4. SINIF FEN BİLİMLERİ ETKİLEŞİMLİ DERS KİTABI

["MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n99 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.2. \nSuyu Emen Maddeler \nG\u00f6rsel 4.3. \nSuyu Emmeyen Maddeler \nSuyu Emen veya Emmeyen Maddeler \nKar veya ya\u011fmur ya\u011farken su ge\u00e7irmeyen k\u0131yafetler giyilmelidir. Eller, y\u0131kand\u0131ktan sonra havlu \nile kurulanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Baz\u0131 maddeler suyu emerken baz\u0131lar\u0131 suyu emmez ya da \u00e7ok az emer. \nToprak, havlu, tuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131, pe\u00e7ete, s\u00fcnger, pamuk gibi \nmaddeler suyu emer. Masaya d\u00f6k\u00fclen su, maddelerin suyu \nemme \u00f6zelli\u011finden yararlan\u0131larak havlu bezle rahatl\u0131kla temiz- \nlenebilir. \nYa\u011fmurluk, \u015femsiye, \u00e7izme, al\u00fcminyum folyo, cam bardak, \nplastik kap gibi maddeler suyu emmez. \u00c7evrenizde g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz \nbinalar\u0131 nemden korumak i\u00e7in suyu emmeyen maddelerden ya- \np\u0131lan yal\u0131t\u0131m malzemeleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 4.4. \nM\u0131knat\u0131s\u0131n Etki Etti\u011fi Maddeler \nNikel \nDemir \nKobalt \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00c7ekilen veya \u00c7ekilmeyen Maddeler \nBuzdolab\u0131n\u0131n kapa\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131rken kapa\u011f\u0131n m\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekildi\u011fini hissedersiniz. Maddelerin \nm\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00e7ekilmesi de maddeyi s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131ran \u00f6zelliklerden biridir. \nDemir, nikel, kobalt ve \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lan nesneler m\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilir. Odun, plastik, cam, \nal\u00fcminyum, alt\u0131n gibi maddelerden yap\u0131lan nesneler ise m\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilmez. \nHurdal\u0131klarda at\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in maddenin bu \u00f6zelli\u011finden yararlan\u0131larak m\u0131knat\u0131slar kul- \nlan\u0131l\u0131r. M\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilen metal par\u00e7alar geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme g\u00f6nderilerek do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n \ntasarruflu kullan\u0131m\u0131na katk\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r.","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n100 \nMaddeleri S\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131ral\u0131m \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen maddeleri m\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00e7ekilen, suda y\u00fczen veya batan, suyu emen veya emme- \nyen maddeler olarak grupland\u0131rarak belirtilen noktal\u0131 alanlara yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Maddelerin birden fazla \ngruba d\u00e2hil olabilece\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurunuz. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nPlastik top \nKur\u015fun kalem \nMetal kapak \nK\u00e2\u011f\u0131t par\u00e7as\u0131 \nCam bardak \nPamuk \n\u00c7ivi \nToprak \nHavlu \nSuyu emmeyen maddeler: \n............................................................... \n.......................................................... \nSuyu emen maddeler: \n............................................................... \n..................................................... \nSuda batan maddeler: \n.............................................................. \n............................................................ \nSuda y\u00fczen maddeler: \n................................................................. \n............................................................ \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00e7ekilen maddeler: \n............................................................. \n......................................................","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n101 \nMaddelerin \u00d6zelliklerini Belirleyelim \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki tabloyu doldurunuz. \nUYGULAYALIM \n\u2022 \nOrta boy bir kaba su doldurunuz. \n\u2022 \nMalzemeleri kaptaki suyun i\u00e7erisine b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nSuya b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z maddelerin kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisindeki durumlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyiniz. \nVerilen maddeleri duyu organlar\u0131n\u0131zla yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z g\u00f6zlemlere g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendiriniz. Tablodaki \n\u00f6zelliklerden sahip oldu\u011fu \u00f6zelli\u011fi \u201cX\u201d i\u015fareti ile i\u015faretleyiniz. \nSuyu emen \nSuyu emmeyen \nSuda y\u00fczen \nSuda batan \nRaptiye \nS\u00fcnger \nPlastik mandal \nMaden\u00ee para \nK\u00f6p\u00fck top \nPe\u00e7ete \nKuma\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 \n\u00c7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 \nAnahtar \nPlastik kapak \nS\u00fcnger par\u00e7as\u0131 \nPe\u00e7ete \n1 adet k\u00f6p\u00fck top \n1 adet plastik mandal \n1 adet maden\u00ee para \n1 adet raptiye \n1 adet \u00e7ak\u0131l ta\u015f\u0131 \nKuma\u015f par\u00e7as\u0131 \n1 adet anahtar \n1 adet orta boy plastik kap \n1 adet plastik kapak \nSu \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddelerin suyu emen-emmeyen, suda y\u00fczen-batan gibi \u00f6zelliklerini duyu organlar\u0131 \nile belirlemek. \n\u00d6rnekler \n\u00d6zellikler","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n102 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki maddeyi niteleyen \u00f6zelliklerden uygun olanlar\u0131n\u0131 tabloda verilen madde \u00f6r- \nneklerinin kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Verilen maddelerin birden fazla \u00f6zelli\u011fi \nbulunabilece\u011fini g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurunuz. \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB \nSuda batar. \nSuda y\u00fczer. \nSuyu emer. \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla \u00e7ekilir. \n1. Bula\u015f\u0131k s\u00fcngeri \n2. Toplu i\u011fne \n3. Metal ata\u015f \n4. Havlu \n5. Tahta \u00e7ubuk \n6. Plastik deniz topu \n7. Demir ka\u015f\u0131k \n8. \u00c7\u0131pa \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \n............................................................................................. \nMadde \u00d6rnekleri \nMaddeyi Niteleyen \u00d6zellikler \nMaddeyi niteleyen \u00f6zellikler \nduyu organlar\u0131yla ay\u0131rt edilebilir. \nTahta par\u00e7as\u0131, plastik \u015fi\u015fe, pinpon \ntopu gibi maddeler suda y\u00fczen \nmaddelerdir. \nBinalar\u0131n temelleri, suyu emmeyen \nmaddelerden yap\u0131lan yal\u0131t\u0131m \nmalzemeleriyle kaplan\u0131r. \nOdun, plastik, alt\u0131n \ngibi maddelerden \nyap\u0131lan nesneler \nm\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \n\u00e7ekilir. \nToprak, havlu, \npe\u00e7ete, tuvalet \nk\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 gibi maddeler \nsuyu emen \nmaddelerdir. \n\u015eemsiye yap\u0131m\u0131nda \nmaddenin suda \nbatma \u00f6zelli\u011finden \nfaydalan\u0131l\u0131r. \nNikel, kobalt, demir \nve \u00e7elikten yap\u0131lan \nnesneler m\u0131knat\u0131s \ntaraf\u0131ndan \n\u00e7ekilebilir. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n103 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.6. \nK\u00fctle \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm \u00d6rnekleri \nG\u00f6rsel 4.5. \nG\u00fcnl\u00fck Hayattan K\u00fctle ve Hacim \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcm\u00fc ile \u0130lgili \u00d6rnekler \nK\u00fctle \nMaddeleri be\u015f duyu organ\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanarak s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131rabildi\u011finizi \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Ancak maddelerin \nmiktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek istedi\u011finizde be\u015f duyu organ\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanamazs\u0131n\u0131z. Maddelerin miktarlar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \nbaz\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm ara\u00e7lar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyars\u0131n\u0131z. \nMarketten veya pazardan yiyecek ve i\u00e7ecek al\u0131n\u0131rken hangi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc birimleri kullan\u0131l\u0131r? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \n2. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6L\u00c7\u00dcLEB\u0130L\u0130R \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \nBir sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015funa ba\u015fvurdu\u011funuz zaman kontrolleriniz s\u0131ras\u0131nda doktor bask\u00fcle \u00e7\u0131kman\u0131z\u0131 \nisteyebilir. Domates al\u0131rken manav\u0131n domatesin k\u00fctlesini terazi kullanarak \u00f6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bu \n\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerin amac\u0131 ki\u015fiden ki\u015fiye de\u011fi\u015fmeyen, net sonu\u00e7lara ula\u015fmakt\u0131r. \nDe\u011fi\u015fmeyen madde miktar\u0131na \nk\u00fctle \n denir. D\u00fcnyada k\u00fctle, ortak kabul edilen standart k\u00fctlelerle \nkar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Kat\u0131 maddelerin k\u00fctlesini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in e\u015fit kollu terazi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. K\u00fctleyi ifade \netmek i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fc birimleri \nkilogram \n (kg) ve \ngram \n (g)\u2019d\u0131r. \n1 kilogram 1000 gram eder. \nE\u015fit kollu terazide kat\u0131 bir maddenin k\u00fctlesi \u015fu \u015fekilde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr: \n\u2022 \nTerazinin bir kefesine tart\u0131lacak kat\u0131 madde yerle\u015ftirilir. \n\u2022 \nDi\u011fer kefesine standart demir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131klar, iki kefe aras\u0131nda \ndenge olu\u015facak \u015fekilde yerle\u015ftirilir. \n\u2022 \nTerazinin her iki kefesi dengeye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131nda kat\u0131 maddenin \nk\u00fctlesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f olur.","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n104 \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = Br\u00fct k\u00fctle - Dara \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = 560 g - 110 g \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = 450 g \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = Br\u00fct k\u00fctle - Dara \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = 650 g - 110 g \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = 540 g \n\u00d6rnek 1: \n\u00d6rnek 1: \n\u00d6rnek 2: \n\u00d6rnek 2: \nS\u0131v\u0131 maddeler ak\u0131\u015fkan oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in e\u015fit kollu terazide kat\u0131 maddeler gibi do\u011frudan \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclemez. S\u0131v\u0131 \nmaddelerin k\u00fctlesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcrken bir kap kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Do\u011fru \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm i\u00e7in \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n i\u00e7ine koyuldu\u011fu \nkab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rneklerde, \u00f6nce i\u00e7inde s\u0131v\u0131 bulunan kaplar tart\u0131larak br\u00fct k\u00fctleler bulunmu\u015ftur. Sonra \nbo\u015f kaplar tart\u0131larak daralar belirlenmi\u015ftir. Daha sonra br\u00fct k\u00fctlelerden daralar \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131larak s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n \nnet k\u00fctlesi hesaplanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \n S\u0131v\u0131 bir maddenin k\u00fctlesini \u00f6l\u00e7mek gerekti\u011finde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6l\u00e7me a\u015famalar\u0131ndan yararlan\u0131l\u0131r: \n\u2022 \n\u00d6nce e\u015fit kollu terazi veya elektronik terazide \nbo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi \n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcme \ndara \n denir. Bo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi dara olarak not edilir. \n\u2022 \nSonra k\u00fctlesi \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclecek s\u0131v\u0131, kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisine doldurulur ve \ndolu kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi \n \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fcr. \nBu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sonucuna \nbr\u00fct k\u00fctle \n denir. \n\u2022 \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fctlesini bulmak i\u00e7in dolu kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesinden bo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131r. Bu \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm \nsonucuna \nnet k\u00fctle \n denir. \n S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = Dolu kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi - Bo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi \n S\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi = Br\u00fct k\u00fctle - Dara \n560 \ng \n110 \ng \n650 \ng \n110 \ng","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n105 \nK\u00fctleleri \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcyorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rselleri inceleyiniz. Foto\u011fraf makinesi, oyuncak tren ve oyuncak ay\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fctlele- \nrini bulup sonucu yandaki kutulu alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Nesnelerin k\u00fctleleri aras\u0131ndaki ili\u015fkiyi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \nnoktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nFoto\u011fraf makinesinin k\u00fctlesi: \nOyuncak trenin k\u00fctlesi: \nOyuncak ay\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fctlesi: \n100 g \n Yukar\u0131daki nesneleri k\u00fctleleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n.................................................................................................................................................................................................. \n.................................................................................................................................................................................................. \n..................................................................................................................................................................................................","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n106 \n\u0130\u00e7eceklerimizi \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcyoruz \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131nda verilen tablo ve noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Farkl\u0131 maddelerin k\u00fctlelerini \u00f6l\u00e7erek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak. \n\u2022 \nBir bardak suyun br\u00fct k\u00fctlesini terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve sonucu a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nSuyu bo\u015f barda\u011f\u0131n birine bo\u015falt\u0131n\u0131z ve bo\u015faltt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z barda\u011f\u0131n daras\u0131n\u0131 terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve \nsonucu tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nBir kutu ayran\u0131n br\u00fct k\u00fctlesini terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve sonucu tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nAyran\u0131 bardaklardan birine bo\u015falt\u0131n\u0131z, ayran kutusunun daras\u0131n\u0131 terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve \nsonucu tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nBir kutu s\u00fct\u00fcn br\u00fct k\u00fctlesini terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm sonucunu tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nS\u00fct\u00fc bardaklardan birine bo\u015falt\u0131n\u0131z, s\u00fct\u00fcn kutusunun daras\u0131n\u0131 terazide \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz ve \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcm \nsonucunu tabloya yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n3 adet bardak \n1 adet elektronik terazi \n1 bardak su \n1 kutu ayran \n1 kutu s\u00fct \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nS\u0131v\u0131 Maddeler \nBr\u00fct K\u00fctle (g) \nDara (g) \n S\u0131v\u0131 Maddenin Net \nK\u00fctlesi (g) \nSu \nAyran \nS\u00fct \n1. \nTablodaki s\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin net k\u00fctlesini hesaplayarak yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n 2. \n Elde etti\u011finiz k\u00fctleleri b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckleri bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ....................................................................................................................................................................................","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n107 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.7. \nS\u0131v\u0131 Maddelerin Hacimlerini \u00d6l\u00e7en Kaplar \nG\u00f6rsel 4.8. \nHacim \u00d6l\u00e7me Ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \n Hacim \n Ailenizle market al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fine gitti\u011finizde b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinizin, \u201c1 litre ya\u011f almal\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d veya \u201c5 litre su \nalmal\u0131y\u0131m.\u201d dedi\u011fini duyabilirsiniz. Mutfakta kurabiye ya da kek yap\u0131l\u0131rken s\u00fct, s\u0131v\u0131 ya\u011f gibi malzeme- \nlerin hacimlerinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc g\u00f6zlemleyebilirsiniz. \n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap veya dereceli silindir ile s\u0131v\u0131 miktar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in izlenecek \nad\u0131mlar: \n\u2022 \n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap veya dereceli silindire s\u0131v\u0131 eklenir. \n\u2022 \nS\u0131v\u0131 seviyesi g\u00f6zlemlenir, s\u0131v\u0131 d\u00fczeyinin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kapta hangi de\u011fere denk \ngeldi\u011fi tespit edilir. \n\u2022 \nBu de\u011fer \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclen s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n hacmini g\u00f6sterir. G\u00f6rselde verilen kaptaki \ns\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n hacmi 1 litredir. \n Litre (L) ve mililitre (mL) hacim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc birimleridir. K\u00fctle gibi hacim de maddenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir \n\u00f6zelliklerinden biridir. Bir maddenin bo\u015flukta kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alana \n hacim \ndenir. S\u0131v\u0131 bir maddenin hacmini \n\u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in dereceli silindir, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap veya beher kullan\u0131labilir. 1 L, 1000 mL eder. \n250 mL \n200 mL \n150 mL \n100 mL \n50 mL \n1 L","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n108 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.9. \nK\u00fctle ve Hacmi Olmayan Varl\u0131klar \nS\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin hacmi; dereceli silindir, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap gibi ara\u00e7larla kolayca \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. Bununla \nbirlikte, belirgin bir \u015fekle sahip olmayan kat\u0131 maddelerin hacmini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in yine dereceli silindir veya \n\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kaplardan yararlan\u0131labilir. \n \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap ile kat\u0131 bir maddenin hacmini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki a\u015famalar uygulan\u0131r: \n\u2022 \n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisine bir miktar s\u0131v\u0131 eklenir ve s\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n hacmi belirlenir. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisine kat\u0131 madde de eklenir. Suyun y\u00fckseldi\u011fi seviye belirlenir ve not edilir. \n\u2022 \n\u0130lk de\u011fer ile son de\u011fer aras\u0131ndaki fark, kat\u0131 maddenin hacmini g\u00f6sterir. \n\u00c7evremizde kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lde bulunan \u00e7ok say\u0131da madde vard\u0131r. Bu maddelerin hacmi ve k\u00fctlesi \n\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. Okudu\u011funuz kitap, i\u00e7ti\u011finiz su gibi varl\u0131klar k\u00fctle ve hacme sahip maddelerdir. G\u00f6lge, \nelektrik, \u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k ise birer madde de\u011fildir. K\u00fctlesi ve hacmi olan varl\u0131klara \nmadde \n denir. \nSuyun ilk hacmi \nSuyun cisim at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki hacmi \nKat\u0131 maddenin hacmi= Suyun cisim at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki hacmi - Suyun ilk hacmi \nG\u00f6rselde, ba\u015flang\u0131\u00e7ta 400 ml su bulunan kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisine bir ta\u015f at\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ta\u015f at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra \nsu seviyesinin 500 ml\u2019ye \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlenmi\u015ftir. \nKat\u0131 maddenin hacmi= Suyun cisim at\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonraki hacmi - Suyun ilk hacmi \nKat\u0131 maddenin hacmi= 500 ml - 400 ml \nKat\u0131 maddenin hacmi= 100 ml \n\u00d6rnek: \n\u00d6rnek: \n\u2022 \n Kat\u0131 bir cismin hacmini belirlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00f6rne\u011fi inceleyiniz.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n109 \nKat\u0131 Maddelerin Hacmini \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcyorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \n3 adet ayn\u0131 hacimde \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap \nSu \n1 adet elma \n\u2022 \n\u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kaplara e\u015fit miktarda su koyunuz. \n\u2022 \nI. kaba elma koyunuz ve su seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n\u2022 \nII. kaba ta\u015f koyunuz ve su seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n\u2022 \nIII. kaba patates koyunuz ve su seviyesini \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n 1. \nMaddelerin hacimlerini s\u0131ras\u0131yla hesaplay\u0131n\u0131z. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n 2. \n \u00d6l\u00e7t\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz maddeleri, hacmi en fazla olan maddeden en az olana do\u011fru s\u0131ralay\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n G\u00f6zlem sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131za g\u00f6re hangi y\u00f6ntemi kullanarak maddelerin hacimlerini s\u0131ralad\u0131n\u0131z? \n3. \n A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n1 adet ta\u015f \n1 adet orta b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte patates \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Farkl\u0131 kat\u0131 maddelerin hacimlerini \u00f6l\u00e7erek kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak. \nI. Kap \nII. Kap \nIII. Kap","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n110 \nHacimleri \u00d6l\u00e7\u00fcyorum \n \u00d6m\u00fcr ve \u00dclk\u00fc, Fen Bilimleri dersi proje \u00f6devi i\u00e7in basit oda kokular\u0131 \u00fcreteceklerdir. Bu \ni\u015flemi I. ve II. \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kaptaki s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131 III. \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kapta kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rarak yapacaklard\u0131r. III numaral\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc \nkaplardaki s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n hacimlerini hesaplay\u0131p noktal\u0131 alanlara yazarak s\u0131v\u0131 seviyelerine kadar boya- \ny\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \na. a. \nc. c. \nb. b. \n+ \n= \nI. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nIII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \n+ \n= \nI. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nIII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \n+ \n= \nI. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nIII. S\u0131v\u0131 \n....... ml \nDaha \u00e7ok \netkinlik i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n111 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rselleri inceleyiniz. Ayn\u0131 kap bo\u015fken ve i\u00e7i su doluyken elektronik terazide \ntart\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00f6rselden yararlanarak sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \nBo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi nedir? \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \nDolu kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesi nedir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nSuyun net k\u00fctlesi nas\u0131l hesaplan\u0131r? A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nBir maddenin k\u00fctlesi dereceli \nkap ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. \nS\u0131v\u0131n\u0131n net k\u00fctlesini bulabilmek i\u00e7in \nbr\u00fct k\u00fctle ve daraya ihtiya\u00e7 vard\u0131r. \nMaddenin bo\u015flukta kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alana \n\u201ck\u00fctle\u201d denir. \nS\u0131v\u0131 bir maddenin \nhacmini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \ndereceli silindir, \n\u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcl\u00fc kap, beher \nkullan\u0131labilir. \nKitap, su, hava gibi \nvarl\u0131klar k\u00fctle ve \nhacme sahip mad- \ndelerdir. \nMeyve suyu, ayran \ngibi s\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin \nk\u00fctlesi e\u015fit kollu \nterazi ile \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. \n\u015eim\u015fek, g\u00f6lge, \nelektrik, \u0131s\u0131, \u0131\u015f\u0131k k\u00fct- \nle ve hacme sahip \nolmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in birer \nmadde de\u011fildir. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n2. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n112 \nOyun oynad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z misketin, su i\u00e7ti\u011finiz barda\u011f\u0131n \u015feklini belirli bir kuvvet uygulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z s\u00fcrece \nde\u011fi\u015ftiremezsiniz. \u015ei\u015fedeki limonata d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde hemen ortal\u0131\u011fa yay\u0131l\u0131r. Balonu \u015fi\u015firmek i\u00e7in \u00fcfle- \ndi\u011finiz havay\u0131 g\u00f6remezsiniz ama havan\u0131n varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bilirsiniz. Misket, meyve suyu ve hava birbirinden \nfarkl\u0131 maddelerdir ve farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahiptir. Maddeler; kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz olmak \u00fczere do\u011fada \u00fc\u00e7 \nh\u00e2lde bulunur. \nKat\u0131 Maddeler \nKat\u0131 maddelerin belirli bir \u015fekli vard\u0131r. \u015eekilleri ancak d\u0131\u015far\u0131dan bir kuvvet uyguland\u0131\u011f\u0131nda de\u011fi- \n\u015febilir. Kat\u0131 maddelerin ak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k \u00f6zelli\u011fi yoktur. \nG\u00f6rsel 4.10. \nKat\u0131 Maddeler \nKat\u0131 maddeler ak\u0131\u015fkan de\u011fildir fakat mercimek, bulgur, pirin\u00e7 gibi \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck taneli kat\u0131 maddeler \nak\u0131\u015fkanm\u0131\u015f gibi davran\u0131r. Bu maddeler herhangi bir kaba doldurulduklar\u0131nda o kab\u0131n \u015feklini alm\u0131\u015f gibi \ng\u00f6r\u00fcnseler de her bir tanenin kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc \u015fekli vard\u0131r. \n 3. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: MADDEN\u0130N H\u00c2LLER\u0130 \nHam maddesi alt\u0131n, g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f gibi de\u011ferli madenler olan s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131 nas\u0131l yap\u0131lmaktad\u0131r? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nG\u00f6rsel 4.11 \nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck Taneli Kat\u0131 Maddeler \nBo\u015f bir teneke kutunun \u015fekli \u00fczerinden a\u011f\u0131r bir cisim ge\u00e7ti\u011finde bozulabilir ama teneke kutunun \nmadde olma \u00f6zelli\u011fi kaybolmaz. Kalem, masa, \u00e7anta kat\u0131 maddelere \u00f6rnektir.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n113 \nS\u0131v\u0131 Maddeler \nS\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin belirli bir \u015fekli yoktur. S\u0131v\u0131 maddeler, bulunduklar\u0131 kab\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131r. Su; barda\u011fa \nkoydu\u011funuzda barda\u011f\u0131n, kovaya koydu\u011funuzda kovan\u0131n \u015feklini al\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131 maddeler ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r. S\u0131v\u0131 \nmaddenin d\u00f6k\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnde zemine yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n sebebi ak\u0131\u015fkan olmas\u0131d\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 4.12 \nS\u0131v\u0131 Maddeler \nG\u00f6rsel 4.13. \nGaz Maddeler \nAnneniz mutfakta yemek pi\u015firirken tencereden \u00e7\u0131kan buhar\u0131n etrafa yay\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rebilirsiniz. \n\u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gaz maddeler yay\u0131lma \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir. Likit petrol gaz\u0131 (LPG) ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7lara dolduru- \nlan gaz ve motorlu ara\u00e7larda yak\u0131t\u0131n yanmas\u0131yla olu\u015fan egzoz gaz\u0131 gaz maddelere \u00f6rnektir. \nMaddeler do\u011fada \u00fc\u00e7 h\u00e2lde bulunur. \u0130\u00e7ti\u011finiz su do\u011fada s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lde bulunur. Yaz\u0131n i\u00e7ece\u011finizi \nso\u011futmak i\u00e7in barda\u011f\u0131n i\u00e7ine att\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z buz, suyun kat\u0131 h\u00e2line \u00f6rnektir. \u00c7aydanl\u0131ktan \u00e7\u0131kan buhar ise \nsuyun gaz h\u00e2line \u00f6rnektir. \n S\u00fct, limonata, susam ya\u011f\u0131, \u00e7ay, su, bal, meyve suyu ve ayran s\u0131v\u0131 maddelere \u00f6rnektir. \nGaz Maddeler \nGaz maddelerin belirli bir \u015fekli ve hacmi yoktur. Gaz maddeler, bulunduklar\u0131 kab\u0131n \u015feklini ve \nhacmini al\u0131r. Gaz maddeler de s\u0131v\u0131 maddeler gibi ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r. Bulunduklar\u0131 hacme yay\u0131l\u0131rlar. Gaz \nmaddeleri g\u00f6remezsiniz ama hissedersiniz. Balonun \u015fi\u015fmesini sa\u011flayan havad\u0131r. \u015ei\u015firdi\u011finiz balonun \na\u011fz\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda i\u00e7indeki havan\u0131n bo\u015fald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, balonun indi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc gaz maddeler \nu\u00e7ucudur, ortama yay\u0131l\u0131r.","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n114 \nMaddeleri Tan\u0131yoruz \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddelerin h\u00e2llerine ait temel \u00f6zellikleri kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak. \n\u2022 \nFarkl\u0131 renkteki fon kartonlar\u0131na \u201c \nKat\u0131 Maddeler, S\u0131v\u0131 Maddeler, Gaz Maddeler \n\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nEtiketlere; \u201csandalye, k\u00f6m\u00fcr, s\u00fcnger, bal, limonata, pekmez, kitap, ayran, kalem, s\u00fct, su \nbuhar\u0131, hava, su, do\u011fal gaz\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nYazd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z madde isimlerini fon kartonlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \nFon kartonlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z maddelerden hangileri ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r? \n ..................................................................................................................................................................................... \n Fon kartonlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z maddelerden hangileri gaz h\u00e2ldedir? \n2. \n ..................................................................................................................................................................................... \n Fon kartonlar\u0131na yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z maddelerden hangilerinin belirli bir \u015fekli vard\u0131r? \n3. \n ..................................................................................................................................................................................... \n3 adet A4 boyutunda farkl\u0131 renklerde \nfon kartonu \n14 adet etiket \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nDaha \u00e7ok \netkinlik i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n115 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131 tabloda verilen maddelerin numaralar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 \nmadde numaras\u0131n\u0131 bir veya birden fazla sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 olarak kullanabilirsiniz. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \nHangi maddeler ak\u0131\u015fkand\u0131r? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nBelirli bir \u015fekli olan maddeler hangileridir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nAk\u0131\u015fkanm\u0131\u015f gibi davran\u0131p bulundu\u011fu kab\u0131 dolduran kat\u0131 maddeler hangileridir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n3. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB \n Su \n Vazo \n Zeytinya\u011f\u0131 \n Oksijen \n Ayran \n Do\u011fal gaz \n Bula\u015f\u0131k s\u00fcngeri \n Su buhar\u0131 \n Pamuk \n Soda \n Hava \n Toz \u015feker \n1 \n5 \n9 \n2 \n6 \n10 \n3 \n7 \n11 \n4 \n8 \n12 \nElinize d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz kolonya bir s\u00fcre sonra s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden \nkat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \nKat\u0131 maddelerin belirli bir \u015fekli vard\u0131r. \nMaddeler kat\u0131, s\u0131v\u0131 ve gaz olmak \u00fczere \ndo\u011fada \u00fc\u00e7 h\u00e2lde bulunur. \nS\u0131v\u0131 maddeler ak\u0131\u015f- \nkand\u0131r ve s\u0131v\u0131lar\u0131n \nbelirli bir \u015fekli \nyoktur. \nDo\u011fal gaz, \negzoz gaz\u0131, su bu- \nhar\u0131 gaz maddelere \n\u00f6rnektir. \nMum, \u0131s\u0131narak \nkat\u0131 h\u00e2lden \ns\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \nMercimek, bulgur, \npirin\u00e7 gibi madde- \nler kat\u0131 maddelere \n\u00f6rnektir. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n116 \n Buzdolab\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z su \u015fi\u015fesi so\u011fuktur ve elinizin so\u011fumas\u0131na neden olur. F\u0131r\u0131ndan yeni \n\u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015f ekmek s\u0131cakt\u0131r ve elinizin \u0131s\u0131nmas\u0131na neden olur. Bir maddenin; \u0131s\u0131 etkisiyle s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 artarsa \nmadde \n\u0131s\u0131n\u0131r \n, \u0131s\u0131n\u0131n azalmas\u0131yla s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 azal\u0131rsa madde \nso\u011fur \n. \nIs\u0131nma So\u011fuma Deneyi \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddenin \u0131s\u0131nma ve so\u011fumas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6zlem yapmak. \n 4. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: MADDEN\u0130N ISI ETK\u0130S\u0130YLE DE\u011e\u0130\u015e\u0130M\u0130 \nElinize ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z buz neden bir s\u00fcre sonra erir? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \n\u2022 \n250 ml behere su koyup s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 termometreyle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n\u2022 \n250 ml beheri \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131ya al\u0131p bir s\u00fcre \u0131s\u0131tt\u0131ktan sonra tekrar s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcp not ediniz. \n\u2022 \n800 ml behere buz k\u00fcplerini koyup s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 termometreyle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n\u2022 \nK\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck beheri b\u00fcy\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn i\u00e7ine yerle\u015ftiriniz, iki behere de termometreleri ayr\u0131 ayr\u0131 yerle\u015ftiriniz. \n\u2022 \nTermometreleri ve beherleri g\u00f6zlemleyiniz, sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 not ediniz. \n1. \nSizce termometredeki de\u011ferler nas\u0131l de\u011fi\u015fti? \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n2. \nHangi beherdeki madde \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131, hangisi so\u011fudu? \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n1 adet 250 ml beher \n1 adet 800 ml beher \n2 adet termometre \n1 adet \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 (ispirto oca\u011f\u0131, sacaya\u011f\u0131) \nSu, buz k\u00fcpleri \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n117 \nIs\u0131nma So\u011fuma Deneyi Tasarl\u0131yorum \n Maddelerin \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p so\u011fumas\u0131n\u0131 \u201cIs\u0131nma So\u011fuma Deneyi\u201dnde uygulayarak \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Siz de \nbu uygulamada malzemeleri ve uygulama basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyerek bir \u0131s\u0131nma so\u011fuma deneyi \ntasarlay\u0131n\u0131z. Deneyinize ait g\u00f6zlem sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriniz. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddenin \u0131s\u0131nma ve so\u011fumas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik deney yapmak. \n Deneyde izleyece\u011finiz uygulama basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturunuz. \n\u2022 \n............................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................................................................................... \n Deneye ait sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde de\u011ferlendiriniz. \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................................ \nDeneyde kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z malzemeleri bu b\u00f6l\u00fcme yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n118 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.14. \nKardan Adam\u0131n Is\u0131narak Erimesi \nG\u00f6rsel 4.15. \nDonmu\u015f Meyve Suyu \nG\u00f6rsel 4.16. \nY\u00fczeyi Donan G\u00f6l \nLimonataya ekledi\u011finiz buz, elinize ald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7ikolata bir s\u00fcre sonra \u0131s\u0131narak erir. K\u0131\u015f mevsiminde \nso\u011fuk bir havada yap\u0131lan kardan adam, hava \u0131s\u0131n\u0131nca eriyerek kat\u0131 h\u00e2lden s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. Kat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki \nmaddenin \u0131s\u0131narak s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \nerime \n denir. \nMeyve suyunun kal\u0131plara koyularak buzlukta dondurulmas\u0131, k\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6llerin y\u00fczeyinin donmas\u0131 \ns\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki maddelerin so\u011fuyarak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir. S\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki bir maddenin \nso\u011fuyarak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \ndonma \n denir. \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Kutup ay\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131n\u0131n neden darald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arka- \nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z. \nMaddenin H\u00e2l De\u011fi\u015fimi \nBir\u00e7ok madde do\u011fada birden fazla h\u00e2lde bulunabilir. Maddeler, \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131k\u00e7a ya da so\u011fuduk\u00e7a bir \nh\u00e2lden ba\u015fka bir h\u00e2le ge\u00e7ebilir. Su, s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lde bulunurken so\u011fuyarak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7ebilir. Dolu ve kar \nbuna \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir. S\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki su \u0131s\u0131narak gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7ebilir. Havadaki nem buna \u00f6rnek \nolarak verilebilir.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n119 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.17. \nCam At\u0131\u011f\u0131n \nGeri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcme G\u00f6nderilmesi \nG\u00f6rsel 4.18. \nDezenfektan\u0131n Buharla\u015fmas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 4.19. \nMaddenin H\u00e2l De\u011fi\u015fimi \nGeri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutular\u0131nda toplanan cam \nambalajlar geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm tesislerine g\u00f6t\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr. \nCam at\u0131klar renklerine g\u00f6re ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Cam k\u0131r\u0131klar\u0131 \nh\u00e2line getirildikten sonra y\u00fcksek dereceli f\u0131r\u0131nlar- \nda \u0131s\u0131t\u0131larak s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. Daha \nsonra kal\u0131plara d\u00f6k\u00fcl\u00fcp so\u011futulan bu s\u0131v\u0131 cam- \ndan yeni cam \u015fi\u015feler \u00fcretilir. Bu \u015fekilde cam; kat\u0131 \nh\u00e2lden s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le, s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden de tekrar kat\u0131 h\u00e2le \nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. Bu h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimleri maddelerin do\u011fada \nfarkl\u0131 h\u00e2llerde bulunabilece\u011fini g\u00f6stermektedir. \nTencerede kaynayan suyun buharla\u015fmas\u0131, \nG\u00fcne\u015f\u2019in yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u0131s\u0131yla yery\u00fcz\u00fcndeki sular\u0131n bu- \nharla\u015fmas\u0131 s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki maddelerin \u0131s\u0131narak gaz \nh\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \u00f6rnektir. Dezenfektan\u0131 elinize \nd\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fczde elinizdeki \u0131slakl\u0131k k\u0131sa bir s\u00fcre son- \nra kaybolur. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc dezenfektan, s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden gaz \nh\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr. S\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki bir maddenin \u0131s\u0131narak \ngaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \nbuharla\u015fma \n denir. \n Do\u011fada \u00fc\u00e7 h\u00e2lde bulunabilen suyun h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimleri g\u00f6rsel 4.19\u2019da g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. \nBuharla\u015fma \nDonma \nErime","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n120 \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nMaddeler Hangi H\u00e2lde? \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki maddelerin hangi h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimine u\u011frad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6rnekteki gibi noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nBuharla\u015fma \n................................. \n.................................. \n.................................. \nSu \nS\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki \u00e7ikolata \nS\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki tereya\u011f\u0131 \nBuz \nSu \nKat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki tereya\u011f\u0131 \nKat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki \u00e7ikolata \nSu buhar\u0131 \nBuza dokundu\u011fumuz zaman buz bazen cildimize yap\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Buzun yap\u0131\u015f\u0131p yap\u0131\u015fmamas\u0131 cildi- \nmizdeki neme yani suya ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu nem; elimizin \u0131slakl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan, terden ya da buzun dokundu- \n\u011fumuz yerinin erimesiyle olu\u015fan sudan kaynaklan\u0131r. Su, cildimizle buz aras\u0131nda ince bir katman \nolu\u015fturur. E\u011fer buz \u00e7ok so\u011fuksa sudaki \u0131s\u0131y\u0131 al\u0131r ve bu da cildimizle buz aras\u0131ndaki suyun \ndonmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7ar. Bu nedenle buz cildimize yap\u0131\u015fabilir. \n (Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 257. Say\u0131, Syf. 59\u2019dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n121 \nBuzlar Buhar Oldu \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddenin \u0131s\u0131nma ve so\u011fumas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6zlem yapmak. \n\u2022 \nBeherin i\u00e7ine buzlar\u0131 ekleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nBeheri \u0131s\u0131st\u0131c\u0131ya yerle\u015ftirip \u00f6\u011fretmeninizin yard\u0131m\u0131yla \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nBeherin i\u00e7indeki buzlar\u0131n zamanla de\u011fi\u015fimini g\u00f6zlemleyiniz. \n1. \nMaddenin hangi h\u00e2llerini g\u00f6zlemlediniz? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n2. \nHangi h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimi olaylar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmi\u015ftir? \n ............................................................................................................................................................................. \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n3. \n Bu deneyin sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fada nas\u0131l g\u00f6zlemlersiniz? \n ............................................................................................................................................................................. \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n ............................................................................................................................................................................. \n ............................................................................................................................................................................. \nBir miktar buz \n1 adet elektrikli \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131 \n1 adet 500 ml\u2019lik beher \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n A\u015f\u0131r\u0131 so\u011fuk havalar\u0131n tar\u0131m bitkilerine ne gibi zararlar\u0131 oldu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma \nsonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z. ","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n122 \nH\u00e2l De\u011fi\u015fimi Deneyi Tasarl\u0131yorum \n Maddelerin h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015ftirmesini \u201cBuzlar Buhar Oldu\u201d deneyinde uygulayarak \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Siz \nde bu uygulamada malzemeleri ve uygulama basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirleyerek bir h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimi deneyi \ntasarlay\u0131n\u0131z. Deneyinize ait g\u00f6zlem sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re uygulaman\u0131z\u0131 de\u011ferlendiriniz. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Maddenin h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine y\u00f6nelik deney tasarlamak. \n Deneyde izleyece\u011finiz uygulama basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturunuz. \n\u2022 \n...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n\u2022 \n...................................................................................................................................................................................... \nDeneye ait sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmde de\u011ferlendiriniz. \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ............................................................................................................................................................................................ \nDeneyde kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z malzemeleri bu b\u00f6l\u00fcme yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \n ............................................. \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n123 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131da h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015ftirme \u00f6rnekleri verilmi\u015ftir. \u00d6rneklerdeki maddeler \u0131s\u0131narak h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fti- \nriyorsa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u201c\u0131s\u0131narak\u201d, so\u011fuyarak h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015ftiriyorsa kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na \u201cso\u011fuyarak\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n4. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB \n........................................................ \n........................................................ \n........................................................ \n........................................................ \nDenizden \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u00fczerinizdeki su damlac\u0131klar\u0131 \nso\u011fuyarak buharla\u015f\u0131r. \nK\u0131\u015f\u0131n g\u00f6llerin y\u00fczeyinin donmas\u0131 \nerimeye \u00f6rnektir. \nK\u0131\u015f aylar\u0131nda su borular\u0131n\u0131n donmas\u0131, \n s\u0131v\u0131 maddenin \u0131s\u0131narak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le \nge\u00e7mesine \u00f6rnektir. \nTencerede kayna- \nyan su \u0131s\u0131narak s\u0131v\u0131 \nh\u00e2lden gaz h\u00e2le \nge\u00e7er. \nSo\u011fuk bir havada \n yap\u0131lan kardan \nadam, hava \u0131s\u0131n\u0131nca \neriyerek kat\u0131 h\u00e2lden \ns\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \nKat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki mad- \ndenin \u0131s\u0131narak s\u0131v\u0131 \nh\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \n\u201cerime\u201d denir. \nS\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki bir \nmaddenin so\u011fu- \nyarak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le \nge\u00e7mesine \u201cdonma\u201d \ndenir. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \na \nCama eritilerek \u015fekil verilmesi \nb \nDondurman\u0131n erimesi \nc \n\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r\u0131n kurumas\u0131 \n\u00e7 \nG\u00f6l\u00fcn buz tutmas\u0131","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n124 \nDo\u011fada tahmin edebilece\u011fimizden \u00e7ok daha fazla madde vard\u0131r. Bu maddelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 tek \nba\u015f\u0131na bulunur, baz\u0131lar\u0131 ise birka\u00e7 maddenin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fur. Maddeler, saf madde ve \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m olarak ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. \n Baz\u0131 maddeler iki ya da daha fazla saf maddenin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fur. B\u00f6yle mad- \ndelere \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \n denir. Hamur; un, su, tuz ve mayan\u0131n bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fan bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. \nSalata, \u00e7orba, cac\u0131k, re\u00e7el, ayran, hava, toprak birer kar\u0131\u015f\u0131md\u0131r. Bir kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturan maddeler \nkendi \u00f6zelliklerini kaybetmez. Limon ve su ayr\u0131 maddelerdir. \u0130kisini birbirine kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda limonun \ntad\u0131n\u0131 yine al\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z. \nG\u00f6rsel 4.21. \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00d6rnekleri; Salata, \u00c7orba ve Cac\u0131k \nG\u00f6rsel 4.20. \n Saf Madde \u00d6rnekleri; \u015eeker, Alt\u0131n ve Bak\u0131r \n 5. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: SAF MADDE VE KARI\u015eIM \n Suyu bekletti\u011finizde herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fim g\u00f6rmezken, ayran\u0131 bekletti\u011finizde neden \nfarkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \n Tuz, \u015feker, alt\u0131n, bak\u0131r, su, oksijen gibi yap\u0131lar\u0131nda kendinden ba\u015fka madde bulundurmayan \nmaddelere \nsaf madde \n denir. \n Saf maddeler farkl\u0131 bi\u00e7im, boyut ve miktarlarda olsa bile her zaman ayn\u0131 \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir. \n\u00d6rne\u011fin bak\u0131r\u0131n cezve ya da elektrik kablosu yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 bak\u0131r olma \u00f6zelli\u011fini de\u011fi\u015ftirmez.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n125 \nSaf Madde mi, Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m m\u0131? \n1. \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen maddelerden saf olanlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu bulutlar\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m olanlar\u0131n \nbulundu\u011fu bulutlar\u0131 maviye boyay\u0131n\u0131z. \n Meyve Salatas\u0131 Yapal\u0131m \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda s\u0131k kullan\u0131lan maddelerle kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m elde etmek. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \n\u2022 \n \u00d6\u011fretmeninizden meyveleri dilimlemesini isteyiniz. \n\u2022 \n Dilimlenmi\u015f meyveleri taba\u011fa koyarak kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131p yiyiniz. \n 1. \nMeyve salatas\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturan meyveler kendi \u00f6zelliklerini neden kaybetmedi? \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n 2. \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlara g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fant\u0131n\u0131zdan \u00fc\u00e7 \u00f6rnek veriniz. \n ............................................... ...................................................... ..................................................... \nSe\u00e7ti\u011finiz 3 \u00e7e\u015fit meyve \nB\u00fcy\u00fck bir tabak \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nyo\u011furt \n g\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f \n tuz \n tuzlu su \n s\u00fctla\u00e7 \n \u00e7orba \n \u015feker \ndemir \n alt\u0131n \n ayran \n hava \n limon \n limonata \n oksijen \n meyve suyu \n2. \nYukar\u0131da ay\u0131rt etti\u011finiz saf madde ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n aras\u0131ndaki fark\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \n ...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ...................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ......................................................................................................................................................................................","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n126 \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 Ay\u0131ral\u0131m \nTabloda verilen kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in uygun olan ay\u0131rma y\u00f6nteminin bulun- \ndu\u011fu kutuyu (X) i\u015fareti ile i\u015faretleyiniz. \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n Ayr\u0131lmas\u0131 \nG\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131zda farkl\u0131 \u00f6zelliklere sahip bir\u00e7ok kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ay\u0131rmak zorunda kalabilirsiniz. Bu du- \nrumlarda, kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 olu\u015fturan maddelerin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re \u00e7o\u011funlukla kullan\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi \nbulunmaktad\u0131r. \nEleme \nEleme \nKat\u0131-kat\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \nbir y\u00f6ntemdir. Unu i\u00e7indeki yabanc\u0131 madde- \nlerden, bu\u011fday\u0131 kabu\u011fundan veya ta\u015flardan \nay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in eleme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nS\u00fczme \nS\u00fczme \nKat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan \nbir y\u00f6ntemdir. Y\u0131kanan mercime\u011fi, pi\u015fen \nmakarnay\u0131 veya mant\u0131y\u0131, \u00e7ay\u0131n posas\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131r- \nmak i\u00e7in s\u00fczme y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla Ay\u0131rma \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla Ay\u0131rma \nM\u0131knat\u0131s taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ekilebilen en az bir \nmaddenin bulundu\u011fu kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmada \nkullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. Toplu i\u011fne-boncuk, \ndemir tozu-kum gibi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \nm\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \n4.22. \nEleme \u00d6rne\u011fi \n4.23. \nS\u00fczme \u00d6rne\u011fi \n4.24. \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla Ay\u0131rma \u00d6rne\u011fi \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nKum-su \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \nPirin\u00e7-tuz \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \nToplu \ni\u011fne-d\u00fc\u011fme \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \nZeytinya\u011f\u0131- \nzeytin kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \nToprak-ta\u015f \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 \nEleme \nS\u00fczme \nM\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 \nAy\u0131rma Y\u00f6ntemleri \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \n\u00d6rnekleri","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n127 \n\u00d6nce Kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r Sonra Ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015famda kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z maddeleri, uygun ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemlerini kullanarak \nayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak. \n\u2022 \nRaptiyeleri, unu ve tala\u015f\u0131 plastik kapta kar\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nUygun ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemlerini belirleyerek t\u00fcm maddeleri kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mdan ay\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemlerini s\u0131ras\u0131yla yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n M\u0131knat\u0131s olmasayd\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131 nas\u0131l ay\u0131rabilirdiniz? \n2. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n .................................................................................................................................................................................... \n3. \nG\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta s\u0131kl\u0131kla kullan\u0131lan ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemleri nelerdir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n1 adet plastik kap \nBirka\u00e7 tane raptiye \n1 avu\u00e7 tala\u015f \n1 su barda\u011f\u0131 un \n1 adet m\u0131knat\u0131s \n1 adet elek \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n \u0130n\u015faatlarda kullan\u0131lan ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemlerinin neler oldu\u011funu ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \narkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n128 \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n Ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00dclke Ekonomisine Katk\u0131s\u0131 \nEv, i\u015f yeri ve okul gibi yerlerde pek \u00e7ok kat\u0131 at\u0131k; di\u011fer at\u0131klarla beraber \u00e7\u00f6pe at\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \n\u00c7\u00f6p olarak at\u0131lan bu kat\u0131 at\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 sadece \u00e7evreyi korumakla kalmaz. Enerji tasarrufu, \ndo\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n verimli kullan\u0131m\u0131 gibi alanlarda da ekonomiye katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. \nCam, plastik, k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t ve metal at\u0131klar ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. B\u00f6ylece yeni \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \nyap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131lacak ham maddelerin elde edilmesinde harcanan enerji, zaman ve i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcnden \nde tasarruf sa\u011flan\u0131r. \nCAM \n\u00c7\u00f6plerin ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 ve geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcne harcanan enerji, \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn s\u0131f\u0131rdan \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in \nharcanan enerjiden daha azd\u0131r. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yap\u0131larak enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flan\u0131r. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnlerin \nham maddesinin s\u0131f\u0131rdan elde edilmesi i\u00e7in harcanan enerji, zaman ve i\u015f g\u00fcc\u00fcnden sa\u011flanacak \ntasarruf \u00fclke ekonomimiz i\u00e7in kazan\u00e7 demektir. \nSebze ve meyve at\u0131klar\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6p kutular\u0131na at\u0131lmak yerine, do\u011fal g\u00fcbre (kompost) yap\u0131m\u0131nda \nkullan\u0131larak de\u011ferlendirilebilir. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutular\u0131n\u0131n \u00fczerlerindeki renk, a\u00e7\u0131klama ve sembollere \nuygun at\u0131klar\u0131n at\u0131lmas\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fc kolayla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r. \nMavi geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t, sar\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu plastik, gri geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu \nmetal, ye\u015fil geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu cam, kahverengi geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu organik at\u0131klar\u0131n toplan- \nmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Pillerin geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn \u00e7evreye ve canl\u0131lara nas\u0131l bir katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131r- \nma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n129 \n2. \nBu ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini neden yapmal\u0131y\u0131z, tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktal\u0131 \n alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nAyr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum \n1. \n G\u00f6rselleri verilen at\u0131klar\u0131n numaralar\u0131n\u0131, at\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutular\u0131n\u0131n \n altlar\u0131nda belirtilen alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \n1 \n6 \n2 \n7 \n3 \n8 \n4 \n9 \n5 \n10 \n11 \n12 \n13 \n14 \n15","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n130 \nOkuldaki At\u0131klar\u0131 Ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma \n Okullarda bir proje kapsam\u0131nda at\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma karar\u0131 al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu karar\u0131n etkilerini \ng\u00f6rmek i\u00e7in sizden bir s\u0131n\u0131f tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yapman\u0131z istenmektedir. Tart\u0131\u015fmada bu projenin \u00fclke \nekonomisine ve \u00e7evreye etkilerini \u201calt\u0131 \u015fapkal\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme tekni\u011fi\u201d ile de\u011ferlendirmeniz beklenmek- \ntedir. Tart\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek ve projeyi y\u00fcr\u00fctmek i\u00e7in uygulama basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 takip ediniz. \nUygulama sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na g\u00f6re de\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nHer bir fon kartonundan yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 ve makas yard\u0131m\u0131yla huni \u015feklinde birer \u015fapka yap\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nS\u0131n\u0131f mevcuduna g\u00f6re alt\u0131 grup olu\u015fturunuz ve gruplarla \u015fapkalar\u0131 e\u015fle\u015ftiriniz. \n\u2022 \nTakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u015fapkan\u0131n anlam\u0131na uygun olarak okuldaki at\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma karar\u0131n\u0131 de\u011ferlen- \ndiriniz. \n 1. \n At\u0131k ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015fleminin \u00fclke ekonomisine etkisini tart\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131z. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar nelerdir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n At\u0131k ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma i\u015flemini \u00e7evresel olarak de\u011ferlendiriniz. \n2. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \nBirer adet siyah, beyaz, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131, ye\u015fil, mavi ve \nsar\u0131 fon kartonu \n1 adet yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \n1 adet makas \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \n\u015eapka Renklerinin Anlamlar\u0131 \n: \nBeyaz \u015fapka: \nTarafs\u0131z ve objektif \nK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131 \u015fapka: \n Duygusal bak\u0131\u015f a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131 \nSiyah \u015fapka: \nOlumsuz ve karamsar \nSar\u0131 \u015fapka: \n\u0130yimser, faydalara odakl\u0131 \nYe\u015fil \u015fapka: \n Yeni fikirler, yarat\u0131c\u0131l\u0131k \nMavi \u015fapka: \nS\u00fcrecin ve di\u011fer \u015fapkalar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kontrol\u00fc \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131n ayr\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131, ekonomiye katk\u0131s\u0131 ve kaynaklar\u0131n etkili kullan\u0131m\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \n de\u011ferlendirmek.","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n131 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nMaddeleri i\u00e7eriklerine g\u00f6re s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131ran \u015femay\u0131 inceleyiniz. Numaralarla belirtilen alan- \nlara hangi kavramlar gelmelidir? Tablodaki noktal\u0131 alanlara yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n5. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB \nMadde \nSaf Madde \n1 \ntuz \n2 \n3 \n\u00e7orba \n1 \n2 \n3 \n........................ \n.......................... ........................... \n Salata saf bir maddedir. \nToplu i\u011fne-boncuk kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 ay\u0131rmada \nm\u0131knat\u0131sla ay\u0131rma y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nEleme, kat\u0131-s\u0131v\u0131 kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in \nkullan\u0131lan bir y\u00f6ntemdir. \nUnun i\u00e7indeki \nyabanc\u0131 maddeleri \nay\u0131rmada eleme \ny\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nTala\u015f-su, \nlimonata, ayran \ngibi maddeler \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma \u00f6rnektir. \nYap\u0131lar\u0131nda kendin- \nden ba\u015fka madde \nbulundurmayan \nmaddelere \u201csaf \nmadde\u201d denir. \nMavi geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \nkutusu k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t at\u0131kla- \nr\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda \nkullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n132 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bulmacay\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n1. \nHacim \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcs\u00fc birimidir. \n2. \nKat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki maddenin \u0131s\u0131narak s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine denir. \n3. \nDe\u011fi\u015fmeyen madde miktar\u0131na denir. \n4. \nS\u0131v\u0131 \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinde bo\u015f kab\u0131n k\u00fctlesine denir. \n5. \nMaddenin \u00fc\u00e7 h\u00e2linden biridir. \n6. \nToplu i\u011fne-boncuk, demir tozu-kum gibi kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131 ay\u0131rmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \n7. \n\u0130ki ya da daha fazla maddenin bir araya gelmesiyle olu\u015fur. \nA \n\u00dcN\u0130TE SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \n3 \n4 \n7 \n2 \n5 \n1 \n6","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n133 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadeleri dikkatlice okuyunuz. Do\u011fru ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cD\u201d, yanl\u0131\u015f ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \n\u201cY\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Yanl\u0131\u015f olan ifadelerin do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 yerlere yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \n7. 7. \n8. 8. \n(.....) K\u00fctlesi ve hacmi olan varl\u0131klara \u201cmadde\u201d denir. \n.................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Binalar\u0131n \u00e7at\u0131lar\u0131 suyu emme \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6steren yal\u0131t\u0131m malzemeleriyle kaplan\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Br\u00fct k\u00fctleden dara \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131rsa net k\u00fctle bulunur. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Maddeyi niteleyen \u00f6zellikleri duyu organlar\u0131m\u0131zla ay\u0131rt edebiliriz. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Salata, \u00e7orba gibi maddeler kar\u0131\u015f\u0131ma \u00f6rnektir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Maddeler do\u011fada iki h\u00e2lde bulunur. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Kat\u0131 maddelerin belirli bir \u015fekilleri vard\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) S\u0131v\u0131 maddeler \u0131s\u0131narak kat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \n7. 7. \n8. 8. \n9 9 \n. . \n10. \n10. \nC\u00fcmlelerdeki bo\u015fluklar\u0131, verilen kelimelerden uygun olanlar\u0131yla tamamlay\u0131n\u0131z. \nDe\u011fi\u015fmeyen madde miktar\u0131na .................................. denir. \nPirin\u00e7 y\u0131karken .................................. y\u00f6ntemi kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nBir maddenin bo\u015flukta kaplad\u0131\u011f\u0131 alana .................................. denir. \nS\u00fct, zeytinya\u011f\u0131 gibi maddeler .......................... \u00f6zelli\u011fi g\u00f6sterir. \nTuz, \u015feker, su, al\u00fcminyum ve oksijen .................................. maddelere \u00f6rnektir. \nMum \u0131s\u0131narak erir, b\u00f6ylece .................................. h\u00e2lden s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \nKat\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki bir maddenin \u0131s\u0131narak s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine .................................. denir. \nS\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2ldeki bir maddenin \u0131s\u0131narak gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine .................................. denir. \n\u0130ki ya da daha fazla maddenin bir araya gelmesiyle .................................. olu\u015fur. \nSar\u0131 geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm kutusu, .................................. at\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nhacim \nak\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131k \nsaf \nk\u00fctle \nkar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \nbuharla\u015fma \nerime \nkat\u0131 \ns\u00fczme \ndonma \nplastik \nB \nC","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n134 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli sorularda do\u011fru se\u00e7ene\u011fi i\u015faretleyiniz. \n1. 1. \nCemre, dedesinin \u00fcretti\u011fi ballar\u0131 tartmak istedi. Elektronik teraziye koydu\u011fu kavanozu \ndoldurmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. Terazide 1000 g ibaresini g\u00f6r\u00fcnce doldurmay\u0131 b\u0131rakt\u0131. \nKavanozun daras\u0131 150 g oldu\u011funa g\u00f6re Cemre\u2019nin tartt\u0131\u011f\u0131 bal\u0131n net k\u00fctlesi ka\u00e7 \n, \ngramd\u0131r? \nA) 650 \nB) 750 \nC) 850 \nD) 950 \n2. 2. \nI. Tala\u015f-Kum \nII. Pirin\u00e7-Tuz \nIII. Demir tozu-\u015eeker \nYukar\u0131daki madde kar\u0131\u015f\u0131mlar\u0131ndan hangileri ayn\u0131 y\u00f6ntemle birbirinden ayr\u0131l\u0131r? \nA) I ve II \nB) I ve III \nC) II ve III \nD) I, II ve III \n3. 3. \nI. Ya\u011fmurluk gibi \u00fcr\u00fcnlerde kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nII. Pamuktan \u00fcretilenleri vard\u0131r. \nIII. Ka\u011f\u0131t havlular \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir. \nSuyu emen maddeler ile ilgili verilen \u00f6zelliklerden hangileri do\u011frudur? \nA) Yaln\u0131z I B) Yaln\u0131z II C) II ve III D) I, II ve III \n4. 4. \nI. Maddenin \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir \u00f6zellikleri k\u00fctle ve hacimdir. \nII. Kat\u0131 ve s\u0131v\u0131 maddelerin k\u00fctlesi e\u015fit kollu teraziyle \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fclebilir. \nIII. K\u00fctlenin birimi litre ya da mililitredir. \nYukar\u0131daki ifadelerden hangileri do\u011frudur? \nA) Yaln\u0131z I B) I ve II C) II ve III D) I, II ve III \n\u00c7","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n135 \n5. 5. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki tabloda saf madde ve kar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \u00f6rnekleri verilmi\u015ftir. \nBuna g\u00f6re \u00f6rneklerin verildi\u011fi gruplardan hangileri yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? \nA) I ve II B) I ve III C) II ve IV D) III ve IV \n6. 6. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131da K, L ve M maddelerinin bulunduklar\u0131 h\u00e2ller ile ilgili \u00f6zellikler verilmi\u015ftir. \nK Is\u0131narak gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7er. \nL U\u00e7ucudur. \nM Belli bir \u015fekli vard\u0131r. \nBuna g\u00f6re K, L ve M maddelerinin h\u00e2lleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin hangisinde do\u011fru s\u0131ralama \nile verilmi\u015ftir? \n KATI SIVI GAZ \nA) K L M \nB) L M K \nC) M K L \nD) K M L \n7. 7. \nRuhi sabah kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131nda balkondaki suyun buz tuttu\u011funu g\u00f6rm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Annesiyle \nd\u0131\u015far\u0131y\u0131 izledikleri s\u0131rada \u00e7aydanl\u0131kta kaynayan suyun azald\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmi\u015flerdir. Annesi \ndolaptan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 tereya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 oca\u011fa al\u0131p \u0131s\u0131tm\u0131\u015f ve tereya\u011fl\u0131 yumurta yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Yemekten \nsonra ellerini y\u0131kayan Ruhi, sobaya tuttu\u011fu ellerinin kurudu\u011funu g\u00f6zlemlemi\u015ftir. \nBuna g\u00f6re, Ruhi\u2019nin g\u00f6zlemledi\u011fi durumlarla ilgili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerden hangisi \nyanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r? \nA) Suyun buz tutmas\u0131, maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden kat\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesiyle ger\u00e7ekle\u015fir. \nB) \u00c7aydanl\u0131kta kaynayan su, maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \u00f6rnektir. \nC) Ruhi\u2019nin ellerinin kurumas\u0131, maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesine \u00f6rnektir. \nD) Ocakta \u0131s\u0131nan tereya\u011f\u0131, maddenin s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2lden gaz h\u00e2le ge\u00e7mesi olay\u0131d\u0131r. \nSaf Madde \nKar\u0131\u015f\u0131m \nI. \nSu \nLimonata \nII. \n\u00c7orba \nBak\u0131r \nIII. \n\u015eeker \nSalata \nIV. \nTuz \nAlt\u0131n","4. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n136 \n8. 8. \n\u00d6zg\u00fcr, deniz k\u0131y\u0131s\u0131nda buldu\u011fu bir ta\u015f\u0131n hacmini belirlemek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki deney d\u00fcze- \nne\u011fini tasarl\u0131yor. \n\u00d6zg\u00fcr, ta\u015f\u0131 kaba att\u0131\u011f\u0131nda su seviyesinin 500 mL\u2019den 900 mL\u2019ye ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zlemli- \nyor. Buna g\u00f6re ta\u015f\u0131n hacmi ka\u00e7 mL\u2019dir? \nA) 1000 B) 900 C) 500 D) 400 \n9. 9. \nD\u00fcnyan\u0131n kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131, gelecek nesilleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kadar kullanmam\u0131z ge- \nrekmektedir. Son y\u0131llarda bir\u00e7ok \u00fclke bunun i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli \u00f6nlemler almaktad\u0131r. Kaynaklar\u0131n \ntasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda, olu\u015fan at\u0131klar\u0131n ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmesi de \nolduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. Bu sayede \u00fclkeler hem \u00e7evreye daha az zarar verir hem de \u00fcretim \ndaha ekonomik olur. \nBu bilgilere g\u00f6re a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi s\u00f6ylenemez? \nA) T\u00fcm at\u0131klar ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131larak geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. \nB) Kaynaklar\u0131 gelecek nesilleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek kullanmak \u00e7evreyi olumlu etkiler. \nC) \u00dclkeler kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 tasarruflu kullanmak i\u00e7in \u00f6nlemler almaktad\u0131r. \nD) At\u0131klar\u0131 ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak ekonomik olarak tasarruf sa\u011flar. \n10. I. Cam bilye suda y\u00fczer. \n10. \nII. Plastik bo\u015f \u015fi\u015fe suda y\u00fczer. \nIII. \u00c7ay ka\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 suda batar. \nIV. Maden\u00ee para suda batar. \nV. Alt\u0131n kolye suda y\u00fczer. \nBu ifadelerden ka\u00e7 tanesi do\u011frudur? \nA) 2 B) 3 C) 4 D) 5","MADDEN\u0130N \u00d6ZELL\u0130KLER\u0130 \n137 \n11. \n11. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi ayn\u0131 maddenin farkl\u0131 h\u00e2llerine \u00f6rnek g\u00f6sterilebilir? \nA) \u00c7aydanl\u0131kta kaynayan suyun su buhar\u0131na d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015fmesi \nB) S\u00fcrahideki suyun bardaklara bo\u015falt\u0131lmas\u0131 \nC) Pirin\u00e7ten pirin\u00e7 unu yap\u0131lmas\u0131 \nD) Peynirin kutudan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131l\u0131p dilimlenmesi \n12. 12. \nIs\u0131nan maddelerin h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015ftirmesine y\u00f6nelik deney tasarlamak isteyen bir \u00f6\u011frenci \na\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisini kullanamaz? \nA) Eline d\u00f6kt\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kolonyan\u0131n bir s\u00fcre sonra buharla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \nB) G\u00fcne\u015fte b\u0131rak\u0131lan sak\u0131z\u0131n s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \nC) Meyve suyuna ekledi\u011fi buzlar\u0131n zamanla s\u0131v\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \nD) Eriyen \u00e7ikolata paketini buzdolab\u0131nda eski h\u00e2line gelmesini \n13. Tereya\u011f\u0131 g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zda kat\u0131 h\u00e2lde kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z maddelerdendir. Fakat bir\u00e7ok \n13. \nyemekte kullanmadan \u00f6nce tereya\u011f\u0131n\u0131 eriterek s\u0131v\u0131 h\u00e2le ge\u00e7iririz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin hangisinde verilen \u00f6rnekteki h\u00e2l de\u011fi\u015fimine benzer bir durum olu\u015f- \nmaktad\u0131r? \nA) Meyve suyunu buz kal\u0131plar\u0131na d\u00f6kerek dondurucuya koymak \nB) Buzdolab\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lan dondurman\u0131n bir s\u00fcre sonra ak\u0131\u015fkan olmas\u0131 \nC) \u00c7aydanl\u0131kta kaynayan suyun bir s\u00fcre sonra bitmesi \nD) Meyve salatas\u0131 haz\u0131rlarken meyveleri do\u011framak \n14. \n14. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen \u015fekilde kaba\u011f\u0131n k\u00fctlesi ka\u00e7 kilogramd\u0131r? \nA) 1 kg 350 g B) 1 kg 800 g C) 2 kg 350 g D) 2 kg 500 g \nDaha fazla \nsoru i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","138138 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nAYDINLATMA \nTEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n2. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nUYGUN AYDINLATMA \n3. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nI\u015eIK K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 \nAYDINLATMA VE \nSES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \nBu \u00fcnitede; \n\u2022 Ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131, \n\u2022 Uygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n nas\u0131l olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini, \n\u2022 Ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 tasarruflu kullanmay\u0131, \n\u2022 I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finin nedenlerini ve olumsuz etkilerini, \n\u2022 I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini, \n\u2022 Ses teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131, \n\u2022 \u015eiddetli sese sahip teknolojik ara\u00e7lar\u0131n olumlu ve \n olumsuz etkilerini, \n\u2022 Ses kirlili\u011finin nedenlerini ve olumsuz etkilerini, \n\u2022 Ses kirlili\u011fini azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini \n4. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nGE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE SES \nTEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n5. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nSES K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 \n \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fiz.","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n139 \ne-i\u00e7erik \nEBA \u00fcnite alan\u0131 \n\u00dcnitemizin Kavramlar\u0131 \n\u2022 Ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojileri \n\u2022 Ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \n\u2022 Uygun ayd\u0131nlatma \n\u2022 I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi \n\u2022 Ses teknolojileri \n\u2022 Ses kay\u0131t teknolojileri \n\u2022 Ses kirlili\u011fi \n139","140 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n 1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: AYDINLATMA TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n Yapay \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131 olmasayd\u0131 hayat\u0131m\u0131z nas\u0131l olurdu? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \n I\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n hayat\u0131n\u0131zdaki \u00f6nemi nedir? Hava karard\u0131ktan sonra evlerinizde rahatl\u0131kla \nders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilir, ak\u015fam yeme\u011fini haz\u0131rlarken ailenize yard\u0131m edebilirsiniz. Ak\u015fam yeme\u011finden sonra \ne\u011flenmek i\u00e7in ailece g\u00f6lge oyunu oynayabilir ya da lunaparka gidebilirsiniz. Sa\u011fl\u0131k, ula\u015f\u0131m, g\u00fcvenlik \nve \u00fcretim gibi \u00f6nemli alanlar ayd\u0131nlatmalar sayesinde hi\u00e7 durmadan hizmet vermeye devam eder. \nAyd\u0131nlatma, ya\u015fam kalitemizi artt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n her alan\u0131nda \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. \n \u0130nsanlar, var olduklar\u0131 ilk g\u00fcnden beri G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019i \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullanmaktayd\u0131lar. Ayd\u0131n- \nlatma teknolojileri \nate\u015f \nin ke\u015ffiyle geli\u015fmeye ba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130nsanlar, ate\u015fi ke\u015ffettikten sonra geceleri de \nya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yeri ve \u00e7evresini ayd\u0131nlatabileceklerini fark ettiler. Daha farkl\u0131, g\u00fcvenli ve uzun s\u00fcre \u0131\u015f\u0131k \n\u00fcretebilecek ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 geli\u015ftirme yolculu\u011fu da b\u00f6ylece ba\u015flam\u0131\u015f oldu. \nAte\u015fin ke\u015ffiyle birlikte ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojilerinin elde edilen ilk \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc \nme\u015fale \n olmu\u015ftur. \n\u0130nsanlar, \u00e7am a\u011fac\u0131 re\u00e7inesini bir sopan\u0131n ucuna s\u00fcrerek \nme\u015fale \n \u00fcretmeye ve ya\u015fad\u0131klar\u0131 yerleri bu \nme\u015falelerle ayd\u0131nlatmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. \nMe\u015faleden sonra daha geli\u015fmi\u015f bir ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 \u00fcretmek i\u00e7in ta\u015ftan oyduklar\u0131 kaplar\u0131n \ni\u00e7lerine hayvansal veya bitkisel ya\u011flar koydular. Kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisine yerle\u015ftirdikleri fitil denilen bir \u00e7e\u015fit \nipin yak\u0131lmas\u0131yla \u0131\u015f\u0131k veren \nkandil \nler yapmaya ba\u015flad\u0131lar. B\u00f6ylelikle ate\u015fin daha kontroll\u00fc yanmas\u0131n\u0131 \nve ayd\u0131nlatma s\u00fcresinin uzamas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015f oldular. Daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k elde etmek i\u00e7in kandillere bir- \nden fazla fitil eklediler. \u0130lerleyen zamanlarda kil, demir, tun\u00e7 gibi farkl\u0131 maddelerden daha dayan\u0131kl\u0131 \nve kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 kandiller \u00fcrettiler. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.1. \nG\u00f6lge Oyunu ve Lunapark \nG\u00f6rsel 5.2. \nAte\u015f \nG\u00f6rsel 5.4. \nKandil \nG\u00f6rsel 5.3. \nMe\u015fale","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n141 \n\u0130nsanlar, gaz ya\u011f\u0131n\u0131n daha az is \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve daha uzun s\u00fcre ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmi\u015f, gaz \nya\u011f\u0131 ve fitil kullanarak \ngaz lambas\u0131 \nn\u0131 \u00fcretmi\u015ftir. Gaz lambalar\u0131, \u00fczerlerine yerle\u015ftirilen koruyucu \ncam sayesinde, yaralanma ve yang\u0131nlara kar\u015f\u0131 daha g\u00fcvenli bir ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. \n\u0130nsano\u011flunun ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015fmas\u0131 zaman i\u00e7erisinde daha \u00e7e\u015fitli ve kullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 teknolojik \n\u00fcr\u00fcnlerin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Farkl\u0131 alanlardaki teknolojik ke\u015fifler birbirini etkilemi\u015ftir. Ay- \nd\u0131nlatma teknolojisini etkileyen en \u00f6nemli bulu\u015f elektri\u011fin ke\u015ffi olmu\u015ftur. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.5. \nMum \nG\u00f6rsel 5.6. \nGaz Lambas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 5.7. \nAmpul \u00c7e\u015fitleri \n Sonras\u0131nda \u00fcretilen mumlarda ise balmumu, hayvansal ya\u011flar ve parafin gibi maddeler \nkullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu maddelerin eritilip bir kal\u0131p i\u00e7erisindeki fitilin etraf\u0131nda tekrar dondurulmas\u0131 ile \nmum \n elde edilmektedir. Mumun kandil ve me\u015faleye g\u00f6re kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n kolay olmas\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmada \nyayg\u0131nla\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Mum, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha \u00e7ok s\u00fcsleme amac\u0131yla olsa da insanlar tara- \nf\u0131ndan ayd\u0131nlatma amac\u0131yla h\u00e2l\u00e2 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \nHalojen Lamba \nAmpul \nFloresan Lamba \nLed Lamba \n Thomas Edison (Tam\u0131s Edis\u0131n), elektrik ak\u0131m\u0131 ge\u00e7en telin \u0131s\u0131nd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayd\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmi\u015f- \ntir. B\u00f6ylece elektrik enerjisinin kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 ilk ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 olan \nampul \n \u00fcretilmeye ve kullan\u0131lma- \nya ba\u015flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \n Ampul\u00fcn ke\u015ffinden sonra bilim insanlar\u0131 bu teknolojiyi geli\u015ftirerek farkl\u0131 ampuller \u00fcretmeye \ndevam etmi\u015ftir. Ampule g\u00f6re daha az elektrik t\u00fcketen \nfloresan lamba \nlar, floresandan daha uzun \n\u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fc ve daha tasarruflu \nled lamba \nlar, b\u00fcy\u00fck alanlar\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmada kullan\u0131lan \nhalojen lamba- \nlar \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir.","142 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \n1- Ayd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 Tan\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n adlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alanlara yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Bu ara\u00e7lardan g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz- \nde kullan\u0131lanlar\u0131n alt\u0131ndaki daireleri i\u015faretleyiniz. \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \n.......................................... \nAmpul \nKandil \nTercih Nedeni \n.................................................................................................................................................. \nFloresan Lamba \nGaz Lambas\u0131 \nTercih Nedeni \n.................................................................................................................................................. \nMe\u015fale \nMum \nTercih Nedeni \n.................................................................................................................................................. \nAmpul \nLed Lamba \nTercih Nedeni \n.................................................................................................................................................. \n2- Ayd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 \u00e7iftlerinden birini tercih ederek \u00f6n\u00fcndeki kutuyu i\u015faretleyi- \nniz. Tercih nedeninizi belirtilen noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z.","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n143 \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Ge\u00e7mi\u015fte ve g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmak. \nAyd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 Kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nS\u0131n\u0131fta olabildi\u011fince karanl\u0131k bir ortam sa\u011flay\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011fretmeninizin yakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 mumu ve mumun ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nMumu s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcz ve feneri a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. Fenerin ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nFeneri kapat\u0131n\u0131z ve s\u0131n\u0131f lambas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7arak lamban\u0131n ayd\u0131nlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortam\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyiniz. \n 1. \n Mum, fener ve s\u0131n\u0131f lambas\u0131n\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma g\u00fcc\u00fc bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n 2. \n Bu ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta hangi durumlarda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini tart\u0131\u015farak \n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ................................................................................................................................................................................... \n1 adet mum \n1 adet fener \nS\u0131n\u0131f lambas\u0131 \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \n D\u00fcnya tarihinde bilinen ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ilk cadde, Hatay\u2019da bulunan \u201cKurtulu\u015f Caddesi\u201ddir. \nDaha \u00e7ok \netkinlik i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","144 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar ve \u00e7e\u015fitli alanlardaki teknolojik geli\u015fmeler ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojilerini \nolumlu etkilemi\u015ftir. \u0130nsanlar, uzun y\u0131llar i\u00e7erisinde bilim ve teknolojiden yararlanarak \u00e7e\u015fitli ayd\u0131n- \nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 tasarlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojileri, bir\u00e7ok alanda hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kolayla\u015ft\u0131rmakta ve \nya\u015fam kalitemizi artt\u0131rmaktad\u0131r. Mum, kandil, gaz lambas\u0131 gibi ara\u00e7lar yerini g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ampul, \nfloresan ve led lamba gibi ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131na b\u0131rakm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. B\u00f6ylece ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n, kitap okuma- \nn\u0131n daha verimli s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilmesi sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \n Ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sadece ak\u015famlar\u0131 evleri ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lmam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131r- \nmalarla geli\u015ftirilen ayd\u0131nlatma teknolojileri ile uzay\u0131n karanl\u0131klar\u0131ndan okyanus diplerine kadar bir\u00e7ok \nyerde ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131labilmektedir. \nAyd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 sayesinde \u00fcretim, fabrikalarda ak\u015fam saatlerinde de devam edebilir. \nMaden ocaklar\u0131nda kaz\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131labilir. Hava, kara ve deniz yolu yolculuklar\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma \nteknolojileri sayesinde daha uzun s\u00fcreli, h\u0131zl\u0131 ve g\u00fcvenli h\u00e2le gelir. Sanatsal, k\u00fclt\u00fcrel ve sportif \netkinliklerin farkl\u0131 alanlarda g\u00fcn\u00fcn her saatinde yap\u0131labilmesine olanak sa\u011flar. \nAyd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ev, okul, i\u015f yeri gibi pek \u00e7ok mek\u00e2nda kullan\u0131lan elektronik cihazlar\u0131n \u00fcze- \nrinde kullan\u0131c\u0131y\u0131 uyarmak amac\u0131yla da yer al\u0131r. Evlerde kullan\u0131lan \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesi, bula\u015f\u0131k makine- \nsi, su \u0131s\u0131t\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 gibi elektronik ara\u00e7larla; s\u0131n\u0131flarda kullan\u0131lan ak\u0131ll\u0131 tahta, projeksiyon cihaz\u0131, hoparl\u00f6r, \nyaz\u0131c\u0131 gibi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \u00fczerindeki \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 uyar\u0131c\u0131lar bu cihazlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131p \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterir. \nTrafikte \u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 uyar\u0131c\u0131lar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 hayati \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131maktad\u0131r. I\u015f\u0131kl\u0131 i\u015faret cihazlar\u0131nda yanan \n\u0131\u015f\u0131klar sayesinde trafi\u011fin g\u00fcvenli ve d\u00fczenli bir \u015fekilde akmas\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. Ta\u015f\u0131tlarda yer alan uya- \nr\u0131 lambalar\u0131; ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f y\u00f6nlerini, durma ya da hareket etme iste\u011fini di\u011fer s\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fclerin fark \netmesini sa\u011flar. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.8. \nAyd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Ya\u015famdaki Yerine \u00d6rnekler \nG\u00f6rsel 5.9. \nAyd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Teknolojik Aletlerde Kullan\u0131m\u0131","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n145 \nGelecek \u0130\u00e7in Bir Ayd\u0131nlatma Arac\u0131 Tasarl\u0131yorum \n Ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131, ge\u00e7mi\u015ften g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcze teknolojinin geli\u015fmesi ve ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n farkl\u0131la\u015fma- \ns\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli de\u011fi\u015fimlere u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha verimli ve daha \u00e7evreci ara\u00e7lar tercih \nedilmektedir. Sizden gelecekte kullan\u0131labilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz bir ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 tasarla- \nman\u0131z istenmektedir. Tasarlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z arac\u0131 verilen bo\u015f alana \u00e7iziniz. Arac\u0131n\u0131za ait \u00f6zellikleri ve \nkullan\u0131m amac\u0131n\u0131 verilen noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131fta arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131za tan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Gelecekte kullan\u0131labilecek ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131na y\u00f6nelik tasar\u0131m yapmak. \n........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n.............................................................................................................................................................................................. \n Ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bu alana \u00e7iziniz. \n Ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131n\u0131za ait \u00f6zellikleri ve kullan\u0131m amac\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bu alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z.","146 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen par\u00e7adan yararlanarak sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n \u0130lerleyen y\u0131llarda geli\u015fen teknoloji ile birlikte \u00e7evrenizin ve kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ara\u00e7lar\u0131n nas\u0131l \nde\u011fi\u015febilece\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \nSizce evlerinizin ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 gelecekte nas\u0131l olabilir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nGeli\u015ftirilecek ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretiminde hangi fakt\u00f6rler dikkate al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nAyd\u0131nlatma teknolojileri ate\u015fin ke\u015ffiyle geli\u015fmeye \nba\u015flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nAyd\u0131nlatma teknolojisinin ilk \n\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc kandildir. \n \u0130nsanlar \u00e7am a\u011fac\u0131 re\u00e7inesini bir \nsopan\u0131n ucuna s\u00fcrerek me\u015fale yapt\u0131lar. \n Kandil, me\u015faleye \ng\u00f6re daha \nkullan\u0131\u015fl\u0131 bir \nayd\u0131nlatma \narac\u0131d\u0131r. \nThomas Edison \nelektrik enerjisi ile \n\u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ampul\u00fc \nicat etmi\u015ftir. \nMumun \u00fcretiminde \nbalmumu, hayvan- \nsal ya\u011f ve parafin \ndenen maddeler \neritilerek \nkullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \nFloresan lambalar \nampule g\u00f6re daha \naz elektrik t\u00fcketir. \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \nA \nB","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n147 \n. \n2. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: UYGUN AYDINLATMA \n Uygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na etkileri neler olabilir? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nBulundu\u011funuz ortamlar\u0131 yeteri kadar ayd\u0131nlatan, olabildi\u011fince az enerji t\u00fcketen ve g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131- \n\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatmaya \nuygun ayd\u0131nlatma \n denir. \n\u00c7evrenizdekileri g\u00f6rebilmek i\u00e7in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7 duyars\u0131n\u0131z. Uygun ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 ile bulundu- \n\u011funuz ortam\u0131 do\u011fru bir \u015fekilde ayd\u0131nlatarak i\u015flerinizi daha kolay ve sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 yapabilirsiniz. Ayd\u0131nlat- \nma arac\u0131 se\u00e7ilirken ortam\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne, \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve rengine dikkat edilmelidir. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.10. \nUygun Ayd\u0131nlatma \u00d6rnekleri \nDi\u015f hekimleri, hastalar\u0131n\u0131n di\u015f tedavilerini \nyapabilmek i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ayd\u0131nlatmaya \nihtiya\u00e7 duyar. \nFoto\u011fraf\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n, st\u00fcdyo ortam\u0131nda daha \nnet foto\u011fraflar \u00e7ekebilmeleri i\u00e7in g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u0131\u015f\u0131k \nkayna\u011f\u0131 kullanmalar\u0131 gerekir. \nVerimli ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmek ve g\u00f6z \nsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyabilmek i\u00e7in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru \nkullanmak gerekir. \nMaden i\u015f\u00e7ileri, yeterli \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \nortamlarda \u00e7al\u0131\u015famazlar.","148 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nDers \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131z olan \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 ile oday\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 \nbirbirinden farkl\u0131 olmal\u0131d\u0131r. Masa lambas\u0131, k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir alan\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmak i\u00e7in yeterliyken odan\u0131n tama- \nm\u0131n\u0131n ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yetersizdir. Ortam\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ve yap\u0131lacak \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma, \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n rengini \nve parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 se\u00e7mede en \u00f6nemli etkenlerdendir. \nUygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n en \u00f6nemli amac\u0131, g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 korumakt\u0131r. I\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011funuz \nortam\u0131 gere\u011finden az veya \u00e7ok ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131 g\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc yorar ve g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 bozar. G\u00f6zlerini- \nzi G\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131nlar\u0131 gibi y\u00fcksek parlakl\u0131ktaki \u0131\u015f\u0131klara uzun s\u00fcre maruz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda g\u00f6rmede sorun \nya\u015fars\u0131n\u0131z. Bilgisayar, cep telefonu ve tabletlerin \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in gere\u011finden az ya da \u00e7ok \nolmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Televizyon izlerken ekran ile aran\u0131zdaki mesafenin uygun olmas\u0131na dikkat etmelisiniz. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.11. \n\u0130htiyaca G\u00f6re Ayd\u0131nlatma \nG\u00f6rsel 5.12. \nTeknolojik Aletleri Kullan\u0131rken Ortam\u0131n ve Mesafenin \u00d6nemi \n\u0130nsanlar\u0131n ve di\u011fer canl\u0131lar\u0131n sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 olabilmek \ni\u00e7in gece g\u00fcnd\u00fcz d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcne ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 var. \u00d6rne\u011fin \nmelatonin (b\u00fcy\u00fcme hormonu) \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in karan- \nl\u0131k bir ortam olmas\u0131 gerekir. Melatonin, v\u00fccudun \ni\u015fleyi\u015finde \u00e7e\u015fitli g\u00f6revleri bulunan ve uyku d\u00fczenini \nsa\u011flayan bir hormon. Ancak \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi, melatoninin \nd\u00fczenli \u00fcretilmesine engel olarak sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n olumsuz \netkilenmesine yol a\u00e7ar. \n(Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 213. Say\u0131, Syf. 26\u2019dan \nal\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI"]