BỒI DƯỠNG HSG SỬ 9

["- H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u00e1ng 5\/1941 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng di\u1ec5n ra \u0111\u00e3 gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. - \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, gi\u1eef \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0m c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfp t\u1ebf xu\u1ed1ng ph\u00eda nam v\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh nguy c\u01a1 b\u1ecb Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh t\u1eeb ph\u00eda sau, Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p (9\/3\/1945). - H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp, ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng Cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. - Qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ec7u r\u00e3, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim hoang mang. \u2192 \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch quan thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. - Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng, T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Minh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i (14 - 28\/8\/1945), l\u1eadp n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a (2\/9\/1945). 151","NH\u1eeeNG CU\u1ed8C \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH V\u0168 TRANG \u0110\u1ea6U TI\u00caN SAU KHI C\u00d3 S\u1ef0 CHUY\u1ec2N H\u01af\u1edaNG \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH C\u1ee6A C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG 1. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n (27\/9\/1940) - Ng\u00e0y 22\/9\/1940, qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfm L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng thua ch\u1ea1y \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat qua ch\u00e2u B\u1eafc S\u01a1n. - Ng\u00e0y 27\/9\/1940, \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady t\u01b0\u1edbc v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, gi\u1ea3i t\u00e1n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ecbch, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ed9i du k\u00edch B\u1eafc S\u01a1n ra \u0111\u1eddi sau \u0111\u00f3. - Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. \u2192 Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 2. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u00ec (23\/11\/1940) - Th\u00e1ng 11\/1940, xung \u0111\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p - Xi\u00eam b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. \u2192 Ph\u00e1p b\u1eaft binh l\u00ednh Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111i l\u00e0m bia \u0111\u1ee1 \u0111\u1ea1n. \u2192 Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 binh l\u00ednh \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea5u tranh. - X\u1ee9 \u1ee7y Nam K\u00ec h\u1ecdp, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. - \u0110\u00eam 22 r\u1ea1ng s\u00e1ng ng\u00e0y 23\/11\/1940, kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u1edf Nam K\u00ec. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i. - Ph\u00e1p t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. \u2192 Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u00ec th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. 3. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - N\u00eau cao l\u00f2ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, tinh th\u1ea7n anh h\u00f9ng, b\u1ea5t khu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - L\u00e0 ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5u tranh m\u1edbi - th\u1eddi k\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n t\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o cho th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m sau n\u00e0y. + Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n: \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch B\u1eafc S\u01a1n ra \u0111\u1eddi. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. + Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u00ec: xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n l\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng, sau n\u00e0y tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c k\u00ec c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. 152","- \u0110\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i cho \u0110\u1ea3ng nhi\u1ec1u b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m sau n\u00e0y. 153","M\u1eb6T TR\u1eacN VI\u1ec6T MINH 1. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi - Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. - Y\u00eau c\u1ea7u gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. \uf0f0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb th\u00e1ng 5\/1941 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng minh. \u2192 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t gi\u00e0u ngh\u00e8o, gi\u00e0 tr\u1ebb, g\u00e1i trai, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1eb7ng c\u00f9ng nhau m\u01b0u cu\u1ed9c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng v\u00e0 sinh t\u1ed3n. 2. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng - Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng + Cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. + Tranh th\u1ee7 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0o m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc: - Ra b\u1ea3n \u0110\u1ec1 c\u01b0\u01a1ng V\u0103n h\u00f3a Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1943). - Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea3ng D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i V\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam (1944). + Xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n nhi\u1ec1u t\u1edd b\u00e1o m\u1edbi: Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, C\u1edd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, Ch\u1eb7t xi\u1ec1ng... + Th\u00e1ng 5\/1944, T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 Vi\u1ec7t Minh ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb cho c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p s\u1eeda so\u1ea1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u201cs\u1eafm v\u0169 kh\u00ed, \u0111u\u1ed5i th\u00f9 chung\u201d. - C\u00f9ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. + L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang n\u1ed5i d\u1eady kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01a1i: Ti\u00ean Du (B\u1eafc Ninh), B\u1ea7n Y\u00ean Nh\u00e2n (H\u01b0ng Y\u00ean). + Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee6y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc (13\/8\/1945). + Tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n (16-17\/8\/1945). + L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i, l\u1eadp n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. 3. Vai tr\u00f2 154","- T\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tham gia cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh t\u1ef1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. \u2192 Ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a, c\u00f4 l\u1eadp k\u1ebb th\u00f9, ch\u0129a m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0o k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh. - \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a: t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u2192 t\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. - L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111i t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u1eadp n\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. - G\u1eafn s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. 155","CAO TR\u00c0O KH\u00c1NG NH\u1eacT C\u1ee8U N\u01af\u1edaC 1. B\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: Cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1944 - \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n k\u1ebft th\u00fac. + Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1eeb hai ph\u00eda. + Ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng: qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh gi\u00e1ng cho Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. - \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng: + Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1edd th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt. + \u0110\u00eam ng\u00e0y 9\/3\/1945, Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. + H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (3\/1945): - Ra b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta, x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh: + K\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. + Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt thay b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. - Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. 2. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn - L\u00e0n s\u00f3ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh B\u1eafc K\u00ec. - Th\u00e1ng 4\/1945, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng B\u1eafc K\u00ec h\u1ecdp, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: + Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. + M\u1edf tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea1o c\u00e1n b\u1ed9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. + T\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch... - Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc (6\/1945) g\u1ed3m 6 t\u1ec9nh Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng - H\u00e0 - Tuy\u00ean - Th\u00e1i. - Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o \u201cPh\u00e1 kho th\u00f3c Nh\u1eadt, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i\u201d. 156","3. \u00dd ngh\u0129a - Qua phong tr\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0169 trang, c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. \u2192 K\u1ebb th\u00f9 hoang mang, suy y\u1ebfu. \u2192 Th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1eddi c\u01a1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i. - T\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1ee3t cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u gi\u1edd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eafp \u0111\u1ebfn. 157","II. H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG C\u00c2U H\u1eceI \u00d4N LUY\u1ec6N \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M C\u00e2u 1: Khi Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5, s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng nguy c\u01a1 m\u1edbi? A. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung. B. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00e1p. C. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c. D. Chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 2: Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 chung \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed k\u1ebft gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y? A. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Anh. B. Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p. C. Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt. D. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 3: N\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 chung \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i b\u1ed1 tr\u00ed doanh tr\u1ea1i, gi\u1eef g\u00ecn tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 an ninh \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng cho Nh\u1eadt. B. Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c cho Nh\u1eadt khi ch\u00fang \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C. Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c s\u00e2n bay, c\u1eeda bi\u1ec3n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0o m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. D. Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u1eadu ph\u01b0\u01a1ng cho Nh\u1eadt trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e2u 4: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong th\u1eddi k\u00ec Nh\u1eadt nh\u1ea3y v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng? A. T\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ea7u c\u01a1 t\u00edch tr\u1eef. B. Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch kinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy. C. Quan t\u00e2m ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n n\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p. D. T\u0103ng thu\u1ebf c\u0169, \u0111\u1eb7t th\u00eam thu\u1ebf m\u1edbi. C\u00e2u 5: Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n (th\u00e1ng 9\/1940) di\u1ec5n ra \u1edf A. H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. B. Cao B\u1eb1ng. C. L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. D. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. C\u00e2u 6: C\u01a1 h\u1ed9i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho \u0110\u1ea3ng b\u1ed9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a? A. Qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p thua ch\u1ea1y. B. Qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt cho qu\u00e2n ti\u1ebfn s\u00e1t bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t - Trung. C. Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt. D. Qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean to\u00e0n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 7: L\u00e1 c\u1edd \u0111\u1ecf sao v\u00e0ng l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o? 158","A. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n. B. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Ba T\u01a1. C. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a Nam K\u00ec. D. Binh bi\u1ebfn \u0110\u00f4 L\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 8: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p khi ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. Nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt c\u00f9ng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. B. Ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. C. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p c\u00f9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt. D. V\u1eeba c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Nh\u1eadt, v\u1eeba ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng Nh\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 9: T\u1eeb cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n (1940), c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c A. C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n. B. Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. C. Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. D. \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch B\u1eafc S\u01a1n. C\u00e2u 10: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed5i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta l\u00e0 A. hai t\u1ea7ng \u00e1p b\u1ee9c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt. B. m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn giai c\u1ea5p c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng. C. m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gay g\u1eaft. D. nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u00f3 tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e2u 11: Ph\u00e1p thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cKinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy\u201d v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch A. l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng th\u1eddi chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 n\u1eafm \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. B. ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec1n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C. h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c v\u1edbi ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt khai th\u00e1c hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 m\u1ecdi ti\u1ec1m l\u1ef1c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. D. h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e2u 12: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u00ec\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) h\u1ecdp \u1edf A. L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. B. P\u1eafc B\u00f3 - Cao B\u1eb1ng. C. T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o - Tuy\u00ean Quang. D. \u0110\u1ecbnh H\u00f3a - Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. C\u00e2u 13: Ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) l\u00e0 159","A. Nguy\u1ec5n V\u0103n C\u1eeb B. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh. C. Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c. D. L\u00ea H\u1ed3ng Phong. C\u00e2u 14: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra trong H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941)? A. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1eddi c\u01a1 T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. B. Ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ra kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt. C. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng minh (g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Minh). D. T\u1ea1m g\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u201c\u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, chia ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y\u201d. C\u00e2u 15: M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0o th\u1eddi gian n\u00e0o? A. Ng\u00e0y 8\/5\/1941. B. Ng\u00e0y 15\/9\/1941. C. Ng\u00e0y 5\/9\/1941. D. Ng\u00e0y 19\/5\/1941. C\u00e2u 16: M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e0 t\u00ean g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0o d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y? A. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. B. Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng minh. C. \u0110\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n. D. M\u1eb7t tr\u00e2n Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 17: \u0110\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c trong m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh? A. Cao B\u1eb1ng. B. Tuy\u00ean Quang. C. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. D. L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. C\u00e2u 18: \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a A. V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. B. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh. C. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. D. Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng. C\u00e2u 19: Ngay sau khi th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u1edf A. Phay Kh\u1eaft, N\u00e0 Ng\u1ea7n - Cao B\u1eb1ng. B. V\u00f5 Nhai - Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. C. T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o - Tuy\u00ean Quang. D. B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n. C\u00e2u 20: Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0o A. ng\u00e0y 13\/9\/1945. B. ng\u00e0y 3\/9\/1945. C. ng\u00e0y 19\/3\/1945. D. ng\u00e0y 9\/3\/1945. C\u00e2u 21: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng (th\u00e1ng 3\/1945)? A. Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o \u201ckh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc\u201d. B. Ph\u00e1t l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. 160","C. Ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. D. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 22: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 A. \u0111i t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. B. \u0111i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang. C. k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang. D. k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u gi\u1eefa l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ba th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n. C\u00e2u 23: Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp th\u00e1ng 6\/1945 g\u1ed3m nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh n\u00e0o? A. Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 Giang, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Ninh B\u00ecnh. B. Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, B\u1eafc Giang, Lai Ch\u00e2u, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. C. Cao B\u1eb1ng, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, B\u1eafc Ninh, Ph\u00fa Th\u1ecd, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Thanh H\u00f3a. D. Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 Giang, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. C\u00e2u 24: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn n\u00e0o? A. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u00f2ng minh (m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh). B. H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. D. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 25: Ngay khi ti\u1ebfng s\u00fang \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt v\u1eeba n\u1ed5, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp v\u00e0 ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb n\u00e0o? A. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p. B. Nh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta. C. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt, gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. D. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e2u 26: \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n h\u1ee3p nh\u1ea5t v\u1edbi t\u00ean g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 A. C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n. B. Trung \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n III. C. Qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. D. Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. C\u00e2u 27: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u n\u00e0o? 161","A. \u201c\u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7, chia ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y\u201d. B. \u201cT\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t gian chia cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y ngh\u00e8o\u201d. C. \u201cGi\u1ea3m t\u00f4 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c, chia l\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f4ng\u201d. D. \u201c\u0110\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ea3o Vi\u1ec7t gian\u201d. \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u1ed9i dung, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941). C\u00e2u 2: Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh, h\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn? Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. C\u00e2u 3: N\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt - ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e2u 4: V\u00ec sao trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 1939 - 1945, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u? C\u00e2u 5: M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1936 - 1939 c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1939 - 1945? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3. 162","III. \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M 1 - A 2 - D 3 - C 4 - C 5 - C 6 - A 7 - C 8 - A 9 - D 10 - C 11 - A 12 - B 13 - C 14 - A 15 - D 16 - B 17 - A 18 - C 19 - A 20 - D 21 - B 22 - A 23 - D 24 - A 25 - B 26 - D 27 - A \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1: Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, n\u1ed9i dung, \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941). * Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: - Sau khi chi\u1ebfm ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, \u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4. - Nh\u1eadt x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. - T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn m\u1edbi: h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh hai tr\u1eadn tuy\u1ebfn: m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 do Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u; m\u1ed9t b\u00ean l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt do \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc: - Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta c\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5 d\u01b0\u1edbi hai t\u1ea7ng \u00e1p b\u1ee9c b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt. M\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. - Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, ng\u00e0y 28\/1\/1941 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n VIII t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 10 \u0111\u1ebfn 19\/5\/1941 t\u1ea1i P\u1eafc B\u00f3 (Cao B\u1eb1ng). * N\u1ed9i dung H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n VIII - H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng cho \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1ecfi \u00e1ch Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u00ec n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do cho to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, th\u00ec ch\u1eb3ng nh\u1eefng to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 qu\u1ed1c gia d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu m\u00e3i ki\u1ebfp ng\u1ef1a tr\u00e2u m\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn giai c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ebfn v\u1ea1n n\u0103m c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f2i l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. - Kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ea5u tranh: ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u1ea1m g\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t, ch\u1ec9 n\u00eau kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u t\u1ecbch thu ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t gian chia cho d\u00e2n c\u00e0y, gi\u1ea3m t\u00f4, gi\u1ea3m t\u1ee9c, chia l\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00e0y c\u00f3 ru\u1ed9ng. - H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng: \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong ph\u1ea1m vi m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc. V\u00ec v\u1eady H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1edf m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ea7n th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t ri\u00eang. \u1ede Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng minh 163","(g\u1ecdi t\u1eaft l\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Minh), bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang l\u1ea5y t\u00ean l\u00e0 H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. - H\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh: \u0111\u1ec1 ra ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng to\u00e0n d\u00e2n ta. * \u1ef6 ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n VIII c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed to l\u1edbn - \u0111\u00e3 ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VI (th\u00e1ng 1\/1939). - Ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft g\u01b0\u01a1ng cao h\u01a1n n\u1eefa ng\u1ecdn c\u1edd gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. - Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn gi\u1eefa hai nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn. - \u0110\u1ec1 ra ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3. \u2192 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 VIII c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. C\u00e2u 2: Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh, h\u00e3y cho bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn? Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. a. S\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh: - Nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c kh\u1ea9n tr\u01b0\u01a1ng (\u0110\u1ee9c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4, trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ec1u th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i), Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e1ng 1\/1941, tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, tri\u1ec7u t\u1eadp H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 t\u1ea1i P\u00e1c B\u00f3 - Cao B\u1eb1ng (ng\u00e0y 10\/5 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 19\/5\/1941). - H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u, quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed3ng minh t\u1ee9c M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 19\/5\/1941. b. Nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5\/1941 \u0111\u1ebfn th\u00e1ng 3\/1945. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. * X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb: l\u00e0 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tham gia c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. - M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng nh\u00e2n c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, thanh ni\u00ean c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ee5 n\u1eef c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, ph\u1ee5 l\u00e3o c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, nhi \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c.... - Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1942 kh\u1eafp 9 ch\u00e2u c\u1ee7a t\u1ec9nh Cao 164","B\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. - \u0110\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u0169ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u00e1c nh\u01b0 sinh vi\u00ean, h\u1ecdc sinh, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. * X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang - T\u1eeb \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch B\u1eafc S\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1941 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh Trung \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf B\u1eafc S\u01a1n v\u00e0 V\u0169 Nhai. - Ng\u00e0y 22\/12\/1944, theo ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh t\u1ea1i Cao B\u1eb1ng, V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 12\/1944, \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng hai tr\u1eadn li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u1edf Phay Kh\u1eaft v\u00e0 N\u00e0 Ng\u1ea7n (Cao B\u1eb1ng). - Th\u00e1ng 5\/1945, \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. * X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. - Sau kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n, \u0110\u1ea3ng ta x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u00f5 Nhai. - Khi l\u00e3nh t\u1ee5 Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng th\u00eam c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Cao B\u1eb1ng. B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u00f5 Nhai - Cao B\u1eb1ng tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. - Th\u00e1ng 6\/1945, Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp g\u1ed3m 6 t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 Giang, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. * S\u1ef1 s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn: - Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn trong khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 t\u1eebng n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t huy s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. - M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c thu h\u00fat c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng \u00ec\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia - T\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn c\u0169ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c, sau n\u00e0y th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u0169ng l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn trong l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt, ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta. - Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn l\u00e0 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p h\u1ebft th\u1ea3y c\u00e1c gi\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t giai c\u1ea5p, t\u00f4n gi\u00e1o, \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t huy cao nh\u1ea5t tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, c\u00f4 l\u1eadp k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh v\u1edbi th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. - X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng kh\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 c\u00f4 l\u1eadp cao \u0111\u1ed9 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u0129a m\u0169i nh\u1ecdn \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00e0o ch\u00fang. - L\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p, gi\u00e1c ng\u1ed9 v\u00e0 r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb cho C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m - l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng 165","c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. - T\u1ea1o c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng - L\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111i t\u1eeb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n, gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn, t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t M\u00ecnh c\u00f2n \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. - G\u1eafn li\u1ec1n s\u1ef1 nghi\u1ec7p gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt c\u1ee7a phe \u0110\u1ed3ng minh tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00e2u 3: N\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt - ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. * N\u1ed9i dung b\u1ea3n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh d\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d. Ngay trong \u0111\u00eam Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p, Ban Th\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1ee5 Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ecdp, nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d (\u0111\u1ec1 ng\u00e0y 12\/3\/1945) v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung ch\u00ednh sau \u0111\u00e2y: - X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh, c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3, tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00fac n\u00e0y l\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 b\u1ecdn tay sai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. - Thay kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt b\u1eb1ng kh\u1ea9u hi\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111u\u1ed5i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. - Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc, l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. * Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. - T\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 3\/1945, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng chuy\u1ec3n sang cao tr\u00e0o, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang v\u00e0 kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a t\u1eebng ph\u1ea7n li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed5 ra \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. - T\u1ea1i khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng, Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00e1c x\u00e3, ch\u00e2u, huy\u1ec7n, \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, th\u1ecb x\u00e3, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i danh d\u1ef1 Vi\u1ec7t Minh t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o tr\u1eeb kh\u1eed m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00ean tay sai \u0111\u1eafc l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y tinh th\u1ea7n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang l\u00ean cao. - \u1ede Qu\u1ea3ng Ng\u00e3i, ng\u00e0y 11\/3\/1945, t\u00f9 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u1edf nh\u00e0 lao BaT\u01a1 n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u1ebft gi\u1eb7c c\u01b0\u1edbp nh\u00e0 lao, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch Ba T\u01a1 v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Ba T\u01a1. - Th\u00e1ng 6\/1945, khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, L\u1ea1ng S\u01a1n, H\u00e0 Giang, Tuy\u00ean Quang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. - \u1ede c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n: Phong tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u0169ng d\u00e2ng l\u00ean m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o \u201cPh\u00e1 kho th\u00f3c c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i\u201d, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang h\u01b0\u1edfng \u1ee9ng r\u1ea5t \u0111\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea3o. 166","M\u1ed9t b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed ti\u1ec1n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a lan tr\u00e0n kh\u1eafp c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u1edd h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1eafp t\u1edbi. * \u1ef6 ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc. - Cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 b\u01b0\u1edbc ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n ti\u1ebfp theo c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0m ti\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec1 cho T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. - Cao tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 l\u00f4i cu\u1ed1n h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang tham gia, r\u00e8n luy\u1ec7n cho qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang nhi\u1ec1u h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh phong ph\u00fa, quy\u1ebft li\u1ec7t. - Qua cao tr\u00e0o, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang \u1edf c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb) \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u01b0\u1ee3t b\u1eadc, trong khi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng k\u1ebb th\u00f9 b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0a t\u1edbi th\u1eddi c\u01a1 T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m ch\u00edn mu\u1ed3i. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u00fd ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3, cao tr\u00e0o kh\u00e1ng Nh\u1eadt c\u1ee9u n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1eadp d\u01b0\u1ee3t v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. C\u00e2u 4: V\u00ec sao trong giai \u0111o\u1ea1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng 1939 - 1945, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1eb7t nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u? a) Do cu\u1ed9c Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 9\/1939 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng - \u1ede ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. - \u1ede \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng: + Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, ch\u00fang cho thi h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cKinh t\u1ebf ch\u1ec9 huy\u201d b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n th\u1eadm t\u1ec7, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111i\u00eau \u0111\u1ee9ng. + Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 6 (th\u00e1ng 11\/1939) x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai, gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng, ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y b\u00e9n v\u1ec1 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n qua nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi. b) Do Chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt th\u00f4n t\u00ednh \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng - Th\u00e1ng 6\/1940, \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ee9c. - Th\u00e1ng 9\/1940, Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ec3 Nh\u1eadt s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng giao th\u00f4ng v\u00e0 cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh cho Nh\u1eadt. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng v\u01a1 v\u00e9t t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Nh\u1eadt gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00f3c l\u1ed9t v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3ng ph\u00e1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb th\u00e2n v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 tay sai ra s\u1ee9c d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea5t c\u1eb3ng Ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. 167","- Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch v\u01a1 v\u00e9t l\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta t\u1edbi ch\u1ed7 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3i \u201cch\u1ecbu hai t\u1ea7ng xi\u1ec1ng x\u00edch: Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt\u201d, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn gi\u1eefa to\u00e0n th\u1ec3 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Ph\u00e1p - Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean s\u00e2u s\u1eafc. - Th\u00e1ng 1\/1941, Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ch\u1ee7 tr\u00ec H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941), kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb ho\u00e0n ch\u1ec9nh ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1 ra t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e1ng 11\/1939, nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau s\u1ed1 1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 ra nhi\u1ec1u ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1ea5y. C\u00e2u 5: M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1936 - 1939 c\u00f3 g\u00ec kh\u00e1c so v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1939 - 1945? Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau \u0111\u00f3. * So s\u00e1nh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a th\u1eddi k\u00ec 1936 - 1939 v\u00e0 1939 - 1945 - V\u1ec1 m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau + 1936 - 1939: ch\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 tay sai, \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u01a1m \u00e1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh... + 1939 - 1945: ch\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c... - V\u1ec1 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh: + 1936 - 1939: \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f4ng khai, h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, n\u1eeda h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p - t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00edt tinh, h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp, di\u1ec5n thuy\u1ebft, \u0111\u01b0a d\u00e2n nguy\u1ec7n, xu\u1ea5t b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o ch\u00ed... + 1939 - 1945: \u0111\u1ea5u tranh b\u00ed m\u1eadt, b\u1ea5t h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p, kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a v\u0169 trang... * Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n s\u1ef1 kh\u00e1c nhau - Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1936 - 1939 do t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i: + Sau kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng kinh t\u1ebf (1929 - 1933) ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111e d\u1ecda h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. \u0110\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i VII c\u1ee7a Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n (th\u00e1ng 7\/1935) ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt v\u00e0 nguy c\u01a1 chi\u1ebfn tranh. + T\u1ea1i Ph\u00e1p, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00ean c\u1ea7m quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u00e3 thi h\u00e0nh nhi\u1ec1u ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 cho c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \uf0de V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea3ng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tranh th\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5u tranh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n sinh, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, c\u01a1m \u00e1o h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh... - Nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1939 - 1945, t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng thay d\u1ed5i: + Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 (1939), ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (9\/1940), Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p c\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau c\u00f9ng th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta, \u0111\u1eddi s\u1ed1ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng c\u1ef1c kh\u1ed5, m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u1edf n\u00ean gay g\u1eaft h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft, nhi\u1ec1u cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ra... 168","+ T\u1eeb cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1938 phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p, kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f2i t\u1ef1 do, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n n\u1eefa. + Khi chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng, \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 (th\u00e1ng 6\/1941), cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7, h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt, v\u00ec v\u1eady, c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n khi ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i.... \uf0de Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh cho ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p. L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec VI\u1ec6T NAM CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ec0 6: T\u1ed4NG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M V\u00c0 S\u1ef0 TH\u00c0NH L\u1eacP N\u01af\u1edaC VI\u1ec6T NAM D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 C\u1ed8NG H\u00d2A M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \uf076 Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c + Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam th\u00e1ng 8\/1945 \u0111\u1ec3 th\u1ea5y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi c\u01a1 c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. + T\u00f3m t\u1eaft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. + Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u00fd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. \uf076 K\u0129 n\u0103ng + Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. + Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n, hi\u1ec7n t\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. 169","I. L\u00cd THUY\u1ebeT TR\u1eccNG T\u00c2M HO\u00c0N C\u1ea2NH L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec C\u1ee6A T\u1ed4NG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M N\u0102M 1945 1. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - \u0110\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 8\/1945, Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng ng\u00e0y cu\u1ed1i. - Ch\u00e2u \u00c2u: ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng t\u1eeb th\u00e1ng 5\/1945. - Ch\u00e2u \u00c1: qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp gi\u00e1ng cho Nh\u1eadt nh\u1eefng \u0111\u00f2n n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1. - M\u0129 n\u00e9m bom nguy\u00ean t\u1eed xu\u1ed1ng Hirosima, Nagasaki. - Li\u00ean X\u00f4 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n Quan \u0110\u00f4ng \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc (Trung Qu\u1ed1c). - Ng\u00e0y 15\/8\/1945, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. \u2192 Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai k\u1ebft th\u00fac. 2. Vi\u1ec7t Nam - Qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng r\u1ec7u r\u00e3. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 th\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim hoang mang. - Qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ch\u01b0a k\u1ecbp v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p v\u0169 kh\u00ed qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt. \u2192 \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch quan thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn. - To\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng trung gian ng\u1ea3 h\u1eb3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. 3. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng - Ng\u00e0y 13\/8\/1945, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ra Qu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 1, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. - Ng\u00e0y 14 - 15\/8\/1945, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng h\u1ecdp \u1edf T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o (Tuy\u00ean Quang) \u0111\u00e3: + Th\u00f4ng qua k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a. + Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 quan tr\u1ecdng v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i, \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i sau khi gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - Ng\u00e0y 16\/8\/1945, \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n h\u1ecdp \u1edf T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3: + T\u00e1n th\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. 170","+ Th\u00f4ng qua 10 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh. + Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 171","DI\u1ec4N BI\u1ebeN T\u1ed4NG KH\u1edeI NGH\u0128A TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M N\u0102M 1945 - 13\/8\/1945: \u1ee6y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c ban b\u1ed1 \u201cQu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 1\u201d, ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c ph\u00e1t l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. - 14\/8\/1945: M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - 18\/8\/1945: B\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e0 B\u1eafc Giang, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. - 19\/8\/1945: H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - 23\/8\/1945: Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. - 25\/8\/1945: S\u00e0i G\u00f2n gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - 28\/8\/1945: Hai \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. - 30\/8\/1945: Vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb. - 2\/9\/1945: H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ecdc Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, khai sinh ra n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. 172","\u00dd NGH\u0128A L\u1ecaCH S\u1eec, NGUY\u00caN NH\u00c2N TH\u1eaeNG L\u1ee2I C\u1ee6A C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M N\u0102M 1945 1. \u00dd ngh\u0129a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - Vi\u1ec7t Nam: + L\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p, Nh\u1eadt. + L\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn. \u2192 \u0110\u01b0a t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. + Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba n\u1eeda phong ki\u1ebfn tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb th\u00e2n ph\u1eadn n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7. + M\u1edf ra k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c - k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do. - Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi: + G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt trong Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai. + C\u1ed5 v\u0169 phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 Mi\u00ean v\u00e0 L\u00e0o. 2. Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i - Do truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - Tinh th\u1ea7n \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i (\u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 kh\u1ed1i li\u00ean minh c\u00f4ng - n\u00f4ng) trong m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i. - S\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t t\u00e0i t\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. + C\u00f3 qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb li\u00ean t\u1ee5c trong su\u1ed1t 15 n\u0103m v\u1ec1 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. + Ch\u1edbp th\u1eddi c\u01a1, ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o to\u00e0n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt. 173","II. H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG C\u00c2U H\u1eceI \u00d4N LUY\u1ec6N \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M C\u00e2u 1: Trong ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0o \u1ee7y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ra Qu\u00e2n l\u1ec7nh s\u1ed1 1 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi to\u00e0n d\u00e2n n\u1ed5i d\u1eady t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n? A. Ngay khi nghe tin Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. B. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. C. Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea3o ch\u00ednh Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. D. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Quan \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt. C\u00e2u 2: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng (14\/8\/1945)? A. \u0110\u01b0a nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c l\u00ean h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u. B. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C. Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. D. Th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n. C\u00e2u 3: Quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 t\u00e1n th\u00e0nh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y? A. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 B\u1eafc K\u00ec. B. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng. C. \u0110\u1ea1i h\u1ed9i Qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o. D. H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. C\u00e2u 4: Ng\u00e0y 19\/8\/1945, M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt tinh l\u1edbn t\u1ea1i A. Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t L\u1edbn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. B. Khu \u0110\u1ea5u X\u1ea3o (H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i). C. Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Nh\u00e0 h\u00e1t L\u1edbn S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. D. Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u 5: B\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 A. Cao B\u1eb1ng, B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. B. H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, B\u1eafc Giang, Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean, Tuy\u00ean Quang. C. B\u1eafc Ninh, H\u1ea3i Ph\u00f2ng, H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. D. B\u1eafc Giang, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam. C\u00e2u 6: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng di\u1ec5n ra v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2\/9\/1945 \u1edf n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u00e0 174","A. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ecdc Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. B. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C. Vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb, k\u1ebft th\u00fac s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam. D. Nh\u1eefng t\u1ec9nh cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e2u 7: Ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u \u1ee6y ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 A. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chinh. B. H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C. Ph\u1ea1m V\u0103n \u0110\u1ed3ng. D. V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p. C\u00e2u 8: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 m\u1edf k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi - k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do cho l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam? A. Th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. B. Gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Hu\u1ebf, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. C. \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n Vi\u1ec7t Nam ra \u0111\u1eddi. D. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n, do d\u00e2n, v\u00ec d\u00e2n. C\u00e2u 9: \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n kh\u00e1ch quan n\u00e0o t\u1ea1o th\u1eddi c\u01a1 thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945? A. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh t\u1ed5ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn. B. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c. C. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f2ng minh kh\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n. D. S\u1ef1 th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a phe ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u1edf chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. C\u00e2u 10: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn Vi\u1ec7t Nam? A. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. B. Vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb. C. N\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi. D. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ecdc b\u1ea3n \u201cTuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u 11: B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m (1945) l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, ch\u1edbp th\u1eddi c\u01a1 gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. B. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc v\u1ec1 c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. C. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u00f4ng khai v\u00e0 b\u00ed m\u1eadt. D. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ngo\u1ea1i giao. 175","C\u00e2u 12: H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng \u1edf T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o (t\u1eeb ng\u00e0y 14 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y 15\/8\/1945) \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh A. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Hu\u1ebf, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. B. Kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o. C. T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o. D. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e2u 13: Nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u00e0o d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam? A. Do s\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. B. C\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh. C. Do chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng c\u1ee7a H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. D. S\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb chu \u0111\u00e1o c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n trong su\u1ed1t 15 n\u0103m. C\u00e2u 14: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e1nh d\u1ea5u C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i? A. Vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb. B. Ta gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. C. Ta gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf Hu\u1ebf v\u00e0 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n. D. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ecdc \u201cTuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d t\u1ea1i qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh. C\u00e2u 15: Theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u1ee6y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ng\u00e0y 16\/8\/1945, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng do V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 huy ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 A. T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o - Tuy\u00ean Quang. B. B\u1eafc C\u1ea1n. C. Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. D. B\u1eafc Giang. C\u00e2u 16: C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i m\u1edf ra cho d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean A. \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. B. \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do. C. \u1ea5m no, h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. D. \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean CNXH. C\u00e2u 17: Trong T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i n\u00e0o c\u00f3 t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ed5 v\u0169 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c, l\u00e0m t\u0103ng th\u00eam cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 \u0111\u1ecbch? A. Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. B. Gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. 176","C. Vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea1i tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb. D. B\u1ed1n t\u1ec9nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. C\u00e2u 18: Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 A. \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. B. k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi ngo\u1ea1i giao. C. \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u0169 trang. D. k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi v\u0169 trang. C\u00e2u 19: L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o gi\u1eef vai tr\u00f2 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh trong T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945? A. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb. B. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9. C. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. D. L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang. C\u00e2u 20: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o sau \u0111\u00e2y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 \u00fd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ta? A. Gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do, l\u1eadp n\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. B. \u0110\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 \u00e1ch th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c, ph\u00e1t x\u00edt v\u00e0 phong ki\u1ebfn tay sai. C. G\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. D. M\u1edf ra m\u1ed9t k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c - k\u1ec9 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do. C\u00e2u 21: C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i nhanh ch\u00f3ng v\u00e0 \u00edt \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u nh\u1edd c\u00f3 ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0o thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i? A. H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c - Nh\u1eadt. B. H\u1ed3ng qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt \u0110\u1ee9c - \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. C. Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n Quan \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng B\u1eafc Trung Qu\u1ed1c. D. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0110\u00f4ng \u00c2u. C\u00e2u 22: T\u1eeb th\u1ef1c ti\u1ec5n th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc kinh nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra cho c\u00f4ng cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 T\u1ed5 qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay? A. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u1edbi ch\u1ea1y \u0111ua v\u0169 trang. B. K\u1ebft h\u1ee3p s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ea1i. 177","C. \u0110\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng. D. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1: T\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e2u 2: T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3i th\u1eddi c\u01a1 trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eddi c\u01a1 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u201d? C\u00e2u 3: T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u00ec sao th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc? C\u00e2u 4: N\u00eau s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (2\/9\/1945) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. 178","III. \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M 1 - A 2 - B 3 - C 4 - A 5 - D 6 - A 7 - B 8 - A 9 - C 10 - B 11 - A 12 - C 13 - B 14 - D 15 - C 16 - B 17 - B 18 - A 19 - A 20 - C 21 - A 22 - B \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1: T\u00f3m t\u1eaft s\u1ef1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 c\u1ee7a Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. * Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng - H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) \u0111\u00e3 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Vi\u1ec7t Minh nh\u1eb1m t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t Nam y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. - Cao B\u1eb1ng l\u00e0 n\u01a1i th\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c h\u1ed9i \u201cC\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c\u201d trong M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh. Kh\u1eafp 9 ch\u00e2u c\u1ee7a Cao B\u1eb1ng, ch\u00e2u n\u00e0o c\u0169ng c\u00f3 H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u00ean c\u01a1 s\u1edf \u0111\u00f3, U\u1ef7 ban Vi\u1ec7t Minh t\u1ec9nh Cao B\u1eb1ng v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban Vi\u1ec7t Minh l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Li\u00ean t\u1ec9nh Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. - \u1ede nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh th\u00e0nh B\u1eafc K\u00ec v\u00e0 Trung K\u00ec, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c H\u1ed9i Ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c, nhi\u1ec1u H\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi. - \u1ede th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb, \u0110\u1ea3ng tranh th\u1ee7 t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u00e1c t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc sinh, sinh vi\u00ean, tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn c\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c. N\u0103m 1944, \u0110\u1ea3ng d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i V\u0103n ho\u00e1 C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, \u0111\u1ee9ng trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 vi\u1ec7t Minh. Ngo\u00e0i ra, \u0110\u1ea3ng c\u0169ng ch\u00fa tr\u1ecdng c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng binh l\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p, nh\u1eefng ngo\u1ea1i ki\u1ec1u \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1t x\u00edt. - B\u00e1o ch\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7a M\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Minh g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n v\u00e0o vi\u1ec7c tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u1ea1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, v\u0103n h\u00f3a c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. * Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb v\u1ec1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang - H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ban Ch\u1ea5p h\u00e0nh Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 8 (th\u00e1ng 5\/1941) \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh th\u00e1i c\u1ee7a kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, coi chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trung t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n \u0110\u1ea3ng, to\u00e0n d\u00e2n. - Sau cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a B\u1eafc S\u01a1n (th\u00e1ng 11 \/1940), l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang B\u1eafc S\u01a1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c duy tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m v\u1ed1n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 cho c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. \u0110\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1941, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n th\u00e0nh c\u00e1c Trung \u0111\u1ed9i C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u00f5 Nhai. - Ng\u00e0y 22\/12\/1944, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Nguy\u1ec5n \u00c1i Qu\u1ed1c, \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i 179","ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. Sau khi ra \u0111\u1eddi, \u0111\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e1nh th\u1eafng hai tr\u1eadn li\u00ean ti\u1ebfp \u1edf Phay Kh\u1eaft v\u00e0 N\u00e0 Ng\u1ea7n. - Th\u00e1ng 4\/1945, H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng B\u1eafc K\u00ec quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang, ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00e1n v\u0169 trang, t\u00edch c\u1ef1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n chi\u1ebfn tranh du k\u00edch. Ng\u00e0y 15\/5\/1945, C\u1ee9u qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam Tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t th\u00e0nh Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n, \u1edf c\u1ea3 n\u00f4ng th\u00f4n v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9i du k\u00edch, t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. * Chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba - C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ea7n thi\u1ebft c\u00f3 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. - Cao B\u1eb1ng c\u00f9ng c\u0103n c\u1ee9 B\u1eafc S\u01a1n - V\u00f5 Nhai l\u00e0 hai c\u0103n c\u1ee9 \u0111\u1ecba \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. N\u0103m 1943, U\u1ef7 ban Vi\u1ec7t Minh li\u00ean t\u1ec9nh Cao - B\u1eafc - L\u1ea1ng l\u1eadp ra 19 ban \u201cxung phong Nam ti\u1ebfn\u201d \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng xu\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u1ec9nh mi\u1ec1n xu\u00f4i. - Ng\u00e0y 16\/4\/1945, T\u1ed5ng b\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7t Minh ra ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp U\u1ef7 ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn khu c\u1ee7a Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 khu c\u0103n c\u1ee9 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng. - Th\u00e1ng 5\/1945, H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh r\u1eddi P\u00e1c B\u00f3 (Cao B\u1eb1ng) v\u1ec1 T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o (Tuy\u00ean Quang). Ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ecdn T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o l\u00e0m trung t\u00e2m ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u00e1ng 6\/1945, Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp, l\u00e0 h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh thu nh\u1ecf c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam m\u1edbi trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o l\u00e0 th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng. U\u1ef7 ban ch\u1ec9 huy l\u00e2m th\u1eddi Khu gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. C\u00e2u 2: T\u1ea1i sao n\u00f3i th\u1eddi c\u01a1 trong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 \u201cth\u1eddi c\u01a1 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t\u201d? - Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 quan, kh\u00e1ch quan thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 n\u1ed5 ra v\u00e0 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 m\u1ea5t \u0111i r\u1ea5t nhanh. N\u1ebfu b\u1ecf l\u1ee1 th\u1eddi c\u01a1 th\u00ec c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i. - \u201cTrong C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m, th\u1eddi c\u01a1 \u0111\u1ebfn khi ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh... \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ta ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. - \u201c Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ng\u00e0n n\u0103m c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn t\u1eeb sau khi ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt (Th\u1eddi c\u01a1 r\u1ea5t qu\u00fd, hi\u1ebfm, xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn) v\u00ec: + N\u1ebfu ta tranh th\u1ee7 ch\u1edbp \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1eddi c\u01a1 gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00ec ta s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ee9ng \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f3n ti\u1ebfp qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. + N\u1ebfu T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a ch\u1eadm tr\u1ec5 sau khi qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt, l\u00fac \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfp qu\u1ea3n ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n t\u1eeb tay Nh\u1eadt, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. C\u00e2u 3: T\u1ed5ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 \u0111\u00e3 di\u1ec5n ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o? V\u00ec sao th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i cu\u1ed9c 180","kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a \u1edf c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc? * Di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn - Gi\u1eefa th\u00e1ng 8\/1945, kh\u00ed th\u1ebf c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng s\u00f4i s\u1ee5c c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ec9nh thu\u1ed9c ch\u00e2u th\u1ed5 s\u00f4ng H\u1ed3ng, Thanh H\u00f3a, Ngh\u1ec7 An... m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 c\u1ea5p b\u1ed9 \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Minh c\u0103n c\u1ee9 v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ec9 th\u1ecb \u201cNh\u1eadt - Ph\u00e1p b\u1eafn nhau v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang ta\u201d \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u1ed5i d\u1eady gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u1ea5p x\u00e3, huy\u1ec7n ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb. - Chi\u1ec1u ng\u00e0y 16\/8\/1945, theo l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a \u0169y ban kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ed9i Vi\u1ec7t Nam Gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng qu\u00e2n do V\u00f5 Nguy\u00ean Gi\u00e1p ch\u1ec9 huy ti\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 th\u1ecb x\u00e3 Th\u00e1i Nguy\u00ean. - Ng\u00e0y 18\/8\/1945, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n B\u1eafc Giang, H\u1ea3i D\u01b0\u01a1ng, H\u00e0 T\u0129nh, Qu\u1ea3ng Nam gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf t\u1ec9nh l\u1ecb s\u1edbm nh\u1ea5t trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. - T\u1ea1i H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, ng\u00e0y 19\/8\/1945, cu\u1ed9c m\u00edt tinh c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang bi\u1ebfn th\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh tu\u1ea7n h\u00e0nh, chi\u1ebfm c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n b\u00f9 nh\u00ecn nh\u01b0 Ph\u1ee7 Kh\u00e2m sai, S\u1edf C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, Tr\u1ea1i B\u1ea3o an binh.... T\u1ed1i ng\u00e0y 19\/8, cu\u1ed9c kh\u1edfi ngh\u0129a gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. - T\u1ea1i Hu\u1ebf, ng\u00e0y 23\/8, h\u00e0ng v\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n n\u1ed9i, ngo\u1ea1i th\u00e0nh k\u00e9o v\u1ec1 bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh th\u1ecb uy chi\u1ebfm c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng s\u1edf. Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n v\u1ec1 tay nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. - T\u1ea1i S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, ng\u00e0y 25\/8\/1945, qu\u1ea7n ch\u00fang chi\u1ebfm S\u1edf M\u1eadt th\u00e1m, S\u1edf C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t, nh\u00e0 ga, nh\u00e0 b\u01b0u \u0111i\u1ec7n, nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y \u0111i\u1ec7n .... nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n gi\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. H\u00e0 Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng Nai Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i mu\u1ed9n nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0o 28\/8\/1945. - Chi\u1ec1u 30\/8 vua B\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ecba tho\u00e1i v\u1ecb, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. * Gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch - C\u00e1c th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 l\u1edbn nh\u01b0 H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i, Hu\u1ebf, S\u00e0i G\u00f2n l\u00e0 n\u01a1i t\u1eadp trung c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o, trung t\u00e2m li\u00ean l\u1ea1c c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ecbch, ta \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u00fang c\u01a1 quan n\u00e0y \u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb l\u00e0m cho ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ea1o chi\u1ebfn tranh, do \u0111\u00f3 t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00e1c gi\u00e0nh th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i. - Th\u00e0nh th\u1ecb l\u1edbn c\u00f2n l\u00e0 trung t\u00e2m kinh t\u1ebf, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc, n\u01a1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp trung gian (tr\u00ed th\u1ee9c ti\u1ec3u t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n, t\u01b0 s\u1ea3n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecba ch\u1ee7 nh\u1ecf v\u00e0 v\u1eeba, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn binh l\u00ednh ng\u01b0\u1eddi Vi\u1ec7t trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Ph\u00e1p). Khi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00ean nhanh, t\u1ea7ng l\u1edbp n\u00e0y ng\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng t\u1ea1o nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i cho l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ta. C\u00e2u 4: N\u00eau s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (2\/9\/1945) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. * S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a - Ng\u00e0y 25\/8\/1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh c\u00f9ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 U\u1ef7 ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng 181","Vi\u1ec7t Nam t\u1eeb T\u00e2n Tr\u00e0o v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ebfn H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i. - Ng\u00e0y 28\/8\/1945, U\u1ef7 ban D\u00e2n t\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ea3i t\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. - Ng\u00e0y 2\/9\/1945, t\u1ea1i Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Ba \u0110\u00ecnh, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh thay m\u1eb7t Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi \u0111\u1ecdc \u201cTuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 ra \u0111\u1eddi: + Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng, quy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 do, quy\u1ec1n s\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 quy\u1ec1n m\u01b0u c\u1ea7u h\u1ea1nh ph\u00fac. + Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 n\u00eau nh\u1eefng th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt, \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 phong ki\u1ebfn, l\u1eadp n\u00ean ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 c\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0, v\u00ec v\u1eady nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1eb3ng c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn. + Kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam gi\u1eef v\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do v\u1eeba gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 ng\u00e0y 2\/9\/1945 m\u00e3i ghi v\u00e0o l\u1ecbch s\u1eed Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y h\u1ed9i l\u1edbn, v\u1ebb vang c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam - ng\u00e0y tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a. * Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp (2\/9\/1945) l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - B\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e1ng v\u0103n l\u1eadp qu\u1ed1c v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u0103n ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ra \u0111\u1eddi trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p c\u1ee7a l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, c\u00f3 \u00fd ngh\u0129a x\u00e1c l\u1eadp t\u00ednh h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a; m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u k\u1ef7 nguy\u00ean m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 CNXH c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi b\u1ea3n Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1c son trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam: \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam; tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi v\u00e0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a; kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ef1 do v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp; th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m cao nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c trong \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u1eef g\u00ecn \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, t\u1ef1 do c\u1ee7a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c. Ng\u00e0y nay, Tuy\u00ean ng\u00f4n \u0110\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u1eabn gi\u1eef nguy\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea5u tranh, b\u00e1c b\u1ecf nh\u1eefng lu\u1eadn \u0111i\u1ec7u xuy\u00ean t\u1ea1c l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u00e2m m\u01b0u vi ph\u1ea1m ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ecbch, tranh th\u1ee7 s\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00ecnh r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i c\u1ee7a d\u01b0 lu\u1eadn qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00ec m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n to\u00e0n v\u1eb9n l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5. 182","CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ec0 7: CU\u1ed8C \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG V\u00c0 B\u1ea2O V\u1ec6 CH\u00cdNH QUY\u1ec0N D\u00c2N CH\u1ee6 NH\u00c2N D\u00c2N M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u00f4ng h\u00f2a sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m. Kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, di\u1ec7t tr\u1eeb n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, n\u1ea1n d\u1ed1t, gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh, cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m, n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n, b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. K\u0129 n\u0103ng H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng h\u00f3a ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c, kh\u00e1i qu\u00e1t, ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. K\u0129 n\u0103ng ghi nh\u1edb, nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u00e0 li\u00ean h\u1ec7 183","I. L\u00cd THUY\u1ebeT TR\u1eccNG T\u00c2M T\u00ccNH H\u00ccNH VI\u1ec6T NAM SAU C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG TH\u00c1NG T\u00c1M (1945) 1. Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i a. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc - Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, n\u00ean c\u00f3 quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi. - C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam c\u00f3 \u0110\u1ea3ng \u2013 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u00edch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o. b. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - H\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh. - Phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi d\u00e2ng cao. + Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba v\u00e0 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. + Phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh v\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u00e0 d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n. - C\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c tham chi\u1ebfn b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 (tr\u1eeb M\u0129) \u2192 th\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a b\u1ecb suy y\u1ebfu. 2. Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n a. Trong n\u01b0\u1edbc - Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf b\u1ecb bao v\u00e2y, c\u00f4 l\u1eadp. - Gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n + Ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16: 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam Theo sau Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tay sai (Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch, \u2026). + Ph\u00eda Nam v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16, Anh t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho Ph\u00e1p quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i chi\u1ebfm Vi\u1ec7t Nam. + Tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00f2n kho\u1ea3ng 6 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt ch\u1edd gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p. - Di h\u1ea1i n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 c\u0169 + Kinh t\u1ebf ngh\u00e8o n\u00e0n, l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c, ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, \u2026 184","+ H\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 m\u00f9 ch\u1eef, trong x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n, h\u1ee7 t\u1ee5c l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu. b. Th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi - Quan h\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh M\u0129 \u2013 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t \u2192 quan h\u1ec7 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf chuy\u1ec3n bi\u1ebfn ph\u1ee9c t\u1ea1p. - M\u0129 ra s\u1ee9c tri\u1ec3n khai chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau: ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1, ti\u1ebfn t\u1edbi x\u00f3a b\u1ecf CNXH; \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p phong tr\u00e0o c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. B\u01af\u1edaC \u0110\u1ea6U X\u00c2Y D\u1ef0NG CH\u00cdNH QUY\u1ec0N C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG GI\u1ea2I QUY\u1ebeT N\u1ea0N \u0110\u00d3I, N\u1ea0N D\u1ed0T, KH\u00d3 KH\u0102N V\u1ec0 T\u00c0I CH\u00cdNH 1. B\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng - Ng\u00e0y 6\/1\/1946, h\u01a1n 90% nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc tham gia T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. - B\u1ed9 m\u00e1y ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1edf Trung v\u00e0 B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec7n to\u00e0n. - Ng\u00e0y 2\/3\/1946, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp phi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea7u Ban D\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p, th\u00f4ng qua danh s\u00e1ch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. - Ng\u00e0y 29\/5\/1946, H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p qu\u1ed1c d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam (H\u1ed9i Li\u00ean Vi\u1ec7t) \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp. 2. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, n\u1ea1n d\u1ed1t, kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh a. Di\u1ec7t gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t - Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft: t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c quy\u00ean g\u00f3p, l\u1eadp h\u0169 g\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201cNg\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\u201d, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi \u0111\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m s\u1ebb \u00e1o. - Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, chia ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n. \u2192 K\u1ebft qu\u1ea3: n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i. b. Di\u1ec7t gi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t - L\u1eadp Nha B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5 (8\/9\/1945), k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi tham gia phong tr\u00e0o x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. - \u0110\u1ed5i m\u1edbi n\u1ed9i dung v\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p gi\u1ea3ng d\u1ea1y theo tinh th\u1ea7n d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7. c. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh - Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft: k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201cTu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng\u201d, x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201cQu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d, \u2026 185","- Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p l\u00e2u d\u00e0i: Ng\u00e0y 23\/11\/1946, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. \u0110\u1ea4U TRANH CH\u1ed0NG NGO\u1ea0I X\u00c2M V\u00c0 N\u1ed8I PH\u1ea2N, B\u1ea2O V\u1ec6 CH\u00cdNH QUY\u1ec0N C\u00c1CH M\u1ea0NG 1. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 2\/9\/1945 \u2013 6\/3\/1946 a. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u - Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh + Ng\u00e0y 23\/9\/1945, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf \u1ee6y ban Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai. + Sau khi Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng, Ph\u00e1p r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb quay l\u1ea1i t\u00e1i chi\u1ebfm \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. - Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng: Tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9. - Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3: Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 + Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn. + T\u00edch c\u1ef1c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p. + Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9, Nam Trung B\u1ed9 anh d\u0169ng \u0111\u00e1nh tr\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. + Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c chi vi\u1ec7n cho nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n mi\u1ec1n Nam. b. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n sau - Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh 186","+ Cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra \u00e1c li\u1ec7t. + Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb P\u1ed1t-x\u0111am, 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo sau l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tay sai v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng + H\u00f2a ho\u00e3n, nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c. + T\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. - Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 + Nh\u01b0\u1eddng cho c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch 70 gh\u1ebf trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 4 gh\u1ebf trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. + Nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i kinh t\u1ebf: cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c, nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n \u201cquan kim\u201d, \u201cqu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7\u201d, \u2026 + Ban h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh nh\u1eb1m tr\u1ea5n \u00e1p b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. 2. Giai \u0111o\u1ea1n 6\/3\/1946 \u2013 19\/12\/1946 a. Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh - Sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9, Ph\u00e1p x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u00e2m m\u01b0u m\u1edf r\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c ra c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. - Th\u00e1ng 12\/1946, Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Hoa \u2013 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00ed k\u1ebft \u2192 h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a vi\u1ec7c Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n ra B\u1eafc thay Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt. b. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n \u201ch\u00f2a \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn\u201d, nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00f3 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p, \u0111u\u1ed5i 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c ra kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. c. Ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5u tranh c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3 - K\u00ed v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6\/3\/1946) - N\u1ed9i dung hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh: + Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, c\u00f3 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i v\u00e0 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ri\u00eang. 187","+ Qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc thay th\u1ebf qu\u00e2n T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt v\u00e0 s\u1ebd r\u00fat d\u1ea7n trong 5 n\u0103m. - \u0110\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb tr\u00f9 b\u1ecb \u1edf \u0110\u00e0 L\u1ea1t (th\u00e1ng 4\/1946) v\u00e0 H\u1ed9i ngh\u1ecb Ph\u00f4ng- ten-n\u01a1-bl\u00f4 (th\u00e1ng 7\/1946) nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng thu \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3. - K\u00ed v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc (14\/9\/1946) ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a. II. H\u1ec6 TH\u1ed0NG C\u00c2U H\u1eceI \u00d4N LUY\u1ec6N \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M C\u00e2u 1: Thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 A. \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, t\u1ef1 do, nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh B. nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C. h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng XHCN li\u1ec1n t\u1eeb ch\u00e2u \u00c2u sang ch\u00e2u \u00c1 D. phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2ng cao \u1edf c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba, ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c C\u00e2u 2: Kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t ngay sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. H\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 m\u00f9 ch\u1eef B. Gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n C. Ng\u00e2n s\u00e1ch nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng D. N\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng cu\u1ed9c s\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta C\u00e2u 3: Ngay sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o trong phe \u0111\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta? A. Ph\u00e1p, Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c B. Anh, M\u0129 C. Anh, Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c D. Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c C\u00e2u 4: Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0o trong phe \u0110\u1ed3ng minh ti\u1ebfn v\u00e0o mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc n\u01b0\u1edbc ta? A. M\u0129 B. Anh C. Ph\u00e1p D. Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c 188","C\u00e2u 5: Qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc ta nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch g\u00ec? A. L\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai B. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p kh\u00ed gi\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt C. Gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n D. \u0110\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Anh v\u00e0 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam C\u00e2u 6: N\u00e9t n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt v\u1ec1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. L\u1ec7 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o Nh\u1eadt B. Tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng C. V\u1eefng m\u1ea1nh D. Do Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t C\u00e2u 7: H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 nh\u1ea5t v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. \u1ea2nh h\u01b0\u1edfng n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1 b\u1edfi v\u0103n h\u00f3a ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y B. V\u0103n h\u00f3a mang n\u1eb7ng t\u01b0 t\u01b0\u1edfng phong ki\u1ebfn l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu C. V\u0103n h\u00f3a truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c b\u1ecb mai m\u1ed9t D. H\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 m\u00f9 ch\u1eef, c\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i tr\u00e0n lan C\u00e2u 8: Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 l\u00e2m th\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi? A. C\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 l\u1ec7nh T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc B. Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n quy\u00ean g\u00f3p \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C. K\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t D. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a C\u00e2u 9: Sau b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i, \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng? A. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u00e1c X\u00f4 vi\u1ebft, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n B. B\u1ea7u c\u1eed h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n v\u00e0 \u1ee7y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p C. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 \u1edf c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng D. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp t\u00f2a \u00e1n nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n x\u00e9t x\u1eed t\u1ed9i ph\u1ea1m chi\u1ebfn tranh 189","C\u00e2u 10: T\u1ea1i phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean (3-1946), Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua n\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o? A. X\u00e1c nh\u1eadn th\u00e0nh t\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng l\u00e2m th\u1eddi. B. L\u1eadp Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p C. Th\u00f4ng qua danh s\u00e1ch Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn D. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u00e2u 11: Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n l\u00e0m g\u00ec \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft l\u00e2u d\u00e0i n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i? A. T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c h\u0169 g\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i B. T\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t C. Nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m s\u1ebb \u00e1o D. Th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m C\u00e2u 12: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta l\u1ea7n th\u1ee9 hai? A. \u0110\u00e1nh \u00fap tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf U\u1ef7 ban nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n B. X\u1ea3 s\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n S\u00e0i G\u00f2n - Ch\u1ee3 L\u1edbn khi \u0111ang t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00edt tinh m\u1eebng ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp C. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ra Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 Nam Trung B\u1ed9 D. C\u1ea5u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh, th\u1ea3 t\u00f9 binh Ph\u00e1p, g\u00e2y m\u1ea5t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb an t\u1ea1i Nam B\u1ed9 C\u00e2u 13: Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam l\u00e0 A. nh\u1edd v\u00e0o s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i B. \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1ec1 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 C. quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn, huy \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Nam B\u1ed9 kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn D. th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p v\u1edbi th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i C\u00e2u 14: Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. Ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 B. H\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p 190","C. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m \u0111\u00e1nh qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u D. Nh\u1edd v\u00e0o Anh \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c C\u00e2u 15: \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y 6\/3\/1946 v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m A. tr\u00e1nh t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 B. th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a ta v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edfng C. b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang ba th\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a ta cho cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i D. chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c quy\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9. C\u00e2u 16: \u0110\u1ec3 kh\u1eafc ph\u1ee5c t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 v\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng g\u00ec? A. Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cT\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t\u201d. B. Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\u201d. C. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u201cQu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d. D. Ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cKh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t t\u1ea5c \u0111\u1ea5t b\u1ecf hoang\u201d. C\u00e2u 17: Ng\u00e0y 8\/9\/1945, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00ed s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp A. Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p B. Nha C\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t C. Nha B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5. D. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i qu\u1ed1c gia Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u00e2u 18: Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945 l\u00e0 A. t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t, th\u1ef1c h\u00e0nh ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m B. ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201cNg\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\u201d C. chia l\u1ea1i ru\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea5t cho d\u00e2n ngh\u00e8o D. k\u00eau g\u1ecdi s\u1ef1 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i C\u00e2u 19: L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfp tay cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p quay l\u1ea1i tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta? A. Qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c B. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt C. \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u0129 D. Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh C\u00e2u 20: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu n\u00e0o di\u1ec5n ra trong n\u0103m 1946 \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n m\u00f3ng cho ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 m\u1edbi? A. B\u1ea7u Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p 191","B. T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i trong c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc C. B\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p D. Th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp \u1ee7y ban h\u00e0nh ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p C\u00e2u 21: \u00c2m m\u01b0u ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong v\u00e0 ngo\u00e0i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945? A. Ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam B. B\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n th\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt Tr\u1ea7n Tr\u1ecdng Kim \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam C. \u0110\u01b0a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam D. M\u1edf \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c M\u0129 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam C\u00e2u 22: Vi\u1ec7c k\u00ed k\u1ebft Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6\/3\/1946) gi\u1eefa Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng t\u1ecf \u0111i\u1ec1u g\u00ec? A. S\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a B. Ta nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o to\u00e0n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng C. S\u1ef1 th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn ngo\u1ea1i giao D. Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn v\u00e0 k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u00e2u 23: S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0o \u0111\u00e3 bu\u1ed9c Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a chuy\u1ec3n t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e1nh Ph\u00e1p sang h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p? A. Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Hoa - Ph\u00e1p B. Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho Ph\u00e1p ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc C. Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta D. Ph\u00e1p g\u1eedi t\u1ed1i h\u1eadu th\u01b0 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ta ph\u1ea3i giao quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 cho ch\u00fang C\u00e2u 24: S\u1eafp x\u1ebfp c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n sau theo tr\u00ecnh t\u1ef1 th\u1eddi gian: 1. T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. 2. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a k\u00ed v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc. 3. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a k\u00ed v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9. 4. Hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Hoa - Ph\u00e1p. A. 1, 4, 3, 2 B. 2, 1, 3, 4 C. 4, 3, 1, 2 D. 2, 3, 1, 4 192","C\u00e2u 25: H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00f3p g\u1ea1o c\u1ee9u \u0111\u00f3i, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c \u201cng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m\u201d th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng g\u00ec c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n ta? A. \u0110o\u00e0n k\u1ebft d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c B. T\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u00e2n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1i C. V\u00ec ng\u00e0y mai ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n D. Truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc C\u00e2u 26: N\u1ed9i dung n\u00e0o kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a khi k\u00ed k\u1ebft v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6\/3\/1946)? A. Tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac B. Nhanh ch\u00f3ng g\u1ea1t 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc C. Tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n \u0111\u1ec1 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng D. C\u00f3 th\u1eddi gian chuy\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan \u0111\u1ea7u n\u00e3o c\u1ee7a ta \u0111\u1ebfn n\u01a1i an to\u00e0n C\u00e2u 27: Vi\u1ec7c k\u00ed k\u1ebft Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6\/3\/1946) \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n A. S\u1ef1 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh B. S\u1ef1 nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e2n h\u00f3a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 C. S\u1ef1 th\u1ecfa hi\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ta v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p D. S\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf trong l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o cu\u1ea3 \u0110\u1ea3ng, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 C\u00e2u 28: M\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng H\u00f2a khi k\u00ed v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00e0y 14\/9\/1946 l\u00e0 g\u00ec? A. Ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho Ph\u00e1p m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a B. C\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng, c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng, chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i C. T\u1ea1o kh\u00f4ng khi h\u00f2a d\u1ecbu \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n t\u1ea1i Ph\u00f4ng-ten-n\u01a1-bl\u00f4 D. \u0110u\u1ed5i 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c ra kh\u1ecfi mi\u1ec1n Nam Vi\u1ec7t Nam. \uf0d8 C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 \u201cng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c\u201d. C\u00e2u 2. Ngay sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam? 193","C\u00e2u 3. V\u00ec sao \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? N\u00eau v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e2u 4. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. \u0110\u00c1P \u00c1N V\u00c0 L\u1edcI GI\u1ea2I B\u1ea2I T\u1eacP T\u1ef0 LUY\u1ec6N 7-D 8-A 9-B 10-D C\u00c2U H\u1eceI TR\u1eaeC NGHI\u1ec6M 17-C 18-B 19-D 20-B 27-A 28-B 1-A 2-B 3-C 4-D 5-A 6-B 11-B 12-A 13-C 14-B 15-A 16-C 21-A 22-D 23-A 24-A 25-B 26-D C\u00c2U H\u1eceI T\u1ef0 LU\u1eacN C\u00e2u 1. Ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u \u00fd ki\u1ebfn v\u1ec1 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh: sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u1edf trong t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf nh\u01b0 \u201cng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c\u201d. - Sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng ho\u00e0 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m nguy, v\u1eadn m\u1ec7nh d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c nh\u01b0 \u201cng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c\u201d. + Nguy c\u01a1 gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n: t\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 ra B\u1eafc, g\u1ea7n 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam, theo sau l\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c tay sai Vi\u1ec7t Qu\u1ed1c, Vi\u1ec7t C\u00e1ch c\u00f3 \u00e2m m\u01b0u ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam; t\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 v\u00e0o Nam, h\u01a1n 1 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Anh k\u00e9o v\u00e0o, d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta; 6 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111ang ch\u1edd gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p; b\u1ecdn ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng trong n\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eady, ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng. + Ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u00f2n non tr\u1ebb ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 trang c\u00f2n non y\u1ebfu, ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 kinh nghi\u1ec7m chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u. + Kinh t\u1ebf: N\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu, b\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1; h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i cu\u1ed1i n\u0103m 1944 - \u0111\u1ea7u n\u0103m 1945 ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft; n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i m\u1edbi l\u1ea1i \u0111ang \u0111e d\u1ecda. + T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh: Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Nh\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc tr\u1ed1ng r\u1ed7ng, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1eabn do Ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t; t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n do Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c tung ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng. 194","+ V\u0103n h\u00f3a: T\u00e0n d\u01b0 v\u0103n ho\u00e1 l\u1ea1c h\u1eadu do ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n phong ki\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c n\u1eb7ng n\u1ec1, h\u01a1n 90% d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 b\u1ecb m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. C\u00e1c t\u1ec7 n\u1ea1n x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u0169 nh\u01b0 m\u00ea t\u00edn d\u1ecb \u0111oan, r\u01b0\u1ee3u ch\u00e8, c\u1edd b\u1ea1c, nghi\u1ec7n h\u00fat c\u00f2n ph\u1ed5 bi\u1ebfn. - C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta \u0111ang \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o nh\u01b0 \u201cng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c\u201d b\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1eb7c \u0111\u00f3i\u201d, \u201cgi\u1eb7c d\u1ed1t\u201d v\u00e0 gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. Trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u00e0 nguy hi\u1ec3m nh\u1ea5t, ch\u01b0a l\u00fac n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u1ea1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t l\u00fac nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. - Tuy nhi\u00ean, sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a c\u00f3 th\u00eam nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i nh\u01b0: h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng XHCN \u0111ang h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh v\u00e0 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh, phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c, phong tr\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea5u tranh d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u1edf nhi\u1ec1u n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u01b0 b\u1ea3n, c\u1ed5 v\u0169 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam; nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c quy\u1ec1n l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00edch c\u1ef1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, \u0110\u1ea3ng \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh v\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ed1i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ebd t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n C\u00e2u 2. Ngay sau th\u1eafng l\u1ee3i c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945, n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m n\u00e0o? C\u00f3 \u0111\u00fang kh\u00f4ng khi kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam? * C\u00e1c th\u1ebf l\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m sau C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m - T\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 tr\u1edf ra B\u1eafc, g\u1ea7n 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c k\u00e9o v\u00e0o v\u1edbi \u00e2m m\u01b0u l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng, thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n tay sai. - T\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 tr\u1edf v\u00e0o Nam, h\u01a1n 1 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Anh k\u00e9o v\u00e0o, d\u1ecdn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng cho th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Ngo\u00e0i ra, m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111ang ch\u1edd gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p, theo l\u1ec7nh qu\u00e2n Anh, t\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n cho qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chi\u1ebfm Nam B\u1ed9. * \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam: - Do \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p: + Ngay t\u1eeb khi Chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ee9 hai k\u1ebft th\u00fac \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng theo ph\u00e1i \u0110\u1edd G\u00f4n \u0111\u00e3 r\u00e1o ri\u1ebft ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng, ch\u1edd th\u1eddi c\u01a1 ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u0169. + Khi qu\u00e2n Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng qu\u00e2n \u0110\u1ed3ng minh, Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n \u1edf \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c m\u00edt tinh m\u1eebng \u201cNg\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp\u201d, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u1ea3 s\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u1ef1 m\u00edt tinh, l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft v\u00e0 b\u1ecb 195","th\u01b0\u01a1ng. \u0110\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Anh, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p n\u1ed5 s\u00fang \u0111\u00e1nh \u00fap tr\u1ee5 s\u1edf U\u1ef7 ban Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 quan t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 S\u00e0i G\u00f2n, m\u1edf \u0111\u1ea7u cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u1ea7n hai. - Kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00e0 th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c: + Sau chi\u1ebfn tranh k\u1ebft th\u00fac, c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n \u0111e d\u1ecda quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0 v\u1eady s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng r\u00fat v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh. + Th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Anh, sau chi\u1ebfn tranh phong tr\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c \u1edf thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Anh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ea1nh, Anh ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u1edf l\u1ea1i \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt \u0111ang ch\u1edd \u0110\u1ed3ng minh v\u00e0o gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p n\u00ean h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam. C\u00e2u 3. V\u00ec sao \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? N\u00eau v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3. * V\u00ec sao \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc Vi\u1ec7t Nam D\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 C\u1ed9ng h\u00f2a l\u1ea1i ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang? - Khi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng v\u1eeba m\u1edbi ra \u0111\u1eddi, ch\u01b0a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u k\u1ebb th\u00f9 l\u1edbn m\u1ea1nh. Trong \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p l\u00e0 k\u1ebb th\u00f9 ch\u00ednh c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadp trung \u0111\u1ea5u tranh ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p. - T\u1eeb v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16 tr\u1edf ra B\u1eafc, 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng, \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n, ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng d\u00e1m ra m\u1eb7t ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng khai. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, s\u1edbm mu\u1ed9n g\u00ec, ch\u00fang c\u0169ng r\u00fat v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00ec v\u1eady, \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng ho\u00e0 ho\u00e3n, tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c. - Nh\u1eb1m h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn tay sai c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edfng, ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd chia cho cho ch\u00fang 70 gh\u1ebf trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed v\u00e0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 gh\u1ebf b\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p. Ta c\u00f2n nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf nh\u01b0 cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u1ee3ng th\u1ef1c, nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n \u201cquan kim\u201d, \u201cqu\u1ed1c t\u1ec7\u201d c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang... * Hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00f3. - Nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf m\u1ee9c th\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai, l\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang. 196","- T\u1ea1o \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, t\u1eadp trung kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam, c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho cu\u1ed9c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn khi lan ra to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c. C\u00e2u 4. Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft nh\u1eefng kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 th\u00e0nh qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a C\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng th\u00e1ng T\u00e1m n\u0103m 1945. 1. X\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n. Nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 trung t\u00e2m l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng v\u00e0 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n. - Ng\u00e0y 6\/1\/1946, t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. H\u01a1n 90% c\u1eed tri \u0111i b\u1ea7u v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 333 \u0111\u1ea1i bi\u1ec3u v\u00e0o Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i. - Ng\u00e0y 2\/3\/1946, Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i h\u1ecdp phi\u00ean h\u1ecdp \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, b\u1ea7u Ban d\u1ef1 th\u1ea3o Hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c do Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u. - Sau b\u1ea7u c\u1eed Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i l\u00e0 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n \u1edf \u0111\u1ecba ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. * \u00dd ngh\u0129a c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c T\u1ed5ng tuy\u1ec3n c\u1eed b\u1ea7u Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 b\u1ea7u c\u1eed H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n c\u00e1c c\u1ea5p - Ph\u00e1 tan \u00e2m m\u01b0u chia r\u1ebd v\u00e0 l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9. - C\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 kh\u1ed1i \u0111o\u00e0n k\u1ebft to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, kh\u01a1i d\u1eady tinh th\u1ea7n y\u00eau n\u01b0\u1edbc, \u00fd th\u1ee9c l\u00e0m ch\u1ee7 tinh th\u1ea7n tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. 2. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i, n\u1ea1n d\u1ed1t, t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh a. N\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i: - Tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u01b0\u1eddng c\u01a1m x\u1ebb \u00e1o, th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n h\u0169 g\u1ea1o ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m, ng\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed3ng t\u00e2m. - V\u1ec1 l\u00e2u d\u00e0i ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh t\u0103ng gia s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t. => Ch\u1ec9 trong th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn n\u1ea1n \u0111\u00f3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i. b. N\u1ea1n d\u1ed1t: - Ng\u00e0y 8\/9\/1945 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00ed s\u1eafc l\u1ec7nh th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp Nha B\u00ecnh d\u00e2n h\u1ecdc v\u1ee5. - M\u1edf c\u00e1c l\u1edbp h\u1ecdc b\u00ecnh d\u00e2n, k\u00eau g\u1ecdi nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n tham gia x\u00f3a n\u1ea1n m\u00f9 ch\u1eef. 197","c. Gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u1ec1 t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. - K\u00eau g\u1ecdi tinh th\u1ea7n t\u1ef1 nguy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng g\u00f3p c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n, th\u00f4ng qua Qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 v\u00e0ng. Quy\u00ean g\u00f3p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 370 kg v\u00e0ng v\u00e0 20 tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u1ed3ng - Ph\u00e1t h\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam, ng\u00e0y 23\/11\/1946 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u h\u00e0nh ti\u1ec1n Vi\u1ec7t Nam tr\u00ean c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc. 3. Ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c ngoai x\u00e2m v\u00e0 n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n a. Ch\u1ed1ng gi\u1eb7c ngo\u1ea1i x\u00e2m. *Tr\u01b0\u1edbc 6\/3\/1946: - Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: H\u00f2a v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u1edf B\u1eafc B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9. - Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p + \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u1edf mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc: h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n tr\u00e1nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t, giao thi\u1ec7p th\u00e2n thi\u1ec7n, nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0 nh\u1eadn cung c\u1ea5p l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m, nh\u1eadn ti\u00eau ti\u1ec1n m\u1ea5t gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0\u1eddng cho tay sai c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edfng 70 gh\u1ebf trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 4 gh\u1ebf trong Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea7u c\u1eed. \u2192 T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng: L\u00e0m th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u00e2m m\u01b0u c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a b\u1ecdn tay sai c\u1ee7a Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c, ta c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam + \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p \u1edf mi\u1ec1n Nam: Ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng b\u1ecdn th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u00e3 anh d\u0169ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 s\u1eb5n v\u00e0 b\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi h\u00ecnh th\u1ee9c. \u0110\u1ed3ng b\u00e0o c\u1ea3 n\u01b0\u1edbc h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 mi\u1ec1n Nam ru\u1ed9t th\u1ecbt. *Sau ng\u00e0y 6\/3\/1946 - Ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng: H\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111u\u1ed5i nhanh qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c, tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. - Bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p: K\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y 6\/3\/1946 v\u00e0 T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc 14\/9\/1946 Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 (6\/3\/1946) * Ho\u00e0n c\u1ea3nh l\u1ecbch s\u1eed - \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p: Sau khi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u01a1i \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9, th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n ra B\u1eafc nh\u1eb1m th\u00f4n t\u00ednh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u01b0\u1edbc ta. Tuy nhi\u00ean, Ph\u00e1p g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i hai kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n: M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a ta; hai l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1edbi 20 v\u1ea1n 198","qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c, n\u00ean Ph\u00e1p mu\u1ed1n th\u01b0\u01a1ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ec3 thay qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. - \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c: ch\u00fang c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. - Ph\u00e1p - Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft tay c\u00e2u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi nhau, ch\u00fang k\u00ed hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Hoa - Ph\u00e1p 28\/2\/1946, theo \u0111\u00f3 Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ra B\u1eafc thay qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ph\u00e1t x\u00edt Nh\u1eadt. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u00e2m m\u01b0u th\u00e2m \u0111\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc ta tr\u01b0\u1edbc hai con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecdn m\u1ed9t: + M\u1ed9t l\u00e0 c\u1ea7m v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p khi ch\u00fang v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ebfn mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. + Ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 g\u1ea1t nhanh 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 tranh th\u1ee7 th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng Ph\u00e1p sau n\u00e0y. \u2192 Sau khi nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh ta ch\u1ecdn gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ng\u00e0y 6\/3\/1946 * N\u1ed9i dung: - Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Ph\u00e1p c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1ef1 do n\u1eb1m trong kh\u1ed1i Li\u00ean hi\u1ec7p Ph\u00e1p. - Ta \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd cho 15000 qu\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p ra mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc thay qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 r\u00fat d\u1ea7n trong th\u1eddi h\u1ea1n 5 n\u0103m. - Hai b\u00ean ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn \u1edf Nam B\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u1edf Pari. \u2192 Vi\u1ec7c k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 ta \u0111\u00e3 lo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t k\u1ebb th\u00f9 nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho ta, ta c\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc 14\/9\/1946. Sau Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9, ta th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n thi\u1ec7n ch\u00ed h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u00f2n Ph\u00e1p v\u1eabn c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n vi\u1ec7c thi h\u00e0nh, t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng khi\u00eau kh\u00edch l\u00e0m cho cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u1edf Ph\u00f4ng Tenn\u01a1bl\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u00e0nh, quan h\u1ec7 Vi\u1ec7t - Ph\u00e1p tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, \u0111\u1ec3 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian h\u00f2a ho\u00e3n chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb cho kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed3 Ch\u00ed Minh k\u00ed ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p b\u1ea3n T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc 14\/9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c nh\u00e2n nh\u01b0\u1ee3ng cho ch\u00fang m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ee3i v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf, v\u0103n h\u00f3a. * T\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng c\u1ee7a vi\u1ec7c k\u00ed Hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh S\u01a1 b\u1ed9 6\/3 v\u00e0 T\u1ea1m \u01b0\u1edbc 14\/9 199","- \u0110\u1eadp tan \u00fd \u0111\u1ed3 c\u1ee7a Ph\u00e1p trong vi\u1ec7c c\u00e2u k\u1ebft v\u1edbi T\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ta. - \u0110\u1ea9y nhanh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c 20 v\u1ea1n qu\u00e2n Trung Hoa D\u00e2n qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 tay sai v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ebf bao v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9. - C\u00f3 th\u00eam th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee7ng c\u1ed1 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u00e2u d\u00e0i. a. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi n\u1ed9i ph\u1ea3n: ki\u00ean quy\u1ebft v\u1ea1ch tr\u1ea7n b\u1ed9 m\u1eb7t ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang, tr\u1eebng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3n c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1nh v\u00e0 tay sai c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edfng. b. Nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t - L\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ch\u1ee7 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00fang \u0111\u1eafn, s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t, m\u1ec1m d\u1ebbo v\u1ec1 s\u00e1ch l\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u01b0ng c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn v\u1ec1 nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc, bi\u1ebft l\u1ee3i d\u1ee5ng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn trong h\u00e0ng ng\u0169 c\u1ee7a k\u1ebb th\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng cho ch\u00fang c\u00f3 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n t\u1eadp trung l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ed1ng ph\u00e1 ta. - \u0110\u01b0a n\u01b0\u1edbc ta v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua m\u1ecdi kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n v\u00e0 tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi t\u00ecnh th\u1ebf hi\u1ec3m ngh\u00e8o ng\u00e0n c\u00e2n treo s\u1ee3i t\u00f3c s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u l\u00e2u d\u00e0i v\u1edbi Ph\u00e1p. CH\u1ee6 \u0110\u1ec0 8: NH\u1eeeNG N\u0102M \u0110\u1ea6U TO\u00c0N QU\u1ed0C KH\u00c1NG CHI\u1ebeN (1946 \u2013 1950) M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \uf076 Ki\u1ebfn th\u1ee9c + Tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n Vi\u1ec7t Nam \u0111\u1ea9y m\u1ea1nh kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n d\u00e2n, to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. + Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi v\u00e0 \u0110\u00f4ng D\u01b0\u01a1ng trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m 1939 \u2013 1945 \u0111\u1ebfn c\u00e1ch m\u1ea1ng Vi\u1ec7t Nam. + N\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch Vi\u1ec7t B\u1eafc thu \u2013 \u0111\u00f4ng n\u0103m 1947: \u00e2m m\u01b0u v\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p; di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch; k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u00fd ngh\u0129a. + N\u00eau \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng n\u00e9t ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf H\u00e0 N\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f4 th\u1ecb ph\u00eda B\u1eafc v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 16: m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3, \u00fd ngh\u0129a. \uf076 K\u0129 n\u0103ng + Ph\u00e2n t\u00edch, \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1, so s\u00e1nh, \u2026 \u0111\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn l\u1ecbch s\u1eed v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u to\u00e0n qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1ng chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ed1ng th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n Ph\u00e1p x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c. + Khai th\u00e1c tranh \u1ea3nh, t\u01b0 li\u1ec7u l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, \u0111\u1ed3 d\u00f9ng tr\u1ef1c quan khi h\u1ecdc t\u1eadp. 200"]