PA-O History

201 ,ctk cg A'k b¨ momtm; ,OS NfyKdivf monhf bmomt,0l g'rsm; &vdS mon/f uok vdk af &;twuG f rrd ud vLS &rnthf pm; rdrdtm; jyifytzGJUtpnf;rsm;u vufaqmifypönf;rsm; ay;urf;í bmomwGif;0if&ef qGJaqmifpnf;½Hk;vmcJhMu on/f aus;&mG om;twiG ;f bmoma&;qikd &f m pn;f ur;f azmuzf suof rl sm;tm; aus;&mG vBlu;D rsm;uyif tjypaf y; avh&SdMuavonf/ ¤if;wdkY\\ bmoma&;t,ltq? \"avhxHk;wrf;rsm;onf aus;&Gm&Sd vlrsKd;\"avhxHk;wrf;rsm;ESifh wom;wn;f jzpaf eMuontf m;avsmpf mG bmoma&;azmuzf surf oI nf rrd \"d avxh ;kH wr;f tm; azmuzf sujfci;f rnaf y on/f x;kH wr;f pOvf mt& aus;&mG om;wikd ;f onf bmoma&;qikd &f mupd rö sm;wiG f yg0iaf qmi&f uG Mfu&on/f Oyok f aerY sm;wiG f ausmi;f ooYkd mG ;í ovD aqmuwf nMfu&on/f bek ;f awmBfu;D rsm;EiS hf tpOrf jywf aqmi&f uG Mfu&on/f ewfrsm;tm;vnf; vkdtyfovdk ylaZmfyo&efvdkonf/ ppfrSefonfh Ak'¨bmom0ifwdkif;rsm;onf txufazmfjyyg bmoma&;qdkif&m vkyfaqmifcsufrsm;udk rysufr,Gif; aqmif&Guf&efvdkonf/ b&k m;wiG f qrG ;f ? czJ ,G ?f abmZOwf EYkd iS hf ye;f rsm; quuf yof nehf n;f wl aiaG Mu;uvkd n;f xn0hf ivf LS 'ge;f avh &adS von/f ,i;f aiuG kd bek ;f awmBfu;D rsm;onf ausmi;f twuG f to;kH aqmirf sm;0,jfcr;f &ef ord ;f qn;f xm;wwMfu avon/f pipf ptf m;jzihf oCH mrsm;onf a&aT i0G wK¬ypnö ;f rsm;ukd uikd pf cJG iG rhf &MdSuacs/ yt;kd vrl sK;d ptk v,wf iG f ,i;f oaYkd om aiaG Mu;vLS 'ge;f rwI rYkd mS rajymyavmuaf y/ aitG itf m;wwEf ikd of rl sm;omvQif tajrmutf rsm; vLS 'ge;f Eikd f Muayon/f bek ;f Bu;D onf aiaG Mu;ukd rrd ud ,dk wf ikd f wukd ½f ukd of ;kH paJG vrh &bdS J rrd \\d wumtm; vtkd yof nyhf pnö ;f ukd 0,jfcr;f cikd ;f av&h MdSuavon/f ausmi;f twuG f jyiqf ipf &wd af ivG tkd yjfci;f ? b&k m;jyi&f evf tkd yjfci;f ? b&k m;yuJG si;f y&euf pd rö sm;wiG f aiaG Mu; tajrmutf rsm; vtkd yof nthf avsmuf b&k m;wum? ausmi;f wumrsm;uomvQif uruxjyKí aus;&mG twiG ;f vnS vhf ntf vLS cjHci;f jzpof n-f qokd nuf kd tvLS &iS rf sm;tm; o'g¨ ayguaf p&ef BuKdwiaf jymMum;av&h MdSuon/f þa' owiG f vyk if e;f wpcf tk wuG f tao;pwd f uek uf srnphf &wd uf kd wuG cf suNfy;D roS mvQif tvLS aiaG umucf aH v&h MdSuav on/f bek ;f awmBfu;D rsm;onf ,i;f oaYkd om tvLS aumucf oH nuhf pd rö sm;wiG f wukd ½f ukd yf g0iaf vrh &MdSubJ tvLS twe;f jyKvyk jfci;f jzihf tyg,wf cH g;ywd vf suf eAd mÁ ewf cH g;ziG Ehf ikd af Mumi;f -ponjfzihf tvLS \\tusK;d tmeod iuf kd a[mMum;avh &adS von/f þo,G 0f ukd af om tvLS ceH n;f jzihf bek ;f Bu;D rsm;onf aiaG Mu;tajrmutf rsm; tvLS cíH &&vdS mwwMfuav onf/ tjcm;tvSLcHenf;wpfrsKd;rSm ausmif;wGif;ü vdktyfonfh wefaqmif;? bk&m;½kyfyGm;awmfrsm;twGuf tvSL wum&mS azaG pjci;f jzpof n/f b&k m;wum? ausmi;f wum jzpvf okd rl sm;onf vLS rwI e;f rrI sm;wiG f pwd 0f ipf m;Muonhf tavsmuf apwemtjynfht0jzifh wm0ef,lavh&SdMuonf/ tvLS &iS rf sm;xrH S tvLS cNHy;D onthf cgwiG f ouqf ikd &f m tvLS crH sm;onf rrd wd aYkd umucf &H &odS nhf tvLS aiG rsm;ukd rnof oYdk ;kH pMJGuonuf kd pm&i;f &iS ;f vi;f avrh &MdSuacs/ rwS wf r;f rwS &f mrsm;vn;f xm;avrh &MdSuacs/ tcsKUd a'o rsm;wGif aiGpm&if;rsm; ppfaq;jcif;rsm; jyKvkyfavh&SdMuonf/ tvSLudk e,fajrtwGif; us,fjyefYpGm aumufcHonfh tcgrsm;wiG f aiaG Mu;tvoJT ;kH pm;rrI sK;d jzpyf mG ;av&h odS n/f awmiBfu;D NrKdUay:&dS ausmi;f wpaf usmi;f aqmuvf yk pf Ouf ,if;jyóemrsKd; ay:aygufí tawmfyif *,ufxoGm;cJhonf/ bmoma&;vyk if e;f rsm; aqmi&f uG of nhf tjcm;en;f vr;f wpcf vk n;f &adS o;on/f ¤i;f en;f vr;f rmS aiaG Mu; \"ejyn0hf orl sm;u ausmi;f taqmutf OwD pcf uk dk jyKvyk vf LS 'ge;f onthf cg tvLS airG xn0hf iEf ikd of l &mG om;rsm;u vyk tf m;ay;&i;f tvLS 'ge xn0hf iof nehf n;f jzpaf von/f pipf ptf m;jzihf rnof rl qkd bmoma&;upd ö t&y&f ywf iG f aitG m;vtl m;wjYkdzihf apwemxuof epf mG yg0icf iG &hf MdSuavon/f tvLS twe;f wiG f tvLS r@yBfu;D ukd op0f g;puLú wdkYjzifh tcsdefukefaiGukefcHí aqmufvkyfavh&SdMuonf/ ,i;f r@yrf sm;ukd EpS &f uof ;kH &uf o;kH pNJGy;D onthf cg zsuqf ;D ypaf v&h adS von/f b&k m;yrJG sm;wiG vf n;f ,cif oHk;pGJNyD; r@yfa[mif;rsm;udk oHk;pGJavhr&SdbJ topfomaqmufvkyfavh&Sdonf/ aus;&Gmrsm;ü bk&m;ausmif;rsm; jyifqifonfhtcg vlBuD;rsm;u wpftdrfvQifwpfa,muf qifhac:vsuf vkyftm;tvSLudk ay;cdkif;avh&Sdavonf/ ,i;f \"avuh kd vwl ikd ;f yif wav;wpm; vukd ef mav&h MdSuon/f ,i;f vyk tf m;ay;orl sm;onf uok vdk vf yk &f on[f k ,HkMunfMuonfhtwdkif; ,if;aeYwGif tjcm;vkyfief; aqmifwmrsm;udkpGefYí vkyftm;ay;avh&SdMuavonf/

202 b&k m;? ausmi;f twuG f owrf wS vf LS 'ge;f onhf tvLS airG sm;ukd vrl aI &;upd ?ö aysmyf &JG iT yf uJG pd Eö iS hf tjcm;upd ö rsm;wiG f o;kH pcJG iG rhf jyKMuacs/ ausmi;f rsm;wiG f tx;l vtkd yaf eonhf upd &ö yrf sm;rmS ausmi;f om;rsm; ynmoiaf &;t wGuf taxmuftyHhjzpfygonf/ vuf&Sdbkef;BuD;ausmif;wGif pmoifMum;jcif;pepfrSm bmoma&;qufEG,fvGef;vS onf/ rMumao;rD ESpfrsm;twGif;ü vlxkvIyf&Sm;rItoGifjzifh bkef;BuD;ausmif;ynma&;udk wdk;csJUaqmufvkyfcJhMu on/f vlxkynma&; aqG;aEG;yGJrsm; jyKvkyfcJhMuonf/ ausmif;0if;twGif;ü ,if;tpnf;ta0;rsm;jyKvkyfjcif;? ynmay;½yk &f iS rf sm;jyojci;f ? use;f rma&;upd rö sm; a[majymjci;f EiS hf use;f rma&; aq;uok jci;f rsm;ukd bek ;f awmBfu;D rsm;u ueuYf uG rf rI &MdSuacs/ pipf ptf m;jzihf aus;&mG twiG ;f ü vxl tk m;v;kH wuaf &muEf ikd of nhf us,uf s,af jymajym ae&mrsm;rmS bek ;f Bu;D ausmi;f rvS íJG r&MdSuacs/ ,i;f aq;G aE;G yrJG sm;rmS vyk if e;f taumitf xnaf zmof nhf vyk &f yrf sm; r[kwfbJ &Gmom;rsm;\\ b0wdk;wufaprI BudK;yrf;csufwpf&yfom jzpfcJhavonf/ aus;&Gmrsm;wGif pDrHudef;csNyD; aysmfrI&TifrIvkyfief;rsm; taumiftxnf azmf&efudpörSm awmaevlxktzdkY tpdrf;oufoufomjzpfaeao;onf/ uav;rsm;onf rdrdwdkY ueOD;i,f&G,fpOfb0wGifom pdwfvGwfudk,fvGwf aysm&f iT cf iG &hf Muvsuf toutf &,G f tweif ,&f vdS monEf iS whf NyKdief uf rrd wd Ykd rod m;pk pm;0waf ea&; vyk if e;f rsm; wiG f 0iaf &muyf g0ivf mMu&on/f vBlu;D rsm;twuG f pwd vf uaf ygyh g;pmG aeciG MhfuKHMuon/f t&,G af &muNfy;D onhf yt;kd rsm;taejzivhf n;f ,i;f upm;en;f rsK;d wiG f 0iyf g&ef oud m© rvwkH wMfuacs/ uav;rsm;EiS hf umvom;rsm;om vQif abmvHk;uefavh&Sdonf/ bkef;BuD;cGifhjyKygu bkef;BuD;ausmif;0if;twGif;ü upm;cGifh&Muonf/ A'k b¨ momwiG f *Pdk ;f *Prsm;&adS omvf n;f ½;kd om;onyhf t;kd rsm;twuG f taEmS ithf ,uS f rjzpaf pay/ yt;kd rsm;onf oueF ;f 0wvf mol reS of rQtm; ½akd oav;pm;orQ jyKMuon/f ,i;f w\\Ykd *Pdk ;f *Ptay:wiG f cjJGcm;ouf 0if,HkMunf udk;uG,fjcif;rsKd; jyKvkyfavhr&SdMuacs/ Ak'¨bmom us,fjyefYjcif;rSm tvGefcdkifrmawmifhwif;onfh omoemjyKvkyfief;aMumifhyif jzpfavonf/ A'k b¨ &k m;&iS uf ,dk üf yivf Qif rrd \\d omoemjyeyYf mG ;ap&ef &nof evf suf a'opm&cD &;D rsm; jyKvyk cf ohJ n/f tm&wS ukd f ta&US wciG f A'k b¨ momjyeEYf cYHS ohJ nrf mS omoemjyKrsm;\\ aqmi&f uG xf m;crhJ aI Mumihf jzpaf yon/f ,cvk u&f dS tajc taewiG rf l ,i;f oaYdk om omoemjyK tzUJG tpn;f rsm; vyI &f mS ;onuf kd rjri&f awmah cs/ tcsKUd a'otmPmyikd rf sm;u bkef;awmfBuD;rsm;tm; yifhzdwfvsuf omoemjyKcdkif;Muonf/ ,i;f twuG f tmPmyikd rf sm;onf bek ;f Bu;D rsm;vjkHcKHa&;twuG f wm0e,f Mlu&on/f ,cuk mvwiG rf l pwd f tveG xf uof eof nhf oCH mrsm;omvQif omoemjyKvyk if e;f rsm;wiG f pwd 0f ipf m;Muawmoh n/f ta&US buwf iG &f odS nhf bkef;BuD;wdkif;wGif bkef;BuD;wumrsm; toD;oD;&SdMuonf/ bkef;BuD;wumcHí &[ef;jyKay;jcif;jzifh ukodkvfrsm;pGm &&odS n[f k ,MkHunxf m;Muon/f ,ciuf mvrsm;wiG f &[e;f wumtjzpf rrd rd od m;puk om wm0e,f wl wMfuav onf/ ,ckumvwGifrl aiGaMu;csrf;omolrsm;onf rdrd\\ &ifaoG;om;rsm;tm; &[ef;rjyKbJ wyg;olrsm;tm; &[ef;jyKay;&if; &[ef;wum (bkef;BuD;wum)tjzpf cH,lMuavonf/ trsKd;tEG,fwl bmoma&;*dkPf;rsm;om &SdMuonfhtavsmuf bmoma&;qdkif&m ESdyfpufn§if;yrf;rIrsKd;udk Mum;z;l Mujci;f r&adS cs/ ujJGym;onqf okd nhf *Pdk ;f *Prsm;rmS vn;f owl \\Ykd pwd wf iG f 0g'ujJGym;avmuaf tmif jcm;em; r&I MdSuonrf [wk af y/ jyiyf bmomwpjfzpof nhf c&p,f meof moemrvS n;f ajymyavmuaf tmif rBu;D us,af o; acs/ ,if;twGuf ¤if;wdkYwGif pdwftaESmifht,Suf rjzpfMuay/ Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm;\\ t&if;cHusifhpOfjzpfonfh rdrd ukd,ftwGuf rdrdvkyfyg-[lonfhaqmifyk'fonf c&pf,mefbmom0ifjzpfvmap&ef t[efYtwm;jzpfaponf/ tveG pf wd \"f mwxf uof eof nhf rod m;ptk en;f tyg;omvQif c&p,f merf sm; jzpvf mMuon/f xpkd Ouf tyk f csKyof nhf tmPmyikd rf sm;rmS c&p,f merf sm;jzpof jzihf c&p,f mebf momukd tumtu,G af y;Eikd cf ohJ n/f jrerf mjynf vwG vf yaf &; &vmNy;D aemuyf ikd ;f wiG f tp;kd &twiG ;f tcsKUd Xmersm;onf c&p,f mebf mom0irf sm;tay: tjriwf prf sK;d cjJGcm;vmMuon/f oaYkd omf rtl m;jzihf vrl sK;d ra&;G ? bmomra&;G owrf wS cf ohJ n/f xMkdum;ryS if trsK;d om;pwd \"f mwf jrifhrm;vmonfESifhtrQ Ak'¨bmom0ifrsm;onf tvdktavsmuf opöm&Sdolrsm;tjzpf owfrSwfcHMu&onf/ ,ck pmwrf;jyKpkonfhumvwGif ,if;cGJjcm;rIrSm odomjrifom rjzpfvSao;[kyif rSwfcsufjyK&ayrnf/

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