Atlas Agroalimentario 2017 english

World ranking Barley grain 1st 32nd world world producer Russia producer Mexico 20,444,258 tonnes 845,707 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade The Russian Federation produces Six of every thousand hectares of barley 14.5% of this grain’s crop in the world. grown on the planet are located in Mexico. 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueMexican imports of this grain registered a lower volume in 2016, as a result of the greater amount 73,910 1 -73,909 -56.1 153,300of barley grain harvested in the country. million USD 20.2 0.001 -20.199 -58.5 11,208Commercial origin-destination Increase DecreaseThe United States and France were Mexico’s main suppliers in 2016. France, along withAustralia and Argentina, are the largest exporters of barley in the world. 1,247* Buyer Main USA (Mexican exports) Supplier (Mexican imports) Importer and Exporter * USD Adequate geographical characteristics for the production The largest importers of barley in Asia are China and Saudi Arabia, while in Europe it is Holland and Belgium. Altitude Rain Temperature EdaphologyForeign trade evolution (million USD) 1,800 to 3,000 400 to 600 3 to 30 °C Not very deep soils, stony and well-drained, 64.3 MASL mm pH of 6.0 - 8.5 48.6 30.1 26.1 28.1 The western, central and north-central regions of Mexico have the best23.1 conditions for the development of this crop, which is in line with the states that contribute the highest production. 14.3 21.7 20.2 15.10 0 0.03 0.04 0.003 0.065 0 0.4 0.00001 0.001 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Exportaciones ImportacionesImports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Barley grain production potentialExports 18.5 29.1 50.5 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.6 0.3 0.2 0.0 46.9 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 53.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 59

Onion Onion production increased for the third consecutive year, Percentage of the production value by state mainly due to the improvement in the yields obtained. Baja California 19.3 Chihuahua Chihuahua generates the largest volumes of this 21.2 crop; for its sale, this state obtained an economic sum of 1.67 billion MXN in 2016. 2007-2016 National production volume (thousand tonnes) PArovmeraegdeio Tamaulipas 11.8 1,353 1,3872007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 1,246 1,196Top 10 in production volume 1,266Main producing states 1,399 Rank State 1,239Volume (tonnes)Variation (%) 1,270 2015-2016 National total 1,368 1 Chihuahua 1,5191,635,0497.6 2 Tamaulipas Variations % 1,635 3 Zacatecas 447,607 51.8 4 Baja California 5 Michoacan 177,396 6.7 6 Guanajuato 7 Puebla 161,235 -4.0 Onion production equals five times the weight 8 San Luis Potosi of Trump Tower, located in Chicago. 9 Morelos 133,701 0.2 10 Jalisco 131,584 -12.5 Rest 124,583 -20.3 94,181 10.3 71,324 5.4 2016 InYiedldicators Share in the national production of vegetables 69,601 4.6 10.6% 55,593 -3.4 168,245 -2.5 Annual per capita consumption Area 10.5 kg.10.4 10.6 Annual Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 2015-2016 Million MXN price Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN AAGR 52.5 1 51.5 tonnes 7,872 / hectare / tonne 2007-2016 1,635 4,815 3.2 542.3 1.6 23.1 31.7 0.8 6.5 0.8 7.6 7.0 14.4 1.8 5.9 1.1 5.1 IncreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThis condiment is available throughout the whole year. 6.4 6.0 8.1 8.9 11.1 9.1 8.7 11.6 9.4 8.2 7.9 4.6 January February March April May June July August September October November December60

World ranking Onion 1st 12th world world producer China producer Mexico 23,388,381 tonnes 1,368,184 tonnes 2016 Foreign trade The Asian country leads the production of The Mexican yield per harvested onion hectare is 2015-2016 Variation (%) this vegetable, although India also shows a 2.4 times lower than that of Austria, which registers production close to 20 million tonnes. the best in the world.2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThe significant exported volume of onion from Mexico position it as the third country that receives the 63,078 415,266 352,188 -9.9 6.8most foreign currency for the sale of this vegetable, which represents 13.5% of the world traded value. million USD 32.5Commercial origin-destination 231.2 198.7 -12.1 10The United States is the main destination of exported Mexican onions; it purchases a little more than Increase Decrease373,000 tonnes, which equal two thirds of the volume acquired abroad by that country. Canada Buyer Main (Mexican 224,608,812 exports) Supplier USA (Mexican imports) Guatemala Importer and Exporter * USDPotential markets for onion trading are Malaysia, Brazil, Sri Lanka, Pakistan and Senegal, although theUnited States is the second largest importer of this vegetable on the planet.Foreign trade evolution (million USD) 231.2 Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 198.8 203.2 210.2 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 0 to 2,800 350 to 600 15 to 22 °C Soils of light to medium texture; depth of MASL mm 35 to 50 cm, pH of 6.0 - 7.5 155.3 Due to its adaptability, it is possible to cultivate onion in many regions of our country, which is in line with the areas of high productive potential. 50 64.5 48.633 36.8 38.7 38 37 32.525 25.3 11.8 17.6 14.2 18.5 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 Exportaciones ImportacionesMonthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Imports Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Onion production potential 14.7 9.7 4.6 1.2 0.6 0.9 0.7 8.4 12.5 17.9 13.2 15.6Exports 3.9 8.5 17.4 13.8 11.4 12.8 8.7 5.2 4.0 4.4 5.0 4.9 61

Green chili The production of this crop continues to rise, since during 2016 it Percentage of the production value by state increased 17.9% with respect to the previous year, mainly due to an increase in the sown and harvested area. Chihuahua generates 3 out of 10 tonnes of green chili; in 2016, the area sown was Chihuahua greater than that of the previous year. This 22.0 movement is also observed in Zacatecas. 2007-2016 National production volume (thousand tonnes) P2Ar2vo,e,4m4r2a2e3gd3eio Sinaloa 16.6 2,260 Zacatecas 2,052 14.6 1,982 2,3362007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2,132 2,380Top 10 in production volume 2,294Main producing states 2,733 2,782RankStateVolume (tonnes)Variation (%) Variations % 3,2802015-2016 National total 3,279,910 17.9 1 Chihuahua 991,917 21.5 2 Sinaloa 637,924 6.0 Seven serrano chilies weigh approximately 50 g, and they are enough to prepare a green 3 Zacatecas 419,323 70.6 salsa. With the annual Mexican production, 66 thousand million salsas can be processed. 4 San Luis Potosi 296,298 33.5 5 Sonora 164,061 25.9 2016 InYiedldicators Share in the national 6 Jalisco 130,287 10.8 production of vegetables 7 Michoacan 123,403 3.5 21.3% 8 Guanajuato 101,449 -0.8 9 Baja California Sur 63,510 17.8 10 Durango 51,921 9.2 Rest 299,819 -8.0 Area Annual per capita consumption Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural Million MXN price 18.7 kg.18.6 18.8 Annual Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN 2015-2016 173 3 170 tonnes 24,142 / hectare / tonne 3,280 7,360 AAGR 12.8 -38.3 14.4 6.9 19.3 2007-2016 1.7 -8.9 2.0 17.9 8.1 -9.3 4.2 3.0 2.2 3.7 Increase DecreaseNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableThe availability of this vegetable is distributed throughout the year, although the last quarter concentrates half of the production. 6.9 8.1 5.2 4.8 4.7 3.4 8.7 8.5 11.9 13.5 12.3 12.0 January February March April May June July August September October November December62





















































Gerbera 2016 Foreign trade 2015-2016 Variation (%)2016 Foreign trade Votlounmnees Imports Exports Trade balance Imports Exports ValueThe gerbera is a flower mostly for domestic consumption. Although its foreign trade is 13 295 282 -34.1 -18.5marginal, it shows a positive balance of 226 thousand USD. thousand USD 468 694 226 -28.2 -20.8Commercial origin-destination DecreaseThe only commercial destination for this Mexican flower is the United States. Buyer Main 694,455* (Mexican USA exports) Supplier * USD (Mexican imports) National floriculture focuses not only on maintaining but increasing the trade of this Importer and ornamental with the US market. ExporterForeign trade evolution (thousand USD) Adequate geographical characteristics for the production 1,670 Altitude Rain Temperature Edaphology 1,400 to 1,600 400 to 500 15 to 18 °C 1,469 Loose, light soils, little calcareous with a loamy, sandy- MASL mm loamy or clay-loamy texture, pH of 5.0 - 6.0 1,031778 915 836 798 876 694 The geographical conditions 835 for the production of this plant 652 have little influence because it is grown in greenhouses. 4680.04 0.04 0 0.1 3 0 0 0 Exports Imports2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016Monthly distribution of foreign trade (%)Exportaciones Importaciones Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov DecImports 2.3 0.6 13.6 11.4 6.9 39.7 7.5 5.3 6.2 4.8 1.6 0.1Exports 5.1 10.6 6.7 9.3 13.1 7.2 10.1 7.4 7.1 7.8 6.2 9.4 Gerbera production potential 89

Ornamental flowers: sights and scents for the sensesAn ornamental plant is one that is grown and marketed essentially to show its beauty, although there are numerous species that have a dual use: food andornamental, such as the olive and the orange. In our country, the ornaments generated 7.63 billion MXN in 2016, in an area of 21,000 hectares.Chrysanthemum They are hybrid plants cultivated for How to grow Rose their eye-catching owers with ornamental flowers? uneven and velvety petals. In 2016, 616,000 plants were produced in 1 only 6.45 hectares. Direct The chrysanthemum and the rose seeding are two owers that are commercialized both by gross and by 2 3 plant; however, its importance lies in the gross, since they generate 67.3% Indirect Germination of the total production. sowing Share in the production value (%) Queretaro Nine other states 4 5 2.1 account for 2.6 percent. Irrigation Nutrient solution Jalisco Veracruz 7Harvesting 3.5 1.6 of owers Michoacan Flower or 6 2.3 leave pruning Estado de Mexico 62.4 Terminal n-od-e---- Morelos Lateral node 6.9 Mexico Puebla City 14.2 Types of measure units for ornamental flowers 4.4 Value of the production Estado de Mexico and Mexico Gross Plant commercialized in grosses City concentrate 65.4% of the 76.8% 16.9% national production, with the 2016 (thousand MXN) spring-summer cycle being the most important to achieveChrysanthemum 1,800,577 Bunch Cubic TonnesRose 1,638,851 these results. 2.9% meters 1.2%Gladiolus 1,105,286 2.0%Lilium Source: SIAP, 2016.Carnation 339,368 335,902Gerbera 285,71290

Palm oil in Mexico: oil tropical cultivationThe preparation of food by cooking, as well as the manufacture of Originother non-food products, requires a continuous use of vegetable Palm oil is a perennial plant, productive from 2 to 28 years old, and it comes from the Gulfoils that originate in various agricultural crops, and palm oil is one of Guinea area in West Africa. The first plantations in Mexico were cultivated in Chiapas,of the most demanded. In Mexico, the humid tropical region of the during the 50’s of the last century.south-southeast has given rise to its establishment and Clusters of palm fruits come to weighpossibilities of growth. 70 kg. From a cluster in full maturity, up to 20% of its weight is extracted in raw oil.8 interesting facts Sowed surface Located in:regarding palm oil 49,582 ha Veracruz and Tabasco, in the Gulf.production Chiapas, in the Pacific. 90,118 ha Campeche, in the Peninsula. 20161 Oil is extracted from the fruit or“coyol”of the palm. 20102 Of the vegetable oils produced in the world, palm oil is the second State No farming most produced. Farming3 The extraction plants in the country work at medium capacity and Municipalities produce 107 thousand tonnes per year. 17 - 92 ha 114 - 587 ha4 Domestic demand is complemented by imports. 766 - 1,483 ha It is necessary to incorporate palm cultivation in at least 50,000 2,201 - 4,571 ha5 hectares to reduce imports. 5,565 - 8,211 ha 10,550 - 11,342 ha6 The oil extracted from the fruit pulp is known as“raw orredoil”.7 The oil extracted from its kernel is the so-called“palm kernel oil”. The qualities of palm oil are: antioxidant, rich in beta carotenes,8 balanced content of fatty acids and abundant in vitamins A, D and E. Fruit processing capacity per hour in extracting plants Palm Some uses kernel oil For cooking Bread and fried foods Pharmaceutical industry 30 t 20 t 10 t 6t Cosmetics Agroimsa Agroipsa Palmatica Aceitera Campechana Sociedad de Productores de Palma Crude Soaps and detergentsMapastepec, Chis. oil Palenque, Chis. Palenque, Chis. Escarcega, Camp. Jalapa, Tab. Greases and lubricants Propalma Aceites de Palma El Desengaño Bepasa Acapetahua, Chis. Acayucan, Ver. Villa Comaltitlan, Chis. Acapetahua, Chis. BiofuelsSource: SIAP, National Association of Manufacturers of Edible Oils and Butter (ANIAME) and the Mexican Council for the Development of Palm Oil (Comexpalma). Pet food 91

Guava From 2015 to 2016 the production of guava grew 5%, due Percentage of the production value by state to a larger harvested area in the main producing state. Michoacan is the leading producer at 2007-2016 National production volume the national level, since it generates (thousand tonnes) 147 thousand 286 tonnes, mainly under the irrigation modality. PArvoemraegdeio 294 Aguascalientes 32.0 268 Zacatecas 285 17.2 289 3052007 2008 2009 20100 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 291 295Top 10 in production volume Michoacán 298Main producing states 42.1 303 Rank State 294Volume (tonnes)Variation (%) Variations % 3092015-2016 National total 1 Michoacan 309,094 5.0 2 Aguascalientes 3 Zacatecas 147,286 7.7 4 Estado de Mexico 5 Jalisco 94,845 5.2 6 Guerrero 7 Guanajuato 46,708 -3.6 687 \"Belaz75710\" cargo trucks, which hold up to 450 tonnes each, would be needed 8 Durango to transport the total volume of guavas produced in Mexico during 2016. 9 Nayarit 11,054 11.9 10 Hidalgo 2,992 -11.2 Rest 2,511 3.0 716 0.3 521 -1.6 2016 InYideldicators Share in the national production of fruits 423 19.1 1.4% 399 9.1 1,638 15.2 Annual per capita consumption Area 2.23 .4 kg.2.5 Annual Sown Lost Harvested Volume Value Yield Average rural 2015-2016 Million MXN price Thousand hectares Thousand Tonnes MXN AAGR 22 NA 22 tonnes 1,371 / hectare / tonne 2007-2016 309 4,434 1.8 NA 4.5 3.0 14.4 -0.8 NA -0.7 5.0 -1.9 0.4 1.6 2.8 2.3 1.2 Increase Decrease Does not applyNational monthly production (%) Mostly available Moderately available Least or not availableGuava is obtained all year round, but there is a slight increase in the months of October to December. 2.3 6.5 5.6 6.8 7.1 8.5 5.2 6.7 9.3 14.1 15.0 12.9 January February March April May June July August September October November December92