202110247-TRIUMPH-STUDENT-WORKBOOK-SOCIAL_STUDIES-G09-PART1

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 3.2 Terminology 1. Feudalism: The system of political organization prevailing in Europe from 9th to 15th century, composed of a set reciprocal legal and military obligations among the warriors. SESSION 3. THE MARCH OF DEMOCRACY 299

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 3.3 Improve Your Learning Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Read the last paragraph of this chapter and answer the question. What is the new kind of democ- racy? [Refer to TB page 228 Q8] A. It is increasingly becoming clear to every body, that a democracy respects the freedom and rights of all citizens and it may be the best way to solve some of the complex problems the countries face. Today a new kind of democracy is being forged across the world in which even the poorest and the most vulnerable people will have a voice and will be able to influence policies and ensure justice and peace for all. Mapping Skills Q1. a) On the basis of these maps identify up to three countries (in some cases you won’t find three countries) that were democratic in these continents for the given years and make a table as given below. [Refer to TB pages 227, 228 Q1] Year Africa Asia Europe South America 1900 2011 SESSION 3. THE MARCH OF DEMOCRACY 300

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY b) Identify some African countries with democracy in 2011. 301 c) Make a list of big countries that were not democratic in 2011. SESSION 3. THE MARCH OF DEMOCRACY

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY A. a) Year Africa Asia Europe South America 1900 – – Spain, France. Peru, Chile, 2011 England, Argentina Norway. Germany Tanzania, India, Almost all Almost all Nigeria, Sudan, Pakistan, countries countries South Africa, Bangladesh, Namibia, Nepal, Botswana Russia 1. Asian countries: China, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Saudi Arabia etc., The above countries were not democratic in 2011. 3.4 Key Concepts i. In 20th century democracy became the slogan of anti–colonial struggles in Asia and Africa to build independent nations. ii. During the 20th century Communist system was formed. SESSION 3. THE MARCH OF DEMOCRACY 302

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Column B Very Short Answer Type Questions a. Communist system 1. Match the following. b. Elections Column A i. 1962 c. Modern democracy d. Aung San ii. 1947 e. General Ne Win iii. 1951 iv. 20th Century v. 17th Century 2. Match the following. Column B Column A a. Gaddaffi i. USSR dissolved b. Burma ii. Nobel Prize iii. National league for democracy c. Suu–kyi iv. RCC d. Aung San v. Father of Aung San Suu–Kyi e. 1991 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) Expand R.C.C (ii) When was the new government established in Libya? CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 303

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY (iii) In what way R.C.C wanted to develop Libya? (iv) Who led Burma towards Independence? (v) Why it was difficult to encourage democratic participation of all people in Libya? (vi) Who is Aung san? (vii) What were the factors because of which tribal way was slowly getting eroded? CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 304

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY (viii) What is Autonomy? (ix) Expand U.S.S.R? (x) Why were revolutionary Councils appointed? 4. Fill in the blanks. (xi) Libya became free after a long struggle in . (xii) were established in Burma by army General Ne Win. (xiii) In 1969 Libya was declared as a republic. (xiv) sanctions are used to bring pressure on the rulers. (xv) Most of the people in were poor nomadic and animal herders and illiterates. (xvi) Aung San Suu kyi was awarded the Nobel Prize for in 1991. CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 305

(xvii) The R.C.C was very intolerant of CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY and . (xviii) appeared to create the framework for just settlement of social system and distinct problems. (xix) Modern name of Burma is . Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What were the reforms which led to the rapid growth of Libya by Gadaffi Govt? (ii) What do you understand about the Arab Spring? CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 306

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY Long Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) How students and youth played an important role in bringing democracy to Burma? AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 7. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) What changes are being considered as the beginning of democracy in Burma? AS5-Mapping Skills 307 Long Answer Type Questions CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Locate the following on map of the world. a) USSR b) England c) China d) Vietnam (ii) Locate the following on the map of the world. a) Cuba b) Ukraine c) Estonia d) Poland CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 308

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 9. Choose the correct answer. (i) In 1959 vast reserves of Petroleum were found in (A) Burma (B) India (C) Pakistan (D) Libya (ii) Average life expectancy in Libya increased from 50 years to _______. (A) 60 years (B) 70 Years (C)77 years (D)40 years (iii) In Libya literacy rate for both men and women is over _____ today. (A) 90% (B) 100% (C) 80% (D) 78% (iv) The democratic bodies had to implement the decisions of leaders. (A) elected (B) nominated (C) non–elected (D) political (v) A war within a country among different people, parties or regions is . (A) Civil war (B) Cold war (C)Proxy war (D)World war (vi) Burma was a colony of the (B) Russia (A) French (C) British (D) German CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 309

CHAPTER 17- EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY (vii) was kept under house arrest in Burma. (A) Aung San Suu Kyi (B) Md. Gaddaffi (C)Aung San (D)General Ne Win (viii) Elections were held in 2010 in Burma under the observation of . (A) League of Nations (B) World Health Organization (C)United Nations (D)Election Commission (ix) Industrialization and Colonialism created condition all over the world which favoured ideas. (A) Socialistic (B) Communist (C) Democratic (D) Aristocratic (x) In countries like military dictatorship and democratic rule kept coming in cycles. (A) USA (B) India (C) Pakistan (D) UK CHAPTER 17. EXPANSION OF DEMOCRACY 310

18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA SESSION 1 RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT AND INCLUSIVENESS 1.1 Mind Map 1.2 Terminology 1. USSR : It was a union of 15 soviets. USSR stands for “Union of Soviet Socialist Republics”. The USSR was a Socialist state that existed from 1922 to 1991, Consisting of Russia and many surrounding countries. SESSION 1. RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT AND INCLUSIVENESS 311

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 1.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. How does democracy produce an accountable, responsive and legitimate government? [Refer to TB page 238 Q1] A. i. Democracy is a political system in which all the members of the society have an equal share of formal political power. ii. Democracy produces an accountable, responsive and legitimate government. Accountable : Democracy produces a government which is accountable to its people. It is the basic outcome of democracy. It will produce a government which responds to people. It derives its power from the people as the latter vote them to power. Responsive: Democracy produces a government which responds to all the demands and needs of different people. If they do not respond to people’s needs they will lose their credibility and hence, support of the people too. Legitimate : In democracy, elections are conducted, through which people select their represen- tatives. If they do not react to their demands, people choose another representative in the next elections. Appreciation and Sensitivity Q1. Give some examples which prove that democracy is practiced in our schools. [Refer to TB page 239 Q12] A. Democracy is the best situation for any human being. In a democracy, complete development of child is possible, especially in a country like India, where social bondage prevailed for centuries. Issues like untouchability, class–bias or gender bias still have its remnants scattered over in the present social structure. The efforts on part of the largest democracy in the world , like India have been trying hard to remove these anomalies from society and has succeeded to a great extent especially for the younger generation of the country. No more, the students are being segregated based on their caste or religion. In a school, they are all equal. Their surname no longer creates that drift between them and their peers. Competitions in the field of various forms like arts, science etc., are open to all. No separate area of lunch for the forward or backward class. No class division in schools. Preferences are being given to students from SC or STs, but they remain in the official records only. Open discrimination are long forgotten. Hence, we can say that democracy is practiced in its healthiest form in schools. SESSION 1. RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT AND INCLUSIVENESS 312

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 1.4 Key Concepts i. In the System of Democracy, the government and has their authority from the people. ii. The elected government functionaries are answerable to the people. iii. Any citizen has a right to demand information about any work done by the government. Initially only a few propertied men could participate by voting. iv. The first large country to give universal voting rights to its people, was the USSR after the Russian Revolution in 1917. v. Democracy is based on fundamental principles of political equality and inclusiveness. SESSION 1. RESPONSIBLE GOVERNMENT AND INCLUSIVENESS 313

SESSION 2 ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBERTIES 2.1 Mind Map 2.2 Terminology 1. Public discussions: Free and open discussion on some questions of public interest. 2. Civil liberties: A person’s rights to be subject only to laws established for the good of the community especially with regard to freedom of action and speech. 3. Social and economic equality: Economy in which all of the inhabitants are equally wealthy and have the same status in the economy. Social equality is a social state of affairs in which all people within a specific society are equal. It includes equal rights under the law. SESSION 2. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBE... 314

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 2.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. Studies on political and social inequalities in democracy show that [Refer to TB page 238 Q5] A. democracy and development go together. B. inequalities exist in democracies C. inequalities do not exist under dictatorship D. dictatorship is better than democracy. A. Inequalities exist in democracies Q2. Here is some information about six countries. Based on this information, how would you classify each of these countries. Write “democratic” “undemocratic” or “not sure” against each of these. [Refer to TB page 239 Q6] Country A : People who do not accept the country’s official religion and do not have a right to vote. Country B : The same party has been winning elections for the last twenty years. Country C : Ruling party has lost in the last three elections. Country D : The Parliament cannot pass a law about the army without the consent of the Chief of Army. Country E : The Parliament cannot pass a law reducing the powers of the judiciary. Country F : All the major economic decisions about the country are taken by officials of the Central Bank which the Ministers can’t change. A. Country A : Undemocratic Country B : Not sure Country C : Democratic. SESSION 2. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBE... 315

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA Country D : Undemocratic Country E : Not Sure Country F : Undemocratic Q3. Each of these statements contains a democratic and an undemocratic element. Write out the two separately for each statement. [Refer to TB page 239 Q7] A. Minister said that some laws have to be passed by the Parliament in order to conform to the regulations decided by the World Trade Organisation. B. The Election Commission ordered re-polling in a constituency where large scale rigging was reported. C. Women’s representation in the Parliament has never reached 10 percent. This led women’s organisations to demand one-third seats for women. A. A. Passing of laws by the Parliament is democratic. Passing regulations by World Trade Organisation is undemocratic. B . Re–polling in a constituency is democratic. Rigging is undemocratic. C . Demand by women’s organisation to reserve 1/3 seats for women is democratic whereas less than 10% women’s representation in the Parliament is undemocratic. Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Give arguments to support or oppose the following assertions. [Refer to TB page 238 Q3] A. Industrialised countries can afford democracy but the poor need dictatorship to become rich. B. Democracy can’t reduce inequality of incomes between different citizens. C. Government in poor countries should spend less on poverty reduction, health, education and spend more on industries and infrastructure. SESSION 2. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBE... 316

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA D. In democracy all citizens have one vote, which means that there is absence of any domination and conflict. A. A. i. It is just not necessary that poor need dictatorship to become rich. ii. In dictatorships only a certain group of people are getting benefitted, so a democracy is the best form of government to develop individually and collectively. B. i. Though inequalities exist in democratic countries, it is comparatively less than other forms of government. ii. In democracies the government is concentrating on reducing inequalities between the peo- ple, it is not so in other forms of government C. i. The government should always first concentrate on health and education, because these are the two basic things which a human should possess to bring in changes and accept changes. ii. So instead of industries they should spend more on education and health. D. i. A certain age is prescribed to get the right to vote. At the age of 18 all citizens will have the right to vote. ii. So there is no question of domination and conflict. SESSION 2. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBE... 317

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 2.4 Key Concepts i. If the society is divided into unequal sections of rich and poor or high caste and dalits then the political equalities will become meaningless. ii. The elections must offer a real choice between political alternatives. iii. To assess a democracy, it is important to look before and after the elections. iv. This requires that the state should respect civil liberties of the citizens. v. A democracy must be based on a free and fair election where those currently in power have a fair chance of losing. vi. Democracies also need to safeguard the interests of those who hold opinion contrary to the majority of the people. vii. The biggest challenge before democracy is to deal with people who hold opinions against democracy itself – those who think that democracy has to be replaced by some kind of dic- tatorship. viii. A democratic government rules within limits set by constitutional law and citizens rights. SESSION 2. ACTIVE PARTICIPATION OF CITIZENS AND CIVIL LIBE... 318

SESSION 3 MAJORITARIAN VS. INCLUSIVE: SRILANKA AND BELGIUM 3.1 Mind Map SESSION 3. MAJORITARIAN VS. INCLUSIVE: SRILANKA AND BELGIUM 319

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 3.2 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. What are the conditions under which democracies accommodate social diversities? [Refer to TB page 238 Q2] A. Under the following circumstances democracies accommodate social diversities: 1. Democracy accomodate all the social diversity by giving equal rights and freedom to the people of all groups. 2. The majority always needs to work with minority so that government functions to represent the general views. 3. It is important to ensure that the rule of majority does not represent the people majority group only. the majority group needs to work in harmony with the minority groups in a way that interests and concerns af all groups are taken care of. Q2. In the context of assessing democracy which among the following is odd one out. Democracies need to ensure. [Refer to TB page 238 Q4] A) Free and fair elections B) dignity of the individual C) Majority rule D) Equal treatment before law. A. C –Majority Rule Mapping Skills Q1. Locate the following countries in the world map. [Refer to TB page 239 Q9] 1 ˙Sri lanka 2. Belgium 3.Russia 4. America (USA) SESSION 3. MAJORITARIAN VS. INCLUSIVE: SRILANKA AND BELGIUM 320

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA A. 3.3 Key Concepts i. Sri Lanka, an island nation, south of India, too has a diverse population. Most of the Sin- hala–speaking people are Buddhists, Tamils are Hindus or Muslims. ii. In Sri Lanka, post its independence in 1948, the leaders of the Sinhala community sought to secure dominance over government by virtue of their majority. Sinhala was made the only official language, disregarding Tamil. iii. The Sri Lankan Tamils launched parties and struggled for equal status. Autonomy to provinces populated by the Tamils was repeatedly denied. iv. By 1980s several political organizations were formed, it soon turned into a civil war. v. In the final war the Sri Lankan army defeated the LTTE, established a brutal control over Tamil People. vi. Belgium is a small country in Europe. Of the total population, 59 per cent live in the Flemish region and speaks Dutch language. vii. Another 40 per cent people speak French, remaining one per cent of the Belgians speak Ger- man. viii. The Belgian leaders recognized the existence of regional differences and cultural diversities and respected each section of the country without any malice. The country is functioning beautifully. SESSION 3. MAJORITARIAN VS. INCLUSIVE: SRILANKA AND BELGIUM 321

SESSION 4 DIGNITY AND FREEDOM OF CITIZENS 4.1 Mind Map 4.2 Terminology 1. Internal conflicts: It is confilct of ideas, principles and aims and objectives of people belonging to different regions or parties. SESSION 4. DIGNITY AND FREEDOM OF CITIZENS 322

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 4.3 Improve Your Learning Conceptual Understanding Q1. What are the reasons for the people to fight for democracy? [Refer to TB page 239 Q11] A. People prefer democracy, because 1) It promotes equality between the citizens of the country. 2) It uphelds dignity. 3) It has methods to resolve conflicts. 4) There are open public debates on major issues. 5) It improves the quality of decision-making. 6) It gives rights to people to get information about public administration. So, people always fight for democracy. Reading the Text, Understanding and Interpretation Q1. Read the first two paragraphs under the subheading ‘Dignity and freedom of the citizens and answer the following questions. Write about the dignity and freedom of citizens in a democratic country? [Refer to TB page 239 Q10] A. Democracy is a form of government which promotes the dignity and freedom of individuals, 1) In democracy people have the freedom to choose their representatives on the basis of Univer- sal Adult Franchise. 2) Most societies across the world are historically male-dominated. Equal treatment of women is one of the necessary requirement of a democratic society. Thus, the status of women in demo- cratic countries has improved tremendously. 3) In a non- democratic set up there is no legal basis for freedom and dignity of individuals. 4) Democracy transforms people from the status of subjects under a king to the status of citizens with rights and duties. 5) Many fundamental rights are guaranteed to citizens in a democratic country. SESSION 4. DIGNITY AND FREEDOM OF CITIZENS 323

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Q1. Write a response to the following arguments against democracy. [Refer to TB page 239 Q8] A) Army is the most disciplined and corruption free organisation in the country. Therefore army should rule the country. B) Rule of the majority means the rule of ignorant people. What we need is the rule of the wise, even if they are in small numbers. C) If we want religious leaders to guide us in spiritual matters, why not invite them to guide us in politics as well. The country should be ruled by religious leaders. A. A) It is against democracy. Army alone can never bring in discipline, rather it would create more dissatisfaction. We should bring structural changes in the attitude of the people. So that we can reduce corruption gradually in a country. B) The basic element of democracy is majority opinion. If the people really know about democratic ideals they can participation in a better way in administration. So majority opinion is better than minority. Rule of majority is democratic because it represents the views of all sections of the society. C) As India is a secular country, no special importance to any particular religion is given. Ruling a country by religious leaders is meaningless. If they rule the country, people may feel that the persons who belong to that particular religion are trying to push their own religious ideas on to them. So, religious leaders should only spread and propagate religious matters and never try to become rulers. 4.4 Key Concepts i. Between 1970 and 1993, Belgian leaders amended their constitution four times so as to work out an arrangement. Apart from the Central and the State Government, there is a third kind of government called, ‘community government’. ii. This government has the power regarding cultural, educational and language–related issues. iii. Democracy stands much superior to any other form of government in promoting dignity and freedom of the individual. iv. Every individual wants to receive respect from the fellow beings. v. The passion for respect and freedom are the basis of democracy. vi. Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of the disadvantaged and discriminated castes for equal opportunity. vii. Most individuals believe today that their vote makes a difference to the way the government will run. SESSION 4. DIGNITY AND FREEDOM OF CITIZENS 324

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA —— CCE Based Practice Questions —— AS1-Conceptual Understanding Very Short Answer Type Questions 1. Match the following. Column A Column B i. USA allowed white women to vote a. 1893 ii. Discrimination against Black citizens ended b. 1965 iii. Equal right of vote in Fiji c. 1930 iv. Voting rights in New Zealand d. 2013 v. Mexico became independent e. 1920 2. Match the following. Column A Column B i. Robert Mugabe a. ZANU–PF ii. Zimbabwe ruled by b. Zimbabwe iii. LTTE c. Belgium iv. Brussels d. Democracy v. Elections e. Sri Lanka 3. Answer the following questions in one sentence. (i) What is Democracy? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 325

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (ii) What is the main function of democratic government? (iii) What is the biggest challenge before democracy? (iv) What are civil liberties? (v) What stipulates to protect Buddhism in Sri lanka? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 326

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (vi) What helps governments to remain in power? (vii) What were the results of civil war in Sri Lanka? (viii) How can we attain true democracy? (ix) What is the basis of democracy? 4. Fill in the blanks. in elections is an indicator. (x) In Democracy the CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 327

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (xi) are controlled by the government to give only the ruling party’s version in Zimbabwe. (xii) In many countries even the elected government do not encourage . (xiii) is a small country in Europe. (xiv) Restrictions on help governments to remain in power. (xv) The tension between Dutch and French speaking communities was more acute in . (xvi) In most of the media is owned by very rich corporate houses or media barons. (xvii) is an island nation to the south of India. (xviii) was known to use many unfair means to win elections in Mexico. (xix) Most societies across the world have been historically dominated. Short Answer Type Questions 5. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) Why do people who migrate from other countries not have voting powers? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 328

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (ii) Why was Brussels chosen as headquarters for Belgium? AS4-Reflection on Contemporary Issues and Questioning Short Answer Type Questions 6. Answer the following questions in 3-4 sentences. (i) How can you say that Universal Adult Franchise or Adult suffrage is promoted in India? Long Answer Type Questions 329 CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 7. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) What are the problems of democracy? AS5-Mapping Skills Long Answer Type Questions 8. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) Locate the following on the map of the world. a) China b) China c) USSR d) England e) South Africa f) Brazil g) United States CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 330

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (ii) Locate the following on the map of the world. a) New Zealand b) Denmark c) France d) Belgium e) U.K (iii) Read the map and answer the following questions. Walloon (French-speaking) 331 Flerrish (Dutch-speaking) Brusseis - Capital Region German-speaking i. Which is a small country in Europe? Which country map is this? ii. What is mentioned/shown in above map? iii. What is the capital city of this country? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA iv. What are the languages spoken in this country? v. Which language dominates in the capital city? (iv) Read the map and answer the following questions. i. Which communities brought civil war in Sri Lanka? 332 ii. What are the communities present in Sri Lanka? iii. Which is the majority community in Sri Lanka? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA v. Who were treated as minorities? v Sri Lanka is known as an . AS6-Appreciation and Sensitivity Long Answer Type Questions 9. Answer the following questions in 6-8 sentences. (i) How can you say democracy is the best form of government in India? CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 333

CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA Objective Questions AS1-Conceptual Understanding 10. Choose the correct answer. (i) In a country, the power of the elected representatives would be supreme. (A) capitalist (B) socialist (C) democratic (D) monarchy (ii) Discrimination against Black citizens in USA was abolished only in ________. (A) 1935 (B) 1985 (C) 1965 (D) 1596 (iii) The first large country to give universal voting rights to its citizens was (A) USSR (B) USA (C) India (D) Australia (iv) In a democracy, each adult citizen must have vote. (A) One (B) Two (C) Three (D)All the above (v) More than _____ of people of USA did not vote for the Presidential election of 2012. (A) 30% (B) 60% (C) 20% (D) 40% (vi) Most of the government decisions were kept secret from _________. (A) Opposition (B) People (C)Own party (D) President CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 334

(vii) In CHAPTER 18- DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA (A) Portugal opposition parties did contest election but never managed to win. (B) Pakistan (C) Mexico (D) Fiji (viii) Robert Mugabe has been ruling __________since Independence. (A) Zambia (B) Rhodesia (C) Zimbabwe (D) Pakistan (ix) In _______, parliament is called as Quanguo Renmin Daibiao Dahui. (A) Thailand (B) China (C) Myanmar (D) Dutch (x) was made the only official language in Sri Lanka. (A) Sinhala (B) Tamil (C) Hindi (D) English CHAPTER 18. DEMOCRACY: AN EVOLVING IDEA 335

PROJECT BASED QUESTIONS —— Project Based Questions —— (i) Collect the pictures of the paintings of Leonardo Da Vinci and paste them in your scrapbook. (ii) Gather information about the famous personalities who fought for social justice, equality and freedom in 17th and 18th centuries. Collect their images and write brief notes about them. Also write about what you learned from them. (iii) Divide your class into two groups and hold a debate on the topic ‘Nation – building process can be accomplished in a liberal democracy only.’ One group will be in favour of this statement and the other will defy it being in the favour of monarchy. (iv) Find out the map of Germany of 1866 –1871 and compare it with the present map of Germany. Do you find any difference? Write about the changes that you notice in your notebook. (v) Find out about two major rain bearing winds: Monsoon and Western disturbance. Trace their path and origin and locate on the map of world. Find out how they are important for agriculture in India and make a presentation in your class. (vi) Find out about the countries where there is struggle for the establishment of democracy. Gather information about the prominent leaders who are leading this fight for democracy. Write brief notes and maintain a file of their pictures and newspaper cuttings. Use sources such as news- papers, magazines, news channels, internet etc. (vii) Hold a debate in your class on the topic ‘India is a democratic country in a true sense’. Divide your class into two groups – one will speak in favour of this statement and the other will speak against it. Project Based Questions 336

India Politieal Map c)