ISAN CULTURAL ROUTES

Contact Information Amphoe Khun Han SI SA KET Wat Pa Maha Chedi Kaeo N14° 37.110’ E104° 25.158’ Amphoe Mueang Si Sa Ket Mu 2, Ban Don, Tambon Non Sung, Amphoe Khun Han, Si Sa Ket Wat Maha Phuttharam N15° 07.063’ E104° 19.724’ Amphoe Kantharalak Khu Khan Road, Tambon Mueang Nuea, Amphoe Mueang Si Sa Ket, Si Sa Ket Khao Phra Wihan National Park and Pha Mo I Daeng N14° 23.900’ E104° 40.841’ Wat Phrathat Suphannahong Khao Phra Wihan National Park N15° 11.620’ E104° 17.786’ Ban Phum Saron, Tambon Sao Thongchai, Ban Nam Sap, Tambon Samet, Amphoe Kantharalak, Si Sa Ket Mu 5, Ban Wan, Tambon Nam Kham, +66 (0) 4582 6045 Amphoe Mueang Si Sa Ket, Si Sa Ket http://park.dnp.go.th 400 Baht for adults and 200 Baht for children Amphoe Uthumphon Phisai Amphoe Warin Chamrap Prasat Sa Kamphaeng Noi N15° 08.738’ E104° 14.799’ Wat Nong Pah Pong Wat Sa Kamphaeng Noi, Tambon Khayung, N15° 09.475’ E104° 49.922’ Amphoe Uthumphon Phisai, Si Sa Ket 46 Mu 10, Ban Phong Sawang, Tambon Non Phueng, Amphoe Warin Chamrap, Prasat Sa Kamphaeng Yai Ubon Ratchathani N15° 06.138’ E104° 07.696’ www.watnongpahpong.org Wat Sa Kamphaeng Yai, Pradit Prachairat Road, Every day 8.00 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. Mu 1, Tambon Sa Kamphaeng Yai, Amphoe Uthumphon Phisai, Si Sa Ket Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchatani Amphoe Huai Thap Than Wat Thung Si Mueang N15° 13.799’ E104° 51.663’ Prasat Ban Prasat 95 Luang Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, N15° 06.625’ E104° 01.678’ Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Wat Prasat, Tambon Prasat, Amphoe Huai Thap Ubon Ratchathani Than, Si Sa Ket Amphoe Prang Ku Prasat Prang Ku N14° 51.163’ E103° 59.067’ Tambon Prang Ku, Amphoe Prang Ku, Si Sa Ket Prasat Ban Samo N14° 49.063’ E104° 06.604’ Ban Thammachan, Tambon Samo, Amphoe Prang Ku, Si Sa Ket 50 ISAN CULTURAL routes Phimai Historical Park

Ubon Ratchathani National Museum Useful contact information N15° 13.670’ E104° 51.456’ IN Si Sa Ket and Ubon Ratchathani 318 Khuean Thani Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Ubon Ratchathani +66 (0) 4525 1015 Ubon Ratchathani Office Wednesday to Sunday 9.00 a.m. – 4.00 p.m. 100 Baht (Responsible areas: Amnat Charoen, Si Sa Ket, Wat Burapharam Ubon Ratchathani, and Yasothon) N15° 13.919’ E104° 52.471’ Phalo Rang Rit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, +66 (0) 4524 3770, +66 (0) 4525 0714 Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Ubon Ratchathani Highway Police 1193 Tourist Police 1155 Wat Si Pradu N15° 14.167’ E104° 52.487’ Please visit Sapphasit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, www.tourismthailand.org/Si-Sa-Ket Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, for more information on accommodation, Ubon Ratchathani restaurants, and attractions in Si Sa Ket www.tourismthailand.org/Ubon-Ratchathani for more information on accommodation, restaurants, and attractions in Ubon Ratchathani. Wat Maha Wanaram Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour N15° 14.101’ E104° 51.803’ guide when travelling this route, as there may be a Sapphasit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, language barrier. Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Ubon Ratchathani Wat Phrathat Nong Bua N15° 15.800’ E104° 50.340’ Thammawithi Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Ubon Ratchathani Ban Pa-Ao Brassware Handicraft Preservation Centre N15° 21.546’ E104° 43.688’ Mu 5, Tambon Pa Ao, Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani, Ubon Ratchathani Boonmee Lomwong +66 (8) 1548 4292 51 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 4 UBON RATCHATHANI – AMNAT CHAROEN (ALONG THE MEKONG RIVER) The Route of Magical Natural Phenomenon, Remarkable Arts and Culture, and Simple Way of Life along the Mekong River Introduction: The Ubon Ratchathani – Amnat Charoen route along the Mekong River begins in Ubon Ratchathani province, which is full of amazing attractions and is where the Mekong River serves as the lifeblood of many communities with unique ways of life. Witness the four-thousand-year-old prehistoric paintings at Pha Taem and unfold the wonders of rock formations crafted by years of erosion at Sam Phan Bok before continuing the journey to admire the beauty of the Mekong River in Amnat Charoen province. 52 ISAN CULTURAL routes

To Mukdahan 18 Lao PDR. Ubon Ratchathani 2034 17 Mekong River Amphoe Sirindhorn 1. Wat Sirindhorn Wararam Phu Phrao Amphoe 2. Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border Chanuman Amphoe Khong Chiam 2242 16 3. Wat Tham Khuha Sawan 4. Bi-coloured River Viewpoint Amphoe 2050 2112 5. Ban Kum Khemarat 14 6. Ban Tha Long 13 7. Pha Taem National Park AMUNBOATN CRHAATRCOHEANTHANI Amphoe Mekong River 8. Sao Chaliang Na Tan Amphoe Pho Sai 4016 9. Ban Pha Chan 10. Sao Chaliang Yai 15 11. Sam Phan Bok 12. Hat Salueng (boat excursion along the 2337 12 Mekong River) 2112 11 Amphoe Na Tan 4090 9 13. Ban Khan Phalan 2050 14. Wat Phra To Ban Pak Saeng 10 (Phrahao Yai Ong Tue) Amphoe Pho Sai 2050 2112 Amphoe Khemarat 15. Wat Tham Phra 2134 Sila Thong Museum 2135 (Tambon Chiat Museum) 16. Wat Pho 8 (Phrachao Yai Ong Saen) 17. Wat Up Mung 2368 (Phrachao Yai Up Mung or Prachao Yai Ong Muen) 2112 7 Amnat Charoen Amphoe 6 Khong Chiam 5 Amphoe Chanuman 18. Mekong Viewpoint at To Amphoe Mueang 2134 Mekong River Ubon Ratchathani Chanuman Sub-district Municipality (Yak Khu Pier) 2222 2222 3 Mun River 4 Amphoe Sirindhorn 2173 217 1 2 To Amphoe Mueang Ubon Ratchathani Sirindhorn 217 Dam Lao PDR.

Day 1 The trip starts from Amphoe Sirindhorn and although Amphoe Sirindhorn is not located by the Mekong River, there are numerous interesting places that visitors can visit. Set off by visiting Wat Sirindhorn Wararam Phu Phrao, a temple with a beautiful Ubosot (ordination hall) featuring a picture of an enormous wishing tree painted on the wall. A visit in the evening enables visitors to see the wishing tree with a Wat Sirindhorn Wararam Phu Phrao luminous green glow. The temple also has a viewpoint that offers a spectacular view of the Mekong River and the neighbouring countryside. Then, visit the Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border, which is the boundary between Thailand and Lao PDR. It serves as an immigration checkpoint where visitors can cross into Lao PDR., as well as purchase a variety of souvenirs and local products. Visit Southern Lao PDR. through the Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border Crossing Visitors can visit Southern Lao PDR. (Pakse and Bolaven Plateau in Champasak province) by crossing the Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border. Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 depending on the passport of origin. Operating Hours: Every day 6.00 a.m. – 8.00 p.m. Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border Wat Tham Khuha Sawan Take a lunch break and continue the journey to Amphoe Khong Chiam to visit Wat Tham Khuha Sawan. The temple was built in 1978 by Luangpu Kham Khaning Chunlamani, who is believed to have visited the cave of the Naga under the water. Visitors can pay respect to the body of Luangpu Kham Khaning, which is kept in a glass coffin. 54 ISAN CULTURAL routes

From the temple, visitors are recommended to go to one of the most popular attractions in Amphoe Khong Chiam, which is the Bi-coloured River Viewpoint. The bi-coloured river is where the Mekong River, which is brown in colour, meets the Mun River, which is blue in colour. There are many places to see the beautiful mix of colours; such as, in front of Wat Khong Chiam, some parts of Huai Mak Village, and from Don Dan Pak Mun at Ban Woen Buek. Apart from marvelling at the natural beauty of the bi-coloured river, visitors can also observe the traditional river-based way of life of the local people and witness their fishing activities. Ban Kum Ban Tha Long Day 2 Start the second day by visiting the Ban Kum Natural Dyed Cotton Weaving Group in Ban Kum and take the time to learn and participate in every step of the cotton textile production process, starting from ‘io’ – removing the cotton seeds from the cotton balls, to ‘dit’ – fluffing the cotton balls, then ‘lo’ – rolling the fluffed cotton balls into slivers, and ‘khen’ – spinning the slivers to produce cotton yarns. Apart from learning the production process, visitors can also purchase the cotton textiles as souvenirs. Then move on to Ban Tha Long, a river-based community that belongs to the Bru ethnic group that migrated from Lao PDR., and is known for their exceptional basketry-weaving skills. The villagers use the skin of bamboo to give the finished products a soft green colour and a delicate scent. Visitors to Ban Tha Long are able to discover the river-based way of life and admire the beauty of the Mekong River by cycling through the community and stopping by to observe the basketry production process that can be seen in almost every household. Bi-coloured River Viewpoint

After lunch, spend the afternoon exploring Pha Taem National Park, which is endowed with beautiful natural attractions, intriguing cultural heritage, and traces of historical settlements. One of the most interesting attractions is Pha Taem, which offers a spectacular view of the Mekong River meandering through lush green forests and also boasts an important historical site dating back 3,000 to 4,000 years. A walkway takes visitors to the 180-metre- long cliff face containing the prehistoric paintings of various pictures including animals, figures of people, hands, geometric design, and fishing equipment. Pha Taem Situated around 15 kilometres from Pha Taem is Sao Chaliang (Rock Pillar), natural rock sculptures in a mushroom shape with shell fossils engraved in their textures. Geologists believe that this area was a sea millions of years ago, and the wind and water have created these amazing natural sculptures. Then, travel to Amphoe Pho Sai and visit Ban Pha Chan (Steep Cliff Village), which received its name from the steep cliffs Sao Chaliang on both sides of the Mekong Riverbanks. From the Pha Chan Pier, visitors can take a boat trip to observe the fisherman’s way of life by the Mekong River and explore nearby attractions; such as, Pha Tualek (Numbers Cliff) and Pha Sam Muen Ru (Thirty Thousand Holes Cliff), which is a rock cliff with thousands of holes that were carved by years of erosion. Disembark at Pha Chan Pier, a perfect place to call it a day because this is a spot where visitors can catch the dazzling sunset over the Mekong River. 56 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 3 Early morning when the sun is not too hot, visit Sao Chaliang Yai Sao Chaliang Yai, the biggest natural rock formation in Thailand. Sao Chaliang Yai (Big Rock Pillar) is in the shape of a mushroom and was formed millions of years ago by water and wind erosion as well as the heat from the sun that caused the rock to expand and crack over the course of time. Situated close by are the Ancient Coffin, made from a tree trunk and placed under a rock shelter, and Suan Hin Phu Krabo that comprises numerous small Sao Chaliang scattered around the area. Continue the journey along the Mekong River to Sam Phan Bok, which is one of the must-visit places in Ubon Ratchathani province that features a natural phenomenon of spectacular rock sculptures caused by powerful whirlpools of the Mekong River. ‘Sam Phan Bok’ (Three Thousand Holes) got its name from the many holes formed over thousands of years, in which the holes vary in size and shape; such as, a heart or a Mickey Mouse head. It is best to visit Sam Phan Bok between November and June, when the water level is low. Spend the afternoon on a boat excursion along the Mekong River by embarking from the Ban Song Khon Pier in Amphoe Pho Sai. The full-length excursion is from Hat Salueng to Lan Hin Si, but visitors can also choose a shorter route. Some of the highlights along the cruise includes Hat Salueng, a curved beach located by the pier that only appears when the water level is low between January and April. Another interesting place is Pak Bong, which is the narrowest part of the Mekong River measuring 56 metres in width. There is an abundance of fish around this area and villagers have a unique way of catching fish by using a swing made from bamboo and net to catch the fish when the water level is low. Situated not far from Pak Bong, Pha Wat Chai is a cataract with an overhanging rock. Visitors can get off the boat and walk to the cliff, which is one of the best places to capture the breathtaking scenery of the Mekong River. The boat trip also takes visitors to see Hin Hua Phaniang, an enormous rock formation that divides the Mekong River into two streams in the shape of a plough handle. Sam Phan Bok

Festival Tak Pla Festival Around January or February of every year, the villagers of Ban Song Khon gather at Pak Bong to participate in a fishing activity called ‘Tak Pla Festival’ or ‘Scooping Fish Festival’. This festival is different from other fishing festivals in that participants are not allowed to use hooks or nets, but must use large spoons to scoop up the fish instead. Ban Khan Phalan After the boat excursion, travel to Amphoe Na Tan and visit Ban Khan Phalan, a village known for producing 100% chemical-free indigo-dyed cotton fabric using an ancient method passed on for many generations. Visitors are also welcome to learn the step-by-step production process from the villagers before purchasing the indigo-dyed fabric the villagers produce as a keepsake. Finish the day by visiting Wat Phra To Ban Pak Saeng (Prachao Yai Ong Tue), which enshrines one of the ancient ‘Three Buddha Images’ named ‘Prachao Yai Ong Tue’. Built in 637, the Buddha image in the Subduing Mara posture is highly revered by the people of Ubon Ratchathani province and Lao PDR. There is an annual festival held to pay respect to the Buddha image between the 9th and 15th days of the waxing moon of the third lunar month (around February). Day 4 Wat Tham Phra Sila Thong Museum (Tambon Chiat Museum) Begin the last day by tracing the history of the human settlement at Wat Tham Phra Sila Thong Museum (Tambon Chiat Museum) in Amphoe Khemarat. The Museum exhibits human skeletons, jewellery, beads, utensils, and a model of an excavation pit. It is believed that this area, also known as the Don Rai Archaeological Site, was an ancient burial site dating from the late Iron Age period. 58 ISAN CULTURAL routes

A visit to Amphoe Khemarat in Ubon Ratchathani province would not be complete without paying respect to the ‘Three Buddha Images’ highly revered by the locals; namely, Phrachao Yai Ong Muen, Phrachao Yai Ong Saen, and Phrachao Yai Ong Tue (currently enshrined at a Wat Phra To Ban Pak Saeng (Prachao Yai Ong Tue) in Amphoe Na Tan). From the Museum, proceed to Wat Pho (Phrachao Yai Ong Saen) to pay homage to Phrachao Yai Ong Saen, a Buddha image in the subduing Mara posture facing north towards the Mekong River. Legend has it that the Buddha image was found over 200 years ago. The temple also organises an annual festival to pay homage to the Buddha image on the full moon day of the fourth lunar month (around March). Then go to pay respect to the last Buddha Wat Pho (Phrachao Yai Ong Saen) image of the ‘Three Budda Images’ at Wat Up Mung (Phrachao Yai Up Mung or Phrachao Yai Ong Muen). The temple houses Phrachao Yai Up Mung or Phrachao Yai Ong Muen, a Buddha image under the cover of an 11-headed Naga which was found inside the earthen stupa in 1806 by local villagers. Complete the trip along the Ubon Ratchathani – Amnat Charoen route by calling in at the Mekong Viewpoint at Chanuman Sub-district Municipality (Yak Khu Pier) in Amphoe Chanuman of Amnat Charoen province. The Chanuman Sub-district Municipality Office serves as a Thai-Lao Temporarily Permitted Area and features a viewpoint where visitors enjoy a panoramic view of the Mekong River. It is also called ‘Yak Khu Pier’, which is derived from ‘Yak Khukkhao’ (kneeling giant), from the Ramakian legend in which a giant was believed to kneel in defeat at this spot. Festival Yak Khu Chanuman Festival Amphoe Chanuman organises the Yak Khu Chanuman Festival every year around April (the exact date varies from year to year). At the festival, visitors enjoy several activities; such as, the Chanuman Beauty Contest and folk performances. The highlight is the Yak Khu Procession in which an enormous figure of a kneeling giant is paraded around town, accompanied by people dressed as giants. 59 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Contact Information Ubon Ratchathani Pha Taem National Park N15° 23.949’ E105° 30.496’ (Headquarter) Amphoe Sirindhorn N15° 23.917’ E105° 30.450’ (Pha Taem) Tambon Huai Phai, Amphoe Khong Chiam, Wat Sirindhorn Wararam Phu Phrao Ubon Ratchathani N15° 08.920’ E105° 28.065’ +66 (0) 4525 2581 Tambon Chong Mek, Amphoe Sirindhorn, http://park.dnp.go.th Ubon Ratchathani 400 Baht for adults and 200 Baht for children Chong Mek Thai-Lao Border Sao Chaliang N15° 08.028’ E105° 27.954’ N15° 24.263’ E105° 30.124’ Tambon Chong Mek, Amphoe Sirindhorn, Tambon Huai Phai, Amphoe Khong Chiam, Ubon Ratchathani Ubon Ratchathani +66 (0) 4598 5107 Passport with at least 6 months validity and one Amphoe Pho Sai passport-size photo Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 Ban Pha Chan depending on the passport of origin N15° 45.381’ E105° 29.709’ Every day 6.00 a.m. – 8.00 p.m. Ban Pha Chan Eco-tourism Group Ban Pha Chan, Tambon Samrong, Amphoe Khong Chiam Amphoe Pho Sai, Ubon Ratchathani +66 (8) 9720 8900 Wat Tham Khuha Sawan N15° 19.301’ E105° 29.283’ Sao Chaliang Yai Tambon Khong Chiam, Amphoe Khong Chiam, N15° 44.795’ E105° 29.497’ Ubon Ratchathani Ban Pha Chan, Tambon Samrong, Amphoe Pho Sai, Ubon Ratchathani Bi-coloured River Viewpoint N15° 19.083’ E105° 30.067’ Sam Phan Bok Tambon Khong Chiam, Amphoe Khong Chiam, N15° 47.717’ E105° 23.800’ Ubon Ratchathani Ban Pong Pao, Tambon Lao Ngam, Amphoe Pho Sai, Ubon Ratchathani Ban Kum N15° 23.444’ E105° 29.691’ Hat Salueng Ban Kum Natural Dyed Cotton Weaving Group N15° 49.378’ E105° 23.194’ Mu 3, Ban Kum, Tambon Huai Phai, Amphoe (Ban Song Khon Pier) Khong Chiam, Ubon Ratchathani Ban Song Khon, Tambon Song Khon, Sanit Sinthip Amphoe Pho Sai, Ubon Ratchathani +66 (8) 8708 1140 Remark: Visitors that wish to enjoy the boat Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. excursion along the Mekong River can embark from the Ban Song Khon Pier here. Ban Tha Long N15° 24.268’ E105° 33.832’ Mu 5, Tambon Huai Phai, Amphoe Khong Chiam, Ubon Ratchathani 60 ISAN CULTURAL routes Phimai Historical Park

Amphoe Na Tan Amnat Charoen Ban Khan Phalan Amphoe Chanuman N15° 53.161’ E105° 21.477’ Khan Phalan Housewives Group Mekong Viewpoint at Chanuman Sub-district Ban Khan Phalan, Tambon Na Tan, Municipality (Yak Khu Pier) Amphoe Na Tan, Ubon Ratchathani Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. N16° 13.473’ E105° 00.815’ Chanuman Sub-district Municipality Tambon Chanuman, Amphoe Chanuman, Amnat Charoen Wat Phra To Ban Pak Saeng Useful contact information (Phrahao Yai Ong Tue) IN Ubon Ratchathani and Amnat Charoen N15° 56.041’ E105° 20.254’ Ban Pak Saeng, Tambon Phalan, Amphoe Na Tan, Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Ubon Ratchathani Ubon Ratchathani Office Amphoe Khemarat (Responsible areas: Amnat Charoen, Si Sa Ket, Wat Tham Phra Sila Thong Museum (Tambon Chiat Museum) Ubon Ratchathani, and Yasothon) N15° 51.244’ E105° 12.741’ +66 (0) 4524 3770, +66 (0) 4525 0714 Ban Na Nong Chueak, Tambon Chiat, Amphoe Khemarat, Ubon Ratchathani Highway Police 1193 Prasong Phoklang Tourist Police 1155 +66 (0) 4524 4531 Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Please visit www.tourismthailand.org/Ubon-Ratchathani Wat Pho (Phrachao Yai Ong Saen) for more information on accommodation, N16° 02.570’ E105° 13.405’ restaurants, and attractions in Ubon Ratchathani. 109 Kong Phaniang Road, Tambon Khemarat, www.tourismthailand.org/Amnat-Charoen Amphoe Khemarat, Ubon Ratchathani for more information on accommodation, restaurants, and attractions in Amnat Charoen. Wat Up Mung (Phrachao Yai Up Mung or Prachao Yai Ong Muen) Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour guide when travelling this route, as there may be a N16° 04.050’ E105° 08.945’ language barrier. Ban Up Mung, Tambon Khemarat, Amphoe Khemarat, Ubon Ratchathani 61 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 5 YASOTHON – AMNAT CHAROEN The Excursion to Uncover the Secrets Behind Beautiful Bamboo Basketry and Intricate Khit Cloth, and Explore the Stunning Architecture of Buddhist Temples Introduction: The journey of the Yasothon – Amnat Charoen route starts from Yasothon province, where visitors enjoy wandering through the life of yesteryear at Ban Sing Tha Old Town, learning the art of bamboo weaving from local villagers, as well as admiring the beauty of architecture at both Buddhist temples and a Catholic church. Travel further to Amnat Charoen province to observe the making of beautiful Khit cloth, witness the thousand-year-old boundary stones at Wat Pho Sila, and appreciate the extraordinary art and architecture at Wat Phra Lao Thep Nimit. 62 ISAN CULTURAL routes

To Mukdahan To Roi Et 2136 212 6 To Roi Et 2047 2116 To 4013 Mukdahan Amphoe 2169 Loeng Nok Tha 212 5 7 To 4021 Amnat Charoen 4013 Amphoe To Roi Et Thai Charoen Amphoe Kut Chum 23 Amphoe Amphoe 2169 Sai Mun Pa Tio 3 202 202 Amphoe To Mueang Yasothon Amnat Charoen 1 2 4 2043 To Roi Et Chi River 23 Amphoe Yasothon Kham Khuean Kaeo Amphoe Mueang Yasothon 1. Wat Maha That 2083 2. Ban Sing Tha Old Town 3. Ban Thung Nang Ok 2227 8 4. That Kong Khao Noi Amphoe To Amphoe Sai Mun Maha Chana Chai Ubon Ratchathani 5. Wat Sa Trai Nurak 2351 Amphoe Loeng Nok Tha 6. Wat Phu Tham Phra To Si Sa Ket Amphoe Thai Charoen Amphoe 7. Saint Michael’s Church Kho Wang Amphoe Maha Chana Chai 8. Wat Phra Phutthabat Yasothon To Si Sa Ket

Amnat Charoen To Mukdahan Amphoe Hua Taphan 1. Ban Kham Phra 2034 Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen Amphoe Mekong River 2. Phra Mongkhon Ming Mueang Chanuman 3. Wat Tham Saeng Phet 3006 Amphoe Lue Amnat 4. Thousand-Year-Old Sema Historic Site Amphoe Phana 5. Wat Phra Lao Thep Nimit To Yasothon Amphoe Senangkhanikhom 212 To Ubon Ratchathani To 202 23 202 Amphoe Pathum Yasothon Ratchawongsa Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen 212 1 Amphoe 5 To 4 Lue Amnat Ubon Ratchathani Amphoe Hua Taphan 2134 2210 Amphoe Phana 2049 To Ubon Ratchathani

Day 1 Begin the trip in Amphoe Mueang Yasothon and visit Wat Maha That, an important temple that was built when Yasothon city was established. Enshrined within the Ubosot (ordination hall) is Phra Phuttha Patima Butsayarat or Phra Kaeo Yot Nam Khang, which is a seated Buddha image in the attitude of meditation made from clear glass and measuring 4.83 centimetres wide at the lap and 8.64 centimetres high. In front of the Ubosot is Phrathat Yasothon, also known as Phrathat Anon, which is a 25.30-centimetre-high pagoda built in the Laotian style of architecture and houses the relics of Phra Anon (one of Lord Buddha’s ten principal disciples). Also located within the compound is Ho Trai (scripture hall), built on stilts in the middle of a pond, that features beautiful carved wooden doors and murals that mirror the Central Region style of art. Wat Maha That Festival Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival Usually held around the 2nd week of May of every year, the Bun Ban Fai Rocket Festival is associated with the ancient belief to ask the holy spirits for plentiful seasonal rain during the rice cultivation period. The Festival features a rocket procession and the launching of rockets. Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival 65 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Then, spend time strolling around Ban Sing Tha Old Town, which is where the first community settled in Yasothon province. Traces of flourishing culture in the past shine through several 200-year-old Sino-Portuguese buildings, some of which are made of wood and some are made of brick. Located within the area is Wat Sing Tha, a temple that enshrines an ancient Buddha image in the subduing Mara posture measuring 3 metres wide at the lap that was unearthed from an excavation activity in the temple’s grounds. Nearby is the City Pillar Shrine where visitors can observe the stunning combination of Thai, Chinese and Lao architecture. A special characteristic is that there are three city pillars, in which the central pillar is the city pillar while the other two pillars serve as the protector of the main city pillar. Ban Sing Tha Old Town Travel to Ban Thung Nang Ok, a village known for making all kinds of bamboo basketry, in particular the ‘Kratip’ (sticky rice bamboo container), which has been part of the way of life of people in the Northeastern region for a long time. The villagers are very welcoming and are more than happy to teach visitors to weave the bamboo strips into a basket of various patterns. Visitors can also support the community by purchasing the Kratip as a souvenir. Ban Thung Nang Ok Ban Sing Tha Old Town

Wat Sa Trai Nurak Wat Phu Tham Phra In the afternoon, travel to Amphoe Sai Mun to visit Wat Sa Trai Nurak, a temple that houses an ancient Ho Trai in the middle of a pond, which protects the ancient palm-leaf Buddhist scriptures from termites and insects. Illustrating an exquisite Burmese style of architecture, the wooden Ho Trai measures 8.30 metres wide and 10.50 metres long and features a beautifully carved front door. Continue the journey to Amphoe Loeng Nok Tha to visit Wat Phu Tham Phra, a rock shelter that looks like a large cave, measuring 6 metres wide and 16 metres long. Surrounded by shady trees, Wat Phu Tham Phra houses countless ancient Buddha images, some were carved wood images while some were made of bronze. There are several other caves; such as, Tham Kliang, Tham Kheng, Tham Phrommabut, and Tham Kia, that visitors can also explore. Wat Phu Tham Phra is believed to be a sacred place and those who go into the forest would come here to pray for good luck and protection from danger. Finish the first day by travelling to Ban Nong Saint Michael’s Church Song Yae in Amphoe Thai Charoen to visit Saint Michael’s Church, also known by the 67 locals as Ban Song Yae Church. Most of the Thai ISAN CULTURAL routes people in Ban Nong Song Yae are Catholics, and they joined hands in building this church over 100 years ago. The uniqueness of Saint Michael’s Church that made this church one of the Unseen Thailand destinations is that this large wooden building is constructed in the Thai style of architecture and is decorated with wood carvings depicting the life of Jesus. Then, travel to spend a night in Amphoe Mueang Yasothon.

Day 2 Start the second day by calling in at That Kong Khao Noi, which is located in Amphoe Mueang Yasothon. The subject of a famous folktale in Thailand, That Kong Khao Noi is a small brick pagoda that resembles the shape of the ancient sticky rice container. The pagoda has an octagonal base with a unique spire and is believed to have been built over 200 years ago. Legend has it that a young farmer built That Kong Khao Noi out of repentance. While working on a farm, he was hungry and saw only a small amount of rice in the sticky rice container packed by his mother. He killed her and later discovered that there was so much rice that he could not finish and realised his wrongdoing. That Kong Khao Noi Travel to Amphoe Maha Chana Chai and spend time exploring several important places of interest at Wat Phra Phutthabat Yasothon. First is a marble hall enshrining the Lord Buddha’s footprint, a sandstone Buddha image, and a sandstone inscription with a message stating that the Buddha image was brought from Ayutthaya in the year 835. Located nearby is Chedi Maha Chana Chai, a 45-metre-high white Chedi that enshrines a white Uppakhut Buddha image on the first floor, wax figures of 8 revered monks on the second floor, and the Lord Buddha’s relics on the top floor. There is also a magnificent Ubosot that is constructed in a contemporary style of architecture and houses the biggest white jade Buddha image in Thailand, measuring 2.31 metres wide and 3.7 metres high. Wat Phra Phutthabat Yasothon 68 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Ban Kham Phra After lunch, travel to Ban Kham Phra, located in Amphoe Hua Taphan in Amnat Charoen province, which is a village known for weaving Khit cloth. Spend the afternoon at the Tambon Kham Phra Community Enterprise Centre, where visitors can learn all the steps of Khit cloth production, from dyeing the cotton yarns with natural dyes to weaving the yarns into a variety of patterns. Here, visitors can witness the longest Khit cloth in the world, in which the community members got together to weave the 2,199.99-metre-long Khit cloth with 72 colours and 72 patterns to celebrate the 72nd Birthday Anniversary of King Bhumibol Adulyadej in 1999. Visitors can also purchase several handicrafts made from Khit cloth, including ready-to-wear clothing, shawl, handbag, and pillow. ‘Khit’ means ‘to scratch or scrape with a stick’. It is a kind of weaving technique using a stick to raise the threads while weaving the patterns, resulting in a beautiful embossed patterns on the cloth. 69 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 3 Get up early and go to Buddha Utthayan, located in Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen, to pay homage to Phra Mongkhon Ming Mueang, also referred to as Phra Yai. Measuring 11 metres across the lap and 20 metres tall, the Buddha image is in the subduing Mara posture and illustrates the influence of the Northern India (Pala) style of art. Visitors can see locals regularly come to make merit here, as Phra Yai is a historic Buddha image that is highly revered by the people of Amnat Charoen and Ubon Ratchathani provinces. Phra Mongkhon Ming Mueang After that, go to Wat Tham Saeng Phet, a branch of Wang Nong Pah Pong of the late Luangpu Chah Subhaddo. Situated on Khao Kham, a cave was discovered by Luangpu Chah on his pilgrimage in 1968, and later the local communities who respect Luangpu Chah built the temple here as a meditation practice centre. The cave was named ‘Tham Saeng Phet’ (Diamond’s Ray Cave) because of the glittering rocks inside the cave when exposed to light, while some people called it ‘Tham Yai’ (Big Cave) due to its size. Visitors can pay homage to the Buddha images inside Tham Saeng Phet, and then walk to another cave nearby named ‘Tham Kho Non’ (Sleeping Cow Cave), which features a statue of a sleeping cow in front of the cave and also houses several Buddha images as well. Wat Tham Saeng Phet

Thousand-Year-Old Sema Historic Site Take a lunch break and travel to Amphoe Lue Amnat to Wat Pho Sila, a temple that features a Thousand-Year-Old Sema Historic Site that is surrounded by lush forest. The Site houses 50 ancient Bai Sema (boundary stones) that were discovered during the restoration of the temple’s grounds in 1989, but only 2 of them were in perfect condition. It was discovered that these Bai Sema date back over 1,000 years ago to the Dvaravati period around the 7th-8th century. Made of sandstone, these Bai Sema were made in the Prei Kmeng (ancient Khmer) style of art with patterns that indicated the faith in Buddhism; such as, Dhammachak (Wheel of Doctrine) pattern. Bai Sema is a boundary stone that serves as a marker to designate the sacred area for the Ubosot within the Buddhist temple ground. 71 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Wat Phra Lao Thep Nimit Continue the journey to Amphoe Phana and visit Wat Phra Lao Thep Nimit. The temple is home to a stunning Lanna-style Ubosot that enshrines a Buddha image named ‘Phra Lao Thep Nimit’, in which the construction of both the Ubosot and the Buddha image took 13 years, 7 months, and 3 days to complete in 1733. The uniqueness of the Ubosot lies at the tympanum, which features a picture of ‘Rahu Om Chan’ (an Eclipse God Deity swallowing the Moon). Considered one of the most beautiful Buddha images of the Northeastern region, Phra Lao Thep Nimit is in the subduing Mara posture and reflects the Laotian style of art. The Buddha image is decorated by gold leaf, and measures 2.80 metres wide and 2.70 metres high. The locals frequently come to pay homage to the Buddha image for good luck, and visitors are invited to come to pay homage here before completing the trip and leaving Amnat Charoen province. Contact Information Yasothon Ban Thung Nang Ok N15° 52.880’ E104° 10.081’ Amphoe Mueang Yasothon Bamboo Weaving Group 131 Mu 3, Ban Thung Nang Ok, Wat Maha That Tambon Thung Nang Ok, N15° 47.630’ E104° 08.539’ Amphoe Mueang Yasothon, Yasothon 40 Wari Ratchadet Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Boonsuk Somwang Amphoe Mueang Yasothon, Yasothon +66 (8) 4795 0233 Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Ban Sing Tha Old Town N15° 47.443’ E104° 08.591’ That Kong Khao Noi Si Sunthon Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, N15° 45.813’ E104° 12.421’ Amphoe Mueang Yasothon, Yasothon Wat Thung Sadao, Tambon Tat Thong, Amphoe Mueang Yasothon, Yasothont 72 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Amphoe Sai Mun Wat Tham Saeng Phet N15° 53.294’ E104° 43.843’ Wat Sa Trai Nurak Tambon Nong Ma Saeo, N16° 04.180’ E104° 08.617’ Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen, Mu 1, Ban Na Wiang, Tambon Na Wiang, Amnat Charoen Amphoe Sai Mun, Yasothon Amphoe Lue Amnat Amphoe Loeng Nok Tha Thousand-Year-Old Sema Historic Site Wat Phu Tham Phra N15° 41.172’ E104° 41.049’ N16° 16.633’ E104° 33.739’ Wat Pho Sila Ban Kut Hae, Tambon Kut Hae, Tambon Puei, Amphoe Lue Amnat, Amphoe Loeng Nok Tha, Yasothon Amnat Charoen Amphoe Thai Charoen Amphoe Phana Saint Michael’s Church Wat Phra Lao Thep Nimit N16° 04.186’ E104° 22.424’ N15° 40.624’ E104° 51.236’ Ban Nong Song Yae, Tambon Kham Toei, Tambon Phana, Amphoe Phana, Amphoe Thai Charoen, Yasothon Amnat Charoen Amphoe Maha Chana Chai Useful contact information in Yasothon and Amnat Charoen Wat Phra Phutthabat Yasothon N15° 34.066’ E104° 13.262’ Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Ban Nong Yang, Tambon Hua Mueang, Amphoe Maha Chana Chai, Yasothon Ubon Ratchathani Office Amnat Charoen (Responsible areas: Amnat Charoen, Si Sa Ket, Amphoe Hua Taphan Ubon Ratchathani, and Yasothon) Ban Kham Phra +66 (0) 4524 3770, +66 (0) 4525 0714 N15° 45.590’ E104° 28.295’ Tambon Kham Phra Community Enterprise Centre Highway Police 1193 174 Mu 3, Tambon Kham Phra, Tourist Police 1155 Amphoe Hua Taphan, Amnat Charoen Dara Chanthop Please visit +66 (8) 7876 4851 www.tourismthailand.org/Yasothon Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. for more information on accommodation, restaurants, and attractions in Yasothon Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen www.tourismthailand.org/Amnat-Charoen for more information on accommodation, Phra Mongkhon Ming Mueang restaurants, and attractions in Amnat Charoen. N15° 53.482’ E104° 37.507’ Buddha Utthayan Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour Tambon Bung, Amphoe Mueang Amnat Charoen, guide when travelling this route, as there may be a Amnat Charoen language barrier. 73 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 6 MUKDAHAN – NAKHON PHANOM Connected by the Mekong River, the Two Cities that are Enriched with Diverse Ethnic Groups and Amazing Religious Architecture of Two Faiths Introduction: The Mukdahan – Nakhon Phanom route sets off in Mukdahan province, which is endowed with several enticing Buddhist temples and a magnificent Catholic church. Discover the unique culture of the Phu Thai ethnic group before weaving along the Mekong River to Nakhon Phanom province. Make merit at Phrathat Phanom, the sacred Chedi of the province and complete the trip by exploring the historical and cultural diversity in Nakhon Phanom province. 74 ISAN CULTURAL routes

To To Sakon Nakhon Sakon Nakhon Amphoe 2104 To Nakhon Dong Luang Phanom 2287 2287 13 LAO PDR. 212 Mekong River2292 10 Mekong River Amphoe 12 9 Wan Yai 8 12 2034 212 7 11 Amphoe 12 LAO PDR. Khamcha-i 12 Amphoe 238 Mueang Mukdahan 6 To 12 Kalasin 1 Amphoe 2034 Nong Sung 212 5 2 4 2370 To Amnat 3 Amphoe Charoen Nikhom Kham Soi To Yasothon Mukdahan Amphoe Don Tan Amphoe Nong Sung 1. Wat Norawararam 9. Indo-China Market 2. Wat Tham Phu Pha Khao 10. Wat Si Mongkhon Tai 3. Wat Banphot Khiri (Wat Phu Ko Cho) 11. Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge 4. Ban Phu Homestay Amphoe Wan Yai Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan 12. Wat Manophirom 5. Phu Pha Thoep National Park 13. Wat Ban Song Khon 6. Wat Roi Phra Phutthabat Phu Manorom 7. Ho Kaeo Mukdahan Chaloem Phrakiat Kanchanaphisek (Our Lady of the Martyrs of Thailand Shrine) 8. Wat Si Bun Rueang (Ban Tai)

To 13 Mekong LAO PDR. Amphoe River Ban Phaeng 11 LAO PDR. 10 2028 Amphoe 12 212 Mekong River Tha Uthen 212 To Amphoe Phon Sawan Amphoe Mueang 240 7 Nakhon Phanom 98 4 22 6 5 22 212 240 To Sakon 212 Nakhon 2276 2033 2105 Nakhon Phanom Amphoe 2 Amphoe That Phanom Renu Nakhon 3 1. Phrathat Phanom 2031 Amphoe Renu Nakhon 2. Phrathat Renu 2033 212 3. Phu Thai Village in Renu Nakhon To Amphoe Na Kae 1 Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom Sakon 4. Ban Na Chok (Ho Chi Minh’s House) Nakhon 223 5. Phrathat Nakhon 6. Wat Si Thep Pradittharam Amphoe 212 7. Indo-China Market To That Phanom To 8. Si Khotrabun Golden Beach Mukdahan Mukdahan 9. Wat Okat Si Bua Ban 10. Former Provincial Governor’s Residence Museum 11. Saint Anna’s Church Nong Saeng 12. Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge Amphoe Tha Uthen 13. Phrathat Tha Uthen

Day 1 Wat Norawararam Wat Tham Phu Pha Khao Begin the trip by travelling to Amphoe Nong Sung in Mukdahan province to visit Wat Norawararam to Wat Tham Phu Pha Khao explore one of the most beautiful Sims (ordination hall) in the Northeastern region. Constructed in 1928 and measuring 6 metres wide and 14 metres long, the Sim is made of brick and coated with lime, and the highlight is the roof and doors that are decorated with exquisitely carved wood. Located around 10 kilometres away and on the top of a hill is Wat Tham Phu Pha Khao or Wat Tham Som, a temple that features a spectacular golden Buddha image carved on a cliff surface, as well as stone carvings depicting life of Lord Buddha and other Buddha images. Visitors can also enjoy a magnificent view from the viewpoint, which is particularly beautiful during sunrise. After lunch, go to Wat Banphot Khiri, known by locals as Wat Phu Ko Cho, as it is situated on a hill named Phu Ko Cho. In 1941, while on his pilgrimage, Achan Khao constructed a Buddha image in front of the cave and in 1957, Luangpu La Khemmapatto established a religious site here. There are also a 22-metre-high Chedi named ‘Khemmapatta Chedi’ that houses ashes of Luangpu La and a museum displaying the biography and personal belongings of Luangpu La within the temple area. Spend the rest of the afternoon at Ban Phu, a community that is inhabited by the Phu Thai ethnic group. Visitors can learn about the culture, traditions, and way of life of the Phu Thai people at the Ban Phu Community Learning Centre, as well as purchase hand-woven textiles produced by the locals, including Matmi textiles in the ‘Kaeo Mukda’ pattern. Then enjoy delicious local food for dinner while watching and participating in the local performances before spending time with the local family. ‘Kaeo Mukda’ pattern is the distinctive pattern of Mukdahan province, consisting of five different patterns, all of which are the ancient patterns of the province. 77 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 2 Say goodbye to the host family and travel to Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan to explore Phu Pha Thoep National Park, where visitors can witness the wonder of nature in which rocks of different shapes and sizes have been eroded by wind and water for millions of years. There are also nature trails that lead to several caves and waterfalls within the National Park. Phu Pha Thoep National Park From October to December, a terrace at the Phu Pha Thoep National Park is filled with colourful flowers; such as, Soi Suwanna, Yat Namkhang, and Dusita, a purple and bright navy-blue coloured flower with a sweet aroma. Wat Roi Phra Phutthabat Continue to Phu Manorom, a small hill that is home to Wat Roi Phu Manorom Phra Phutthabat Phu Manorom. Visitors can find Phrathat Phu Manorom, an octagonal shaped pagoda measuring 4.5 metres high, and a replica of the Lord Buddha’s footprint, which is made of sandstone. Other items include Phra Angkhan Phen, a small Buddha image with an inscription at the back, and Prachao Yai Kaeo Mukda Si Trairat, a Buddha image measuring 39 metres wide and 86.50 metres high. The temple also offers panoramic views of the city and the Mekong River. 78 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Festival Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival Held around May of every year in Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, the Bun Bang Fai Rocket Festival comprises a rocket procession, folk entertainment, and a rocket launching competition. Spend time at Ho Kaeo Mukdahan Chaloem Phrakiat Kanchanaphisek, a 7-floor nonagon-shaped tower that displays the history and culture of the different ethnic groups in Mukdahan province. The 6th floor is an observation deck that offers a 360-degree view of the city and the Mekong River, while the 7th floor enshrines ‘Luk Kaeo Mukdahan’, one of the nine gems described in folklore, and a silver Buddha image named ‘Phra Phuttha Nawa Ming Mongkhon Mukdahan’. Ho Kaeo Mukdahan Chaloem Phrakiat Kanchanaphisek In the afternoon, go to Wat Si Bun Rueang (Ban Tai) and pay homage to Phra Phuttha Sing Song, a 1-metre wide Buddha image made of bronze. During the Songkran (Thai New Year) Festival, Phra Phuttha Sing Song is paraded around town before the locals are allowed to bathe the Buddha image for their own blessing. Then, call in at the Indo-China Market and enjoy browsing and purchasing a variety of products including silk textiles and delicious local food. From the Market, visitors can also enjoy the peaceful sight of the local way of life by the Mekong River. Indo-China Market 79 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Visit Wat Si Mongkhon Tai, a temple with a legend that two Buddha images were discovered under a Bodhi tree during the city’s establishment in 1767. However, the steel Buddha imagenamed‘PhraLupLek’disappearedandwasdiscovered under the same Bodhi tree and therefore was housed there, whereas the brick Buddha image named ‘Phrachao Ong Luang’ was enshrined in the Ubosot (ordination hall). Wat Si Mongkhon Tai Festival Thai-Lao Boat Race Held at the end of Buddhist Lent (around October), the event features a boat race between the boat crews from Thailand and Lao PDR., and an ancient tradition called ‘Ti Chang Nam Nong’, which is to apologise to the river, the Naga and the Water God. Then, go to the Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge that connects Mukdahan province to Savannakhet, Lao PDR. Visitors can cross the 1,600-metre-long bridge to Savannakhet and explore the ancient temples, observe the French Colonial atmosphere in the city centre, and go shopping at Si Mueang Road and Savanxay Market. Crossing the Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge to Savannakhet Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo • The fee depending on the passport of origin Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge

Day 3 Make a trip to Amphoe Wan Yai to Wat Manophirom, an ancient temple featuring a Wihan (image hall) in the Lan Xang style of architecture with exquisite bas reliefs on the wooden tympanum and corbel. Inside the Wihan are ancient Buddha images including Phra Ong Luang, Phra Ong Tue, and Phra Ong Saen. Wat Manophirom Visit Wat Ban Song Khon, also known as Our Lady of the Martyrs of Thailand Shrine. Regarded as one of the most beautiful churches in Southeast Asia, this Catholic church was built to commemorate the seven martyrs who sacrificed their lives to proclaim their faith in God during the Franco-Thai dispute around World War II. Wat Ban Song Khon 81 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Phrathat Phanom Depart Mukdahan province and head to Wat Phrathat Phanom Wora Maha Wihan, which is located in Amphoe That Phanom in Nakhon Phanom province. The temple houses Phrathat Phanom, the most sacred Chedi of Nakhon Phanom province, which was built over 2,300 years ago and contains Lord Buddha’s breastbones. Phrathat Phanom is believed to grant happiness and luck to people who pay homage here. Festival Phrathat Phanom Fair Usually held in February, the Phrathat Phanom Fair is an annual event where people from the Northeastern region of Thailand and Lao PDR. come to pay respect to the Chedi. 82 ISAN CULTURAL routes Phrathat Phanom

Phrathat Renu Handicrafts Shop Take a lunch break and then travel to Amphoe Renu Nakhon to pay homage to Phrathat Renu, which is situated in Wat That Renu. A smaller replica of Phrathat Phanom, Phrathat Renu enshrines the Tripitaka (Buddhist scripture), as well as several Buddha images. It is believed that those who come to pay homage to the Chedi are granted beautiful skin like moonlight. There are several shops within the grounds of Wat That Renu selling local products and handicrafts made by the Phu Thai Renu people including the beautiful and colourful hand-woven cotton cloth. Spend time at Phu Thai Village in Renu Nakhon, a community that has been inhabited by the Phu Thai ethnic group for over 200 years. Visitors can learn about their best kept tradition and culture through a homestay experience as well as observe the locals making hand-woven cotton cloth and making U (a local alcoholic beverage). While enjoying a Pha Laeng (Isan style) dinner, visitors also get to watch and learn the Phu Thai dance, the traditional dance of the Phu Thai ethnic group. Phu Thai Village in Renu Nakhon 83 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 4 Bid farewell to the host family and leave for Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom to Ban Na Chok (Ho Chi Minh’s House), which is where Ho Chi Minh, the former President of Vietnam, sought asylum for 7 years while working on restoring Vietnam’s independence. Visitors can observe the simple lifestyle that Ho Chi Minh lived while residing here before going to visit Wat Maha That to pay homage to Phrathat Nakhon. The Chedi is constructed in the same style as Phrathat Phanom and enshrines holy relics and ancient Buddha images. Ban Na Chok (Ho Chi Minh’s House) Phrathat Nakhon Cycling along the Mekong River Visitors can enjoy the tranquil ambience of life by the Mekong River by cycling along the bike lane that runs in parallel with Sunthon Wichit Road. The bicycles can be rented from shops around the Vietnamese Memorial Clock Tower. Call in at Wat Si Thep Pradittharam, a temple that was Wat Si Thep Pradittharam constructed in 1859. The Ubosot features 108 mural Indo-China Market paintings depicting the life of the Lord Buddha and houses a sacred Buddha image named Phra Saeng. Visitors can also find a golden Chedi containing the ashes of Luangpu Chan, a highly respected monk, behind the Ubosot, and a beautiful Kuti (monk’s residence) that won an architectural award. Enjoy a shopping spree at the Indo-China Market, where visitors can find all kinds of products including clothing, bags, and souvenirs before visiting Si Khotrabun Golden Beach, which is located nearby. A visit during February to May enables visitors to witness the beach extending to the middle of the Mekong River. 84 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Boat Excursion along the Mekong River A not-to-be-missed activity is to take a boat trip along the Mekong River. The Nakhon Phanom Municipality arranges boat trips from 5.00 p.m. every day for visitors to enjoy the beautiful scenery on both sides of the River during sunset. Crossing the Border to Lao PDR. Visitors can take a boat to cross the Mekong River to explore numerous attractions in Thakhek district in Khammouane province of Lao PDR. A tourist visa on arrival can be applied using a passport with at least 6 months validity and one passport-size photo, and the fee depending on the passport of origin. Continue to Wat Okat Si Bua Ban, a temple that enshrines two Wat Okat Si Bua Ban sacred Buddha images. Measuring 39 centimetres wide and 60 centimetres high, Phra Tio was carved from ‘Tio’ wood, but Former Provincial Governor’s believed to be burned down when there was a fire. An imitation Residence Museum of Phra Tio was carved and named Phra Thiam; however, Phra Tio was later discovered in the Mekong River, thus was brought to be placed alongside Phra Thiam inside the Ubosot. Enjoy Vietnamese food for lunch as several Vietnamese families have relocated here, allowing the locals and visitors to enjoy delicious Vietnamese food without having to go to Vietnam. Then, learn more about Nakhon Phanom province at the Former Provincial Governor’s Residence Museum that displays information about the history of the city and the culture of different ethnic groups, as well as an exhibition about the Illuminated Boat Procession. Boat Excursion along the Mekong River

Festival The Illuminated Boat Procession At the end of Buddhist Lent (around October), the event is organised to pay homage to the Lord Buddha’s footprint and the Goddess of Water. The boat is made of the trunk of a banana tree and is loaded with flowers and lamps and when the lamps are lit, the boat is then launched onto the Mekong River. Proceed onto Saint Anna’s Church Nong Saeng, an ancient church that symbolises a city with a mixture of people from different ethnic groups. Built in 1926, the Church showcases beautiful architecture of two tall towers connected by a high footbridge. During Christmas time, the Church is stunningly decorated with ornaments and lights to celebrate the special occasion. The next destination is the Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge, which connects Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom to Thakhek district in Khammouane province of Lao PDR. Measuring 13 metres wide and 1,423 metres long, the Bridge offers a more convenient mode of transportation, as well as serves as a gateway from Thailand to neighbouring countries including Lao PDR., Vietnam, and Southern China. Saint Anna’s Church Nong Saeng Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge Crossing the Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge to Khammouane province Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo • The fee depending on the passport of origin Complete the trip in this route by going to Amphoe Tha Uthen to pay Phrathat Tha Uthen homage to Phrathat Tha Uthen, which is situated in Wat Phrathat Tha Uthen. The Chedi is built in the same style as that of Phrathat Phanom but smaller, and houses the Lord Buddha’s relics. 86 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Contact Information Mukdahan Ho Kaeo Mukdahan Chaloem Phrakiat Kanchanaphisek Amphoe Nong Sung N16° 31.569’ E104° 43.940’ Wat Norawararam Mukdahan-Don Tan Road, N16° 29.012’ E104° 20.283’ Tambon Si Bunrueang, Ban Nong O, Tambon Non Yang, Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan Amphoe Nong Sung, Mukdahan Every day 8.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. 50 Baht Wat Tham Phu Pha Khao N16° 25.462’ E104° 19.906’ Wat Si Bun Rueang (Ban Tai) Ban Pao, Tambon Ban Pao, N16° 32.142’ E104° 43.997’ Amphoe Nong Sung, Mukdahan Samran Chai Khong Road, Tambon Si Bunrueang, Wat Banphot Khiri (Wat Phu Ko Cho) Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan N16° 22.367’ E104° 22.547’ Ban Waeng, Tambon Nong Sung Tai, Indo-China Market Amphoe Nong Sung, Mukdahan N16° 32.364’ E104° 43.947’ Samran Chai Khong Road, Ban Phu Homestay Tambon Si Bunrueang, N16° 24.345’ E104° 20.042’ Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan 74 Mu 1, Ban Phu, Tambon Ban Pao, Every day 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Amphoe Nong Sung, Mukdahan Thawan Phiokham Wat Si Mongkhon Tai +66 (8) 1975 9105, +66 (8) 1047 4218 N16° 32.598’ E104° 43.865’ Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. Samran Chai Khong Road, Tambon Si Bunrueang, Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan Phu Pha Thoep National Park Second Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge N16° 26.200’ E104° 48.369’ N16° 36.005’ E104° 44.147’ Tambon Na Si Nuan, Ban Song Puei, Tambon Bang Sai Yai, Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan +66 (9) 4289 2383 Passport with at least 6 months validity http://park.dnp.go.th and one passport-size photo Every day 6.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 200 Baht for adult and 100 Baht for children depending on the passport of origin Wat Roi Phra Phutthabat Phu Manorom N16° 29.919’ E104° 43.665’ Phu Manorom, Mu 5, Tambon Si Bunrueang, Amphoe Mueang Mukdahan, Mukdahan 87 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Amphoe Wan Yai Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom Wat Manophirom Ban Na Chok (Ho Chi Minh’s House) N16° 40.977’ E104° 45.116’ N17° 22.450’ E104° 45.667’ Mu 1, Ban Chanot, Tambon Chanot, Ban Na Chok, Tambon Nong Yat, Amphoe Wan Yai, Mukdahan Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Wat Ban Song Khon Every day 8.00 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. (Our Lady of the Martyrs of Thailand Shrine) N16° 46.488’ E104° 44.241’ Phrathat Nakhon Ban Song Khon, Tambon Pong Kham, N17° 23.471’ E104° 47.564’ Amphoe Wan Yai, Mukdahan Wat Maha That Every day 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Sunthon Wichit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Nakhon Phanom Every day 8.00 a.m. – 8.00 p.m. Amphoe That Phanom Wat Si Thep Pradittharam N17° 23.760’ E104° 47.333’ Phrathat Phanom Si Thep Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, N16° 56.519’ E104° 43.473’ Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Wat Phrathat Phanom Wora Maha Wihan Nakhon Phanom Chayangkun Road, Ban That Phanom, Every day 8.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Tambon That Phanom, Amphoe That Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Indo-China Market Every day 8.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. N17° 24.079’ E104° 47.350’ Amphoe Renu Nakhon Sunthon Wichit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Phrathat Renu Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, N17° 02.860’ E104° 40.573’ Nakhon Phanom Wat That Renu Every day 8.00 a.m. – 6.00 p.m. Ban Renu Nakhon, Tambon Renu, Amphoe Renu Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom Si Khotrabun Golden Beach Every day 6.00 a.m. – 7.00 p.m. N17° 24.083’ E104° 47.350’ Phu Thai Village in Renu Nakhon Sunthon Wichit Road, N17° 03.029’ E104° 39.881’ Tambon Nai Mueang, Ban Phu Thai Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, 117 Mu 1, Tambon Renu, Amphoe Renu Nakhon, Nakhon Phanom Nakhon Phanom +66 (0) 4257 9520 Remark: Please make an appointment in advance. 88 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Wat Okat Si Bua Ban Useful contact information in N17° 24.127’ E104° 47.325’ Mukdahan and Nakhon Phanom Sunthon Wichit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Tourism Authority of Thailand (TAT), Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Office Nakhon Phanom (Responsible areas: Mukdahan, Nakhon Phanom, and Sakon Nakhon) Former Provincial Governor’s Residence Museum N17° 24.960’ E104° 46.805’ +66 (0) 4251 3490-1 Sunthon Wichit Road, Tambon Nai Mueang, Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Highway Police 1193 Nakhon Phanom Tourist Police 1155 +66 (0) 4251 1574 Wednesday – Sunday 9.00 a.m. – 5.00 p.m. Please visit 20 Baht www.tourismthailand.org/Mukdahan for more information on accommodation, Saint Anna’s Church Nong Saeng restaurants, and attractions in Mukdahan N17° 25.276’ E104° 46.591’ www.tourismthailand.org/Nakhon-Phanom Sunthon Wichit Road, for more information on accommodation, Tambon Nai Mueang, restaurants, and attractions in Nakhon Phanom. Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Remark: It is recommended that visitors use a tour Every day 8.30 a.m. – 4.30 p.m. guide when travelling this route, as there may be a language barrier. Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge N17° 28.960’ E104° 43.702’ Ban Hom, Tambon At Samat, Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom, Nakhon Phanom Passport with at least 6 months validity and one passport-size photo Fee ranges between US$ 20 and US$ 42 depending on the passport of origin Amphoe Tha Uthen Phrathat Tha Uthen N17° 34.914’ E104° 35.494’ Wat Phrathat Tha Uthen Ban Tha Uthen, Tambon Tha Uthen, Amphoe Tha Uthen, Nakhon Phanom 89 ISAN CULTURAL routes

ROUTE 7 SAKON NAKHON – NAKHON PHANOM Land of Devoted Religious Beliefs, Amazing Indigo-dyed Fabric Wisdom, and Peaceful Way of Life by the Mekong River Introduction: The Sakon Nakhon – Nakhon Phanom route begins in Sakon Nakhon province where visitors are invited to make merit at sacred Buddhist sites, learn about the largest Catholic community in Thailand at Ban Tha Rae, and explore the world of indigo-dyed fabric. Then, discover the beauty of the historical and cultural heritage of Nakhon Phanom province while paying homage to the 7-birthday Chedis within the province. 90 ISAN CULTURAL routes

SAKON NAKHON Amphoe Phanna Nikhom Amphoe Kut Bak 11. Wat Tham Kham 19. Ban Kut Haet Amphoe Mueang Sakon Nakhon 12. Achan Fan Acharo Museum 1. Wat Phrathat Choeng Chum Wora Maha Wihan at Wat Pa Udom Somphon Amphoe Charoen Sin 2. Indigo-dyed Cloth Walking Street 13. Ban Non Ruea 20. Ban Kut Na Kham Arts 3. Wat Pa Sutthawat and the Museum of Achan 14. Ban Kham Kha and Crafts Centre Man Phurithattathera 15. Ban Na Di 4. Nong Han Chaloem Phrakiat Park 16. Ban Don Koi Amphoe Kusuman 5. Ban Tha Rae and Ancient Houses 17. Ban Un Dong 21. Thai So Cultural Centre 6. Saint Michael the Archangel Cathedral 7. Phu Thai Kata Community at Ban Non Hom Amphoe Akat Amnuai 8. Wat Tham Pha Daen 18. Ban Tham Tao 9. Puparn Royal Development Study Centre 10. Puparn Ratchanives Palace To Bueng Kan 2096 3023 2132 22 2092 222 6 5 To Udon 2091 3005 Amphoe Akat Thani Amnuai Amphoe 2280 Charoen Sin 18 20 2307 2094 2177 To Nakhon 222 2308 2185 Phanom 22 Amphoe 2094 To Nakhon Phanna 2355 2346 Phanom Nikhom Amphoe 2028 To Nakhon To Udon 227 12 16 Kusuman Phanom Thani 15 4 2132 21 To Nakhon 13 22 Phanom Nam Un 2016 227 Dam 2052 14 22 11 Sakon Nakhon Amphoe Mueang Airport 17 Sakon Nakhon 241 Nong Han Lake To Udon Thani 10 2031 2106 213 9 19 7 2347 Amphoe 2218 8 2358 223 1 Kut Bak 3007 2 2339 Nam Phung To Nakhon Dam Phanom 2029 2330 3 2287 223 To Kalasin To Mukdahan

Nakhon Phanom 6. Wat Okat Si Bua Ban Amphoe Renu Nakhon 7. Si Khotrabun Golden Beach 13. Phrathat Renu Amphoe Na Wa 8. Indo-China Market 14. Phu Thai Village in 1. Phrathat Prasit 9. Wat Si Thep Pradittharam Renu Nakhon 10. Phrathat Nakhon Amphoe Tha Uthen 11. Ban Na Chok (Ho Chi Minh’s House) Amphoe That Phanom 2. Phrathat Tha Uthen 15. Phrathat Phanom Amphoe Pla Pak Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom 12. Phrathat Maha Chai Amphoe Na Kae 3. Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge 16. Phrathat Si Khun 4. Saint Anna’s Church Nong Saeng To Amphoe 5. Former Provincial Governor’s Ban Phaeng Residence Museum To Sakon 2177 212 LAO PDR. Nakhon 2132 2 Mekong River Amphoe 2032 Tha Uthen 4046 2028 To Sakon 2185 2346 Nakhon 3 1 To Sakon 212 Nakhon Amphoe Na Wa Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom 2346 To Sakon Nakhon 212 LAO PDR. To Sakon 22 Nakhon 12 4 5 Mekong River 2033 240 2276 67 8 Amphoe 212 22 9 Renu Nakhon 10 2105 2033 14 2031 13 240 212 Amphoe 11 To Sakon Na Kae Nakhon 15 16 223 3051 Amphoe 212 That Phanom To Mukdahan

Day 1 The trip commences in Amphoe Mueang Sakon Nakhon at Wat Phrathat Choeng Chum Wora Maha Wihan that houses Phrathat Cheong Chum, a pagoda made of mortar and brick measuring 24 metres high and decorated with nearly 4 kilo- grammes of gold at the top. The temple also houses a Wihan (image hall) enshrining Luangpho Saen, a sacred Buddha image of Sakon Nakhon province, and a Northeastern-style Sim (ordi- nation hall) that houses several Buddha images. Wat Phrathat Choeng Chum Wora Maha Wihan Festival Wax Castle Procession Held at the end of Buddhist Lent (usually in October), the event features a procession of magnificent castles and temples made of beeswax, local performances, and stalls selling local products. Wax Castle Procession Indigo-dyed Cloth Walking Street It is recommended to plan the trip to coincide with a weekend because every weekend, the road in front of Wat Phrathat Choeng Chum Wora Maha Wihan is transformed into an Indigo-dyed Cloth Walking Street. Visitors can find stalls selling all kinds of indigo-dyed products; for example, scarf, handbag, and ready- to-wear clothing, made by villagers from all over Sakon Nakhon province. 93 ISAN CULTURAL routs

Museum of Achan Man Phurithattathera Nong Han Chaloem Phrakiat Park Call in at the Museum of Achan Man Phurithattathera that is located in the compound of Wat Pa Sutthawat. Constructed of fired clay tiles and decorated with bas relief, the Museum displays the biography and personal belongings of Phra Achan Man Phurithattathera, a highly revered monk, as well as his life-size bronze statue and his bones that miraculously transformed into opaque crystal. The temple also houses a Chedi enshrining the ashes of Luangpu Lui, one of Achan Man’s students. Then, visit Nong Han Chaloem Phrakiat Park and spend time strolling along the boardwalk that extends over the lake to enjoy the sight of a variety of beautiful water lily flowers. Visitors can also hire a bicycle and enjoy cycling around the Park. Ancient Houses Saint Michael the Archangel Cathedral After lunch, travel to Ban Tha Rae, which is the largest Catholic community in Thailand. In 1884, a group of Catholics who migrated from Vietnam moved to reside in this village. Take the time to stroll around the area and explore the Ancient Houses, most of which are believed to be over 100 years old and are built in the Colonial style of architecture by Vietnamese craftsmen. Then, visit the Saint Michael the Archangel Cathedral, a spectacular church built in the shape of a ship to resemble Noah’s ark and can seat nearly 3,000 people. The uniqueness of this Cathedral is that the prayers are said in the local Isan dialect, illustrating the harmonious combination of the local Isan culture and the Catholic faith. 94 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Festival Christmas Star Procession Taking place on 23-25 December of every year, the event commemorate the Christmas nativity and features a colourful parade in which the vehicles are decorated with glittering star-shaped lamps and Christmas figures. End the first day by visiting the Phu Thai Kata Community at Ban Non Hom, a community inhabited by a group of the Phu Thai Kata ethnic group for over 160 years. Visitors can learn about the unique culture through watching the Pong Lang (xylophone) performance, the Phu Thai traditional dance, and an ancient boxing performance, as well as observing the locals weaving indigo- dyed cloth, and visiting the ancient Phu Thai Kata House. Phu Thai Kata Community at Ban Non Hom

Day 2 Start the second day by visiting Wat Tham Pha Daen to pay homage to a spectacular golden Chedi situated on top of a giant rock and enjoy the panoramic view of Sakon Nakhon city. Visitors can also find beautiful stone carvings in various shapes including the story of the life of the Lord Buddha, famous Thai monks, Buddha images, animals, and a replica of the Four Buddha Footprints. Visit the Puparn Royal Development Study Wat Tham Pha Daen Centre, a learning centre that recreates Puparn Royal Development Study Centre the various features of the Northeastern region for people to learn about agriculture, Puparn Ratchanives Palace forestry, livestock farming, and nature conservation. The highlight is the ‘Phu Phan Three Black Miracles’ in which the Centre studies and breeds three kinds of livestock; namely, Black Chicken, Phu Phan Swine, and Black-haired Phu Phan Cow. Then, stop by at Puparn Ratchanives Palace, a royal residence for the members of the Royal Family when they visit the Northeast. Here visitors can enjoy observing the lovely architecture of the Palace and the beautifully landscaped garden. 96 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Make a trip to Amphoe Phanna Nikhom and visit Wat Tham Kham that is situated on Phu Kham, a part of the Phu Phan Mountains. The temple features a Chedi named ‘Thetsaka Chedi Thetrangsi Anuson’, which houses the ashes of the venerable Achan Thet Thetrangsi and Achan Maha Bua Yannasampanno, as well as the bronze statue, biography, and personal belongings of Achan Thet Thetrangsi. Wat Tham Kham Then, travel to the Achan Fan Acharo Museum at Wat Pa Udom Somphon to learn more about Achan Fan Acharo, another highly revered Buddhist monk in Thailand. The Museum is in the form of a pagoda with three lotus petal folds and is decorated with clay tiles. Inside the Museum is a life-size statue of Achan Fan, his ashes in a glass box, his personal belongings, and a display of his biography and photos. Achan Fan Acharo Museum at Wat Pa Udom Somphon

Take a lunch break and spend the afternoon learning about the traditional way of producing indigo-dyed fabric. There are numerous villages in Sakon Nakhon province that embrace the art of indigo-dyed fabric weaving as a part of their life; such as, Ban Non Ruea, Ban Kham Kha, Ban Na Di, Ban Don Koi, and Ban Un Dong in Amphoe Phanna Nikhom, and Ban Tham Tao in Amphoe Akat Amnuai, and Ban Kut Haet in Amphoe Kut Bak. A visit to one of these villages provides a great opportunity to explore the indigo-dyed fabric making process from harvesting the indigo plants to making the dye, making hand-spun cotton thread, dyeing the cotton in the indigo vat, and weaving the cotton yarn into a piece of indigo-dyed fabric. Visitors can also purchase indigo-dyed products as souvenirs. Ban Kham Kha Ban Non Ruea The indigo-dyed fabric not only helps conceal sweat, but it has the special property of providing coolness during summer and warmth during winter to the wearers. After that, travel to Amphoe Charoen Sin to the Ban Kut Na Kham Arts and Crafts Centre, where visitors can purchase as well as observe the production process of several high quality handicrafts including terracotta products, artificial flowers, wood-carving products, and silk products. 98 ISAN CULTURAL routes

Day 3 Thai So Cultural Centre Phrathat Prasit This morning, make a trip to Amphoe Kusuman to visit the Thai So Cultural Centre, which is where visitors can learn about the Thai So ethnic group that settled down in Sakon Nakhon province. The Centre collects and displays a comprehensive collection of items relating to the culture and traditions of the Thai So ethnic group including utensils, accessories, and inscriptions of the Thai So language. Depart Sakon Nakhon province to Nakhon Phanom province and visit Phrathat Prasit, which is located at Wat That Prasit in Amphoe Na Wa. Phrathat Prasit is a beautiful white Chedi adorned with golden ornaments that houses relics of the Lord Buddha and is important for people born on Thursdays. Then proceed to Amphoe Tha Uthen to Wat Phrathat Tha Uthen that houses Phrathat Tha Uthen. The Chedi houses the Lord Budda’s relics that were brought from Myanmar and is important for people born on Fridays. Continue the journey to Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom and stop over at the Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge that connects Amphoe Mueang Nakhon Phanom to Thakhek district in Khammouane province of Lao PDR. If time permits, cross the Bridge to explore a variety of amazing attractions in Thakhek. Crossing the Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge to Khammouane province Documents required for a 30-day tourist visa on arrival include: • Passport with at least 6 months validity • One passport-size photo • The fee depending on the passport of origin Third Thai-Lao Friendship Bridge