4. SINIF FEN BİLİMLERİ ETKİLEŞİMLİ DERS KİTABI

["AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n149 \nHangi Ayd\u0131nlatma Do\u011fru \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rselleri inceleyiniz. Uygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6rselin alt\u0131ndaki kutuyu \ni\u015faretleyiniz. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nDers \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken bulundu\u011funuz ortamdaki \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n geldi\u011fi y\u00f6n g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 korumak i\u00e7in \u00f6nemli- \ndir. I\u015f\u0131k, do\u011frudan g\u00f6ze gelmemelidir. Resim \u00e7izerken, yaz\u0131 yazarken sol elinizi kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n \nsa\u011fdan, sa\u011f elinizi kullan\u0131yorsan\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n soldan gelmesine dikkat etmelisiniz. \nDo\u011fru ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n gereklili\u011fi hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n bir\u00e7ok alan\u0131nda kar\u015f\u0131n\u0131za \u00e7\u0131kar. Trafikteki ara\u00e7lar\u0131n \nayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131, gece yap\u0131lan yolculuklarda yolu yeteri kadar ayd\u0131nlatamazsa ciddi kazalar meydana \ngelebilir. Uygun ayd\u0131nlatma hem sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hem de g\u00fcvenli\u011finiz a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemlidir. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.13. \nDers \u00c7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n Geldi\u011fi Y\u00f6n \n 1. 2. \n 3.","150 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nKitap Okurken Uygun Ayd\u0131nlatma \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Uygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemini kavramak. \n\u2022 \nS\u0131n\u0131fta olabildi\u011fince karanl\u0131k bir ortam sa\u011flay\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nBir \u00f6\u011frencinin sa\u011f omzunun \u00fcst\u00fcnden kitab\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatacak \u015fekilde feneri yak\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011frenciden kitab\u0131 okumas\u0131n\u0131 isteyiniz. \n\u2022 \nSonra feneri kapat\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nDaha sonra feneri, s\u0131ras\u0131yla \u00f6\u011frencinin tam arkas\u0131ndan ve tam \u00f6n\u00fcnden gelecek \u015fekilde \ntutup a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011frenciden kitab\u0131 tekrar okumas\u0131n\u0131 isteyiniz. \n Kitab\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 farkl\u0131 y\u00f6nlerden gelen \u0131\u015f\u0131k alt\u0131nda ne kadar rahat okudu\u011funuzu tart\u0131\u015farak \n1. \n ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n2. \n Kitap okurken fenerin bulundu\u011fu konumlar g\u00f6zlerinizi nas\u0131l etkiledi? A\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n Kitap okurken kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken uygun ayd\u0131nlatma nas\u0131l olmal\u0131d\u0131r? \n3. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n1 adet fener \n1 adet hik\u00e2ye kitab\u0131 \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Evlerde ve okullarda olmas\u0131 gereken uygun ayd\u0131nlatma uygulamalar\u0131n\u0131 ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ev ve \nokulunuzda bulunan ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 bu uygulamalarla kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arka- \nda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n151 \nAyd\u0131nlatma Ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n Tasarruflu Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \nEvde, okulda, sokaklarda, ma\u011fazalarda, i\u015f yerlerinde, hastanelerde ve daha bir\u00e7ok yerde \nelektrik enerjisi ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Elektrik enerjisi \u00fcretiminde genellikle t\u00fcke- \nnebilir enerji kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.14. \nOrtam\u0131n B\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne G\u00f6re Yap\u0131lan Ayd\u0131nlatma \nG\u00f6rsel 5.15. \nT\u00fcnel, Metro ve Sokak Ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131 \nBir ortam\u0131n gere\u011finden fazla ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 bo\u015fa giden enerji, fazla gelen elektrik faturas\u0131 \ndemektir. Bir evin salonunda kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 ile banyoda kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 t\u00fckettikleri \nenerji miktar\u0131 bak\u0131m\u0131ndan ayn\u0131 olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Banyoda ve salonda uygun parlakl\u0131kta \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 kul- \nlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Uygun ayd\u0131nlatmalar yaparak ve elektrik enerjisini tasarruflu kullanarak hem \u00fclke hem \nde aile ekonomisine katk\u0131da bulunabilirsiniz. \nT\u00fcnel, metro gibi ortamlar\u0131n g\u00fcn\u00fcn her an\u0131nda ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Uzun s\u00fcreli ayd\u0131nlat- \nma gerektiren durumlarda tasarruflu ampullerin kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u00fclke ekonomisine b\u00fcy\u00fck katk\u0131 sa\u011flar. \nCadde ve sokak lambalar\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na duyarl\u0131 olmal\u0131 yani g\u00fcnd\u00fczleri yanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Lambalar \nyaln\u0131zca yolu ayd\u0131nlatacak \u015fekilde tasarlanmal\u0131 ve yerle\u015ftirilmelidir. \nYa\u015fan\u0131lan ortamlarda kullan\u0131lmayan lambalar s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmeli, az enerji t\u00fcketen ampuller kul- \nlan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00c7ok fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7 duyuldu\u011funda birka\u00e7 tane lamba yerine bir tane g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc lamba \nkullanmak hem ortam\u0131 daha iyi ayd\u0131nlatacak hem de maliyeti azaltacakt\u0131r.","152 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nG\u00f6rsel 5.16. \nG\u00fcn I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve Duvar Renginin Ortam\u0131n Ayd\u0131nlatmas\u0131na Etkisi \n\u0130\u015f yeri ve binalar g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha fazla yararlan\u0131lacak \u015fekilde in\u015fa edilmeli, sens\u00f6rl\u00fc lam- \nbalar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Binalar\u0131n duvarlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k renge boyanmas\u0131 g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha \u00e7ok faydalan- \nmay\u0131 sa\u011flar. \nI\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc ayn\u0131 g\u00fc\u00e7te ayd\u0131nlatmaz. \u00c7ok enerji harcayan lambalar yerine tasar- \nruflu lambalar kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \nEdison elektrik ampul\u00fcn\u00fc yapan ki\u015fi olarak biliniyor. Bunun d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda 1200 bulu\u015fa imza \natt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 pek az ki\u015fi bilir. Edison bulu\u015f\u00e7ular\u0131n en \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkanlar\u0131ndan biriydi ve ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \nbi\u00e7imlendirilmesine \u00f6nemli katk\u0131lar\u0131 oldu. K\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck ya\u015flar\u0131ndan beri Edison \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015fkan, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcp \ndeneyler yapmaktan usanmayan azimli biriydi. \u201cDehan\u0131n y\u00fczde 1\u2019i ilham, y\u00fczde 99\u2019u terdir.\u201d \ns\u00f6z\u00fc bug\u00fcn onun unutulmaz s\u00f6zleri aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131nda azimli biri \noldu\u011funu da elektrik ampul\u00fcn\u00fc 1001. denemede buldu\u011funda ona sorulan bir soruya verdi\u011fi \nyan\u0131t g\u00f6steriyor. \u00d6yle ki 1000 kez ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z oldu\u011funu hat\u0131rlatan bir gazeteciye Edison, \u201cHay\u0131r\u201d \ndiye yan\u0131t veriyordu, \u201cElektrik ampul\u00fc 1001 ad\u0131mda ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen bir bulu\u015ftur.\u201d \n (Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 541. Say\u0131, Syf. 34\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n153 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131 verilen metne g\u00f6re yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n Emre, ak\u015fam \u00f6devini yapmak i\u00e7in odas\u0131na gitti. Odas\u0131n\u0131n lambas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. \u00c7antas\u0131ndan \nkitaplar\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131 ve masa lambas\u0131n\u0131 a\u00e7t\u0131. Emre, sol elini kullanan bir \u00e7ocuk oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131 \nsoldan gelecek \u015fekilde ayarlad\u0131. Kitab\u0131yla aras\u0131nda 50 cm mesafe b\u0131rakarak \u00f6devini yapmaya \nba\u015flad\u0131. \u00d6devini bitirdikten sonra yatmak i\u00e7in haz\u0131rl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 tamamlad\u0131. Daha sonra masa lam- \nbas\u0131n\u0131 ve odan\u0131n lambas\u0131n\u0131 kapat\u0131p yata\u011f\u0131na ge\u00e7ti. Her ak\u015fam oldu\u011fu gibi okuma lambas\u0131n\u0131 \na\u00e7\u0131p kitab\u0131n\u0131 okuyarak uykuya dald\u0131. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \nEmre\u2019nin uygun ayd\u0131nlatma konusunda yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fru davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nEmre\u2019nin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n aile ve \u00fclke ekonomisine etkileri nelerdir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n.............................................................................................................................................................................. \nAyd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131 \nse\u00e7ilirken; ortam\u0131n \nb\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcne, \u0131\u015f\u0131k \nkayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n parlakl\u0131- \n\u011f\u0131na dikkat edilmesi \ngerekir. \nG\u00fcne\u015f\u2019e do\u011frudan bakmak g\u00f6z \nsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 bozar. \nTelevizyon izler- \nken televizyon ile \naran\u0131zdaki mesafe- \nnin uygun olmas\u0131 \ngerekir. \nYaz\u0131 yazarken sol \nelinizi kullan\u0131yor- \nsan\u0131z soldan, sa\u011f \nelinizi kullan\u0131yor- \nsan\u0131z sa\u011fdan \u0131\u015f\u0131k \ngelmelidir. \nOrtam\u0131n b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131n\u0131n parlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fc se\u00e7mede \n\u00f6nemli bir etken de\u011fildir. \nOdalar\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131k \nrenge boyanmas\u0131 \ng\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan daha \n\u00e7ok faydalanmay\u0131 \nsa\u011flar. \n2. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \nUygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n \u00fclke ekonomisine \netkisi yoktur. \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \nA \nB","154 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n 3. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: I\u015eIK K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 \n Fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131ktan \u015fikayet\u00e7i oldu\u011funuz durumlar nelerdir? \u00d6rneklerle a\u00e7\u0131klay\u0131n\u0131z. \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nSon y\u0131llarda \u00fczerinde s\u0131kl\u0131kla durulan kavramlardan biri de \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fidir. \u00c7evre kirlili\u011fi, \ninsanlar\u0131n yapay unsurlar kullanarak do\u011fal dengeyi bozmalar\u0131d\u0131r. Do\u011fal dengeyi bozan kirlilik \u00e7e\u015fit- \nlerinden biri de \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fidir. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.17. \nI\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011fi \nKaranl\u0131kta daha iyi g\u00f6rebilmek, \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmek ve daha g\u00fcvende hissedebilmek i\u00e7in bulunulan or- \ntam\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma ihtiyac\u0131 duyulmaktad\u0131r. I\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f yerde, miktarda, y\u00f6nde ve zamanda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \n\u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi \nne sebep olmaktad\u0131r. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131n\u0131zda bir\u00e7ok yerde \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine tan\u0131k olabilirsiniz. \n Kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7o\u011fu, yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131mdan kaynakl\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine neden olmaktad\u0131r. \n I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine; \n\u2022 \nyol, cadde, sokak, park, bah\u00e7e gibi a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda uygun ayd\u0131nlatma yap\u0131lmamas\u0131, \n\u2022 \nreklam panolar\u0131, \n\u2022 \nturistik tesis ve bina d\u0131\u015f cephe ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131, \n\u2022 \nbinalardan yay\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131klar, \n\u2022 \ng\u00fcvenlik amac\u0131yla yap\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatmalar sebep olmaktad\u0131r. \n Bu sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kirlili\u011fe sebep olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni, gere\u011finden fazla ayd\u0131nlatma \narac\u0131 kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 ve ayd\u0131nlatma \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne do\u011fru yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.18. \nBinalardan Yay\u0131lan Fazla I\u015f\u0131k ","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n155 \n I\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011finin Etkileri \nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n gere\u011finden fazla ve yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 elektri\u011fin fazla t\u00fcketilmesi demektir. Fazla elektrik \nt\u00fcketilmesi, bu elektri\u011fin \u00fcretilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan do\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 t\u00fcketilmesine sebep olur. \nBu durum, ekonomik ve \u00e7evresel olarak fazla t\u00fcketimden do\u011fan zarar anlam\u0131na gelir. I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finin \n\u00e7evreye olan zarar\u0131 bununla da kalmaz. \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi, g\u00f6\u00e7men ku\u015flar i\u00e7in de b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlikedir. \u00d6zellikle gece seyahat eden ku\u015flar, \ndo\u011fal \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131ndan olan tak\u0131my\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131n\u0131 y\u00f6n bulmak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131r. G\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc yapay \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131, \nku\u015flar\u0131n y\u00f6n bulmas\u0131n\u0131 zorla\u015ft\u0131rarak yorulup d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceye kadar u\u00e7malar\u0131na neden olur. S\u00fcr\u00fc h\u00e2linde \nu\u00e7an ku\u015flar i\u00e7in bu durum binlerce ku\u015fun zarar g\u00f6rmesi anlam\u0131na gelir. \nDeniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n sahillere b\u0131rakt\u0131klar\u0131 yumurtalardan \u00e7\u0131kan yavrular, denize ula\u015fmak \ni\u00e7in deniz ile kara aras\u0131ndaki ayd\u0131nl\u0131k fark\u0131n\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar. Kaplumba\u011falar, sahillerdeki \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi y\u00fc- \nz\u00fcnden deniz yerine yapay \u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131rmalara y\u00f6nelerek zarar g\u00f6rmektedir. \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi su alt\u0131ndaki ya\u015fam\u0131 da olumsuz etkilemektedir. Yo\u011fun \u0131\u015f\u0131k, \u00f6zellikle alabal\u0131klar\u0131n yu- \nmurtlama d\u00f6neminin ve yumurta kalitesinin de\u011fi\u015fmesine neden olarak nesillerinin devam\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye \nsokmaktad\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.19. \nDeniz Kaplumba\u011fas\u0131 Yavrular\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 5.20. \nG\u00f6zlem Evi \nBulundu\u011funuz b\u00f6lgede gece g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyebiliyorsan\u0131z \u015fansl\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z \ndemektir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finin do\u011fal ya\u015fama etkilerinin yan\u0131nda, g\u00f6k cisimlerinin g\u00f6zlemlenmesine \nde olumsuz etkisi bulunmaktad\u0131r.","156 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nG\u00f6rsel 5.21. \nT\u00fcrkiye\u2019nin Uzaydan Gece G\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fc \nYap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rmalarda \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n az kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6zle g\u00f6r\u00fclen g\u00f6k cismi say\u0131s\u0131 \u00e7ok \nfazla iken, a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f bir kent merkezinde bu say\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ok daha az oldu\u011fu sonucuna ula\u015f\u0131l- \nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu nedenle; g\u00f6k cisimlerinin g\u00f6zlemlendi\u011fi g\u00f6zlemevleri genellikle \u015fehirden uzak, \u0131\u015f\u0131k ve hava \nkirlili\u011finin nispeten daha az oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde kurulur. \nI\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011fini Azaltmaya Y\u00f6nelik \u00d6nlemler \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ciddi bir kirlilik sorunudur. Peki bu kirlili\u011fi \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in neler yap\u0131labilir? \nG\u00f6rselde, \u00fclkemizin gece uzaydan \u00e7ekilmi\u015f bir foto\u011fraf\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. Foto\u011frafta \u00fclkemizde \n\u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine etkisi fazla olan b\u00f6lgeler g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmektedir. I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finin ortaya \u00e7\u0131kma nedenlerinin \nba\u015f\u0131nda n\u00fcfus yo\u011funlu\u011fu gelir. N\u00fcfusun fazla oldu\u011fu b\u00f6lgelerde daha fazla \u0131\u015f\u0131k kullanma ihtiyac\u0131 \ndo\u011far. Bu durum da \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine sebep olur. O h\u00e2lde, ya\u015fam alanlar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatma \nara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6zden ge\u00e7irerek \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini en aza indirmek gerekir. \n I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi, insan kaynakl\u0131d\u0131r ve gerekli \u00f6nlemler al\u0131narak azalt\u0131labilir. \n Bu \u00f6nlemler \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 \nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne y\u00f6nlenmesi \u00f6nlenerek ihtiya\u00e7 duyulan alana y\u00f6nlenmesi sa\u011flanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nDaha az enerjiyle daha fazla ayd\u0131nlatma sa\u011flayan tasarruflu ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 tercih \nedilmelidir. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6zellikle gece ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131nda g\u00fcn \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve harekete duyarl\u0131, zaman ayarl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma \nara\u00e7lar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nEn \u00f6nemlisi de gereksiz ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n hem \u00e7evreye hem de ekonomiye verdi\u011fi zararlar \nkonusunda bilin\u00e7lendirme \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n Bu \u00f6nlemlerle ihtiya\u00e7 fazlas\u0131 kullan\u0131m\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilerek hem \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi azalt\u0131l\u0131r hem de \ntasarruflu kullanma bilinci olu\u015fturularak \u00fclke ekonomisine katk\u0131 sa\u011flan\u0131r. \nDaha \u00e7ok \netkinlik i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n157 \nUygun Ayd\u0131nlatma m\u0131, I\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011fi mi? \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerden \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine neden olanlar\u0131n numaralar\u0131n\u0131 tabloda bulunan \u201cI\u015f\u0131k Kirli- \nli\u011fi\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne, uygun ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131n numaralar\u0131n\u0131 ise \u201cUygun Ayd\u0131nlatma\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \n1 \nParklarda ve bah\u00e7elerde kullan\u0131lan g\u00f6rsel ayd\u0131nlatmalar \n2 \nAmeliyathane ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 \n3 \nD\u0131\u015f cephe bina ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 \n4 \nLazerli \u0131\u015f\u0131k g\u00f6sterileri \n5 \nTrafik lambalar\u0131 \n6 \nTuristik alanlardaki kafe ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131 \nI\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011fi \nUygun Ayd\u0131nlatma \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine sebep oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcz ba\u015fka hangi uygulamalar bulunmaktad\u0131r? Yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................................. \n............................................................................................................................................................................................. \n............................................................................................................................................................................................. \n......................................................................... \n......................................................................... \n Sergilenen eserlerin iyi g\u00f6r\u00fclebilmesi i\u00e7in uygun bir ayd\u0131nlatmaya ihtiya\u00e7 var. Ancak ayd\u0131nlat- \nmada kullan\u0131lan \u0131\u015f\u0131k \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc oldu\u011funda sanat eserlerinin y\u0131pranmas\u0131na, renklerinin solmas\u0131na \nve \u0131s\u0131n\u0131p kuruyarak k\u0131r\u0131lganla\u015fmas\u0131na neden olabilir. Bunun i\u00e7in sanat eserlerinin bulundu\u011fu or- \ntamlarda \u0131\u015f\u0131k miktar\u0131 iyi ayarlanmal\u0131d\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frudan eserin \u00fczerine d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmemesine \nde dikkat edilmesi gerekir. Tam da bu nedenle m\u00fczelerde foto\u011fraf \u00e7ekerken fla\u015f kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \nyasakt\u0131r, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc fla\u015flar bir anl\u0131\u011f\u0131na da olsa \u00e7ok g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir \u0131\u015f\u0131k yayar. \n (Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 220. Say\u0131, Syf. 10\u2019dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI","158 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nI\u015f\u0131k Kirlili\u011fini Nas\u0131l Azaltabilirim? \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme \nb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcmler \u00fcretmek. \n\u2022 \nEn az \u00fc\u00e7er ki\u015filik gruplar olu\u015fturunuz. \n\u2022 \nI\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda evinizde, soka\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda, okulunuzda g\u00f6zlemler yap\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nI\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131ndan hangilerinin \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine sebep oldu\u011funu belirleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nBu kirlili\u011fi azaltmaya y\u00f6nelik yap\u0131labilecek uygulamalara karar veriniz. \n\u2022 \nDergi ve gazetelerden \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini anlatan resimleri bulup keserek fon kartonuna yap\u0131\u015f- \nt\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nBelirledi\u011finiz uygulamalara birer slogan bularak ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131zla birlikte postere \nyaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nHaz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z posteri s\u0131n\u0131fta arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131za sununuz. \nHer bir grup i\u00e7in 1 adet fon kartonu \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini anlatan resimler \nFarkl\u0131 renklerde boya kalemleri \n1 adet makas \n1 adet yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \n1. \nBuldu\u011funuz \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri ba\u015fka nerelerde uygulanabilir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n2. \n Bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerini daha fazla ki\u015fiye ula\u015ft\u0131rmak i\u00e7in neler yap\u0131labilir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n3. \n \u00dclkemizde \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi konusunda ba\u015fka hangi alanlarda sorunlar ya\u015fanmaktad\u0131r? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. ","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n159 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi nedir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nOkullarda \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in hangi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finden en \u00e7ok hangi hayvanlar etkilenmektedir? \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nDo\u011fru yerde, miktarda, y\u00f6nde ve zamanda \u0131\u015f\u0131k \nkullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine sebep olur. \nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n gere\u011finden fazla ve yanl\u0131\u015f \nkullan\u0131lmas\u0131 elektrik faturas\u0131n\u0131n fazla \ngelmesine sebep olur. \nDeniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n yavrular\u0131 \nsahillerdeki yapay \u0131\u015f\u0131kland\u0131rmalardan \nolumsuz etkilenir. \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fini \n\u00f6nleyebilmek i\u00e7in \nparlakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 fazla \nayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \ntercih edilmelidir. \nG\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6zlemle- \nri i\u00e7in ayd\u0131nlatma- \nlar\u0131n fazla oldu\u011fu \nalanlara \ng\u00f6zlemevleri \nkurulur. \nD\u0131\u015f ayd\u0131nlatmalar- \nda \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n do\u011frudan \ng\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne verilmesi \n\u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fine sebep \nolur. \nYo\u011fun \u0131\u015f\u0131k, bal\u0131k- \nlarda yumurtlama \nd\u00f6nemini ve yu- \nmurtan\u0131n kalitesini \nde\u011fi\u015ftirebilmektedir. \n3. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \nA \nB","160 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n 4. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: GE\u00c7M\u0130\u015eTEN G\u00dcN\u00dcM\u00dcZE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n 23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve \u00c7ocuk Bayram\u0131 program\u0131nda sunum yaparken arkada\u015f- \nlar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n sizi daha iyi duyabilmesi i\u00e7in ne t\u00fcr teknolojik ara\u00e7lardan yararlan\u0131rs\u0131n\u0131z? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nSabah \u00f6ten horozun, baharda ya\u011fan ya\u011fmurun, oyun oynarken arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n, trafikte \nara\u00e7lar\u0131n, konserde m\u00fczik aletlerinin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sesleri d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz. Kula\u011f\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n i\u015fitti\u011fi pek \u00e7ok do\u011fal ve \nyapay ses kayna\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.22. \nDo\u011fal ve Yapay Ses Kaynaklar\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 5.23. \nSes Teknolojisi \u00dcr\u00fcn \u00d6rnekleri \n\u0130nsanlar; g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131nda ileti\u015fim kurmak, bir bilgiyi ve d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi aktarmak, acil ve \u00f6nemli \ndurumlar\u0131 duyurmak, \u00e7evresi hakk\u0131nda bilgiye ula\u015fmak i\u00e7in do\u011fal ve yapay ses kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 \nduyar. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc ses, sosyal hayat\u0131n vazge\u00e7ilmez bir ileti\u015fim yoludur. Sesin d\u00fczeyi, ileti\u015fimin kalitesini \netkiler. \nS\u0131n\u0131fta, haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z bir \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmay\u0131 \u00f6\u011fretmeninize ve arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131za sunarken normal ses \ntonunda konu\u015fman\u0131z yeterlidir. Mill\u00ee bayramlarda \u015fiir okurken, sesinizi t\u00fcm okula duyurmak i\u00e7in ses \nd\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftiren teknolojilere ihtiya\u00e7 duyars\u0131n\u0131z; aksi takdirde sesiniz dinleyicilere ula\u015fmaz. \nR\u00f6portaj yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z ki\u015finin sesini izin ald\u0131ktan sonra ses kay\u0131t cihaz\u0131 ile kaydederek r\u00f6portaj\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \neksiksiz tamamlayabilirsiniz. Proje sunumunuzda konuyla ilgili \u00f6nceden kaydedilmi\u015f \u00e7e\u015fitli sesler ve \nm\u00fczikler kullanmak sunumunuzu renklendirir ve dinleyicilerin ilgisini \u00e7eker. \nMikrofon \nSes Kay\u0131t Cihaz\u0131","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n161 \nKayna\u011f\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a sesin \u015fiddeti azal\u0131r. A\u00e7\u0131k havada sesin \u015fiddetini artt\u0131rmak ve uzak \nmesafelere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in geli\u015ftirilen teknolojik ara\u00e7lardan biri, \nmegafon \ndur. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \ntrafi\u011fi d\u00fczenlemek i\u00e7in trafik polisleri, pazarda m\u00fc\u015fterilere \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131tmak i\u00e7in sat\u0131c\u0131lar, camiden \nezan sesini duyurmak i\u00e7in m\u00fcezzinler taraf\u0131ndan kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. \nSesin \u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarayan teknolojik ara\u00e7lardan biri de \nmikrofon \ndur. Mikrofon, ba\u011fl\u0131 \noldu\u011fu \nhoparl\u00f6r \n ile sesin \u015fiddetinin artmas\u0131n\u0131 ve uzak mesafelere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu ara\u00e7lar \nkonserlerde, a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131\u015flarda, topluluklara yap\u0131lan sunumlarda, okul t\u00f6renlerinde kullan\u0131lan ses teknolojisi \nara\u00e7lar\u0131ndand\u0131r. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131m\u0131 ve ta\u015f\u0131nmas\u0131 daha kolay olan kablosuz mikrofonlar \u00fcretil- \nmektedir. \n\u0130\u015fitme cihaz\u0131 \n, \u00e7e\u015fitli sebeplerle i\u015fitme problemi ya\u015fayan bireyler i\u00e7in \u00fcretilen teknolojik \u00fcr\u00fcn- \nlerden biridir. \u0130\u015fitme cihazlar\u0131, pille \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ve sesin \u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftiren cihazlard\u0131r. \u0130\u00e7erisinde yer \nalan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir mikrofon, sesi ses dalgalar\u0131 olarak al\u0131r. Ses dalgalar\u0131 daha sonra elektrik sinyallerine \nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcr ve \u00e7evredeki seslerin i\u015fitilmesi sa\u011flan\u0131r. \nStetoskop \n, doktorlar taraf\u0131ndan kalp ve akci\u011fer ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere v\u00fccutta \u00fcretilen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u015fid- \ndetteki seslerin i\u015fitilebilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. Stetoskop, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \u015fiddetteki sesin \u015fiddetini artt\u0131ran ve sa\u011fl\u0131k \nhizmetlerinde kullan\u0131lan bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. \nUltrason cihaz\u0131 \n, sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu\u015flar\u0131nda kullan\u0131lan \u00f6nemli ses teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biridir. Ku- \nla\u011f\u0131n i\u015fitemeyece\u011fi kadar y\u00fcksek \u015fiddetteki sesleri v\u00fccuda g\u00f6ndererek i\u00e7 organlar\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fclenmesini \nve organlardaki hastal\u0131klar\u0131n tespit edilmesini sa\u011flar. \n\u0130nsan kula\u011f\u0131, ses kaynaklar\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan belirli \u015fiddetteki sesleri duyabilir. Bir sesi fazla ya da \naz duymam\u0131z\u0131 \nsesin \u015fiddeti \n belirler. D\u00fc\u015f\u00fck ya da y\u00fcksek \u015fiddetteki sesleri duyabilmek i\u00e7in ses d\u00fcze- \nyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarayan teknolojilere ihtiya\u00e7 duyar\u0131z. G\u00fcnl\u00fck hayat\u0131m\u0131zdaki daha pek \u00e7ok kolayl\u0131\u011f\u0131; \nses d\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye, i\u015fitme yetimizi geli\u015ftirmeye y\u00f6nelik teknolojilere ve ses kay\u0131t teknolojilerine \nbor\u00e7luyuz. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.24. \nSes D\u00fczeyini De\u011fi\u015ftirmeye Yarayan Teknolojiler \nG\u00f6rsel 5.25. \nSa\u011fl\u0131k Alan\u0131nda Kullan\u0131lan Ses Teknolojisi \u00dcr\u00fcnleri \nMegafon \n\u0130\u015fitme Cihaz\u0131 \nMikrofon \nStetoskop \nHoparl\u00f6r \nUltrason Cihaz\u0131","162 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nHoparl\u00f6r Yap\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da verilen malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme \nb\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Ses d\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarayan ara\u00e7lar\u0131 tan\u0131mak. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011fretmeninizden yard\u0131m alarak karton bardaklar\u0131n yanlar\u0131na maket b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ile rulonun \nu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n girece\u011fi b\u00fcy\u00fckl\u00fckte birer delik a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011fretmeninizin yard\u0131m\u0131 ile k\u00e2\u011f\u0131t rulonun ortas\u0131na maket b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 ve cetvel yard\u0131m\u0131yla cep \ntelefonunun eni kadar bir delik a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nTuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 rulosununun iki yan\u0131n\u0131 karton bardaklarda a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z deli\u011fe yerle\u015ftiriniz. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6\u011fretmeninizin cep telefonunu, hoparl\u00f6r k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u00e7inde kalacak \u015fekilde rulonun ortas\u0131nda \na\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z deli\u011fe yerle\u015ftiriniz. \n\u2022 \n23 Nisan Ulusal Egemenlik ve \u00c7ocuk Bayram\u0131 g\u00f6sterisinde kullanaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z mar\u015f m\u00fczikle- \nrinden birini cep telefonundan a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \nA\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z m\u00fczi\u011fi \u00f6nce cep telefonundan dinleyiniz sonra da yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hoparl\u00f6r\u00fc kullanarak \ntekrar dinleyiniz. \n2 adet karton bardak \n1 adet tuvalet k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 rulosu \n1 adet maket b\u0131\u00e7a\u011f\u0131 \n1 adet cetvel \n1 adet cep telefonu veya ses kayna\u011f\u0131 \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \n1. \n Mar\u015f sesinin yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z hoparl\u00f6r\u00fc kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda daha y\u00fcksek \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131n\u0131n nedeni ne olabilir? \n .......................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n2. \n Ses \u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarayan ara\u00e7lar\u0131n g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatta kullan\u0131m\u0131na \u00f6rnekler veriniz. \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... \n .......................................................................................................................................................................................... \n ........................................................................................................................................................................................... ","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n163 \nM\u00fczik dinlemeyi sever misiniz? M\u00fczik dinlemek i\u00e7in kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z teknolojik ara\u00e7lar nelerdir? \nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde ses teknolojisinin ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 seviye sayesinde kaydetti\u011finiz m\u00fczikleri cep telefonlar\u0131 ve \nbilgisayarlar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla rahat\u00e7a dinleyebilirsiniz. M\u00fczik teknolojisi, ses kay\u0131t teknolojisiyle birlikte \ngeli\u015fmi\u015ftir. \nSesin kaydedilmesini sa\u011flayan ilk icat, Thomas Edison (Tam\u0131s Edis\u0131n)\u2019a aittir. Thomas Edison \nsesin kaydedilmesini ve kaydedilen sesin tekrar dinlenmesini sa\u011flayan \nfonograf \n\u0131 icat etmi\u015ftir. Daha \nsonra plaklar \u00fczerine seslerin kaydedilmesi ve kaydedilen seslerin dinlenmesini sa\u011flayan \ngramofon \nicat edilmi\u015ftir. \nSes teknolojileriyle ilgili tarihteki en \u00f6nemli icatlardan biri, Alexander Graham Bell\u2019in (Aleksand\u0131r \nGraham Bel) icat etti\u011fi \ntelefon \ndur. Graham Bell, sesin titre\u015fimler h\u00e2linde teller arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla uzaklara \niletilmesini sa\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Telefonun icad\u0131ndan sonra ses teknolojilerinde yeni geli\u015fmeler olmu\u015f ve Gug- \nlielmo Marconi (Guglielmo Markoni), \ntelsiz \ni ve \nradyo \nyu icat etmi\u015ftir. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.26. \nTelefon ve Telsiz \nG\u00f6rsel 5.27. \nFonograf ve Gramofon \nEdison ve Fonograf \nGraham Bell ve \u0130lk Telefon \nMarconi ve Telsiz \nGramofon \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \n\u00dcnl\u00fc besteci Ludwing van Beethoven (Ludving fan Bethof\u0131n) \nyirmili ya\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n sonlar\u0131na do\u011fru i\u015fitme sorunlar\u0131 ya\u015famaya ba\u015f- \nlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Bu sorunlar ilerleyince neredeyse hi\u00e7bir \u015fey duyamaz h\u00e2le \ngelen Beethoven'\u0131n yeni bir y\u00f6ntem geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi s\u00f6ylenir. Beethoven, \nsesleri piyanosuna tutturdu\u011fu metal bir \u00e7ubu\u011fu \u0131s\u0131rarak kemik tit- \nre\u015fimi yoluyla duymaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yordu. Bu y\u00f6ntemde piyanoda olu\u015fan \ntitre\u015fimler, demir \u00e7ubuktan ge\u00e7erek di\u015flere ula\u015f\u0131yor ve buradan \nkafatas\u0131 arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla do\u011frudan i\u00e7 kula\u011fa iletiliyordu. G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde \nde i\u015fitme engellilerin kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir\u00e7ok cihazda bu prensip temel \nal\u0131n\u0131r. \n(Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 250. Say\u0131, Syf. 20\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.)","164 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nNeden Kullan\u0131r\u0131z? \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ses teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve bu ara\u00e7lar\u0131n kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131 verilmi\u015ftir. \u201ca\u201d b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn- \ndeki gibi ses teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 alanlara kullan\u0131m ama\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 ve g\u00fcnl\u00fck \nhayatta kullan\u0131mlar\u0131 ile ilgili \u00f6rnekleri yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nSes kay\u0131t teknolojilerinde zamanla \nplak \n ve \ngramofon \nun yerini \nkaset \n ve \nkaset\u00e7alar \n alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nVideo kamera \nn\u0131n icad\u0131 ile ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc ayn\u0131 anda kaydedilebilmi\u015ftir. \nYo\u011fun disk \n (CD-DVD vs.) \nve \nta\u015f\u0131nabilir bellek \nlerin icad\u0131 ile de daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alanlarda daha fazla ses ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fc depolanabil- \nmi\u015ftir. \nG\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde bilgisayar arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla \u00e7e\u015fitli \ndijital i\u00e7erik \u00fcretme ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \n kullan\u0131lmakta ve sesli \nkitaplar, dergiler, bro\u015f\u00fcrler ses kay\u0131t teknolojileri sayesinde haz\u0131rlanabilmektedir. \nG\u00f6rsel 5.28. \nSes Kay\u0131t Teknolojisi \u00d6rnekleri \nKaset ve Kaset\u00e7alar \nYo\u011fun Disk \nTa\u015f\u0131nabilir Bellek \n \u0130\u015fitme yetimizi \ngeli\u015ftirmeye yarar. \nSes \u015fiddetini \nde\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarar. \nSesi kaydetmeye yarar. \na. \nb. \nc. \n\u00e7. \nAma\u00e7: \n Sesi kaydetmeye yarar. \n\u00d6rnek: \n R\u00f6portaj s\u0131ras\u0131nda ses kaydetmeye yarar. \nAma\u00e7: \n\u00d6rnek: \n............................................................................................................. \n............................................................................................................ \nAma\u00e7: \n\u00d6rnek: \n............................................................................................................. \n............................................................................................................ \nAma\u00e7: \n\u00d6rnek: \n.............................................................................................................. \n..............................................................................................................","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n165 \nFEN, M\u00dcHEND\u0130SL\u0130K VE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e\u0130MC\u0130L\u0130K UYGULAMALARI \n\u015eiddetli sese sahip teknolojik ara\u00e7lar\u0131n olumlu ve olumsuz etkilerini ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da \nverilen alana ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 \u00f6rnekteki gibi grupland\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u015eiddetli Sese Sahip Teknolojik \nAra\u00e7lar\u0131n Olumlu Etkileri \nAl\u0131nacak \u00d6nlemler \n\u015eiddetli Sese Sahip Teknolojik \nAra\u00e7lar\u0131n Olumsuz Etkileri \n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00d6nerileri \n\u2022 \nMikrofon, hoparl\u00f6r arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 ile sesin \n\u015fiddetini y\u00fckselterek sesin uzak mesafe- \nlere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. \n\u2022 \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n........................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n........................................................................... \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n........................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n........................................................................... \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n.......................................................................... \n.......................................................................... \n......................................................................... \n\u2022 \n\u015eenlik alanlar\u0131nda hoparl\u00f6r\u00fcn yan\u0131nda \nuzun s\u00fcre durmak duyma yetisini olum- \nsuz etkiler, i\u015fitme kayb\u0131na sebep olabilir. \n\u2022 \n............................................................................... \n............................................................................... \n............................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................... \n............................................................................... \n............................................................................... \nAra\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla tart\u0131\u015farak bu konuda al\u0131nacak \u00f6nlemler ve \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \n\u00f6nerilerinizi listeleyiniz. \nElde etti\u011finiz verileri sayfa 14-17\u2019deki fen, m\u00fchendislik ve giri\u015fimcilik uygulama basa- \nmaklar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak bir kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcz. Haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla \npayla\u015f\u0131p y\u0131l sonu bilim \u015fenli\u011finde sergileyiniz. \n* \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fcn\u00fcz\u00fc s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fclebilirlik kapsam\u0131nda bas\u0131l\u0131 kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011fa d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrmek yerine dijital \nolarak tasarlayabilirsiniz. \u00d6\u011fretmeniniz rehberli\u011finde dijital i\u00e7erik \u00fcretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndan \nyararlanarak tasarlayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131z kitap\u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131 okulunuzun internet sitesinde yay\u0131nlayabilirsiniz.","166 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da yanl\u0131\u015f \noldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki kutularda ses teknolojisi ara\u00e7lar\u0131yla ilgili \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir. Konuyla ilgili a\u015fa- \n\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131 cevaplamak i\u00e7in kutulardaki numaralar\u0131 kullan\u0131n\u0131z. Ayn\u0131 kutu numaras\u0131n\u0131 \nbirden fazla sorunun yan\u0131t\u0131 olarak yazabilirsiniz \n. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \nHangileri ses d\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye yarayan teknolojik ara\u00e7lard\u0131r? \n.................................................................................................................................................................................. \n.................................................................................................................................................................................. \nHangileri sesi kaydetmeye yarayan teknolojik ara\u00e7lard\u0131r? \n.................................................................................................................................................................................. \n.................................................................................................................................................................................. \nSadece canl\u0131 varl\u0131klar ses \u00fcretebilir. \n\u0130nsanlar ileti\u015fim kurmak i\u00e7in do\u011fal ve \nyapay ses kaynaklar\u0131na ihtiya\u00e7 duyar. \n\u0130nsan kula\u011f\u0131 ses kaynaklar\u0131ndan \n\u00e7\u0131kan t\u00fcm sesleri duyabilir. \nAlexander Graham \nBell telefonu icat \netmi\u015ftir. \nStetoskop, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \n\u015fiddetteki sesin \n\u015fiddetini artt\u0131ran \nbir cihazd\u0131r. \nMegafon, sesin \n\u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek \ni\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir \ncihazd\u0131r. \nHoparl\u00f6r, ses \nd\u00fczeyini de\u011fi\u015ftirmek \ni\u00e7in kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \n4. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nD \nD \nD \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \nY \nY \nY \n1. Ultrason Cihaz\u0131 \n2. Megafon \n3. Gramofon \n4. Stetoskop \n5. Yo\u011fun Disk (CD) 6. \u0130\u015fitme Cihaz\u0131 \n7. Kaset \n8. Hoparl\u00f6r \nB \nA","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n167 \n 5. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: SES K\u0130RL\u0130L\u0130\u011e\u0130 \n G\u00fcn i\u00e7erisinde duydu\u011funuz \u00e7ocuk, ku\u015f, su, trafik sesi gibi seslerden hangileri sizi rahats\u0131z \neder; hangileri size huzur verir? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nG\u00f6rsel 5.29. \nMatkap ve Ses Kirlili\u011fi \nSes kirlili\u011finin ba\u015fl\u0131ca sebepleri \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 \nH\u0131zl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcyen \u015fehirle\u015fme ve sanayile\u015fmenin neden oldu\u011fu plans\u0131z kentle\u015fme, \n\u2022 \nH\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ile birlikte deniz, kara ve hava yolu trafik yo\u011funlu\u011funun artmas\u0131, \n\u2022 \nOkul, pazar yeri, toplu etkinlik alanlar\u0131, toplu ula\u015f\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131 gibi kalabal\u0131k ortamlarda y\u00fcksek \nsesle konu\u015fulmas\u0131, \n\u2022 \nEv ve i\u015f yerlerindeki elektronik aletlerin yo\u011fun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \n\u2022 \n\u0130\u015f makinelerinin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 sesler, \n\u2022 \n\u015eiddetli sese sahip teknolojik ara\u00e7lar\u0131n yo\u011fun kullan\u0131lmas\u0131. \nCanl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyen, i\u015f verimlili\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren, \u00e7evrenin do\u011fal dengesine zarar \nveren, canl\u0131n\u0131n psikolojik ve fiziksel dengesini bozan seslere \ng\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \n ya da \nses kirlili\u011fi \n denir. Ses \nkirlili\u011fi g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn \u00f6nemli \u00e7evre sorunlar\u0131ndan biridir. \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Sinema salonlar\u0131, ses kay\u0131t st\u00fcdyolar\u0131 gibi sesin y\u00fcksek kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 mekanlarda ses kirlili\u011fini \n\u00f6nlemek i\u00e7in ne gibi \u00f6nlemler al\u0131nmal\u0131d\u0131r? Ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla \npayla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.","168 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nG\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ve Sessiz Ortamlar \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u015fekilde g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ve sessiz ortamlar verilmi\u015ftir. G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ortamlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu \nalanlar\u0131 k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya, sessiz ortamlar\u0131n bulundu\u011fu alanlar\u0131 maviye boyay\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131 yan\u0131tlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \nK\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131ya boyad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alanlarda g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n2. \nMaviye boyad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z alanlarda g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc olmamas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \n............................................................................................................................................................................... \nM \u00dc Z E L E R \nO T O G A R L A R \nY A L I \nT I \nM L I \nB \u0130 \nN A L A R \nK O N S E R L E R \nF A B R \u0130 \nK A L A R \nH A V A A L A N L A R I \nC A M \u0130 \nL E R \nH A S T A N E L E R \nM \u00dc Z E L E R \nO T O G A R L A R \nY A L I \nT I \nM L I \nB \u0130 \nN A L A R \nK O N S E R L E R \nF A B R \u0130 \nK A L A R \nH A V A A L A N L A R I \nC A M \u0130 \nL E R \nH A S T A N E L E R","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n169 \nS \nes Kirlili\u011finin \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve \u00c7evre \u00dczerindeki Olumsuz Etkileri \nSes kirlili\u011finin insanlar ve hayvanlar \u00fczerinde bir\u00e7ok olumsuz etkisi vard\u0131r. Bu etkileri \u015fu \u015fekil- \nde s\u0131ralayabiliriz: \nG\u00f6rsel 5.30. \nSes Kirlili\u011finin \u0130nsan Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na Olumsuz Etkileri \nG\u00f6rsel 5.31. \nSes Kirlili\u011finin \u00c7evreye Olumsuz Etkileri \n\u2022 \nUzun s\u00fcre g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcye maruz kal\u0131nmas\u0131 ge\u00e7ici veya kal\u0131c\u0131 i\u015fitme kayb\u0131na sebep olabilir. \n\u2022 \nG\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc; strese, tedirginli\u011fe, korkuya, sinirlili\u011fe, dikkat da\u011f\u0131n\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131na ve gerginli\u011fe sebep \nolabilir. \n\u2022 \nNab\u0131zda art\u0131\u015f, tansiyonda dengesizlik, solunum h\u0131z\u0131nda ve metabolizmada d\u00fczensizlik, g\u00f6rme \nbozukluklar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \n\u2022 \nSes kirlili\u011fi nedeniyle kendilerini yapt\u0131klar\u0131 i\u015fe veremeyen \u00e7al\u0131\u015fanlar\u0131n i\u015f verimleri d\u00fc\u015febilir. \n\u2022 \n\u015eiddetli sese maruz kalan bireylerde y\u00fcksek sesle konu\u015fma al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ba\u015flayabilir. \n\u2022 \n\u00c7ok \u015fiddetli ses \u00e7\u0131karan hava ula\u015f\u0131m ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yerlerinin yak\u0131n\u0131ndan ge\u00e7mesi sadece \ncanl\u0131larda de\u011fil binalarda da hasara yol a\u00e7abilir. \n\u2022 \nHavai fi\u015fe\u011fin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 patlama sesi, ku\u015flar\u0131n zarar g\u00f6rmesine sebep olabilir. \n Ses kirlili\u011finin olumsuz etkilerini azaltmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemlerle sa\u011fl\u0131k y\u00f6n\u00fcnden olu\u015fabile- \ncek olumsuz etkiler ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olur. Bu \u00f6nlemlerin ba\u015fl\u0131calar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 \nTeknolojik aletleri ve makineleri g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc seviyesinin d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmas\u0131na dikkat ederek tasarla- \nmak. \n\u2022 \nMotorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n egzozlar\u0131nda kanunen belirtilen \u00f6zelliklerde susturucular kullanmak. \n\u2022 \nG\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc \u00e7\u0131karan fabrika, at\u00f6lye gibi i\u015f yerlerini \u015fehir d\u0131\u015f\u0131na ta\u015f\u0131mak ya da in\u015fa etmek. \n\u2022 \nEv, i\u015f yeri, okul ve e\u011flence yerlerinde ses yal\u0131t\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak. \n\u2022 \nMotorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlarda gereksiz korna sesini engellemek. \n\u2022 \n\u015eehir i\u00e7i trafi\u011fini d\u00fczenleyici \u00f6nlemler almak. \n\u2022 \n\u00d6zellikle yol kenarlar\u0131n\u0131 a\u011fa\u00e7land\u0131rmak.","170 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nUYGULAYALIM \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Ses kirlili\u011finin olumsuz etkilerini azaltabilecek \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri sunmak. \nOkul G\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc Azaltacak \u00d6nlemler \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1 adet A4 k\u00e2\u011f\u0131d\u0131 \nKalemler \n\u2022 \nOkulunuzda ses kirlili\u011fine neden olan unsurlar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemleyiniz ve listeleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nBelirledi\u011finiz nedenlerin kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131na uygulanabilir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinizi yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinizden yola \u00e7\u0131karak s\u0131n\u0131f\u00e7a okul kurallar\u0131 belirleyiniz. \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \n1. \n S\u0131n\u0131f\u00e7a belirledi\u011finiz okul kurallar\u0131ndan \u00fc\u00e7 tanesini yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n......................................................................................................................................................................... \n......................................................................................................................................................................... \n......................................................................................................................................................................... \n2. \n Belirledi\u011finiz bu kurallar\u0131n duyurusunu t\u00fcm okula nas\u0131l yapard\u0131n\u0131z? \n ........................................................................................................................................................................ \n ........................................................................................................................................................................ \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \n Bir grup ku\u015f bilimci kara yollar\u0131na yak\u0131n yerlerde ya\u015fayan \n\u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fc ku\u015flarla ilgili bir ara\u015ft\u0131rma yapt\u0131. Yap\u0131lan ara\u015ft\u0131rma, kentlerde \nen s\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclen \u00f6t\u00fcc\u00fc ku\u015flardan olan b\u00fcy\u00fck ba\u015ftankaralar\u0131n uyar\u0131 \n\u00f6t\u00fc\u015flerinin, trafik g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc nedeniyle di\u011fer ku\u015flar taraf\u0131ndan bazen \nduyulamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6sterdi. Uyar\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fc\u015fleri ku\u015flar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcr- \nd\u00fcrmeleri a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r. Uyar\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fc\u015flerini duymamak \nku\u015flar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 tehlikeye sokabilir. Ara\u015ft\u0131rmada trafik g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcs\u00fc- \nn\u00fcn azald\u0131\u011f\u0131 zamanlarda ku\u015flar\u0131n uyar\u0131 \u00f6t\u00fc\u015flerini duyabildi\u011fi de \ng\u00f6zlemlendi. \n (Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 228. Say\u0131, Syf. 7\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n171 \nSes Kirlili\u011fini Azaltmaya Y\u00f6nelik \u00c7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00d6nerileri \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rsellerde ses kirlili\u011finin olabilece\u011fi ortamlar verilmi\u015ftir. G\u00f6rsellerdeki ortamlarda \nolu\u015fabilecek ses kirlili\u011fini \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinizi \u00f6rnekteki gibi noktal\u0131 alanlara \nyaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \nG\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ba\u015fka ortamlar i\u00e7in \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerilerinizi a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n............................................................................................................................................................................................ \n\u00d6rnek: \n\u2022 \nSessiz konu\u015fmak. \n\u2022 \nCep telefonu gibi elektronik ara\u00e7lar\u0131n y\u00fcksek sesle kulla- \nn\u0131lmamas\u0131. \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n.................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n..................................................................................................................... \n.................................................................................................................... \nToplu Ta\u015f\u0131ma \nPazar Yeri \nS\u0131n\u0131f Ortam\u0131","172 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alanlara yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \n Ses kirlili\u011finin ba\u015fl\u0131ca nedenleri nelerdir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n2. \n Ses kirlili\u011finin insan sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na olumsuz etkileri nelerdir? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n ................................................................................................................................................................................ \n5. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nA \nB \nSes kirlili\u011fi, canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz y\u00f6nde \netkileyen bir \u00e7evre sorunudur. \nAni olu\u015fan g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fc insanlarda korkuya \nve gerginli\u011fe sebep olabilir. \nSes kirlili\u011fi canl\u0131larda stresin en \u00f6nemli \nnedenlerinden biridir. \nSes kirlili\u011fi \nbireylerin i\u015f \nverimlili\u011fini \netkiler. \nBina yap\u0131m\u0131nda \nkullan\u0131lan yal\u0131t\u0131m \nmalzemeleri ses \nkirlili\u011fini azaltmaya \ny\u00f6neliktir. \nSes kirlili\u011fi i\u015fitme \nduyusu \u00fczerinde \nsadece ge\u00e7ici olarak \ni\u015fitme bozukluklar\u0131- \nna sebep olabilir. \nHavai fi\u015fek sesi \ncanl\u0131lara zarar \nverir. \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n173 \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bulmacay\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n1. \nOrtam\u0131 yeteri kadar ayd\u0131nlatan, olabildi\u011fince az enerji t\u00fcketen ve g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koru- \nyacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatmaya denir. \n2. \nDoktorlar taraf\u0131ndan akci\u011ferler ve kalp ba\u015fta olmak \u00fczere v\u00fccutta \u00fcretilen d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck \n\u015fiddetteki seslerin i\u015fitilebilmesi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan teknolojik bir ara\u00e7t\u0131r. \n3. \n\u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7am a\u011fac\u0131 re\u00e7inesini bir sopan\u0131n ucuna s\u00fcrerek \u00fcretti\u011fi ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131d\u0131r. \n4. \nTa\u015f ve kilden yap\u0131lan kaplar\u0131n i\u00e7lerine hayvansal veya bitkisel ya\u011flar\u0131n koyulmas\u0131yla \n\u00fcretilen ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131d\u0131r. \n5. \nBa\u011fl\u0131 oldu\u011fu hoparl\u00f6r ile sesin \u015fiddetinin artmas\u0131n\u0131 ve sesin uzak mesafelere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 \nsa\u011flayan teknolojik ara\u00e7lardan biridir. \n6. \nDo\u011fal dengeyi bozan kirlilik \u00e7e\u015fitlerindendir. \n7. \nThomas Edison\u2019\u0131n icad\u0131 olan, sesin kaydedilmesini ve kaydedilen sesin tekrar dinlenmesini \nsa\u011flayan ses kay\u0131t teknolojisi \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fcd\u00fcr. \n\u00dcN\u0130TE SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \n1 \n3 \n5 \n6 \n2 \n7 \n4 \nA","174 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadeleri dikkatlice okuyunuz. Do\u011fru ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cD\u201d, yanl\u0131\u015f ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \n\u201cY\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Yanl\u0131\u015f olan ifadelerin do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 yerlere yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. (.....) I\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi, yumurtadan \u00e7\u0131kan yavru deniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131 i\u00e7in b\u00fcy\u00fck bir tehlikedir. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \n7. 7. \n8. 8. \n9. 9. \n10. (.....) Canl\u0131 ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 olumsuz etkileyen, i\u015f verimlili\u011fini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcren, \u00e7evrenin do\u011fal dengesini \n10. \n11. 11. (.....) \u0130\u015fitme cihaz\u0131, i\u015fitme problemi ya\u015fayan bireyler i\u00e7in \u00fcretilmi\u015f bir ses teknolojisi arac\u0131d\u0131r. \n12. 12. (.....) Ders \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rken \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n geldi\u011fi y\u00f6n \u00f6nemli de\u011fildir. \n13. (.....) Motorlu ta\u015f\u0131tlar\u0131n \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 motor sesi kirlili\u011fe sebep olur. \n13. \n(.....) \u0130nsanlar, \u00e7ok eski zamanlardan beri G\u00fcne\u015f\u2019i \u0131\u015f\u0131k kayna\u011f\u0131 olarak kullanm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Kandil, gaz lambas\u0131ndan daha sonra icat edilmi\u015ftir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Bilgisayar, tablet, cep telefonu gibi cihazlar\u0131n ekran \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 g\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00e7ok \nparlak kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Kent merkezinde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilen g\u00f6k cisimleri k\u0131rsal b\u00f6lgelerde g\u00f6r\u00fclebilenlerden daha \nfazlad\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Sokak ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131nda \u0131\u015f\u0131k, g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcne do\u011fru y\u00f6neltilmelidir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Edison telsizi ve radyoyu icat etmi\u015ftir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Hoparl\u00f6r sesi kaydeden teknolojik ara\u00e7lardand\u0131r. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n(.....) Ses kayna\u011f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kan sesin g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ya da g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz olmas\u0131 sesin \u015fiddetini belirler. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \nbozan seslere ses kirlili\u011fi denir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \n................................................................................................................................................................................. \nB","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n175 \nC\u00fcmlelerdeki bo\u015fluklar\u0131, verilen kelimelerden uygun olanlar\u0131yla tamamlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \n7. 7. \n8. 8. \n9. 9. \n10. Ses kirlili\u011fi ...................................... kayb\u0131na sebep olabilir. \n10. \nThomas Edison ...................................... icat etmi\u015ftir. \nAte\u015fin ke\u015ffedilmesinden sonra ...................................... \u00fcretilmi\u015ftir. \nBulundu\u011funuz ortamlar\u0131 yeteri kadar ayd\u0131nlatan, olabildi\u011fince az enerji t\u00fcketen ve g\u00f6z \nsa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 koruyacak \u015fekilde yap\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatmaya ...................................... denir. \nI\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f yerde, miktarda, y\u00f6nde ve zamanda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131na ...................................... denir. \nGece ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131nda ...................................... duyarl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ve zamanlay\u0131c\u0131lar \nkullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \nI\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi ...................................... bozar. \nAlexandr Graham Bell ...................................... icat etmi\u015ftir. \nSesin uzak mesafelere ula\u015fmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan ...................................... sesin \u015fiddetini de\u011fi\u015ftirmeye \nyarayan teknolojik ara\u00e7lardand\u0131r. \nSes kayna\u011f\u0131ndan uzakla\u015ft\u0131k\u00e7a sesin ...................................... azal\u0131r. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli sorularda do\u011fru se\u00e7ene\u011fi i\u015faretleyiniz. \n1. 1. \nEski \u00e7a\u011flarda insanlar ayd\u0131nlatma i\u00e7in sadece g\u00fcne\u015f \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan faydalanmaktayd\u0131. Ate\u015fin \nbulunmas\u0131yla insanlar\u0131n art\u0131k geceleri de \u0131\u015f\u0131ktan faydalanmalar\u0131 sa\u011flanm\u0131\u015f oldu. Ard\u0131ndan \nme\u015faleler, kandiller, gaz lambalar\u0131 derken yeni bulu\u015flar sayesinde elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan akkor \nflamanl\u0131 lambalar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131. \u0130lerleyen teknolojiyle birlikte daha fazla alan\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatabilen \nfloresan lambalar\u0131n, sonras\u0131nda ise g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde yayg\u0131n olarak kullan\u0131lan led lambalar\u0131n \nkullan\u0131m\u0131 yayg\u0131nla\u015ft\u0131. \nBuna g\u00f6re ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131ndaki de\u011fi\u015fimle ilgili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerden hangisi s\u00f6y- \nlenemez? \nA) \u0130lk kullan\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131nda alevin \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan faydalan\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nB) Gaz lambalar\u0131ndan sonra gelen ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcretilmesi daha zordur. \nC) G\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde kullan\u0131lan ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 akkor flamanl\u0131d\u0131r. \nD) Elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ayd\u0131nlatmalar daha kapsaml\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma sa\u011flar. \ntelefonu \n\u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011fi \ni\u015fitme \nharekete \ng\u00f6z sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 \nampul\u00fc \nkaset \n\u015fiddeti \nme\u015fale \nuygun ayd\u0131nlatma \nmegafon \nC \n\u00c7","176 \n5. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n2. 2. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi di\u011ferlerinden farkl\u0131 \u00f6zellikte bir cihazd\u0131r? \n3. 3. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131da ses kirlili\u011fine neden olan \u00f6rnekler verilmi\u015ftir. \nI. Trafikte gerekti\u011finde korna kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 kazalar\u0131 engeller. \nII. \u00d6\u011frenciler g\u00fcr\u00fclt\u00fcl\u00fc ortamlarda odaklanamad\u0131klar\u0131 i\u00e7in dersi anlayamazlar. \nIII. \u015eiddetli ses, strese sebep olarak kan bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131 artt\u0131r\u0131r. \n\u0130fadelerden hangileri ses kirlili\u011finin olumsuz etkilerindendir? \nA) Yaln\u0131z I B) Yaln\u0131z II C) I ve II D) II ve III \n4. 4. \nG\u00f6rseldeki teknolojik ara\u00e7la ilgili a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi s\u00f6ylenebilir? \nA) Ta\u015f\u0131nabilir bellekler sesin \u015fiddetini artt\u0131ran cihazlard\u0131r. \nB) Gramofon, kaset\u00e7alar gibi ara\u00e7larla benzer \u00f6zellik g\u00f6stermektedir. \nC) Sesin ve g\u00f6r\u00fcnt\u00fcn\u00fcn birlikte kaydedilmesi ilk bu ara\u00e7la m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmu\u015ftur. \nD) Sesler, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck alanlarda depolanabilmektedir. \n5. 5. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi \u0131\u015f\u0131k kirlili\u011finin sebep oldu\u011fu sorunlardan de\u011fildir? \nA) Uyku d\u00fczenini bozarak insanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fma verimini d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrebilir. \nB) Do\u011fal \u0131\u015f\u0131k kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00fckenmesine sebep olur. \nC) G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6zlemlerinin yap\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilir. \nD) Deniz kaplumba\u011falar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00f6n bulmalar\u0131n\u0131 engelleyebilir. \n6. 6. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi uygun ayd\u0131nlatman\u0131n \u00f6nemli oldu\u011fu durumlar aras\u0131nda yer \nalmaz? \nA) Kitap okurken \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n gelme y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fcn ayarlanabildi\u011fi lambalar\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \nB) Araba farlar\u0131n\u0131n gece yolculu\u011funda do\u011fru ayarlanmas\u0131 \nC) Ameliyathane gibi alanlar\u0131n g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc \u0131\u015f\u0131kla ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 \nD) Binalar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f cephelerinin ve sokak lambalar\u0131n\u0131n bir\u00e7ok ampulle ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lmas\u0131 \nA) \nB) \nC) \nD) \n Kamera Ultrason Cihaz\u0131 Gramofon Yo\u011fun Disk ","AYDINLATMA VE SES TEKNOLOJ\u0130LER\u0130 \n177 \n7. 7. \nEnerji Tasarrufu Haftas\u0131\u2019nda bir proje haz\u0131rlayacak olan Mert ve arkada\u015flar\u0131 okullar\u0131nda \n\u00e7e\u015fitli ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar yapm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \nUla\u015ft\u0131klar\u0131 sonu\u00e7lara g\u00f6re \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm \u00f6nerileri haz\u0131rlayan \n\u00f6\u011frencilerin listesinde a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisinin bulunmas\u0131 uygun de\u011fildir? \nA) Okul koridorlar\u0131nda bulunan lambalar\u0131 sens\u00f6rl\u00fc olanlarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi. \nB) Okulu g\u00fczelle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in okul bah\u00e7esindeki lambalar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131. \nC) S\u0131n\u0131flarda kullan\u0131lan perdelerin a\u00e7\u0131k renkli olanlarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi. \nD) Okuldaki ampullerin tasarruflu olanlarla de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesi. \n8. 8. \nTabloda verilen ifadelerden ses kirlili\u011fine neden olanlar boyand\u0131\u011f\u0131nda hangi se\u00e7enek- \nteki \u015fekle ula\u015f\u0131l\u0131r? \n9. 9. \nMersin Bozyaz\u0131\u2019da Tar\u00e7\u0131n isimli deniz kaplumba\u011fas\u0131 120 yumurta b\u0131rakt\u0131. Bu olay civarda \noturanlar aras\u0131nda duyuldu ve yuva hayvanseverler taraf\u0131ndan koruma alt\u0131na al\u0131nd\u0131. 46 \ng\u00fcn sonra yavrular\u0131n birer iki\u015fer yuvadan \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131klar\u0131 ancak deniz yerine yak\u0131ndaki \u0131\u015f\u0131klara \ny\u00f6neldikleri g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. \nMetinde ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan soruna benzer bir durum a\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerin hangisinde verilmi\u015ftir? \nA) Sahildeki ayd\u0131nlatmalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden bal\u0131klar\u0131n yumurtlama d\u00f6ng\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn bozulmas\u0131. \nB) \u0130nsanlar\u0131n gece yolculu\u011fu yapabilmesi i\u00e7in yol kenar\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131n\u0131n kullan\u0131lmas\u0131. \nC) Fazla ayd\u0131nlat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ortamlar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden insanlarda g\u00f6z yorgunlu\u011funun olu\u015fmas\u0131. \nD) Dikey ayd\u0131nlatmalar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden g\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fc g\u00f6zlemlerinin yap\u0131lamamas\u0131. \n10. \n10. \nTabloda iki farkl\u0131 ayd\u0131nlatma arac\u0131na ait \u00f6zellikler verilmi\u015ftir. \n\u00d6zellikleri verilen ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 hangi se\u00e7enekte do\u011fru g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir? \n I \n II \nA) \nMum \nLed lamba \nB) \nFloresan lamba \nGaz lambas\u0131 \nC) \nMe\u015fale \nKandil \nD) \nHalojen lamba \nAte\u015f \nSokak ayd\u0131nlatmalar\u0131n\u0131n artt\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \n\u015eehir i\u00e7i in\u015faat \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 \n\u00c7\u00f6plerin \u00e7evreye geli\u015fig\u00fczel at\u0131lmas\u0131 \nKonser alanlar\u0131n\u0131n \u015fehir merkezine yap\u0131l- \nmas\u0131 \nI. \nII. \nUzun \u00f6m\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr. \nYa\u011f kullan\u0131l\u0131r. \nElektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. \nAlevle ayd\u0131nlat\u0131r. \nA) \nB) \nC) \nD) \nDaha fazla \nsoru i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n178 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nB\u0130L\u0130N\u00c7L\u0130 T\u00dcKET\u0130C\u0130 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nBu \u00fcnitede; \n\u2022 \nKaynaklar\u0131n tasarruflu kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini, \n\u2022 \nYeniden kullanman\u0131n \u00f6nemini, \n\u2022 \nYa\u015fam i\u00e7in gerekli olan kaynaklar\u0131n \u00f6nemini, \n\u2022 \nGeri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00f6nemini \n \u00f6\u011frenece\u011fiz. \n178","179 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \n\u2022 \nTasarruf \n\u2022 \nTutumluluk \n\u2022 \nGeri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \n\u00dcnitemizin Kavramlar\u0131 \n179 \ne-i\u00e7erik \nEBA \u00fcnite alan\u0131","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n180 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n 1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: B\u0130L\u0130N\u00c7L\u0130 T\u00dcKET\u0130C\u0130 \n Su, besin, elektrik gibi kaynaklar\u0131 tasarruflu kullanmak neden \u00f6nemlidir? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nCanl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131, canl\u0131 ve cans\u0131z varl\u0131klar\u0131n \nbir arada bulundu\u011fu ortama \n\u00e7evre \n denir. \u0130nsanlar, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in \u00e7evrede bulunan \ndo\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 kullan\u0131rlar. Ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 devam ettirebilmek i\u00e7in bu kaynaklardan olan suya ve \nbesine ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. G\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131n ayr\u0131lmaz bir par\u00e7as\u0131 olan teknolojik ara\u00e7lar\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rabilmek \ni\u00e7in ise insanlar\u0131n elektri\u011fe ihtiyac\u0131 vard\u0131r. Elektrik de do\u011fal kaynaklar kullan\u0131larak \u00fcretilmektedir. Bu \nkaynaklar\u0131 t\u00fckenebilir oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in dikkatli ve tasarruflu kullanmak gerekir. \n\u0130nsanlar, g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli teknolojik ara\u00e7lara ihtiya\u00e7 duyarlar. Bu teknolojik ara\u00e7lar \nelektrik ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r. Elektrik, \u00fcretilmesi zahmetli ve pahal\u0131 bir enerji kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \nG\u00f6rsel 6.1. \nSu Kayna\u011f\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 6.3. \nBarajda Biriken Su \nG\u00f6rsel 6.2. \nDamla Sulama Sistemiyle Tar\u0131m \nG\u00f6rsel 6.4. \nElektrik \u00dcretimi \nSu, t\u00fcm canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli olan en \u00f6nemli do\u011fal kaynakt\u0131r. V\u00fccu- \ndun s\u0131v\u0131 dengesini sa\u011flamak, ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu besinleri \u00fcretmek ve ki\u015fisel temizlik i\u00e7in suya gereksi- \nnim duyulur. \nBesinler, canl\u0131lar i\u00e7in en az su kadar \u00f6nemlidir. Hem ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmemiz i\u00e7in hem de \nbu kadar \u00f6nemli olan besinlerin \u00fcretilebilmesi i\u00e7in suya ihtiya\u00e7 duyar\u0131z. Besinlerin \u00fcretim a\u015famas\u0131n- \nda suyun tasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu nedenle tar\u0131mda damla sulama gibi sistemler kullan\u0131l- \nmal\u0131d\u0131r.","181 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nG\u00f6rsel 6.5. \n\u0130htiya\u00e7 Kadar Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015f \nG\u00f6rsel 6.6. \n\u00dcr\u00fcnlerin Bilin\u00e7li Se\u00e7ilmesi \nSu, besin ve elektrik gibi kaynaklar\u0131n ihtiya\u00e7lar do\u011frultusunda kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu kaynak- \nlar, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda ve bilin\u00e7siz kullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda h\u0131zla t\u00fckenir. Gelecek nesillere temel ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \nkar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in kullanabilecekleri bir kaynak kalmayabilir. Kaynaklar\u0131 \u00e7evresine ve kendisine \nzarar vermeden, ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda kullanan bireylere \nbilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici \n denir. \nBilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici \u015funlara dikkat etmelidir: \n\u2022 \n Al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fe \u00e7\u0131kmadan \u00f6nce amac\u0131na uygun bir liste yapmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n \u00dcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n al\u0131rken ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n \u00c7evreye ve kendi sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131na zarar vermeyecek \u00fcr\u00fcnleri se\u00e7melidir. \n\u2022 \n Kaliteli \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc uygun fiyata alabilmelidir. \n\u2022 \n \u00dcr\u00fcn\u00fc al\u0131rken ve kullan\u0131rken israf etmemelidir. \n\u2022 \n T\u00fcketici olarak haklar\u0131n\u0131 arayabilmelidir. \n Bu sayd\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 ile hem kaynaklar\u0131 bo\u015f yere harcamam\u0131\u015f hem de aile ve \n\u00fclke ekonomisine katk\u0131da bulunmu\u015f oluruz. \n\u0130nsanlar\u0131n gereksiz harcamalardan uzak durmas\u0131 gerekir. Gereksiz harcamalar sadece bu- \ng\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fc de\u011fil gelece\u011fimizi de olumsuz etkiler. Kaynaklar\u0131 verimli kullan\u0131r, israftan ka\u00e7\u0131n\u0131r, tutumlu \ndavran\u0131rsak gelece\u011fe yat\u0131r\u0131m yapm\u0131\u015f oluruz. \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \n T\u00fcketici haklar\u0131n\u0131n en iyi \u015fekilde uygulanmas\u0131, \ngeli\u015ftirilmesi, t\u00fcketici bilincinin olu\u015fturulmas\u0131, yayg\u0131n- \nla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131; g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc, do\u011fru ve etkili bir t\u00fcketici hare- \nketinin yarat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in t\u00fcketici haklar\u0131n\u0131n iyi bilinmesi \ngerekir. T\u00fcketici haklar\u0131na \nhttps:\/\/ticaret.gov.tr\/ \ntuketici\/tuketici-haklari-bilgi-bankasi \ngenel a\u011f ba\u011f- \nlant\u0131s\u0131ndan ula\u015fabilirsiniz. Her y\u0131l 15-21 Mart tarihle- \nri aras\u0131 T\u00fcketiciyi Koruma Haftas\u0131 olarak kutlan\u0131r. \nDaha \u00e7ok \netkinlik i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n182 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nSuyu tasarruflu kullanmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemler \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 \n Damlatan musluklar tamir edilmelidir. \n\u2022 \n Tasarruflu kullan\u0131m sa\u011flayan musluk bataryalar\u0131 tercih edilmelidir. \n\u2022 \n Sebze ve meyveler; a\u00e7\u0131k musluk alt\u0131nda de\u011fil, su dolu bir kab\u0131n i\u00e7erisinde bekletilerek te- \nmizlenmelidir. \n\u2022 \nDi\u015f f\u0131r\u00e7alarken, el sabunlarken ihtiya\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131nda musluklar kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n Bula\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 elde y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in harcanan su, bula\u015f\u0131k makinesinde y\u0131kamak i\u00e7in harcanandan \ndaha \u00e7oktur. Bula\u015f\u0131klar elde de\u011fil, bula\u015f\u0131k makinesinde y\u0131kanmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n Du\u015f al\u0131naca\u011f\u0131 zaman suyun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ayarlanana kadar akan su bo\u015fa harcanmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \nMuslu\u011fu a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda alt\u0131na bir kova koyabilir ve depolad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z suyu di\u011fer i\u015flerinizde kulla- \nnabilirsiniz. \n\u2022 \n Bah\u00e7e sulan\u0131rken hortum yerine tasarruf sa\u011flayan sulama aparatlar\u0131 kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \nSuyu Tasarruflu Kullanmak \u0130\u00e7in Neler Yap\u0131labilir? \nSu, canl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famsal faaliyetlerini s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmelerinde \u00f6nemli bir yere sahiptir. Bilin\u00e7li \nt\u00fcketilmemesi ve kirletilmesi sebebi ile temiz su kaynaklar\u0131 h\u0131zla azalmaktad\u0131r. Bug\u00fcn, d\u00fcnya kurakl\u0131k \ntehlikesiyle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131yad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, suyu tasarruflu kullanmak her zamankinden daha \u00f6nemli- \ndir. \n\u0130nsan v\u00fccudunun yap\u0131s\u0131nda b\u00fcy\u00fck bir oranda su bulundu\u011fu bilinmektedir. Bir insan, g\u00fcnl\u00fck \nfaaliyetleri sonucunda harcad\u0131\u011f\u0131 su miktar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilmek i\u00e7in ortalama 2 litre su i\u00e7melidir. \u00dclke- \nmizde ki\u015fi ba\u015f\u0131; banyo, tuvalet ve mutfakta g\u00fcnl\u00fck ortalama 200 litre su t\u00fcketilmektedir. \nG\u00f6rsel 6.7. \nDamlatan Muslu\u011fun Tamiri \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \nG\u00f6rsel 6.8. \nBitki Sulama Kab\u0131 \n(B l m \u00e7ocuk derg s nden al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r) \n(Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 114. Say\u0131, Syf. 10\u2019dan al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \n\u2022 \nSu D\u00fcnya\u2019n\u0131n s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fczenler. \n\u2022 \nV\u00fccudumuzun s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da d\u00fczenler. \n\u2022 \nDamlatan bir musluktan g\u00fcnde yakla\u015f\u0131k 24 litre su bo\u015fa \nakar. \n\u2022 \nEvimizde suyu en fazla kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z yer banyodur. \n\u2022 \nBug\u00fcn D\u00fcnya\u2019da bulunan su miktar\u0131 milyonlarca y\u0131l \u00f6nceki \nile yakla\u015f\u0131k olarak ayn\u0131d\u0131r.","183 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nG\u00f6rsel 6.9. \nG\u0131dalar\u0131 Uygun Saklama Ko\u015fullar\u0131 \nBesinleri Tasarruflu Kullanmak \u0130\u00e7in Neler Yap\u0131labilir? \nSa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 bireyler olarak ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in besinlere ihtiya\u00e7 duyar\u0131z. Bilin\u00e7li bir t\u00fcke- \ntici olarak yapmam\u0131z gereken ilk \u015fey isteklerimizden \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulundurmakt\u0131r. \nG\u0131da al\u0131\u015fveri\u015fi yap\u0131l\u0131rken temel ihtiya\u00e7lara dikkat edilmesi hem aile b\u00fct\u00e7esini korur hem de besinlerin \ntasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bilin\u00e7sizce yap\u0131lan t\u00fcketim israfa sebep olur. Bu da beraberinde \na\u00e7l\u0131k ve k\u0131tl\u0131\u011f\u0131 getirir. \nBesinleri tasarruflu kullanmak i\u00e7in al\u0131nabilecek \u00f6nlemler \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 \nAl\u0131\u015fveri\u015fte temel ihtiya\u00e7lara \u00f6ncelik verilmelidir. \n\u2022 \nAl\u0131nan \u00fcr\u00fcnler uygun saklama ko\u015fullar\u0131 sa\u011flanarak zaman\u0131nda t\u00fcketilmelidir. \n\u2022 \nPaketlenmi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcn sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131rken son kullanma tarihine bak\u0131lmal\u0131, tarihi ge\u00e7mi\u015f \u00fcr\u00fcnler sat\u0131n \nal\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nPaketleri geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir \u00fcr\u00fcnler tercih edilmelidir. \n\u2022 \nBayatlamaya ba\u015flayan g\u0131dalar bozulmadan de\u011ferlendirilmelidir. B\u00f6ylece ekmek, simit gibi \ng\u0131dalar\u0131n israf\u0131n\u0131n da \u00f6n\u00fcne ge\u00e7ilebilir. \n\u2022 \nYiyeceklerin uzun s\u00fcre dayanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in tur\u015fu ve konserve yapma, kurutma ve \ndondurma y\u00f6ntemleri kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nTaba\u011fa ihtiya\u00e7tan fazla yemek al\u0131nmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \n Plasti\u011fin do\u011fada par\u00e7alanmas\u0131 y\u00fczlerce y\u0131l s\u00fcrebiliyor. Bu nedenle do\u011fada daha k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede \n\u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilen ve kirlili\u011fe neden olmayan malzemeler \u00fczerinde ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Bu ara\u015f- \nt\u0131rmalardan biri \u0130spanya\u2019dan bir grup bilim insan\u0131na ait. Bu bilim insanlar\u0131 karides ve benzeri \ndeniz kabuklular\u0131n\u0131n kabuklar\u0131ndan \u00fcretilen bir malzeme \u00fczerinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131yor. Do\u011fada \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcnebilen \nve \u00fczerinde mikroorganizma geli\u015fmeyen bu malzemenin yiyecek paketlemede kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi \nd\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor. Malzemenin bu i\u015f i\u00e7in uygun olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 havu\u00e7lar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan deneylerle \ninceleniyor. \n (Bilim \u00c7ocuk, T\u00dcB\u0130TAK, 527. Say\u0131, Syf. 11\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.) \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n184 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nElektri\u011fi Tasarruflu Kullanmak \u0130\u00e7in Neler Yap\u0131labilir? \nElektrik, teknolojinin ilerlemesi ile ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131zda \u00f6nemli bir kaynak h\u00e2line gelmi\u015ftir. Elektri\u011fin \n\u00fcretim maliyeti y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in tasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 gerekir. Ayr\u0131ca do\u011fal \u00e7evrenin korunmas\u0131- \nna katk\u0131 sa\u011flamak i\u00e7in de elektri\u011fi tasarruflu kullanmaya \u00f6nem verilmelidir. \nElektrik t\u00fcketimini azaltan ve elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7lar\u0131n veriminin korunmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan bir\u00e7ok \ny\u00f6ntem vard\u0131r. Bu y\u00f6ntemlerden baz\u0131lar\u0131 \u015funlard\u0131r: \n\u2022 Tasarruf sa\u011flayan ampuller kullan\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesi, bula\u015f\u0131k makinesi, buzdolab\u0131, f\u0131r\u0131n gibi elektrikli aletler sat\u0131n al\u0131n\u0131rken \nenerji verimi etiketine dikkat edilmelidir. Enerji verimi etiketi, A s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 elektrikli e\u015fyalar\u0131n en \naz enerji t\u00fcketen ara\u00e7lar oldu\u011funu g\u00f6sterir. \n\u2022 \nTelevizyon, bilgisayar, \u00e7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesi gibi elektronik cihazlar kullan\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 zaman kapat- \nma tu\u015fundan kapat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nCep telefonu, tablet gibi elektronik cihazlar bataryalar\u0131 dolduktan sonra prizden \u00e7ekilmeli- \ndir. \n\u2022 \nA\u00e7\u0131k kalan buzdolab\u0131 kapaklar\u0131 elektrik t\u00fcketimini artt\u0131r\u0131r. Bu nedenle buzdolab\u0131 kapa\u011f\u0131 uzun \ns\u00fcre a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rak\u0131lmamal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \nBuzdolab\u0131, klima gibi so\u011futucular; ocak ve f\u0131r\u0131n gibi \u0131s\u0131 veren kaynaklardan uza\u011fa yerle\u015fti- \nrilmelidir. \n\u2022 \nGereksiz yanan ayd\u0131nlatma ara\u00e7lar\u0131 s\u00f6nd\u00fcr\u00fclmelidir. \n\u2022 \nBilgisayarlar, kapat\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra da enerji t\u00fcketmeye devam etti\u011fi i\u00e7in prizden \u00e7ekilmelidir. \nG\u00f6rsel 6.10. \nTasarruflu Lamba \nG\u00f6rsel 6.11. \nD\u00fc\u011fmesinden Kapat\u0131lan Priz \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Elektrik bir hafta kesildi\u011finde hayat\u0131n\u0131zda ne gibi problemler ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar, ara\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. Ara\u015ft\u0131r- \nma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla payla\u015f\u0131n\u0131z.","185 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nKaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 Tasarruflu Kullan\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131da kaynaklar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili g\u00f6rseller verilmi\u015ftir. Tasarruflu kullan\u0131ma \u00f6rnek olan \ng\u00f6rsellerin yan\u0131ndaki kutuyu istedi\u011finiz renkte boyay\u0131n\u0131z. \nPEK\u0130\u015eT\u0130REL\u0130M \na. \nb. \nc. \n\u00e7.","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n186 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Kaynaklar\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131nda tasarruflu davranmaya \u00f6zen g\u00f6stermek. \nKaynaklar\u0131n Tasarruflu Kullan\u0131m\u0131 \u0130\u00e7in \nPoster Haz\u0131rl\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \n\u2022 \nFon kartonuna su, besin ve elektrik gibi kaynaklar\u0131n tasarruflu kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 anlatan her \nkaynak i\u00e7in birer slogan yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n Fon kartonu \u00fczerine su, besin ve enerji kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131n do\u011fru kullan\u0131mlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren resimler \n\u00e7iziniz. \n\u2022 \n Gazete veya dergilerden kaynaklar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6steren resimleri keserek fon kar- \ntonuna yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \n Kaynaklar\u0131n yanl\u0131\u015f kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 neler olabilir? \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n2. \n\u00c7evrenizdeki insanlar\u0131n su, besin ve elektrik kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 do\u011fru kullanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in neler \n yapabilirsiniz? \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n .................................................................................................................................................................................. \n\u0130stedi\u011finiz renkte 1 adet fon kartonu \nFarkl\u0131 renkte boya kalemleri \nEski gazete ve dergiler \n1 adet yap\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131c\u0131 \n1 adet makas \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI","187 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nG\u00f6rsel 6.12. \nYeniden Kullan\u0131lan Plastik \u015ei\u015fe \nG\u00f6rsel 6.13. \n\u00c7oraptan Yap\u0131lan Kukla \nYeniden Kullanman\u0131n \u00d6nemi \n\u00dcretimden t\u00fcketime kadar olan t\u00fcm a\u015famalarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n art\u0131k i\u015fine yara- \nmayan maddelere \nat\u0131k \n denir. Bu at\u0131klar; \u00e7evreyi korumak, aile b\u00fct\u00e7esine ve \u00fclke ekonomisine katk\u0131 \nsa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla yeniden de\u011ferlendirilerek kullan\u0131labilir. B\u00fct\u00fcn at\u0131klar \u00e7\u00f6p de\u011fildir. Bu \u00fcr\u00fcnler \nfarkl\u0131 ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamak i\u00e7in yeniden tasarlanabilir. Bilin\u00e7li bir t\u00fcketici, at\u0131klar\u0131 d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek ihti- \nya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131layabilir. Size fikir vermesi i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki yeniden kullan\u0131m \u00f6rneklerini inceleyiniz. \n\u2022 Kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f k\u00e2\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131n arka y\u00fczleri resim yapmak veya not almak i\u00e7in kullan\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Meyve ve sebzeleri y\u0131kad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z suyla \u00e7i\u00e7ekler sulanabilir. \n\u2022 Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131 biriktirilip bah\u00e7e sulanmas\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Eskimi\u015f e\u015fyalar boyanarak, tamir edilerek yeniden kullan\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Pet \u015fi\u015felerden \u00e7e\u015fitli s\u00fcs e\u015fyalar\u0131, saks\u0131, at\u0131k pil kutusu yap\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Eskimi\u015f tahta ka\u015f\u0131klar, y\u00fcn iplikler, kuma\u015f par\u00e7alar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak birbirinden g\u00fczel kuklalar \nyap\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Bo\u015f cam kavanozlar; tur\u015fu, konserve vb. yap\u0131m\u0131nda kullan\u0131labilece\u011fi gibi boyan\u0131p vazo olarak \nda kullan\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Kullan\u0131lmayan giysiler, ihtiya\u00e7 sahiplerine verilebilir ya da giysi kumbaralar\u0131na b\u0131rak\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Okudu\u011funuz kitaplar, art\u0131k oynamad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z oyuncaklar, \u00e7e\u015fitli elektronik e\u015fyalar ihtiya\u00e7 sahiple- \nriyle payla\u015f\u0131larak yeniden kullan\u0131labilir. \nYa\u015fam \u0130\u00e7in Gerekli Kaynaklar\u0131n \u00d6nemi \nCanl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmeleri i\u00e7in \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklara ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 vard\u0131r. En \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 \nduyulan kaynaklar\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda su gelir. Gelecek nesillerin de ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmesi i\u00e7in bug\u00fcn \nkullan\u0131lan su miktar\u0131na dikkat edilmesi gerekmektedir. \nSudan sonra canl\u0131lar\u0131n en \u00e7ok ihtiya\u00e7 duydu\u011fu kaynak ku\u015fkusuz besinlerdir. Besin kaynaklar\u0131n\u0131 \n\u00f6ncelikle ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kadar kullanarak t\u00fcketimdeki israf\u0131 azaltmal\u0131, sonra da artan besin maddelerini \nde\u011ferlendirmeye odaklanmal\u0131y\u0131z. \n\u0130nsanlar; su, besin gibi birincil kaynaklar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda g\u00fcnl\u00fck hayatlar\u0131nda elektrik gibi farkl\u0131 kay- \nnaklara da ihtiya\u00e7 duymaktad\u0131r. Elektrik sayesinde insanlar, bir\u00e7ok teknolojik alet kullanabilmektedir. \n\u0130nsanlar, bu kaynaklara genellikle kolay ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in \u00f6nemini kavramakta zorlanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak \nbu kaynaklar ya\u015fam i\u00e7in vazge\u00e7ilmez ve t\u00fckenebilir kaynaklard\u0131r. Bu kaynaklar\u0131 olabildi\u011fince tasar- \nruflu ve bilin\u00e7li kullanmak gelecek nesillere kar\u015f\u0131 en \u00f6nemli sorumluluklar\u0131m\u0131zdan biridir.","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n188 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nAma\u00e7: \nAma\u00e7: Yeniden kullanman\u0131n \u00f6nemini fark etmek. \nKu\u015flar i\u00e7in Yemlik Yap\u0131yorum \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki malzemeleri kullanarak etkinli\u011fin basamaklar\u0131n\u0131 uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. De\u011ferlendirme b\u00f6l\u00fc- \nm\u00fcndeki sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 noktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \nUYGULAYALIM \n\u2022 \nYumurta kepinin varsa kapak k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 dikkatlice kesiniz. \n\u2022 \nYumurta kepinin d\u00f6rt k\u00f6\u015fesine makas\u0131n ucuyla ipin ge\u00e7ebilece\u011fi kadar delik a\u00e7\u0131n\u0131z. \n\u2022 \n\u0130pleri \u00e7apraz olarak deliklerden ge\u00e7irip k\u00f6\u015felere d\u00fc\u011f\u00fcmleyiniz. \n\u2022 \nBir miktar ku\u015f yemini kepin b\u00f6lmelerine doldurunuz. \n\u2022 \nHaz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z yemli\u011fi, okulunuzun veya evinizin bah\u00e7esindeki bir a\u011faca b\u00fcy\u00fcklerinizin yar- \nd\u0131m\u0131yla as\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. \n Ku\u015flar i\u00e7in ba\u015fka hangi at\u0131k malzemelerle yemlik haz\u0131rlayabilirsiniz? \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n ................................................................................................................................................................................. \n2. \n Ku\u015flar ve sokak hayvanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in kalan ev yemeklerini nas\u0131l de\u011ferlendirebilirsiniz? \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n3. \n At\u0131k malzemeleri kullanarak hayvanlar i\u00e7in ba\u015fka neler tasarlayabilirsiniz? \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n .............................................................................................................................................................................. \n1 adet kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f yumurta kepi \n1 adet makas \n2 adet yakla\u015f\u0131k 50 cm uzunlu\u011funda kullan\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ip \nBir miktar ku\u015f yemi \nMALZEMELER \nUYGULAMANI DE\u011eERLEND\u0130R \nUYGULAMA BASAMAKLARI \nARA\u015eTIRALIM \n Bilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Bu davran\u0131\u015flara y\u00f6nelik bir anket haz\u0131rlay\u0131p se\u00e7ece- \n\u011finiz be\u015f ki\u015fiye bu anketi uygulay\u0131n\u0131z. Anket sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6zetleyerek arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131za sununuz. ","189 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nGeri D\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm\u00fcn \u00d6nemi \nH\u0131zl\u0131 n\u00fcfus art\u0131\u015f\u0131 ve sanayile\u015fme; her ge\u00e7en g\u00fcn daha fazla su, besin ve elektrik t\u00fcketilmesi- \nne sebep olmaktad\u0131r. Bu t\u00fcketim sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlerden ge\u00e7irilerek \u00fcretim \ns\u00fcrecine tekrar d\u00e2hil edilmesi durumuna \ngeri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \n denir. \u00c7\u00f6pe giden at\u0131k miktar\u0131n\u0131 azaltmak, \ndo\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131n h\u0131zl\u0131 t\u00fckenmesini engellemek ve tasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flamak amac\u0131yla geri \nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm yap\u0131l\u0131r. Geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcmle \u00fcretimdeki i\u015flemler azalt\u0131larak enerji tasarrufu sa\u011flan\u0131r. \n\u2022 At\u0131k ya\u011flar\u0131 lavabolara d\u00f6kmek yerine at\u0131k ya\u011f toplama kutular\u0131na b\u0131rakmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. At\u0131k ya\u011fla- \nr\u0131n lavabolara d\u00f6k\u00fclmesi su ve toprak kirlili\u011fine sebep olmaktad\u0131r. Bu at\u0131k ya\u011flar geri d\u00f6n\u00fc- \n\u015f\u00fcm ile ara\u00e7 yak\u0131t\u0131 \u00fcretiminde kullan\u0131labilir. \n\u2022 Organik at\u0131klar; ara\u00e7 yak\u0131t\u0131n\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra hayvan mamalar\u0131na ve organik g\u00fcbreye d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fc- \nlebilir. \nG\u00f6rsel 6.14. \nAt\u0131k Ya\u011flar\u0131n Toplanmas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 6.15. \nKat\u0131 At\u0131klar\u0131n Ayr\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 6.16. \nD\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir At\u0131klar\u0131n \n Toplanmas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 6.17. \nAt\u0131k Su Ar\u0131tma \nTesisi \n\u2022 At\u0131k sular, su ar\u0131tma tesislerinde i\u00e7me suyuna d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \n\u2022 Katk\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z her geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm iklim de\u011fi\u015fikli\u011fini \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olacakt\u0131r. \nKaynaklar\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 gelecekte verimli kullanabilmek i\u00e7in a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \u00f6rneklerini inceleyi- \nniz.","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n190 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nFEN, M\u00dcHEND\u0130SL\u0130K VE G\u0130R\u0130\u015e\u0130MC\u0130L\u0130K UYGULAMALARI \nTasarruflu olman\u0131n \u00f6nemini \u00f6\u011frendiniz. Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, t\u00fckenebilir do\u011fal kaynaklardan biri \nolan suyun bilin\u00e7li ve tasarruflu kullan\u0131m\u0131 konusunda neler yap\u0131labilece\u011fiyle ilgili bir ara\u015ft\u0131r- \nma ve uygulama yapman\u0131z istenmektedir. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131z i\u00e7in evinizdeki su t\u00fcketim al\u0131\u015fkanl\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 \ng\u00f6zlemleyiniz. G\u00f6zlem sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 verilen alana not ediniz. Kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z suyun ihtiya\u00e7 fazlas\u0131 \nolup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 tespit etmek i\u00e7in grup arkada\u015flar\u0131n\u0131zla tart\u0131\u015fabilir veya \u00f6\u011fretmeninizden yard\u0131m \nisteyebilirsiniz. Daha sonra grup tart\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 yoluyla bu kullan\u0131mlara y\u00f6nelik tasarruf \u00f6nlemleri \ngeli\u015ftiriniz. Geli\u015ftirdi\u011finiz tasarruf \u00f6nlemlerini belirtilen alana listeleyiniz. \nSuyun \u0130htiya\u00e7tan Fazla \nKullan\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 Durumlar \n\u0130htiya\u00e7 Fazlas\u0131 Kullan\u0131ma \nY\u00f6nelik Tasarruf \u00d6nlemleri \n\u2022 \nDu\u015fta kalma s\u00fcresinin uzun tutulmas\u0131 \n\u2022 \n ............................................................................ \n ........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \nDu\u015fta kalma s\u00fcresi k\u0131sa tutulmal\u0131d\u0131r. \n\u2022 \n .......................................................................... \n ........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \n\u2022 \n............................................................................ \n........................................................................... \nElde etti\u011finiz verileri sayfa 14-17\u2019deki fen, m\u00fchendislik ve giri\u015fimcilik uygulama basamak- \nlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak tasarruf \u00f6nlemlerinizi tan\u0131tan bir poster haz\u0131rlay\u0131n\u0131z. Haz\u0131rlad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z posteri \ns\u0131n\u0131fta sununuz. Ayr\u0131ca evde bilgilendirme sunumu yapabilir, posterinizi y\u0131l sonu bilim \u015fenli\u011finde \nsergileyebilirsiniz. \nB\u0130LG\u0130 BANKASI \n Bir adet cam \u015fi\u015feyi geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrerek bir bilgisayar\u0131 25 dakika, bir televizyonu 20 dakika \n\u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmaya yetecek kadar elektrik tasarrufu sa\u011flanabilir.","191 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadelerin baz\u0131lar\u0131 do\u011fru, baz\u0131lar\u0131 yanl\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u015eemadaki bilgilerin do\u011fru ya da \nyanl\u0131\u015f oldu\u011funa karar vererek ilerleyiniz. Ula\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7\u0131k\u0131\u015f\u0131 i\u015faretleyiniz. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki g\u00f6rseli inceleyiniz. G\u00f6rsel ile ilgili verilen sorular\u0131n yan\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131ndaki \nnoktal\u0131 alana yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \nG\u00f6rseldeki problemin sebebi nedir? \n.......................................................................................... \n.......................................................................................... \n......................................................................................... \n......................................................................................... \nProblemin \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fc i\u00e7in \u00f6nerileriniz nelerdir? \n.......................................................................................... \n.......................................................................................... \n.......................................................................................... \n......................................................................................... \nBozuk musluklar\u0131n tamir edilmesi tasarruflu davran\u0131\u015f\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra bir \ntutumluluk \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \nDo\u011fal kaynaklar s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131zd\u0131r. \nAl\u0131\u015fveri\u015f yaparken liste haz\u0131rlamak \nbesin israf\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye yard\u0131mc\u0131 olur. \n\u00c7ama\u015f\u0131r makinesini \ntam doldurduktan \nsonra \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131rmak \ngerekir. \nArtan ekmekleri \nfarkl\u0131 yemeklerde \nde\u011ferlendirebilirsiniz. \nAt\u0131k po\u015fetlerden \nu\u00e7urtma yapmak \nyeniden kullan\u0131ma \n\u00f6rnektir. \n Plastik at\u0131klar geri \nd\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fclebilir. \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \nD \nD \nD \nY \nY \nY \n1. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n2. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n3. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n4. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n5. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n6. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \n7. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \n8. \u00c7\u0131k\u0131\u015f \nD \nY \nA \nB","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n192 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki bulmacay\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fcz. \n1. \nT\u00fcketim sonucu ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan at\u0131klar\u0131n \u00e7e\u015fitli i\u015flemlerden ge\u00e7irilerek \u00fcretim s\u00fcre- \ncine tekrar d\u00e2hil edilmesi durumuna denir. \n2. \nCanl\u0131lar\u0131n ya\u015famlar\u0131n\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrebilmek i\u00e7in etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde olduklar\u0131, canl\u0131 ve can- \ns\u0131z varl\u0131klar\u0131n bir arada bulundu\u011fu ortama denir. \n3. \n\u0130nsan ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 i\u00e7in v\u00fccuda al\u0131nan g\u0131dad\u0131r. \n4. \n\u00dcretim maliyeti y\u00fcksek oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in t\u00fcketilirken tasarruflu olunmas\u0131 gereken bir \nenerji kayna\u011f\u0131d\u0131r. \n5. \n\u00dcretimden t\u00fcketime kadar olan t\u00fcm a\u015famalarda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve kullan\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \ni\u015fine art\u0131k yaramayan maddelere denir. \n6. \nKaynaklar\u0131 \u00e7evresine ve kendisine zarar vermeden ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda \nkullanan bireylere denir. \n\u00dcN\u0130TE SONU DE\u011eERLEND\u0130RME \n1 \n3 \n2 \n5 \n6 \n4 \nA","193 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki ifadeleri dikkatlice okuyunuz. Do\u011fru ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \u201cD\u201d, yanl\u0131\u015f ifadelerin ba\u015f\u0131na \n\u201cY\u201d yaz\u0131n\u0131z. Yanl\u0131\u015f olan ifadelerin do\u011frular\u0131n\u0131 altlar\u0131ndaki noktal\u0131 yerlere yaz\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. (.....) Bilin\u00e7li bir t\u00fcketici, h\u0131zl\u0131 t\u00fckenecek \u00fcr\u00fcnlerden gere\u011finden fazla al\u0131r. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \n7. 7. \n(.....) Di\u015flerimizi f\u0131r\u00e7alarken muslu\u011fu a\u00e7\u0131k b\u0131rakmal\u0131y\u0131z. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Kaynaklar\u0131 tasarruflu kullanarak aile b\u00fct\u00e7esine katk\u0131 sa\u011flayabilirsiniz. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Cam kavanozlardan kalemlik yapmak yeniden kullan\u0131m \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Cep telefonu, tablet gibi elektronik cihazlar \u015farj olunca fi\u015fleri prizden \u00e7ekilmelidir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Yeniden kullan\u0131m sadece k\u0131yafetlerde yap\u0131labilir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \n(.....) Besin sat\u0131n al\u0131rken tavsiye edilen son t\u00fcketim tarihine dikkat edilmelidir. \n................................................................................................................................................................................ \nC\u00fcmlelerdeki bo\u015fluklar\u0131, verilen kelimelerden uygun olanlar\u0131yla tamamlay\u0131n\u0131z. \n1. 1. \n2. 2. \n3. 3. \n4. 4. Ar\u0131zal\u0131 musluklar tamir edilerek ......................................... tasarrufu yap\u0131labilir. \n5. 5. \n6. 6. \nAt\u0131k maddeler kullan\u0131ld\u0131ktan sonra ......................................... ile tekrar kullan\u0131labilir h\u00e2le \ngetirilir. \nElektrik t\u00fcketimi az olan ara\u00e7lar kullanmak ......................................... davran\u0131\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. \nKullan\u0131lmayan pet \u015fi\u015feden saks\u0131 yapmak ......................................... \u00f6rne\u011fidir. \nDo\u011fal kaynaklar\u0131 ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kadar kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda bu kaynaklardan ..................................... \netmi\u015f oluruz. \nTaba\u011f\u0131n\u0131za yiyebilece\u011finiz kadar ......................................... almal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z. \ntasarruf \nbesin \nsu \ngeri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm \nyeniden kullan\u0131m \nbilin\u00e7li t\u00fcketici \nelektrik \nB \nC","6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n194 \n6. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki \u00e7oktan se\u00e7meli sorularda do\u011fru se\u00e7ene\u011fi i\u015faretleyiniz. \n1. 1. \nP\u0131nar: Bula\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 elde de\u011fil makinede y\u0131kamal\u0131y\u0131z. \nG\u00fcray: Ya\u011fmur sular\u0131n\u0131 biriktirerek \u00e7i\u00e7eklerimizi ya da bah\u00e7emizi sulayabiliriz. \nAyg\u00fcl: \u0130\u015fimizin olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 odalar\u0131n \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 kapatmal\u0131y\u0131z. \nBora: Arabam\u0131z\u0131 hortumla su tutarak de\u011fil, \u0131slak bezle silerek temizlemeliyiz. \nFen bilimleri dersinde \u00f6\u011fretmen, \u00f6\u011frencilerine yukar\u0131daki soruyu sormu\u015f ve \u00f6\u011fren- \ncilerinden baz\u0131 yan\u0131tlar alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Soruyu do\u011fru yan\u0131tlayan \u00f6\u011frenciler hangi se\u00e7enekte \nverilmi\u015ftir? \n2. 2. \nSu, besin ve elektrik gibi kaynaklar\u0131n bilin\u00e7siz t\u00fcketilmesi sonucunda d\u00fcnya, kurakl\u0131k ve \nkaynaklar\u0131n t\u00fckenmesi gibi felaketlerle kar\u015f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131ya kalabilir. \nA\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fabilece\u011fi bu tehlikelerin sebeplerinden biri \nde\u011fildir? \nA) Kaynaklar\u0131n tasarruflu kullan\u0131lmas\u0131 \nB) \u0130nsanlar\u0131n geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcm konusunda bilin\u00e7siz olmas\u0131 \nC) D\u00fcnya genelinde n\u00fcfusun h\u0131zl\u0131 artmas\u0131 \nD) Sanayile\u015fmenin artmas\u0131 \n3. 3. \nI. Artan ekmeklerden tost yapabiliriz. \nII. Market al\u0131\u015fveri\u015finde ihtiyac\u0131m\u0131z kadar g\u0131da almal\u0131y\u0131z. \nIII. T\u00fcketilemeyen meyvelerden re\u00e7el yapabiliriz. \nBesinlerin tasarruflu kullan\u0131m\u0131 ile ilgili verilen bilgilerden hangileri do\u011frudur? \nA) P\u0131nar ve G\u00fcray \nB) Ayg\u00fcl ve Bora \nC) P\u0131nar, G\u00fcray ve Bora \nD) Ayg\u00fcl, P\u0131nar ve Bora \nA) I ve II \nB) I ve III \nC) II ve III \nD) I, II ve III \nEvinizde su tasarrufu sa\u011flamak \ni\u00e7in neler yapmal\u0131s\u0131n\u0131z? \n\u00c7","195 \n\u0130NSAN VE \u00c7EVRE \n4. 4. \nFen bilimleri dersinde \u00f6\u011fretmen, \u00f6\u011frencilerinden at\u0131klar\u0131n yeniden kullan\u0131m\u0131yla ilgili \nyapt\u0131klar\u0131 \u00f6rnekleri s\u0131n\u0131fa getirmelerini istemi\u015ftir. \u00d6\u011frenciler, getirdikleri \u00f6rnekleri arka- \nda\u015flar\u0131na tan\u0131tm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nElif: Bana k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck gelen kaza\u011f\u0131 s\u00f6k\u00fcp iplerini kullanarak kukla yapt\u0131m. \n\u00d6mer: Konserve kutusunu boyayarak kalemlik yapt\u0131m. \nSevgi: Bo\u015f re\u00e7el kavanozunu s\u00fcsleyerek vazo yapt\u0131m. \nDemirhan: Renkli fon kartonlar\u0131n\u0131 kullanarak r\u00fczg\u00e2rg\u00fcl\u00fc yapt\u0131m. \n\u00d6\u011frencilerden hangilerinin verdi\u011fi \u00f6rnekler at\u0131k malzemelerin yeniden kullan\u0131m\u0131na \nuygundur? \nA) Elif, \u00d6mer ve Sevgi \nB) \u00d6mer, Sevgi ve Demirhan \nC) Elif, Sevgi ve Demirhan \nD) \u00d6mer, Elif ve Demirhan \n5. 5. \nEnerji verimlili\u011fi etiketi 2021 y\u0131l\u0131ndan itibaren yenilenmi\u015ftir. Enerji verimlili\u011fi; A en y\u00fck- \nsek, G en d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck olmak \u00fczere A-G aras\u0131nda s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \nEvine enerji verimlili\u011fi y\u00fcksek bir bula\u015f\u0131k makinesi almak isteyen Tuna\u2019ya sat\u0131c\u0131 baz\u0131 \u00f6ne- \nrilerde bulunmu\u015ftur. \n A\u015fa\u011f\u0131dakilerden hangisi sat\u0131c\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nerisi olabilir? \nA) G s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 elektronik aletler en az elektrik t\u00fcketir. \nB) A s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131 elektronik aletler hem b\u00fct\u00e7e dostu hem de \u00e7evrecidir. \nC) A s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan G s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131na do\u011fru gidildik\u00e7e enerji tasarrufu artar. \nD) Enerji verimlili\u011fi etiketi sadece elektrik tasarrufu anlam\u0131na gelmektedir. \nDaha fazla \nsoru i\u00e7in \nkarekodu \nokutunuz.","196196 \n7. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n7. \u00dcN\u0130TE \nBAS\u0130T ELEKTR\u0130K DEVRELER\u0130 \n1. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: \nBAS\u0130T ELEKTR\u0130K DEVRELER\u0130 \nBu \u00fcnitede; \n\u2022 Basit elektrik devresini olu\u015fturan devre elemanlar\u0131n\u0131n \ni\u015flevlerini, \n\u2022 \u00c7al\u0131\u015fan bir elektrik devresi kurmay\u0131, \n\u2022 Evde ve okuldaki elektrik d\u00fc\u011fmelerinin ve kablolar\u0131n\u0131n \nbirer devre eleman\u0131 oldu\u011funu \n\u00f6\u011frenece\u011fiz.","197 197 \nBAS\u0130T ELEKTR\u0130K DEVRELER\u0130 \ne-i\u00e7erik \nEBA \u00fcnite alan\u0131 \n\u00dcnitemizin Kavramlar\u0131 \n\u2022 Devre elemanlar\u0131 \n\u2022 Basit elektrik devresi","198 \n7. \u00dcN\u0130TE \n I. B\u00d6L\u00dcM: BAS\u0130T ELEKTR\u0130K DEVRELER\u0130 \n Evlerimize gelen elektrik, lambam\u0131z\u0131 nas\u0131l \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131r\u0131r? \nD\u00dc\u015e\u00dcNEL\u0130M \nMasa lambas\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7ma d\u00fc\u011fmesine bast\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda \u0131\u015f\u0131\u011f\u0131n yand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bu kadar basit bir \nhareketle lamban\u0131n yanmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan malzemeler nelerdir? \nG\u00f6rsel 7.1. \nMasa Lambas\u0131 \nG\u00f6rsel 7.2. \nElektrik Devresi ve Pilli Masa Lambas\u0131 \nGeli\u015fen teknoloji ile birlikte elektrikle \u00e7al\u0131\u015fan ara\u00e7lar hayat\u0131m\u0131zda daha \u00e7ok yer tutmaya ba\u015flad\u0131. \nBuzdolab\u0131, televizyon, f\u0131r\u0131n gibi ev aletlerinin yan\u0131nda; cep telefonlar\u0131, el fenerleri, uzaktan kumanda- \nlar gibi daha k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck aletler de elektrik devreleri ile \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaktad\u0131r. Bu aletlerin \u00e7al\u0131\u015fabilmesi i\u00e7in gerekli \nolan elektri\u011fin devre elemanlar\u0131n\u0131 dola\u015farak izledi\u011fi yola \nelektrik devresi \n denir. \nAmpul \nKablo \nPil \nAnahtar"]