u00fang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb9p tr\u1eddi c\u1ee7a th\u00e1ng 12\/1897 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1ea7n h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1edf ph\u1ed3n x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m ra s\u1ee9c chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c n\u01a1i v\u1ec1 l\u00e0m ru\u1ed9ng, khai th\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n \u0111i\u1ec1n Ph\u1ed3n X\u01b0\u01a1ng. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i l\u00e0m d\u00e2n c\u00e0y, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn h\u00e0o, r\u00e8n s\u00fang, \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u1ea1n\u2026 V\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Ph\u1ed3n X\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01a1i \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00f3ng v\u1ec1 m\u00e0 \u201cnu\u00f4i ch\u00ed b\u1ec1n\u201d v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i c\u00e1c ch\u00ed s\u0129 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u01b0 Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u, Phan Ch\u00e2u Trinh... \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. 161","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u01b0ng t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9o d\u00e0i, v\u00ec n\u0103m 1902 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng xe l\u1eeda H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i - L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh, quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng c\u1ea7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 n\u00ean gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecm c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. L\u00fac n\u00e0y, \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ra \u0110\u1ea3ng Ngh\u0129a H\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ea3ng n\u00e0y m\u00f3c n\u1ed1i v\u1edbi binh l\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111ang ph\u1ee5c v\u1ee5 trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 Ph\u00e1p, li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y n\u00ean s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7: v\u1ee5 H\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c! Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ecf thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ee9c \u0103n \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c binh l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p, th\u00ec c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u1eeb Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp k\u1ebft s\u00e1t H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i s\u1ebd k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh nh\u1eb1m chi\u1ebfm th\u00e0nh H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. R\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfc s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra v\u1ee5 H\u00e0 Th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee9 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 m\u01b0u. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n m\u00e0 ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1edf cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1909 gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u n\u1ed5 s\u00fang. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh t\u00e2m ph\u00fac, t\u00e0i gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 C\u1ea3 Bi\u1ec3u, C\u1ea3 Tr\u1ecdng, C\u1ea3 Hu\u1ef3nh v.v\u2026 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u oanh li\u1ec7t. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u lan r\u1ed9ng ra c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Ph\u00fac Y\u00ean, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tam Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf b\u1ecb ch\u00e9m \u0111\u1ea7u sau v\u1ee5 H\u00e0 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ed9c (1908) 162","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1ea3o, Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf\u2026 \u0110\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11\/1909 gi\u1eb7c bao v\u00e2y Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. Trong l\u00fac th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf, \u0111i t\u00ecm ngu\u1ed3n l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u00ec v\u1ee3 ba c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m b\u1ecb b\u1eaft. B\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1eef t\u01b0\u1edbng m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c, gan d\u1ea1 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u c\u1ed1ng hi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Do \u0111\u00f3, vi\u1ec7c b\u00e0 sa v\u00e0o tay gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh \u0111\u00f3, C\u1ea3 Tr\u1ecdng - con trai \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m - c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh kh\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng hy sinh. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m tan r\u00e3 d\u1ea7n. D\u00f9 c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh v\u1edbi hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u t\u00e2m ph\u00fac, nh\u01b0ng \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1ed1ng \u1ea9n n\u00e1u trong v\u00f9ng Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf. \u0110\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u00f4ng, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 tung ti\u1ec1n ra \u0111\u1ec3 mua chu\u1ed9c cha con L\u01b0\u01a1ng Tam K\u1ef3. Chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 9\/2\/1913 b\u1ecdn n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm g\u1eb7p \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ra tay s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i \u00f4ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nhi\u1ec1u nghi v\u1ea5n, ch\u01b0a ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u1ea3. Ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1913 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n tan r\u00e3. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u0103m k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ee9c m\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed kh\u00e1ng Ph\u00e1p. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m, m\u01b0u l\u01b0\u1ee3c, s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Y\u00ean Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang b\u1ec1n b\u1ec9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. Nh\u00e0 y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc Phan B\u1ed9i Ch\u00e2u khi b\u00f4n ba \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft t\u00e1c ph\u1ea9m \u201cCh\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ca ng\u1ee3i tinh th\u1ea7n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u ngoan c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m. Trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n: \u201cThan \u00f4i! T\u1ed9i \u00e1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ng\u00fat tr\u1eddi, th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 th\u00ec g\u1ea5p h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m l\u1ea7n, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi ch\u00fang g\u1ea7n ba ch\u1ee5c n\u0103m tr\u1eddi. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng con ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n t\u0103m ti\u1ebfng l\u1eebng l\u1eaby. \u00d4ng th\u1eadt x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t Ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n, x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng v\u1edbi Ch\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n\u201d. Nh\u1edb \u01a1n \u00f4ng, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ca ng\u1ee3i: Ba m\u01b0\u01a1i n\u0103m kh\u1eafp n\u00fai r\u1eebng T\u00ean \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m vang l\u1eebng n\u00fai s\u00f4ng T\u00ean tu\u1ed5i \u0110\u1ec1 Th\u00e1m - Ho\u00e0ng Hoa Th\u00e1m tr\u1edf n\u00ean b\u1ea5t t\u1eed trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0. 163","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft X\u01b0\u1edbng ngh\u0129a C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng, d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00eam 4\/7\/1885. V\u1ea7ng tr\u0103ng m\u1ec7t m\u00f5i n\u00e9p m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng m\u00e2y. \u00c1nh s\u00e1ng nh\u1ee3t nh\u1ea1t soi xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111ang tr\u00f4i l\u1eefng l\u1edd... Trong T\u00f2a l\u00e3nh s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 trong \u0111\u1ed3n Mang C\u00e1 c\u1ee7a l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p, ti\u1ebfng khui s\u00e2m banh v\u1eabn n\u1ed5 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng. \u0110\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng De Courcy n\u00e2ng chi\u1ebfc ly pha l\u00ea trong veo v\u00e0 nheo m\u1eaft T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft (1839-1913) ng\u1eafm nh\u00ecn nh\u1eefng gi\u1ecdt r\u01b0\u1ee3u \u0111ang s\u1ee7i t\u0103m. Y ng\u1eeda c\u1ed5 n\u1ed1c c\u1ea1n. R\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u1ea3y v\u00e0o c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng \u0111\u00ea m\u00ea \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp t\u1eadn h\u01b0\u1edfng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat th\u00fa v\u1ecb \u1ea5y th\u00ec y gi\u1eadt th\u00f3t ng\u01b0\u1eddi - khi \u0111\u1ed9t nhi\u00ean nghe ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang n\u1ed5 vang tr\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1ea5y, kh\u00f4ng ai kh\u00e1c m\u00e0 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 v\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft. Ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c g\u1ea7m l\u00ean. C\u1ea3 kinh th\u00e0nh r\u1ef1c l\u1eeda. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat n\u00e0y, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u1edf ra giai \u0111o\u1ea1n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0o h\u00f9ng, nh\u00e2n s\u0129 h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc \u0111\u00e3 164","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u1ed3ng l\u00f2ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c theo l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi t\u1eeb Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng: \u201cD\u1ee5: D\u00f9ng binh c\u00f3 ba c\u00e1ch: \u0111\u00e1nh, gi\u1eef v\u00e0 h\u00f2a; \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0 gi\u1eef \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c kh\u00f4n c\u00f9ng. T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n, n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i theo k\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi x\u01b0a t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e1nh n\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc trong c\u01a1n hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o binh l\u1eeda. Tr\u1eabm c\u00f2n \u00edt tu\u1ed5i v\u1eabn ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch t\u1ef1 c\u01b0\u1eddng. S\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn, \u0111\u00f4 th\u00e0nh s\u1ed1ng trong s\u1ef1 n\u01a1m n\u1edbp lo \u00e2u, nguy c\u01a1 ch\u1ec9 trong s\u1edbm t\u1ed1i; Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3i m\u01b0u t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 v\u1eefng b\u1ec1n x\u00e3 t\u1eafc. N\u1ebfu nh\u01b0 ng\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ec3 v\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh c\u00fai \u0111\u1ea7u, th\u00ec sao b\u1eb1ng d\u00f2 x\u00e9t m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n vi\u1ec7c mai sau, v\u00ec th\u1ebf Tr\u1eabm nghi\u1ebfn r\u0103ng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn, mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft s\u1ea1ch qu\u00e2n th\u00f9! Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u0169 kh\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, sao b\u1eb1ng nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng? C\u00e1c quan nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft cho \u0111i\u1ec1u ngh\u0129a. Tr\u1eabm \u0111\u1ee9c m\u1ecfng, g\u1eb7p bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1, kh\u00f4ng mang h\u1ebft t\u00e0i s\u1ee9c ra l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, \u0111\u1ec3 kinh th\u00e0nh b\u1ecb v\u00e2y h\u00e3m, xe Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu ph\u1ea3i \u0111i xa \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 t\u1ed9i \u1edf Tr\u1eabm. C\u00e1c quan khanh s\u0129 bi\u1ebft lu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf Tr\u1eabm. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c h\u00e3y b\u00e0y m\u01b0u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f5 ngh\u1ec7 h\u00e3y gi\u00fap s\u1ee9c, ng\u01b0\u1eddi gi\u00e0u c\u00f3 h\u00e3y \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh, c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c, kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee3 gian nguy, sao cho g\u1ee1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1i h\u1ecda c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady tr\u1eddi c\u0169ng ph\u00f9 Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng 165","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00ec m\u00e0 chuy\u1ec3n lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh tr\u1ecb, gi\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1eb9n to\u00e0n, c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0y l\u00e0ng x\u00e3 v\u00e0 th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n sao ch\u1eb3ng quan t\u00e2m lo ngh\u0129. N\u1ebfu ai s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, cam ch\u1ecbu y\u00ean vui, lo cho vi\u1ec7c gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u01a1n lo vi\u1ec7c x\u00e3 t\u1eafc th\u00ec h\u00e3y ch\u1ed1i t\u1eeb. Ai tr\u00e1nh vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n m\u00e0 r\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169, b\u1ecf ch\u1ed7 s\u00e1ng lao v\u00e0o ch\u1ed7 t\u1ed1i, s\u1ed1ng l\u00e9n l\u00fat vui th\u00fa v\u1edbi \u0111\u00e0n b\u00e0, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u1ed9i v\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, ph\u00e1p lu\u1eadt s\u1ebd tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb, h\u1ed1i v\u1ec1 sau th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 mu\u1ed9n. Ph\u1ea3i nghi\u00eam s\u1ee3 m\u00e0 tu\u00e2n theo. H\u00e0m Nghi n\u0103m th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t Vua H\u00e0m Nghi ng\u00e0y m\u1ed3ng 3 th\u00e1ng 6\u201d (1). T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf. \u00d4ng sinh ng\u00e0y 12\/5\/1839 t\u1ea1i th\u00f4n Ph\u00fa M\u1ed9ng, x\u00e3 Xu\u00e2n Long, nay thu\u1ed9c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 Hu\u1ebf (t\u1ec9nh Th\u1eeba Thi\u00ean- Hu\u1ebf). Trong \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh bi\u00ean, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1eebng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, ch\u00ea \u00f4ng \u201c\u00edt h\u1ecdc, kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng, l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u00f3ng n\u1ea3y n\u00f3i c\u00e0n... v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 t\u00ednh ki\u00eau c\u0103ng, h\u1eb9p h\u00f2i hay nghi ng\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi\u201d, nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 \u201ct\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 uy v\u0169... t\u00e0i tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e1ng khen\u201d. C\u00e1i nh\u00ecn thi\u1ec3n c\u1eadn n\u00e0y c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u1ebft vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft. (1) Theo b\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u1ecbch trong t\u1eadp T\u1eeb \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0110i\u1ec7n Bi\u00ean Ph\u1ee7 -NXB Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n- 1994. Cho \u0111\u1ebfn nay, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 s\u1eed h\u1ecdc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft Chi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1eadn Du\u1eadt (1825- 1885) \u201cV\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t C\u1ed1 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, C\u01a1 m\u1eadt vi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n v\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tham gia \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng nh\u00f3m ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh do T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i dung b\u00e0i chi\u1ebfu. \u0110\u1ebfn khi kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf b\u1ecb gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm (5\/7\/1885), vua H\u00e0m Nghi c\u00f9ng qu\u1ea7n th\u1ea7n ch\u1ea1y ra s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb (T\u00e2n S\u01a1 - Cam L\u1ed9) th\u00ec Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1eadn Du\u1eadt l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 v\u0103n t\u00e0i cao nh\u1ea5t so v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao ch\u1ea5p b\u00fat vi\u1ebft b\u00e0i \u201cChi\u1ebfu C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng\u201d l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf\u201d (Ph\u1ea1m Th\u1eadn Du\u1eadt- s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p v\u0103n h\u00f3a, s\u1ee9 m\u1ec7nh C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng- UBNB t\u1ec9nh Ninh B\u00ecnh, Vi\u1ec7n S\u1eed h\u1ecdc Vi\u1ec7t Nam - H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam bi\u00ean so\u1ea1n - H\u1ed9i Khoa h\u1ecdc L\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n n\u0103m 1997). 166","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Xu\u1ea5t th\u00e2n t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t gia \u0111\u00ecnh ho\u00e0ng t\u1ed9c n\u00ean \u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ec3 th\u0103ng ti\u1ebfn. T\u1eeb n\u0103m 1870 \u00f4ng v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 quan v\u0103n, \u00c1n s\u00e1t t\u1ec9nh H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i ren \u1edf bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ph\u00eda B\u1eafc n\u00ean \u00f4ng chuy\u1ec3n sang l\u00e0m quan v\u00f5 c\u00f9ng Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5 Ho\u00e0ng K\u1ebf Vi\u00eam ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ec5u ph\u1ec9. Sau chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch n\u00e0y \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u0103ng Quan l\u1ed9c T\u1ef1 Khanh v\u00e0 l\u00e0m T\u00e1n l\u00fd qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 12\/1870 cho \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c nh\u1eadn ch\u1ee9c Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u01b0 b\u1ed9 Binh v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7n C\u01a1 m\u1eadt v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6\/1883 th\u00ec c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng l\u01b0u \u00fd: th\u00e1ng 12\/1873, \u00f4ng c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi Ho\u00e0ng T\u00e1 Vi\u00eam ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n C\u1edd \u0110en c\u1ee7a L\u01b0u V\u0129nh Ph\u00fac ph\u1ee5c binh t\u1ea1i C\u1ea7u Gi\u1ea5y (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i) gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay Francis Garnier - k\u1ebb \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t; th\u00e1ng 9\/1875, \u00f4ng b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u01b0\u1edbng C\u1edd V\u00e0ng l\u00e0 Ho\u00e0ng S\u00f9ng Anh \u1edf Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean v.v... Khi T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft gi\u1eef tr\u1ecdng Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u00e1ch trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf th\u00ec t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 r\u1ed1i ren. Ng\u00e0y 19\/7\/1883, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c b\u0103ng h\u00e0, D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i, nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 ba ng\u00e0y sau b\u1ecb ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t. R\u1ed3i Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a - con \u00fat vua Thi\u1ec7u Tr\u1ecb - l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Ph\u1ee5 ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ecdn thay th\u1ebf, cho d\u00f9 kh\u00f3c l\u00f3c van xin: \u201c-T\u00f4i l\u00e0 con \u00fat c\u1ee7a Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ebf, t\u01b0 ch\u1ea5t t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m nh\u1eadn ng\u00f4i vua\u201d, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u01b0\u1ee1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh, b\u1ecb x\u1ed1c n\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean ki\u1ec7u \u0111em v\u00e0o T\u1eed C\u1ea5m Th\u00e0nh! L\u00ean ng\u00f4i vua ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng th\u00ec ng\u00e0y 20\/8\/1883, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm c\u1eeda Thu\u1eadn An, Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a b\u1ed1i r\u1ed1i xin ngh\u1ecb h\u00f2a. Ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Qu\u00fd M\u00f9i hay c\u00f2n g\u1ecdi Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc 167","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Harmand (t\u00ean c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng \u1ee7y vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i B\u1eafc k\u1ef3). Theo \u0111\u00f3, n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam ch\u1ecbu nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9, vi\u1ec7c ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i th\u00ec do Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh! V\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf m\u1ed9t Kh\u00e2m sai c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n ra v\u00e0o y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn v\u1edbi nh\u00e0 vua; \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 \u1edf c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t quan l\u1ea1i Vi\u1ec7t Nam! T\u1ea5t nhi\u00ean, v\u1edbi c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u phe ch\u1ee7 chi\u1ebfn trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 \u201cb\u1ea3o h\u1ed9\u201d n\u00e0y. \u00d4ng l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i c\u1eadn v\u1ec7 ri\u00eang l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea5n ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ed9i - m\u1eb7c \u00e1o xanh, \u0111\u1ed9i m\u0169 r\u1ed9ng v\u00e0nh, trang b\u1ecb m\u00e3 t\u1ea5u; v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt chi\u00eau m\u1ed9 d\u00e2n l\u1eadp \u0110o\u00e0n ki\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, \u00f4ng v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a. Trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u \u0111ang \u1edf s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Fournier. Theo \u0111\u00f3, Trung Hoa \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u00fat qu\u00e2n ra kh\u1ecfi n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. K\u1ebf \u0111\u1ebfn, C\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh l\u00e0 Paten\u00f4tre v\u1eeba sang \u0111\u1ebfn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i s\u1eeda l\u1ea1i H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd. So v\u1edbi H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc Harmand th\u00ec H\u00f2a \u01b0\u1edbc Paten\u00f4tre k\u00fd ng\u00e0y 6\/6\/1884 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 g\u00ec m\u1edbi h\u01a1n. Nh\u01b0ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1ng nh\u1edb l\u00e0: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u01b0\u1edbc kia, t\u1eeb Nam ch\u00ed B\u1eafc l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, c\u00f3 t\u00ednh c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t h\u01a1n c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00e1c - m\u00e0 nay th\u00e0nh ra ba x\u1ee9: Nam k\u1ef3, Trung k\u1ef3 v\u00e0 B\u1eafc k\u1ef3; m\u1ed7i k\u1ef3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ri\u00eang, lu\u1eadt l\u1ec7 ri\u00eang nh\u01b0 ba n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eady. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00fac \u0111\u1ea7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u00e0y \u0111i sang k\u1ef3 kia ph\u1ea3i xin gi\u1ea5y th\u00f4ng h\u00e0nh m\u1edbi \u0111i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. K\u1ef3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 x\u1ee9, l\u00e0 khu trong m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc. M\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00e0 tam ph\u00e2n ng\u0169 li\u1ec7t ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, th\u1eadt l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111au l\u00f2ng cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 d\u00e2n m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ebb vang h\u00e0ng m\u1ea5y ngh\u00ecn n\u0103m\u201d (Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim- Vi\u1ec7t Nam s\u1eed l\u01b0\u1ee3c). \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111o\u1ea1n tuy\u1ec7t v\u1edbi qu\u00e1 kh\u1ee9, ch\u00fang sai c\u00e1c quan tri\u1ec1u Nguy\u1ec5n \u0111em c\u00e1i \u1ea5n \u201cVi\u1ec7t Nam Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u01a1ng chi \u1ea5n\u201d n\u1eb7ng 6 k\u00fd l\u00f4 \u0111em n\u1ea5u ch\u1ea3y t\u1ea1i t\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Hu\u1ebf tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a hai n\u01b0\u1edbc! Trong l\u00fac n\u00e0y, sau khi ph\u1ebf tru\u1ea5t Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a, r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m hai l\u1ea7n v\u1eeba qua, \u0111\u01b0a ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i l\u00ean l\u00e0m vua th\u00ec kh\u00f3 kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf, n\u00ean hai 168","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u00f4ng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u01b0\u1edbc - con nu\u00f4i th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c - m\u1edbi 15 tu\u1ed5i \u0111\u01b0a l\u00ean ng\u00f4i. Theo tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd th\u00ec vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 \u201cqua m\u1eb7t\u201d Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, De Champeaux ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u00ec sao ch\u1ecdn vua m\u1edbi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ecfi \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a y v\u00e0 nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng m\u1eddi y d\u1ef1 l\u1ec5 t\u1ea5n t\u00f4n! Nh\u01b0ng Hi\u1ec7p H\u00f2a m\u1edbi l\u00ean ng\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t n\u0103m th\u00ec m\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 hi\u1ec3u. Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 hai \u00f4ng quan \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a \u01afng L\u1ecbch - em ru\u1ed9t vua Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u01b0\u1edbc - m\u1edbi 13 tu\u1ed5i l\u00ean ng\u00f4i v\u1edbi ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u H\u00e0m Nghi. L\u1ea7n n\u00e0y, Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 m\u1edbi \u1edf Hu\u1ebf l\u00e0 Rheinart k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn. Y g\u1eedi th\u01b0 ra H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng b\u00e1o cho trung t\u01b0\u1edbng Millot. L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, Millot sai \u0111\u1ea1i t\u00e1 Guerrier \u0111em qu\u00e2n v\u00e0o Hu\u1ebf g\u00e2y \u00e1p l\u1ef1c, bu\u1ed9c tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n xin l\u1eadp vua H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh cho ch\u00fang v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 phong v\u01b0\u01a1ng cho nh\u00e0 vua v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 17\/8\/1884 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y gi\u1eb7c S\u01a1 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u00e0nh T\u00e2n S\u1edf can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u v\u00e0o n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft g\u1ea5p r\u00fat cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn T\u00e2n S\u1edf. C\u00f4ng vi\u1ec7c n\u00e0y \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt th\u00ec ng\u00e0y 2\/7\/1885, \u0111\u1ea1i t\u01b0\u1edbng Th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1ee5 B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Trung k\u1ef3 De Courcy \u0111\u1ebfn Hu\u1ebf. 169","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM V\u1eeba m\u1edbi ch\u00e2n \u01b0\u1edbt ch\u00e2n r\u00e1o \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, De Courcy \u0111\u00e3 cho b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ngay ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, y \u0111\u00f2i hai quan Ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n Thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e0n vi\u1ec7c y\u1ebft ki\u1ebfn vua H\u00e0m Nghi. Nh\u01b0ng do bi\u1ebft t\u1ecfng t\u00f2ng tong \u0111\u00f3 ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e1i c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1eef m\u00ecnh - v\u00ec tin n\u00e0y do b\u1ed3i b\u1ebfp t\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 ra ngo\u00e0i n\u00ean T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft l\u1ea5y c\u1edb b\u1ecb \u0111au, kh\u00f4ng \u0111i. L\u00fac ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i, De Courcy r\u1ea5t cay c\u00fa. Nh\u01b0ng y c\u0169ng t\u1ef1 ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf, ch\u01b0a v\u1ed9i n\u1ed5i n\u00f3ng m\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 bu\u00f4ng ra l\u1eddi tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tr\u1eafng tr\u1ee3n: - N\u1ebfu c\u00e1c \u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u00ecnh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh, y\u00ean \u1ed5n th\u00ec n\u1ed9i trong ba ng\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i n\u1ea1p chi\u1ebfn ph\u00ed cho ch\u00fang t\u00f4i l\u00e0 200.000 th\u1ecfi b\u1ea1c v\u00e0 200.000 quan ti\u1ec1n! T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u kinh ng\u1ea1c. Gi\u00e2y l\u00e1t sau, \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t y qu\u00e1t l\u1edbn: - Sao kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y \u00f4ng Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ebfn? C\u00f3 ph\u1ea3i \u00f4ng ta \u1edf nh\u00e0 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang t\u00f4i kh\u00f4ng? Bi\u1ebft y \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u1edf m\u1eb7t g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n n\u00ean m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb quan \u0111\u1ee1 l\u1eddi: - Th\u01b0a ng\u00e0i, quan Ph\u1ee5 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang t\u00f4i \u0111ang b\u1ecb \u1ed1m! Y c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1t: - \u1ed0m \u00e0? Th\u1ebf th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111i v\u00f5ng m\u00e0 sang \u0111\u00e2y! M\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh v\u1eeba ban ra th\u00ec c\u00e1c quan c\u1ee7a ta v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 v\u1ec1 n\u00e0i n\u1ec9 \u00f4ng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft, nh\u01b0ng \u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u01b0\u01a1ng quy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng \u0111i. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu thua, De Courcy sai y s\u0129 Mangin t\u1edbi t\u1eadn n\u01a1i xem h\u01b0 th\u1ef1c ra sao. \u00d4ng Thuy\u1ebft kh\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfp, l\u1ea5y c\u1edb l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng quen d\u00f9ng thu\u1ed1c T\u00e2y! T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh r\u1ea5t c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. Trong cu\u1ed9c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e0m v\u1ec1 l\u1ec5 t\u1ea5n phong vua H\u00e0m Nghi, De Courcy \u0111\u00f2i ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf ch\u00ednh c\u1eeda \u0110\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i cho y v\u00e0 \u0111o\u00e0n t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng \u0111i v\u00e0o. Th\u1ea5y tr\u00e1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c l\u1ec5 x\u01b0a nay, \u00f4ng T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t m\u00ecnh y \u0111i c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u, s\u1ed1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i th\u00ec \u0111i c\u1eeda hai b\u00ean. L\u00fac ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean ph\u00f2ng ng\u1ef1 nh\u01b0ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u1ed9t th\u1ee9 nh\u00ec, ph\u00eda b\u00ean ph\u1ea3i th\u00ec ph\u00e1i \u0111o\u00e0n c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i d\u1eebng l\u1ea1i, trao \u1ee7y nhi\u1ec7m th\u01b0 cho \u0111\u1ea1i th\u1ea7n, r\u1ed3i ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ec7 tr\u00ecnh l\u00ean ng\u1ef1 l\u00e3m. Nh\u01b0ng De Courcy l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu, y b\u1ea3o vua Vi\u1ec7t 170","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Nam ph\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u1ed1ng ngai v\u00e0ng ra \u0111\u00f3n y! Cu\u1ed9c h\u1ecdp b\u00e0n c\u00e3i l\u1eb1ng nh\u1eb1ng m\u00e3i. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ea3 hai quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1edd T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft b\u00ecnh ph\u1ee5c h\u1eb3n r\u1ed3i s\u1ebd b\u00e0n l\u1ea1i. Bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau g\u00ec De Courcy c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u1edf tr\u00f2, ngay trong \u0111\u00eam 4\/7\/1885, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft li\u1ec1n ra tay tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t L\u1ec7 - em ru\u1ed9t \u00f4ng Thuy\u1ebft, Tham bi\u1ec7n s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb - ch\u1ec9 huy v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap t\u00f2a Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9. Ngay trong \u0111\u00eam khuya, \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y di chuy\u1ec3n b\u00ed m\u1eadt qua s\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ed3i ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi kho\u1ea3ng 5.000 th\u1ee7y qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u1edf c\u00e1c d\u00e3y tr\u1ea1i Th\u1ee7y s\u01b0, d\u1ecdc b\u1edd s\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, nh\u1eefng kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t \u0111\u00f4ng nam th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf nhanh ch\u00f3ng n\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea1n y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3 cho \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 hai v\u1ec7 Ph\u1ea5n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n do \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n Mang C\u00e1. \u0110\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba do ch\u00ednh T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft ch\u1ec9 huy, \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf H\u1eadu B\u1ed9 - \u1edf ph\u00eda sau \u0110\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i, l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khu v\u01b0\u1eddn r\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng, c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1eddng cao bao b\u1ecdc - l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 v\u1eeba \u0111i\u1ec1u ph\u1ed1i chung, v\u1eeba tr\u1ee3 chi\u1ebfn, v\u1eeba d\u1ef1 ph\u00f2ng n\u1ebfu cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i th\u00ec ph\u00f2 gi\u00e1 Ho\u00e0ng gia ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 T\u00e2n S\u1edf. Ngo\u00e0i ra \u00f4ng c\u00f2n b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed cho l\u00ednh ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eef Ho\u00e0ng th\u00e0nh, r\u1ed3i c\u00e1c c\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Ba, An H\u00f2a, c\u1eeda h\u1eadu, c\u1eeda ch\u00ednh... \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng v\u1ec7 qu\u00e2n canh ph\u00f2ng nghi\u00eam ng\u1eb7t; c\u00f2n ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i th\u00e0nh th\u00ec c\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1ee3ng binh s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng xung tr\u1eadn... Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng trong binh ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt n\u00ean T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. B\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p h\u1ed3n kinh ph\u00e1ch l\u1ea1c, l\u00ednh qu\u00fdnh ti\u1ebfn tho\u00e1i l\u01b0\u1ee1ng nan nh\u01b0 g\u00e0 m\u1eafc t\u00f3c. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e1c b\u1eafn th\u1ee7ng m\u00e1i nh\u00e0 v\u00e0 l\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a to\u00e0 Kh\u00e2m s\u1ee9 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ea3nh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng nh\u1ed1n nh\u00e1o, gi\u1eb7c kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i \u1ea9n n\u00e1u n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u, tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, ch\u1ebft nh\u01b0 r\u1ea1. C\u00f2n ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed3n Mang C\u00e1, l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy d\u00e0y d\u1ea1n kinh nghi\u1ec7m tr\u1eadn m\u1ea1c, Tr\u1ea7n Xu\u00e2n So\u1ea1n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n - v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 t\u00f9 nh\u00e2n nay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c sung binh \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadp c\u00f4ng chu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i - len l\u1ecfi theo d\u1ecdc b\u1edd s\u00f4ng ph\u00f3ng h\u1ecfa \u0111\u1ed1t h\u1ebft c\u00e1c doanh tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c. Sau nh\u1eefng gi\u00e2y ph\u00fat kinh h\u1ed3n, trung t\u00e1 Pernot v\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Metzinger \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh 171","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM cho qu\u00e2n s\u0129 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y, ph\u1ea3i li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn, g\u1ea5p r\u00fat s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng 6 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c 121 ly \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang kinh ng\u1ea1c, khi t\u1eadn m\u1eaft ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn d\u00f9 h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c \u0111ang kh\u1ea1c l\u1eeda nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n d\u0169ng c\u1ea3m \u00f9n \u00f9n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n... Trong tay ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 g\u01b0\u01a1m, \u0111ao, m\u00e3 t\u1ea5u v\u1eady m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u0169ng x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o v\u1edbi h\u00f2n t\u00ean m\u0169i \u0111\u1ea1n, khi\u1ebfn gi\u1eb7c t\u1eed th\u01b0\u01a1ng nhi\u1ec1u v\u00f4 k\u1ec3... Do tr\u1eadn t\u1eadp k\u00edch \u201cxu\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 b\u1ea5t \u00fd, c\u00f4ng k\u1ef3 v\u00f4 b\u1ecb\u201d, di\u1ec5n ra trong \u0111\u00eam t\u1ed1i n\u00ean b\u1ecdn gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p ch\u01b0a d\u00e1m ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1nh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh, m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n v\u00ec ch\u00fang qu\u00e1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd... So s\u00e1nh l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00f4i b\u00ean th\u00ec b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd Ph\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 1.400 qu\u00e2n l\u00ednh chuy\u00ean nghi\u1ec7p, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n chu \u0111\u00e1o, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n b\u00e1o, c\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0i ph\u00e1o h\u1ea1m v\u00e0 17 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c. C\u00f2n ph\u00eda tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 20.000 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn thua xa \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 ngh\u1ec1; c\u00f2n v\u1ec1 v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00ec ta c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.100 kh\u1ea9u th\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng - nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i qu\u00e1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu so v\u1edbi v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf l\u00fac m\u1eb7t tr\u1eddi l\u00f3 d\u1ea1ng th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng. R\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 5\/7\/1885, ph\u00e1o h\u1ea1m Javeline \u0111\u1eadu t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Bao Vinh \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea5p t\u1eadp n\u00e3 ph\u00e1o v\u00e0o ph\u00eda \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc th\u00e0nh... \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho b\u1ed9 binh ti\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng. Trung t\u00e1 Pernot quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec3n khai \u0111\u1ed9i h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng theo ba h\u01b0\u1edbng: c\u00e1nh tr\u00e1i do thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Merzinger ch\u1ec9 huy c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ti\u1ebfn d\u1ecdc theo b\u1edd th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1eafc, \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ee9t \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n g\u1ea7n c\u1ea7u Thanh Long, xong, ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm b\u1ed9 L\u1ea1i v\u00e0 b\u1ed9 Binh; c\u00e1nh gi\u1eefa do \u0111\u00edch th\u00e2n Pernot ch\u1ec9 huy, v\u00f2ng qua h\u1ed3 T\u0129nh T\u00e2m ph\u00eda t\u00e2y nam h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a thi\u1ebfu t\u00e1 Merzinger, r\u1ed3i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i; c\u00e1nh ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i 4 B\u1eafc Phi ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n d\u1ecdc theo h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e2y nam \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o \u0110\u1ea1i n\u1ed9i. S\u1ef1 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1ecbp nh\u00e0ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn nh\u1ea5t. (1) Ch\u00ednh t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y m\u00e0 t\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, h\u00e0ng n\u0103m c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 23\/5 \u00e2m l\u1ecbch nh\u00e0 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 gi\u1ed7, cho n\u00ean ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta g\u1ecdi ng\u00e0y \u1ea5y l\u00e0 \u201cQu\u1ea9y c\u01a1m chung\u201d. Nh\u00e2n \u0111\u00e2y t\u01b0\u1edfng c\u0169ng n\u00ean nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ng\u00e0y 16\/3\/1968 t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n M\u1ef9 (T\u1ecbnh Kh\u00ea- Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i), \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n vi\u1ec5n chinh M\u1ef9 thu\u1ed9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Barker, s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n American d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a trung \u00fay William Calley, \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay Ernest Medina... \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft 504 th\u01b0\u1eddng d\u00e2n v\u00f4 t\u1ed9i. Do \u0111\u00f3, h\u1eb1ng n\u0103m ng\u00e0y n\u00e0y t\u1ea1i S\u01a1n M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 \u201cNg\u00e0y gi\u1ed7 chung\u201d, v\u00ec nh\u00e0 n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 s\u00e1t h\u1ea1i! 172","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng ba ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eadt ra ngo\u00e0i kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft (1), kho\u1ea3ng t\u1eeb 1.200 \u0111\u1ebfn 1.500 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, b\u1ecf l\u1ea1i 812 kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c, 16.000 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i... Ch\u00fang h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng gi\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e1 c\u1edd tam t\u00e0i c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p tung bay tr\u00ean k\u1ef3 \u0111\u00e0i. Sau \u0111\u00f3, \u0111ang h\u0103ng m\u00e1u ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng g\u00ec xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft! Chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 ch\u00fang thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m h\u00f2m v\u00e0ng, b\u1ea1c n\u00e9n... Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ebfn 50 t\u00ean l\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p r\u00f2ng r\u00e3 su\u1ed1t n\u0103m ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 v\u00e0ng b\u1ea1c n\u00e0y! B\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eadt ra kh\u1ecfi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat kh\u1ecfi kinh th\u00e0nh, qua c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1eeda \u0110\u00f4ng Ba, c\u1eeda H\u1eefu... Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u00e0i ph\u00fat, bi\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 n\u00fang th\u1ebf, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft t\u1eadp trung t\u00e0n qu\u00e2n ch\u1ef1c s\u1eb5n ngo\u00e0i c\u1eeda Ch\u01b0\u1edfng \u0110\u1ee9c, r\u1ed3i m\u1eddi vua H\u00e0m Nghi, b\u00e0 T\u1eeb D\u1ee5, c\u00e1c t\u00f9y t\u00f9ng mau ch\u1ea1y tr\u1ed1n. M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n \u0111ang ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb th\u00ec \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1eafc m\u1eaft, tu\u1ed1t g\u01b0\u01a1m ra... T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 khi\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ea3m r\u0103m r\u1eafp thi h\u00e0nh trong l\u00fac ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c c\u00f2n n\u1ed5 vang tr\u1eddi. S\u1ee3 gi\u1eb7c \u0111u\u1ed5i theo n\u00ean m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhanh, t\u1edbi \u0111\u00f2 K\u1ebb V\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 thuy\u1ec1n n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i l\u1ed9i s\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 \u0111i d\u0103m b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc qu\u00e1 s\u00e2u, ph\u1ea3i quay lui. H\u1ecd ch\u1ea1y v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00f9a Thi\u00ean M\u1ee5, l\u00ean Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi thu\u1ed9c l\u00e0ng La Ch\u1eef, ng\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y m\u1ed9t \u0111\u00eam. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, h\u1ecd ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111i ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda b\u1eafc, m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn khuya m\u1edbi d\u1eebng ch\u00e2n ngh\u1ec9 t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng ph\u00fa h\u1ed9 l\u00e0ng V\u0103n X\u00e1, qua ng\u00e0y sau m\u1edbi t\u1edbi Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb. Ngh\u1ec9 ng\u01a1i t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y v\u00e0i ng\u00e0y, nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ecba th\u1ebf b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft chia m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra th\u00e0nh hai nh\u00f3m: M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m g\u1ed3m Th\u00e1i h\u1eadu, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi trong ho\u00e0ng gia v\u00e0 quan l\u1ea1i gi\u00e0 y\u1ebfu th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf l\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb; c\u00f2n vua H\u00e0m Nghi, c\u00e1c v\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng, v\u0103n quan c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn th\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c theo \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Cam L\u1ed9 l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu T\u00e2n S\u1edf m\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1eeb tr\u01b0\u1edbc - n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t cao nguy\u00ean \u1edf ph\u00eda t\u00e2y b\u1eafc Qu\u1ea3ng Tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1ch ph\u1ee7 l\u00ee Cam L\u1ed9 15km, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i sang L\u00e0o, ra B\u1eafc. Th\u00e0nh T\u00e2n S\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng g\u1ea1ch ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, ph\u00eda ngo\u00e0i c\u00f3 ba h\u00e0ng r\u00e0o l\u0169y tre, \u0111\u1ee7 s\u1ee9c ch\u1ee9a v\u00e0i ng\u00e0n ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 trong th\u00e0nh c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9a \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 v\u0169 kh\u00ed, ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ch\u00ednh t\u1ea1i 173","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u00e2y H\u1ecbch C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1eedi \u0111i c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i s\u00f3i lang... Trong th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft c\u1eed \u1edf l\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3 T\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1edd t\u00ean tu s\u0129 gi\u00e1n \u0111i\u1ec7p Gaspar \u1edf Kim Long \u0111\u01b0a ra \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00fa v\u1edbi De Courcy. Nghe tin n\u00e0y, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn, sai ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1t nh\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng \u1edf g\u1ea7n ch\u1ee3 \u0110\u00f4ng Ba. C\u00f2n De Courcy giao h\u1eb9n v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1eddng trong v\u00f2ng hai th\u00e1ng ph\u1ea3i \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh xong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111\u01b0a vua H\u00e0m Nghi v\u1ec1. Nh\u01b0ng T\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. V\u00ec th\u1ebf ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e0y T\u01b0\u1eddng sang \u0111\u1ea3o Tahiti. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00fac m\u1ea5t, T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i hai c\u00e2u th\u01a1 ph\u00e2n bua vi\u1ec7c l\u00e0m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho h\u1eadu th\u1ebf: D\u1edf hay xin m\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi sau x\u00e9t, Vua n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f4i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ecfi tr\u1ecdng khinh? T\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i r\u1ed3i, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a Nguy\u1ec5n H\u1eefu \u0110\u1ed9 l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecda Vi\u1ec7n c\u01a1 m\u1eadt. \u0110\u1ed9 kh\u00f4n kh\u00e9o th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c ph\u1ebf vua H\u00e0m Nghi v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a con r\u1ec3 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u01afng Bi\u1ec7n - con nu\u00f4i vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00ean ng\u00f4i - v\u1edbi ni\u00ean hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u00e1nh v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 9\/1885. D\u00f9 v\u1eady, c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1eabn s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean \u201cPhen n\u00e0y quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1ea3 tri\u1ec1u l\u1eabn T\u00e2y\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea1i T\u00e2n S\u1edf, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft b\u00e2y gi\u1edd m\u1edbi nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho vi\u1ec7c d\u1ee5ng binh, v\u00ec gi\u1eb7c \u00e1n ng\u1eef \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Cam L\u1ed9 l\u00e0 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Do \u0111\u00f3 ng\u00e0y 19\/7\/1885, \u00f4ng ra l\u1ec7nh ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn ra Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra B\u1eafc. Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft \u0111u\u1ed5i theo. B\u1ecb ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a vua H\u00e0m Nghi quay v\u1ec1 T\u00e2n S\u1edf, ba ng\u00e0y sau l\u00e1nh sang L\u00e0o, r\u1ed3i quay v\u1ec1 H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u1ea4u S\u01a1n thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y gian nan n\u00e0y, ch\u1eb3ng may vua H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh th\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00e0n, n\u1eb1m li\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t ch\u1ed7, h\u1ec5 c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i c\u00f5ng ch\u1ea1y. R\u1ed3i \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y c\u0169ng b\u1ecb l\u1ed9, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0a nh\u00e0 vua v\u1ec1 \u1ea9n n\u00e1u \u1edf Tuy\u00ean H\u00f3a - mi\u1ec1n th\u01b0\u1ee3ng du Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh. Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng t\u1ea1m \u1ed5n, c\u00f2n s\u1ee9c m\u00ecnh th\u00ec kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c n\u00ean T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft t\u00ednh chuy\u1ec7n sang T\u00e0u c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u. 174","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u00d4ng giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 cho hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi con m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t \u0110\u1ea1m v\u00e0 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Ti\u1ec7p, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c L\u00ea Tr\u1ef1c, Nguy\u1ec5n Ph\u1ea1m Tu\u00e2n c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh th\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 vua H\u00e0m Nghi. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m b\u1eaft cho b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Ph\u00e1p b\u00e0n v\u1edbi b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn \u0110\u1ed3ng Kh\u00e1nh ra d\u1ee5 \u201cAi hay b\u00e0y k\u1ebf tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u01b0a xe vua ra giao cho quan qu\u00e2n r\u01b0\u1edbc v\u1ec1 th\u00ec th\u01b0\u1edfng cho h\u00e0m Ch\u00e1nh nh\u1ecb ph\u1ea9m, t\u1ea5n phong n\u01b0\u1edbc Nam...; b\u1eaft s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft th\u01b0\u1edfng 1000 l\u1ea1ng b\u1ea1c, ch\u00e9m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0\u1edfng 800 l\u1ea1ng\u201d (1). B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, trong nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n \u0111i b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 vua c\u00f2n c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u01b0\u1eddng do Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Ng\u1ecdc ch\u1ec9 huy, gi\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt b\u1eafn n\u1ecf, r\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i h\u1ea1i. V\u00ec nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n, Ng\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 sau kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gian kh\u1ed5, l\u1ea1i ham ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1ea1c n\u00ean ng\u1ea7m m\u01b0u ph\u1ea3n. H\u1eafn c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi t\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00e0nh \u0111i b\u00e1o tin cho Boulangier. T\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i \u00fay n\u00e0y h\u1ee9a s\u1ebd tr\u1ecdng th\u01b0\u1edfng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng! Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111i theo, hai t\u00ean n\u1ea7y d\u1eabn th\u00eam hai m\u01b0\u01a1i thu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 th\u00e2n t\u00edn l\u1eb7n l\u1ed9i v\u00e0o n\u01a1i nh\u00e0 vua \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u. \u0110\u00eam 30\/10\/1888. V\u1ea7ng tr\u0103ng n\u00e9p m\u00ecnh v\u00e0o b\u00f3ng m\u00e2y, b\u00f3ng t\u1ed1i tr\u00f9m xu\u1ed1ng c\u0103n nh\u00e0 l\u00e1 tr\u00ean b\u1edd khe T\u00e1 B\u00e0o, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111ang ng\u1ee7 say. B\u1ed7ng nghe c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng ch\u00e2n s\u1ed9t so\u1ea1t, hai ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ea7u v\u1ec7 nh\u00e0 vua gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh, v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng nh\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i quan s\u00e1t, li\u1ec1n b\u1ecb ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o \u0111\u00e2m qua b\u1ee5ng. Nghe ti\u1ebfng la h\u00e9t, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thi\u1ec7p b\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eady, c\u1ea7m g\u01b0\u01a1m x\u00f4ng ra, ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp nh\u1eadn r\u00f5 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9ng l\u1ea5y m\u1ed9t ng\u1ecdn gi\u00e1o t\u1eeb xa lao t\u1edbi, xuy\u00ean qua ng\u1ef1c! L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, ch\u00fang x\u00f4ng v\u00e0o trong nh\u00e0 b\u1eaft nh\u00e0 vua, ng\u00e0i th\u00e9t l\u00ean: (1) \u0110\u1ea1i Nam th\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c ch\u00ednh bi\u00ean, t\u1eadp 36, tr.250. (2) M\u1ed9t t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u m\u1edbi nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 vua H\u00e0m Nghi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e0 hai b\u00e0i th\u01a1 N\u00f4m ban cho c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 B\u1eafc k\u1ef3 - n\u1eb1m trong H\u1ed3 s\u01a1 t\u1eadp 7 Ph\u00f2ng Nha Kinh l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc k\u1ef3, khu Luu tr\u1eef Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. B\u00e0i 1: \u201c\u00d4i vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1eddi ngh\u0129 c\u0169ng hay. S\u01a1n h\u00e0 x\u00e3 t\u1eafc n\u1eafm trong tay. Hai h\u00e0ng m\u0169 \u00e1o mong mong tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ed1n ph\u00eda c\u00e0y b\u1eeba nh\u1edb nh\u1edb nay. T\u00f4n t\u1ed5 vun tr\u1ed3ng \u0111\u00e0 c\u00f3 t\u1edb. \u0110\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi xoay d\u1ecdc ng\u1eabm t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. Xoay v\u1ea7n con t\u1ea1o xem ch\u0103ng t\u00e1? Qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch tanh h\u00f4i c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t n\u00e0y\u201d; B\u00e0i 2: \u201cNh\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o qu\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1eadp l\u1ea1i quan. Th\u1ee9 cho t\u1ed9i Tr\u1eabm \u0111\u00e3 mu\u00f4n v\u00e0n. Ng\u00f4i cao k\u1ecbp t\u1edbi li\u1ec1n lo ngh\u0129. Tu\u1ed5i tr\u1ebb nh\u01b0ng nay lu\u1ed1ng th\u1edf than. V\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea5t ra tay t\u1ec1 x\u00e3 t\u1eafc. Xin tr\u1eddi m\u1edf m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi giang san. B\u1ed1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 theo d\u00f2ng c\u0169. Trung n\u1ecbnh r\u1ed3i ra s\u1ebd li\u1ec7u b\u00e0n\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, hai nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0110inh Xu\u00e2n L\u00e2m v\u00e0 V\u00f5 V\u0103n S\u1ea1ch c\u0169ng d\u00e8 \u0111\u1eb7t, trong khi \u201cch\u1edd x\u00e1c minh th\u00eam\u201d \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 \u00fd ki\u1ebfn: \u201cC\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng lo\u1ea1i tr\u1eeb kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng hai b\u00e0i th\u01a1 tr\u00ean do m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea5y danh ngh\u0129a H\u00e0m Nghi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m\u201d (T\u1ea1p ch\u00ed S\u00f4ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1 8 - th\u00e1ng 8\/1984). Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin n\u00eau ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o. 175","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM - Th\u1eb1ng Ng\u1ecdc! M\u00e0y gi\u1ebft tao \u0111i, c\u00f2n h\u01a1n \u0111em tao giao cho T\u00e2y! (2) Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, v\u00f5 t\u01b0\u1edbng T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 sang \u0111\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0ng b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 k\u00fd v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Fournier n\u00ean nh\u00e0 Thanh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u00ec! M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1eebng c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u1ed9c b\u1ea1ch n\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng trong th\u01a1: B\u00e1o qu\u1ed1c l\u00f2ng son s\u00f4ng n\u00fai t\u1ea1c, G\u1ed9i bao s\u01b0\u01a1ng tuy\u1ebft b\u1ea1c ph\u01a1 \u0111\u1ea7u. nay v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng th\u1ea5t v\u1ecdng v\u00e0 h\u1ed1i h\u1eadn v\u00ec t\u00ednh sai \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. R\u1ed3i d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u00e9p c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, nh\u00e0 Thanh \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf m\u1eb7t \u0111\u01b0a T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111i an tr\u00ed \u1edf Long Ch\u00e2u, r\u1ed3i Thi\u1ec1u Ch\u00e2u. Trong nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y l\u01b0u vong \u1edf \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1ch qu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn kh\u00f4ng ngu\u00f4i, h\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y \u00f4ng ra b\u1edd T\u1ea3 giang c\u1ea7m g\u01b0\u01a1m ch\u00e9m \u0111\u00e1 cho h\u1ea3 gi\u1eadn; b\u1edfi v\u1eady ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e0u m\u1edbi g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Tr\u1ea3m th\u1ea1ch c\u00f4ng. T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 22\/9\/1913 v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y r\u00e9t m\u01b0\u1edbt, \u1ea3m \u0111\u1ea1m, m\u1eaft kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eafm v\u00ec th\u00f9 nh\u00e0 ch\u01b0a tr\u1ea3 xong. M\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n s\u0129 \u1edf \u0111\u00e2y th\u1ea5u r\u00f5 n\u1ed7i l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ebfu c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i (C\u1ed1 Nhi T\u00e2n d\u1ecbch): Th\u00f9 ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee3i tr\u1eddi chung, mu\u00f4n thu\u1edf ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1m ghi T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Qu\u1eadn; Gi\u00fap ch\u00faa ri\u00eang t\u00ecm \u0111\u1ea5t kh\u00e1c, ng\u00e0n n\u0103m x\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1eafng g\u1eedi Long Ch\u00e2u (1) (1) Theo nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Th\u00e2u c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u201cTrong b\u00e0i V\u0103n t\u1ebf T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng Hi\u1ec1n c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 cho ch\u00fang ta bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Thi\u1ec1u Ch\u00e2u (Qu\u1ea3ng \u0110\u00f4ng), ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i m\u1ea5t t\u1ea1i Long Ch\u00e2u ( Qu\u1ea3ng T\u00e2y) nh\u01b0 l\u00e2u nay v\u1eabn l\u01b0u truy\u1ec1n\u201d. (Danh t\u01b0\u1edbng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft - Trung t\u00e2m Unesco Th\u00f4ng tin T\u01b0 li\u1ec7u L\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 V\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam XB n\u0103m 1998, trang 189). Ch\u00fang t\u00f4i xin n\u00eau ra \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc tham kh\u1ea3o. 176","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng Tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c r\u1ea1ng tr\u0103ng sao D\u0129a d\u1ea7u \u0111ang c\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n gi\u1eefa canh khuya, d\u00f9 v\u1eady, \u00e1nh s\u00e1ng v\u1eabn ch\u1eadp ch\u1eddn, leo l\u00e9t soi xu\u1ed1ng trang s\u00e1ch \u0111ang m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng. Phan \u0110\u00ecnh V\u1eadn th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y anh m\u00ecnh ng\u1ed3i h\u1ecdc b\u00e0i n\u01a1i \u00e1n th\u01b0 n\u1eefa. Ch\u1eafc anh \u0111ang bu\u1ed3n, nh\u01b0ng an \u1ee7i nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2y? Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111ang m\u1edf khoa thi, thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 n\u00f4 n\u1ee9c l\u1ec1u ch\u00f5ng, nh\u1eefng mong chi\u1ebfm b\u1ea3ng Ch\u00e2n dung Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng (1847-1895) v\u00e0ng cho x\u1ee9ng m\u1eb7t l\u00e0m trai. Nh\u01b0ng anh trai c\u1ee7a c\u1eadu th\u00ec ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, b\u1edfi sau nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m theo h\u1ecdc v\u1edbi b\u00e1c ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Ph\u1ea1m \u0110\u00ecnh Tu\u00e2n, c\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o: \u201c- Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc c\u00f2n k\u00e9m, ch\u01b0a \u0111i thi khoa n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u00e3y \u0111\u1ee3i khoa sau\u201d. L\u00fac nghe b\u00e1c b\u1ea3o th\u1ebf th\u00ec anh trai c\u1ee7a V\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng h\u00e0i l\u00f2ng, n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u1eadu r\u1eb1ng: \u201c- Sinh ra gi\u1eefa \u0111\u1ea5t tr\u1eddi, l\u00e0m trai ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 danh ph\u1eadn trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i. Mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec ph\u1ea3i \u0111em s\u1ee9c h\u1ecdc ra m\u00e0 thi th\u1ed1 v\u1edbi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1eddi. Nay anh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i thi th\u00ec s\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m g\u00ec n\u1eefa?\u201d. Tho\u1ea1t ngh\u0129 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3, V\u1eadn th\u1ea5y l\u1ea1nh x\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ed1ng! Hay l\u00e0 anh m\u00ecnh ngh\u0129 qu\u1ea9n n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m li\u1ec1u? 177","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Nh\u00ecn d\u0129a d\u1ea7u s\u1eafp c\u1ea1n, V\u1eadn nhanh ch\u00e2n b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ph\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a anh v\u00e0 b\u1ea5t ch\u1ee3t k\u00eau r\u00fa l\u00ean! Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 u\u1ed1ng r\u01b0\u1ee3u pha thu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ef1 v\u1eabn! Th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 nh\u00e0 nh\u1ed1n nh\u00e1o c\u1ea3 l\u00ean, l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y cam th\u1ea3o h\u00f2a v\u1edbi n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1eadu xanh \u0111\u1ed5 v\u00e0o mi\u1ec7ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed9c. Nh\u1edd c\u1ea5p c\u1ee9u k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi n\u00ean Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng t\u1ec9nh d\u1ea7n... Bi\u1ebft t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a ch\u00e1u con trong nh\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n, tr\u1ef1c t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng ai d\u00e1m c\u1ea3n n\u1eefa m\u00e0 thu x\u1ebfp m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u00f4ng l\u1ec1u ch\u00f5ng. Trong khoa thi n\u0103m 1876, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u1eadu C\u1eed nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 qua n\u0103m sau thi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1eadu \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, d\u00f2ng h\u1ecd m\u1edbi n\u1edf m\u00e0y n\u1edf m\u1eb7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc tin vui n\u00e0y. Ri\u00eang b\u00e0 m\u1eb9 ti\u1ebfc ch\u1ed3ng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n s\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a con, l\u00fac sinh th\u1eddi ch\u1ed3ng b\u00e0 - Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Tuy\u1ec3n - th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i trong s\u1ed1 n\u0103m con trai c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh th\u00ec Ph\u00f9ng s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m n\u00ean danh ph\u1eadn v\u1ec1 sau. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng sinh n\u0103m 1847 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i (nay l\u00e0 x\u00e3 T\u00f9ng \u1ea2nh, huy\u1ec7n \u0110\u1ee9c Th\u1ecd - H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ecfi, c\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u1ef1c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t khi \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft ch\u00ed l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c g\u00ec th\u00ec cho d\u00f9 tr\u1eddi g\u1ea7m \u0111\u1ea5t l\u1edf c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng n\u1ea3n ch\u00ed. Sau khi thi \u0111\u1eadu, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed5 l\u00e0m tri huy\u1ec7n Y\u00ean Kh\u00e1nh (Ninh B\u00ecnh), sau v\u1ec1 Hu\u1ebf gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed. Tr\u00ean c\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, khi th\u1ea5y ai c\u00f3 l\u1ed7i, l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec sai tr\u00e1i l\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u201c\u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c\u201d th\u1eb3ng th\u1eafn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng thi\u00ean v\u1ecb m\u1ed9t ai. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh trong tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh \u0111ang r\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 m\u1edb b\u00f2ng bong. S\u1ed1 l\u00e0 thu\u1edf sinh th\u1eddi, vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5t \u1ed1m y\u1ebfu l\u1ea1i m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1eadu m\u00f9a nguy k\u1ecbch trong v\u00f2ng hai th\u00e1ng, do b\u1ecb bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 con n\u1ed1i d\u00f5i, \u0111\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1ee1ng d\u1ee5c ba con nu\u00f4i l\u00e0 D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c, Ch\u00e1nh M\u00f4ng v\u00e0 D\u01b0\u1ee1ng Thi\u1ec7n. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u0103m 1883 ng\u00e0i v\u1eeba n\u1eb1m xu\u1ed1ng th\u00ec s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1edf n\u00ean r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i. Trong di chi\u1ebfu, ng\u00e0i \u0111\u01b0a D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00ean n\u1ed1i ng\u00f4i nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng n\u00f3i r\u00f5 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u201cc\u00f3 t\u1eadt \u1edf m\u1eaft, gi\u1ea5u vi\u1ec7c kh\u00f4ng n\u00f3i, s\u1ee3 l\u00e2u ng\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, t\u00ednh h\u01a1i c\u00f3 ph\u1ea7n d\u00e2m \u0111\u00e3ng l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u r\u1ea5t x\u1ea5u, ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc \u0111\u1ea3m \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u1ed5i vi\u1ec7c l\u1edbn; n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 vua l\u1edbn tu\u1ed5i l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u may, n\u1ebfu b\u1ecf \u0111i th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft l\u00e0m sao...\u201d Trong ng\u00e0y l\u1ec5 l\u00ean ng\u00f4i, Tr\u1ea7n Ti\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc di chi\u1ebfu tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u00e1 quan v\u0103n v\u00f5 nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111o\u1ea1n n\u00f3i v\u1ec1 t\u1eadt x\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c th\u00ec l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecdc nh\u1ecf \u0111i. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n T\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, c\u1eed Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ecdng H\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ecdc thay. Nh\u01b0ng r\u1ed3i ch\u1ec9 sau ba ng\u00e0y ng\u1ed3i 178","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM tr\u00ean ngai r\u1ed3ng, D\u1ee5c \u0110\u1ee9c b\u1ecb hai \u00f4ng Thuy\u1ebft v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1eddng tru\u1ea5t ph\u1ebf, gi\u00e1ng xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e0m Th\u1ee5y qu\u1ed1c c\u00f4ng- sau khi \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e1o cho l\u01b0\u1ee1ng cung l\u00e0 b\u00e0 T\u1eeb D\u1ee5 th\u00e1i h\u1eadu v\u00e0 L\u1ec7 Thi\u00ean Anh ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t n\u00e0y, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, nh\u01b0ng t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00e2m nh\u01b0 h\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng ai d\u00e1m h\u00e9 r\u0103ng, duy ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 d\u00e1m n\u00f3i: - T\u1ef1 qu\u00e2n ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 t\u1ed9i g\u00ec m\u00e0 ph\u1ebf l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf th\u00ec l\u00e0m sao ph\u1ea3i l\u1ebd? V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3ng t\u00ednh, m\u1edbi nghe nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Tuy\u1ebft \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f9ng n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn, sai l\u00ednh b\u1eaft quan Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed t\u1ed1ng giam v\u00e0o ng\u1ee5c. \u0110\u1ed9 m\u01b0\u1eddi ng\u00e0y sau, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3 ra nh\u01b0ng b\u1ecb c\u00e1ch h\u1ebft ch\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111u\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea! \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ecf m\u1ecdn, h\u00e8n k\u00e9m th\u00ec s\u1ebd ghim m\u1ed1i h\u1eadn n\u00e0y su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9. Nh\u01b0ng \u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u00ec l\u1ea1i kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n. Sau khi vua H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecf kinh th\u00e0nh ch\u1ea1y ra T\u00e2n S\u1edf l\u1eadp chi\u1ebfn khu, T\u00f4n T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t cho v\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 giao ch\u1ee9c Hi\u1ec7p th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n v\u1ee5, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ba t\u1ec9nh Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh th\u00ec \u00f4ng vui v\u1ebb nh\u1eadn l\u1eddi. C\u00f9ng l\u00fac, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf v\u00f9ng n\u00fai non hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf thu\u1ed9c H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh). Ngay t\u1ea1i nh\u00e0 m\u00ecnh, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng d\u1ef1ng \u201cNgh\u0129a s\u0129 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n. \u0110\u1ee9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd \u201cH\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i\u201d, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 tuy\u00ean th\u1ec7 v\u00e0 \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n ch\u00ednh quy, k\u1ef7 lu\u1eadt nghi\u00eam minh. L\u00ednh thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p 179","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Ban \u0111\u1ea7u, trong nhi\u1ec1u tr\u1eadn gi\u00e1p chi\u1ebfn v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u1ea5t th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng sao kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. \u00d4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng an \u1ee7i t\u01b0\u1edbng s\u0129 \u201c\u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c thua l\u00e0 chuy\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a con nh\u00e0 binh, kh\u00f4ng v\u00ec th\u1ebf m\u00e0 n\u1ea3n l\u00f2ng th\u1ed1i ch\u00ed\u201d. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1886, \u00f4ng r\u00fat qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf l\u00e0ng Ph\u1ee5ng C\u00f4ng, huy\u1ec7n H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, \u00f4ng r\u1ea5t ch\u00fa \u00fd \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ng\u1ee5y v\u1eadn, th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1ea3o v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n: \u201cH\u1ec5 khi giao chi\u1ebfn b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1eafc d\u0129 l\u1eafm m\u1edbi b\u1eafn gi\u1ebft l\u00ednh t\u1eadp, b\u1edfi h\u1ecd l\u00e0 anh em \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh\u201d. \u00d4ng c\u00f3 l\u00e0m b\u00e0i th\u01a1 Th\u1ea5y x\u00e1c l\u00ednh ng\u1ee5y, c\u1ea3m t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1c l\u1ed1i tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ch\u00ednh ngh\u0129a (d\u1ecbch): M\u00e0y v\u00ec danh l\u1ee3i ch\u1ebft phanh th\u00e2y, \u0110\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i b\u00ean khe ph\u01a1i x\u00e1c g\u1ea7y. V\u1ebft xe tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed5 n\u00ean t\u1ec9nh ng\u1ed9, K\u1ebbo ch\u1ebft \u0103n n\u0103n mu\u1ed9n l\u1eafm thay! Trong gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd Phan \u1edf l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u00f3 c\u00e1c anh ch\u1ecb em c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng n\u1eefa. Ch\u1ecb ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Phan Th\u1ecb \u0110\u1ea1i l\u00e0m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, anh ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng l\u00e0 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Th\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u1edf Ngh\u1ec7 An. Ch\u1eb3ng may, \u00f4ng Th\u00f4ng sa v\u00e0o tay gi\u1eb7c v\u00ec t\u00ean n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n S\u1eed. N\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam, y d\u1eabn gi\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ebfn v\u00e2y b\u1eaft \u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3ng c\u00f9m gi\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng Ngh\u1ec7 An d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ednh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y, khi Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c Ng\u1ef1 s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e2ng s\u1edb \u201c\u0111\u00e0n h\u1eb7c\u201d Thi\u1ebfu b\u1ea3o Nguy\u1ec5n Ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 t\u1ed9i \u201c\u1ee9ng binh b\u1ea5t vi\u1ec7n\u201d (c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean kh\u00f4ng \u0111i ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n) l\u00fac gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh Nam \u0110\u1ecbnh. Do \u0111\u00f3, khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00f4ng Th\u00f4ng, Ch\u00ednh tra t\u1ea5n t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 th\u00f9. Y r\u1ea5t mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ebft \u00f4ng, nh\u01b0ng suy \u0111i t\u00ednh y mu\u1ed1n d\u00f9ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u00eau d\u1ee5 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng. N\u1ebfu b\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u00ec s\u1ebd gi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 hai anh em c\u0169ng ch\u01b0a mu\u1ed9n. Suy t\u00ednh nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00ean y sai Ti\u1ec5u ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee9 L\u00ea K\u00ednh H\u1ea1p - v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 b\u1ea1n t\u00e2m giao c\u1ee7a Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng - vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 chi\u00eau d\u1ee5. Trong th\u01b0 c\u00f3 \u0111o\u1ea1n vi\u1ebft: \u201c... B\u00e1c Phan! G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y t\u00f4i \u0111i qua l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i, nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1n th\u1edd gia t\u1ed9c c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ee9c ti\u00ean qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c nghi\u00eang ng\u1ea3 \u0111i\u00eau t\u00e0n, 180","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM kh\u00f4ng ai lo nhang kh\u00f3i khi\u1ebfn t\u00f4i b\u00f9i ng\u00f9i kh\u00f4ng sao c\u1ea7m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft. N\u00e0y b\u00e1c Phan \u01a1i!... Th\u00f4i th\u00ec t\u1ea5m l\u00f2ng c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u01a1n h\u00e0 x\u00e3 t\u1eafc th\u00ec thi\u00ean h\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u r\u00f5, kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ea tr\u00e1ch v\u00e0o \u0111\u00e2u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00f2n chuy\u1ec7n gi\u1eef hi\u1ebfu v\u1edbi gia t\u1ed9c, t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 xao nh\u00e3ng, hu\u1ed1ng g\u00ec l\u00e0 b\u1eadc khoa b\u1ea3ng nh\u01b0 b\u00e1c!... T\u00ednh m\u1ec7nh anh b\u00e1c ra sao th\u00ec c\u0169ng t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a b\u00e1c! N\u1ebfu b\u00e1c gi\u1ea3i binh, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ch\u1eef hi\u1ebfu m\u00e0 n\u00fai H\u1ed3ng s\u00f4ng Lam c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft bao n\u01a1i u t\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00e1c \u1edf \u1ea9n m\u00e0 tu d\u01b0\u1ee1ng kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft thanh tao...\u201d. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 c\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb1n: - G\u1edbm cho m\u1ea5y anh nh\u00e0 nho tr\u00f3i g\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eb7t, su\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 bi\u1ebft v\u00f9i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed1ng s\u00e1ch n\u00e1t, h\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ed9ng chuy\u1ec7n l\u00e0 c\u1ee9 \u0111em c\u1eeda nh\u00e0 m\u1ed3 m\u1ea3 ra d\u1ecda ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta! R\u1ed3i \u00f4ng n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfp c\u00f9ng ba qu\u00e2n: - Nay t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ng\u00f4i m\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i g\u00ecn gi\u1eef, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 giang s\u01a1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam; t\u00f4i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng anh r\u1ea5t to, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111ang \u0111\u1eafm ch\u00ecm trong n\u00f4 l\u1ec7. N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 s\u1eeda sang ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang gia t\u1ed9c t\u00f4i th\u00ec ph\u1ea7n m\u1ed9 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc ai gi\u1eef? N\u1ebfu t\u00f4i v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u anh ru\u1ed9t t\u00f4i th\u00ec m\u1ea5y m\u01b0\u01a1i tri\u1ec7u anh em trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ai c\u1ee9u? V\u1eady ai c\u00f3 gi\u1ebft anh t\u00f4i, xin nh\u1edb g\u1eedi cho t\u00f4i b\u00e1t n\u01b0\u1edbc x\u00e1o! Nghe nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi t\u00e2m huy\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng, c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u \u1ee9a n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng thanh xin chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng. \u0110\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi gian m\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi v\u1eeba th\u00e2n m\u1eadt, v\u1eeba k\u00ednh tr\u1ecdng b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean \u201cc\u1ee5 Phan\u201d ho\u1eb7c \u201cc\u1ee5 \u0110\u00ecnh nguy\u00ean\u201d- m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00fac \u1ea5y Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi ngo\u00e0i 40 xu\u00e2n. C\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u00f3i b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ee9c t\u00ednh v\u00e0 t\u00e0i n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1eadc tr\u01b0\u1ee3ng phu, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3m h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c t\u01b0\u1edbng l\u0129nh gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 Cao Th\u1eafng, Nguy\u1ec5n Thanh, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u1ea1ch, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Cam, C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc, Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ee5c v.v... H\u1ecd h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng trung th\u00e0nh v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 trong s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p... Trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng t\u01b0\u1edbng gi\u1ecfi n\u00e0y, \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 \u00f4ng Cao Th\u1eafng - sinh n\u0103m 1864 \u1edf th\u00f4n Y\u00ean \u0110\u1ee9c, x\u00e3 Tu\u1ea7n L\u1ec5 (nay x\u00e3 S\u01a1n L\u1ec5, huy\u1ec7n 181","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh), t\u01b0\u1edbng ng\u0169 \u0111o\u1ea3n, l\u00e0 b\u1eadc k\u1ef3 t\u00e0i trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ebf s\u00fang kh\u00f4ng thua g\u00ec s\u00fang c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c, Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u00fd th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng, mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t n\u1ed5 ra trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec th\u1ebf cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1886, c\u1ee5 l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ra B\u1eafc li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00e0o ki\u1ec7t v\u00e0 giao vi\u1ec7c c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n cho Cao Th\u1eafng. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, Cao Th\u1eafng canh c\u00e1nh trong l\u00f2ng l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u00fang c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. \u00d4ng sai ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng hai l\u00e0ng Trung L\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 V\u00e2n Trung (thu\u1ed9c huy\u1ec7n Can L\u1ed9c - H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng v\u1edbi ngh\u1ec1 th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi th\u1ee3 th\u1ea7y \u0111i S\u00fang c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n theo \u201cH\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i\u201d. H\u00e0ng tr\u0103m Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee5 l\u00ean chi\u1ebfn khu. Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o L\u1ec7 \u0110\u1ed9ng - m\u1ed9t khu r\u1eebng s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111\u00fac s\u00fang. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ea5y th\u00e1ng tr\u1eddi m\u00e0y m\u00f2, v\u1eeba l\u00e0m v\u1eeba r\u00fat kinh nghi\u1ec7m s\u1eeda ch\u1eefa, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1ee3 r\u00e8n d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00fac \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01a1n 200 kh\u1ea9u s\u00fang c\u00f3 t\u00ednh n\u0103ng nh\u01b0 s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1eddng 1874 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p! C\u00f3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u0169 kh\u00ed hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, Cao Th\u1eafng sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi ra B\u1eafc \u0111\u00f3n ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ed9c tr\u01b0\u1eddng k\u1ef3 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Tr\u1edf v\u1ec1, c\u1ee5 Phan s\u1eafp x\u1ebfp l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n qu\u00e2n binh, r\u1ed3i chia ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ra th\u00e0nh 15 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 (t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 sau n\u00e0y ta g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u00e2n khu), qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c gi\u1ed1ng nhau, \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf \u0111\u00e2u th\u00ec l\u1ea5y t\u00ean n\u01a1i \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a C\u1ea7m B\u00e1 Th\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Thanh H\u00f3a th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Thanh th\u1ee9, qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Thu \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh th\u00ec g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 B\u00ecnh th\u1ee9 v.v... M\u1ed7i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 ch\u1eebng t\u1eeb 100 \u0111\u1ebfn 500 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, t\u00f9y theo t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh m\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i n\u01a1i. T\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u ph\u1ea3i th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 182","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 cho ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i th\u00e2n binh g\u1ed3m 20 tay s\u00fang thi\u1ec7n x\u1ea1 do Nguy\u1ec5n M\u1ee5c ph\u1ee5 tr\u00e1ch. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh ra \u0111\u1ebfn Thanh H\u00f3a l\u00e0 c\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u00ednh quy, s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn, ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1eefa. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00e2y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea9y ra m\u1ed9t bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed: vua H\u00e0m Nghi b\u1ecb b\u1eaft! K\u1ebb \u201cb\u00e1n \u0111\u1ee9ng\u201d ng\u00e0i cho gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Quang Ng\u1ecdc. Y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cha con T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft tin c\u1eady giao nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ng\u00e0i, nh\u01b0ng sau v\u00ec tham ti\u1ec1n v\u00e0 nghi\u1ec7n thu\u1ed1c phi\u1ec7n m\u00e0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh k\u1ebb ph\u1ea3n b\u1ed9i. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t l\u1edbn lao n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 sai ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111i gi\u1ebft Ng\u1ecdc. L\u00fac y \u0111ang n\u1eb1m b\u00ean b\u00e0n \u0111\u00e8n, th\u1ea3 h\u1ed3n theo kh\u00f3i ph\u00f9 dung th\u00ec m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee1i \u0111ao s\u1eafc l\u1eb9m b\u1ed5 th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng! B\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00e0 vua, th\u1ebf l\u00e0 t\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1888, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p cho x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0nh \u0111ai d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3n b\u00f3t ki\u00ean c\u1ed1 nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n tr\u00e0n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng; c\u00f9ng l\u00fac ch\u00fang ra s\u1ee9c tuy\u1ec3n m\u1ed9 th\u00eam l\u00ednh Kh\u1ed1 xanh, Kh\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecf - v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3n x\u1ee9 n\u00ean th\u00f4ng th\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba v\u1eadt - \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho ch\u00fang h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh vang d\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a \u201cH\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i\u201d d\u01b0\u1edbi quy\u1ec1n t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra kh\u1eafp n\u01a1i. Ng\u00e0y 19\/1\/1889, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0103n m\u1eb7c gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 l\u00ednh Kh\u1ed1 xanh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n b\u00f3t c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, gi\u1ebft n\u0103m t\u00ean l\u00ednh d\u00f5ng v\u00e0 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u v\u0169 kh\u00ed. Ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung ph\u1ea3n k\u00edch, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n r\u00fat s\u00e2u v\u00e0o trong n\u00fai \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 9\/1889, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Niort m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o hai c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m trong v\u00f9ng M\u1ef9 H\u00f2a, nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1ea5p ph\u1ea3i s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ef1 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t, l\u00fac v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai l\u00e1 c\u1edd l\u1ec7nh, m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u1ea1i b\u00e1c c\u00f9ng nhi\u1ec1u g\u01b0\u01a1m, \u0111ao... nh\u01b0ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat h\u1ebft t\u1eeb bao gi\u1edd r\u1ed3i! Cho \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1889, Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n m\u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00e1c tr\u00ean to\u00e0n tuy\u1ebfn H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Can L\u1ed9c, Thanh H\u00f3a, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh... nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn l\u1ee3i ph\u1ea9m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. B\u01b0\u1edbc qua n\u0103m 1890, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 ra 183","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM s\u1ee9c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ng\u1ee5y v\u1eadn. Nh\u1edd v\u1eady, \u0111\u00eam 16 r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 17\/5\/1890 m\u1ed9t cai Kh\u1ed1 xanh l\u00e0 H\u00e9p \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u01b0u \u0111\u00e3 quay s\u00fang tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan v\u00e0 sau \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn 100 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n n\u00e0y. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u00e1c li\u1ec7t \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Devoogt ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea7u c\u1ee9u qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Trouv\u00e9 l\u00ean gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y. Nh\u01b0ng khi vi\u1ec7n binh m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00e0ng H\u1ed1t th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n mai ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn tr\u1ed1i ch\u1ebft, binh m\u00e3 tan t\u00e1c kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1ng. Th\u1eeba th\u1eafng, sau \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1eadp k\u00edch v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u01b0u, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef n\u1ed5i, gi\u1eb7c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat v\u1ec1 H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n. Ng\u00e0y 1\/6\/1890, l\u00fac tr\u1eddi s\u1ea9m t\u1ed1i, t\u00ean cai L\u00ea Hai d\u1eabn b\u1ecdn l\u00ednh Kh\u1ed1 xanh s\u1ee5c s\u1ea1o trong v\u00f9ng ch\u1ee3 B\u1ed9ng. Ch\u00fang ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 v\u00e0 v\u00e0i tr\u1ebb con. Do kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ecbu n\u1ed5i tra t\u1ea5n, \u00f4ng gi\u00e0 n\u00e0y khai b\u00e1o trong l\u00e0ng H\u00e0 Trai c\u00f3 kho\u1ea3ng 200 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u. R\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y h\u00f4m sau, ch\u00fang h\u0103m h\u1edf h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n, nh\u01b0ng ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i th\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch. M\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0110\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi loa k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang v\u1eabn ngoan c\u1ed1. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i d\u1ebfn 11 gi\u1edd tr\u01b0a ng\u00e0y 2\/6\/1890, nh\u01b0ng l\u00fac ch\u00fang th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng truy k\u00edch... \u0110\u00eam 3\/6\/1890, l\u00fac n\u1eeda khuya, \u0111ang ph\u1ea5n kh\u1edfi v\u00ec chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng \u0111\u1ed3n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng L\u01b0u, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n Linh C\u1ea3m - ng\u0103n c\u1ea3n kh\u00f4ng cho gi\u1eb7c ti\u1ebfp vi\u1ec7n. Tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1eef d\u1ed9i \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e0 th\u1eafng th\u1ebf, l\u00fac ch\u00fang s\u1eafp s\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng th\u00ec thi\u1ebfu \u00fay Lambert - \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ed3n Linh C\u1ea3m - \u0111\u00e3 li\u1ec1u ch\u1ebft \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1ea3i v\u00e2y cho \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1ecdn... G\u01b0\u01a1m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh li\u00ean t\u1ee5c n\u1ed5 C\u1ea7n V\u01b0\u01a1ng ra trong v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n. \u0110i\u1ec1u 184","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0111\u00e1ng ch\u00fa \u00fd l\u00e0 trong th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh treo gi\u1ea3i th\u01b0\u1edfng cho b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n n\u00e0o b\u1eafn v\u00e0o b\u1ecdn ch\u1ec9 huy ng\u01b0\u1eddi Ph\u00e1p ho\u1eb7c quay s\u00fang v\u1ec1 v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n th\u00ec \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ecdng d\u1ee5ng x\u1ee9ng \u0111\u00e1ng. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00edch c\u1ef1c n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y chia r\u1ebd, hoang mang c\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed9 trong \u0111\u1ed9i ng\u0169 binh l\u00ednh c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p. \u0110\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa n\u0103m 1890, c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1o \u0111\u00e0i ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u0169y h\u00e0o d\u1ea7y \u0111\u1eb7c g\u00e2y cho gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o r\u1eebng n\u00fai hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean c\u1ed1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p l\u1ed1i \u0111\u00e1nh du k\u00edch t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh. T\u00e0i n\u0103ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y c\u00f2n th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n \u1edf ch\u1ed7 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u00f4ng s\u1ef1, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u00e2n t\u00e1n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n, di\u1ec7t vi\u1ec7n binh, ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed3n th\u00ec nh\u1eed ch\u00fang ra ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t... T\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3, oai linh c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng lan r\u1ed9ng, nh\u00e2n s\u0129 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eb7ng c\u1ee5 danh hi\u1ec7u \u201cS\u01a1n trung t\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edbng\u201d l\u00e0 v\u1eady. Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u00ecm m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf c\u1edd. C\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Luce quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ec1 M\u1eadu trong v\u00f9ng C\u00e2y Chanh - \u0110\u1ed3ng C\u1ed1c - Tr\u1ea5n L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1ea5t, ch\u00fang b\u00ed m\u1eadt len l\u1ecfi qua c\u00e1c l\u1ed1i \u0111i \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau r\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng. Ng\u00e0y 22\/8\/1890, l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng tr\u1eddi t\u1ed1i \u0111en nh\u01b0 m\u1ef1c, Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Haguet ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u1ed3n C\u00e2y Chanh \u0111em qu\u00e2n v\u00e2y h\u00e3m ph\u00eda sau c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n; c\u00f9ng l\u00fac t\u00ean cai \u0110inh Hu\u1ea5n D\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ef1c di\u1ec7n ph\u00eda tr\u01b0\u1edbc. B\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui... Sau \u0111\u00f3, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u1edf Nam Hu\u00e2n, Tr\u1ea1i C\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e0ng trong v\u00f9ng Ng\u00e0n S\u00e2u c\u0169ng b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i d\u1ea7n v\u00e0o r\u1eebng s\u00e2u n\u00fai th\u1eb3m. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 8\/1892, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n nh\u01b0: ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng H\u1ed9i Trung v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u1edbng t\u00e1 v\u00e0 150 tay s\u00fang; b\u00e1 h\u1ed9 Thu\u1eadn \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Tr\u1ea1i Ch\u00e8, \u00f4ng \u0110\u1ed1c Ch\u00e1nh \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Thi\u00ean Th\u00f4n v\u1edbi 100 tay s\u00fang; \u00f4ng Cao \u0110\u1ea1t \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf v\u00f9ng La S\u01a1n v\u1edbi h\u01a1n 450 tay s\u00fang v.v... Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang lo ng\u1ea1i nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 trong v\u00f9ng H\u01b0\u01a1ng S\u01a1n do ch\u00fang \u0111ang ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u0169ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang b\u00ed m\u1eadt ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng. 185","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf nh\u1eefng th\u00f4ng tin \u0111\u00e3 thu th\u1eadp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch: qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i Tr\u1ea1i Ch\u00e8 \u0111\u1ec3 nghi binh, l\u00e0m l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng, r\u1ed3i b\u1ea5t th\u1ea7n \u0111em \u0111\u1ea1i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o H\u1ed9i Trung - n\u01a1i c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111ang l\u1eadp h\u00e0nh dinh t\u1ed5ng ch\u1ec9 huy; sau \u0111\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 r\u1eebng n\u00fai \u1edf h\u1eefu ng\u1ea1n Ng\u00e0n S\u00e2u. C\u00f4ng s\u1ee9 Luce quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ecdn ng\u00e0y 8\/8\/1892, l\u00fac n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c - v\u00ec l\u00fd do r\u1ea5t \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n l\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 y nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u01b0 c\u1ee7a v\u1ee3 t\u1eeb Ph\u00e1p m\u1edbi g\u1eedi sang! Theo nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e2n c\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Haguet v\u00e0 Folcher \u0111\u00e1nh Kh\u00ea Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng; Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Robert v\u00e0 Bourgeois \u0111\u00e1nh Tr\u1ea1i Cu\u1ed9i; thi\u1ebfu \u00fay Lambert v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Cr\u00e9mont, Mariani \u0111\u00e1nh H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea. Nh\u01b0ng do kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba h\u00ecnh n\u00ean m\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 12\/8, c\u00e1c c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n n\u00e0y v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ed3ng lo\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Ri\u00eang th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Robert thay v\u00ec d\u1eabn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ebfn Tr\u1ea1i Cu\u1ed9i th\u00ec l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ebfn H\u1ed9i Trung, \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ebf l\u1ea1i c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1edbm h\u01a1n hai c\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n kia. L\u1eadp t\u1ee9c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea3o l\u1ed9n, d\u00f9 ch\u01b0a ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0ng Robert b\u1eaft bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i n\u1ed5 s\u00fang tr\u01b0\u1edbc! L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a y qu\u00e1 \u00edt n\u00ean b\u1ecb ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3 m\u00e3nh li\u1ec7t v\u00e0 r\u00fat lui an to\u00e0n. V\u00ec khinh \u0111\u1ecbch, Robert li\u1ec1n l\u00f9a qu\u00e2n truy qu\u00e9t, nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ebfn cu\u1ed1i r\u1eebng th\u00ec ch\u00fang hoang mang khi g\u1eb7p d\u00f2ng su\u1ed1i l\u1edbn c\u1eaft ngang. Ch\u00fang ch\u01b0a bi\u1ebft t\u00ednh to\u00e1n ra sao th\u00ec t\u1eeb b\u00ean kia su\u1ed1i, m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed s\u1eb5n \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn x\u1ed1i x\u1ea3! Robert th\u1ea5t kinh h\u1ed3n v\u00eda v\u1eeba \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3, v\u1eeba h\u1ea1 l\u1ec7nh r\u00fat lui. L\u00fac \u1ea5y, thi\u1ebfu \u00fay Lambert ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch m\u1ed9t gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng hay bi\u1ebft g\u00ec c\u1ea3. M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 14\/8 khi Lambert hay tin, k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n l\u00ean chi vi\u1ec7n cho Robert th\u00ec c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 cho qu\u00e2n r\u00fat h\u1ebft. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u1ea7n t\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. D\u00f9 r\u00fat v\u00e0o r\u1eebng s\u00e2u, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o \u00f4ng b\u00e1 h\u1ed9 Thu\u1eadn b\u00ed m\u1eadt \u0111em qu\u00e2n \u00e1p s\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed3n H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap s\u00e0o huy\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. Theo k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch th\u00ec \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed1t ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng t\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t gian \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y hoang mang trong n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c; \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 hai do b\u00e1 h\u1ed9 Thu\u1eadn ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o tr\u1ea1i l\u00ednh Kh\u1ed1 xanh, tin n\u1ed9i gi\u00e1n cho bi\u1ebft l\u00fac n\u00e0y trong tr\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n ch\u1eebng b\u1ed1n m\u01b0\u01a1i t\u00ean, ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn; c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 ba \u0111\u00e1nh 186","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u00e1 nh\u00e0 lao \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i tho\u00e1t cho \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111ang b\u1ecb giam gi\u1eef - trong s\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 \u00f4ng Th\u1ecbnh, anh ru\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a b\u00e1 h\u1ed9 Thu\u1eadn. R\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 24\/8\/1892, sau hai ph\u00e1t ph\u00e1o l\u1ec7nh, tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u00fang k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch. S\u00fang n\u1ed5 kh\u00e9t \u0111\u1ea5t. Nh\u00e0 ch\u00e1y r\u1ef1c tr\u1eddi. Ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 th\u1eafng l\u1edbn. T\u00ednh \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1893 th\u00ec cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn \u1edf H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 8 n\u0103m, gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p t\u1ed5n th\u1ea5t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 n\u00ean ch\u00fang quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Vi\u1ec7t gian Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i - ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p kh\u1edfi c\u1ee5 Phan. Trong nh\u1eefng ngh\u0129a B\u1eaby S\u1eady, Ng\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u01a1i cu\u1ed9c c\u00e0n qu\u00e9t r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 l\u00ednh Kh\u1ed1 xanh, Kh\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ecf d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u201ckhoa b\u1ea3ng\u201d b\u00e1n m\u00ecnh cho gi\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 L\u00ea K\u00ednh H\u1ea1p, Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i, Phan Huy Qu\u00e2n, Th\u00e1i V\u0103n Trung... c\u0169ng tham gia h\u00e0nh qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 hi\u1ebfn k\u1ebf! D\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ecba b\u00e0n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan b\u1ecb thu h\u1eb9p d\u1ea7n, \u0111\u00e1ng nguy nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 c\u00e1c th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh ra Thanh H\u00f3a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ch\u00fang c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t li\u00ean l\u1ea1c n\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n t\u1ea1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p tung ho\u00e0nh nh\u01b0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u00eam \u0111\u00e3 khuya. S\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u01a1i tr\u0129u c\u00e0nh. Gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i t\u1eebng c\u01a1n l\u1ea1nh bu\u1ed1t x\u01b0\u01a1ng. Trong gian nh\u00e0 c\u1ecf, c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1eabn tr\u1eb1n tr\u1ecdc, suy t\u00ednh. C\u1ee5 bi\u1ebft n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng l\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u1eb1ng, ch\u1ec9 quanh qu\u1ea9n trong r\u1eebng n\u00fai th\u00ec c\u0169ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. V\u1eady ph\u1ea3i t\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1edd n\u00e0o? C\u1ee5 b\u0103n kho\u0103n 187","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM suy ngh\u0129 m\u00e3i, l\u00fac b\u01b0\u1edbc ra s\u00e2n, ng\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft nh\u00ecn tr\u1eddi cao th\u0103m th\u1eb3m th\u00ec c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 nghe v\u1ecdng ti\u1ebfng g\u00e0 r\u1eebng g\u00e1y. L\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, \u0110\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1c Cao Th\u1eafng v\u1eeba gi\u1eadt m\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c d\u1eady, \u00f4ng b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng khi th\u1ea5y ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a ngh\u1ec9, nh\u1eb9 nh\u00e0ng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n v\u00e0 th\u01b0a: - B\u1ea9m c\u1ee5 \u0110\u00ecnh Nguy\u00ean, tr\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp s\u00e1ng, xin c\u1ee5 v\u00e0o trong nh\u00e0 y\u00ean gi\u1ea5c... C\u1ee5 Phan ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i quay l\u1ea1i: - T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y th\u00ec ta l\u00e0m sao c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00ean gi\u1ea5c n\u1ed3ng? Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ti\u00eau hao, m\u00f2n m\u1ecfi t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, ta ngh\u0129 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung s\u1ee9c l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1edbn cho gi\u1eb7c h\u1ed3n kinh ph\u00e1ch l\u1ea1c \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eadt l\u1ea1i th\u1ebf c\u1edd. Nh\u01b0ng ta c\u0169ng bi\u1ebft, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1eafng th\u00ec tinh th\u1ea7n ba qu\u00e2n s\u1ebd suy s\u1ee5p ch\u00f3ng v\u00e1nh. C\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng \u01b0? D\u1ec5 g\u00ec ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ecdi l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecfa l\u1ef1c t\u1ed1i t\u00e2n, \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00fang l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? Ng\u01b0\u01a1i c\u00f3 k\u1ebf g\u00ec hay? Cao Th\u1eafng nghi\u00eam ngh\u1ecb: - B\u1ea9m c\u1ee5, t\u00f4i ngh\u0129 ch\u1ec9 c\u00f2n c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o th\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ec7 An. T\u1ea1i sao \u00e0? Gi\u1eb7c tr\u1ea5n gi\u1eef Ngh\u1ec7 An v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, v\u0169 kh\u00ed l\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m kh\u1ed1ng ch\u1ebf ta ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng B\u00ecnh... v\u00e0 \u0111\u00f3 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i ch\u00fang ng\u0103n ch\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng giao th\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng cho ta li\u00ean l\u1ea1c ra B\u1eafc. Do \u0111\u00f3, n\u1ebfu ta \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ec7 An th\u00ec t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf s\u1ebd thay \u0111\u1ed5i. C\u1ee5 Phan ph\u00e2n v\u00e2n: - Ta \u0111\u00e1nh Ngh\u1ec7 An, nh\u01b0ng gi\u1eb7c t\u1eeb ngo\u00e0i \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o v\u00e0 t\u1eeb trong \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00f4 th\u00ec li\u1ec7u ta \u0111\u1ee1 c\u00f3 k\u1ecbp kh\u00f4ng? Cao Th\u1eafng n\u00f3i qu\u1ea3 quy\u1ebft: - T\u00f4i c\u0169ng ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf, nh\u01b0ng c\u00f9ng l\u00fac c\u00e1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ec1u ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ea1nh, c\u1ea7m ch\u00e2n gi\u1eb7c th\u00ec ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o chi vi\u1ec7n cho nhau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u1ee5 Phan g\u1eadt g\u00f9 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o n\u00e0y. V\u1eady l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8.1893, t\u1eeb chi\u1ebfn khu Ng\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u01a1i, Cao Th\u1eafng d\u1eabn 500 qu\u00e2n \u0111i tr\u01b0\u1edbc, em ru\u1ed9t l\u00e0 Cao N\u1eefu c\u0169ng d\u1eabn 500 qu\u00e2n \u0111i sau - t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u m\u1eb7c qu\u00e2n ph\u1ee5c m\u00e0u \u0111\u1ecf. Cao Th\u1eafng cho r\u1eb1ng: ph\u01b0\u01a1ng Nam ta thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 H\u1ecfa, 188","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 Kim m\u00e0 H\u1ecfa kh\u1eafc Kim, nay ta l\u1ea5y l\u1eeda nung v\u00e0ng th\u00ec v\u00e0ng s\u1ebd ch\u1ea3y... Tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e9t s\u1ea1ch nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3n b\u00f3t v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t nhi\u1ec1u t\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t gian. Ng\u00e0y 12\/9\/1893, th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Niort v\u00e0 L\u00e3nh binh Phi\u00ean \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o l\u00e0ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110i\u1ec1n - c\u00e1ch th\u00e0nh Ngh\u1ec7 An d\u0103m c\u00e2y s\u1ed1, n\u01a1i ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung binh m\u00e3. Trong tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t n\u00e0y, Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00fang \u0111\u1ea1n, ch\u1ebft t\u1ea1i tr\u1eadn khi\u1ebfn ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui (1). B\u1ea5t ch\u1ea5p s\u1ef1 truy k\u00edch c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c, h\u1ecd v\u1eabn c\u00f5ng x\u00e1c Cao Th\u1eafng v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn khu Ng\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u01a1i. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin d\u1eef, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f3c th\u1ea3m thi\u1ebft: -Tr\u1eddi h\u1ea1i t\u00f4i! Cao Th\u1eafng \u00f4i! Tr\u1eddi \u01a1i tr\u1eddi! Ch\u00ednh c\u1ee5 t\u1ef1 tay vi\u1ebft hai c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00ed t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed3ng cam c\u1ed9ng kh\u1ed5 v\u1edbi m\u00ecnh (Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch): C\u00f3 ch\u00ed kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 khu\u1ea5t; Ch\u01b0a th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, \u00fd tr\u1eddi ra sao? V\u00e0 c\u1ee5 c\u00f2n vi\u1ebft m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i v\u0103n t\u1ebf d\u1ea1t d\u00e0o c\u1ea3m x\u00fac \u0111\u1ecdc trong l\u00fac truy \u0111i\u1ec7u, khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec1u r\u01a1i l\u1ec7: ... C\u1eeda t\u00eda l\u1ea7u v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e0nh k\u1ebb khu\u1ea5t, \u0111em th\u00e2n b\u00e1ch chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfng th\u01a1m cho t\u1ecf m\u1eb7t anh h\u00f9ng; S\u00fang \u0111\u1ed3ng g\u01b0\u01a1m b\u1ea1c m\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n, truy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7nh ba qu\u00e2n, th\u00e9t h\u01a1i m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y n\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh tr\u1ecb. Th\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00f4i l\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng, K\u1ec3 sao cho xi\u1ebft! C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Cao Th\u1eafng \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y x\u00fac \u0111\u1ed9ng, c\u0103m h\u1eddn trong ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n, h\u1ecd th\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng quy\u1ebft ch\u1ebft ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ch\u00f9n b\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 Phan v\u1eabn n\u00e1u qu\u00e2n \u1edf Ng\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u01a1i. Gi\u1eb7c (1)Theo t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p th\u00ec Cao Th\u1eafng hy sinh t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng L\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110i\u1ec1n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a ta th\u00ec \u00f4ng m\u1ea5t l\u00fac \u0111ang ch\u1ec9 huy \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3n N\u1ecf (Ngh\u1ec7 An). 189","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM Ph\u00e1p kh\u00f4ng sao ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eb9p \u00fd ch\u00ed s\u1eaft \u0111\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng, ch\u00fang h\u00e8n h\u1ea1 qu\u1eadt m\u1ed3 m\u1ea3 t\u1ed5 ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5; c\u00f9ng l\u00fac, ch\u00fang sai Kh\u00e2m sai kinh l\u01b0\u1ee3c B\u1eafc K\u1ef3 Ho\u00e0ng Cao Kh\u1ea3i - ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f9ng l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i v\u1edbi c\u1ee5 Phan - vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 chi\u00eau d\u1ee5, nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng tr\u00f2 th\u1ea5t nh\u00e2n t\u00e2m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1n m\u1ea1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. B\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, Ti\u1ec5u ph\u1ee7 s\u1ee9 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 kh\u00e1t m\u00e1u, gi\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00f4ng g\u1edbm tay n\u00ean gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p th\u01b0\u01a1ng thuy\u1ebft v\u1edbi tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh Hu\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0a y ra x\u1ee9 Ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. \u0110\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1895, Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n \u0111em 3.000 ng\u1ee5y qu\u00e2n ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi gi\u1eb7c \u1edf \u0111\u1ed3n Linh C\u1ea3m \u0111\u1ec3 bao v\u00e2y c\u1ee5 Phan. Ch\u00fang d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ed3n b\u00f3t d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c nh\u1eb1m c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t m\u1ecdi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c. Chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ed3n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n c\u1ee5 Phan v\u00e0o th\u1ebf kh\u1ed1n c\u00f9ng, ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat s\u00e2u v\u00e0o trong n\u00fai, khi \u1edf Ng\u00e0n Tr\u01b0\u01a1i, l\u00fac v\u1ec1 V\u1ee5 Quang... T\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb v\u00e2y h\u00e3m trong n\u00fai khi\u1ebfn l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng y\u1ebfu d\u1ea7n, ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00ec b\u1ec7nh, k\u1ebb suy s\u1ee5p tinh th\u1ea7n v\u00ec \u0111\u00f3i... Gian nan t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng kh\u00f4ng sao k\u1ec3 xi\u1ebft! Tuy th\u1ebf, khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3 t\u00e0i c\u1ea7m qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan n\u00ean Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed9ng binh. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n ch\u00fang li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n l\u00ean n\u00fai th\u00ec c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111o\u00e1n bi\u1ebft tr\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u01b0\u01a1ng truy\u1ec1n, trong m\u1ed9t ng\u00e0y D\u1ea7n, b\u1ed7ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ea5y n\u00f4n nao kh\u00f4ng y\u00ean, trong l\u00f2ng nh\u01b0 c\u00f3 l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ed1t, ch\u1eb3ng hi\u1ec3u c\u1edb s\u1ef1 ra sao m\u00e0 l\u1ea1 l\u00f9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf? B\u1eadt ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eady gi\u1eefa \u0111\u00eam khuya kho\u1eaft, b\u1ed1n b\u1ec1 y\u00ean \u1eafng, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng Kinh d\u1ecbch v\u00e0 b\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ebb \u201cM\u00e3o qu\u1ef7 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d. Qu\u1ea3 nhi\u00ean v\u00e0o s\u00e1ng mai, ng\u00e0y M\u00e3o, gi\u1eb7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1eadt nh\u01b0ng ngay trong \u0111\u00eam \u0111\u00f3, c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111\u00e3 cho r\u00fat qu\u00e2n an to\u00e0n! Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn H\u01b0\u01a1ng Kh\u00ea k\u00e9o d\u00e0i \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u1eddi r\u00f2ng r\u00e3. Gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi c\u00e1ch ph\u1ea3i ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 V\u1ee5 Quang hi\u1ec3m tr\u1edf m\u00e0 c\u1ee5 Phan \u0111ang \u1ea9n n\u00e1u. Nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tin, ai n\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ec1u lo l\u1eafng. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf ng\u1eb7t ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 Phan quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh cho \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1eadn l\u1eebng l\u1eaby m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 k\u1ebf \u201cSa nang \u00fang th\u1ee7y\u201d. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebf m\u00e0 H\u00e0n T\u00edn \u0111\u00e3 d\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n S\u1edf. T\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ee7a s\u00f4ng V\u1ee5 Quang, c\u1ee5 cho ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e2y to, r\u1ed3i d\u00f9ng d\u00e2y m\u00e2y k\u1ebft l\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh 190","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM t\u1eebng kh\u1ed1i l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc. Khi b\u1ecb c\u1ea3n l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n th\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00eda d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u00f4ng c\u1ea1n d\u1ea7n, m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 qua l\u1ea1i d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng... Sau khi b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed xong, l\u00fac n\u1eeda \u0111\u00eam ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng xu\u1ed1ng n\u00fai khi\u00eau kh\u00edch \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ee5 gi\u1eb7c theo k\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. H\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh y\u1ebfu \u1edbt, v\u1eeba c\u1ea7m ch\u1eebng v\u1eeba r\u00fat ch\u1ea1y. \u0110\u1ea1i b\u00e1c c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c b\u1eafn nh\u01b0 v\u00e3i th\u00f3c v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a binh, l\u1eeda ch\u00e1y nghi ng\u00fat. Nh\u01b0ng ch\u00fang c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n v\u00ec s\u1ee3 tr\u00fang k\u1ebf nghi binh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u00e3i sau v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u0129nh g\u00ec, ch\u00fang xung phong t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng l\u00ean th\u00ec ch\u1ec9 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u1ed3n tr\u1ea1i tr\u1ed1ng ho\u00e1c, g\u01b0\u01a1m c\u00f9n, gi\u00e1o g\u1eaby n\u1eb1m ng\u1ed5n ngang... c\u00f2n ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u00fang ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 do s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i n\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y. Ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp m\u1eebng th\u00ec ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 nghe gi\u1eefa l\u01b0ng ch\u1eebng n\u00fai c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng tr\u1ed1ng m\u00f5 n\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 \u0111ang chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng. Th\u1ea5y th\u1ebf, \u0111ang th\u1eeba th\u1eafng, ch\u00fang t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1c k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n xu\u1ed1ng ngh\u00eanh chi\u1ebfn. Qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt, ch\u1ec9 sau v\u00e0i tr\u1eadn, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1 kh\u00f4ng n\u1ed5i n\u00ean ph\u1ea3i v\u1ed9i v\u00e0ng th\u00e1o lui. Ra \u0111\u1ebfn s\u00f4ng ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t s\u00f4ng v\u00ec n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1ed1i. Kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i, gi\u1eb7c c\u1ea5p t\u1ed1c \u0111u\u1ed5\u00f8i theo... L\u00fac \u1ea5y, b\u1ed7ng t\u1eeb tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ngu\u1ed3n c\u1ea3 ng\u00e0n kh\u00fac c\u00e2y to lao th\u1eb3ng xu\u1ed1ng. V\u00e0 b\u00ean kia m\u00e9 s\u00f4ng, ph\u1ee5c binh c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 s\u00fang gi\u00f2n gi\u00e3! \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 l\u00fac ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ee9t d\u00e2y m\u00e2y, c\u00e1c c\u00e2y to b\u1ecb th\u00e1o tung ra theo d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef b\u1ea5y l\u00e2u nay ph\u0103ng ph\u0103ng lao xu\u1ed1ng. B\u1ecb r\u01a1i v\u00e0o k\u1ebf \u201cSa nang \u00fang th\u1ee7y\u201d, tr\u1edf tay kh\u00f4ng k\u1ecbp, gi\u1eb7c b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. Sau tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh vang d\u1ed9i \u201cv\u00f4 ti\u1ec1n kho\u00e1ng h\u1eadu\u201d, tr\u01b0\u1edbc ba qu\u00e2n, d\u00f9 b\u1ecb th\u01b0\u01a1ng nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee5 Phan c\u0169ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0o h\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ecdc b\u00e0i th\u01a1 s\u1ea3ng kho\u00e1i l\u1ea1 th\u01b0\u1eddng: Non r\u1ea5t cao m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc r\u1ea5t xanh, N\u01b0\u1edbc non linh hi\u1ec3n gi\u00fap cho m\u00ecnh. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean \u00edt, b\u00ean nhi\u1ec1u th\u1ebf, M\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u khe \u0111\u00e3 ho\u1ea3ng kinh? (Kh\u01b0\u01a1ng H\u1eefu D\u1ee5ng d\u1ecbch) Nh\u01b0ng h\u1ee1i \u00f4i! Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111ang ph\u1ea5n ch\u1ea5n tinh th\u1ea7n th\u00ec v\u1ebft th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 Phan ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng. C\u1ee5 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng xanh xao, ti\u1ec1u t\u1ee5y... M\u00e3i \u0111\u1ebfn r\u1ea1ng ng\u00e0y 28\/12\/1895, c\u1ee5 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y trong ng\u01b0\u1eddi 191","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM m\u1ec7t nh\u1ecdc l\u1eafm r\u1ed3i, b\u00e8n cho g\u1ecdi ba qu\u00e2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 sai l\u1ea5y gi\u1ea5y b\u00fat \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00e9p l\u1eddi tr\u0103n tr\u1ed1i. Chao \u01a1i! M\u1ed9t b\u1eadc t\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e2n t\u1eebng xung tr\u1eadn v\u1edbi gi\u1ecdng n\u00f3i m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, d\u1ee9t kho\u00e1t nh\u01b0 ti\u1ebfng chu\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebfng c\u1ed3ng, th\u1ebf m\u00e0 nay l\u1ea1i y\u1ebfu \u1edbt nh\u1ecf nh\u1eb9 khi\u1ebfn t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 ph\u1ea3i im ph\u0103ng ph\u1eafc m\u1edbi nghe \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c: Nhung tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e2ng m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u00e3 m\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00f4ng, Vi\u1ec7c v\u00f5 l\u00f4i th\u00f4i v\u1eabn ch\u1eb3ng xong. D\u00e2n \u0111\u00f3i k\u00eau tr\u1eddi vang \u1ed5 nh\u1ea1n, Qu\u00e2n gian d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5t r\u1ed9n \u0111\u00e0n ong. Ch\u00edn tr\u00f9ng l\u1eadn \u0111\u1eadn mi\u1ec1n quan t\u00e1i, Tr\u0103m h\u1ecd ph\u00f4i pha \u0111\u00e1m l\u1eeda n\u1ed3ng. Tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u00e0ng cao, c\u00e0ng g\u00e1nh n\u1eb7ng, T\u01b0\u1edbng m\u00f4n ri\u00eang th\u1eb9n m\u1eb7t anh h\u00f9ng. (\u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch) V\u1eeba d\u1ee9t b\u00e0i th\u01a1 th\u00ec c\u1ee5 t\u1eaft th\u1edf. Ba qu\u00e2n th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng, h\u1ecd kh\u00f3c \u00f2a ti\u1ec5n bi\u1ec7t ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m tr\u00f2n ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1. Gi\u1eefa l\u00fac \u0111au \u0111\u1edbn t\u1ed9t c\u00f9ng n\u00e0y c\u0169ng l\u00e0 l\u00fac th\u01b0\u1ee3ng s\u0129 Moutin k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n l\u00ean truy k\u00edch, c\u00e1c Nh\u00e0 th\u1edd c\u1ee5 Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 T\u0129nh 192","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM \u0110\u1ec1n th\u1edd Phan \u0110\u00ecnh Ph\u00f9ng t\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed3i N\u00ea S\u01a1n l\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng Th\u00e1i (H\u00e0 T\u0129nh) ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n v\u1ed9i v\u00e3 gi\u1ea5u x\u00e1c ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o trong m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i h\u1ed1c c\u00e2y, r\u1ed3i c\u1ea7m s\u00fang chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. H\u1ecd hy v\u1ecdng sau l\u00fac th\u1eafng tr\u1eadn s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh l\u00e0m l\u1ec5 an t\u00e1ng \u0111\u00fang theo nghi l\u1ec5 d\u00e0nh cho m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng sau \u0111\u00f3, Moutin \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra x\u00e1c c\u1ee5, y b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng khi nh\u1eadn ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi anh h\u00f9ng l\u1ed7i l\u1ea1c \u0111\u00e3 ra ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u00ean c\u1ed5. Cho d\u00f9 \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ed1ng m\u00e1i v\u1edbi ch\u00fang h\u01a1n m\u01b0\u1eddi n\u0103m tr\u1eddi, nh\u01b0ng y v\u1eabn truy\u1ec1n l\u1ec7nh ch\u00f4n c\u1ea5t t\u1eed t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf l\u00f2ng kh\u00e2m ph\u1ee5c. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t gian Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e2n t\u00e1n \u0111\u1ed3ng. H\u1eafn t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn sai qu\u1eadt m\u1ed3, \u0111\u1ed1t thi h\u00e0i c\u1ee5 Phan th\u00e0nh tro, r\u1ed3i nh\u1ed3i tro v\u00e0o thu\u1ed1c s\u00fang th\u1ea7n c\u00f4ng m\u00e0 b\u1eafn xu\u1ed1ng d\u00f2ng La Giang! Th\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfc c\u1ee5 Phan, c\u00e1c v\u0103n th\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea5t Ngh\u1ec7 T\u0129nh \u0111\u00e3 so\u1ea1n c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111i\u1ebfu th\u1ed1ng thi\u1ebft (\u0110\u00e0o Trinh Nh\u1ea5t d\u1ecbch): Anh h\u00f9ng th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i k\u1ec3 chi, d\u1ea1 s\u1eaft son, l\u00f2ng v\u00e0ng \u0111\u00e1, th\u1ec1 c\u00f9ng c\u00e1c b\u1ea1n gi\u1eef tr\u01b0\u1edbc sau. M\u1eb7c Ch\u00e2u \u0111\u00fac kh\u00ed tinh anh, trung hi\u1ebfu h\u1eb9n h\u00f2 c\u00f9ng s\u1eed s\u00e1ch. Ngao 193","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ng\u00e1n nh\u1ebd! L\u1ea7u cao s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ed5, m\u1ed9t c\u1ed9t kh\u00f3 n\u00e2ng, ph\u00f2ng v\u1eafng kh\u00f3i tan, li\u1ebfc m\u1eaft r\u1eebng xanh th\u00eam t\u1ee9c t\u1ed1i! V\u00e0 b\u00e2y gi\u1edd r\u1ed3ng bay m\u00e2y \u00e1m, x\u00f3t xa nh\u00e2n th\u1ebf kh\u00f4n l\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00e1 th\u01b0\u01a1ng La Vi\u1ec7t giang san, v\u0103n hi\u1ebfn tr\u0103m n\u0103m th\u00e0nh tr\u1eadn m\u1ea1c; Tr\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea5t x\u01b0a nay th\u1ebf m\u00e3i, \u0111\u00e1 d\u1ef1ng ng\u01b0\u1ee3c, n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ea3y xu\u00f4i, \u0111\u00f3 v\u1eabn non s\u00f4ng ph\u01b0\u1eddng tu\u1ea5n ki\u1ec7t. Lam H\u1ed3ng n\u1ed5i c\u01a1n b\u00e3o tuy\u1ebft, b\u00e1ch t\u00f9ng \u00faa r\u1ee5ng lu\u1ed1ng x\u00f4ng pha. \u0110au \u0111\u1edbn thay! \u0110\u00ea l\u1ee1 s\u00f3ng v\u1ed3, gi\u1eefa d\u00f2ng tr\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ee9ng, sao d\u1eddi v\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5i, ngo\u1ea3nh \u0111\u1ea7u v\u01b0\u1eddn c\u0169 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed3n ch\u1ed3n! \u0110\u01b0\u01a1ng phen n\u00e0y gi\u00f3 th\u1ed5i nh\u1ea1n l\u00eca, c\u0103m gi\u1eadn h\u00f3a c\u00f4ng cay nghi\u1ec7t, ri\u00eang c\u1ea3m T\u00f9ng Mai kh\u00ed ti\u1ebft, tinh th\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u00e1c r\u1ea1ng tr\u0103ng sao. 194","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u Ch\u1edb \u0111em th\u00e0nh b\u1ea1i lu\u1eadn anh h\u00f9ng N\u1eafng nh\u1ea1t d\u1ea7n. H\u01b0\u01a1ng cau th\u01a1m d\u1ecbu. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 nho g\u1ea5p trang s\u00e1ch, nh\u00ecn ra s\u00e2n v\u00e0 kh\u1ebd ng\u00e2m v\u00e0i c\u00e2u th\u01a1. Ng\u00e0y t\u1eebng ng\u00e0y, l\u00fac chi\u1ec1u xu\u1ed1ng, c\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i th\u1ea5y s\u1ef1 \u0111\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed9c \u00f9a v\u1ec1 cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p t\u00e2m tr\u00ed. \u0110\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ed3ng s\u00fang l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn m\u1eaft xanh m\u0169i l\u00f5 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u1eeda H\u00e0n, \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o Thu\u1eadn An... R\u1ed3i vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c b\u0103ng h\u00e0. Tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh r\u1ed1i nh\u01b0 canh h\u1eb9, tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c c\u00f3 k\u1ebb cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea3i h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n, c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e1nh. Ch\u1ec9 tho\u1ea1t ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 \u1ee9a gi\u1ecdt l\u1ec7... Than \u00f4i! Giang san g\u1ea5m v\u00f3c T\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t v\u00e0o tay gi\u1eb7c, bi\u1ebft bao gi\u1edd m\u1edbi gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c? N\u1eafng nh\u1ea1t d\u1ea7n. Bu\u1ed3n t\u1ee7i cho th\u1ebf s\u1ef1, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e2ng ly r\u01b0\u1ee3u tr\u00ean tay v\u00e0 u\u1ed1ng c\u1ea1n. Men \u0111\u1eafng n\u1eb1m m\u00e3i n\u01a1i c\u1ed5 h\u1ecdng. T\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1eebng nh\u01b0 n\u1ed7i u u\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u1ea1c ra th\u00e0nh m\u00e1u. Gi\u1ecdt l\u1ec7 l\u0103n 195","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM nhanh tr\u00ean g\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5. B\u1ed7ng l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3, ngo\u00e0i s\u00e2n c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng ch\u00f3 s\u1ee7a ran. C\u00f3 ti\u1ebfng qu\u00e1t th\u00e1o \u1ea7m \u0129. Ng\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00ecn c\u1ee5 th\u1ea5y v\u00e0i ba t\u00ean l\u00ednh l\u1ec7 \u0111ang x\u0103m x\u0103m \u0111i v\u00e0o. Con m\u1ef1c \u0111ang gi\u1eef nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u00ean ti\u1ebft nh\u1ea3y x\u1ed5m ra, n\u00f3 nhe r\u0103ng hung t\u1ee3n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng c\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00f4 l\u1ec5 kia, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e2y g\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 qu\u1ea5t th\u1eb3ng v\u00e0o m\u00f5m! Con ch\u00f3 r\u00fa l\u00ean, r\u1ed3i c\u1ee5p \u0111u\u00f4i l\u1ee7i v\u00e0o g\u00f3c s\u00e2n. M\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i oang oang: - \u00d4ng \u0111\u1ed3! Quan Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 g\u1ecdi \u00f4ng l\u00ean dinh g\u1ea5p. Vi\u1ec7c quan l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ecdng, m\u1eddi \u00f4ng \u0111i ngay cho! Ng\u00e1n cho th\u1eddi th\u1ebf! \u0110\u1ed5i thay \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ebf l\u00e0 c\u00f9ng. Ch\u1eb3ng c\u00f2n m\u1ed9t ch\u00fat ph\u00e9p t\u1eafc, l\u1ec5 nghi g\u00ec c\u1ea3. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 th\u1edf d\u00e0i ng\u00e1n ng\u1ea9m... C\u1eady v\u00e0o th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u00ecnh K\u1ebf - Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam n\u00ean b\u1ecdn l\u00ednh l\u1ec7 xem c\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u1ec3 m\u00ecnh th\u01b0a b\u1ea9m. B\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n v\u00e0o dinh, c\u1ee5 \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ea5y nhung nh\u00fac nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00e1o nh\u00e1o nh\u1eefng ng\u1ee3m, ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00f3i \u1ed3n \u00e0o nh\u01b0 b\u1eafp rang. Th\u00ec ra nh\u00e0 quan c\u00f3 y\u1ebfn ti\u1ec7c. C\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 n\u00e0o bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh c\u1ee5 s\u1ebd l\u00e0 nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 l\u00fac n\u00e0y quan \u0111ang c\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn. V\u00ec b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd, h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u0169 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 l\u00e0 Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u \u0111ang n\u1eafm gi\u1eef ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd c\u1ee7a phong tr\u00e0o Ngh\u0129a H\u1ed9i \u1edf t\u1ec9nh nh\u00e0. V\u1ed1n l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 m\u01b0u m\u00f4 x\u1ea3o quy\u1ec7t, y bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, n\u1ebfu lung l\u1ea1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tinh th\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 L\u00ea T\u1ea5n To\u00e1n, nh\u1edd c\u1ee5 vi\u1ebft th\u01b0 chi\u00eau d\u1ee5 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u0169 th\u00ec v\u1eabn l\u00e0 k\u1ebf hay nh\u1ea5t. Ngh\u0129 th\u1ebf n\u00ean chi\u1ec1u nay y g\u1eb7p m\u1eb7t c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3. Sau v\u00e0i l\u1eddi x\u00e3 giao, Ch\u00e2u \u0110\u00ecnh K\u1ebf bu\u00f4ng gi\u1ecdng k\u1ebb c\u1ea3: - Ph\u1eadn s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7y gi\u00e1o l\u00e0 \u0111em ch\u1eef c\u1ee7a Th\u00e1nh hi\u1ec1n m\u00e0 gi\u00e1o d\u1ee5c b\u1ecdn h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 th\u00e0nh t\u00e0i \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc. Ch\u1eafc c\u1ee5 c\u0169ng c\u00f3 suy ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 t\u00f4i. Nh\u01b0ng t\u00f4i l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ng\u1edd h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 H\u01b0\u1eddng Hi\u1ec7u \u0111i l\u00e0m gi\u1eb7c. Tr\u00f2 h\u01b0 l\u00e0 l\u1ed7i \u1edf th\u1ea7y. \u0110\u00fang v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng? N\u00f3i xong, y bu\u00f4ng ti\u1ebfng c\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1eb1n. T\u01b0\u1edfng r\u1eb1ng, \u201cmi\u1ec7ng nh\u00e0 quan c\u00f3 gang c\u00f3 th\u00e9p\u201d th\u00ec s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn c\u1ee5 \u0111\u1ed3 nho khi\u1ebfp s\u1ee3. Th\u1eadt b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd, kh\u00e1c h\u1eb3n v\u1edbi t\u00ednh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea7m t\u0129nh th\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y, c\u1ee5 v\u1ee5t \u0111\u1ee9ng th\u1eb3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1eady v\u00e0 n\u00e9m ly ru\u1ee3u \u0111ang c\u1ea7m tr\u00ean tay xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea5t, qu\u1eafc m\u1eaft: - Th\u1eddi th\u1ebf n\u00e0y ai l\u00e0 vua, ai l\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c? Quan tu\u1ea7n n\u00ean c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng l\u1eddi \u0103n ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i. 196","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM M\u1eafng xong, c\u1ee5 b\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1eb3ng ra kh\u1ecfi dinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 ng\u01a1 ng\u00e1c l\u1eabn k\u00ednh ph\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a c\u1ee5 - m\u00e0 Tu\u1ea7n ph\u1ee7 Qu\u1ea3ng Nam v\u1eeba nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi - l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u, sinh n\u0103m 1847 t\u1ea1i l\u00e0ng Thanh H\u00e0, huy\u1ec7n Di\u00ean Ph\u01b0\u1edbc, ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n (nay thu\u1ed9c x\u00e3 C\u1ea9m H\u00e0, th\u1ecb x\u00e3 H\u1ed9i An-Qu\u1ea3ng Nam), l\u00e0 con trai c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Vi\u1ebft Thi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u1ecb Ch\u00e2u. Ngay t\u1eeb nh\u1ecf, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng l\u00e0 h\u1ecdc tr\u00f2 gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t trong l\u00e0ng. Kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y L\u00ea T\u1ea5n To\u00e1n d\u1ea1y ch\u1eef Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u c\u00f2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea7y hun \u0111\u00fac th\u00eam cho tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc. D\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 m\u1edbi m\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ed1n tu\u1ed5i nh\u01b0ng Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u201cx\u1ee9ng danh tuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ec7 nh\u1ea5t T\u00fa t\u00e0i\u201d, r\u1ed3i sau \u0111\u00f3, \u201cN\u0103m ba hai d\u1ef1 th\u00ed H\u1ed9i nguy\u00ean, vinh quy v\u1edbi danh cao Ph\u00f3 b\u1ea3ng\u201d. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1ea1n l\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u m\u1edf ra th\u00eanh thang. Ra kinh \u0111\u00f4, \u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1eed l\u00e0m Gi\u1ea3ng t\u1eadp \u1edf D\u01b0\u1ee1ng thi\u1ec7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng d\u1ea1y ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed \u01afng \u0110\u0103ng - con nu\u00f4i th\u1ee9 ba c\u1ee7a vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c - sau n\u00e0y s\u1ebd vua Ki\u1ebfn Ph\u00fac. Do \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong t\u01b0\u1edbc H\u1ed3ng l\u00f4 T\u1ef1 khanh n\u00ean sau n\u00e0y m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u01b0\u1eddng g\u1ecdi Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u l\u00e0 \u00f4ng H\u01b0\u1eddng ho\u1eb7c H\u01b0\u1eddng Hi\u1ec7u. Sau khi vua T\u1ef1 \u0110\u1ee9c m\u1ea5t, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh trong tri\u1ec1u r\u1ed1i ren \u0111\u1ebfn n\u1ed7i c\u00f3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i chua ch\u00e1t: Nh\u1ea5t giang l\u01b0\u1ee1ng qu\u1ed1c nan ph\u00e2n thuy\u1ebft; T\u1ee9 nguy\u1ec7t tam v\u01b0\u01a1ng tri\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u1eddng. (M\u1ed9t s\u00f4ng hai n\u01b0\u1edbc kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng n\u00f3i B\u1ed1n th\u00e1ng ba vua \u0111i\u1ec1m ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh) M\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u01b0u th\u1eddi m\u1eabn th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u th\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u00e0ng quan tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u201c\u0111i\u1ec1m ch\u1eb3ng l\u00e0nh\u201d n\u00e0y. L\u1ea5y c\u1edb ph\u1ea3i ph\u1ee5ng d\u01b0\u1ee1ng m\u1eb9 gi\u00e0, \u00f4ng c\u00e1o quan xin v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea. \u00cdt l\u00e2u sau, tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n s\u1ea5m s\u00e9t c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c Ph\u00e1p, kinh th\u00e0nh Hu\u1ebf th\u1ea5t th\u1ee7, T\u00f4n Th\u1ea5t Thuy\u1ebft ph\u00f2 vua H\u00e0m Nghi ch\u1ea1y ra T\u00e2n S\u1edf v\u00e0 xu\u1ed1ng h\u1ecbch C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. H\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi n\u00e0y, t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 nh\u00e2n danh Ch\u00e1nh s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ee9 c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u00f4ng Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u, Phan B\u00e1 Phi\u1ebfn, \u00c1n N\u1ea1i, Hu\u1ef3nh B\u00e1 Ch\u00e1nh, Ph\u1ea1m Nh\u01b0 X\u01b0\u01a1ng, Nguy\u1ec5n Tr\u01b0\u1eddng... th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ngh\u0129a H\u1ed9i. Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn v\u00ec ch\u00ednh 197","B\u1ed8 S\u00c1CH K\u1ec2 CHUY\u1ec6N DANH NH\u00c2N VI\u1ec6T NAM ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. Thay m\u1eb7t Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 B\u1ea3n c\u00e1o th\u1ecb k\u00eau g\u1ecdi: \u201cK\u1ebb tr\u00ed d\u00f9ng m\u01b0u, ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u0169ng hi\u1ebfn s\u1ee9c, gi\u00e0u \u0111em c\u1ee7a gi\u00fap qu\u00e2n nhu, \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng tr\u1ea1ch ch\u1eb3ng ng\u1ea1i gian lao nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u1ee9u nguy ch\u1ed1ng kh\u1ed1n, ch\u1edb n\u00ean ti\u1ebfc g\u00ec t\u00e2m l\u1ef1c, l\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi thu\u1eadn nh\u01b0 d\u00f2ng n\u01b0\u1edbc xu\u00f4i \u0111\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn nguy th\u00e0nh an, bi\u1ebfn lo\u1ea1n th\u00e0nh tr\u1ecb, thu l\u1ea1i b\u1edd c\u00f5i. \u1ea4y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i \u0111em ph\u00fac l\u1ee3i l\u1ea1i cho x\u00e3 t\u1eafc, t\u1ee9c l\u00e0 ph\u00fac c\u1ee7a th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n. Nh\u1eefng ai tham s\u1ed1ng s\u1ee3 ch\u1ebft, ngh\u0129 nh\u00e0 h\u01a1n n\u1ee3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u1ecf s\u00e1ng theo t\u1ed1i, gi\u00e1 \u00e1o t\u00fai c\u01a1m, gi\u1eefa l\u00fac n\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u00e0 l\u00e2m nguy l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb \u0111\u1edbn h\u00e8n, ch\u1eafc th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng ai l\u00e0m v\u1eady. N\u00ean mau mau \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m hi\u1ec7p l\u1ef1c, theo ngh\u0129a m\u00e0 l\u00e0m, tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh s\u1ebd thi c\u00f4ng lu\u1eadn t\u1ed9i ph\u00e2n minh\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n tr\u1edf vi\u1ec7c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ngh\u0129a H\u1ed9i \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c \u0111em m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f9ng h\u1eadu \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0110i\u1ec7n H\u1ea3i - l\u00e0m b\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea1p \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, Ph\u00e1p c\u00f2n ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o ng\u1ee5y tri\u1ec1u \u0111i\u1ec1u Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 \u0111i kh\u1ecfi t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam, v\u1ec1 Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i gi\u1eef ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed1 ch\u00e1nh. C\u00f2n ch\u1ee9c Ch\u00e1nh s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng s\u1ee9 giao cho T\u1ebf t\u1eedu Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eed gi\u00e1m l\u00e0 Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ef1u. Ng\u00e0y T\u1ef1u \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eadn b\u00e0n giao, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 qu\u1eafc m\u1eaft: - Vua \u0111ang d\u1ef1ng c\u1edd C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ee9u nguy cho s\u01a1n h\u00e0 x\u00e3 t\u1eafc. V\u1eady \u00f4ng ph\u1ee5ng m\u1ea1ng ai m\u00e0 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00e2y? \u00d4ng \u0103n c\u01a1m vua n\u00ean bi\u1ebft c\u00e1i ngh\u0129a \u1ea5y! T\u1ef1u c\u1ee5p m\u1eb7t xu\u1ed1ng. Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 ch\u1ec9 ph\u00ea v\u00e0o tri\u1ec1u ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t ch\u1eef: \u201cB\u1ea5t\u201d (kh\u00f4ng). Tuy nhi\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, \u00f4ng c\u0169ng b\u00e0n giao nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111i Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i m\u00e0 c\u00e1o b\u1ec7nh tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 qu\u00ea nh\u00e0, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t phong tr\u00e0o m\u00e0 sau n\u00e0y c\u1ee5 Hu\u1ef3nh Th\u00fac Kh\u00e1ng \u0111\u00e3 ghi nh\u1eadn: \u201cNgh\u0129a H\u1ed9i m\u1ecdc l\u00ean nh\u01b0 c\u00e2y r\u1eebng. Qu\u00e2n h\u1ecbch truy\u1ec1n \u0111i nh\u01b0 gi\u00f3 th\u00e9t. K\u1ebb th\u00ec t\u00e0i nh\u01b0 Kh\u1ed5ng Minh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u1eb7c Ng\u00f4 Ng\u1ee5y. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u00ec gi\u1ecfi nh\u01b0 Tr\u01b0\u01a1ng Tu\u1ea7n gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea5t Th\u01b0 D\u01b0\u01a1ng...\u201d Ng\u00e0y 4\/9\/1885, sau l\u1ec5 xu\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n, Tr\u1ea7n V\u0103n D\u01b0 k\u00e9o qu\u00e2n v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf 198","T\u1eacP 5: DANH NH\u00c2N QU\u00c2N S\u1ef0 VI\u1ec6T NAM Th\u0103ng B\u00ecnh, Nguy\u1ec5n Duy Hi\u1ec7u c\u00f9ng Nguy\u1ec5n Th\u00e0nh \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb H\u00f2a Vang v\u1ec1 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf V\u0129nh \u0110i\u1ec7n, Phan B\u00e1 Phi\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n t\u1eeb ph\u00eda nam Tam K\u1ef3 v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f9ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p trong nh\u1eefng tr\u1eadn \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft, \u00f4ng sai ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn b\u00e1o v\u1edbi Nguy\u1ec5n \u0110\u00ecnh T\u1ef1u l\u00e0 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n s\u1ebd chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i Nha s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng, T\u1ef1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i l\u00e0m \u0111\u01a1n t\u00e2u ra tri\u1ec1u \u0111\u00ecnh, sau \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 nguy\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 binh l\u00ednh, v\u0169 kh\u00ed r\u1ed3i c\u00e1o b\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb quan. Nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf, sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Nha s\u01a1n ph\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, ch\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i Hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e3 \u0111em qu\u00e2n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e2y s\u00e1t nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o thanh th\u1ebf h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh. V\u1ec1 ph\u00eda th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, ng\u00e0y 29\/7\/1885 m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e1nh thu\u00ea ng\u01b0\u1eddi Angi\u00eari \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng \u0110\u00e0 N\u1eb5ng, ch\u00fang b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00fang tr\u1eadn ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh La Qua (ph\u1ee7 \u0110i\u1ec7n B\u00e0n) (1). Kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi c\u0103m h\u1eddn d\u00e2ng cao h\u01a1n l\u1eeda g\u1eb7p gi\u00f3, kh\u00ed th\u1ebf t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng nhanh nh\u01b0 ch\u1ebb tre, Tu\u1ea7n v\u0169, B\u1ed1 ch\u00e1nh, \u00c1n s\u00e1t n\u01a1i n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i m\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u00e1o ch\u1ea1y. Chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh La Qua, Ngh\u0129a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ee7 ti\u00eau m\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch, th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf c\u0169 \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f4ng khai l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n m\u1edbi. Sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1eeba th\u1eafng x\u00f4ng l\u00ean, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e2y \u0111\u00e1nh hai c\u1ee9 \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a gi\u1eb7c l\u00e0 Tr\u00e0 Ki\u1ec7u v\u00e0 Ph\u00fa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng - hai gi\u00e1o khu l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t t\u1ec9nh Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. L\u00e2u nay, c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u00e0i li\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi vi\u1ebft s\u1eed \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00ea ph\u00e1n h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng anh h\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n C\u1ea7n v\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00f3i chung l\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u1ea1m sai l\u1ea7m v\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u201cb\u00ecnh T\u00e2y s\u00e1t t\u1ea3\u201d- ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 khi \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng gi\u1ebft c\u1ea3 gi\u00e1o d\u00e2n, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f4ng gi\u00e1o Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Th\u1eadt ra kh\u00f4ng h\u1eb3n nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Ri\u00eang trong hai tr\u1eadn d\u00e1nh n\u00e0y, ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n quy\u1ebft b\u1eaft cho b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ean th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i l\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 Nh\u01a1n (t\u1ee9c Bruy\u00e8re cai qu\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Tr\u00e0 Ki\u1ec7u) v\u00e0 c\u1ed1 Thi\u00ean (t\u1ee9c Maillard, cai qu\u1ea3n nh\u00e0 th\u1edd Ph\u00fa Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng). \u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf n\u00e0y, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n tuy\u1ebfn v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 ngh\u0129a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng. (1) Nay thu\u1ed9c th\u1ecb tr\u1ea5n V\u0129nh \u0110i\u1ec7n. Ca dao \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u: \u201cT\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00f3ng t\u1ea1i La Qua\/ H\u1ed9i An to\u00e0 s\u1ee9 v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 vi\u1ec7c quan\u201d ho\u1eb7c t\u1ee5c ng\u1eef \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u00f3 c\u00e2u \u201cCh\u00ecnh \u00ecnh nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00ecnh La Qua\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u1eabn c\u00f2n nh\u1edb c\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng \u201cCon g\u00e1i La Qua, qua h\u00f4n, qua h\u00edt, qua v\u00edt, qua v\u00e9o, qua ch\u1ecdc, qua gh\u1eb9o, bi\u1ec3u em \u0111\u1eebng c\u00f3 la qua\u201d (la:la m\u1eafng; qua: t\u00f4i); v\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed1i l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 \u201cCon g\u00e1i Ph\u01b0\u1edbc Ch\u1ec9, ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea5u, ch\u1ec9 xa, ch\u1ec9 l\u01b0\u1eddi, ch\u1ec9 nh\u00e1c, ch\u1ec9 b\u00e0i, ch\u1ec9 b\u1ea1c, ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ed3ng l\u00e0 may ph\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ec9\u201d (ch\u1ec9: ch\u1ecb \u1ea5y). 199"]