English IV

TEST YOURSELFA. Read the selection. LAPULAPU, THE FIRST DEFENDER OF FILIPINO FREEDOM One Filipino chieftain did not like the coming of Magellan. He was Lapulapu, the ruler of Mactan. Lapulapu felt the Spaniards did not come here to make friends. He felt the foreigners would rule the country. He resented the idea of giving tribute to the Spaniards. Magellan did not like the defiant attitude of Lapulapu. The Spaniards were the best fighters in the world. Lapulapu and his men could not be better warriors than the Spaniards. The native warriors defended the island, killed Magellan, and drove the soldiers to their ships. The victory of Lapulapu over Magellan was very significant. The victory proved that the Filipinos are brave people. 1. Here are sentences from the selection. Identify if the sentence tells a fact or an opinion.Write the answers in your notebook. 1. Lapulapu was the ruler of Mactan. 2. He did not welcome the coming of Magellan. 3. The Spaniards were the best fighters in the world. 4. Lapulapu felt the Spaniards did not come here to make friends. 5. Magellan was killed by the warriors of Lapulapu. 2. Think of the utterances the characters in each situation will say. Write this down in your notebook. A. What the soldiers of Lapulapu will say after Magellan was killed.

B. What Magellan’s men will say about Lapulapu C. What Lapulapu says about the SpaniardsB. Read the sentences below. Each sentence contains an opinion and a fact. Separate the facts from opinions and write them in your notebook. Start with all the facts in one column. Follow them with the list of opinions in another column. Example: Yesterday's rain which lasted for five hours was probably the worst rainfall in our place. Fact OpinionIt rained yesterday. It was the worst rainfall in our place. 1. Jun Simon, who is exactly six feet tall, is the most energetic boy in the class. 2. The owl with its two big eyes is the queerest bird in the bird kingdom. 3. The First Lady, who is respected by the people, was at the park yesterday. 4. The typhoon which destroyed the oldest bridge was the strongest typhoon that hit the city. 5. The people gave a warm welcome as the seven-foot tall world boxing champion stood up.C. Study this advertisement. Masters Milk is full cream milk. The taste of fresh milk has been preserved in every liter of Masters Milk. Children can enjoy the nutritional benefits of fresh milk.A. WriMte adsotewrns Mtheilkutitsernaonwceatvhaaitlawbillel afittailnl ltehaedpinicgtugrreoicnertyhisstocroems.ic strip.

B. Copy this chart in your notebook. Write down 3 facts and 3 opinions about the advertisement under each appropriate column. Fact Opinion You have finished the module on distinguishing between fact and opinion. Now you canclassify information which may be useful to you.



GRADE VI MAKING SENTENCES AND GIVING TITLES TO PARAGRAPHS GETTING STARTEDWelcome to this module ! I know you have been writing sentences and paragraphs. When you write sentences you always put a punctuation mark at the end of the sentence.You begin your sentence with a capital letter. Group of sentences with related ideas form aparagraph. Stories are made up of several paragraphs. We find enjoyment in reading stories. In this module you will learn: - what a declarative sentence is - how to write sentences in paragraph form, observing capitalization and punctuation - to give a heading or title for the texts read Get started and be interested in working on this material. REVIEW TIMELook at the picture.Which of the words below the picture best describe it? 1. A. Noli is walking on the street. B. Noli picked up a banana peeling and looked for a garbage can. C. Noli saw a banana peeling on the street.

2. A. The pupils are looking at object. B. The pupils are performing a Science experiment. C. The pupils enjoy their work. Do you still remember what a sentence is? Read these words under each group. Group A Group B 1. Wild animals living in the 1. These animals are wildlife. forest 2. The harmful insects 2. Many birds eat harmful insects. 3. The insects as enemies of 3. Some animals destroy the farmers farmer’s crops. 4. Animals as food 4. Animals are hunting for food. 5. Animals, birds and trees 5. Wild birds live on trees. Which group of words are sentences? Do these group of words express a complete thought?Read these sentences. Copy the group of words that express a complete thought. Write youranswer in your notebook. 1. The sound of a truck going around. 2. The big truck with books was the Traveling Library. 3. The people went inside the truck. 4. The books with colorful pictures. 5. Children choose books they could read easily. 6. Father’s book for goat raising. 7. How to take care of plants.

8. The Traveling Library is a project of the Barangay Captain. 9. The children borrowed books about science. 10. The interesting science books about Sun and Stars. STUDY TIMERead this paragraph. There are many tourist attractions in our country. One of them is the Banaue Rice Terraces.This is found in Ifugao. It is considered as one of the wonders of the world. Mayon Volcano inAlbay has almost a perfect cone. Other tourist attractions are the Taal Lake in Batangas and theChocolate Hills in Bohol. Our country is a beautiful country. We should be proud of ourcountry. This paragraph is composed of several sentences. The sentences express a complete thought. Do the sentences tell something or give information? What punctuation mark is found at the end of the sentence? The sentences tell something or give information. A sentence that gives information is called a declarative sentence. A period is put at the end of a declarative sentence.Read the paragraph again.

Think of the information each declarative sentence tells. Are the ideas or information in each sentence related to one another? If your answer is Yes, you are right. The sentences in the paragraph are related and give one idea. Does the paragraph tell a story? If the paragraph gives you a story, is there something missing? What do you think is missing? Did you say title? Yes, this paragraph needs a title. Which of the following is a good title for the paragraph? A. Tourist Spots in the Philippines B. Our Beautiful Country C. The Wonders of the World The best title for this paragraph is letter A. It gives us the clue of what we are going toread from the story.Read this paragraph. It was Marissa’s birthday. She woke up early. She went to church together with her mother.When they arrived home from the church, Marissa was greatly surprised. There were pink andred balloons in the sala. There were also gifts on the table. “Who bought these balloons, Mother?” she asked. Just then her grandmother, aunts, and cousins came out from the room. “Happy Birthday,Marissa!” they said. Marissa thanked her grandparents, aunts, and cousins. “This is a great surprise for me,” shesaid. Which of the following is the best title for this paragraph? A. Marissa’s Birthday B. A Surprise for Marissa C. Pink and Red Balloons Did you select letter B? A Surprise for Marissa is the best title for this story. This gives us eagerness to know whatwas the surprise for Marissa. Remember that a good title makes the reader interested to read the story.Read this paragraph. When do we usually see the moon? The moon is one of our heavenly bodies. It gives us abright light especially during full moon. The light of the moon is not as hot as the heat of the

sun. Do you know why? The moon has no light of its own. It shines on reflected light from thesun. It has no atmosphere, which means, there is no air to breathe over its surface. So it isimpossible for living things to live on the moon. Which could be a good title for this paragraph? A. The Light of the Moon B. Features of the Moon C. The Moon Keep in Mind A good title arouses the reader's interest to read a story. The title gives a clue to what the story is about. A paragraph is composed of several related sentences. A declarative sentence is used in most paragraph. It is a statement that gives information. It ends with a period. PRACTICE TIMEA. Read these sentences. Which of these sentences give information? Copy the sentences in your notebook. 1. Trees help us in many ways. 2. Are there trees in your place? 3. What are they? 4. Trees give us food. 5. They give us lumber for our homes. 6. They give us shade and add beauty to our surrounding. 7. Let us plant trees. 8. Trees give us oxygen we need to breathe. 9. Trees prevent floods. 10. Shall we cut down trees?

B. Write a declarative sentence for each picture. Write your sentence in your notebook. 1. 2. 3. 5.C. Rewrite these sentences in paragraph form. Put the correct punctuation mark at the end of each sentence. Write your paragraph in your notebook. 1. Manolo was a good sport.

2. One day Lito played a joke on him. 3. He pinned something at the back of Manolo's shirt. 4. All the boys laughed at Manolo as he walked around. 5. Manolo looked at his back. 6. He saw the long piece of cloth that looked like a tail tied at his back. 7. Manolo removed the piece of cloth and laughed with the boys. 8. All the boys enjoyed the joke.Read your paragraph. Which of the following is a good title for your paragraph? A. A Good Joke B. A Good Sport C. Manolo's FriendD. Here are some more exercises in giving title to a story or a paragraph read. Read the paragraphs. Copy the letter of the appropriate title for each paragraph. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. There was a woodcarver who carved a wooden puppet. The puppet looked like a small boy. A miracle happened and the puppet came to life. He ran errands for his father, but he behaved badly. He was careless with his money and told lies to his friends. A fairy caught him telling lies. The fairy got angry. Everytime he lied, his nose grew longer. That was the punishment given to him. From that time on, he did not tell lies anymore. A. A Wooden Puppet B. The Puppet That Has Life C. Playing with Puppet

2. Jose Rizal used to ride on a banca when he was a little boy. Oneafternoon when he was with his father on the banca, one of his slippers fell intothe river. He got his other pair and threw it to the river. His father asked, \"Son,why did you throw the other pair into the water? Jose answered, “If anyone findsmy slippers, it will surely be of use to them if they found a pair.” Even as a boy,Jose Rizal thought of the welfare of others. A. A Banca Ride B. The Young Hero C. A Thoughtful Boy 3. The planet earth is a big round ball. It is a great body of rocks, waterand air moving through space. The earth pulls things down. The pull of the earthis called gravity. Gravity holds the soil to the earth. It holds the water and theair. Gravity holds people to earth and it also holds you so you won't fall. Source: The Changing World of Science A. How Gravity Works B. The Pull of Gravity C. The Earth

4. The day I was waiting for came. Mother allowed me to go fishing with my cousin; I went to the garden and dug the ground looking for earthworms. It did not take me long to find worms. I put them in a little can and I got my fishing line. My cousin and I went to the river and I sat on a big stone. My cousin just stood on the bank of the river. I dropped my line and waited. I waited for a long time before I felt something heavy on my fishing line. I pulled up my fishing line and there was my big catch. Do you know what it was? It was a big rotten shoe. A. Fishing B. A Big Catch C. A Rotten Shoe TEST YOURSELFA. Write two declarative sentences about each of the following situation. Write your sentences in your notebook. 1. Nora and her friends are at the animal farm. What information will they tell you? 2. Nilo invited his classmates to see his vegetable garden at home. If you are one of his classmates, what will you say? 3. We have many school celebrations. Think of one celebration and tell something about it. 4. Your lesson in science is about the sun and stars. Tell something about the sun, stars, and other heavenly bodies. 5. You don't want to get sick, do you? Tell what you will do to make your strong and healthy.

B. From the list of titles below, copy the letter of the appropriate title for each paragraph. Write your answer in your notebook. A. The Bamboo Tree B. The Tallest Grass C. What We Get from Bamboo D. Native Food from Bamboo 1. Bamboos are often called the giant of the grass family. Some bamboos can grow as big as trees. Some can even grow to about 120 feet or 40 meters high. They can grow in the lowland or in very high places. You can see bamboos swaying to and fro when the wind blows. Indeed the bamboos are considered tall grasses. 2. Bamboo is a useful plant. It is used for building houses. It is used as posts, beams, and sides of houses. It is also used in making furniture. Furniture made of bamboo are admired by foreigners. 3. There are certain food and medicine that come from bamboo. The young bamboo shoot called labong is cooked into different kinds of dishes. These dishes are among the delicacies of our people.C. Copy the declarative sentence that is related to the given title. Write the sentences in paragraph form. Write your paragraph in your notebook. Title: Safety First - We should keep our home a safe place to live in. - Toys, small objects, and pieces of rags should not be left lying on the floor. - Books should be read at home. - Sharp objects like knives should be kept in drawers or in boxes. - Candles are used at night. - Lighted candles, kerosene lamps, and gas stoves should be put out when not in use.D. What is the best title for the paragraph below? Copy the letter of the correct answer. The Cruz family was awakened by a loud noise. Mr. Cruz looked out of the window. Hesaw his neighbors coming out of their houses carrying their personal belongings. Some werecarrying their television sets. Others were carrying bundles of clothes. Mr. Cruz called on hischildren to pack their belongings. There was a fire in the nearby barangay. Sirens of firemencould be heard. A. A Fire Scene B. The Fire Truck C. The Cruz Family

GGRrAadDeEIVIV SKIMMING FOR THE GENERAL IDEA OF PARAGRAPHS AND STORIESGETTING STARTED In this busy world, people are always in a hurry. They have many concerns. Children, students are not spared in the rush. they also have to attend to many activities, assignments and homework. This module will help you discover how good a reader you are. You will be reading paragraphs, stories, and news reports. You will learn how to read fast but with understanding. This kind of reading is called skimming. Learn how to read fast without defeating the purpose of reading. I’m sure you will be interested in doing the activities set for you. This module will help you develop your skill in reading fast a skimming. Good luck ! Objective: Skim for the general idea on what the material is all about. REVIEW TIME A. Look at the following pictures. What in the pictures will you focus your attention to? Why? Write your answers in your notebook.

1. 2.3. 4.5.

STUDY TIMEDo you enjoy reading books?Have you done any skimming of stories/books you have read? If not, keep in mind that: Go over the following paragraphs as fast as you can: The Hawk, when the time came, went out to find a wife for himself. He traveled from place to place and at last he chose a girl in a distant village. He spoke to the girl’s father and arrangements were made. He gave presents to the girl’s family. What is the general idea of the paragraph? General Idea – How the hawk found his wife How did you know that it is the general idea of the par even if you read fast? Now skim through each paragraph. Choose the general idea of each. Write the letter of your choice in your notebook. The bat became very unhappy when it realized no animal wanted to have anything to do with him. He felt miserable and ashamed of himself that he decided to live in caves and dark holes. He did not want to show his face to anyone. Since then, bats have been hiding in dark places, not caring to go out except in the darkness of night. A. the bat being unhappy B. why bats fly at night C. the bat being a loner President Ramon Magsaysay was known by most of his countrymen as a “Man in a Hurry”. When he honestly believed that a project would help improve the life of the people, especially those in the rural areas, he would immediately ask that the project be completed without delay. A. Why Ramon Magsaysay was known as a “Man in a Hurry” B. Projects of Ramon Magsaysay C. Why people loved Ramon Magsaysay

John F. Kennedy was the youngest President of the United States. He was not only the youngest but possibly the most courageous man who ever occupied the United States presidency. Even before he entered politics, Kennedy had already shown remarkable fighting spirit. His life was full of incidents which revealed his outstanding courage in the face of overwhelming difficulties. A. John F. Kennedy as a family man B. John F. Kennedy as a great man C. John F. Kennedy as a man of courage Soap plays an important part in our lives in many ways. It keeps us clean and free from diseases. When we wash, the dirt of dried skin, germs, and body oil stick to the soap and are washed away. Soap has almost rid the earth of diseases spread by fleas & bacteria A. The importance of soap in our lives B. How soap is made C. Effects of the disappearance of soap.A. Read as fast as you can and write in two to three sentences what each story is about. Do it in your notebook. The Wolf and the House Dog Aesop There was once a wolf who got very little to eat because the dogs of the village were so wide awake and watchful. He was really nothing but skin and bones, and it made him very downhearted to think of it. One night this wolf happened to fall in line with a fine fat house dog who had wandered a little too far from home. The wolf would gladly have eaten him then and there, but the house dog looked strong. So the wolf went up to him and told him how well he looked.

“You can be as well-fed as I am if you want to,” said the dog. “Leave thewoods, there you live miserably. Why, you have to fight hard for every biteyou get. Follow me and you will get along beautifully.” “What must I do?” asked the wolf. “Hardly anything,” answered the house dog. “Run after people who carrycanes, bark at beggars, and obey the people of the house. In return you willget tidbits of every kind: chicken bones, choice bits of meat, sugar and cake,not to speak of kind words and caresses.” The wolf thought of his coming happiness and he almost jumped with joy.But just then he noticed that the hair on the dog’s neck was worn, and the skinwas bruised. What is that on your neck?” “Nothing at all,” replied the dog. “Please tell me.” “Perhaps you see the mark of the collar to which my chain is fastened.” “What! a chain?” cried the wolf “Don’t you go wherever you please?” “Not always! But I don’t mind. What’s the difference?” said the dog. “All the difference in the world! I don’t care a bit for your feasts and Iwouldn’t take all those choice bits in the world. You see, I happen to valuefreedom more than anything else.” And away ran the wolf to the woods. The Riddle of the Sphinx A Greek Legend Many years ago, the Greek city of Thebes was rocked with fear andterror. A large ferocious monster blocked the main road leading to the city.

This monster was known as the sphinx. The lower part of its body was that of a lion and the upper part was that of a woman. The sphinx waited on top of a rock and stopped all travelers that came its way. All were asked a riddle. Those who could solve the riddle passed into the city safely, but those who could not were mercilessly killed. No one had so far been successful in solving the riddle. One day a brave young man named Oedipus came to Thebes. As he reached the main road, the sphinx immediately stopped him and asked, “What animal is that which in the morning goes on four feet, at noon on two feet, and in the evening on three feet?” Oedipus thought for a while and then replied, ”Man who in childhood creeps on hands and knees, in manhood walks erect, and in old age walks with the aid of a cane.” The sphinx was so humiliated by Oedipus’ quick solution to its riddle. It flung itself down from the rocks and was killed. Out of gratitude, the people of Thebes made Oedipus their king, and peace settled in their city for a long, long time. PRACTICE TIMEce TimeSkim for the general idea of this news article. Do it in your notebook. A. GMA to retain her seat, perks in congress by Gil C Cabacungan Jr. Pampanga Representative Gloria Macapagal Arroyo will retain her seat and all its perks even if she cannot go to the House Leaders. “So far I don’t see any immediate changes”, Speaker Belmonte Jr. said two days after Arroyo was placed under hospital arrest for allegedly sabotaging the results of the 2007 senatorial elections. The Pasay City Regional Trial Court issued the arrest warrant in response to the criminal complaint filed by the Commission on Elections. She continues to be a member of the House, with the same rights & privilegdes as the rest. The only difference is she cannot attend the sessions,” said Majority Leader Neptali Gonzales III. Philippine Daily Inquirer

November 21, 2011B. Employees loses job due to dishonesty by Carla P. Gomez Inquirer Visayas Bacolod City – The Office of the Ombudsman in the Visayas has dismissed an employee of the Negros Occidental Provincial Treasurer’s Office for absconding close to 300, 000 in public funds. The ombudsman found Revenue Collection Clerk, Eden Rosario Dasan administratively guilty of serious dishonesty, and dismissed her from the service with forfeiture of benefit & perpetual disqualification to hold public office. The Ombudsman directed Negros Occ. Gov. Alfredo Marañon Jr. to enforce the decision dismissing Dasas. But Dasan has disappeared since 2010 & was rumored to have left the country, said Provincial Treasurer Nilda Generoso. The Office of the ombudsman’s decision said Dasas abused her position & her acts of dishonesty made her unfit to remain in government service. Philippine Daily Inquirer Nov. 21, 2011 M’ndanao farmers call for totalapproach to boost veggie sector DAVAO – In a bid to improve the quality and value of their vegetable crops, hundreds of farmers are advocating the implementation of a comprehensive strategic production zone (SPZ) plan, which aims to identify and then market competitive products from the region’s agricultural areas. At the recent 2nd Southern Mindanao Vegetable Industry Conference, Vegetable Industry Council for Southern Mindanao (VICSMIN) incoming chairman Roger Gualberto spoke for the growers by proposing that economic infrastructure be a vital component of the SPZ plan. Stressing the importance of a more organized farmers group, he said growers should demand policy reforms to accelerate the sector’s development. With the USAID-funded Growth with Equity in Mindanao (GEM) program as co-organizer, the two-day activity discussed industry issues and strategies for local growers to capture a bigger share of international and domestic markets. Growers are considering various options to establish the needed infrastructure, post harvest facilities and technologies to enhance their production, post production, and marketing practices. Currently, up to 40 percent of Southern Mindanao’s vegetable harvest goes to waste due to the inadequate facilities available for transporting or storing farmers’ produce.

For more advance production practices, the group is pushing for better techno transfer services including establishment or more demo farms and better access to high quality seeds.After all the activities you have done, you are now ready for the next part of this module.Let’s Summarize Skimming is going over a reading material rapidly. It is not reading word for words or slowreading. Instead let your eyes move quickly through the sentences. And as you do, grasp thegeneral idea of the text. TEST YOURSELFA. Skim the following paragraphs. Choose the general idea of each. Write the letter of the correct general idea in your notebook. 1. An Ant Colony Ants are known to be social insects. They live in groups called colonies. All ants in the colony have special jobs. There are three types of ants in a colony namely: the queen, which produces egges, the female workers which care for the egg, and the male ants which are only produced for mating. Female worker ants compromise most ants in the colony. Male ants and new queen ants which have wings are produced by the queen in the summer months. They leave the nests when the weather is warm for the wedding flight. They mate while flying. Male ants fall to the ground and die after mating, while the queen flies down and sheds its wings after. Once on the grounds, the queen begins building a new nest.

A. The most important ant B. How ants live C. Where ants go 2. A RainforestTropical rainforests cover six percent of the land surface of the earth.They serve as home for half of the living species of the world. Atpresent, rainforests around the world are destroyed. This destructioncauses the rising of greenhouse gas levels in the atmosphere. Human’sclearing of tropical rainforest is responsible for the greatest period ofextinction. A vast treasure-house of foods and medicine is beingbulldozed away. A. The destruction of rainforests B. What a rainforest is C. How destruction of rainforests could be avoided

3. Trung Thu is a Vietnamese festival celebrated around September. It’sa celebration of the full moon of mid-autumn, when the moon is at itsfullest. As soon as the full moon appears, the festival begins. Trung Thualso celebrates Children’s Day in Vietnam. Children carry lightedlanterns in all shapes and sizes of the full moon: birds, fish, butterflies,and even aero planes. They parade through the streets. There are alsodragon dances and drums and cymbals. The noisy celebration last lateinto the night. A. A Vietnamese custom B. A Vietnamese costume C. A Vietnamese festival

4. A Giant PandaThe giant panda is about 1.5 m. long and weighs about 100 to 135kilograms, about the size of a large bear. Pandas are patterned in blackand white with large black patches over their eyes. The giant pandas arefound only in Kansu and Szechwan provinces in North West China.Like humans, they get two sets of teeth: a baby teeth and an adult set.Another similarity is that pandas have set of five fingers with a thumb,which enable them to grab things tightly. A. Pandas’ thumbs B. Pandas’ way of life C. Pandas are like humans

5. Kites Kites have been flown in China since about 400 B.C. It was around that time when the work on the Great Wall of China began. During those times, Chinese kites were used often for military purposes. An earliest account tells how Han Xian, a general at the time, tried to invade a heavily guarded palace. He flew a kite over wall of the palace, then measured the length of the string of the kite for him to be able to calculate the distance required to reach the inside of the palace. Using the measurement as a guide, Han Xian tunneled secretly under the wall of the palace and took the defenders by surprise. A. How kites began B. Inventors of kites C. Designs of kitesB. Skims for the general idea in this story and write its in 2-3 sentences. Do this in your notebook.

1. The Story of Abraham From the Bible God loved Abraham. He gave him riches. His flocks increased, buthe still felt unhappily. He and his wife Sarah were then very old andGod had not given them a son. One day God showed Himself to him. Abraham bowed low and said,“My Lord, shall I die without children? Shall I give all my wealth to thesons of my servants?” “Look up, Abraham,” God said. “Try to count the stars in the sky, ifyou can. Your descendants shall be as numerous as those stars. Youshall be the father of many nations. Your wife shall be the mother ofprincesses. Your son shall be the father of kings. You shall name himIsaac.” Abraham believed all that God had told him and patiently waited fora son. Then one day, Isaac was born, as God had promised. Abrahamwas filled with extreme joy. He knelt and thanked God for having givenhim a son. When Isaac was a young boy, God said, “Abraham, Abraham!” And Abraham answered, “Here I am, Lord.” “Take Isaac, your only son, and offer him in sacrifice upon themountain which I will show you.” Abraham’s heart was filled with grief. But he had always obeyedGod. And so, he prepared to go to the mountain and offer his son insacrifice. He cut the wood for the fire and placed the bundle on the backof an ass.

They traveled for three days. When they reached the foot of the mountain, Abraham told his servants: “Stay here with the ass. My son and I will go to the top of the mountain to make an offering to the Lord.” Isaac loaded the firewood on his back and followed his father, as he went up the mountain. When they reached the mountain top, Isaac told his father, “My father, we have the fire and the wood, but where is the lamb for the sacrifice?” Abraham answered: “My son, God will provide the lamb.” Abraham built an altar and placed the firewood upon it. Next he bound his son Isaac and placed him on top of the pile of wood on the altar. Then he took his sword and raised it directly above his son’s chest. At that moment, a voice from heaven called out saying: “Abraham, do not do anything to your son. For now I know that you fear God. You were ready to sacrifice your only son for My sake.” At the same instant, Abraham saw a ram caught by its horns in a thicket. He took the ram and offered it as sacrifice to God. Again, Abraham heard a voice from heaven saying: “Because you were ready to sacrifice your only son for My sake, I shall bless you. Your descendants shall be as numerous as the stars in heaven. Because you obeyed My voice, I shall bless all nations of the earth.”I hope you enjoyed working on this module and you did your best in working on these activities.

GRADE IVUSING THE DICTIONARYGETTING STARTED Hi! Do you know me? I am Mr. Dictionary. I am a friend. You can count on me. When you need to know the meaning of words, all you have to do is to open me. But first let me tell you that the words in me are arranged alphabetically. They have several meanings. Through the activities you will work on in this module, you will be selecting the appropriate meaning of a given word to be used in writing your sentences or paragraphs. Working on this module will surely increase your vocabulary which you will use in speaking and writing. Start now and good luck !

Review TimeA. Remember your lessons on arranging words in alphabetical order?Write the letter that comes immediately before and after each letter.Write your answer in your notebook.1. ____ t ____ 6. ____ h ____2. ____ f ____ 7. ____ m ____3. ____ c ____ 8. ____ v ____4. ____ u ____ 9. ____ q ____5. ____ d ____ 10. ____ k ____B. This time try to see how you can alphabetize words whose first and second lettersare the same. Rewrite the words in each box in alphabetical order. Do this in yournotebook.Example:beauty beautybegin beefbeef beginbeware betweenbetween bewareBegin here: 2. 3.1. cap girl card gill jar cave ginger jade cabinet giggle jangle cathedral giraffe janitor jackpot

4. 5. pest week pearl west pelvic well pepper weight perfume weatherCombine the two lists of names into one. Arrange them in alphabetical order. Write youranswer in your notebook.A - Abrancia, Ernani B - Alto, Natividad- Alban, Luz - Albaño, Marie- Altea, Nilo - Barbin, Fidel- Barrientos, Elmer - Castro, Mercedes- Diaz, Teresa - Domaoal, Lourdes- Dy, Lauro - Ferrer, Fe- Kare, Rosario - Marquez, Norma- Mendoza, Chrisanthine - Santos, Lorna- Sarte, Romulo - Satuito, Vicente- Uy, Mario - Serrano, John You have done pretty well. You need to know the letters of the alphabet if you are to look for the meaning of a word in the dictionary.I'm sure you have heard of Guide Words? In using a dictionary you need to know guidewords.

Guide words are words found at the top of every page of the dictionary. Example: -alder/alikeThe first word on this page is alder and the last word is alike. All the words found on thispage fall under these guide words.Study this page of a dictionary. Read the meaning of each word.

alder / alike known. An example of an algebra problem is: 10x – 3 = 17.alder A tree or shrub that grows in cool and moist places. al-ge-bra (al’jəbrə) noun. The alder is similar to the birch tree. It has rough bark and roundish leaves. alias Another name a person calls himself. A person usually al-der (Ôl’dər)noun, plural alders. uses an alias to hide his real identity. “Billy the Kid” was the alias of an outlaw named William H. Bonney. Noun. - Otherwise called; also known as. Sam Jones, alias John Williams, was wanted by the police for questioning. Adverb. a-li-as (a’le-əs) noun, plural aliases; adverb alibi I. A claim or proof that one was somewhere else when a crime or other act was going on. When the police questioned the man about the robbery, he had a good alibi, so he was not arrested 2. an excuse. Do you have an alibi for being late?ale An alcoholic drink that is like beer, but stronger and more A The word alibi comes from a Latin word that means bitter. Another word that sounds like this is ail. “somewhere else”. When a person was accused of a crime, he would try to prove that he was in another place at theale (āl)noun, plural ales. time of the crime. The claim or proof that a person was somewhere else became known as his alibi.alert 1. Watching carefully. An alert guard saw the robbers enter the building. 2. Quick to act or learn: lively, active. alien A person who is not a citizen of the country in which he Her good work shows that she has an alert mind. Adjective lives; foreigner. That man is an alien in America because A signal that warns of possible danger; alarm. The troops he is still a citizen of France. Noun. remained underground during the air raid alert. Noun - Not familiar, different. The customs of those people are - To make aware of; warn. The Coast Guard alerted alien to me. Adjective. the town to the coming hurricane. Verb. al-ien (al’yən or a’leən) noun, plural aliens; adjectivea-lert (əlurt’)adjective; noun, plural alerts; Verb. alerted, alienate To make someone feel unfriendly or angry. The child’s bad temper alienated some of his friends.alerting al-ien-ate (al’yənāt’ or ā’lēənāt) verb.alfalfa A plan like clover. It alienated, alienating.has bluish-purple flowers.Alfalfa as grown as food for alight1 1. To get down; land. The girl alighted from hercattle and other livestock. pony. 2. To come down from the air, land. The beeal-fal-fa (al fal’fə) noun. alighted on the flower. a-light (əlit’) verb, alighted or alit, alighting.algae A large group of waterplants that do not have roots alight2 1. Lighted up; glowing. Her face was alight withor flowers. Seaweed is a joy. 2. On fire; burning. During the fireworks, the skykind of algae. seemed alight with color.al-gae (al’ jē) noun, plural a-light (əlit’) adjective.algebra A kind of align To bring into line; put in a line. The captain aligned his troops for the parade.mathematics in which letters a-lign (əlin’) verb, aligned, aligningare used along with numbers. alike In the same way; similarly. She and her twin sister often dress alike. AdverbThe letters stand for numbersthat are un- 1. What are the guide words on this page of the dictionary? 2. What is the meaning of the word alder? Alike?

Study TimeRead the meaning of the word alert. You will notice that alert has two meanings. Itmeans – 1) watching carefully 2) quick to act or learn Look at the meaning of the word alight. Alight has several meanings. How is the word alight used in the first group of meaning? In the second group ofmeaning? You will notice that a word has several meanings depending on how they are used inthe sentence. Study the meaning of these words as used in sentences.A. Play means to engage in sports or recreation - John played basketball. to act or perform - Fe played the role of heroine. a dramatic composition - Our play will be shown in summer

B. Here are the meanings given for the word way in a dictionary. Study them. 1. manner; style Mary is wearing her hair in a new way. 2. mean; method Men of science are trying to find ways to prevent diseases. 3. respect; particular The plan is laid in several ways. 4. direction Pass this way in going to the library. 5. coming or going The beggar made his way from door to door. 6. distance The earth is a long way from the sun. 7. path; road The hunter found a way through the forest. 8. space for passing or going ahead Automobiles must make way for a fire truck. 9. habit; custom Don't mind Jose's teasing. It's his way to get attention. 10. one's wish A poor leader wants his own way all the time.

C. Another example: Study the meaning of these words. dual - n. 1. the dual number of a language 2. a linguistic form in the dual dual - adj. 1. Denoting reference to two 2. consisting of two parts The word dual has two meanings. The first word, dual - n means that dual is used asnoun. It has two meanings. The second word, dual - adj., means that dual is used as an adjective. It has twomeanings. You see a word may have several meanings. It may even be used in several ways. Itcan be used as a noun (n), verb (v), adjective (adj.), and adverb (adv.). The dictionaryteaches us how the words are used. Take another example: The word foot has several meanings. Which of these meanings is appropriate for theword foot as used in the paragraph below. Foot means - a. a part of the body b. a unit of measure c. the base of a mountain d. to pay for the expenses My grandfather broke his left foot while watering his 1 mango seedlings which are already a foot high. It will be 2 very expensive to bring him to the nearest hospital as they live at the foot of the mountain. Uncle Resty is going to 3 foot the bill for transportation and hospitalization. 4

Practice TimeYou have gone far! Relax for a while and read this selection. The Lion and The Mouse Once, a little mouse went running up and down the body of a sleeping lion. Soon the sleeping lion woke up. He put his huge paw on the mouse's body, opened his huge jaws to swallow the mouse. \"Pardon, O king,\" cried the little mouse. “Forgive me this time.” Who knows I may be able to do you a good turn someday,\" cried the little mouse. The lion was so tickled at the idea of the mouse being able to help him that he lifted his paws and let the mouse go. Sometime after, the lion was caught in a tree. The hunters who wanted to present him to the King alive tied him to the tree. Off the hunters went to look for a wagon to carry the lion. Just then the little mouse happened to pass by. He saw the sad plight in which the lion was. He went up to him and gnawed the ropes that bound the “King of the Beast”. \"Was I not right,\" said the little mouse. Ref. The New Book of Knowledge Did you understand the story? You may want to read the selection again. If you wish you can read it aloud.

A. Answer the following questions. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. Where did this story happen? 2. Why do you think the lion set the mouse free? 3. How did the mouse help the lion? 4. What lesson did you learn from this story?Keep in Mind The dictionary gives us several meanings to a word. When a word isused in a sentence, we must select the appropriate meaning from severalmeanings given.B. You have studied that a word may have several meanings. Select the meanings which are appropriate for the sentences. 1. The lion placed his huge paw upon the Mouse. Huge meanswide large hugevery biglarge2. He was so tickled at the idea of the mouse.

Tickle means to excite to touch to have a tingling tickle sensationlaughter3. The Mouse asked pardon from the “King of Beast”. Pardon means forgiveness pardonExcuse4. The mouse saw the sad plight of the lion.

Plight means to put or give pledge in plightan engageunfortunatedifficultsituationC. Select the appropriate meaning for the word master as used in the following sentences. 1. Freddie Aguilar is a well-known composer. He is a master. 2. Mrs. Salonga wants to master cooking Chinese dishes. 3. Mr. Moreno is a master cutter. Many of his customers go to his shop to learn how to cut and make men's clothes. 4. The dog heard some footsteps. Then he began barking happily. He knew his master had come home. 5. The master arrived. Master means - a. the owner b. a great artist c. a person who has control over others d. to become an expert in doing something e. a person skillful or experienced to train othersD. Select the best meaning of the underlined word. Write them in your notebook. 1. There is a small ring on the leaf of the banaba plant.

a. a hole b. something that is worn on the finger c. a piece of jewelry2. The president had a dialog with the farmer. a. a meeting b. conversation c. conference3. The people rejected to be transferred to another place. a. replaced b. refused c. returned4. The children were sitting in the green meadows watching the birds flying. a. open field b. a playground c. a grassy place5. The rose plants are in bloom during the month of May. a. full of flowers b. healthy looking c. attractive and colorful

Test YourselfA. Each underlined word below has three meanings. Pick out the meaning of the word appropriate for each sentence. Choose a letter for each number. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. Rolly was awarded a medal for dashing the 400 meters in five seconds. 2. Mario was dashing the stone against the wall. 3. Mother keeps dashing the cabbage with black pepper. dashing means - a. breaking b. racing c. sprinkling 4. The baby could distinguish the sounds made by the dog. 5. The pupils were asked to distinguish solid objects from liquid ones. 6. They welcomed the distinguished visitor. distinguish means - a. see or show the difference b. see or hear clearly c. famous or well-known 7. Mila was invited to a shower given by Nora's friends. 8. All showered hail for the president. 9. The gardener showered the plants with a solution of water and fertilizer. 10. Last night we had the first shower of the season. shower means - a. a party given by friends b. a short fall of rain c. to call a greeting d. to sprinkle or wet

B. Read the sentences below. Copy the correct meaning of the underlined word from the choices below. 1. The fisherman's family lived in a shack. a. a small hut b. to chase 2. They ignored Nena's petty comments. a. short b. having little importance 3. The president gave the keynote of the program. a. the main speech b. a scale in the musical program 4. The farmers were praying for a good harvest. a. plenty of harvest b. gather or reap 5. Tony decided to condense his speech. He included only the most important points. a. shorten b. change C. Using a dictionary, find the meaning of each italicized word that fits the context. 1. Many substances expand when heated and contract when cooled. 2. The ship ran free in the ocean. 3. The landscaper came to grade the yard. 4. Self-discipline requires that we hold fast to the rules. 5. The ocean's current ran swiftly. 6. It is a good plan but it is difficult to execute. 7. Edna just received her driver's license.

8. The doctor's associate is a young woman who has just finished her medical training. 9. I was conscious of a noise from behind the locked door. 10. Our group report was very brief. 11. The landslide killed several people. 12. We need competent leaders in our country. 13. The killers languish in jail now. 14. What will you do if you meet a coyote in the forest? 15. It's too cold, I need a muffler.Congratulations!You have completed working in this module.

GRADE IV USING POSSESIVE FORMS OF SINGULAR AND PLURAL NOUNS GETTING STARTED You have learned that nouns are names of persons, places, and things. You have also learned that nouns can be singular or plural. Singular and plural nouns canbe formed plural to show possession. Once you know how the possessive form of nouns are doneit will be easy for you to use them. In this module, you will learn to : - form and use possessive forms of singular and plural nouns Enjoy the varied activities in store for you. Good luck! Let’s Acquire: Use possessive form of singular & plural noun REVIEW TIMECopy the chart below. Pick out all the nouns from the sentences. Write the singular nouns underand write the nouns found in the following sentences. Write them in your notebook. Their properheading. Do the same with the plural nouns. 1. Lorna and Rosa are friends and classmates. 2. Aunt Vicky gave my brother a ball on his birthday. 3. The streets are lined with bougainvillea plants. 4. Mang Rene built a nipa house in farm. 5. I saw an elephant and a zebra at the zoo.

6. Sunday is the first day of the week.7. That yellow dress is beautiful.8. Luneta Park is in the city of Manila.9. Our country has many rivers, mountains, and volcanoes.10. When shall we go to the beach? Singular Nouns Plural NounsWere you able to write the following in your notebook? Singular Nouns Plural Nouns friendsLorna beach classmates streetsRosa zebra plants riversAunt Vicky elephant mountains volcanoesMang Rene zooLuneta Park dayManila dressbrother countryballbougainvilleahousefarmcityBut how do you write these nouns to show ownership like: friends of Lorna plants of Mang Rene dress of Aunt Vicky

STUDY TIME Do you know me? I am a punctuation mark (‘) called apostrophe Study these sentences. See how I am used. Read aloud the sentences. Don’t forget the s of the end of some words. Column A Column B1. The Science book belongs to my 1. I borrowed my teacher’s Science teacher. book.2. Nida has a workbook. 2. Nida’s workbook is on Science.3. The children wear their 3. The children’s raincoats wereraincoats. placed on the cabinet.These are the words where you see an apostrophe .  teacher’s Science book  Nida’s workbook  children’s raincoat\ Keep in MindAn apostrophe (‘) and s is added to a noun.A noun that shows ownership is called a possessive noun.A possessive form of both singular and plural noun is formed by adding ‘s. Example: teacher’s Science book (singular) children’s raincoats (plural)A possessive form of both singular and plural noun ending in s or z isformed by adding only an apostrophe (‘). Example: Mrs. Reyes’ Science book (singular) boys’ and girls’ raincoats (plural)

Here are other examples. See how the apostrophe is used. Singular Noun Plural NounThe boy’s cap the women’s bagsthe girl’s uniform the men’s workMr. Santos’ house the ladies’ roomthe fox’ tail the nurses’ counterCarlos’ shirt the children’s booksMrs. Sanchez’ table the pupils’ projectWhat did we add to each noun to show possession? PRACTICE TIMERewrite the group of words below. Add an apostrophe (‘) and s to the nouns to show ownership. 1. office of the mayor 2. tail of the dog 3. the books of the boys 4. the uniform of the doctor 5. the babies food TEST YOURSELFWrite a sentence for each set of words. Use nouns that show ownership. Example: the bag of Ana Ana’s bag is new.

1. the dress of the women 2. the umbrella of Rita 3. the hat of Carlos 4. the book of the boys 5. the toys of the babies 6. the tail of the rats 7. the house of Miss Rivas 8. the room of the teachers 9. the pen of Noel 10. the policemen uniformRead the story. Study the underlined words. Write in your notebook the right possessive nouns. One contest during the town fiesta is the racing of childrens (1) group to the river. They have to find a treasure to win the contest. Off the children raced towards the rivers edge, trying to find the (2) treasure first. Upon the arrival of Kevins group, they search the rocks (3) (4) surfaces. “This stones top has golden flakes,” shouted one of (5) Kevins member. Yes, we won, we have found a stone gold!”Write a short paragraph about your favorite sport or game. Use possessive nouns.

GRADE IV NOTING DETAILS: ANSWERING WHY-QUESTIONS GETTING READY This material will help you recognize, remember, and recall important keyinformation. By studying this module, you will be able to answer questions that begin with“Why.” May you enjoy working on this module! Happy studying! Review TimeA. Read each sentence. What words are important? “Write them in your notebooks.”Example: Rudy bought a bike yesterday. Who? What? When? Rudy bought bike yesterday1. Mr. Ron Bello was elected Mayor of La Paz last May. Who? What? When? ______________ _______________ _______________2. Yesterday, there was a big fire in Barrio Lilim. Who? What? When? ______________ _______________ _______________3. Fe bought some milk at the store last Saturday. Who? What? When? ______________ _______________ _______________4. The family spent vacation in Baguio last year. Who? What? When? ______________ _______________ _______________5. The children enjoyed playing at the park yesterday. Who? What? When? ______________ _______________ _______________