English IV

B. Read the paragraph and answer the questions that follow. Write the letter of the correct answer. It was summer vacation. Val packed clothes in a bag. He went to visit his grandfather in the farm. Uncle Ramon took him there. They took a long bus trip. 1. Who packed his clothes? A. Val B. Uncle Ramon C. Grandfather 2. Where did Val put his clothes? A. in a basket B. in a suitcase C. in a bag 3. What did Val do? A. Stayed with Uncle Ramon B. Visited Grandfather C. Worked in the farm The Pied Piper of Hamelin There was a pleasant town in Germany called Hamelin. The people lived contentedly. The children walked happily on the streets and laughed merrily in their games. One day, an army of rats entered Hamelin and greedily ate all the food. The people complained angrily to the mayor. As he listened fearfully to the story, a funny-looking man wearing a red and yellow suit entered silently. He had a long pipe which he carefully held at her side. \"Pay me a thousand dollars and I will quickly rid your town of rats,” the piper said cheerfully. The mayor agreed. The piper walked down the street, blowing his pipe joyously as he turned toward the river. The people watched excitedly as hundred of rats followed him hurriedly. The rats tumbled down into the river and quickly drowned. No rat was left. The people thanked the piper wholeheartedly. Answer these questions. 1. 1. Where did this story happen? 2. What was the problem of the town?

3. Who helped them solve the problem? 4. What did he do? 5. What happened to the rats? STUDY TIMERead each paragraph. Study the question and answer after each passage. Maria was very happy. She got many gifts. Her friends brought her gifts because it was her birthday. Question: Why did Maria's friends bring her gifts? Answer: Because it was her birthday. \"I wish we live somewhere else. I can't sleep well at home,\" said Annie. \"Why do you say that?\" asked Nida. “Because airplanes fly over the house and make a lot of noise.\" Annie answered. Question: Why can't Annie sleep well at home? Answer: Because airplanes fly over the house and make a lot of noise. Noli left the chisel in the yard. The next morning, the chisel was rusty. It became rusty because it got wet in the rain. Question: Why did the chisel become rusty? Answer: Because it got wet.Read the sentences. The underlined words answer the question Why.Q: Why did I miss the bus?1. I missed the bus because I woke up late.Q: Why did I Riza jumped to his feet?2. Risa jumped to her feet because she was frightened.Q: Why does Dan have strong teeth?3. Dan has strong teeth because he brushes his teeth after every meal.Q: Why do bees go to the flowers?4. Bees go to the flowers because they suck the nectar.Q: Why does wax melt?5. Wax melts because of the heat.

What do you notice about the questions? All the questions begin with Why. With what word does the answer to the question why begin? The answer usually begins with Because. Let's continue the lesson. A. Strong winds broke some branches of the trees. A branch fell on the chicken house. The chickens were frightened. Question: Why did some branches on the tree break? Answer: Because strong winds broke them. Question: Why were the chickens frightened? Answer: Because a branch fell on the chicken house. B. Fungi are plants that cannot make their own food. They depend on other plants or animals for food. They can grow in dark places because they do not need sunlight. Question: Why do fungi depend on other plants and animals for food? Answer: Because they cannot make their own food. Question: Why can fungi grow in dark places? Answer: Because they do not need sunlight.Here is a story. Each paragraph is marked with a number. After the story are somequestions. Read the story. The first three questions were answered for you. For thesucceeding questions look for the paragraphs that give the answers to the questions. THE TURTLE THAT COULD NOT STOP TALKING1. A turtle lived in a pond at the foot of a hill. One day, two wild geese came to the pond, looking for food. They saw the turtle and stopped to talk with him.2. The three became good friends. Because of this, the two gees came to see the turtle often.3. One day, one of the geese said, \"Friend Turtle, because you have been so good to us, we would like to show you our home. Can you come for a visit?\"4. \"I wish I could, but I cannot fly,\" said the turtle. \"I have no wings.\"5. \"Oh, we can take you if you will do as we say,\" answered the geese.6. \"Thank you, I will do as you say,\" said the turtle. \"Please take me with you.\"7. \"Here is a stick,\" said one of the geese. \"Take the middle of it in your mouth. Don't say a word until we reach home.

We will each take hold of one end of the stick.\"8. \"I will not say one word,\" said the turtle9. The geese flew up into the air. The turtle held fast to the stick between them.10. As they were flying, a little boy said to them. \"See those geese flying with a turtle?\" he cried. \"Who ever saw a turtle flying?\"11. \"Ha! Ha!\" shouted a big boy. \"Did you ever see anything funny in your life? Who ever heard of a turtle flying?\"12. This made the turtle very angry. He forgot what the geese told him. \"Why shouldn't I fly?\" he called out, and down he dropped. Adapted Hindu TaleQuestion: Why did the geese visit the turtle often?Answer: Because they became good friends.Question: Why did the geese invite the turtle to their home?Answer: Because the turtle has been good to them.Question: Why did the turtle say he could not come?Answer: Because he could not fly.Question: How could the geese take the turtle to their home?Answer: (Read paragraph 7 again.)Question: How did the turtle fly?Answer: (Read paragraph 9 for the answer.)Question: Why did the boy think he saw a funny thing?Answer: (Read paragraph 11 to check the answer.)Question: Why did the turtle drop?Answer: (Read paragraph 12 to find the answer.)Keep in MindQuestions beginning with Why are answered by reasons. Theanswer usually begins with the word Because.

PRACTICE TIMEA. Let's work on these exercises. Read the paragraphs. Write the number of the sentence that answers the question. Mario was sad because he lost 1. his watch. Father gave him a watch on his birthday. Why was Mario sad? ______ 1. because it was his birthday ______ 2. because Father was lost ______ 3. because he lost his watch Lisa was happy because she 2. received a letter. It came from her cousin in Laguna. Why was Lisa happy? ______ 1. because she was going to Laguna ______ 2. because she received a letter from her cousin ______ 3. because she received a gift from her cousin 3. The farmer worked so hard. He was happy because the harvest was good. Why was the farmer happy? ______ 1. because the harvest was good ______ 2. because he is a good farmer ______ 3. because he worked so hard4. The spider is an interesting insect. It catches its food by using its web. The food sticks to its web. Why is the spider an interesting insect? ______ 1. because it uses its mouth to get food ______ 2. because it uses its web to catch food ______ 3. because it has six legs

B. Read the stories and answer the questions about them. The Dog and His Shadow One day, a dog carried a big piece of meat in his mouth. He walked and walked until he reached a river. While crossing, he looked into the water and saw a dog with a piece of meat. He wanted to get the other dog's meat. So he barked at the dog in the water. Then his piece of meat fell and he lost it. 1. Why did the dog bark at the other dog in the water? A. He wanted to greet him. B. He wanted to get the other dog's piece of meat. C. He was afraid of the other dog. 2. Why did the piece of meat fall? A. Because the dog walked B. Because the dog barked C. Because the dog crossed the river The Crow and the Pitcher One day a crow got so thirsty. He looked for some water to drink. He came upon a pitcher with a little water in it. He tried to put his beak to get some water. He could not reach the water with his beak. He kept putting his beak into the pitcher, but he could not get a drop of water. The crow looked around for some pebbles. He found some pebbles near a tree. He took a pebble and dropped it into the pitcher. The water in the pitcher began to rise. He added more pebbles. The water kept rising. Soon the water came up to the mouth of the pitcher. The crow was able to drink as much as he wanted. 1. Why did the crow look for water? A. Because he was hungry B. Because he was thirsty C. Because there was no pebbles 2. Why did the crow put some pebbles into the pitcher?

A. Because he wanted to drink B. Because he wanted his beak to reach the water C. Because the pitcher is too small Carlos and Ramon were gathering firewood in the woods. They heard the sound of a bird. It did not sound happy. Ramon tried to look for the bird. \"Look, Carlos, I found the bird but its wing is wounded. It cannot fly.\" \"Let's take it home. We can take care of it,\" said Carlos The boys took the bird home. They fed it and Mother took care of its wings. Soon the bird was able to fly.1. Why were the boys in the woods? A. They were gathering firewood. B. They were looking for birds. C. They wanted to play.2. Why could the bird not fly? A. It had no wings. B. Its wing was wounded. C. It fell on the firewood.3. Why did the boys take the bird home? A. to take care of it B. to give it to Mother C. to sell it The Ant and the Grasshopper One summer day, the grasshopper saw the ant carrying some rice grains. The grasshopper laughed at the ant for working so hard but the ant kept on working. He worked all summer. The grasshopper hopped and played all summer, too. Soon the rainy days came. After a few days the ant heard a knock on the door. It was the grasshopper. The grasshopper said, \"Friend Ant, please give me some food. I am so hungry.\" The ant said, \"See , you have no food because you did not work. All you did was play last summer.\" But the ant took pity on the grasshopper and gave him some food.1. Why did the grasshopper laugh at the ant? A. because the ant was working during summer

B. because the ant could not dance C. because the ant has some food 2. Why was the grasshopper hungry during the rainy days? A. because he did not know where to buy some food B. because he lived far from the ant C. because he did not work 3. Why did the ant have food during the rainy days? A. because he worked during summer. B. because he danced during summer. C. because the grasshopper gave him some food.C. Read each story and the questions below it. Write the number of the paragraph that gives the answer to the question. Write the answer on your paper. A. THE FIRST GAME OF SIPA 1. \"That basket is mine,\" said Dinulong. 2. \"It's not yours. It is mine.\" said Inusio. \"I weave that design in all of my baskets.\" 3. The two boys were quarelling over the basket. Each thought the basket was his. 4. When Dinulong saw that Inusio was becoming angry, he said, \" It is my basket but you may keep it.” So he kicked it to Inusio. 5. Inusio was so ashamed that he had quarreled with his neighbor over a little basket. So he kicked it back to Dinulong. 6. Each one wanted the other to keep the basket. They kicked the basket back and forth. Soon the people gathered around to see the boys kicking the basket. They thought it must be fun to kick their baskets back and forth. Before long, many people were kicking rattan baskets. 7. That was the beginning of the sipa game. 1. Why did the boys quarrel? 2. Why did Inusio feel so ashamed? 3. Why did the people gather around the boys? 4. Why did the people kick rattan baskets too?

B. WHAT A SPIDER AND A FLY DID 1. There was once a young prince who like to driven all the spiders and flies out of the world. 2. One day, after a great battle, the prince had to hide from his enemies. He ran to a forest. Because he was very tired, he lay down under a tree and fell asleep. 3. An enemy soldier came into the forest. He saw the prince lying asleep and crept toward him to kill him. 4. Just then a big fly crawled over the face of the prince and woke him up. He jumped to his feet and his enemy ran away. 5. That night the prince hid in a cave in the forest. In the night, a spider made a web across the mouth of the cave.. 6. The next morning the enemies of the prince hunted for him to kill him. Two soldiers came near the cave where he was. The prince was awake and heard what they said. 7. \"Let us look in this cave,\" said one. \"He may be hiding in there.\" 8. \"No,\" said the other. \"It is easy to see that he did not go in there. If he had gone in, he would have broken the spider's web.\" 9. They went on without even looking in. 10. As soon as they went away, the prince thought, \"How fortunate I am to be alive! One day my life was saved by a fly and another day a spider did. I won't ever want to harm a fly or a spider. They have helped to save me from my enemies.\" 1. Why did the prince run to the forest? 2. Why did the prince lay down under a tree? 3. Why did the enemies of the prince hunt for him? 4. Why did one soldier want to enter the cave? 5. Why did the other soldier think that the prince was not inside the cave? 6. Why did he promise not to harm the fly and spider?

Were you able to answer all the exercises?Now you know how a why question is answered.Continue working. There are still exercises to be answered. TEST YOURSELFA. Nilda gave a report about the Philippine flag in class. Holding a small flag, she said. \"This is our flag. It symbolizes our country. It is shown in all public places like schools and government offices. It is raised in the morning and lowered at sundown. In time of peace, the blue field is on top, when set on a pole. When a country is at war, the red field is on top. We would stand at attention when the flag is being raised. We should respect the flag because it stands for our country.” 1. Why is the Philippine flag shown in all public places? A. because it is needed B. because it is the symbol of our country C. because it has three colors 2. Why should we respect the flag? A. because it is set on a flag pole B. because it is flown in public places C. because it stands for our countryB. Read the short story and answer the questions after it. Write the letter of the correct answer. David was a young boy with many brothers. His brothers were soldiers in the Israel army. One day, David visited his brothers in their camp. They could not go home because there was a war. David cheered up his brothers by telling them how God helps. But David's brothers were afraid because their enemy was a giant. Goliath, the giant, scared them by challenging them to a fight. He wanted a soldier to come out and fight him. David went to fight Goliath because he trusted God to help him. He killed the giant by hitting him with a stone from his slingshot. Then he cut off Goliath's head by using the giant's sword. The Israelites won the war because David killed the giant. They celebrated their victory by praising David for killing Goliath. David thanked God because God helped him kill the giant.

1. Why could the brothers not go home? A. because they were tired B. because they lost the war C. because there was a war 2. Why were David's brothers afraid? A. because their enemy was a giant B. because they lost the war C. because they did not want to fight 3. Why was David brave enough to fight the giant? A. because he was smaller B. because he trusted God to help him C. because he hated the giant 4. Why did the Israelites win the war? A. because David killed the giant B. because they fought the giant C. because the giant ran away 5. Why did David thank God? A. because God helped him kill the giant B. because he found his brothers C. because Goliath ran awayC. The Good Samaritan One day, a Jew took a trip to Jericho. On his way, he met some robbers. The men beat him up and took all of his money and goods. Then they left him on the roadside to die. Soon a Levite passed along. The man cried for help. The Levite walked as fast as he could. He did not help the man. He was afraid that the robbers would return. Another Levite came along. He looked at the man and then hurried away. He left without helping the man. After a while, a good Samaritan came by. He saw the bleeding man. Then he took the man to a place where someone could take care of him. 1. Why did the robber beat the Jew? A. because they wanted to get his money B. because he was an enemy C. because he did not want to give his possessions

2. Why did the Levite not help the man? A. He was in a hurry B. He was afraid that the robbers would return C. He was afraid of the man 3. Why did the man get hurt? A. He fell from his horse B. He was beaten by robbers C. He lay on the roadsideD. Read each story. Write the number of the paragraph that gives the answer to the question. THE CARABAO AND THE GOAT1. Once upon a time, a carabao and a goat lived together by the side of a river.2. One day, the goat said to the carabao. \"There is a field of corn on the side of the river. Please take me on your back, Mr. Carabao, and I will show you where it is. You may eat all the corn you want. I will find some grass to eat.\"3. This pleased the carabao. As the goat could not swim, he rode on the carabao's back. The carabao waded through the river.4. On the other side of the river, the carabao found the corn. The goat found some grass, too.5. The goat ate much faster than the carabao and soon had all the breakfast he wanted.6. \"Mr. Carabao, please take me back. I have had all the grasses I want,\" said the goat, but the carabao did not want to leave because he still wanted to eat.7. The carabao went on eating. The goat thought of how he could make the carabao go home. He made a loud noise that all the men from the barrio ran out to see what was going on.8. When they saw the carabao eating the corn, they beat the poor animal with sticks. In this way, they drove him out of the field.9. \"Mr. Carabao, aren't you ready to go home now?\" asked the goat.10. \"Yes,\" said the carabao. \"Come on, jump on my back.\"11. So the goat jumped on his back and waded through the river. As the carabao was wading, he asked the goat, \"Why did you make so much noise?\"12. \"Oh, I don't know. I just like to sing a little after breakfast,\" answered the goat.13. The carabao waded along. When he was in the deep part of the river, he said,

\"My Goat, I feel like rolling a little in the river.\"14. \"Oh, no, no,\" said the goat. \"Please don't do that. Why do you want to roll in the river?\"15. \"Oh, I don't know,\" said the carabao. \"I just like to roll a little after breakfast.\"16. With that he rolled over, and the goat fell into the water. Adapted Hindu - Tale 1. Why did the goat want to go to the other side of the river? 2. Why did the goat ride on the carabao's back? 3. Why did the goat want to go home? 4. Why did the carabao not want to go home? 5. Why did the goat make a loud noise? 6. Why did the men run to the field? 7. Why did the men drive the carabao? 8. Why did the goat fall into the water? THE STORY OF PRINCE SCARLET1. Once upon a time, there lived a kind, old king who had a young son. The young prince always wore scarlet clothes, so the people in the kingdom called him Prince Scarlet. Prince Scarlet was so cruel and selfish.2. Since the king was getting old, he was worried about the prince. The people did not love the prince as much as they loved their king.3. One day the king thought, \"I have to find someone who can make Prince Scarlet kind and good\". He remembered his friends, the fairies. He asked their help to make Prince Scarlet good.4. \"Don't worry King, you will get what you wish,\" replied the fairies. \"Let us take him with us out of the palace.\"5. \"Yes, you may, and thank you for your help,\" said the king.6. As soon as the fairies left the palace with Prince Scarlet, they turned him into a crow.7. The crow flew all over the kingdom. One day, a naughty boy tried to shoot him with a slingshot. The prince remembered that when he was a boy he did the same thing, too. He said, \"I'm sorry for frightening and hurting the birds before.\"8. Suddenly a feather in his wings grew bright red. Another time, he saw a poor beggar girl on the street corner. He thought, \"I wish I could give her something to eat.\" And then another red feather appeared.

9. Each time the prince would see people hurting or in need, he felt sorry for them. Because of his feelings of kindness, Prince Scarlet's black feathers soon turned red.10. One day he looked at himself and not a single black feather was on him. The fairies came and told him he had to return to the palace because the king was getting old. The people needed a new king.11. Prince Scarlet said, \"I wish they would have a kind and just king.\" When he said this, he found himself in the palace.12. The people were very happy. They found Prince Scarlet to be a kind and just man. They welcomed him joyfully. They were glad to have him as their new king. 1. Why was the prince called Prince Scarlet? 2. Why was the king worried? 3. Why did the king ask the help of the fairies? 4. Why did the fairies turn the prince into a crow? 5. Why did the prince black feathers turn red? 6. Why did Prince Scarlet have to return to the palace? 7. Why were people happy when Prince Scarlet returned?How did you find the activities?Did you enjoy reading the stories?

GRADE IV NOTING DETAILS: ANSWERING HOW - QUESTIONSGETTING READY How are you? Here I am again to help and guide you in your studies. I know you have been reading stories. After reading a story, do you ask yourself questions on what you have read? You may ask yourself – who the characters are; what they did or why they did it? This module has several short stories for you to read. There are also sets of questions you will answer after each story. Have fun doing each activity. Happy reading!

Review TimeA. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow. Jose Rizal Jose Rizal is our national hero. He was born in Calamba, Laguna on June 19, 1861. His early years of schooling were spent in Calamba. His mother, Doňa Teodora, was his first teacher. He learned the alphabet at the age of three. He could read the Bible in Spanish when he was five years old. He continued his studies at San Juan de Letran and later at the University of Santo Tomas. Jose Rizal loved his country and his people. He bravely gave up his life in Bagumbayan on December 30, 1896 to gain freedom for the Filipino people. Bagumbayan is now named Rizal Park were a monument stands in his honor. 1. Who is Jose Rizal? 2. When was Jose Rizal born? 3. Where was he born? 4. Who was his first teacher? 5. At what age did he learn the alphabet? 6. Where did Jose Rizal study? 7. When did he die? 8. Where did Jose Rizal die? 9. Why did he give his life to his country? 10. What is the present name of Bagumbayan?

B. Read the short passages. Answer the questions that follow. Write the letter of the correct answer. 1. Minda felt very tired because she worked all day. She cleaned the house and washed clothes. Why did Minda feel very tired? a. She studied her lessons. b. She worked all day. c. She played all day. 2. Ben is a boy scout. He helps others in need. He helps children cross the street by stopping the cars. How does Ben help children cross the street? a. By stopping the cars b. By stopping the trains c. By taking them across the street 3. Trees help prevent floods. Sometimes places get flooded because trees are cut down. Why do some places get flooded? a. There are many trees. b. Trees bring floods. c. Trees are cut down.

4. Mother got angry because the vase was broken. The vase dropped while Nina was dusting it Why did Mother get angry? a. Nina dusted the vase. b. The vase just broke. c. Nina dropped the vase. 5. The family had a party because Lina came home from Canada. They invited many friends to their home. Why did the family have a party? a. They had many friends. b. Friends came to their home. c. Lina came home from Canada.C. Read each selection. Write the letter of the correct answer to the questions that follow. Ben was excited because his dog, Brownie, had new puppies. Ben wanted to play with the puppies, but Brownie didn't want Ben to touch the puppies. Brownie kept the puppies away by putting them in a far corner. Ben couldn't reach them there. 1. Why was Ben excited? a. He wanted to play with the puppies. b. Brownie didn't want him to touch the puppies. c. Brownie had new puppies. 2. Why couldn’t Ben touch the puppies? a. The puppies were put in a far corner. b. The puppies were very small. c. Brownie might bite him.

\"Hurry up! Please call the firemen,\" shouted Nida's neighbor. \"Our kitchen is on fire!\" Nida immediately called the fire department. In a few minutes, they heard sirens and then the firemen were there. The fire was put out on time. Nida's neighbor explained that the fire started while she was cooking. The fire got into the pan where she was frying fish. She got scared when she saw the flame getting bigger. The firemen said, \"You should have covered the pan with a wet rag.\"3. Why did Nida's neighbor want her to call the firemen? a. Their kitchen was on fire. b. She was frying fish. c. Nida's neighbor was scared of the flame.4. Why did the firemen come? a. Nida had called the fire department. b. Nida's neighbor was frying fish. c. Nida's neighbor was scared of the flame.5. Why did Nida get scared? a. Fire got into the frying pan. b. The wet rag was burning. c. The fire was getting bigger.

The farmer went to the barn. Someone had been there before him. He saw that some of his palay was taken. This made the farmer very angry. He knew some palay was taken because one sack was left at the door. He had put all the sacks of palay together in one corner of the barn. Suddenly, he heard his son calling, \"Father, here's some money from Mr. Tan.\" \"Why did Mr. Tan give some money?\" asked the farmer. \"It's his payment for the palay he bought from you last week\", Replied his son. \"Oh, now I remember. That explains the sack at the door. I shouldn't have gotten angry. It was I who left it there when Mr. Tan came for the palay. I thought someone came to steal some palay\", said the farmer laughing.6. Why did the farmer get angry? a. He thought someone had been to the barn. b. He thought some of the palay was taken. c. He thought the palay was sold.7. How did he know someone took the palay? a. One sack was left at the door. b. All of the sacks were in one corner. c. His son told him about it.8. Why did Mr. Tan give the farmer's son some money? a. It was for his son. b. It was a gift to the farmer. c. It was payment for the palay he bought.

9. Why did the farmer laugh? a. He found out that nobody stole his palay. b. He got some money from Mr. Tan. c. His son gave him the money. Did you enjoy doing the activities? Do you want to learn more? Study TimeStudy the picture. Read the paragraph that follows. Julie wasn't feeling well. She went to a doctor. The doctor said she had a bad cold. The doctor gave her medicines. Julie helped herself by taking the medicines.

Question: How did Julie help herself?Answer : Julie helped herself by taking medicines. Fish live in water. They swim with their fins and tail. They breatheby using their gills.Question: How do fish breathe?Answer : By using their gills.Read each story. Study the questions and answers that follow.A. Crabs have ten legs. The front legs are pincers. Crabs use their pincers to protect themselves. When they are frightened, they run sideways. Crabs like to live near the seashore where they can get food.Question : How do crabs protect themselves?Answer: They use their pincers.Question: How do they move when they are frightened?Answer: They run sideways.

B. Edgar studied hard. He always did his homework. He recited in class. He participated in other activities. His teacher believed that Edgar, indeed studied hard.Question : How did Edgar show that he studied hard?Answer: He always did his homework. He recited in class. He participated in other activities.C. Ben and his classmates were on their way back to school from a field trip. Just a few meters away from the school, something went wrong. One tire was flat. The children got off the bus and walked back to school.Question : How did the children go back to school?Answer: They got off the bus and walked to school.D. Read the sentences below. The underlined phrases answer the question How. 1. Many people in the barrio go to town by bus. 2. You will learn a new word by looking it up in the dictionary. 3. Meat may be made tender by cooking it in low fire. 4. Harry kept his hands warm by rubbing them together. 5. Lea won the prize by doing her best.

Keep in Mind How questions are answered by using expressions that tell a manner of doing certain things. Examples: How did the children go to school? They walked. They didn't take a jeep. Questions beginning with How are often answered by expressions beginning with By. In other common cases, how questions are answered by single words and adverbs like gracefully, etc. How do you dance? Gracefully. or The children went back to school happily. Happily or Gracefully answers the question how.

Practice TimeA. Read the stories and answer the questions about them. 1. The spider is an interesting insect. It catches its food by using its web. The food sticks to its web. How does a spider catch its food? 1. By using its mouth 2. By using its web 3. By sticking to the wall 2. Julie was writing her report. She did not know the spelling of some words. She learned them by looking up the words in the dictionary. How did Julie learn the spelling of some words? ______ 1. By looking them up in the dictionary ______ 2. By writing her report ______ 3. By studying with a friend

3. Lita is a girl scout. She is quick to help others in need. She helps children cross the street by stopping the cars. How does Lita help children cross the street? 1. By stopping the cars 2. By stopping the train 3. By bringing them across the streetB. Read the stories and answer the questions about them. The Dog and His Shadow One day, a dog carried a big piece of meat in his mouth. He walked and walked until he reached a river. While crossing, he looked into the water and saw a dog with a piece of meat. He wanted to get the other dog's meat. So he barked at the dog in the water. Then his piece of meat fell and he lost it. 1. How did the dog reach the river? a. He walked. b. He barked. c. He ran.

The Crow and the Pitcher One day a crow got so thirsty. Helooked for some water to drink. He cameupon a pitcher with a little water in it. Hetried to put his beak to get some water.He could not reach the water with hisbeak. He kept putting his beak into thepitcher, but he could not get a drop ofwater. The crow looked around for somepebbles. He found them near a tree. Hetook a pebble and dropped it into thepitcher. The water in the pitcher began torise. He added more pebbles. The waterkept rising. Soon the water came up tothe mouth of the pitcher. The crow was able to drink as muchas he wanted. 2. How did the crow get a drink? a. He put in some pebbles into the pitcher. b. He poured the water from the pitcher. c. He looked around for pebbles

Carlos and Ramon were gathering firewood in the woods. They heard the sound of a bird. It did not sound happy. Ramon tried to look for the bird. \"Look, Carlos, I found the bird but it's wing is wounded. It cannot fly.\" \"Let's take it home. We can take care of it.\" said Carlos The boys took the bird home. They fed it and Mother took care of its wings. Soon the bird was able to fly.3. How was the bird able to fly again? a. Mother and the boys took care of it. b. The boys taught it to fly. c. Its wings grew.

THE GOOD SAMARITAN One day, a Jew took a trip to Jericho. On his way, he met some robbers. The menbeat him up and took all of his money and goods. Then they left him on the roadside todie. Soon a Levite passed along. The man cried for help. The Levite walked as fast as hecould. He did not help the man. He was afraid that the robbers would return. Another Levite came along. He looked at the man and then hurried away. He leftwithout helping the man. After a while, a good Samaritan came by. He saw the bleeding man. Then hetook the man to a place where someone could take care of him. 1. How did the Jew lose his money and goods? a. He was robbed. b. He helped someone. c. He left them on the roadside. Did you answer all the questions correctly? Now ready to test yourself.

Test YourselfA. Nilda gave a report about the Philippine flag in class. Holding a small flag, she said. \"This is our flag. It symbolizes our country. It is shown in all public places like schooland government offices. It is raised in the morning and lowered at sundown. In time of peace, the blue field is on top, when set on a pole. When a country is at war,the red field is on top of the blue. We would stand at attention when the flag is being raised. We should respect the flagbecause it stands for our country. 1. How is the flag set on a pole in time of peace? a. The blue field is on top. b. The red field is on top. c. The blue field is below.

2. How is the flag flown? a. The blue field is on top. b. The red field is on top. c. The blue field is below.B. THE STORY OF DAVID David was a young boy with many brothers. His brothers were soldiers in the Israel army. One day, David visited his brothers in their camp. They could not go home because there was a war. David cheered up his brothers by telling them how God helps. But David's brothers were afraid because their enemy was a giant. Goliath, the giant scared them by challenging them to a fight. He wanted a soldier to come out and fight him. David went to fight Goliath because he trusted God to help him. He killed the giant by hitting him with a stone from his slingshot. Then he cut off Goliath's head by using the giant's sword. The Israelites won the war because David killed the giant. They celebrated their victory by praising David for killing Goliath. David thanked God because God helped him kill the giant. 1. How did David cheer up his brother? a. By telling them about their parents b. By telling them about how God helps c. By killing the giant 2. How did the giant scare the soldiers? a. By challenging them to a fight b. By shouting at them c. By trusting in God 3. How did David kill the giant? a. By cutting off his ear b. By shooting him with a gun c. By hitting him with a stone

4. How did David cut off Goliath's head? a. By using a sharp knife b. By using the giant's sword c. By hanging him on a tree5. How did the Israelites celebrate their victory? a. By having a big parade b. By praising David for killing Goliath c. By having a big feast

GRADE IV PERCEIVING CAUSE – EFFECT RELATIONSHIPSGETTING READY In this module, you will learn further the relationship between cause-effect from the selections you will read and study. You will learn that there are many possible causes to one given effect or many possible effects to one given cause. Start reading now. Good luck!

Review TimeA. Read each paragraph and answer the questions that follow. 1. When Mario arrived home, he saw his father and mother dressed up and ready to go to town. His five-year old sister, Nena, was playing, unmindful of her father and mother who were about to go. His youngest brother, however, cried and would not let his parents go. \"I want to go with Mother,\" he said. Why was his brother crying? a. He wanted to play with his sister. b. He wanted to eat supper. c. He didn't want to be left home. 2. Mr. Cruz was reading the newspaper. He turned to the comic page. Suddenly he began to laugh. Why did he laugh? a. He read a funny comic strip. b. He remembered his friends. c. He wanted to eat. 3. Nena was caught by the heavy rain on her way home. She was chilling when she reached home. The following day she could not go to school. Why didn't Nena go to school? a. She got sick. b. She was lazy. c. There was no class.B. The sentences below show cause and effect relationships. Write C if the underlined sentence is a cause and E if effect. Do this in your notebook. 1. Our country has a long dry season. It is located near the equator. 2. Farming is a major industry. Our country is an agricultural country.

3. Farmers use fertilizers and modern machineries. They produce more crops.4. Many foreigners live in our country. They like our climate.5. Many foreigners want to invest money in our country. It is rich in natural resources.6. We should protect our national resources. We get food from them.7. There are laws passed to protect our natural resources. Some people are careless in the use of our national resources.8. The government prohibits the use of dynamite fishing. Fish caught by dynamite fishing is dangerous to our health.

Study Time Read the following selections. Study the sentences which show cause and effect after each selection.A. GREGORIO DEL PILAR Gregorio del Pilar is called the hero of Tirad Pass. He was theyoungest but one of the bravest generals during the Filipino-AmericanWar. General Aguinaldo who was then the President of the Philippineswent into hiding in the mountains of Isabela. He chose Gregorio del Pilarto guard the Tirad Pass, the passage to General Aguinaldo’s hiding place.With his sixty men, he fought the American soldiers. Unluckily, GeneralGregorio del Pilar died in the battle.Cause: Gen. Gregorio del Pilar died in the battle of Tirad Pass.Effect: He was called the hero of Tirad Pass.Cause: He was the bravest and the youngest general.Effect: Gen. Aguinaldo chose Gregorio del Pilar to guard the Tirad Pass.

B. MELCHORA AQUINO Melchora Aquino is popularly known as Tandang Sora. She was afriend and mother to the Katipuneros. She fed the Katipuneros and treated thewounded soldiers because she loved her countrymen. The Spaniards arrested her. She was sent to a far away place so that shewould stop helping the Katipuneros. Though arrested, Tandang Sora had noregrets. She said, “I am happy because I did something for my belovedcountrymen.”Cause: She treated the wounded soldiers. She fed the Katipuneros. She was kind and friendly to the Katipuneros.Effect: Melchora Aquino was a friend and mother of the Katipuneros. Why?Cause: The Spaniards arrested her.Effect: She stopped helping the Katipuneros. The Katipuneros were unhappy.

C. MANUEL L. QUEZONManuel L. Quezon is known as the Father of National Language. Hewas the president who wanted a national language for the country. Hewanted to unite all Filipinos through a common national language. Hechose Tagalog, a dialect in Southern Luzon, as the basis of the nationallanguage.Manuel Quezon was also known as the “Father of Social Justice.” Heworked hard for the farmers. He wanted the farmers to get a bigger sharein the produce of their land. He saw to it that farmers were not abusedby rich landowners.Cause: He wanted to have a national language for the Filipinos. He wanted to unite all the Filipinos through a national language.Effect: Manuel L. Quezon is known as the Father of National Language.Cause: He worked hard for the farmers.Effect: The farmers will get a bigger share in the produce of their land. The farmers will not be abused by rich land owners.

You will notice that in these sentences there are several reasons or causes for one effect and several effects to one cause.D. A CLEVER JACKAL A crocodile lived in the pond. He was always hungry. He wanted to eat a other animals. A crab also lived in the pond. She had a hard shell. The crocodile could not kill or eat her, so they became friends. A jackal lived in the forest. He was always thirsty. \"I can't go near the pond,\" he said. \"The crocodile will eat me.\" So he was always thirsty. \"Friend Crab,\" said the crocodile one day. \"I am hungry.\" \"You're always hungry,\" said the crab. \"You have a huge body and you never get enough food.\"

\"Oh, poor me,\" cried the crocodile. Tears ran down his eyes. \"I'm hungry. Iwant to eat the jackal.\" \"Eat the jackal!\" cried the crab. \"You can't eat him. He's very clever.\" \"Listen to me, Crabbie,\" said the crocodile. And he whispered something tothe crab's ear. \"Will you help me?\" he asked and he cried again. \"Please don't cry Croc,\" said the crab. \"I'll help you.\" The crocodile walked to a tree and lay under it. He closed his eyes and said,\" Now I'm dead.\" The crab sat near him and cried for sometime. Then she tooksome flowers and put them on the crocodile's body. The crab went to the jackal. \"Why are you sad? asked the jackal. \"My dear friend is dead?\" cried the jackal. \"Good, I'm happy to hear that,\" said the jackal. \"You're very cruel!\" said the crab. \"Look here,\" said the jackal. \"He was not my friend. Now I can go to thepond and drink a lot of water. I ate a big fat hen and I am thirsty.\" \"Now you can,\" said the crab. \"My dear friend is dead and the pond is allyours.\" The jackal went near the tree. He looked at the crocodile. \"Funny,\" he said, \"Very funny.\" \"What's so funny?\" asked the crab. \"A dead crocodile moves his tail,\" said the jackal. \"My mother told me that.But this one doesn't.\" \"Ha! Ha! Look at your dead friend.\" cried the jackal. \"He's moving his tail.\" And he ran away.

Study these sentences that show cause and effect.A. Effect : The crocodile could not eat the crab. Why?Possible Causes: a. The crab was his friend. b. The crab has a hard shell.B. Effect : The crocodile could not eat the jackal. Why?Possible Causes: a. The jackal lived in the forest. b. The jackal was clever.C. Cause : The crocodile moved his tail.Possible Effect: a. The jackal ran away. b. The jackal was afraid of the crocodile.Keep in Mind There can be many possible causes to a given effect or many possible effects to a possible cause of an event. Causes state that a certain event will happen. Effects are the results of a given action.

Practice TimeA. Read these sentences. Think of the possible causes or effects of the events mentioned in the sentence. Choose your answer from the choices given and write the letters in your notebook. 1. Some of the rice fields in Tarlac and Pampanga were buried in tons of lahar. What would result from this? a. The rice fields will not be productive anymore. b. The people would buy rice from neighboring towns. c. The farmers would be idle the whole year. d. The people would not eat rice anymore. 2. It is not raining. But it is dark. What might have caused this? a. Dark clouds cover the sky. b. The wind blows lightly. c. It was noon time. d. Factories emitted smoke all over the place. 3. Rivers and streams are swollen. Why? a. Rivers and streams are naturally full of water. b. There is heavy rains. c. The water from the sea goes to the rivers and streams. d. Waterfalls feed water to rivers and streams.

4. Dark clouds float in the sky. What may happen next? a. It will rain. b. The weather will be fine. c. There will be a strong wind. d. Children will be in a hurry to go home. 5. Red tide is still prevalent in the waters around Cavite and Batangas. What may happen? a. People in Metro Manila will be warned not to eat seashells. b. Beaches will be closed to picnickers. c. No fish will be sold in the market. d. The waters around Cavite and Batangas will be red.A. Read these diaries. Write down the sentences that show cause and effect from each diary. The cause and effect for the first diary is done for you as an example. Monday, November 10 Our teacher gave a test in Math. I got the highest score and my name was posted on the bulletin board. Cause: I got the highest grade in Math. Effect: My name was posted on the bulletin board.Wednesday, November 12 A healthy puppy! I was so happy because Grandfather broughthome a healthy brown puppy for me.

Saturday, November 16 I went to the town plaza. The town mayor distributed school bagsfor the children. My name was called and I was so happy to receive a blueknapsack.Sunday, November 17 I woke up early. My parents and I attended the 6:00 A.M. churchservice. After the mass, we visited my sick grandmother.Monday, November 18 My teacher distributed the report cards to our parents. Mother wasso happy to see my card. I don’t have a grade below 80.Wednesday, November 19 We got bad news. Grandfather was rushed to the hospital. He hada stroke. Mother and Father went home to the province.Friday, November 21 A parade was held around the town plaza. Our school band and theboy scouts joined the parade. It was the inauguration of the municipalhall.Sunday, November 22 Father came home. Mother was left in the province. She had totake care of my sick grandfather.

Writing Activity Write a diary of your important activity starting today up to the 5th day.B. Read the following selections. Don Jose was a rich man. He loved his money more than anything else. He had no friends. When somebody asked for help he would say, “Why don’t you stretch your arms and work instead of asking help.” Years passed. Don Jose became richer and richer. He had plenty of money but he never helped his neighbors who were very poor. He never gave alms to the beggars. During Christmas he would shout at children singing Christmas carols. War broke out. The houses and properties of Don Jose were destroyed. He lost all his money. He was now a poor man. Don Jose learned to cry. He became friendly to his neighbors. His neighbors took pity on him. Don Jose learned to love his neighbors. He realized that money alone could not make a person happy. Write down the possible effects or causes to the given situations. 1. Don Jose had no friends. Cause: a. b. 2. War broke out. Effect: a. b. 3. Don Jose became a poor man. Effect: a. b.

Test YourselfRead the short selections below.A. Think of all possible causes or effects for each given situation. 1. There lived a king and queen who had a beautiful daughter named Rosamond. The king gave a party during her baptism. All the wise women were invited. There were thirteen wise women but only twelve were invited because there were only twelve golden plates. When the 13th woman came, she had no gold plate. Effect: The 13th wise woman got angry. Cause: 2. Rosamond was wounded with a spindle. She went to a deep sleep together with the king, queen and servants. The animals and the birds went to sleep, too. Even the wind stopped blowing. The palace looked like an enchanted place. Cause: Rosamond was wounded. Effects: 3. A prince from another kingdom heard about the sleeping beauty. He traveled far to see the princess. The palace was already covered with thick vines. The prince cut down the vines and entered the palace. He saw sleeping beauty. He kissed her. Immediately the princess woke up. All the people including the animals living in the palace woke up. There was life again in the palace. Cause: The prince kissed the sleeping beauty. Effects: 4. A lonely boy who was watching his sheep shouted, \"Wolf! Wolf!” when actually there was no wolf. The men working on the farm came and asked where the wolf was. The boy laughed and he told them that he was only playing a joke. When a real wolf came, no one came to help him even when he shouted for help. Effect: The wolf feasted on the sheep. Causes:

5. There was a rich man who wanted to go to heaven. He told Jesus that he had obeyed all the commandments since he was young. Then he asked Jesus what else he would do. Jesus told him to sell all his properties and give his money to the poor.Effect: The man felt sad.Causes:C. Think of all possible causes or effects asked for in the following situations. Give at least 2 or more causes/effects. Write your answer in your notebook.1. Effect: Mang Tirso was on crutches.Causes: a. b. c.2. Effect: Fred was first in the Honor Roll.Causes: a. b. c.3. Cause: Ben had enough money during vacation by selling newspapers.Effects: a. b. c.4. Cause: Mirla was sad.Effects: a. b. c.5. Cause: When Father arrived home from the office he was very happy. He whispered something to Mother.Effects: a. b.Show your work to your teacher.Did you do well? I'm sure you did.

GRADE IV USING BECAUSE AND SO THAT TO SHOW CAUSE AND EFFECT RELATIONSHIPSGETTING STARTED If somebody asks you Why, what do you have in mind? Maybe you are going to think of a cause or give a reason. The word “because” is usually associated with why questions. This word introduces the reason or the cause why things happen In this module, you will learn to:  identify statements or events that show cause and effect relationships  ask and answer questions using because or so that Start reading now and enjoy doing all the exercises prepared for you. Good luck !

Review TimeA. Answer the question for each of the following pictures. Choose your answer from the choices given. Write your answer in your notebook. 1. Why did the children run? a. The bus was approaching. b. It began to rain. c. The school bell rang. 2. Why were the children happy? a. They will clean the house. b. Father has just arrived from the city. c. Mother will give them money.

3. Why did Lito get sick? a. He played under the rain. b. He drank hot tea. c. He went to bed early.4. Why were the houses destroyed? a. There was a fire. b. There was a strong typhoon. c. Leaves of trees fall on the roof.