ISAN CULTURAL ROUTES

Have fun shopping at the Tha Sadet Market, a popular market that is endowed with local and Indo-Chinese products including silk products and snacks. The Market also doubles as a pier for boats that cross the Mekong River to Lao PDR. If time allows, cross the First Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge to explore a variety of interesting attractions in Vientiane of Lao PDR.; such as, Phrathat Luang Vientiane and Wat Phra Kaeo. Tha Sadet Market Crossing the First Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge to Vientiane of Lao PDR. Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 depending on the passport of origin. Operating Hours: Every day 6.00 a.m. – 10.00 p.m. Visitors can enjoy another form of travel to Lao PDR. by taking a train from Nong Khai Railway Station to Tha Na Laeng of Vientiane. Festival Tak Bat Thewo and Long-boat Races At the end of Buddhist Lent (around October), the locals gather at Wat Pho Chai for a Tak Bat Thewo (offering alms to the monks) activity in the morning. In the afternoon, people from all over Nong Khai province and Lao PDR. compete in long-boat races to show the friendship between the two countries. After lunch, visit Hat Chom Mani to witness Hat Chom Mani the 200-metre-long beach that extends to the Mekong River. It is best to visit Hat Chom Mani during the dry season (around April) because that is when the low water level would reveal the beautiful sandy beach. 150 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Festival Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival Organised in the 7th lunar month (around June), the Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival features a Bang Fai (rocket) contest, the launching of the Bang Fai, as well as a performance enacting the legend of the Naga fireballs. Continue to Amphoe Tha Bo to visit Wat Si Chomphu Ong Tue and pay respect to Luangpho Phrachao Ong Tue, a seated Buddha image in the subduing Mara posture measuring 3.29 metres wide and 4 metres high. Highly revered by both the Thai and Lao people, the bronze Buddha image showcases the exquisite skill of the ancient craftsmen. Proceed to Amphoe Si Chiang Mai and explore Wat Aranyabanphot, a temple dedicated to Luangpu Rian Woralapho, a respected monk who passed away in 2005. Visitors can find sculptures of Luangpu Rian inside a Wihan (image hall) and a Mondop (square-based building with a pyramidal roof), and Phra Sutham Chedi Wat Aranyabanphot, which is a museum that displays the biography, teachings, and personal belongings of Luangpu Rian. Then, call in at Wat Hin Mak Peng, a temple and a Dhamma retreat established by Luangpu Thet Thetrangsi, to enjoy a moment of peace and quiet and to pay respect to the sculpture and ashes of Luangpu Thet Thetrangsi that are enshrined in the Chedi. Spend time at Ban Wang Nam Mok, which is a peaceful village where visitors can enjoy walking along the nature Wat Aranyabanphot trail or cycling around the village, observe the villagers working on making hand-woven fabric, and learn about the local way of life through a homestay experience. Before leaving, purchase the popular local handmade product of this village called ‘Pha Laeng’ lamp as a souvenir. NAEM Nueang A trip to Nong Khai province would not be complete without trying the delicious ‘Naem Nueang’ (a delicious Vietnamese dish made of pork and vegetables wrapped in rice noodles and topped with spicy and sweet sauce). 151 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 2 Set off to Wat Pha Tak Suea in Amphoe Sangkhom to pay respect to the Lord Buddha’s relics. The temple, situated on the Phu Phan Noi Mountain range, also offers a spectacular view of the Mekong River. Here, visitors can create an unforgettable memory by walking along the U-shaped skywalk with a glass floor and walls to view the stunning natural surroundings. While visiting Amphoe Sangkhom, visitors are also recommended to take a boat trip to observe the beautiful scenery along the Mekong River. Depart Nong Khai province and travel to Amphoe Chiang Khan of Loei province. Through this route, visitors can enjoy the picturesque views of the Mekong River with the mountain ranges in the background along the way. The first destination to visit is Wat Phra Phutthabat Phu Khwai Ngoen, which enshrines the Lord Buddha’s footprint on a whetstone measuring 120 centimetres long and 65 centimetres wide. One of the most famous landmarks of Chiang Wat Phra Phutthabat Phu Khwai Ngoen Khan, Kaeng Khutkhu is a large cataract in the middle of the Mekong River that consists of rocks of various sizes and shapes that have been submerged under the water for a long time. A boat trip along Kaeng Khutkhu is available for visitors to get a closer look at this natural phenomenon. The rapids at Kaeng Khutkhu are particularly beautiful at sunrise when the rays of light reflect on the rocks and water. The best time to visit Kaeng Khutkhu is between February and May, as the lower levels of water reveal the picturesque cataract. Kaeng Khutkhu

Take a lunch break and travel to Wat Tha Khaek, an ancient temple that was constructed in 1666. Legend has it that the men on the Thai territory built this temple in a competition against the women who built Wat Pha Hot on the Lao territory. However, there is another story stating that Phraya Suwan Banlang built Wat Pha Hot to store his late father’s relics, while the name ‘Wat Tha Khaek’ derives from ‘Tha Khae’ (crocodile pier) as there were many crocodiles in the area. Wat Tha Khaek There are countless shops and stalls selling Maphrao Kaeo (glazed coconut) along the road from Kaeng Khutkhu to Wat Tha Khaek. Visitors can observe the making as well as tasting of the freshly-made sweet coconut at the shop. Spend the rest of the afternoon learning how to make Phi Khon Nam Mask at Ban Ton La. ‘Phi Khon Nam’ mask is a mask that is used in the ‘Phi Khon Nam Festival’ that has been celebrated for hundreds of years to worship the village’s guardian spirits and ask for plentiful rain during the farming season. The mask is made from wood with a pair of horns, paper strips that symbolise the rain, and the coloured glass that represents the third eye that enables the God to see the Festival and grant the wishes. Tai Dam House of Museum Day 3 This morning, travel to Ban Na Pa Nat and spend time at the Tai Dam House of Museum to learn about the unique cultural heritage of the Thai Dam community that has been preserved and handed down through many generations. Visitors can participate in the Paeng Khwan Ceremony (spirit warming ceremony), observe the Tai Dam Community’s Way of Life, visit the Tai Dam Cultural Centre and the Tai Dam Weaving Group and purchase beautiful woven cloth as a souvenir. Another interesting activity is making ‘Tum Nok Tum Nu’, colourful objects made for auspiciousness and to drive away evil. Enjoy authentic Tai Dam dishes for lunch, and then leave Ban Na Pa Nat and head to Chiang Khan. 153 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Chiang Khan was a trading city with Sanakham District of Lao PDR. and other cities along the Mekong River. When the road network replaced the river route, the market- place with long rows of timber houses was left deserted. As time passed, a group of artists and tourists discovered the charm of this small and slow-paced city and Chiang Khan became a popular destination amongst local and international travellers. Pha Sat Loi Khro Niyomthai House of Quilted Blankets Visitors are recommended to spend the afternoon exploring Chiang Khan and experiencing the slow-paced way of life by the Mekong River. Start with the Pha Sat Loi Khro activity, which is an inherited tradition of the Chiang Khan locals where they make a Pha Sat (floating vessel made of banana stalks and decorated with flowers) and launch it into the river in the belief that misfortune and bad luck can be floated away. A local wisdom that has been practised in Chiang Khan for many generations is making hand- sewn cotton quilts, and visitors can observe the making process and buy the products as a souvenir at Niyomthai House of Quilted Blankets. Then, relax your muscles and relieve the tension from the long drive with a traditional Chiang Khan style Thai massage at the Yong Sen House of Traditional Massage. 154 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Take some time to visit a few of the beautiful ancient temples in Chiang Khan to observe the exquisite architecture and Buddhist art. Begin with Wat Maha That, the oldest temple that was built in 1654. Here, visitors can observe ancient mural paintings and pay homage to Luangpho Yai, a Buddha image highly revered by the locals. Then, call in at Wat Si Khun Mueang, the second oldest temple built in 1656 featuring a magnificent Ubosot (ordination hall) in the Lan Xang style of architecture in which the front door is guarded by 2 Yakshas (giant demons) from the Ramakian (Thailand’s version of the Ramayana Epic). Continue to Wat Tha Khok, another ancient temple built in 1852, which showcases a combination of Vietnamese, French and Thai architecture. Wat Maha That Wat Si Khun Mueang Visitors can then relive the olden days of Chiang Khan by strolling or cycling along the main road to observe the century-old wooden houses. A pathway that runs along the Mekong River is also where visitors can enjoy taking a stroll or cycling to view the picturesque scenery, which is especially beautiful during sunset. Boat Trips along the Mekong River Visitors can enjoy the water-based journey along the Mekong River from the pier on Chai Khong Road. The best time for the boat trip is 4.00 – 5.00 p.m. End the day by taking a walk along the Chiang Khan Walking Street, which is especially lively during weekends and public holidays. Visitors can find guesthouses, restaurants, coffee shops, and souvenir shops selling all kinds of products ranging from postcards to local textiles and T-shirts, lining the street. Mekong River in Chiang Khan

Chiang Khan’s Delicacies Chiang Khan is endowed with a variety of local delicacies including ‘Tam Sua Dong Daeng’ (papaya salad with dong daeng noodles). The riverside restaurants serve menus made of fish from the Mekong River; such as, deep-fried giant catfish, whereas the stalls along the Walking Street offer such mouth-watering items as Phat Thai, spring rolls, and Khao Chi (grilled sticky rice). Day 4 Rise early and join the locals in their alms-giving activity, in which the procession of monks walk down the street and the almsgiver then scoops a small portion of sticky rice from the bamboo basket and places it into the monk’s bowl. This ritual involves the offering of only sticky rice, not any other kinds of food or money, as the other items of food are later presented to the monks at the temple after the alms-rounds. Alms-giving Activity The first activity of the day, giving alms is done in silence and the whole process is very quick. It is important to dress appropriately by keeping your shoulders and legs covered. Please remove your shoes, kneel when giving alms, and remember not to touch the monks or their bowls. Exploring Chiang Khan would not be complete without a visit to the morning market to enjoy various kinds of Chiang Khan-style breakfast including Khao Chi, Pathongo Yat Sai (filled crispy dough), Khao Piak Sen (noodle soup), and Khao Pun Nam Chaeo (rice noodle in spicy soup). After breakfast, leave for Amphoe Tha Li to visit the Ban Na Kraseng Rattan Weaving Village, a peaceful village by the Hueang River. The local villagers have been preserving and passing on their local wisdom in weaving rattan into all Khao Piak Sen kinds of furniture and tools through the generations. Visitors can watch the demonstration of making rattan furniture as well as purchase the products as a souvenir. 156 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Travel to the Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge across the Hueang River, a 363-metre long bridge that connects Amphoe Tha Li of Thailand and Sainyabuli province of Lao PDR. Crossing the bridge allows visitors to enjoy taking photos of the Mekong Gate, duty-free shopping, and travel further to Luang Prabang. Crossing the Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge across the Hueang River Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo Fee depends on the passport of origin. Operating Hours: Every day 8.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Call in at Wat Lat Pu Song Tham to pay homage to Phrathat Satcha or the Chedi of the Truthful Pledge. One of the most sacred Chedis in Loei province, Phrathat Satcha features a 7-tiered umbrella of sovereignty on the top and blossoming lotus with 3 layers of petals around the Chedi. Make a trip to Amphoe Na Haeo to Wat Si Pho Chai, a temple around 400 years old that contains a stunning Ubosot with the similar architectural style as the one at Wat Chiang Thong in Luang Phrabang. The Ubosot houses a Buddha image named Luangpho Phet and other precious items related to Buddhism. Wat Si Pho Chai Festival Giant Flower Tree Ceremony For over 100 years, Wat Si Pho Chai has been hosting the event during the Thai New Year (13-15 April) period, in which the biggest tree in the world made of wild flowers by the villagers is carried 3 times around the Ubosot before the ceremony. Stop by at Phrathat Din Thaen to witness one of the most unique Chedis in Thailand. A symbol of faith, Phrathat Din Thaen was made of soil by the villagers of Ban Saeng Pha in 1603. Story has it that a pilgrim came to this village, taught the Five Precepts to the villagers, and asked them for a helping hand in constructing the Chedi. To worship Phrathat Din Thaen, worshippers must not wear shoes or step on the Chedi, must not kill, and must not be involved in black magic. 157 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Take a lunch break and then visit Wat Pho Chai Na Phueng that contains an ancient Ubosot that showcases a stunning combination of Lanna and Lan Xang art. The Ubosot also features exquisite ancient murals, both inside and outside the hall, depicting the life of the Lord Buddha. Continue to Amphoe Dan Sai to visit Wat Phon Chai, an ancient temple with an Ubosot that houses a highly revered Buddha image of Dan Sai named ‘Luangpho Yai’, which is around 400 years old. Located within the temple’s grounds is the Phi Ta Khon Museum, which is where visitors can learn about the history and tradition of Phi Ta Khon through the exhibition of pictures and models wearing Phi Ta Khon costumes. Visitors can enjoy drawing and painting Phi Ta Khon masks, as well as purchase items related to Phi Ta Khon; such as, Phi Ta Khon masks, key chains, and T-shirts. Wat Phon Chai & Phi Ta Khon Museum Phi Ta Khon The origin of Phi Ta Khon is unclear, but the best known explanation is that it originated from a Buddhist Jataka with the procession to welcome Prince Vessantara (who is believed to be the last incarnation before the last rebirth of Buddha) and his consort, back to town from the forest. The ghosts and animals followed the procession and are called ‘Phi Tam Khon’, which means ‘ghost follows humans’. Over time, it became ‘Phi Ta Khon’ as it is known today. Festival The Bun Luang and Phi Ta Khon Festival Held annually around June, the Festival features a parade of Phi Ta Khon that moves around the city and accompanied by Northeastern-style dance and music. Visitors are invited to join the procession, as well as join the locals at the temple to listen to the 13 chapters of the ‘Maha Chat’ or the Great Birth sermon. 158 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Phrathat Si Song Rak Proceed to Phrathat Si Song Rak, the centre of faith for the people in Dan Sai and one of the most significant historical sites in Loei province. Constructed in 1560 and finished in 1563, Phrathat Si Song Rak was built as a symbol of good faith and friendship between Krung Si Ayutthaya of Thailand and Krung Si Sattana Khanahut of Lao PDR. The Chedi has become the symbol off the strong relationship that has lasted for over 450 years. Offering red objects or flowers, and wearing or carrying anything red in the area of Phrathat Si Song Rak is prohibited because red symbolises blood and violence, a contradiction of the purpose of the Chedi, which is friendship and unity. Finish the trip by visiting Wat Neramit Wipatsana, which houses a magnificent Ubosot made of laterite. Here, visitors can pay homage to a replica of a highly revered Buddha image named ‘Phra Phuttha Chinnarat’ as well as observe the stunning murals that took the Dan Sai artists 8 years to finish the painting. Contact Information Tha Sadet Market N17° 53.133’ E102° 44.833’ Nong Khai Rim Khong Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai, Nong Khai Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai Every day 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Phrathat Bang Phuan First Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge N17° 44.650’ E102° 40.883’ N17° 52.523’ E102° 42.963’ 172 Ban Don Mu, Tambon Phrathat Bang Phuan, Ban Chom Mani, Tambon Michai, Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai, Nong Khai Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai, Nong Khai Passport with at least 6 months validity and Phrathat La Nong (Phrathat Klang Nam) one passport-size photo N17° 53.933’ E102° 46.133’ Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 Rim Khong Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, depending on the passport of origin Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai, Nong Khai Every day 6.00 a.m. – 10.00 p.m. Wat Pho Chai Hat Chom Mani N17° 53.083’ E102° 45.433’ N17° 52.600’ E102° 42.800’ 873 Mu 10, Soi Phra Sai, Prachak Sinlapakhom Ban Chom Mani, Tambon Michai, Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Amphoe Mueang Nong Khai, Nong Khai Nong Khai, Nong Khai 159 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Amphoe Tha Bo Wat Tha Khaek N17° 54.294’ E101° 40.999’ Wat Si Chomphu Ong Tue Tambon Chiang Khan, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei N17° 52.583’ E102° 34.533’ Ban Nam Mong, Tambon Nam Mong, Phi Khon Nam Mask at Ban Ton La Amphoe Tha Bo, Nong Khai N17° 53.568’ E101° 39.550’ 70/8 Soi 17 Bon, Tambon Chiang Khan, Amphoe Si Chiang Mai Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Phairin Kaeokanya Wat Aranyabanphot +66 (9) 3105 3611 N17° 57.933’ E102° 30.017’ Every day 9.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Si Chiang Mai – Sangkhom Road, Tambon Ban Mo, Remark: Please make an appointment one day Amphoe Si Chiang Mai, Nong Khai in advance. Wat Hin Mak Peng Tai Dam House of Museum N17° 59.003’ E102° 25.710’ N17° 47.988’ E101° 44.035’ Mu 4, Ban Thai Charoen, Tambon Phra Tambon Khao Kaeo, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Phuttthabat, Amphoe Si Chiang Mai, Nong Khai Korn Phaisun +66 (8) 3332 2828 Ban Wang Nam Mok Remark: Please make an appointment one week N17° 59.233’ E102° 22.683’ in advance. Ban Wang Nam Mok Community Coordination Centre Exploring Chiang Khan 2 Mu 5, Tambon Phra Phuttthabat, N17° 53.622’ E101° 39.144’ (Wat Si Khun Mueang) Amphoe Si Chiang Mai, Nong Khai Chai Khong Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Tinnaphop Suphantha Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei +66 (8) 6232 5300 Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Pha Sat Loi Khro N17° 53.650’ E101° 39.228’ Amphoe Sangkhom 219 Mu 1, Soi 8, Chai Khong Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Wat Pa Phu Ko Amon Narongsak (Auntie Nang) N18° 02.184’ E102° 18.277’ +66 (8) 6231 5335 Ban Dong Tong, Tambon Pha Tang, Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Amphoe Sangkhom, Nong Khai Every day 6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Niyomthai House of Quilted Blankets (Skywalk: Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.30 p.m.) N17° 53.767’ E101° 39.367’ Between Soi 13 and 14, Chai Khong Road, Tambon LOEI Chiang Khan, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei +66 (0) 4282 1246, +66 (9) 3380 1325 Amphoe Chiang Khan Yong Sen House of Traditional Massage Wat Phra Phutthabat Phu Khwai Ngoen N17° 53.817’ E101° 39.583’ N17° 53.867’ E101° 45.017’ Soi 19, Chai Khong Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Ban U Mung, Tambon Bu Hom, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Urairat Mangmi (Auntie Koi) +66 (8) 7037 6968 Kaeng Khutkhu Every day 6.00 a.m. – 8.00 p.m. N17° 54.433’ E101° 42.083’ Tambon Chiang Khan, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei 160 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Wat Maha That Wat Pho Chai Na Phueng N17° 53.707’ E101° 39.436’ N17° 24.542’ E101° 02.954’ Si Chiang Khan Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Ban Na Phueng, Tambon Na Phueng, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Amphoe Na Haeo, Loei Wat Si Khun Mueang Amphoe Dan Sai N17° 53.622’ E101° 39.144’ Chai Khong Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Wat Phon Chai and the Phi Ta Khon Museum Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei N17° 16.469’ E101° 08.925’ 85 Kaeo A-sa Road, Mu 3, Ban Doen, Wat Tha Khok Tambon Dan Sai, Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei N17° 53.816’ E101° 39.632’ Every day 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Chai Khong Road, Tambon Chiang Khan, Amphoe Chiang Khan, Loei Phrathat Si Song Rak N17° 16.150’ E101° 08.290’ Amphoe Tha Li Mu 14, Ban Na Yung, Tambon Dan Sai, Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei Ban Na Kraseng Rattan Weaving Village N17° 41.650’ E101° 22.883’ Wat Neramit Wipatsana Ban Na Kraseng, Tambon A Hi, N17° 16.060’ E101° 08.508’ Amphoe Tha Li, Loei Mu 14, Ban Na Yung, Tambon Dan Sai, Phitsamai Sanhachananan Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei +66 (8) 9840 9317, +66 (8) 1975 8133 Remark: Please make an appointment one week Useful contact information in advance. IN Nong Khai and Loei Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge across the Hueang River Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), N17° 41.050’ E101° 23.650’ Udon Thani Office Ban Na Kraseng, Tambon A Hi, (Responsible areas: Bueng Kan, Nong Khai, and Udon Amphoe Tha Li, Loei Thani) Passport with at least 6 months validity and one passport-size photo +66 (0) 4232 5406-7 Fee depends on the passport of origin Every day 8.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Loei Office (Responsible areas: Loei and Nong Bua Lam Phu) Phrathat Satcha N17° 38.657’ E101° 24.391’ +66 (0) 4281 2812, +66 (0) 4281 1405 Wat Lat Pu Song Tham, Mu 3, Ban Tha Li, Tambon Tha Li, Amphoe Tha Li, Loei Highway Police 1193 Tourist Police 1155 Amphoe Na Haeo Please visit Wat Si Pho Chai www.tourismthailand.org/Nong-Khai N17° 29.310’ E100° 59.520’ for more information on accommodation, Ban Saeng Pha, Tambon Saeng Pha, restaurants, and attractions in Nong Khai. Amphoe Na Haeo, Loei www.tourismthailand.org/Loei for more information on accommodation, Phrathat Din Thaen restaurants, and attractions in Loei. N17° 29.460’ E100° 59.300’ Ban Saeng Pha, Tambon Saeng Pha, Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour Amphoe Na Haeo, Loei guide when travelling this route, as there may be a language barrier. 161 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 12 UDON THANI – NONG BUA LAM PHU The Route to Trace the Prehistoric Times, Explore the Primitive Caves, and Learn the Art of Making Mud-Soaked Textiles Introduction: The Udon Thani – Nong Bua Lam Phu route takes visitors to observe beautiful Buddhist art at several temples, discover the beauty of Mi Khit and indigo-dyed textiles, and trace the history of Ban Chiang in Udon Thani province. Then, move to Nong Bua Lam Phu province to explore the caves, learn the art of pottery-making and mud-soaked textile-making, and travel back to the prehistoric period through a visit to the museum and archaeological site. 162 ISAN CULTURAL routes

16 To Nong Khai 2376 Amphoe Na Yung 15 2 2096 2348 7 13 2255 2022 Amphoe Ban Phue 2021 14 2097 216 2312 Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani 6 22 2 31 2096 216 10 42 11 210 5 12 To Nong Bua Udon Thani Amphoe Lam Phu International Airport Nong Han 216 22 To Sakon Nakhon 9 2350 2 8 UDON THANI Amphoe Kumphawapi To Khon Kaen Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani Amphoe Nong Han 1. City Pillar Shrine 10. Ban Chiang National Museum 2. Wat Matchimawat 11. Excavation Site within Wat Pho Si Nai 3. Nong Prachak Sinlapakhom Public Park 12. Ban Chiang Local Textile Weaving Group 4. Wat Phothisomphon 5. Wat Thipphayaratnimit Amphoe Ban Phue 6. Udon Thani Thai-Chinese Cultural Centre 13. Wa Pa Ban Kho 14. Wat Phra Phutthabat Bua Ban and Chao Pu-Ya Shrine 15. Phu Phrabat Historical Park 7. Ban Na Kha Amphoe Na Yung Amphoe Kumphawapi 16. Wat Pa Phu Kon 8. Phrathat Don Kaeo 9. Red Lotus Sea

1 To Udon Thani 4040 2097 Amphoe Suwannakhuha 2352 2 Amphoe Na Wang 2097 210 210 To Udon Thani To Loei 3 210 6 yy yyy 4 Amphoe Mueang 5 2420 Nong Bua Lam Phu 228 2146 Amphoe 3003 Non Sang 3002 yy yyy To Phu Kao – Phu Phan Kham 8 Khon Kaen National Park Nong Bua Lam Phu 2146 3002 Amphoe Suwannakhuha 79 1. Wat Tham Suwannakhuha Ubolratana Dam Amphoe Na Wang To 2. Tham Erawan Khon Kaen 3. Tham Pha Cho Amphoe Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu Amphoe Non Sang 4. 150 Million-year-old Shell Fossil Museum 7. Ban Non Sawang 5. Wat Tham Klong Phen 8. Non Don Klang Archaeological Site 6. Ban Khong Sawan Pottery Village and Ban Kut Kwang Soi Museum 9. Phu Kao – Phu Phan Kham National Park

Day 1 Begin the journey by making a visit to the City Pillar Shrine in Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani. The Shrine features a harmonious combination of Northeastern and modern Thai styles of architecture, and it is believed that this is a great place to pray for success in work in which the worshippers have got to walk in and out the same door for their wishes to come true. City Pillar Shrine Festival Thung Si Mueang Festival The Festival is annually held in December and consists of a procession, local performances, contests, and stalls selling local products including hand-woven cloth and Mi Khit cloth. Call in at Wat Matchimawat, which was built in 1893, to pay homage to ‘Luangpho Nak’, an ancient Buddha image seated under the cover of the Naga that is enshrined inside the Ubosot (ordination hall). Then, pay a visit to the Nong Prachak Sinlapakhom Public Park to take photos with the gigantic yellow duck, which is the icon of the Park. The locals usually come to the Park to relax under the shady trees around the Park, or exercise by running or cycling around the lake. 165 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Visit Wat Phothisomphon, a temple that houses a 1,300-year-old Buddha image made of laterite, a 600-year-old bronze Buddha image named ‘Phra Phuttha Ratsami’, a replica of the Lord Buddha’s footprint, and a Chedi named ‘Phra Borommathat Thamma Chedi’ that enshrines the Lord Buddha’s relics. Stop by at Wat Thipphayaratnimit, otherwise known as Wat Pa Ban Chik. The temple features an Ubosot with the Sukhothai and Ayutthaya styles of architecture, and a Chedi that enshrines the Lord Buddha’s relics and a sculpture of Luangpu Thira Thitathammo, the former abbot of the temple. Take a lunch break and spend time learning about the culture and way of life of the Thai-Chinese community at the Udon Thani Thai-Chinese Cultural Centre. The Centre houses a Museum of Morality, which has an exhibition presenting the history and culture of the Chinese community that has been living in Udon Thani province for over 120 years, and a Chinese-style garden showcasing 24 stone carvings, auspicious plants, and a beautiful pond. Situated next to the Centre is the Chao Pu-Ya Shrine, a Chinese spirit shrine where visitors can pay homage to Chao Pu and Chao Ya, the deities respected by the Thai-Chinese community. Udon Thani Thai-Chinese Cultural Centre & Chao Pu-Ya Shrine 166 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Ban Na Kha Travel to learn about Mi Khit cloth, the signature product of Udon Thani province, at Ban Na Kha. Visitors to the village can observe the villagers weaving Mi Khit cloth at the Wat Bua Chum Library Local Wisdom Museum. Then go to the Ban Na Kha Textile Market, which is one of the largest indigo-dyed and Mi Khit textile centres in the Northeastern region, to purchase a variety of textiles; such as, Mi Khit textiles, silk textiles, indigo-dyed Matmi textiles, and Khit textiles. Mi Khit textile is the combination of Matmi (textile that uses the technique of tying the cotton or silk yarns before dyeing in colour to reveal patterns after they are untied) and Khit (textile that uses a technique of raising the threads while weaving to make an embossed pattern). Make a trip to Amphoe Kumphawapi and visit Phrathat Don Kaeo, also known as Phra Maha That Chedi. Constructed with the same style of architecture as Phrathat Phanom in Nakhon Phanom province, Phrathat Don Kaeo is surrounded by Bai Sema (boundary stones) and Sao Hin (stone posts) that are believed to have been built around 557-757. Day 2 Red Lotus Sea Start the day early to enjoy the magnificent sight of pink water lily flowers at the Red Lotus Sea. The best time to take a boat ride through the large freshwater swamp to get a closer look at the beautiful flowers is from 6.00 a.m. to 9.00 a.m. It is recommended for visitors to plan the trip accordingly, as the pink water lily flowers only bloom between the end of December and February. 167 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Proceed to Amphoe Nong Han to visit Ban Chiang, a prehistoric archaeological site that is listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. To learn more about the history of Ban Chiang as well as the Northeastern region, visitors are first recommended to visit the Ban Chiang National Museum, which displays items unearthed from the excavation sites including skeletons and pottery. Then, continue to the Excavation Site within Wat Pho Si Nai, to explore the first site museum in Thailand. It has been discovered that the items uncovered here; such as, skeletons, pottery, and stone and metal artefacts were believed to be over 5,000 years old. Excavation Site within Wat Pho Si Nai The people of Ban Chiang have been making imitations of the ancient pottery found at the excavation sites and paint motifs in several prehistoric patterns. These products have become a must-buy item and visitors can also observe the pottery shaping process, as well as try their hands at painting the motifs on the pottery. Ban Chiang National Museum

Ban Chiang Local Textile Weaving Group After lunch, take some time to explore the world of textile production at the Ban Chiang Local Textile Weaving Group. Apart from learning all the process from Matmi making to indigo-dyeing and textile weaving, visitors can also buy a variety of products including indigo-dyed cloth, Matmi textiles, and ready-to-wear clothing at the shops within the community. The signature patterns of the textile products at Ban Chiang are the Ban Chiang pottery pattern and Ban Chiang’s spiral pattern that was developed from the shell pattern. Day 3 Start the day by heading to Amphoe Ban Phue and stop by at Wat Pa Ban Kho, which houses a Chedi named ‘Phra Maha That Chedi Chaloem Barami Phra Nawamin’ that contains the Lord Buddha’s relics, and a museum displaying the biography and teachings of Luangpho Thun, a highly revered monk who established the temple. Visitors can also find the ‘Wihan of Four Holy Places for Buddhism’, an image hall with exquisite carvings depicting the Lord Buddha when he was born, attained enlightenment, preached his first sermon, and entered nirvana. Wat Pa Ban Kho Wat Phra Phutthabat Bua Ban Call in at Wat Phra Phutthabat Bua Ban to see a Lan Xang-style Mondop (square-based building with a pyramidal roof) that houses a replica of the Lord Buddha’s footprint. Numerous pieces of ancient sandstone Bai Sema were uncovered around 100 metres north of the Mondop. 169 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Then, spend time exploring ancient Buddhist art at the Phu Phrabat Historical Park. Situated at the foothills of Phu Phan Mountains, the Park is endowed with natural rock formations of various sizes and shapes. These boulders were believed to be constructed into a religious site around the 7th-11th century and evidence of rocks chiseled into Buddha images in Tham Phra (Phra Cave) indicate that the Khmer style of architecture was introduced during the 13th century. Continue to Wat Pa Phu Kon, which is located in Phu Phrabat Historical Park Amphoe Na Yung. Set amidst natural surroundings, the Wihan (image hall) showcases spectacular Buddhist architecture and houses a 20-metre-long reclining Buddha made of white marble, and murals depicting the story of the Lord Buddha. After lunch, depart Udon Thani province for Nong Bua Lam Phu province and visit Wat Tham Suwannakhuha in Amphoe Suwannakhuha. The temple was constructed by King Chaiyachettha- thirat of Lao PDR. over 500 years ago. The Ubosot, which is constructed under the cave, houses a seated Buddha image under the cover of a 7-headed Naga named ‘Luangpho Phra Chaiyachettha’. Festival Bun Khao Chi Festival Every year around February, the locals organises the Festival to pay homage to Luangpho Phra Chaiyachettha. The Festival includes a procession of local performances and the making of giant Khao Chi (grilled sticky rice). Phu Phrabat Historical Park

Head to Amphoe Na Wang to explore Tham Erawan (Erawan Cave), which is a part of an enormous limestone mountain called ‘Pha Tham Chang’. The 621 flights of stairs lead to the entrance of the cave in which visitors are greeted by a large golden Buddha statue, while the cave comprises several chambers of stalagmites and stalactites. Apart from the magnificent scenery of the natural surroundings at the entrance of Tham Erawan, another popular picture-perfect spot are the 3 ‘Plong Dao’ (Star Chimney), which are 3 natural holes that allow the rays of light to beautifully shine through. Stop by at Tham Pha Cho (Drilled Cliff Cave) or Phu Pha Cho (Drilled Cliff Mountain), a natural wonder of an enormous granite mountain that looks like a hole has been drilled onto the cliff surface. Stairs of over 500 steps wind around to the mountain to the top where visitors can pay homage to a gigantic golden Buddha image as well as enjoy a panoramic view of the natural surroundings. Tham Pha Cho Day 4 The fourth day starts in Amphoe Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu at the 150 Million-year-old Shell Fossil Museum, which houses a rich collection of shell fossils found in the nearby area and are believed to be from 140-150 million years ago. 150 Million-year-old Shell Fossil Museum 171 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Then, move on to Wat Tham Klong Phen, a tranquil forest temple situated at the foot of the Phu Phan Mountain. Believed to be a temple that was constructed and abandoned during the Khmer Empire, Wat Tham Klong Phen was reestablished by Luangpu Khao Analayo in 1958. After his passing, his disciples joined hands in constructing a Chedi to house a sculpture, as well as the personal belongings of Luangpu Khao. Ban Khong Sawan Pottery Village Proceed to the Ban Khong Sawan Pottery Village to observe the traditional technique of pottery making and get a first-hand experience of making the pottery. The clay used in producing the pottery is taken from within the village, which is easy to shape into any form of pottery and gives a nice colour once it is fired. There are several shops lining along the road where visitors can purchase the pottery as a souvenir. After lunch, travel to Amphoe Non Sang to Ban Non Sawang visit Ban Non Sawang, a village known for producing mud-soaked textiles and Khit Na Pak (double-face raised embroidered pattern which uses a special technique so that the finished product reveals patterns with visible designs on both sides). Apart from observing the production process, visitors can purchase the mud-soaked textiles and Khit Na Pak in which the most distinctive patterns are inspired by the pottery and accessories uncovered from the Non Don Klang Archaeological Site. The special properties of mud-soaked textiles are that the fabrics are fast in colour, soft, easy to iron, and comfortable to wear. The mud-soaked textile of Ban Non Sawang uses the water from the buffalo wallow that is at least 10 years old to get the perfect fabric texture. 172 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Then, call in at the Non Don Klang Archaeological Site (Ban Kut Kwang Soi), which is where prehistoric artefacts; such as, earthenware, bronze and stone bracelets, utensils, and human skeletons were discovered. Located nearby is the Ban Kut Kwang Soi Museum, which displays the artefacts uncovered at the archaeological site. Complete the trip by visiting Phu Kao – Phu Phan Kham National Park, which is Ban Kut Kwang Soi Museum made up of two mountain ranges named Phu Kao and Phu Phan Kham, and spans across Udon Thani, Khon Kaen, and Nong Bua Lam Phu provinces. Visitors are recommended to visit Ho Sawan, a viewpoint that offers the panoramic view of Nong Bua Lam Phu and the Ubolratana Dam and explore the prehistoric cave paintings at Tham Suea Tok and Tham Phalan Hai. Another interesting place to visit is Wat Phra Phutthabat Phu Kao, which features prehistoric footprints of a human and a dog. Contact Information Wat Phothisomphon N17° 24.808’ E102° 46.681’ Udon Thani 22 Pho Niyom Road, Tambon Mak Khaeng, Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, Udon Thani Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani The museum opens every day at 8.00 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. City Pillar Shrine N17° 24.835’ E102° 47.274’ Wat Thipphayaratnimit Athibodi Road, Tambon Mak Khaeng, N17° 23.836’ E102° 46.998’ Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, Udon Thani 201 Naresuan Road, Tambon Mak Khaeng, Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, Udon Thani Wat Matchimawat Udon Thani Thai-Chinese Cultural Centre N17° 24.912’ E102° 47.426’ and Chao Pu-Ya Shrine Watthananuwong Road, Tambon Mak Khaeng, Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, Udon Thani N17° 23.960’ E102° 48.410’ 888, 39 Sanchao Neramit Road, Tambon Mak Nong Prachak Sinlapakhom Public Park Khaeng, Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, N17° 25.110’ E102° 46.762’ Udon Thani Athibodi Road, Tambon Mak Khaeng, +66 (0) 4224 2333 Amphoe Mueang Udon Thani, Udon Thani Every day 9.00 a.m. – 7.00 p.m. Every day 6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. 173 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Ban Na Kha Amphoe Ban Phue N17° 33.087’E102° 48.063’ Ban Na Kha, Tambon Na Kha, Amphoe Mueang Wat Pa Ban Kho Udon Thani, Udon Thani N17° 36.038’ E102° 38.372’ Arkhom Seehaboot +66 (8) 5745 2987 Ban Kho, Tambon Khuea Nam, Amphoe Ban Phue, Udon Thani Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. The museum opens every day at 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Amphoe Kumphawapi Wat Phra Phutthabat Bua Ban Phrathat Don Kaeo N17° 37.219’ E102° 20.801’ N17° 08.441’ E103° 01.227’ Ban Phai Lom, Tambon Mueang Phan, Mu 5, Ban Don Kaeo, Tambon Kumphawapi, Amphoe Ban Phue, Udon Thani Amphoe Kumphawapi, Udon Thani Phu Phrabat Historical Park Red Lotus Sea N17° 43.846’ E102° 21.470’ N17° 12.744’ E103° 02.070’ Ban Thio, Tambon Mueang Phan, Ban Diam Pier, Tambon Chiang Whae, Amphoe Ban Phue, Udon Thani Amphoe Kumphawapi, Udon Thani +66 (0) 4221 9837-9 Every day 6.00 a.m. – 11.00 a.m. Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. 100 Baht Amphoe Nong Han Amphoe Na Yung Ban Chiang National Museum N17° 24.437’ E103° 14.196’ Wat Pa Phu Kon Tambon Ban Chiang, Amphoe Nong Han, N17° 55.369’ E102° 07.095’ Udon Thani Ban Na Kham Yai, Tambon Ban Kong, Tuesday – Sunday and public holidays 8.30 a.m. Amphoe Na Yung, Udon Thani – 4.30 p.m. Every day 5.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Excavation Site within Wat Pho Si Nai Nong Bua Lam Phu N17° 24.490’ E103° 14.642’ Wat Pho Si Nai, 90 Pho Si Nai Road, Mu 11, Amphoe Suwannakhuha Tambon Ban Chiang, Amphoe Nong Han, Udon Thani Wat Tham Suwannakhuha Every day 9.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. N17° 36.474’ E102° 16.953’ Mu 7, Ban Khuha Phatthana, Tambon Nasi, Ban Chiang Local Textile Weaving Group Amphoe Suwannakhuha, Nong Bua Lam Phu N17° 24.329’ E103° 14.548’ Tambon Ban Chiang, Amphoe Nong Han, Amphoe Amphoe Na Wang Udon Thani Suntaree Manyahong Tham Erawan +66 (8) 3337 1297 N17° 20.652’ E102° 01.226’ Ban Pha In Plaeng, Tambon Wang Thong, Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Amphoe Na Wang, Nong Bua Lam Phu Every day 6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. 174 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Tham Pha Cho Non Don Klang Archaeological Site N17° 19.312’ E102° 07.051’ and Ban Kut Kwang Soi Museum Mu 2, Ban Pha Cho, Tambon Thep Khiri, Amphoe Na Wang, Nong Bua Lam Phu N16° 57.699’ E102° 32.442’ Ban Kut Kwang Soi, Tambon Ban Thin, Amphoe Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu Amphoe Non Sang, Nong Bua Lam Phu Monday – Friday 9.00 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. 150 Million-year-old Shell Fossil Museum N17° 14.622’ E102° 31.166’ Phu Kao – Phu Phan Kham National Park Ban Huai Duea, Tambon Non Than, N16° 48.636’ E102° 36.696’ Amphoe Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu, Ban Tha Sila, Tambon Ban Kho, Nong Bua Lam Phu Amphoe Non Sang, Nong Bua Lam Phu +66 (0) 4200 0048 ext.11 +66 (0) 4295 6528 Tuesday – Sunday and Public Holidays 8.30 a.m. 100 Baht for adults and 50 Baht for children – 4.00 p.m. Useful contact information Wat Tham Klong Phen IN Udon Thani and Nong Bua N17° 13.766’ E102° 32.039’ Lam Phu Tambon Non Than, Amphoe Mueang Nong Bua Lam Phu, Nong Bua Lam Phu Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Udon Thani Office Ban Khong Sawan Pottery Village (Responsible areas: Bueng Kan, Nong Khai, and Udon N17° 15.307’ E102° 34.820’ Thani) Ban Khong Sawan Mu 3 Pottery-making Group Mu 3, Tambon Non Than, Amphoe Mueang Nong +66 (0) 4232 5406-7 Bua Lam Phu, Nong Bua Lam Phu Mongkhon Phengsiri Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Loei Office +66 (8) 7128 9533 (Responsible areas: Loei and Nong Bua Lam Phu) Amphoe Non Sang +66 (0) 4281 2812, +66 (0) 4281 1405 Ban Non Sawang Highway Police 1193 N16° 48.883’ E102° 25.740’ Tourist Police 1155 Ban Non Sawang Local Textile Weaving Group 166 Ban Non Sawang, Mu 3, Tambon Non Please visit Mueang, Amphoe Non Sang, Nong Bua Lam Phu www.tourismthailand.org/Udon-Thani Thongbai Bunnaen for more information on accommodation, +66 (8) 5743 6684 restaurants, and attractions in Udon Thani. Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. www.tourismthailand.org/Nong-Bua-Lam-Phu for more information on accommodation, restaurants, and attractions in Nong Bua Lam Phu. Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour guide when travelling this route, as there may be a language barrier. 175 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 13 KHON KAEN The Land of Magnificent Mural Paintings, Phu Wiang’s Dinosaurs, and World-renowned Matmi Silk Introduction: The Khon Kaen route takes visitors to gain an insightful glimpse into the historical and cultural aspects of Khon Kaen province. Start the journey by visiting Hong Moon Mung Khon Kaen City Museum to get a better understanding of the province, then start exploring Khon Kaen’s magnificent temples, some of which are enriched with historical significance while others contain exquisite mural paintings. Travel back to yesteryear and follow the footsteps of the dinosaurs at the Phu Wiang Fossil Research Centre and Dinosaur Museum before visiting Amphoe Chonnabot, which is the centre of world-renowned Matmi silk textiles. 176 ISAN CULTURAL routes

To Udon Thani Phu Wiang 2133 2039 National Park 2 y yyy y yyyyyy 4007 10 2038 2183 9 Amphoe 2005 2038 2009 8 Wiang Kao 7 Amphoe To 230 Nam Phong Chaiyaphum 12 6 12 230 To Maha Sarakham 12 4 2062 Amphoe 1 Mueang Khon Kaen Amphoe 5 Chonnabot 11 3 Amphoe 2 2 12 Mancha Khiri 230 14 23 13 16 2199 17 Amphoe 2297 15 Ban Phai 2301 2065 2 18 Amphoe 2440 Pueai Noi Amphoe 19 Nong Song Hong Khon Kaen To To Nakhon Ratchasima Buri Ram Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen 1. Hong Moon Mung Khon Kaen Amphoe Wiang Kao Amphoe Ban Phai 10. Phu Wiang Fossil Research 16. Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram City Museum 17. Wat Matchim Withayaram 2. Wat Nong Waeng Centre and Dinosaur Museum 3. Wat Thung Setthi Amphoe Pueai Noi 4. Wat Pa Saeng Arun Amphoe Mancha Khiri 18. Prasat Pueai Noi 5. Bueang Kaen Nakhon 11. Ban Nong Ya Plong 6. Khon Kaen Walking Street 12. Wat Sa Thong Amphoe Nong Song Hong 7. Wat Chai Si 19. Wat Sa Bua Kaeo Amphoe Chonnabot Amphoe Nam Phong 13. Sala Mai Thai 8. Phrathat Kham Kaen 14. Thanon Sai Mai (Silk Road) 9. Ku Prapha Chai 15. Ban Hua Fai

Day 1 Start the trip in Khon Kaen province by spend the morning in Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen. Visitors are recommended to first visit the Hong Moon Mung Khon Kaen City Museum, one of the best places to gain an understanding about Khon Kaen province. ‘Hong Moon Mung’, which literally translates to ‘Treasure Hall’, takes visitors on a journey to learn about the city from the past until present through a series of stimulating exhibitions. Continue to Wat Hong Moon Mung Khon Kaen City Museum Nong Waeng to explore ‘Phra Mahathat Kaen Nakhon’, which is a stupa that comprises nine storeys of receding size and topped with a golden spire. Each floor of the stupa contains mural paintings on the door and windows depicting the story of Lord Buddha and Isan tales. The top floor enshrines the relics of the Lord Buddha and also offers a stunning panoramic view of Khon Kaen town. Wat Nong Waeng Wat Pa Saeng Arun Call in at Wat Thung Setthi, which features Maha Rattana Chedi Si Trai Lokathat, a chedi that showcases a stunning combination of modern architecture and Isan folk arts and is completed with etched glass windows portraying Buddhist messages. Visitors can also find a chapel in the Lan Xang (Northern Thailand) architectural style, and a Hell Outdoor Museum that reminds people about the suffering in the afterlife of people who committed sinful acts. Then proceed to Wat Pa Saeng Arun to explore the magnificent murals on the walls inside the Ubosot (ordination hall). The special feature of the murals here is that they are the pictures of Matmi patterns, which is Khon Kaen’s famous type of tie-dyed silk. 178 ISAN CULTURAL routes

After lunch, travel to Wat Chetiyaphum in Amphoe Nam Phrathat Kham Kaen Phong to pay homage to Phrathat Kham Kaen, one of the most highly revered places of worship in Khon Kaen province. Legend has it that a Khmer King and a group of monks were bringing the relics of the Lord Buddha to be enshrined in Phrathat Phanom in Nakhon Phanom province. They spent a night by a dead tamarind tree, on which the relics were placed, before continuing their journey. After learning that the construction of Phrathat Phanom had already been completed, they decided to return home. On their way back, they passed the spot they stayed overnight and found that the dead tamarind tree was miraculously budding fresh leaves again. Upon seeing this, the monks decided to build a stupa here to enshrine the relics and named the stupa ‘Phrathat Kham Kaen’, which means the stupa of tamarind heartwood. It is believed that Phrathat Kham Kaen was built before the founding of Khon Kaen town, as the town was named ‘Kham Kaen’ after the chedi, and over the years, has changed to ‘Khon Kaen’. Festival Phrathat Kham Kaen Fair Every year on the full moon day of the 6th lunar month (around May), the Phrathat Kham Kaen Fair is organised for people to pay homage to the Phrathat. The Fair also features cultural performances and stall selling local products. Make a visit to Ku Prapha Chai, also known as Ku Ban Na Kham Noi, which is a group of Khmer ruins constructed of laterite and sandstone to serve as an Arokhayasala (hospital) during the reign of King Jayavarman VII. Located nearby is a folk museum that collects and displays the artefacts found during the excavation and restoration of the area including partial remains of sand- stone statues and silver plated Buddha images. Ku Prapha Chai 179 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Bueng Kaen Nakhon Later in the afternoon, return to Amphoe Mueang and spend time relaxing at Bueng Kaen Nakhon, a lake that covers approximately 964,800 square metres. The locals usually come to enjoy a variety of recreational activities at the shady park by the lake. Festival Dok Khun Siang Khaen and Khao Niao Road Festival Held between 5 and 15 April at the area around Bueang Kaen Nakhon and Si Chan Road (also known as Khao Niao Road or Sticky Rice Road), the Festival is organised to celebrate the Thai New Year and includes merit making, ritual bathing of the Buddha image, local entertainment, and fun-filled water splashing activity. Every Saturday evening, the road in front of the Khon Kaen City Hall is closed for traffic and transformed into the Khon Kaen Walking Street. Visitors whose trip to Khaon Kaen coincides with Saturdays can enjoy a wide array of scrumptious food and snacks, explore a variety of handicrafts, local products, and souvenirs, as well as watch a variety of performances by the locals ranging from Isan folk music to street dances. 180 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Festival International Silk Festival, Phuk Siao Tradition, and Red Cross Fair Every year from 29 November to 10 December, the local people of Khon Kaen organises the Festival to promote and conserve the cultural heritage of Khon Kaen. The Festival includes several activities; such as, an exhibition of silk products, Phuk Siao tradition, local product contests, stalls selling silk products and local products, and cultural performances. Day 2 Begin the second day by visiting Wat Chai Si, a famous temple with an ancient Sim (ordination hall), which contains magnificent Hup Taem (mural painting). The murals inside the Sim depicts the story of the Vessantara Jataka (one of the popular Buddhist tales) while the outside features pictures from the Sin Sai epic (a famous literature of the Northeastern region). Although the mural paintings were ancient, the clever use of colours and intricate details that are still clearly visible makes the Hup Taem here truly one of a kind. Please note that women are not allowed to go inside the Ubosot at Wat Chai Si. Wat Chai Si Wat Chai Si

Travel to Amphoe Wiang Kao and visit the Phu Wiang Fossil Research Centre and Dinosaur Museum to explore the world of dinosaurs through the detailed and well-presented explanation of the origin and evolution of dinosaurs, as well as the story about the discovery of dinosaurs in Thailand. Apart from the exhibition detailing the origin of the universe, solar system, and displays of rocks, minerals, and fossils, the Museum also features several life-size motorised dinosaurs. Phu Wiang Fossil Research Centre and Dinosaur Museum Located not far from the Museum is the Phu Wiang National Park that visitors can observe the sites where dinosaur bones and footprints were discovered. The most important site is ‘Pratu Ti Ma’, where bones of a 15-metre-long Sauropod (herbivorous dinosaur with a long neck and tail), which have never been found anywhere else before, have been found. It was named Phuwiangosaurus sirindhornae, after the district of Phu Wiang where it was discovered, and to honour Her Royal Highness Princess Maha Chakri Sirindhorn. Take a lunch break and head to Amphoe Ban Nong Ya Plong Mancha Khiri to spend the afternoon learning about hand-woven textiles that are produced from Eri silk yarn at Ban Nong Ya Plong. Visitors can observe the complete process of producing Eri silk textiles from cultivating the cassavas to rearing silkworms, dyeing the silk yarns with natural dyes, and weaving the silk threads into finished textiles. 182 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Apart from exploring the local wisdom, visitors can also support the community by purchasing the products including silk textiles, cotton textiles, and ready-to-wear clothing. Eri silk is made from cassava-fed silkworms, and is lightweight, has a non-glossy texture, and does not develop wrinkles easily, making it a popular choice of silk. Located not far from Ban Nong Ya Plong is Wat Sa Thong, a temple with an ancient Sim that is noted for the magnificent Isan-style architecture that earned the 2002 UNESCO Asia-Pacific Award for Cultural Heritage Conservation Award of Merit. The murals on the exterior display simple pictures of elephants and human figures using a bas-relief technique, with the use of glass beads and mirrors. The Sim also houses a rare Isan-style Buddha image made of sandstone. Wat Sa Thong Day 3 This morning, travel to Amphoe Chonnabot, which is renowned for the world-famous Matmi silk. Sala Mai Thai (Thai Silk Pavilion) was established to conserve the timeless cultural heritage of silk weaving and to promote silk products. Visitors can observe the collection of ancient silk textiles, a variety of unique patterns, and award-winning silk textiles woven by the Chonnabot villagers on the second floor of Sala Mai Thai. On the first floor is where visitors can observe the display of tools and equipment used in silk production, as well as purchase silk products as a souvenir. Located not far from Sala Mai Thai is Si Bun Rueang Road or Thanon Sai Mai (Silk Road) with countless shops selling silk and textiles lining both sides of the road, offering a wide selection of textiles including silk fabric and ready-to-wear clothing. Matmi silk is a type of exquisite patterned silk that illustrates the elaborate production process involving a tie and dye technique in which the silk threads are tied before dyeing with different colours, depending on the intended design. Then, the threads are untied and hand-woven to reveal a delicate piece of textile with intricate patterns. 183 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Ban Hua Fai Continue to Ban Hua Fai, a village where visitors can learn about sericulture and the silk textile production process, from cultivating mulberries to rearing silkworms, Matmi making, and silk weaving. The village not only produces Matmi textile, but has also developed a new local wisdom called ‘Taem Mi’ in which instead of tying and dyeing the silk yarns, the maker would dab the colours onto the silk yarn directly. This Taem Mi technique takes a lot less time than the Matmi technique. Apart from learning the production process, visitors can also purchase a variety of products; such as, Matmi silk textile, Taem Mi silk textile, shawl, and ready-to-wear clothing. The signature pattern at Ban Hua Fai is called ‘Nam Fong Khruea’ or the ‘Fongnam Hua Fai’ pattern, which depicts the waves from the swamp within the village. Other popular patterns include the modern pattern and the combination of ancient and modern patterns. In the afternoon, travel to Amphoe Ban Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram Phai to explore the exquisite Hup Taem on the walls of the ancient Sim at Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram. The Hup Taem on the walls inside the Sim is the scenes from the Vessantara Jataka tale whereas the outside walls are covered with scenes from the ‘Sin Sai’ epic. Even though the style of murals here is not very complex, the beauty of the simplicity, creativity, and the selective use of indigo, green, yellow, and brown colours, have made the Hup Taem here to be worth exploring. Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram

Proceed to Wat Matchim Witthayaram, also known as Wat Ban Lan to witness another great piece of artwork. Constructed in 1927, the Sim features outstanding Hup Taem on all four sides of the external wall, all of which are devoted entirely to scenes from the Vessantara Jataka tale. The drawings showcase the refined skill of the ancient artisans who used such colours as yellow, indigo, and green to bring life to the painting. Prasat Pueai Noi Make a trip to Amphoe Pueai Noi to visit Prasat Pueai Noi, one of the best kept Khmer ruins in the Northeastern region. The sanctuary is believed to have been constructed in the 11th-12th century and showcases the richness in details of the Baphuon and Angkor Wat architectural styles. Prasat Pueai Noi comprises three brick buildings and the gable of the Prang Prathan (principal tower) was delicately carved in the shape of a Naga, whereas the stone lintel was engraved with the reclining Narayana, all of which are still in good condition. Finish the trip in Khon Kaen province by travelling to Amphoe Nong Song Hong to visit Wat Sa Bua Kaeo. Built in 1931, Wat Sa Bua Kaeo is noted for the mural paintings and sculptural works displayed at the Sim. The murals on four sides of the wall, both exterior and interior, depict scenes from the Vessantara Jataka tale, myth of heaven and hell, local folktales, and local way of life. The most prominent feature of the mural paintings is the use of the Sinthao line, a flash-shaped pattern that was widely used in murals during the Ayutthaya and Rattanakosin periods. Wat Sa Bua Kaeo 185 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Contact Information Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen Amphoe Nam Phong Hong Moon Mung Khon Kaen City Museum Phrathat Kham Kaen N16° 25.156’ E102° 50.351’ N16° 33.808’ E102° 57.111’ Rop Bueang Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Wat Chetiyaphum Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Mu 1, Ban Kham, Tambon Ban Kham, +66 (0) 4327 1173 Amphoe Nam Phong, Khon Kaen Tuesday - Sunday 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. 90 Baht Ku Prapha Chai N16° 36.664’ E102° 55.805’ Wat Nong Waeng Wat Ku Prapha Chai N16° 24.483’ E102° 50.027’ Ban Na kham Noi, Tambon Bua Yai, 593 Klang Mueang Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Nam Phong, Khon Kaen Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Amphoe Wiang Kao Wat Thung Setthi N16° 24.704’ E102° 53.034’ Phu Wiang Fossil Research Centre and Dinosaur Ban Nong Hai, Tambon Phra Lap, Museum Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen N16° 40.742’ E102° 16.002’ Wat Pa Saeng Arun Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Wiang Kao, N16° 25.576’ E102° 53.155’ Khon Kaen Mu 9, Ban Loeng Pueai Klang, Tambon Phra Lap, +66 (0) 4343 8204 Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Tuesday – Sunday 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. 60 Baht for adults and 30 Baht for children Bueang Kaen Nakhon N16° 25.116’ E102° 50.402’ Amphoe Mancha Khiri Rop Bueang Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Ban Nong Ya Plong N16° 16.167’ E102° 32.528’ Khon Kaen Walking Street Ban Nong Ya Plong Natural-dyed Silk Weaving N16° 26.402’ E102° 50.326’ Group Na Sun Ratchakan Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, 36 Mu 9, Ban Nong Ya Plong, Tambon Phon Phek, Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen Amphoe Mancha Khiri, Khon Kaen Saturday 6.00 p.m. – 10.00 p.m. Thongloet Sonchan +66 (8) 6630 2462 Wat Chai Si Remark:Please make an appointment in advance. N16° 30.513’ E102° 41.814’ Mu 8, Ban Sawathi, Tambon Sawathi, Wat Sa Thong Amphoe Mueang Khon Kaen, Khon Kaen N16° 08.455’ E102° 31.257’ Remark: Women are not allowed to enter the Ban Bua, Tambon Kut Khao, Amphoe Mancha Ubosot. Khiri, Khon Kaen 186 ISAN CULTURAL routes Phimai Historical Park

Amphoe Chonnabot Amphoe Nong Song Hong Sala Mai Thai Wat Sa Bua Kaeo N16° 05.463’ E102° 36.570’ N15° 45.070’ E102° 44.927’ Khon Kaen Industrial and Community Education Ban Wang Khun, Tambon Nong Mek, College Amphoe Nong Song Hong, Khon Kaen 172 Chaeng Sanit Road, Tambon Chonnabot, Amphoe Chonnabot, Khon Kaen Useful contact information +66 (0) 4328 6160 in Khon Kaen Every day 8.30 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Thanon Sai Mai (Silk Road) Khon Kaen Office N16° 05.496’ E102° 37.398’ (Responsible areas: Kalasin, Khon Kaen, Si Bunrueang Road, Tambon Chonnabot, Maha Sarakham, and Roi Et) Amphoe Chonnabot, Khon Kaen +66 (0) 4322 7714-5 Ban Hua Fai N15° 56.969’ E102° 34.839’ Highway Police 1193 Ban Huafai Silk Weaving Group Tourist Police 1155 46 Mu 2, Tambon Po Daeng, Amphoe Chonnabot, Khon Kaen Please visit Supanee Phulaenkee www.tourismthailand.org/Khon-Kaen +66 (8) 1729 6025, +66 (8) 2411 3147 for more information on accommodation, Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. restaurants, and attractions in Khon Kaen. Amphoe Ban Phai Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour guide when travelling this route, as there may be a Wat Sanuan Wari Phatthanaram language barrier. N16° 02.386’ E102° 42.298’ Mu 1, Ban Hua Nong, Tambon Hua Nong, Amphoe Ban Phai, Khon Kaen Wat Matchim Withayaram N16° 00.560’ E102° 48.985’ Mu 1, Ban Lan, Tambon Ban Lan, Amphoe Ban Phai, Khon Kaen Amphoe Pueai Noi Prasat Pueai Noi N15° 52.787’ E102° 54.505’ Ban Hua Khua, Tambon Pueai Noi, Amphoe Pueai Noi, Khon Kaen 187 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 14 CHAIYAPHUM – LOEI An Expedition to Explore the Heritage of Textile Weaving, Discover the Beauty of Buddhist Architecture, and Gain an Insight into the Famous Phi Ta Khon Mask Introduction: The Chaiyaphum – Loei route takes visitors on a journey to discover the fascinating world of Matmi Silk and Khit Cloth in Chaiyaphum province, as well as visit numerous important historical and cultural sites. The journey then continues to Loei province, where visitors are invited to explore the magical cave, observe the cotton textile production process, learn about the history and culture of Loei province, and visit Dan Sai, the land of Phi Ta Khon. 188 ISAN CULTURAL routes

To Loei 201 2055 8 7 Amphoe Phu Khiao 2037 201 4021 5 4051 4051 2159 Amphoe 6 Kaeng Khro 3001 201 4 2051 2359 202 Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum To 23 202 Phetchabun To 225 Khon Kaen 225 201 1 Chaiyaphum 3002 Amphoe Ban Khwao Amphoe Ban Khwao 1. Ban Khwao Silk Weaving Village 201 Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum 2. Chaopho Phaya Lae Shrine To 3. Prang Ku Nakhon Ratchasima 4. Wat Sila At Phu Phra 5. Mo Hin Khao Amphoe Kaeng Khro 6. Phra Maha Chedi Siri Chaiyaphum Amphoe Phu Khiao 7. Ban Non Salao 8. Phrathat Nong Sam Muen

To Amphoe Chiang Khan 5 201Loei River 4 Amphoe Mueang Loei 21 2 3 2114 2013 Loei Airport 201 2113 6 21 201 To Nong Bua Lam Phu 7 Amphoe Dan Sai 2013 2014 1 8 201 To Phetchabun 3029 Amphoe Nong Hin To Chaiyaphum LOEI Amphoe Dan Sai 6. Wat Phon Chai and the Phi Ta Khon Museum Amphoe Nong Hin 7. Phrathat Si Song Rak 1. Bodhisattva Cave 8. Wat Neramit Wipatsana Amphoe Mueang Loei 2. Chaopho Kut Pong Shrine and City Pillar Shrine 3. Loei Museum 4. Ban Kang Pla Thai-Loei Fabric Weaving Group 5. Museum of Art and Culture of Loei

Day 1 The journey in Chaiyaphum province starts in Amphoe Ban Khwao, where visitors are invited to visit the Ban Khwao Silk Weaving Village, a village famous for producing Matmi silk, and observe how weaving Matmi silk is intertwined with the villager’s way of life. A visit to the village enables visitors to explore the entire silk textiles production process, from rearing silkworms to Matmi making, dyeing, and weaving. Visitors can also purchase the silk products; such as, shawls, necktie, handbag, and ready-to-wear clothing from the villagers. Ban Khwao Silk Weaving Village The signature pattern of Chaiyaphum province is ‘Mi Khan Kho Nari’ while the signature pattern of Ban Khwao is ‘Kho Kaeo Niyom’. Travel to Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum and visit the Chaopho Phaya Lae Shrine, one of the most important historical landmarks in Chaiyaphum province. The Shrine was constructed to honour Chaopho Phaya Lae or Phraya Phakdi Chumphon, who was a citizen of Vientiane but settled down in what is currently Chaiyaphum province. Phraya Phakdi Chumphon and his troops helped Thao Suranari and the people of Khorat fight against Chao Anuwong of Vientiane who had Khorat under siege in 1826, but Chao Anouvong captured and executed Phraya Phakdi Chumphon. The people of Chaiyaphum province then built the Shrine to honour his sacrifice, and the Shrine became the centre of faith for the local people. Chaopho Phaya Lae Shrine 191 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Festivals Chaopho Phraya Lae Festival Held at the Chaopho Phaya Lae Monument between 12 and 20 January of every year, the Festival features a ceremony to pay respect to Chaopho Phaya Lae, silk contest, beauty contest, local performances and stalls selling local products. Bun Duean Hok Festival Another important festival of Chaiyaphum province, the event takes place for 9 days in May and features a procession where the statue of Chaopho Phaya Lae is paraded around town. Prang Ku Call in at Prang Ku, a Khmer sanctuary believed to have been built over 800 years ago as an Arokhayasala (hospital). The laterite and sandstone sanctuary comprises the main Prang (tower) that houses a Buddha image in the subduing Mara posture that was found elsewhere and later placed here, and a Bannalai (library). The two structures are surrounded by a rectangular-shaped boundary wall, and situated to the northeast is a laterite Barai (pond). After lunch, visit Wat Sila At Phu Phra, which Wat Sila At Phu Phra is situated on Phu Phra at around 210 metres above mean sea level. Here visitors can find rock shelters with several engraved bas relief Buddha images believed to be from the 18th- 19th century. Amongst these Buddha images is ‘Phachao Ong Tue’, a gigantic Buddha image measuring 1.52 metres wide and 2.13 metres high. Within the area of the temple is the Lord Buddha’s footprint measuring 1.2 metres wide and 1.8 metres long and a sacred well in which the water from this well is used in many important ceremonies. 192 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Continue to Mo Hin Khao, an important landmark of Chaiyaphum province that is situated in Phu Laen Kha National Park. Literally translates to ‘Hill of White Rocks’, Mo Hin Khao features several groups of large rock formations that are the amazing creation of nature. The most notable group is ‘Sao Hin Ha Ton’ (Five Rock Pillars), the five gigantic sandstone formations that tower around 12 metres high and are said to glow with white light on the nights of Buddhist Holy Days. Other groups consist of rocks in different shapes and sizes, and visitors can also catch a breathtaking view of the sunset from the viewpoint called ‘Pha Hua Nak’, as well as spend the night camping out under the stars here. Phra Maha Chedi Siri Chaiyaphum Day 2 This morning, travel to Amphoe Kaeng Khro to make merit at Phra Maha Chedi Siri Chaiyaphum, which is also known as Phrathat Don Kaeo. Constructed in the Lan Xang style of architecture in 2007, the Chedi is 21 metres high and has a square base with each side measuring 12 metres wide. The Chedi houses the Lord Buddha’s relics while the walls inside the Chedi are chiseled into small lotus-petal-shaped spaces to enshrine 1,000 Lan Xang style Buddha images. Mo Hin Khao

Proceed to Amphoe Phu Khiao to explore the art of Khit weaving at Ban Non Salao, the biggest village of Khit cloth weaving in Chaiyaphum province. Almost every household member is engaged in Khit cloth weaving, both for their own use and for sale. Apart from observing the production process, visitors can also find a variety of products made of Khit cloth including shawls, pillowcases, tablecloths, handbags, and ready-to-wear clothing. Mam One of the popular local delicacies of Chaiyaphum province is called ‘Mam’. Mam is a kind of sausage made from beef, pork, liver, sticky rice, garlic, and salt. Visitors can find stalls selling Mam along the roads in the Chaiyaphum as well as other provinces in the Northeastern region. Phrathat Nong Sam Muen Call in at Phrathat Nong Sam Muen, a highly sacred Chedi of Chaiyaphum province that houses the Lord Buddha’s relics. Named after a swamp located nearby, Phrathat Nong Sam Muen is a Chedi with recessed corners on a square base and measures 45 metres high. The combination of Lanna, Lan Xang, and Ayutthaya styles of architecture indicate that the Chedi might have been constructed around the 16th century during the reign of King Chaiyachetthathirat of the Kingdom of Lan Xang. Within the temple’s grounds are a large reclining Buddha, and ancient Bai Sema (boundary stones) believed to be dating back to the 7th-9th century. Take a lunch break and continue the journey to Loei province in which the first destination is the Bodhisattva Cave or Tham Phothisat in Amphoe Nong Hin. The entrance to the cave is called ‘Sum Badan’ (Underworld Arch) and geologists believe that this place was under the sea 260 million years ago. The Bodhisattva Cave comprises 15 chambers, each of which has different names and features different cave formations including stalactites, stalagmites, and flowstone. Remark: Please contact the staff at the entrance as a visit to the Bodhisattva Cave has to be accompanied by the staff member for safety reasons. 194 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 3 City Pillar Shrine and the Chaopho Kut Pong Shrine Begin the third day in Amphoe Mueang Loei by visiting the City Pillar Shrine and the Chaopho Kut Pong Shrine, which are located next to each other in the heart of the city. Visitors are invited to first go to pay homage to the City Pillar, which is made from golden shower tree and is 170 centimetres high, inside the City Pillar Shrine and then followed by going to pay respect to Chaopho Thongkham inside the Chaopho Kut Pong Shrine. Located next to the Shrines is Kut Pong Park, a public park where the locals enjoy coming to relax under the shady trees. Spend time learning about the history, culture, and traditions of Loei province at the Loei Museum. The Museum is located on the second floor of the Tourism Authority of Thailand, Loei Office, which was the Town Hall building in the past. Established in 2009, the Loei Museum consists of 7 zones that display stories and information to exhibit the symbols and unique identity of Loei province, significant historical and cultural heritages of the province, numerous ethnic groups that reside in the area, as well as various festivals and traditions organised throughout the year in Loei province. Travel to the Ban Kang Pla Thai-Loei Fabric Weaving Group to explore the local wisdom of weaving fabric that has been passed on for many generations. Visitors are invited to observe every step of the traditional cotton fabric weaving process, from selecting the cotton balls to removing the cotton seeds from the cotton balls, fluffing the cotton balls, making hand-spun cotton thread, and weaving the cotton threads into a piece of beautiful cloth. Visitors can also support the villagers by purchasing the cotton products; such as,loincloth,handbag,andready-to-wear Ban Kang Pla Thai-Loei Fabric Weaving Group clothing as a souvenir. 195 ISAN CULTURAL routes

The signature pattern is called ‘Kang Pla’ pattern, which was inspired by the abundance of Kang Pla trees in the village, and ‘Pong Phai’ pattern that is derived from the bamboo tree. Then, make a visit to the Museum of Art and Culture of Loei, which is located within the area of the Loei Rajabhat University. Divided into three zones, the Museum was established with the purpose to present all-round information about Loei province. A visit to the Museum enables visitors to learn about the history, culture, arts, tradition, geography, ethnology, and local way of life of Loei province. Museum of Art and Culture of Loei Then, make a journey to Amphoe Dan Sai to visit Wat Phon Chai, an ancient temple featuring an Ubosot (ordination hall) that enshrines a 400-year-old Buddha image named ‘Luangpho Yai’. Apart from paying homage to the highly revered Luangpho Yai, visitors can also visit the Phi Ta Khon Museum, which is located within the temple’s grounds. Visitors to the Phi Ta Khon Museum can explore the history and traditions behind the world famous Phi Ta Khon Festival. The Museum features a collection of Phi Ta Khon masks and costumes, as well as pictures of the Festival. Visitors can try their hands at drawing and painting Phi Ta Khon masks, and purchase Phi Ta Khon related items; such as, masks, key chains, and T-shirts as souvenirs. 196 Phi Ta Khon Museum ISAN CULTURAL routes

Phi Ta Khon It is not clear of the exact origin of Phi Ta Khon, but it is believed that it originated from a Buddhist Jataka. According to this tale, Prince Vessantara (believed to be the last incarnation of the Lord Buddha before attaining enlightenment) and his consort were sent away to live in the forest. When they were asked to return, the ghosts and animals joined the parade back into town. This parade is called ‘Phi Tam Khon,’ meaning ‘ghost follows humans.’ Over time, it became known as ‘Phi Ta Khon’ as known today. Festival The Bun Luang and Phi Ta Khon Festival The Festival is held in June of every year and features a parade of Phi Ta Khon accompanied by local music and dances. Visitors are welcome to join the procession, and then join the locals to listen to the 13 chapters of the ‘Maha Chat’ or the Great Birth sermon at the temple. Phrathat Si Song Rak Wat Neramit Wipatsana Then, move to the most significant spiritual centre of Dan Sai and the symbol of unity between Thailand and Lao PDR. called Phrathat Si Song Rak. The Chedi was constructed to commemorate the friendship and good faith between Thailand and Lao PDR., and has been an important historical site in Loei province for the past 450 years. Offering red objects or flowers, and wearing or carrying anything red in the area of Phrathat Si Song Rak is prohibited because red symbolises blood and violence, a contradiction of the purpose of the Chedi, which is friendship and unity. Complete the journey by going to make merit at Wat Neramit Wipatsana, a temple that features a beautiful laterite Ubosot. Here, visitors can pay homage to the Buddha image named ‘Phra Phuttha Chinnarat’, which is enshrined inside the Ubosot, and observe the magnificent murals that showcase the exceptional artistic skill of the Dan Sai artists. 197 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Contact Information Amphoe Kaeng Khro Chaiyaphum Phra Maha Chedi Siri Chaiyaphum N16° 01.797’ E102° 04.384’ Amphoe Ban Khwao Ban Phu Song Chan, Tambon Kao Ya Di, Amphoe Kaeng Khro, Chaiyaphum Ban Khwao Silk Weaving Village N15° 45.877’ E101° 54.863’ Amphoe Phu Khiao Ban Khwao Silk Promotion Centre Tambon Ban Khwao, Amphoe Ban Khwao, Ban Non Salao Chaiyaphum N16° 20.866’ E102° 03.653’ +66 (0) 4489 1409 Ban Non Salao Khit Cloth Weaving Group Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. 72 Mu 11, Tambon Nong Tum, Remark: Please make an appointment Amphoe Phu Khiao, Chaiyaphum in advance. Prayat Chitkhot +66 (8) 1073 3258 Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Chaopho Phaya Lae Shrine Phrathat Nong Sam Muen N15° 47.847’ E102° 00.678’ N16° 22.839’ E102° 02.703’ Near Nong Pla Thao Swamp, Tambon Nai Ban Kaeng, Tambon Ban Kaeng, Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum, Amphoe Phu Khiao, Chaiyaphum Chaiyaphum Every day 6.00 a.m. – 7.00 p.m. LOEI Prang Ku Amphoe Nong Hin N15° 48.372’ E102° 02.642’ Bannakan Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Bodhisattva Cave Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum, Chaiyaphum N17° 05.200’ E101° 46.990’ Ban Puan Phu, Tambon Puan Phu, Wat Sila At Phu Phra Amphoe Nong Hin, Loei N15° 54.942’ E102° 03.561’ Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. Ban Na Kai Sao, Tambon Na Siao, 100 Baht per group of less than 10 persons Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum, Chaiyaphum Amphoe Mueang Loei Mo Hin Khao N16° 03.904’ E101° 57.997’ Chaopho Kut Pong Shrine and City Pillar Shrine Phu Laen Kha National Park N17° 29.230’ E101° 43.736’ Tambon Huai Ton, Amphoe Mueang Chaiyaphum, Soet Si Road, Tambon Kut Pong, Chaiyaphum Amphoe Mueang Loei, Loei +66 (0) 4481 0902-3 Every day 6.00 a.m. – 10.00 p.m. Every day 6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. 100 Baht for adults and 50 Baht for children 198 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Loei Museum Useful contact information N17° 29.074’ E101° 43.854’ in Chaiyaphum and Loei Tourism Authority of Thailand, Loei Office (Former Town Hall building) Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Charoen Rat Road, Tambon Kut Pong, Amphoe Mueang Loei, Loei Nakhon Ratchasima Office +66 (0) 4281 2812, +66 (0) 4281 1405 Every day 8.00 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. (Responsible areas: Chaiyaphum and Nakhon Ban Kang Pla Thai-Loei Fabric Weaving Group Ratchasima) N17° 31.750’ E101° 44.207’ 177 Mu 9, Ban Kang Pla, Tambon Chaiyaphruek, +66 (0) 4421 3666, +66 (0) 4421 3030 Amphoe Mueang Loei, Loei Chalat Saowanon Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Loei Office +66 (0) 4283 5104 (Responsible areas: Loei and Nong Bua Lam Phu) Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. +66 (0) 4281 2812, +66 (0) 4281 1405 Museum of Art and Culture of Loei N17° 32.251’ E101° 43.435’ Highway Police 1193 Loei Rajabhat University Tourist Police 1155 243 Loei-Chiang Khan Road, Tambon Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Loei, Loei Please visit +66 (0) 4283 5223-8 ext. 45128 www.tourismthailand.org/Chaiyaphum www.maloei.com for more information on accommodation, Every day 8.00 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. (closed on public restaurants, and attractions in Chaiyaphum. holidays) www.tourismthailand.org/Loei for more information on accommodation, Amphoe Dan Sai restaurants, and attractions in Loei. Wat Phon Chai and the Phi Ta Khon Museum Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour N17° 16.469’ E101° 08.925’ guide when travelling this route, as there may be a 85 Kaeo A-sa Road, Mu 3, Ban Doen, language barrier. Tambon Dan Sai, Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei Every day 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Phrathat Si Song Rak N17° 16.150’ E101° 08.290’ Mu 14, Ban Na Yung, Tambon Dan Sai, Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei Wat Neramit Wipatsana N17° 16.060’ E101° 08.508’ Mu 14, Ban Na Yung, Tambon Dan Sai, Amphoe Dan Sai, Loei 199 ISAN CULTURAL routes