Định Mệnh Chiến Tranh - Mỹ Và Trung Quốc Có Thể Thoát Bẫy

["qua trong su\u1ed1t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh trao \u0111\u1ed5i ngo\u1ea1i giao nh\u1eefng n\u0103m sau \u0111\u00f3. N\u0103m 2014, Kevin Rudd v\u00e0 Brent Scowcroft quay v\u1ec1 t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i th\u1ea5u \u0111\u00e1o nh\u01b0ng ri\u00eang r\u1ebd c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m gi\u1ed1ng nhau v\u1ec1 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn\u201d \u0111\u00e1ng kinh ng\u1ea1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Theo c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ea1i chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u00f3 v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c bao g\u1ed3m n\u0103m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch: c\u00f4 l\u1eadp Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n Trung Qu\u1ed1c, h\u1ea1 th\u1ea5p Trung Qu\u1ed1c, chia r\u1ebd Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i v\u00e0 ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i gi\u1edbi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u01b0 Rudd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch, nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi c\u00e1o bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y \u201cxu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 ch\u01b0a, v\u00e0 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd, ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn t\u00ednh ch\u00ednh danh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1edfi v\u00ec ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 t\u1ef1 do\u201d. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, theo Rudd, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean \u201cm\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u0103n s\u00e2u b\u00e1m r\u1ec5, m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn \u2018hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c\u2019 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c cho r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng t\u1eeb b\u1ecf v\u1ecb th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1ebd l\u00e0m m\u1ecdi th\u1ee9 trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00edu gi\u1eef v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111\u00f3\u201d. \u0110\u1ee9ng t\u1eeb g\u00f3c nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng - bao g\u1ed3m khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch Philippines \u0111\u01b0a tranh ch\u1ea5p ra T\u00f2a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c \u1edf The Hague, \u0111\u01b0a ra h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng ch\u1ec9 tr\u00edch nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn l\u1eadp lu\u1eadn c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho Philippines c\u1ee7a t\u00f2a v\u00e0 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch b\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ea3m t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 r\u1ed9ng r\u00e3i trong khu v\u1ef1c - l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ee9ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 h\u01a1n cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m tr\u00ean. V\u00e0 v\u00ec v\u1eady n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ch\u01a1i c\u1edd vua, trong khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb nh\u1eefng th\u1ebf c\u1edd v\u00e2y c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang m\u00ecnh, l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 thay \u0111\u1ed5i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng cho\u00e1ng ng\u1ee3p t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. Khi \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea1i Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi c\u00e1c gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00f9 c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i m\u00e0 xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 c\u00f3 hay kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 khi n\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c \u0111\u1ec3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","c\u00e1c l\u1ee3i \u00edch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u00fat ra nh\u1eefng g\u1ee3i \u00fd g\u00ec t\u1eeb n\u1ec1n v\u0103n minh, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c? \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean v\u00e0 r\u1ea5t r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng quan \u0111i\u1ec3m d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n trong \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, v\u00e0 hy v\u1ecdng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh b\u1edfi th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 ki\u00ean tr\u00ec theo \u0111u\u1ed5i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ki\u00ean nh\u1eabn trong \u201ccu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i d\u00e0i\u201d v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 - m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u1ecd s\u1ebd t\u00edch l\u0169y l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc, t\u1ef1 tin r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi tr\u1ee5 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e2u h\u01a1n trong cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c. Trong khi n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 \u0111ang t\u1eadp trung s\u1ef1 ch\u00fa \u00fd v\u00e0o c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c hy v\u1ecdng M\u1ef9 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng s\u1ebd xoay tr\u1ee5c quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111ang ti\u1ebfp di\u1ec5n \u1edf Trung \u0110\u00f4ng, hay m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ee7a Nga \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, hay c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd t\u1ecf ra th\u1ef1c d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e0n nh\u1eabn trong c\u00e1c \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ec1 t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u00e1c d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o v\u1ec1 b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u1ec1m n\u0103ng n\u00e0o. B\u1edfi l\u1ebd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i t\u1ed1n m\u1ed9t th\u1eadp ni\u00ean n\u1eefa ho\u1eb7c h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1ea5t, B\u1eafc Kinh v\u1eabn c\u1ea7n c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 kh\u00f4n ngoan trong b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0o ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i M\u1ef9. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb t\u1eeb thay \u0111\u1ed5i t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 th\u00edch \u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 trong c\u1edd v\u00e2y Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd gi\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u00edch l\u0169y nh\u1eefng l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf mang t\u00ednh \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd bi\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1eb7c tr\u01b0ng c\u1ee7a ri\u00eang h\u1ecd th\u00e0nh l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf \u201cchi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d, xem l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u00e0nh t\u1ed1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 theo \u0111u\u1ed5i nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh t\u1ef1u trong m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia. Ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng s\u1ebd gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00e1c li\u00ean k\u1ebft ngo\u1ea1i giao v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng, l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc h\u01a1n s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u00f2n b\u1ea9y kinh t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch (ho\u1eb7c \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c) h\u1ee3p t\u00e1c trong nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1c. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00f3, ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ed1i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng \u1ea3nh https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c ngo\u1ea1i vi, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u00e0m suy y\u1ebfu m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi M\u1ef9. Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u1eadm ch\u00ed s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u201cd\u0129 Di tr\u1ecb Di\u201d (l\u1ea5y ng\u01b0\u1eddi Di tr\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Di) \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n s\u1ef1 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t li\u00ean minh mang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 c\u00e2n b\u1eb1ng ch\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c - v\u00ed d\u1ee5, x\u00fai Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ch\u1ed1ng H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, hay Nga ch\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9. S\u1ebd t\u1edbi l\u00fac B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u01b0u th\u1ebf v\u1ec1 quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c trong khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt t\u1ea5t y\u1ebfu m\u00e0 c\u00f2n b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 kh\u00e1ng. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ch\u1ec9 xem chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng xu h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u00e0i h\u1ea1n \u0111i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111ang d\u1ea7n m\u1ea5t \u0111i n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c m\u1eb7c c\u1ea3, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1ea1y cho \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc. Nh\u01b0 nh\u00e0 khoa h\u1ecdc ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Taylor Fravel \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ea5y trong m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u v\u1ec1 23 tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb n\u0103m 1949, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 trong ba tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p. V\u00e0 nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y ch\u1ec9 ra r\u1eb1ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 l\u1ef1c n\u1ebfu n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tin r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111ang thay \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1n c\u00e2n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n trong n\u01b0\u1edbc. Trong ph\u00e2n t\u00edch c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0o \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 n\u0103m 1962, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 n\u0103m 1969 v\u00e0 Vi\u1ec7t Nam n\u0103m 1979, Fravel ch\u1ec9 r\u00f5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 xu h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng hay l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu h\u01a1n. N\u00f3i t\u00f3m l\u1ea1i, cho t\u1edbi khi c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n ti\u1ebfn theo h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00f3 l\u1ee3i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu xu h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo h\u01b0\u1edbng b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m x\u1ea3y ra b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n nh\u01b0 M\u1ef9. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o s\u1ebd l\u00e0 tr\u1ecdng t\u00e2m c\u1ee7a ch\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfp theo. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","08 T\u1eea GI\u1edc CHO T\u1edaI CU\u1ed8C CHI\u1ebeN H\u00e3y l\u01b0u t\u00e2m t\u1edbi s\u1ee9c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u1edbn lao t\u1edbi t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m trong chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c ng\u01b0\u01a1i tham chi\u1ebfn. B\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u \u1edf m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb th\u1ebf sai l\u1ea7m, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u00ean v\u00e0 ch\u1edd \u0111\u1ee3i th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda x\u1ea3y ra, t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1ec1u l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng sai l\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ea5y khi b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Thucydides, l\u1eddi s\u1ee9 th\u1ea7n Athens ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc Ngh\u1ecb h\u1ed9i Sparta, n\u0103m 432 TCN Kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng m\u1ecdi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec1u thu\u1eadn l\u1ee3i v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng, hay b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh k\u1ef3 l\u1ea1 \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n s\u00f3ng v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng c\u01a1n b\u00e3o bi\u1ec3n m\u00e0 anh ta s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i. M\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn tranh ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eadn ra r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t khi t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n, anh ta s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch m\u00e0 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u00f4 l\u1ec7 cho nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u00ean \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Winston Churchill Chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1ea1o ra v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0o c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb k\u00e9o c\u0103ng b\u1edfi chi\u1ebfn tranh. Chi\u1ebfn tranh gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a m\u1ecdi tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p v\u00e0 l\u00e0m ch\u1ec7ch h\u01b0\u1edbng qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh v\u1eadn \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c. Carl von Clausewitz Li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn d\u00e0i c\u00f3 d\u00e1m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u00e0 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e8 b\u1eb9p Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II n\u0103m n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bom h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n? Khi binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea9y c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng B\u1eafc https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u0103m 1950, T\u01b0\u1edbng Douglas MacArthur \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng h\u1ec1 ngh\u0129 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady. Nh\u01b0ng Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng th\u00ec c\u00f3. V\u00e0 MacArthur \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft l\u1eb7ng. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u00e3 chia c\u1eaft B\u1eafc v\u00e0 Nam Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u. V\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 38 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c l\u00e0 tuy\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi ng\u0103n c\u00e1ch hai mi\u1ec1n Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean ng\u00e0y nay. Khi cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn k\u1ebft th\u00fac, g\u1ea7n 3 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, bao g\u1ed3m 36.000 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1969, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t tranh ch\u1ea5p bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi nh\u1ecf b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c s\u1edf h\u1eefu s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u01b0\u1ee3t tr\u1ed9i. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n khi \u00f4ng kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi X\u00f4 - Trung. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e1nh c\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 cho th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi th\u1ea5y h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft \u201cph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi \u0111i m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn: Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd b\u1ecb b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t, ngay c\u1ea3 khi k\u1ebb b\u1eaft n\u1ea1t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u00f3a t\u00ean n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u1ecfi b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. Trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m s\u1eafp t\u1edbi, li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng va ch\u1ea1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, xu h\u01b0\u1edbng th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp \u1edf \u0110\u00e0i Loan, tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ai mu\u1ed1n s\u1ed1ng \u1edf tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3, b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u1edf Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed tranh ch\u1ea5p kinh t\u1ebf c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng v\u01b0\u1ee3t t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ch\u00e2m ng\u00f2i cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o mu\u1ed1n hay kh\u00f4ng? V\u1edbi h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn kh\u00f3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c - v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u1ee3i \u00edch n\u00e0o m\u00e0 c\u00e1c b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hy v\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c*. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh phi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn binh l\u00ednh \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u0169ng r\u1ea5t l\u1edbn. Nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u n\u0103m 2016 c\u1ee7a RAND cho th\u1ea5y, ch\u1ec9 m\u1ed9t n\u0103m sau m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn phi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng, GDP c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m 10% v\u00e0 GDP c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3m t\u1ed1i \u0111a t\u1edbi t\u1eadn 35% - t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u0110\u1ea1i Suy tho\u00e1i. V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu x\u1ea3y ra https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u1ea3 hai qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 b\u1ecb h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n. C\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra. Tuy nhi\u00ean, d\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 thi\u1ebfu s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t hay kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 ngay c\u1ea3 khi c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 chi\u1ebfn tranh. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o kh\u00e1c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf s\u1ef1 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, bu\u1ed9c h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh gia t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro chi\u1ebfn tranh thay v\u00ec b\u1eb1ng l\u00f2ng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n thay th\u1ebf kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. Pericles kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Sparta. Ho\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ebf \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Anh. Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng ban \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Kim Il-sung ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950 v\u1edbi n\u1ed7i lo s\u1ebd b\u1ecb ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, c\u00e1c s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n th\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eaft c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ph\u1ea3i l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn gi\u1eefa nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 v\u00e0 t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. V\u00e0 khi b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 v\u00e0o gu\u1ed3ng, nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m, t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai l\u1ec7ch v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng v\u01b0\u1edbng m\u1eafc tr\u1edf ng\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 leo thang th\u00e0nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u01b0\u1ee3t qu\u00e1 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ban \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 ai. \u0110\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean, Washington v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n nh\u1eefng k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n, t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng gi\u1ea3 l\u1eadp v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bu\u1ed5i t\u1eadp tr\u1eadn b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n hay tai n\u1ea1n kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c giao vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00f3ng gi\u1ea3 l\u00e0m Trung Qu\u1ed1c hay M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eeb \u0111\u00e2y. Nh\u1eefng th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean tham gia c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c di\u1ec5n t\u1eadp n\u00e0y lu\u00f4n lu\u00f4n b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd khi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1m l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean v\u00e0 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111i\u1ec3m l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p l\u1ecbch s\u1eed trong \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf, t\u1ed5ng h\u1ee3p l\u1ea1i b\u1ed1n kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m m\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00ean c\u1ee9u \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec3u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0a ra n\u0103m vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa hai si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f9ng m\u1ea1nh nh\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nay. Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean, 1950-1953. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 25 th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 1950, Kim Il-sung (\u00f4ng n\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean hi\u1ec7n nay Kim Jong-un) ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 t\u01b0, B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Seoul, th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 c\u1ee7a mi\u1ec1n Nam. Trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t th\u00e1ng, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Ch\u1ec9 trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian r\u1ea5t ng\u1eafn, m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu bao g\u1ed3m binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u tr\u1ee3 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a T\u01b0\u1edbng Douglas MacArthur, ch\u1ec9 huy t\u1ed1i cao c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0110\u1ed3ng minh t\u1ea1i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, ba s\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n l\u1ee5c qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tham chi\u1ebfn, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 b\u1edfi c\u00f9ng lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom B-26 v\u00e0 B-29 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Trong v\u00f2ng ba th\u00e1ng ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1nh lui binh l\u00ednh B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u1ec1 l\u1ea1i v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 38. K\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u00e0o Gi\u00e1ng sinh v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd ngh\u0129 r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a MacArthur v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 38 v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n r\u1ea5t nhanh v\u1ec1 h\u01b0\u1edbng s\u00f4ng \u00c1p L\u1ee5c, v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 con s\u00f4ng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi gi\u1eefa B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. B\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 do M\u1ef9 h\u1eadu thu\u1eabn \u1edf Seoul. Kh\u00f4ng quan t\u00e2m t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra li\u00ean t\u1ee5c t\u1eeb b\u1ed9 m\u00e1y tuy\u00ean truy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng binh l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ecb b\u1eaft, c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00fd t\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 can thi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ec3 gi\u00fap \u0111\u1ee1 mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc. N\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c m\u1edbi k\u1ebft th\u00fac ch\u01b0a \u0111\u1ea7y m\u1ed9t n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc. Cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 t\u00e0n ph\u00e1 \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn 3,5 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng. T\u1ea1i sao m\u1ed9t ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 v\u1eabn \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i quay cu\u1ed3ng v\u00ec h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 l\u1ea1i ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1eebng bu\u1ed9c \u0110\u1ebf qu\u1ed1c Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng v\u00f4 \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n? Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u00e1ng 11, MacArthur th\u1ee9c d\u1eady v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n ti\u00ean phong g\u1ed3m 300.000 binh l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ed3ng minh. Do kh\u00f4ng chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1edbc, c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. M\u1ed9t trung \u0111o\u00e0n thu\u1ed9c S\u01b0 \u0111o\u00e0n K\u1ef5 binh S\u1ed1 1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t 600 ng\u01b0\u1eddi khi c\u1eadn chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00e0i gi\u1edd. Trong nhi\u1ec1u tu\u1ea7n sau \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 MacArthur v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201c\u0111\u1ed9i qu\u00e2n n\u00f4ng d\u00e2n\u201d \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n b\u01b0\u1edbc ti\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1ed3ng minh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea9y l\u00f9i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c ra xa v\u0129 tuy\u1ebfn 38. Ch\u1ecbu thua trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng, MacArthur k\u00eau g\u1ecdi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Harry Truman cho ph\u00e9p \u00f4ng s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c*. Thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb t\u01b0\u1edbng n\u0103m sao c\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u, Truman \u0111\u00e3 sa th\u1ea3i \u00f4ng. Cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n b\u1ebf t\u1eafc trong su\u1ed1t hai n\u0103m tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi m\u1ed9t th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn ng\u1eebng b\u1eafn cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m Truman l\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Dwight Eisenhower k\u00fd k\u1ebft v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1953. Nh\u01b0 s\u1eed gia T. R. Fehrenbach \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i: \u201cTrong h\u01a1n 100 n\u0103m, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i t\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a s\u1ef1 khinh th\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u00f4ng s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng, ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n, hay \u00fd ch\u00ed chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u n\u00e0o.\u201d \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c n\u1eefa. Bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung - X\u00f4, 1969. Kho\u1ea3ng 19 n\u0103m sau khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u00f9a \u0111\u00f4ng b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ee9 hai th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Trong cao \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng Trung - X\u00f4 v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, c\u1ea3 hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c va ch\u1ea1m nhau trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c bi\u1ebfn c\u1ed1 nh\u1ecf tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc d\u1ecdc theo d\u00f2ng s\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3ng b\u0103ng Ussuri \u1edf Siberia. Binh l\u00ednh Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u201c\u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai\u201d, Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh; v\u00e0 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u201ch\u1ebft l\u1ea7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn l\u1ea7n kh\u00e1c\u201d gia t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u201cv\u00f2ng cung bao v\u00e2y ch\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d, theo Nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n nh\u1eadt b\u00e1o. Trong m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng, c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda gia t\u0103ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng d\u1ecdc theo bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, khi 650.000 qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi 290.000 qu\u00e2n Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 1.200 m\u00e1y bay. Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u201cchi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n\u201d kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201ccu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a nh\u00e2n l\u1ef1c v\u00e0 tinh th\u1ea7n\u201d. Theo l\u1eddi quan ch\u1ee9c cao c\u1ea5p nh\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 t\u1eebng \u0111\u00e0o t\u1ea9u sang ph\u01b0\u01a1ng T\u00e2y Arkady Shevchenko, B\u1ed9 Ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t \u201cvi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh \u00e1c m\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ebfn t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u binh l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u201cg\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 ph\u00e1t \u0111i\u00ean\u201d. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trang b\u1ecb v\u00e0 hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n \u00e1p \u0111\u1ea3o y\u1ec3m tr\u1ee3. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 h\u01a1n 10.000 v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt SS-12 v\u1edbi s\u1ee9c n\u1ed5 500 kiloton m\u00e0 Moscow \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m m\u1ed9t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1964, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y m\u1edbi ch\u1ec9 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","s\u1edf h\u1eefu b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 m\u1ed9t ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ec7n n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n n\u00e0y v\u00e0o Li\u00ean X\u00f4. Cu\u1ed1i th\u00e1ng 11 n\u0103m 1968, b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u201ctheo ngh\u0129a n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, v\u1eabn l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c phi h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. V\u1edbi s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u00edt \u1ecfi, ch\u00fang ta kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu tham chi\u1ebfn, ch\u00fang ta ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d. Nhi\u1ec1u l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tin r\u1eb1ng t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 c\u00e1ch duy nh\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5m d\u1ee9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, Li\u00ean X\u00f4 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 b\u00ed m\u1eadt ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Nixon \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111o l\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Nh\u01b0 Kissinger, khi \u0111\u00f3 \u0111ang l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia M\u1ef9, sau n\u00e0y nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i: \u201cLi\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111\u00e3 r\u1ea5t g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn\u201d v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m \u0111\u00f3. Ch\u1ec9 sau khi Washington c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ng\u1ed3i y\u00ean, Moscow m\u1edbi x\u1ebfp x\u00f3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111ang gi\u1eadn d\u1eef, Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n: ch\u1ecdc gi\u1eadn con g\u1ea5u Nga. Qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u201c\u01b0u ti\u00ean t\u00ednh b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd c\u1ee7a h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d v\u00e0 d\u1ea1y cho Moscow \u201cm\u1ed9t b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc cay \u0111\u1eafng\u201d. V\u00e0o ng\u00e0y 2 th\u00e1ng 3 n\u0103m 1969, PLA ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch l\u00ednh bi\u00ean ph\u00f2ng Li\u00ean X\u00f4 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o Tr\u00e2n B\u1ea3o n\u1eb1m tr\u00ean s\u00f4ng Ussuri, sau \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 hai khi\u1ebfn 91 l\u00ednh Li\u00ean X\u00f4 t\u1eed tr\u1eadn, \u0111\u1ed5i l\u1ea1i b\u1eb1ng sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a 30 l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c. T\u1ea1i sao Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady? \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng - ti\u00eau bi\u1ec3u cho kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m \u201cph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng\u201d chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c \u1edf m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hay nh\u01b0 Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea5u mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh\u201d. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh v\u00e0o t\u00e2m l\u00fd h\u01a1n l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Nh\u01b0 Michael Gerson \u0111\u00e3 k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn, m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 \u201cr\u0103n \u0111e c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u00e0 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai\u201d v\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o s\u1ef1 can \u0111\u1ea3m, quy\u1ebft \u0111o\u00e1n v\u00e0 s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn l\u00e0 ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean X\u00f4\u201d. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng eo bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00e0i Loan, 1996. Sau Mao Tr\u1ea1ch \u0110\u00f4ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1ch t\u1ea1o ra r\u1ee7i ro chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch g\u1eedi c\u00e1c th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7. N\u0103m 1996, v\u00ec lo s\u1ee3 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan L\u00fd \u0110\u0103ng Huy \u0111ang l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9c \u201cM\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c\u201d \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed5n t\u1ea1i t\u1eeb l\u00e2u v\u00e0 h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, B\u1eafc Kinh m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i L\u00fd \u1edf cu\u1ed9c b\u1ea7u c\u1eed \u0110\u00e0i Loan n\u0103m 1996, Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u00ecm c\u00e1ch \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1eed tri \u0110\u00e0i Loan b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00f3ng h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t t\u00ean l\u1eeda bao quanh h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y, ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n Clinton \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi hai nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay USS Nimitz v\u00e0 USS Independence \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m g\u00e2y \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng l\u00ean c\u1eed tri \u0110\u00e0i Loan ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng, khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng L\u00fd \u0110\u0103ng Huy chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1ed1i li\u00ean k\u1ebft v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0i Loan*. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai l\u1ea7m c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m s\u00e2u s\u1eafc th\u00eam \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh t\u1eeb ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch b\u00ean mi\u1ec7ng h\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn tranh \u0111\u1ea7y hung h\u0103ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, k\u00e8m theo m\u1ed9t tai n\u1ea1n hay s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3. C\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n xung quanh Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ng\u00e0y nay. Nh\u01b0 \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i trong Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng 7, h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1ea7m m\u1eaft t\u1eeb ph\u00eda b\u1edd bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd nh\u00ecn th\u1ea5y c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n xung quanh (m\u00e0 h\u1ecd coi l\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Trung Hoa). Theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n di\u1ec7n li\u00ean t\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 trong c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng chuy\u1ebfn bay thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o d\u1ecdc c\u00e1c \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t th\u01b0\u1eddng - m\u1ed9t t\u00e0n t\u00edch kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3n t\u1eeb Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II. Khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u00e9p M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 12 n\u0103m 2013, khi t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c mang t\u00ean l\u1eeda d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng USS Cowpens \u0111ang quan s\u00e1t t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c - Li\u00eau Ninh - trong chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ec7nh t\u1eeb ch\u1ec9 huy con t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi khu https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","v\u1ef1c. Thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng t\u00e0u Cowpens tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111ang ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ee3p l\u00fd v\u00e0 h\u1ee3p ph\u00e1p tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, v\u00ec v\u1eady s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn y\u00eau c\u1ea7u t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Li\u00eau Ninh. V\u00e0i ph\u00fat sau, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u1eaft ngang \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a Cowpens, khi\u1ebfn cho v\u1ecb thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 hai l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn: \u0111\u00e2m v\u00e0o t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c, ho\u1eb7c ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ng\u1eeba va ch\u1ea1m, nh\u01b0ng trong con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc. \u00d4ng \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9 hai. S\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Cowpens l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong s\u1ed1 nhi\u1ec1u s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n, gia t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n nh\u1eefng va ch\u1ea1m mang t\u00ednh \u201ctai n\u1ea1n\u201d v\u00e0 th\u1eed th\u00e1ch gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c s\u0129 quan M\u1ef9. H\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn c\u00e1c t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn thu\u1eadt nh\u01b0 tr\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, nh\u1eefng h\u01b0\u1edbng d\u1eabn nh\u01b0 v\u1eady kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00fac n\u00e0o c\u0169ng th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng. Th\u00e1ng 4 nam 2001, m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay do th\u00e1m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 bay g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam \u0111\u00e3 va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ecf r\u00f5 s\u1ef1 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c chuy\u1ebfn bay thu th\u1eadp th\u00f4ng tin n\u00e0y. Phi c\u00f4ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ebft, trong khi c\u00e1c phi c\u00f4ng M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh xu\u1ed1ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi th\u1eddi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n George W. Bush. Phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb t\u1ea1m gi\u1eef \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c sau cu\u1ed9c h\u1ea1 c\u00e1nh kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 t\u1ef1 do sau 10 ng\u00e0y. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1m gi\u1eef chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay l\u00e2u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 do th\u00e1m t\u1ed1i m\u1eadt. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3, PLA \u0111\u00e3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh thay th\u1ebf d\u1ea7n b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh v\u00e0 c\u00e1n c\u00e2n l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2n c\u1eadn. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o, h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng \u1edf kh\u1eafp Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u1edbi tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111e d\u1ecda m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n quan tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0y. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y cho th\u1ea5y vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh khi n\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng bi\u1ec7n ph\u00e1p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 vi\u1ec7c t\u1ef1 h\u1ecfi r\u1eb1ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd h\u00e0nh x\u1eed ra sao khi \u0111\u1ee9ng tr\u00ean v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee7. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c, l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng theo ki\u1ec3u ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ecbch th\u1ee7 m\u1ea1nh h\u01a1n h\u1ecd, k\u1ebb s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng l\u00e0m \u0111i\u1ec1u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, ph\u1ea3i ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean. Tia l\u1eeda, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 leo thang Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n chi\u1ebfn tranh, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m c\u0103n b\u1ea3n v\u00e0 quen thu\u1ed9c t\u1eeb C\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m M\u1ef9. Nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n nh\u1ecf trong nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng. \u0110i\u1ebfu thu\u1ed1c l\u00e1 b\u1ecb v\u1ee9t \u0111i, \u0111\u1ed1ng l\u1eeda tr\u1ea1i v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u00e1y \u00e2m \u1ec9, tai n\u1ea1n c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 s\u1ea5m ch\u1edbp l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng quen thu\u1ed9c h\u01a1n nhi\u1ec1u. May m\u1eafn thay, trong r\u1eebng c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 trong m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia, h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c tia l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ch\u00e1y. \u0110i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng th\u01b0\u1eddng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh li\u1ec7u tia l\u1eeda n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1m l\u1eeda. Trong khi l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a ch\u00fa g\u1ea5u Smoky \u201cch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 b\u1ea1n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n ch\u00e1y r\u1eebng\u201d c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111i c\u1eafm tr\u1ea1i v\u00e0 leo n\u00fai v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng tia l\u1eeda, C\u1ee5c Ki\u1ec3m l\u00e2m c\u0169ng \u0111\u01b0a th\u00eam nh\u1eefng c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o v\u00e0o c\u00e1c m\u00f9a kh\u00f4 k\u00e9o d\u00e0i hay trong nh\u1eefng kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian n\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ec9nh \u0111i\u1ec3m, v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1eeda nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c c\u00f3 nguy c\u01a1 cao. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, C\u1ee5c quy \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c l\u01b0u tr\u1eef c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t d\u1ec5 ch\u00e1y, th\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ef1ng kh\u00ed propane v\u00e0 tr\u1ea1m ga. Khi nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, C\u1ee5c c\u0169ng nghi\u00eam kh\u1eafc h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng quy \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean. Trong quan h\u1ec7 Trung - M\u1ef9 ng\u00e0y nay, nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan tr\u1ea3i d\u00e0i t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ecba l\u00fd, v\u0103n h\u00f3a v\u00e0 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed, cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c b\u00e0i h\u1ecdc m\u00e0 m\u1ed7i ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e3 r\u00fat ra t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. Kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 Anh, M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1eb1m \u1edf nh\u1eefng v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u1ed1i di\u1ec7n nhau tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00f4i khi nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf M\u1ef9 m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 r\u1ea5t \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi nhau \u1edf v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n Caribe. C\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u00f3i, n\u1ebfu h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 l\u00e0m theo h\u00ecnh m\u1eabu c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c b\u00e1n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n r\u1ee7i ro va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Th\u00eam v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","L\u00e2u N\u0103m G\u00f3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cl\u1eddi nguy\u1ec1n kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch\u201d (the tyranny of distance) g\u1ee3i l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong vi\u1ec7c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u00ean. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng Thucydides c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 \u0111ang th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng nh\u1ea5t. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c t\u00ednh n\u00e0y tr\u1edf n\u00ean tr\u1ea7m tr\u1ecdng h\u01a1n khi nh\u1eafc t\u1edbi th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 t\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn \u00e2m \u1ec9 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng t\u1ed9i \u00e1c m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ph\u1ea3i g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Tranh ch\u1ea5p gi\u1eefa Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t. N\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Shinzo Abe hay ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf nhi\u1ec7m th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c thay \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 gia t\u0103ng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y, bao g\u1ed3m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ea5y c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o tranh ch\u1ea5p, Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng khoanh tay \u0111\u1ee9ng nh\u00ecn. Nh\u01b0 quan s\u00e1t t\u1eeb Kissinger trong cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng: \u201cL\u1ecbch s\u1eed l\u00e0 k\u00fd \u1ee9c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia.\u201d K\u00fd \u1ee9c n\u00e0y c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan ch\u1eb7t ch\u1ebd t\u1edbi c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh qu\u1ed1c gia trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai. C\u1ea3 qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 l\u1eabn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1u nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 thua, hay \u00edt nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng 4\/5 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u1edbn m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tham gia k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II* (v\u1edbi Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u00f9ng l\u1eafm c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c xem l\u00e0 h\u00f2a, v\u1edbi Vi\u1ec7t Nam l\u00e0 thua, v\u1edbi Iraq v\u00e0 Afghanistan c\u00f3 l\u1ebd c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1eb9p h\u01a1n. Ch\u1ec9 c\u00f3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1991 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng George H. W. Bush bu\u1ed9c Iraq c\u1ee7a Saddam Hussein ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui kh\u1ecfi Kuwait m\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng). D\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u00f4ng tin tr\u00ean, c\u1ef1u B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Robert Gates \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i r\u00f5: \u201cTheo \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a t\u00f4i, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai n\u00e0o \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean cho T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa \u0111\u01b0a m\u1ed9t l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng b\u1ed9 binh l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o ch\u00e2u A ho\u1eb7c Trung \u0110\u00f4ng ho\u1eb7c ch\u00e2u Phi n\u00ean \u2018\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e2m l\u00fd\u2019, nh\u01b0 T\u01b0\u1edbng MacArthur \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i.\u201d Trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 g\u1eedi binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng \u00edt ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn vi\u1ec7c binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 hy sinh. T\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e0y r\u1ea5t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng: c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i b\u1ecf qua https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u00e1n t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn ch\u1ec9 b\u1edfi ch\u00fang g\u00e2y ra r\u1ee7i ro sinh m\u1ea1ng cao, trong khi c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng n\u00f3i \u00edt h\u01a1n v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ebfn vi\u1ec7c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 binh l\u00ednh. C\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ebft r\u00f5 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0a y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c trao \u0111\u1ed5i kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd c\u00f3 trong tay v\u00e0i tri\u1ec7u \u0111\u00e0n \u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9c th\u00e2n s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng hy sinh v\u00ec \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc. Gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 khi x\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t que di\u00eam \u0111ang ch\u00e1y, ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t va ch\u1ea1m mang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 tai n\u1ea1n hay s\u1ef1 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch gi\u00e1n ti\u1ebfp tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m c\u00e1c ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 b\u1edfi th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 Clausewitz g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201cs\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh\u201d. M\u1edf r\u1ed9ng t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn c\u1ee7a Thucydides v\u1ec1 chi\u1ebfn tranh nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 \u201cchuy\u1ec7n may r\u1ee7i\u201d, trong On War (B\u00e0n v\u1ec1 Chi\u1ebfn tranh) Clausewitz \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng: \u201cChi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh. Ba ph\u1ea7n t\u01b0 nh\u1eefng y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1ecb bao ph\u1ee7 b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh, d\u00f9 nh\u1ecf hay l\u1edbn.\u201d S\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh l\u1edbn lao n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho m\u1ed9t ch\u1ec9 huy hay m\u1ed9t nh\u00e0 ho\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng hung h\u0103ng, trong khi h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt b\u00e0y ra tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1eaft l\u1ea1i cho th\u1ea5y c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i c\u1ea9n tr\u1ecdng, ho\u1eb7c ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i. N\u0103m 1964, hai ng\u00e0y sau khi b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9 b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 hai nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o con t\u00e0u. Trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng Robert McNamara d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i th\u00f4ng qua Ngh\u1ecb quy\u1ebft V\u1ecbnh B\u1eafc B\u1ed9, \u0111\u00f2i h\u1ecfi ph\u1ea3i tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi B\u1eafc Vi\u1ec7t Nam. Ph\u1ea3i t\u1edbi h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean sau \u0111\u00f3, McNamara m\u1edbi bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng b\u00e1o c\u00e1o v\u1ec1 v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c. Nh\u01b0 McNamara \u0111\u00e3 vi\u1ebft: \u201cR\u1ed1t cu\u1ed9c, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Johnson \u0111\u00e3 ra l\u1ec7nh n\u00e9m bom \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 \u00f4ng ngh\u0129 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1ee9 hai v\u1ed1n ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd x\u1ea3y ra.\u201d M\u1ed9t t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng b\u00e1o \u0111\u1ed9ng gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c h\u01b0\u1edbng n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i \u1edf Vi\u1ec7t Nam. S\u1ef1 ra \u0111\u1eddi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n s\u1ebd g\u00e2y \u201cs\u1ed1c v\u00e0 ng\u1ea1c nhi\u00ean\u201d c\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n. V\u1edbi nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh d\u1eef li\u1ec7u v\u00e0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, k\u1ebb th\u00f9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t b\u1ed9 ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia. Trong chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u201cB\u00e3o t\u00e1p Sa m\u1ea1c\u201d ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Saddam Hussein n\u0103m 1991, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u00ecnh di\u1ec5n phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n 1.0 c\u1ee7a kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y. H\u1ecd h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a Saddam c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa \u00f4ng ta v\u00e0 c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy Iraq tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. B\u1ecb c\u00f4 l\u1eadp, c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u1ee7a Saddam \u0111\u00e3 \u00e1n binh b\u1ea5t \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0111\u1ec3 cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng h\u1ecd \u201cd\u1ec5 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edfng\u201d, nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 phi c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t. C\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 tinh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 k\u1ef3 v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 quan tr\u1ecdng trong b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 xung \u0111\u1ed9t M\u1ef9 - Trung n\u00e0o. \u0110\u00e3 l\u00e0 ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec1 trong khoa h\u1ecdc vi\u1ec5n t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u, ng\u00e0y nay c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. N\u0103m 2007, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y m\u1ed9t v\u1ec7 tinh th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean k\u00edn \u0111\u00e1o th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c ch\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 tinh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u1ec7 tinh cung c\u1ea5p m\u1ed9t k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i c\u1ef1c k\u1ef3 quan tr\u1ecdng trong h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft m\u1ecdi nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9, t\u1eeb \u0111\u01b0a ra c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7, cung c\u1ea5p h\u00ecnh \u1ea3nh v\u00e0 d\u1ef1 b\u00e1o th\u1eddi ti\u1ebft cho t\u1edbi l\u00ean k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn. C\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh \u0111\u1ecbnh v\u1ecb to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u g\u00f3p ph\u1ea7n d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gi\u00fap t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1eb7t \u0111\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebft ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng. M\u1ef9 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 n\u00e0y nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c. Kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 n\u00f3, t\u1ed5ng t\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 truy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh t\u1edbi c\u00e1c trung \u0111\u1ed9i tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ecba, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai n\u1eb1m \u1edf gi\u1eefa. C\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 tinh ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc kh\u00e1c nhau, t\u1eeb c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i mang t\u00ednh \u201c\u0111\u1ed9ng n\u0103ng\u201d h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, t\u1ea1o ra tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00f4 s\u1ed1 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng y\u00ean t\u0129nh h\u01a1n s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng laser \u0111\u1ec3 g\u00e2y nhi\u1ec5u hay \u2018l\u00e0m ch\u00f3i m\u1eaft\u201d v\u1ec7 tinh, khi\u1ebfn ch\u00fang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1ed9t m\u1eb7t, kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i h\u01a1n cho qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh chuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed5i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh. M\u1eb7t kh\u00e1c, kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng leo thang kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t. Chi ti\u1ebft v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng mang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f2ng b\u00ed m\u1eadt v\u00e0 \u0111ang li\u00ean t\u1ee5c bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed5i. Tuy https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","nhi\u00ean, c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u00f3 c\u00e1i nh\u00ecn l\u01b0\u1edbt qua ch\u00fang trong m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n Iran. C\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, g\u1ed3m C\u01a1 quan An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia v\u00e0 B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy M\u1ea1ng, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 \u00e2m th\u1ea7m \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u00e2n s\u1ef1 t\u1ed1i quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u01b0 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c m\u00e1y ch\u1ee7 trung gian hay thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf c\u00e1c m\u00e1y t\u00ednh b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m \u0111\u1ed9c, h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 che gi\u1ea5u ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng, l\u00e0m ch\u1eadm kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n k\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n. C\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed di\u1ec7t v\u1ec7 tinh, v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy - \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n v\u00e0 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u00f4ng tin v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 thi\u1ebfu trong c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t ngh\u1ecbch l\u00fd nguy hi\u1ec3m: h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 b\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tin r\u1eb1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m gi\u1ea3m m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u00e0 n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y l\u00e0 li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u00e0 khi\u00eau kh\u00edch. Th\u1eadm ch\u00ed, n\u1ebfu chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf v\u1eabn ch\u1ec9 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf b\u00ean trong khu v\u1ef1c Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng, n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn m\u1ea1ng l\u1ea1i cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed7i b\u00ean tham chi\u1ebfn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng d\u1ec5 b\u1ecb t\u1ed5n th\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng - v\u00ed d\u1ee5, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e1nh s\u1eadp m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111i\u1ec7n, b\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n, hay m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn c\u1ee7a h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh. T\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1, c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng th\u00f4ng tin li\u00ean l\u1ea1c s\u1ebd l\u00e0m gia t\u0103ng m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh, t\u1ea1o ra nhi\u1ec1u nh\u1ea7m l\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i nguy c\u01a1 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n sai l\u1ea7m. Trong khi c\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau \u0111\u1ee3t t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00e0 v\u1eabn c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a, kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o r\u1eb1ng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee9ng v\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u00f4ng tin c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u1ea3n c\u00f4ng th\u00f4ng qua ch\u00ednh c\u00e1c \u0111\u00f2n t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a Washington, hay https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng do th\u00e1m quan tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng- ho\u1eb7c- th\u1ea5t-b\u1ea1i nguy hi\u1ec3m, trong \u0111\u00f3 m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c m\u1eaft x\u00edch ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd b\u1ecb v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a. M\u1ed9t phe ph\u00e1i n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh hay Washington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 nh\u1ecf, tuy kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng g\u00e2y ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, nh\u01b0ng s\u1ebd g\u1eedi \u0111i m\u1ed9t th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ea3nh c\u00e1o b\u00ed m\u1eadt nh\u1eb1m b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn h\u01a1n nh\u1eafm t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf h\u1ea1 t\u1ea7ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 kh\u00f4ng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0103n mi\u1ebfng tr\u1ea3 mi\u1ebfng s\u1ebd leo thang nhanh ch\u00f3ng tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1edf h\u1eefu t\u01b0 duy s\u1eed-d\u1ee5ng-ho\u1eb7c-th\u1ea5t-b\u1ea1i v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec1u s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c khuy\u1ebft \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh m\u00ecnh, c\u1ea3 hai \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh sai v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111ang x\u1ea3y ra hay ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng trong khi v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n v\u1eabn ch\u01b0a g\u00e1nh ch\u1ecbu thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i. M\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c nguy hi\u1ec3m tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh khi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u01b0\u1edbng v\u00e0o xung \u0111\u1ed9t. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n v\u00e0 che gi\u1ea5u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ec3 thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng tham gia v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khi\u00eau kh\u00edch, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 d\u1eabn d\u1eaft h\u1ecd bu\u1ed9c t\u1ed9i m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba kh\u00e1c. M\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 v\u1eady c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c truy\u1ec1n th\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh, hay nh\u1eefng c\u00e1i t\u00ean th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u01b0u l\u1ea1i tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra M\u1ef9 trong vi\u1ec7c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf di\u1ec5n ra hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3, n\u00f3 s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn cho m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh tr\u1edf n\u00ean d\u00e0y \u0111\u1eb7c h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh vi g\u00e2y h\u1ea1i t\u1edbi t\u00ednh b\u1ea3o m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi tuy\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c x\u00e2m ph\u1ea1m, v\u00ed d\u1ee5 nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi v\u1eadn h\u00e0nh h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eadn \u0111\u1ecbnh kh\u00e1 kh\u00e1c nhau t\u00f9y theo m\u1ed7i b\u00ean. Ch\u1eb3ng h\u1ea1n nh\u01b0 V\u1ea1n l\u00fd T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda (Great Firewall) c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","m\u1ed9t t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m cho ph\u00e9p B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t v\u00e0 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n nhi\u1ec1u ph\u00e2n kh\u00fac n\u1ed9i dung m\u1ea1ng r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn. Washington c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng quan tr\u1ecdng \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi V\u1ea1n l\u00fd T\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1eeda, xem \u0111\u00f3 nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o khi\u00eam t\u1ed1n v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh c\u00e1 nh\u00e2n. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi v\u00f4 c\u00f9ng coi tr\u1ecdng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00f4ng tin m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn, h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb hi\u1ec3u sai th\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean nh\u1eb1m thay \u0111\u1ed5i ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9. So s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd nh\u1ea5t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 bom h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n, c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 tinh vi v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c cao. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n nh\u01b0 v\u1eady ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 \u1ea3o t\u01b0\u1edfng. Qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh gia t\u0103ng t\u00ednh k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng, thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb v\u00e0 \u201cv\u1ea1n v\u1eadt\u201d t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng domino. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ef1 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u1ebfn nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng kh\u00e1c ra sao, b\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n trong vi\u1ec7c h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 qu\u1ea3 do c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd g\u00e2y ra, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ph\u00f2ng tr\u00e1nh s\u1ef1 leo thang kh\u00f4ng mong mu\u1ed1n. N\u0103m 2016, c\u00f3 180.000 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p c\u00f3 k\u1ebft n\u1ed1i Internet \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 lan t\u1ecfa c\u1ee7a th\u1ee9 g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 Internet V\u1ea1n v\u1eadt, bao tr\u00f9m kho\u1ea3ng 10 t\u1ef7 thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u, s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau h\u1ea5p d\u1eabn \u0111ang gia t\u0103ng m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch nhanh ch\u00f3ng. Thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 ki\u1ebfn tr\u00ean kh\u00f4ng gian m\u1ea1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y kh\u00f4ng k\u00e9m g\u00ec c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0 chi\u1ebfm quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 h\u1ee3p y t\u1ebf hay t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh \u0111ang s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng. Trong khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy m\u1ea1ng \u1edf M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh M\u1ef9 lu\u00f4n s\u1edf h\u1eefu nh\u1eefng \u201ch\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1\u201d to nh\u1ea5t trong c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng, h\u1ecd c\u0169ng th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh s\u1ed1ng trong \u201cng\u00f4i nh\u00e0 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u k\u00ednh nh\u1ea5t\u201d. Trong th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1960, nh\u00e0 t\u01b0\u01a1ng lai h\u1ecdc Herman Kahn (m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00f3ng t\u00e1c l\u1ea1i qua nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt Ti\u1ebfn s\u0129 Strangelove trong b\u1ed9 phim c\u1ee7a Peter Seller) \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t m\u1ed9t thang \u0111o m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 leo thang g\u1ed3m 44 n\u1ea5c t\u1eeb \u201cchuy\u1ec3n \u0111\u1ed9ng d\u01b0\u1edbi m\u1ee9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng\u201d cho t\u1edbi \u201cchi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n\u201d. N\u1ea5c thang \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Kahn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng gi\u1ea3 m\u1ea1o\u201d - ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 tia l\u1eeda kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o cho h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng leo thang. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00d4ng gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c r\u1ea5t hi\u1ebfm khi leo thang m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch c\u1ea9n th\u1eadn v\u00e0 ch\u1eadm r\u00e3i. C\u00e1c \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd b\u1ecf qua m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 n\u1ea5c thang. Trong khi leo thang, m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd \u0111\u00e1nh gi\u00e1 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan v\u1edbi v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 t\u1ea1i m\u1ed7i n\u1ea5c thang v\u00e0 t\u00ednh to\u00e1n xem v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u1edf nh\u1eefng n\u1ea5c thang ti\u1ebfp theo l\u00e0 nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. B\u1ea3n th\u00e2n \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh t\u00e2m l\u00fd s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn b\u1ebf t\u1eafc hay th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i thay v\u00ec ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c leo l\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 chi\u1ebfn tranh h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t cao h\u01a1n. Th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia s\u1ebd s\u1edf h\u1eefu l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 trong v\u00f2ng v\u00e0i n\u1ea5c thang, sau \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eb7p b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i khi c\u00e0ng leo l\u00ean cao h\u01a1n. Trong khi m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u mu\u1ed1n gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m m\u00e0 m\u00ecnh chi\u1ebfm th\u1ebf th\u01b0\u1ee3ng phong, h\u1ecd ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u kho\u1ea3n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 - ng\u01b0\u1eddi bi\u1ebft ch\u1eafc r\u1eb1ng b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn leo l\u00ean nh\u1eefng n\u1ea5c thang xung \u0111\u1ed9t h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfm l\u1ee3i th\u1ebf l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. Kinh t\u1ebf gia \u0111o\u1ea1t gi\u1ea3i Nobel Thomas Schelling so s\u00e1nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea1nh tranh chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u0103n b\u1ea3n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u1edbi tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i con g\u00e0. Trong phi\u00ean b\u1ea3n c\u1ed5 \u0111i\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nhi\u1ec1u thi\u1ebfu ni\u00ean mong mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm c\u1ea3m gi\u00e1c m\u1ea1nh l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1950, hai chi\u1ebfc xe \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi nhau, m\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1eb7t b\u00e1nh xe b\u00ean tr\u00e1i l\u00ean v\u1ea1ch k\u1ebb gi\u1eefa c\u1ee7a con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng. T\u1eeb hai h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch, h\u1ecd l\u00e1i xe v\u1edbi t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ed1i \u0111a lao th\u1eb3ng ph\u00eda nhau. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi n\u00e0o b\u1ebb l\u00e1i n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ebd l\u00e0 con g\u00e0, trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i s\u1ebd gi\u00e0nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00f4 g\u00e1i. N\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ai ch\u1ecbu b\u1ebb l\u00e1i, hai chi\u1ebfc xe s\u1ebd t\u00f4ng nhau v\u00e0 c\u1ea3 hai c\u00f9ng ch\u1ebft. T\u1eeb c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 va ch\u1ea1m gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u00e1y bay nh\u01b0 c\u00f4ng c\u1ee5 qu\u1ea5y nhi\u1ec5u cho t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ho\u1eb7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ch\u01a1i m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c: ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c lao t\u1edbi tr\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro va ch\u1ea1m ch\u1ebft ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra, ho\u1eb7c tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 nh\u01b0ng ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 gi\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch ch\u1ecbu khu\u1ea5t ph\u1ee5c. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb b\u1ecf thay v\u00ec ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u s\u1ebd t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t b\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea9y ra kh\u1ecfi \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ua hay kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i. M\u1ed7i b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u hi\u1ec3u \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y v\u00e0 bi\u1ebft b\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u0169ng n\u1eafm r\u00f5 nguy\u00ean l\u00fd \u0111\u00f3. V\u00ec v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 Schelling \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ea1y ch\u00fang ta, xung \u0111\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c d\u01b0\u1edbi d\u1ea1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00f3ng v\u1ec1 b\u1ea3n ch\u1ea5t l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","cu\u1ed9c thi \u0111\u1ea5u xem ai c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n. M\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia, b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch thuy\u1ebft ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd r\u1eb1ng m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0a ra nhi\u1ec1u cam k\u1ebft h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau ho\u1eb7c d\u00e1m theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea3i c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc - v\u00e0 t\u1eeb b\u1ecf cu\u1ed9c ch\u01a1i. M\u1ed9t va ch\u1ea1m t\u00ecnh c\u1edd tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eefng tia l\u1eeda ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng tr\u00f4ng c\u00f3 v\u1ebb t\u1ea7m th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e1ng s\u1ee3. G\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn, m\u00e1y bay c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh \u0111ang ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u1edf m\u1ed9t c\u1ef1 ly g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay Trung Qu\u1ed1c h\u01a1n bao gi\u1edd h\u1ebft. C\u00e1c khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m mang t\u00ean l\u1eeda d\u1eabn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 do h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i g\u1ea7n c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o do Trung Qu\u1ed1c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t trong khu v\u1ef1c tranh ch\u1ea5p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed, khi ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch nh\u01b0 th\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111i qua g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00f3 Trung Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng tr\u00e1i ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng b\u0103ng cho m\u00e1y bay, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 l\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda. Khi khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c n\u00e0y, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i, gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n Cowpens. Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u Cowpens, khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i tr\u00e1nh n\u00e9 (hay kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh k\u1ecbp l\u00fac), va ch\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c khi \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd c\u00f3 ba l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn. L\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh l\u00e0 tr\u00e1nh kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng leo thang b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 th\u00f4ng qua c\u00e1c k\u00eanh ngo\u1ea1i giao. Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng m\u00e1y bay ho\u1eb7c t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e1 V\u00e0nh Kh\u0103n. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh \u201cg\u00e0\u201d, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng leo thang, B\u1eafc Kinh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tin l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i trung dung. Khi khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi khu v\u1ef1c, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd ch\u1eb7n \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng t\u00e0u M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp l\u00e3nh h\u1ea3i Trung Qu\u1ed1c, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111o\u00e0n \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng l\u00fd tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n Trung Qu\u1ed1c. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tin r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111ang gi\u1ea3m leo thang c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch theo \u0111u\u1ed5i m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch cho ph\u00e9p \u0111\u01b0a ra gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ngo\u1ea1i giao t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 th\u1ecfa thu\u1eadn cho phi h\u00e0nh \u0111o\u00e0n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 nh\u00e0 sau s\u1ef1 c\u1ed1 va ch\u1ea1m m\u00e1y bay g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o H\u1ea3i Nam. Tuy nhi\u00ean, t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng qu\u1ea5y r\u1ed1i t\u00e1o b\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m M\u1ef9 ngay t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y ra va ch\u1ea1m. N\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng b\u1eaft gi\u1eef c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 trong v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf s\u1ebd l\u00e0m x\u00f3i m\u00f2n c\u00e1c nguy\u00ean t\u1eafc c\u1ee7a lu\u1eadt bi\u1ec3n. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng s\u1ebd t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng h\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 s\u00e2u r\u1ed9ng: n\u1ebfu qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee9ng l\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd g\u1eedi th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p g\u00ec t\u1edbi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, bao g\u1ed3m Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 Philippines? Kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn uy t\u00edn b\u1ecb gi\u1ea3m s\u00fat, t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm khinh h\u1ea1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ch\u1eafn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111i c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. Theo m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u v\u00e0 th\u1ec3 hi\u1ec7n s\u1ef1 nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1edbi t\u1eeb ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c m\u00e0 c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ecdn c\u00e1ch ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ph\u00f4 tr\u01b0\u01a1ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh \u0111\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh. B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf Hawaii, trong khi tham v\u1ea5n c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u1edf Washington, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ra l\u1ec7nh cho c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3 bay t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c, g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay \u0111ang \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1edbi Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay B-2 t\u1eeb \u0111\u1ea3o Guam. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9 tin r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng n\u00e0y s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t \u0111i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ea9y c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng leo thang h\u01a1n n\u1eefa. B\u1eafc Kinh nh\u00ecn nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n tr\u00ean theo c\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n kh\u00e1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi m\u00e0n s\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u00f9 chi\u1ebfn tranh xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. D\u01b0\u1edbi con m\u1eaft c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e2m ch\u00ecm m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u00e0 hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 \u0111ang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tri\u1ec3n khai, \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u00e0u tu\u1ea7n d\u01b0\u01a1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n kh\u00e1c hay c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 tr\u00ean c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Tr\u01b0\u1edbc nh\u1eefng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng k\u1ecbch li\u1ec7t t\u1eeb ph\u00eda c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eadn th\u1ee9c r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c g\u00e2y \u0111\u1ed5 m\u00e1u, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a th\u1eadt m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c l\u1ea1i ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh. Trong khi c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u M\u1ef9 ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn hi\u1ec7n tr\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 con t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t, m\u1ed9t h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n v\u00e0 nh\u1eafm b\u1eafn m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 \u0111ang bay t\u1edbi. Chi\u1ebfc m\u00e1y bay ph\u1ea3i n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch li\u1ec1u l\u0129nh v\u00e0 t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng khu v\u1ef1c ph\u00f2ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o. B\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c ra l\u1ec7nh b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 chi\u1ebfc t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda b\u1eafn tr\u00fang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm con t\u00e0u. Nh\u1eefng ai tho\u00e1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00ec m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t tr\u00ean thuy\u1ec1n c\u1ee9u sinh. C\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Trung Qu\u1ed1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng trong vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn v\u1edbi M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 th\u1eeba nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng chu\u1ed7i m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. H\u1ecd tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u00e0 mang t\u00ednh ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 b\u1edfi t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng g\u00e2y h\u1ea5n tr\u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9 kinh ng\u1ea1c khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh \u0111\u1eafm m\u1ed9t khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m tr\u1ecb gi\u00e1 3 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la v\u00e0 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 M\u1ef9. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 lo ng\u1ea1i ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t trong Ph\u00f2ng T\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 r\u00fat lui: \u0111o\u1ea1n phim v\u1ec1 m\u1ea3nh v\u1ee1 c\u1ee7a con t\u00e0u v\u00e0 v\u1ec1 c\u00e1c th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 M\u1ef9 \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n tr\u00ean c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh v\u00e0 m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i khi\u1ebfn cho vi\u1ec7c r\u00fat lui l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3. Nhi\u1ec1u nh\u00e2n v\u1eadt trong Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i k\u00eau g\u1ecdi ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n cho ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 T\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn Kh\u00f4ng - H\u1ea3i, trong \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec1 ngh\u1ecb ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 radar tr\u00ean l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eadn ra vi\u1ec7c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o cho chi\u1ebfn tranh, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 cho ph\u00e9p B\u1ed9 T\u01b0 l\u1ec7nh Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o tranh ch\u1ea5p \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng l\u00fd gi\u1ea3i \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng, v\u00ec nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y li\u00ean quan tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp t\u1edbi v\u1ee5 ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u khu tr\u1ee5c M\u1ef9. H\u01a1n n\u1eefa, lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y s\u1ebd gi\u00fap c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 gi\u1ea3i c\u1ee9u nh\u1eefng th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 \u0111ang b\u1ecb m\u1eafc k\u1eb9t g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00f3. Quan tr\u1ecdng nh\u1ea5t, m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1ebd ch\u1ec9 nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u00e2n t\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh v\u00e0 c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00e1c l\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf. Trong nhi\u1ec1u n\u0103m, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 n\u00f3i v\u1edbi c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang r\u1eb1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 tranh c\u00e3i \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u00f3. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi h\u1ecd, c\u00e1c h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u1ed9 ph\u1eadn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Trung Hoa - v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 v\u1eeba m\u1edbi t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang (nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u0111ang c\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1ea1o n\u00ean nh\u1edb r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0o Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ee5ng ch\u1ea1m g\u00ec t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed m\u1ed9t bang c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn khi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i tham chi\u1ebfn). Nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 \u1edf Guam, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u1ea1i mu\u1ed1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. Kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ai k\u00eau g\u1ecdi Trung Qu\u1ed1c ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf. Nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u b\u00e0i \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7, sau m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 \u00f4 nh\u1ee5c d\u01b0\u1edbi tay c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i, \u0110\u1ea3ng C\u1ed9ng s\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n: \u0110i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng x\u1ea3y ra m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa.\u201d D\u00f9 v\u1eady, Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh v\u1eabn b\u00e1m v\u00edu v\u00e0o hy v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chi\u1ebfn tranh. Nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y l\u00e0 b\u1ea5t kh\u1ea3 thi n\u1ebfu Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 \u1edf Guam hay Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u binh l\u00ednh c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c. Khi t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng x\u1ee9ng v\u1edbi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea3o c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh th\u00f4ng qu\u00e1 m\u1ed9t k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch thay th\u1ebf \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1edbi c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t: s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed laser, v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111i\u1ec7n t\u1eed v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed \u0111\u1ed9ng h\u1ecdc \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y, v\u00f4 hi\u1ec7u h\u00f3a c\u00e1c v\u1ec7 tinh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean qu\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ea1o ho\u1eb7c t\u1ea1i khu v\u1ef1c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m t\u00ea li\u1ec7t c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp khu v\u1ef1c ch\u00e2u \u00c1 - Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. M\u1ee5c ti\u00eau l\u00e0 gi\u1ea3m leo thang c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng: T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh hy v\u1ecdng M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd b\u1ecb s\u1ed1c t\u1edbi m\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i r\u00fat lui. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, theo quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u201cg\u00e2y m\u00f9\u201d n\u00e0y v\u1edbi giai \u0111o\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay xu\u1ea5t ph\u00e1t t\u1eeb Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n - m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n khi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh h\u00e0ng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ec7nh danh l\u00e0 \u201cs\u00e1t th\u1ee7 t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay\u201d. Con t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay 90.000 t\u1ea5n, m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u1ed5i v\u1edbi 5.500 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u1ed1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 mi\u00eau t\u1ea3 l\u00e0 l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn \u0111\u1ec3 m\u1ea5t. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng kh\u00f4ng s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn r\u1ee7i ro. Theo l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 T\u1ed5ng tham m\u01b0u Li\u00ean Qu\u00e2n, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ph\u1ea3i mi\u1ec5n c\u01b0\u1ee1ng th\u00f4ng qua b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch duy nh\u1ea5t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi gian ng\u1eafn \u0111\u1ec3 c\u1ee9u l\u1ea5y con t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay: m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean T\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn Kh\u00f4ng - H\u1ea3i. S\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i sau cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y \u201cchu\u1ed7i gi\u1ebft ch\u00f3c\u201d c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, bao g\u1ed3m h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u1ec7 tinh v\u00e0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng do th\u00e1m cho ph\u00e9p B\u1eafc Kinh nh\u1eafm b\u1eafn ch\u00ednh x\u00e1c c\u00e1c t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m. M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng s\u1ebd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u1ed3 \u1ea1t b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ee9a t\u00ean l\u1eeda v\u00e0 c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c, nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1i b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o, \u1edf b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 n\u01a1i \u0111\u00e2u b\u00ean trong Chu\u1ed7i \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean. C\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o \u0111\u00fang v\u00e0o nh\u1eefng th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh. \u0110\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c \u0111ang b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, v\u00e0 c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eafp b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y. Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng ch\u00fang, ho\u1eb7c m\u1ea5t ch\u00fang. T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh cho ph\u00e9p ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9 n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 nh\u00f3m t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay. M\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay n\u00e9m bom v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay, nh\u01b0ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng minh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn m\u01b0a t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o DF-21D - \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 s\u00e1t th\u1ee7 t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay - nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay qu\u00e1 kh\u00f3 \u0111\u1ec3 x\u1eed l\u00fd. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u1eeba \u0111\u1ee7 t\u00ean l\u1eeda tr\u00fang m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft 5.500 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 tr\u00ean boong - nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ebft trong su\u1ed1t tr\u1eadn Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng. Nh\u1eefng \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1ef1c khi ch\u01a1i tr\u00f2 con g\u00e0 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng v\u00e0 v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00f4ng gian tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 th\u1ed5i b\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t tia l\u1eeda nh\u1ecf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t c\u01a1n b\u00e3o l\u1eeda. \u0110\u00e0i Loan h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","N\u1ebfu \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, \u0110\u00e0i Loan s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t tr\u00ean th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Kho\u1ea3ng 23 tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ch\u0103m ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111\u00e3 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n m\u1ed9t n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u00f3 quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i Philippines, Th\u00e1i Lan hay Vi\u1ec7t Nam. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n \u0110\u00e0i Loan mong mu\u1ed1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp, Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i xem h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t t\u1ec9nh tr\u1ef1c thu\u1ed9c. B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111\u00e3 chu\u1ea9n b\u1ecb b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1ee9 g\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. Kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 n\u00e0y. Tuy nhi\u00ean, gi\u1ea3 s\u1eed ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c gia t\u0103ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p trong n\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, n\u01a1i m\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee9a h\u1eb9n duy tr\u00ec m\u1ed9t m\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed9 t\u1ef1 tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 khi Anh trao tr\u1ea3 quy\u1ec1n ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1 n\u00e0y v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1997. T\u1ee9c gi\u1eadn v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng gi\u1eef l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a, c\u01b0 d\u00e2n H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u B\u1eafc Kinh duy tr\u00ec cam k\u1ebft \u201cM\u1ed9t Qu\u1ed1c gia, Hai Ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9\u201d. Trong khi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh k\u00e9o d\u00e0i h\u00e0ng tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5 m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p kh\u1ea3 d\u0129 n\u00e0o, T\u1eadp C\u1eadn B\u00ecnh ra l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0m nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng l\u00e0m \u1edf Qu\u1ea3ng tr\u01b0\u1eddng Thi\u00ean An M\u00f4n n\u0103m 1989: d\u1eadp t\u1eaft c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c bi\u1ec3u t\u00ecnh. B\u1ea1o l\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u00e0i Loan b\u1ecb s\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 th\u1ebf h\u1ec7 tr\u1ebb. C\u00e1c quan \u0111i\u1ec3m \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. Trong b\u1ea7u kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed n\u00e0y, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c khuy\u1ebfn kh\u00edch gia t\u0103ng nh\u1eefng l\u1eddi l\u1ebd nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh c\u00e1c quy\u1ec1n v\u00e0 n\u1ec1n d\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 kh\u0103n m\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a b\u00e0 c\u00f2n \u0111i xa h\u01a1n, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng ch\u1ee9ng minh \u0110\u00e0i Loan kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o t\u1ef1 do cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh tr\u1eeb khi tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n. Nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1t \u0111i t\u00edn hi\u1ec7u b\u1ea5t b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e0n \u00e1p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf H\u1ed3ng K\u00f4ng, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 th\u1eb3ng th\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng d\u00e0nh cho quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee9ng r\u1eafn c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0110\u1ea1o lu\u1eadt Quan h\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0i Loan n\u0103m 1979 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 \u0110\u00e0i Loan tr\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u1eeb Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng ph\u00e1 v\u1ee1 ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch \u201cm\u1eadp m\u1edd chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d v\u1ed1n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng t\u1eeb l\u00e2u li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u00e0i Loan, v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0110\u00e0i Loan di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ng\u1ea5m ng\u1ea7m d\u00e0nh cho https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","n\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed9c l\u1eadp. Trong m\u1ed9t b\u00e0i ph\u1ecfng v\u1ea5n v\u1edbi t\u1edd New York Times, b\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0110\u00e0i Loan s\u1ebd \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a Li\u00ean Hi\u1ec7p Qu\u1ed1c (m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i) v\u00e0 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u0110\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn 1992, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u1ea3 hai ph\u00eda \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd v\u1edbi kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m M\u1ed9t Trung Qu\u1ed1c, trong khi cho ph\u00e9p t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i kh\u00e1c nhau v\u1ec1 \u00fd ngh\u0129a th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ec3 tr\u1eebng ph\u1ea1t \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u00ec s\u1ef1 b\u1ea5t tu\u00e2n v\u00e0 nh\u1eb1m \u0111e d\u1ecda khi\u1ebfn h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o ph\u1ea3i l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc, Trung Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3 theo m\u1ed9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c n\u00e2ng c\u1ea5p t\u1eeb Kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng eo bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00e0i Loan tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch li\u00ean t\u1ee5c b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0110\u00e0i Loan d\u01b0\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a \u201cth\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m\u201d c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m, l\u00e0m gi\u00e1n \u0111o\u1ea1n nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i huy\u1ebft m\u1ea1ch n\u1ed1i \u0110\u00e0i Loan v\u1edbi th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Khi \u0110\u00e0i B\u1eafc v\u1eabn t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i ng\u1eebng \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean, Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed kh\u00e1c, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 r\u1ea3i m\u00ecn \u0111\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1 ho\u1ea1i c\u00e1c t\u00e0u bi\u1ec3n ra v\u00e0o \u0110\u00e0i Loan. L\u00e0 m\u1ed9t h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf, \u0110\u00e0i Loan nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u 70% th\u1ef1c ph\u1ea9m v\u00e0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i t\u00e0i nguy\u00ean thi\u00ean nhi\u00ean, bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 n\u0103ng l\u01b0\u1ee3ng. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c phong t\u1ecfa k\u00e9o d\u00e0i s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y ng\u1eebng ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng thi\u1ebfu h\u1ee5t l\u01b0\u01a1ng th\u1ef1c quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec7c \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u0111\u0103ng k\u00fd gia nh\u1eadp Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ng\u0103n \u0110\u00e0i Loan b\u1ecb b\u00f3p ngh\u1eb9t. Nhi\u1ec1u th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean thu\u1ed9c phe \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 \u0110\u00e0i Loan \u1edf Qu\u1ed1c h\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng g\u1eedi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay t\u1edbi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0110\u00e0i Loan, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 Bill Clinton \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong su\u1ed1t kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng 1995-1996. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c hi\u1ec7n nay t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng t\u1edbi b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay M\u1ef9 n\u00e0o di chuy\u1ec3n t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c v\u00e0 c\u00f4ng ch\u00fang M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn kh\u00e1c. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0u th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111i qua nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng, m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u00e1i mang t\u00ednh h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng giao chi\u1ebfn (b\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ecdc c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh t\u01b0\u1ee3ng tr\u01b0ng nh\u01b0 v\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3n t\u00e1c d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o v\u1edbi Athens khi th\u00e0nh bang n\u00e0y g\u1eedi m\u1ed9t h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i mang t\u00ednh r\u0103n \u0111e t\u1ed1i thi\u1ec3u t\u1edbi h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 Corcyra). Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi r\u1ee7i ro b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm b\u1edfi h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, d\u00f9 l\u00e0 c\u1ed1 t\u00ecnh hay v\u00f4 t\u00ecnh - m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c l\u1ea5y \u0111i sinh m\u1ea1ng c\u1ee7a h\u01a1n 1.000 ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng l\u1eddi k\u00eau g\u1ecdi tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a. Trong k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y, m\u1ed9t t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c - b\u1ec1 ngo\u00e0i l\u1ea5y c\u1edb l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m v\u1eabn \u0111ang di\u1ec5n ra - \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm t\u00e0u USS John P. Murtha, m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 \u0111\u1ed5 b\u1ed9 \u0111ang tham gia h\u1ed9 t\u1ed1ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0u d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. G\u1ea7n 800 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 tr\u00ean t\u00e0u thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng - nhi\u1ec1u h\u01a1n s\u1ed1 l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng trong n\u0103m \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh Iraq. Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng v\u1ee5 b\u1eafn ch\u00ecm ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 tai n\u1ea1n; t\u00e0u Murtha n\u1eb1m trong t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn c\u1ee7a t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111ang r\u01a1i xu\u1ed1ng m\u1ed9t khu v\u1ef1c b\u1ea5t k\u1ef3 n\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf Washington, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f2ng v\u00e0 Ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng Tham m\u01b0u tr\u01b0\u1edfng h\u1ed1i th\u00fac T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1eebng \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ecb l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1eeba, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e3y ra l\u1ec7nh cho B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch T\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn Kh\u00f4ng - H\u1ea3i nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o c\u00e1c b\u00e3i ph\u00f3ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n. Trong tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y hay c\u00e1c tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p li\u00ean quan kh\u00e1c, l\u1ecbch s\u1eed can thi\u1ec7p qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong tr\u00ean chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y s\u1ebd \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 bao tr\u00f9m trong vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ecbnh h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng c\u1ee7a Washington. V\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebft s\u1ef1 sa l\u1ea7y c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ti\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec7m \u1edf Iraq v\u00e0 Afghanistan, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng mu\u1ed1n chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u1ea3y ra. Nh\u1ea1y c\u1ea3m tr\u01b0\u1edbc s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a phe d\u00e2n t\u00fay, c\u1ee7a xu h\u01b0\u1edbng bi\u1ec7t l\u1eadp, \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111i ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ea1i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi \u0110\u00e0i Loan. Ngay c\u1ea3 nh\u01b0 v\u1eady, c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a 800 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 v\u00e0 l\u00ednh th\u1ee7y \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ed9 trong m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea7y bi k\u1ecbch c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng s\u1ebd khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u00e1o th\u00f9. \u0110\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi v\u1ee5 \u0111\u1eafm t\u00e0u Murtha, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u00e0ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u00e1p l\u1ef1c t\u1eeb c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb, \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda ch\u1ed1ng h\u1ea1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a Trung qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u1ea1i l\u1ee5c. B\u1edfi v\u00ec c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n v\u00e0 t\u00ean l\u1eeda th\u00f4ng th\u01b0\u1eddng c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf c\u00f9ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a ch\u00fang l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t, B\u1eafc Kinh hi\u1ec3u l\u1ea7m r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 \u0111ang c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng x\u00f3a s\u1ed5 kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u mang y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 b\u1ea5t ng\u1edd. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","Trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng nh\u1eb1m \u201ctr\u00e1nh leo thang b\u1eb1ng leo thang\u201d - m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Orwell nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 tr\u1ee5 c\u1ed9t c\u1ee7a chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Nga - Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda \u0111\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea1o mang \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n tr\u1ed1ng tr\u1ea3i ph\u00eda Nam Okinawa. H\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua ng\u01b0\u1ee1ng h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 kh\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t sinh m\u1ea1ng n\u00e0o b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, kho\u1ea3ng c\u00e1ch t\u1eeb s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u01b0\u1edbc ch\u00e2n ng\u1eafn. Chi\u1ebfn tranh b\u1ecb k\u00edch \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba Tia l\u1eeda d\u1eabn t\u1edbi xung \u0111\u1ed9t Trung - M\u1ef9 kh\u00f4ng nh\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft ph\u1ea3i bao g\u1ed3m c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, xung \u0111\u1ed9t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 t\u1edbi t\u1eeb m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi, ho\u1eb7c, gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh th\u1ee9 ba. Ch\u00fang ta \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh nh\u01b0 v\u1eady v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010, khi B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m Cheonan c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 l\u00e0m thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng 46 th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 kh\u00f4ng li\u00ean quan c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Seoul kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh B\u00ecnh Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ecbu tr\u00e1ch nhi\u1ec7m. Cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng, hai mi\u1ec1n Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean v\u00e0 c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng minh c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd c\u00f9ng b\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00f9i kh\u1ecfi ranh gi\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u00e0 ch\u1ea5t x\u00fac t\u00e1c nh\u01b0 hi\u1ec7n nay, kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 li\u1ec7u vi\u1ec7c n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u00f3 d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng n\u1eefa hay kh\u00f4ng, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c b\u00ean th\u1ee9 ba c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan kh\u00f4ng quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng di\u1ec5n bi\u1ebfn ch\u1eadm ch\u1ea1p nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t trong su\u1ed1t nhi\u1ec1u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua. B\u00ean c\u1ea1nh H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng minh ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed ngay b\u00ean c\u1ea1nh Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia v\u1edbi l\u1ecbch s\u1eed theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh trong kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian h\u1eadu Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, nh\u01b0ng l\u1ea1i s\u1edf h\u1eefu n\u1ec1n ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng mang t\u00ednh ch\u1ea5t qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t trong nh\u1eefng n\u0103m g\u1ea7n \u0111\u00e2y. C\u00e1c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb gia b\u1ea3o th\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng l\u1edbn ti\u1ebfng v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i thay \u0111\u1ed5i hi\u1ebfn ph\u00e1p h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh v\u1ed1n b\u1ecb M\u1ef9 \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t. H\u1ecd c\u0169ng \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng kh\u00f3 ch\u1ecbu tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1i Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng v\u00e0 Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng c\u00f3 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 l\u1ecbch s\u1eed \u1edf B\u1eafc Kinh, b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 b\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111i n\u00e0o m\u00e0 Tokyo l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd ch\u1ecbu \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c tr\u00ean, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 b\u1edfi th\u00e1i \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111ang ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng d\u1ecbch chuy\u1ec3n v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Senkaku (\u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0110i\u1ebfu Ng\u01b0) ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00f3ng ti\u1ec1m t\u00e0ng. Qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y c\u00f3 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed g\u1ea7n v\u1edbi c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1eaft c\u00e1 c\u00f3 gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb, c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c m\u1ecf d\u1ea7u d\u1ef1 tr\u1eef tr\u00ean Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng. M\u1ef9 t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ea3 l\u1ea1i cho Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, qu\u1ed1c gia t\u1eebng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1970, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o. C\u00e1c t\u00e0u Trung Qu\u1ed1c th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111i qua v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n xung quanh, gia t\u0103ng c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa B\u1eafc Kinh v\u00e0 Tokyo, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 gia t\u0103ng r\u1ee7i ro va ch\u1ea1m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o cho m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng. H\u00e3y xem x\u00e9t k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n t\u1ea1o n\u00ean c\u1ed1t truy\u1ec7n cho m\u1ed9t tr\u00f2 ch\u01a1i chi\u1ebfn tranh do RAND thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf*. M\u1ed9t nh\u00f3m ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Senkaku tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng con thuy\u1ec1n d\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Tr\u00ean m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i, h\u1ecd gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd h\u01b0\u1edbng t\u1edbi Kuba Jima, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o nh\u1ecf h\u01a1n v\u1edbi \u00fd \u0111\u1ecbnh chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef v\u00e0 tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n h\u00f2n \u0111\u1ea3o n\u00e0y v\u1edbi danh ngh\u0129a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. H\u1ecd xu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ea3o v\u00e0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac kh\u00f4ng r\u00f5 h\u00ecnh th\u00f9. H\u1ecdc h\u1ecfi t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 to\u00e0n th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn. Trung Qu\u1ed1c nhanh ch\u00f3ng ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng: c\u00e1c t\u00e0u h\u1ea3i c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn khu v\u1ef1c ch\u1ec9 v\u00e0i gi\u1edd sau \u0111\u00f3, b\u1eaft gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 \u0111em h\u1ecd v\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t x\u1eed. Li\u1ec7u Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n c\u00f3 cho ph\u00e9p c\u00f4ng d\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i m\u1eb7t v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00f2a \u00e1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c? C\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, thay v\u00ec ch\u1ecbu m\u1ea5t m\u1eb7t, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u c\u1ea3nh s\u00e1t bi\u1ec3n t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c \u0111\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n con t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eaft gi\u1eef nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c c\u1ef1c \u0111oan, kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 n\u00f3 quay tr\u1edf l\u1ea1i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n li\u00ean ho\u00e0n x\u1ea3y ra sau \u0111\u00f3 khi c\u1ea3 h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1eabn L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tri\u1ec3n khai c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c. Kh\u00f4ng b\u00ean n\u00e0o ch\u1ecbu l\u00f9i b\u01b0\u1edbc. T\u1ed3i t\u1ec7 h\u01a1n, m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed5 qu\u00e2n chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef \u0111\u1ea3o Kuba Jima, ti\u1ebfp n\u1ed1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a. Cu\u1ed9c ch\u1ea1m tr\u00e1n nh\u1ecf \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c g\u1ecdi kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 r\u1eb1ng Tokyo hy v\u1ecdng M\u1ef9 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00f2ng th\u1ee7 chung M\u1ef9 - Nh\u1eadt \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i b\u1ea3y th\u1eadp ni\u00ean qua, cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c c\u1ea5p cao \u0111\u00e3 li\u00ean t\u1ee5c kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh cam k\u1ebft c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Senkaku*. Khi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o ng\u00e0y th\u1ee9 ba, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n An ninh Qu\u1ed1c gia ph\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh: Li\u1ec7u n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 n\u00ean ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng h\u1ebft l\u00f2ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, tri\u1ec3n khai s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n tr\u00ean khu v\u1ef1c qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o \u0111\u1ec3 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 binh l\u00ednh Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n d\u01b0\u1edbi \u0111\u1ea5t? Hay c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 gi\u1ea3i ph\u00e1p ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf n\u00e0o kh\u00e1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nh\u1eadt m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c n\u1ed5i gi\u1eadn v\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3, khi\u1ebfn cho \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n leo thang h\u01a1n n\u1eefa? T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh t\u00ecm c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi cho c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi th\u1ee9 hai, ra l\u1ec7nh cho nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay M\u1ef9 \u0111ang tr\u00fa \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tu\u1ea7n tra \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m b\u1eafn c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda di\u1ec7t t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t tr\u00ean \u0111\u1ea5t li\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c, \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u00e1y bay v\u00e0 t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m ph\u1ea3i ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ee7 g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n n\u1ebfu t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh x\u1ea5u \u0111i. T\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea5u \u0111i. S\u00e1ng h\u00f4m sau, m\u1ed9t khu tr\u1ee5c h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c va ch\u1ea1m v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t t\u00e0u \u0111\u00e1nh c\u00e1 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u00ean v\u00f9ng bi\u1ec3n t\u1ea5p n\u1eadp xung quanh Senkaku, v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean nhanh ch\u00f3ng ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh khi\u00eau kh\u00edch c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng. Cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadn h\u1ea3i chi\u1ebfn ng\u1eafn nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1eabm m\u00e1u khi thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, v\u00ec lo s\u1ee3 cho s\u1ef1 an to\u00e0n c\u1ee7a con t\u00e0u, \u0111\u00e3 b\u1eafn h\u1ea1 c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ea5u \u0111ang bay \u1edf \u0111\u1ed9 cao th\u1ea5p c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3, t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m c\u1ee7a v\u1ecb thuy\u1ec1n tr\u01b0\u1edfng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. C\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u ti\u1ebfn g\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ebfn b\u1edd v\u1ef1c chi\u1ebfn tranh \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y v\u00e0 ngay c\u1ea3 M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng v\u1eady, khi c\u00e1c t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf t\u01b0 th\u1ebf s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng b\u1eafn ch\u00ecm c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c, hay c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay tr\u00ean t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng xu\u1ea5t k\u00edch khi c\u00f3 m\u1ec7nh l\u1ec7nh. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u1edf th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m mang t\u00ednh b\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u1eb7t, tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ra quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ti\u1ebfp theo, m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n ngo\u00e0i d\u1ef1 t\u00ednh x\u1ea3y ra. M\u1ecdi li\u00ean https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u1ea1c gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n tr\u00ean v\u00e0 xung quanh Senkaku v\u1edbi s\u1edf ch\u1ec9 huy b\u1ecb c\u1eaft \u0111\u1ee9t. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ee7y ho\u1ea1i nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng ch\u1ec9 huy v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u khi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho Trung Qu\u1ed1c. K\u1ebb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u1ea3 Washington l\u1eabn B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n ch\u1ea7n ch\u1eeb v\u1ec1 vi\u1ec7c ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0m g\u00ec ti\u1ebfp theo. \u0110\u1ec3 ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh L\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Ph\u00f2ng v\u1ec7 Bi\u1ec3n Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n b\u1ecb ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n trong l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh li\u00ean l\u1ea1c, c\u00e1c t\u00e0u ng\u1ea7m M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e1nh ch\u00ecm ba chi\u1ebfn h\u1ea1m Trung Qu\u1ed1c ngo\u00e0i kh\u01a1i Senkaku b\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0 l\u00f4i. Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 n\u1ed5 ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ea1n kh\u01a1i m\u00e0o cho m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn ba b\u00ean. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, sau t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3, n\u1ebfu qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 b\u00ean ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng th\u00ec sao? L\u1ee1 nh\u01b0 cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch gi\u1ea3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00ednh to\u00e1n k\u1ef9 c\u00e0ng t\u1eeb ph\u00eda Nga, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau k\u00e9o M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eb1m \u0111\u00e1nh l\u1ea1c h\u01b0\u1edbng Washington kh\u1ecfi cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Nga li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 Ukraine? Cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi c\u00e1c c\u01a1 quan t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1ef1 th\u1eadt n\u00e0y, m\u1ecdi chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00e3 qu\u00e1 tr\u1ec5. Moscow \u0111\u00e3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea7y th\u00f4ng minh. T\u1eeb qu\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea3o Senkaku, khu v\u1ef1c x\u1ea3y ra chi\u1ebfn tranh lan r\u1ed9ng khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c t\u00e0u chi\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n t\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng n\u01a1i kh\u00e1c \u1edf Bi\u1ec3n Hoa \u0110\u00f4ng. Tokyo r\u1ea5t c\u1ea7n M\u1ef9 tri\u1ec3n khai nh\u00f3m t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn t\u00e0u s\u00e2n bay c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn. N\u1ebfu Washington \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n tr\u01b0\u1edbc, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua \u0111i\u1ec3m kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 quay \u0111\u1ea7u: m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng vi\u00ean ng\u1ecdc c\u1ee7a h\u1ea3i qu\u00e2n M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y v\u00e0 t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng ai c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t tr\u00ean t\u00e0u \u0111\u1ec1u thi\u1ec7t m\u1ea1ng. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0 th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda khi\u1ebfn cho ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng tr\u00ean di\u1ec7n r\u1ed9ng ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n \u1edf Th\u00e1i B\u00ecnh D\u01b0\u01a1ng. S\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","M\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ea3 bom n\u1ed5 ch\u1eadm. \u1ede b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0o, ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Kim Jong-un \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n, \u0111e d\u1ecda l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n c\u1ee7a H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. M\u1ed7i n\u0103m qua \u0111i, khi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u00f2n n\u1eafm gi\u1eef quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n. B\u00ecnh Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u0111ang s\u1edf h\u1eefu kho\u1ea3ng 20 \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n v\u00e0 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 100 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2020. Trong c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m, ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh t\u00ean l\u1eeda c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 nhanh ch\u00f3ng \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00f3ng c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n t\u1edbi c\u00e1c m\u1ee5c ti\u00eau \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n, c\u00e1c c\u0103n c\u1ee9 qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 M\u1ef9 \u1edf Guam v\u00e0 Okinawa, hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed l\u00e0 Hawaii. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia M\u1ef9, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u1eb1n ranh \u0111\u1ecf m\u00e0 B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean kh\u00f4ng bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c chinh ph\u1ee5c mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc v\u00e0 \u0111\u1eb7t binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn \u1edf hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i, c\u0169ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 n\u0103m 1950. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, n\u1ebfu ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 B\u00ecnh Nh\u01b0\u1ee1ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, s\u1ebd r\u1ea5t kh\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c v\u1eabn c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb n\u1ebfu v\u1ecb n\u00e0y t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i \u0111\u01b0a qu\u00e2n b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch chi\u1ebfn tranh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 trong hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 s\u1ebd k\u00eau g\u1ecdi l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c ti\u1ebfn l\u00ean mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc \u0111\u1ec3 b\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng l\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t hai mi\u1ec1n. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u1ea3o lu\u1eadn trong m\u1ed9t kho\u1ea3ng th\u1eddi gian d\u00e0i \u1edf c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i tho\u1ea1i \u201cK\u00eanh II\u201d gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c c\u1ef1u quan ch\u1ee9c M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c, nh\u01b0ng c\u1ea3 hai ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 ch\u01b0a t\u1eebng xem x\u00e9t nghi\u00eam t\u00fac nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eb1m gi\u1ea3m thi\u1ec3u r\u1ee7i ro t\u1eeb c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch kh\u1ea9n c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed1i ngh\u1ecbch nhau, khi c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u01a1i v\u00e0o t\u00ecnh hu\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t t\u00e1 c\u00e1c h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh, b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u1eb1ng s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean. C\u00f3 ba h\u01b0\u1edbng \u0111i th\u1ecfa m\u00e3n m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y. \u0110\u1ea7u ti\u00ean, n\u1ebfu Kim Jong-un qua \u0111\u1eddi m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi th\u1eeba k\u1ebf r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, c\u00e1c phe ph\u00e1i trong qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tranh gi\u00e0nh quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c, l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea9y \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc v\u00e0o c\u1ea3nh h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n. Trong kho\u1ea3ng tr\u1ed1ng quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t h\u00e0ng ngh\u00ecn https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o d\u1ecdc theo bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed5 l\u1ed7i cho Seoul v\u1ec1 c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Kim Jong-il v\u00e0 \u0111e d\u1ecda h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t th\u00e0nh ph\u1ed1, v\u1ed1n ch\u1ec9 c\u00e1ch bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi 30 d\u1eb7m. Lo s\u1ee3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u1ec9 huy s\u1ebd n\u00f3i l\u00e0 l\u00e0m, c\u00e1c m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u nh\u1eb1m ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c kh\u1ea9u ph\u00e1o n\u1eb1m d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng ta. Trong khi \u0111\u00f3, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 e ng\u1ea1i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng b\u1eafn ph\u00e1 Seoul c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb ch\u1ec9 huy B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u0111ang tuy\u1ec7t v\u1ecdng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o th\u00e0nh c\u00e1i c\u1edb \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng M\u1ef9 - H\u00e0n ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh x\u00e2m l\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a Seoul. Washington kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng, m\u1ed9t B\u1eafc Kinh \u0111ang lo l\u1eafng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh s\u1ebd ki\u1ec1m ch\u1ebf B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c tri\u1ec3n khai l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t t\u1edbi khu v\u1ef1c - n\u01a1i m\u00e0 h\u1ecd c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 b\u1ecb gi\u1ebft b\u1edfi c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch nh\u1eb1m v\u00e0o l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. V\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft c\u00e1c binh l\u00ednh Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng v\u00e0 l\u00e0m cho c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng leo thang. C\u00e1c t\u00ean l\u1eeda t\u1ea7m trung ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng tinh vi c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 l\u00e0 t\u00e1c nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t chu\u1ed7i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng th\u1ee9 hai. Khi B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean r\u01a1i v\u00e0o h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n sau c\u00e1i ch\u1ebft c\u1ee7a Kim Jong-il, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd c\u1ed1 h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec3 ph\u00e1 h\u1ee7y c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng v\u0169 kh\u00ed c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng mang theo \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u1ea1n h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c, Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n hay l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 M\u1ef9 \u1edf Guam. B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p C\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 t\u1eeb l\u00e2u \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 v\u00e0 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hu\u1ea5n luy\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ed9t nh\u1eadp mi\u1ec1n B\u1eafc nh\u1eb1m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u00e1c c\u01a1 s\u1edf v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi c\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 huy x\u1ea5u xa c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e9n l\u00fat b\u00e1n \u0111i c\u00e1c v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0y tr\u00ean ch\u1ee3 v\u0169 kh\u00ed qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, b\u1edfi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecba \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ea5t gi\u1ea5u lo\u1ea1i v\u0169 kh\u00ed n\u00e0y \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 n\u1eb1m g\u1ea7n bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, r\u1ea5t c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng khi binh l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 t\u1edbi n\u01a1i, h\u1ecd s\u1ebd th\u1ea5y l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 m\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0111\u00f3. Nh\u01b0 c\u1ef1u ch\u1ec9 huy c\u1ee7a B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy H\u1ed7n h\u1ee3p C\u00e1c Chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 T\u01b0\u1edbng Raymond Thomas \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o, c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an to\u00e0n cho kho v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn \u201c\u0111i\u1ec3m giao c\u1eaft\u201d gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 - H\u00e0n. C\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia, v\u00ec kh\u00f4ng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ecb tr\u00ed c\u1ee7a nhau, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn th\u01b0\u01a1ng vong. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 nh\u1eefng k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 ki\u1ec3u n\u00e0y tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf thi\u00ean v\u1ec1 tai n\u1ea1n, nh\u01b0ng m\u1ed7i b\u00ean c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 nh\u1eadn https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng ph\u1ee5c k\u00edch c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 \u00fd c\u1ee7a b\u00ean c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i v\u00e0 c\u1ea3m th\u1ea5y c\u00f3 ngh\u0129a v\u1ee5 ph\u1ea3i tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a. Th\u1ee9 ba, lo s\u1ee3 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, Trung Qu\u1ed1c c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tri\u1ec3n khai m\u1ed9t l\u01b0\u1ee3ng l\u1edbn binh l\u00ednh t\u1edbi B\u1eafc Tri\u1ec1u Ti\u00ean \u0111\u1ec3 \u1ed5n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ec7m gi\u1eefa Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed3ng minh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c. D\u01b0\u1edbi \u00e1p l\u1ef1c m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd t\u1eeb ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i ph\u00f3ng b\u1eb1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c nh\u1eefng ai \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i s\u1ed1ng d\u01b0\u1edbi ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 h\u00e0 kh\u1eafc nh\u1ea5t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi, ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c c\u0169ng c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng tri\u1ec3n khai binh l\u00ednh h\u01b0\u1edbng l\u00ean ph\u00eda B\u1eafc. V\u00ec binh l\u00ednh v\u00e0 m\u00e1y bay M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00f3ng \u1edf H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00edch h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi binh l\u00ednh H\u00e0n Qu\u1ed1c trong c\u00e1c k\u1ebf ho\u1ea1ch t\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1, l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c s\u1ebd c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng giao chi\u1ebfn tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi nhau nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1950. Ch\u1eafc c\u00f3 l\u1ebd ch\u00fang t\u00f4i c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n ph\u1ea3i nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf \u0111\u1ed9c gi\u1ea3 cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 x\u1ea3y ra nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o. T\u1eeb xung \u0111\u1ed9t kinh t\u1ebf t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 Li\u1ec7u xung \u0111\u1ed9t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 leo thang tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh n\u00f3ng k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t trong l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed1i ph\u01b0\u01a1ng kh\u00f4ng? R\u1ea5t \u00edt kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, nh\u01b0ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ebf: h\u00e3y nh\u1edb t\u1edbi Tr\u00e2n Ch\u00e2u C\u1ea3ng. H\u00e3y t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh quy\u1ec1n M\u1ef9 khi nh\u1eadm ch\u1ee9c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u1ea3o ng\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng \u0111ang gi\u00fap n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf n\u00ean l\u1edbn h\u01a1n n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9. Nh\u00f3m kinh t\u1ebf c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng M\u1ef9 tr\u00ecnh b\u00e0y v\u1edbi \u00f4ng m\u1ed9t b\u1ea3n ph\u00e2n t\u00edch nh\u1eadn di\u1ec7n th\u1ee7 ph\u1ea1m ch\u00ednh: s\u1ef1 gian d\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c - li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi c\u00e1c hi\u1ec7p \u0111\u1ecbnh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7, s\u1edf h\u1eefu tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7, tr\u1ee3 c\u1ea5p c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p v\u00e0 c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u r\u1ebb m\u1ed9t c\u00e1ch gi\u1ea3 t\u1ea1o. \u0110\u1ec3 l\u00e0m s\u00e2n ch\u01a1i tr\u1edf n\u00ean c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng ra l\u1ec7nh cho B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh li\u1ec7t Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00e0o h\u00e0ng nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u201cthao t\u00fang ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7\u201d, qua \u0111\u00f3 y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Washington x\u00fac ti\u1ebfn \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c. Trong khi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u0103ng tr\u00ean Twitter r\u1eb1ng th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i song ph\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u00e3 gia t\u0103ng h\u01a1n 250% k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Trung Qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea7n \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gia nh\u1eadp WTO v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2001 v\u00e0 \u0111ang \u1edf m\u1ee9c 345 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la hi\u1ec7n nay. Trong m\u1ed9t bu\u1ed5i h\u1ecdp b\u00e1o sau https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u00f3 ngay trong ng\u00e0y, \u00f4ng c\u00f4ng b\u1ed1 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng C\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n Kinh t\u1ebf cho th\u1ea5y trong su\u1ed1t 15 n\u0103m qua, th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 l\u00ean t\u1edbi 3,86 ngh\u00ecn t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la. \u201c\u0110\u00e3 \u0111\u1ebfn l\u00fac kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 thay \u0111\u1ed5i, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n ph\u1ea3i \u2018ho\u00e0n v\u1ed1n\u2019,\u201d \u00f4ng n\u00f3i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u01b0a ra l\u1eddi h\u1ee9a tri\u1ec7t ti\u00eau ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n th\u1eb7ng d\u01b0 trong v\u00f2ng hai n\u0103m. Khi \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c quan ch\u1ee9c B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh th\u1ea5t b\u1ea1i, B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh M\u1ef9 nh\u1eafc nh\u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ed3ng c\u1ea5p Trung Qu\u1ed1c r\u1eb1ng D\u1ef1 lu\u1eadt Th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u0103m 1930 c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 cho ph\u00e9p T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t h\u00ecnh ph\u1ea1t l\u00ean t\u1edbi 50% v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn t\u1eeb nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia \u201cph\u00e2n bi\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ed1i x\u1eed\u201d v\u1edbi M\u1ef9. Trung Qu\u1ed1c ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi \u0111e d\u1ecda n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd ng\u01b0ng can thi\u1ec7p v\u00e0o th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7. Tuy nhi\u00ean, v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Trung Qu\u1ed1c lu\u00f4n mua v\u00e0o \u0111\u1ed3ng nh\u00e2n d\u00e2n t\u1ec7, vi\u1ec7c ng\u1eebng can thi\u1ec7p khi\u1ebfn gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n n\u00e0y suy gi\u1ea3m m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd, v\u00e0 do \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e0ng khi\u1ebfn h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a M\u1ef9 b\u00e1n \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u1eb7p nhi\u1ec1u b\u1ea5t l\u1ee3i h\u01a1n. C\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, h\u1ea3i quan Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u tr\u00ec ho\u00e3n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh nh\u1eadp kh\u1ea9u m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ecdn l\u1ecdc t\u1eeb M\u1ef9 \u1edf khu v\u1ef1c bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi, tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 kh\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c kh\u00e2u ki\u1ec3m d\u1ecbch - \u00e9p bu\u1ed9c M\u1ef9 ho\u1eb7c l\u00e0 v\u1eadn chuy\u1ec3n l\u1ea1i s\u1ed1 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a n\u00e0y v\u1ec1 n\u01b0\u1edbc, ho\u1eb7c \u0111\u1ec3 ch\u00fang b\u1ecb h\u01b0 h\u1ea1i d\u1ea7n d\u1ea7n \u1edf c\u1ea3ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 m\u00e1y M\u1ef9 \u1edf Trung Qu\u1ed1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u g\u1eb7p ph\u1ea3i t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t b\u1ecb \u0111\u00ecnh tr\u1ec7 v\u00e0 xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 cu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i mang t\u00ednh t\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t. B\u1eafc Kinh c\u0169ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1n m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n trong t\u1ed5ng s\u1ed1 h\u01a1n 1.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu kho b\u1ea1c M\u1ef9 m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y \u0111ang n\u1eafm gi\u1eef, g\u00e2y ra t\u00ecnh tr\u1ea1ng h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu v\u00e0 khi\u1ebfn l\u00e3i su\u1ea5t gia t\u0103ng. C\u00e1c th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00ean to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng khi nh\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u b\u00e1n ra ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n M\u1ef9. C\u00e1c ch\u1ec9 s\u1ed1 ch\u00ednh gi\u1ea3m s\u00e2u \u0111\u1ed9t ng\u1ed9t v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u00e1i phi\u1ebfu b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5. M\u1eb7c cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng r\u1ed1i lo\u1ea1n, Washington v\u1eabn ki\u00ean tr\u00ec \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u00ean m\u1eb7t tr\u1eadn th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u201cth\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n th\u00e2m h\u1ee5t\u201d. \u0110\u1ec3 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng \u0111\u01b0a ra hai b\u00e1o c\u00e1o m\u00e0 b\u00e1o ch\u00ed g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 \u201chai qu\u1ea3 bom kinh t\u1ebf\u201d. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean t\u1eeb Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c C\u01a1 quan T\u00ecnh b\u00e1o Qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00eau chi ti\u1ebft chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c nh\u1eb1m th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p b\u00e1n d\u1eabn b\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng nh\u01b0 mua l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","ty M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, c\u1ea5p b\u1eb1ng s\u00e1ng ch\u1ebf cho c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, \u0111\u1ea7u t\u01b0 v\u00e0o c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty kh\u1edfi nghi\u1ec7p \u1edf Thung l\u0169ng Silicon v\u00e0 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp c\u00e1c m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 tr\u00ean th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t. Trong m\u1ed7i m\u1ed9t h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng tr\u00ean, Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 t\u00ecm ra nh\u1eefng ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p nh\u1eb1m n\u00e9 tr\u00e1nh \u1ee6y ban \u0110\u1ea7u t\u01b0 N\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, m\u1ed9t \u1ee7y ban li\u00ean c\u01a1 quan b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia M\u1ef9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c can thi\u1ec7p kinh t\u1ebf t\u1eeb b\u00ean ngo\u00e0i. B\u00e1o c\u00e1o th\u1ee9 hai l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t b\u00e1o c\u00e1o t\u1eeb B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u1ec1 h\u00e0nh vi tr\u1ed9m c\u1eafp kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1ng quy m\u00f4 l\u1edbn c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. D\u1ef1a tr\u00ean d\u1eef li\u1ec7u t\u00ecnh b\u00e1o M\u1ef9, b\u1ea3n b\u00e1o c\u00e1o ph\u00e2n t\u00edch gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 \u0111\u00e3 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp v\u00e0o kho\u1ea3ng 1.230 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng y\u00eau c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7. \u00d4ng tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 r\u1eb1ng cho \u0111\u1ebfn khi kho\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ec1n b\u00f9 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c tr\u1ea3 h\u1ebft, M\u1ef9 s\u1ebd \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1ebf quan l\u00ean c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ty Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng t\u00e0i s\u1ea3n tr\u00ed tu\u1ec7 b\u1ecb \u0111\u00e1nh c\u1eafp, bao g\u1ed3m c\u00f4ng ty vi\u1ec5n th\u00f4ng Huawei v\u00e0 nh\u00e0 s\u1ea3n xu\u1ea5t thi\u1ebft b\u1ecb Midea. Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1ebf quan l\u00ean gi\u00e1 tr\u1ecb h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Trong l\u00fac c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc leo thang, th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh M\u1ef9 b\u1ecb \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng b\u1edfi m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1t nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 ki\u1ec7n \u201cs\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u1edbp nho\u00e1ng\u201d v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2010 khi c\u00e1c giao d\u1ecbch t\u1ea7n su\u1ea5t cao khi\u1ebfn cho th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ee9ng kho\u00e1n m\u1ea5t \u0111i 1.000 t\u1ef7 \u0111\u00f4 la ch\u1ec9 trong v\u00f2ng n\u1eeda ti\u1ebfng \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3 (d\u00f9 sau \u0111\u00f3 th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng nhanh ch\u00f3ng h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c l\u1ea1i). Tuy nhi\u00ean, kh\u00f4ng gi\u1ed1ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n l\u1ebb n\u0103m 2010, nh\u1eefng l\u1ed7i tr\u1ef1c tuy\u1ebfn theo ki\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 l\u1ea1i k\u00e9o d\u00e0i l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i trong v\u00f2ng m\u1ed9t tu\u1ea7n l\u1ec5, v\u00e0 d\u00f9 c\u1ee9 sau m\u1ed7i tr\u1ee5c tr\u1eb7c nh\u01b0 v\u1eady th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng l\u1ea1i h\u1ed3i ph\u1ee5c, nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ea7y \u0111\u1ee7 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec \u0111\u00e3 m\u1ea5t. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh \u0111i\u1ec1u tra nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n, FBI ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e0i \u0111\u1eb7t v\u00e0o trong c\u00e1c h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh quan tr\u1ecdng. Trong khi c\u00e1c d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u s\u1ed1 h\u00f3a h\u01b0\u1edbng m\u0169i d\u00f9i v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda Trung Qu\u1ed1c, c\u00e1c \u0111\u1eb7c v\u1ee5 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 b\u1ecf qua kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1o danh. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tra k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn r\u1eb1ng n\u1ebfu ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t, thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n trong kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng d\u1ecbch v\u1ee5 b\u1ecb t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i t\u1ea1m th\u1eddi, m\u00e0 to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 ghi ch\u00e9p giao d\u1ecbch c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 c\u00e1c t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng r\u1eb1ng nh\u1eefng tin \u0111\u1ed3n li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m d\u1ea5y l\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u h\u1ecfi v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 g\u00e2y ra s\u1ef1 ho\u1ea3ng lo\u1ea1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng, \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y g\u1ee3i l\u00ean nh\u1eefng k\u00fd \u1ee9c v\u1ec1 n\u0103m 2008, khi M\u1ef9 ph\u1ea3i b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh cho ng\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng nghi\u1ec7p t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh v\u00ec ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 lo s\u1ee3 s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 ch\u1ed1t c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 g\u00e2y ra hi\u1ec7u \u1ee9ng lan t\u1ecfa, d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 c\u1ee7a to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng. Trong khi Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng \u0111ang trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u00e2n nh\u1eafc, c\u00e1c tin t\u1eb7c n\u01b0\u1edbc ngo\u00e0i k\u00edch ho\u1ea1t ph\u1ea7n m\u1ec1m \u0111\u1ed9c h\u1ea1i b\u00ean trong m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a ba ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng l\u1edbn nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9. H\u1eadu qu\u1ea3 th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 khi\u1ebfn ng\u01b0\u1eddi ta s\u1ed1c v\u00e0 b\u00e0ng ho\u00e0ng: th\u00f4ng tin t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m ngh\u00ecn kh\u00e1ch h\u00e0ng b\u1ecb x\u00f3a v\u0129nh vi\u1ec5n. Nhanh ch\u00f3ng l\u00ean m\u1ea1ng \u0111\u1ec3 ki\u1ec3m tra t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n, h\u1ecd ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n ra r\u1eb1ng to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 t\u00e0i kho\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn m\u1ea5t - v\u00e0 tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, khi\u1ebfn h\u1ecd ph\u00e1 s\u1ea3n. Nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd h\u00e2m n\u00f3ng m\u1ea1ng x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c k\u00eanh truy\u1ec1n h\u00ecnh. Lo s\u1ee3 b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n m\u00ecnh s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ea1n nh\u00e2n ti\u1ebfp theo, h\u00e0ng tri\u1ec7u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng r\u00fat h\u1ebft c\u00e1c kho\u1ea3n ti\u1ec1n ti\u1ebft ki\u1ec7m m\u00e0 h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 d\u00e0nh d\u1ee5m c\u1ea3 \u0111\u1eddi ra kh\u1ecfi ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ef9 t\u01b0\u01a1ng h\u1ed7. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y khi\u1ebfn c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ebf t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh ch\u01b0a b\u1ecb t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u0169ng tr\u1edf n\u00ean t\u00ea li\u1ec7t. T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng v\u00e0 c\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u suy ngh\u0129 v\u1ec1 nh\u1eefng vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c t\u1ed3i t\u1ec7, m\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi nh\u1edb l\u1ea1i l\u1eddi c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ef1u ch\u1ee7 t\u1ecbch C\u1ee5c D\u1ef1 tr\u1eef Li\u00ean bang Ben Bernanke v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2008: h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng mang t\u00ednh quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u1ea3i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh ngay l\u1eadp t\u1ee9c, \u201cn\u1ebfu kh\u00f4ng ch\u00fang ta s\u1ebd m\u1ea5t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ed1 v\u00e0o th\u1ee9 Hai\u201d. Nh\u1eb1m ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn binh m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c g\u00e2y th\u00eam thi\u1ec7t h\u1ea1i, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh ph\u00e1t \u0111\u1ed9ng m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng m\u1ea1ng nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o ngu\u1ed3n g\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 g\u00e2y ra h\u1ed7n lo\u1ea1n \u1edf M\u1ef9. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng m\u1eb7c cho B\u1ed9 Ch\u1ec9 huy M\u1ea1ng \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng h\u1ebft s\u1ee9c, cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n, trong khi c\u00e0ng ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng nhi\u1ec1u t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh b\u1ecb th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp. C\u00e1c c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 c\u1ee7a T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh kh\u00f4ng k\u00edch nh\u1eb1m m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch ti\u00eau di\u1ec7t to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 v\u1ecb tr\u00ed \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c bi\u1ebft t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c \u0111\u01a1n v\u1ecb chi\u1ebfn tranh m\u1ea1ng Trung Qu\u1ed1c. V\u1edbi hy v\u1ecdng s\u1ebd tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi Trung Qu\u1ed1c, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng n\u0103ng l\u1ef1c b\u00ed m\u1eadt c\u1ee7a L\u1ea7u N\u0103m G\u00f3c. \u00d4ng ra https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","l\u1ec7nh cho qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i ch\u01b0a bao gi\u1edd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebft l\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00e2y nh\u1eb1m t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng t\u1ed5ng h\u00e0nh dinh c\u1ee7a \u0110\u01a1n v\u1ecb 61398 thu\u1ed9c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u1edf Th\u01b0\u1ee3ng H\u1ea3i - n\u01a1i t\u1eadp h\u1ee3p c\u00e1c chi\u1ebfn binh m\u1ea1ng gi\u1ecfi nh\u1ea5t Trung Qu\u1ed1c. C\u00f2n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 t\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh, lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i n\u00e0y s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 c\u00f3 t\u00ean l\u00e0 \u201cng\u1ee5y trang th\u00edch \u1ee9ng\u201d \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 thi\u1ebft k\u1ebf so s\u00e1nh v\u1edbi chi\u1ebfc \u00e1o kho\u00e1c t\u00e0ng h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a Harry Potter, v\u1edbi kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng h\u00f2a nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u00f4i tr\u01b0\u1eddng xung quanh. B\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn n\u00e0y, M\u1ef9 mu\u1ed1n t\u1ea1o ra kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng \u201ct\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i h\u1ee3p l\u00fd\u201d. Nh\u01b0ng h\u00f3a ra \u0111\u00e2y l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t hy v\u1ecdng sai l\u1ea7m. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi Trung Qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o m\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi m\u00e1y t\u00ednh c\u1ee7a qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i M\u1ef9 tri\u1ec7t \u0111\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c h\u1ecd kh\u00f4ng nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c v\u1ec1 lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay kh\u00f4ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1i v\u00f4 h\u00ecnh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n bi\u1ebft \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tri\u1ec3n khai lo\u1ea1i m\u00e1y bay n\u00e0y t\u1edbi c\u0103n c\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng qu\u00e2n Kadena \u1edf Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n. X\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng M\u1ef9 ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 b\u00ean t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng, B\u1eafc Kinh tr\u1ea3 \u0111\u0169a b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c v\u1ee5 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng b\u1eb1ng t\u00ean l\u1eeda nh\u1eafm v\u00e0o Kadena, gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft nhi\u1ec1u l\u00ednh M\u1ef9 (v\u00e0 th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean gia \u0111\u00ecnh h\u1ecd) c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u00e0ng tr\u0103m d\u00e2n th\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111ang sinh s\u1ed1ng \u1edf c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c xung quanh. C\u00f4ng ch\u00fang Nh\u1eadt B\u1ea3n y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd r\u1eb1ng ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh - c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng minh M\u1ef9 - ph\u1ea3i c\u00f3 c\u00e2u tr\u1ea3 l\u1eddi tr\u01b0\u1edbc cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1o tr\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c. M\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn th\u1eadt s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng s\u1ef1 vi\u1ec7c x\u1ea3y ra ngo\u00e0i t\u1ea7m ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 Washington v\u00e0 B\u1eafc Kinh. Chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c kh\u00f4ng ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 x\u1ea3y ra. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng k\u1ecbch b\u1ea3n tr\u00ean \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3, s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady \u0111\u1ea7y r\u1eafc r\u1ed1i c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u00e1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. \u00c1p l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n n\u00e0y b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n n\u00f3 l\u1ea1i t\u1ea1o ra nh\u1eefng \u0111i\u1ec1u ki\u1ec7n m\u00e0 qua \u0111\u00f3, ch\u1ec9 c\u1ea7n nh\u1eefng tai n\u1ea1n nh\u1ecf th\u00f4i c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m b\u00f9ng n\u1ed5 m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n. B\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01b0a ra nh\u1eefng l\u1ef1a ch\u1ecdn nh\u1eb1m ph\u1ea3n \u1ee9ng l\u1ea1i c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh vi ch\u00e8n \u00e9p, \u0111\u00e1p \u1ee9ng c\u00e1c cam k\u1ebft hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e2u n\u0103m, hay y\u00eau c\u1ea7u m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng m\u00e0 qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e1ng \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u01b0\u1edfng, c\u00e1c nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 r\u01a1i v\u00e0o m\u1ed9t c\u00e1i b\u1eaby m\u00e0 h\u1ecd bi\u1ebft r\u1eb1ng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i nh\u01b0ng v\u1eabn tin l\u00e0 m\u00ecnh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 tr\u00e1nh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n kh\u00f4ng ng\u1eebng ngh\u1ec9 c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 m\u1edbi - t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1ng v\u1ec7 tinh, https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","v\u0169 kh\u00ed m\u1ea1ng cho t\u1edbi c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n n\u1eb1m trong v\u00f2ng b\u00ed \u1ea9n - s\u1ebd gia t\u0103ng g\u1ea5p b\u1ed9i nh\u1eefng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng ch\u01b0a ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hi\u1ec3u r\u00f5 tr\u01b0\u1edbc khi ch\u00fang \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng trong m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Theo xu th\u1ebf hi\u1ec7n nay, m\u1ed9t cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn gi\u1eefa M\u1ef9 v\u00e0 Trung Qu\u1ed1c trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean t\u1edbi kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n h\u01a1n c\u1ea3 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","T\u1ea0I SAO CHI\u1ebeN TRANH KH\u00d4NG PH\u1ea2I \u0110I\u1ec0U T\u1ea4T Y\u1ebeU https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","09 12 B\u00c0I H\u1eccC V\u1ec0 H\u00d2A B\u00ccNH Chi\u1ebfn tranh l\u00e0 x\u1ea5u xa. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ec7nh \u0111\u1ec1 quen thu\u1ed9c v\u1edbi m\u1ecdi ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ebfn m\u1ee9c nh\u00e0m ch\u00e1n. Kh\u00f4ng ai b\u1ecb bu\u1ed9c ph\u1ea3i tham gia chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u00ec thi\u1ebfu hi\u1ec3u bi\u1ebft, hay tr\u00e1nh xa n\u00f3 v\u00ec s\u1ee3 h\u00e3i. N\u1ebfu c\u1ea3 hai t\u00ecnh c\u1edd xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n trong m\u1ed9t th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m sai l\u1ea7m, l\u1eddi khuy\u00ean h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 \u00edch. \u0110i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y, n\u1ebfu ch\u00fang ta ch\u1ecbu t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm, ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 th\u1ee9 m\u00e0 ch\u00fang ta c\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t trong t\u00ecnh h\u00ecnh hi\u1ec7n nay. Thucydides, Hermocrates ph\u00e1t bi\u1ec3u tr\u01b0\u1edbc ng\u01b0\u1eddi d\u00e2n Sicilia, n\u0103m 424 TCN. May m\u1eafn thay, tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi B\u1eaby Thucydides kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i ch\u1ec9 l\u00e0 c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft. L\u1ecbch s\u1eed 500 n\u0103m v\u1eeba qua cho ch\u00fang ta \u00edt nh\u1ea5t b\u1ed1n tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p m\u00e0 trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00e1c c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c \u0111ang tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady v\u00e0 th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng trong vi\u1ec7c l\u00e8o l\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111i xuy\u00ean qua nh\u1eefng b\u00e3i c\u1ea1n \u0111\u1ea7y nguy hi\u1ec3m m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 chi\u1ebfn tranh x\u1ea3y ra. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean x\u1ea3y ra v\u00e0o cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVI, khi T\u00e2y Ban Nha tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady th\u00e1ch th\u1ee9c v\u00e0 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng thay th\u1ebf B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c bi\u1ec3n th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi. Tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p g\u1ea7n nh\u1ea5t l\u00e0 s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c t\u1ea1i ch\u00e2u \u00c2u k\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh k\u1ebft th\u00fac. Hai tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p c\u00f3 t\u00ednh tham kh\u1ea3o cao nh\u1ea5t trong s\u1ed1 nh\u1eefng c\u00e2u chuy\u1ec7n l\u1ea1c quan n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u t\u1edbi t\u1eeb th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX: \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean l\u00e0 khi M\u1ef9 thay th\u1ebf Anh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c h\u00e0ng \u0111\u1ea7u th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi; v\u00e0 hai l\u00e0 khi m\u1ed9t Li\u00ean X\u00f4 \u0111ang tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u1ecb th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a si\u00eau c\u01b0\u1eddng \u0111\u01a1n c\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 khi \u0111\u00f3. C\u00f9ng v\u1edbi nhau, nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y cung c\u1ea5p nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd phong ph\u00fa cho c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o, nh\u1eefng ai mong mu\u1ed1n bi\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a Trung Qu\u1ed1c tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9 n\u0103m kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha Cu\u1ed1i th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV H\u1ea7u nh\u01b0 trong to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, h\u1ea1m \u0111\u1ed9i B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i tr\u00ean bi\u1ec3n, l\u00e0m lu m\u1edd ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 c\u0169ng l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 tr\u00ean b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Iberia, V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Castile c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi T\u00e2y Ban Nha. Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n l\u1ecbch s\u1eed c\u1ee7a qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y. N\u0103m 1249, d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha l\u00e0 d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean tho\u00e1t kh\u1ecfi s\u1ef1 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u1ed3i gi\u00e1o, h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 bi\u00ean gi\u1edbi g\u1ea7n t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha hi\u1ec7n nay. Sau \u0111\u00f3, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1348, C\u00e1i ch\u1ebft \u0110en \u0111\u00e3 gi\u1ebft ch\u1ebft 1\/3 d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc, v\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f2n \u0111\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u1ec3 l\u00e0m vi\u1ec7c tr\u00ean nh\u1eefng c\u00e1nh \u0111\u1ed3ng \u0111\u1ea7y s\u1ecfi \u0111\u00e1*. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha d\u00e1m ngh\u0129 d\u00e1m l\u00e0m cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng ph\u1ea3i h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng, tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0 d\u00e2n th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng v\u00e0 c\u00f3 k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng nh\u1ea5t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. S\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh bi\u1ec3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc gia t\u0103ng h\u01a1n n\u1eefa sau n\u0103m 1415, khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, g\u1ea7n eo Gibraltar. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m l\u00e0m gi\u00e0u cho qu\u1ed1c gia c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 cho ngai v\u00e0ng, v\u1ecb ho\u00e0ng t\u1eed v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i Henry \u201cNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i\u201d \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 vi\u1ec7c ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n c\u00e1c c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7 \u0111i bi\u1ec3n m\u1edbi, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o m\u1ed9t lo\u1ea1i thuy\u1ec1n bu\u1ed3m c\u00f3 t\u1ed1c \u0111\u1ed9 di chuy\u1ec3n cao v\u00e0 nhanh nh\u1eb9n (thuy\u1ec1n caravel), c\u1ea3i thi\u1ec7n d\u00e2y c\u1ed9t bu\u1ed3m v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra c\u00e1c lo\u1ea1i b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3 chi ti\u1ebft. Ti\u00ean phong trong l\u0129nh v\u1ef1c khoa h\u1ecdc h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 c\u00f3 t\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed9ng to l\u1edbn, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha v\u1ec1 c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n \u201c\u0111\u00e3 kh\u1edfi \u0111\u1ed9ng phong tr\u00e0o khai ph\u00e1 \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u\u201d. N\u0103m 1488, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 ng\u01b0\u1eddi B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha l\u00e0 nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean \u0111i v\u00f2ng qua m\u0169i H\u1ea3o V\u1ecdng trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i v\u00e0 ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh bu\u00f4n b\u00e1n c\u00e1c m\u1eb7t h\u00e0ng gia v\u1ecb \u0111\u1ea7y l\u1ee3i nhu\u1eadn v\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha r\u1ea3nh tay trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp \u0111\u1ecba v\u1ecb th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh b\u1edfi V\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c Castile \u0111ang ph\u1ea3i b\u1eadn t\u00e2m t\u1edbi c\u00e1c xung \u0111\u1ed9t n\u1ed9i b\u1ed9. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng \u0111i\u1ec1u \u0111\u00f3 \u0111\u00e3 thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1469 v\u1edbi l\u1ec5 th\u00e0nh h\u00f4n c\u1ee7a Isabella x\u1ee9 Castile, khi \u0111\u00f3 m\u1edbi 18 tu\u1ed5i, v\u00e0 Ferdinand x\u1ee9 Aragon, 17 tu\u1ed5i, qua \u0111\u00f3 ch\u00ednh th\u1ee9c s\u00e1p nh\u1eadp hai v\u01b0\u01a1ng qu\u1ed1c l\u1ea1i v\u1edbi nhau th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc T\u00e2y Ban Nha th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. C\u00f9ng nhau, h\u1ecd \u0111\u00e3 gi\u00e0nh l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u1ea7n l\u00e3nh https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","th\u1ed5 \u0111ang b\u1ecb ng\u01b0\u1eddi Moors chi\u1ebfm gi\u1eef, t\u00e1i chi\u1ebfm Granada v\u00e0 v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1492 - c\u00f9ng th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m h\u1ecd t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho chuy\u1ebfn h\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t th\u1ee7y th\u1ee7 ng\u01b0\u1eddi Genoa c\u00f3 t\u00ean Christopher Columbus - ho\u00e0n th\u00e0nh vi\u1ec7c tr\u1ee5c xu\u1ea5t ng\u01b0\u1eddi Moors ra kh\u1ecfi b\u00e1n \u0111\u1ea3o Iberia. Khi c\u00e1c v\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0111\u1ed1i n\u1ed9i \u0111\u00e3 \u0111i v\u00e0o n\u1ec1n n\u1ebfp, n\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf T\u00e2y Ban Nha b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n. L\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c c\u1ee7a ho\u00e0ng gia gia t\u0103ng 30 l\u1ea7n t\u1eeb 1474 cho t\u1edbi 1504. Tr\u1edf n\u00ean gi\u00e0u c\u00f3, m\u1ed9t T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111ang tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y b\u1edfi tham v\u1ecdng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm th\u00eam v\u00e0ng, gia v\u1ecb v\u00e0 nh\u1eefng m\u1ed1i quan h\u1ec7 th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i xuy\u00ean \u0111\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1edbi - t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. Th\u1eddi kh\u1eafc tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 t\u00ecnh c\u1edd. V\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c Henry \u201cNh\u00e0 h\u00e0ng h\u1ea3i\u201d qua \u0111\u1eddi n\u0103m 1460, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c ho\u1ea1t \u0111\u1ed9ng s\u00e1ng t\u1ea1o \u1edf B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha suy gi\u1ea3m, c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u00f3 l\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh b\u00e3i b\u1ecf l\u1ec7nh c\u1ea5m xu\u1ea5t kh\u1ea9u c\u00e1c k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u00f3ng t\u00e0u v\u00e0 l\u00e0m b\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed3. \u0110\u1ebfn th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1480, c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c b\u1eaft \u0111\u1ea7u t\u1eadn d\u1ee5ng nh\u1eefng k\u1ef9 n\u0103ng n\u00e0y v\u00e0 d\u1ea7n \u0111u\u1ed5i k\u1ecbp v\u1ecb th\u1ebf th\u1ed1ng l\u0129nh c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u1edf \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng. Khi Christopher Columbus ti\u1ebfp c\u1eadn ng\u01b0\u1eddi k\u1ebf v\u1ecb c\u1ee7a Henry l\u00e0 Vua John II \u0111\u1ec3 xin t\u00e0i tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c h\u1ea3i h\u00e0nh v\u1ec1 ph\u00eda T\u00e2y v\u1edbi mong mu\u1ed1n t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng m\u1edbi t\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9 v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm m\u1ed9t v\u1ecb qu\u00e2n ch\u1ee7 b\u1ea3o tr\u1ee3 cho c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n, Vua John \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i. V\u00ec th\u1ebf Columbus \u0111\u00e3 quay sang Ferdinand v\u00e0 Isabella, xin \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c c\u1ea5p ba con thuy\u1ec1n, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c phong ch\u1ee9c v\u1ee5 \u0110\u00f4 \u0111\u1ed1c \u0110\u1ea1i d\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng \u0111\u1ed1c c\u1ee7a t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u00e0 \u00f4ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c, c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c chia 1\/10 s\u1ed1 l\u1ee3i t\u1ee9c t\u1eeb thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba. Nh\u00e0 vua v\u00e0 ho\u00e0ng h\u1eadu T\u00e2y Ban Nha \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd*. Khi Columbus tr\u1edf v\u1ec1 ca kh\u00fac kh\u1ea3i ho\u00e0n, Vua John nh\u1eadn ra \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c r\u1eb1ng \u00f4ng \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea1m ph\u1ea3i m\u1ed9t sai l\u1ea7m qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn. Nh\u1edd c\u00f3 kh\u00e1m ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a Columbus, T\u00e2y Ban Nha tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed1i th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00e1ng g\u1eddm, c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng c\u1ea1nh tranh trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf h\u1ea3i ngo\u1ea1i c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 tranh gi\u00e0nh c\u00e1c tuy\u1ebfn \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng bi\u1ec3n, \u0111e d\u1ecda v\u1ecb th\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9c quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha. M\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u lo l\u1eafng v\u1ec1 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra xung \u0111\u1ed9t, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t tr\u00ean c\u00e1c v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t m\u1edbi, b\u1edfi l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u1ee7a c\u1ea3 hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ec1u lo s\u1ee3 tr\u01b0\u1edbc chi ph\u00ed c\u1ea3 v\u1ec1 ti\u1ec1n b\u1ea1c l\u1eabn nh\u00e2n m\u1ea1ng qu\u00e1 l\u1edbn m\u1ed9t khi chi\u1ebfn tranh to\u00e0n di\u1ec7n gi\u1eefa hai c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 n\u00e0y n\u1ed5 ra*. https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","May m\u1eafn cho c\u1ea3 hai, Ferdinand v\u00e0 Isabella quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh xin \u00fd ki\u1ebfn c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi c\u00f3 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n cao h\u01a1n: \u0111\u1ea1i di\u1ec7n c\u1ee7a Ch\u00faa tr\u00ean tr\u00e1i \u0111\u1ea5t, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Alexander VI (tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi g\u1ed1c T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea7u l\u00ean tr\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u00f3 v\u1edbi s\u1ef1 h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y Ban Nha). V\u1edbi t\u01b0 c\u00e1ch l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi ph\u00e2n x\u1eed, Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng Alexander VI \u0111\u00e3 v\u1ebd m\u1ed9t \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng t\u1eeb c\u1ef1c B\u1eafc xu\u1ed1ng c\u1ef1c Nam chia \u0111\u00f4i T\u00e2y B\u00e1n c\u1ea7u. Nh\u1eefng v\u00f9ng \u0111\u1ea5t \u1edf ph\u00eda T\u00e2y \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng th\u1eb3ng n\u00e0y thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 T\u00e2y Ban Nha, ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng thu\u1ed9c v\u1ec1 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha. Cho r\u1eb1ng ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft n\u00e0y thi\u00ean v\u1ecb T\u00e2y Ban Nha, B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha ban \u0111\u1ea7u \u0111\u00e3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng. Tuy nhi\u00ean, \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t n\u00e0y \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng cho c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c \u0111\u00e0m ph\u00e1n d\u1eabn t\u1edbi hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc Tordesillas, \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c k\u00fd k\u1ebft n\u0103m 1494. (\u0110\u01b0\u1eddng ph\u00e2n \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c hai b\u00ean \u0111\u1ed3ng thu\u1eadn \u0111i ngang qua Brazil ng\u00e0y nay v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u n\u00e0y gi\u1ea3i th\u00edch t\u1ea1i sao ng\u01b0\u1eddi Brazil n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha trong khi ph\u1ea7n c\u00f2n l\u1ea1i c\u1ee7a Nam M\u1ef9 l\u1ea1i n\u00f3i ti\u1ebfng T\u00e2y Ban Nha.) Nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf c\u1ea3 hai th\u1ee7 \u0111\u00f4 \u0111\u1ec1u tuy\u00ean b\u1ed1 \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng. T\u00e2y Ban Nha h\u1ee3p th\u1ee9c h\u00f3a vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh khai ph\u00e1; B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y tin l\u00e0 con \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng t\u1ed1t h\u01a1n \u0111\u1ec3 d\u1eabn t\u1edbi \u1ea4n \u0110\u1ed9. Nh\u01b0 s\u1eed gia A. R. Disney \u0111\u00e3 ghi l\u1ea1i, Tordesillas \u201ctr\u1edf th\u00e0nh hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng c\u0103n b\u1ea3n c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ebf ch\u1ebf, \u0111\u1ecbnh ngh\u0129a c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u2018chinh ph\u1ee5c\u2019 t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u1ee9ng cho t\u1edbi t\u1eadn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVIII\u201d. Vai tr\u00f2 c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng trong vi\u1ec7c x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng \u0111\u00e3 t\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u01a1 gi\u00fap c\u00e1c b\u00ean t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng n\u1ed9i dung c\u1ee7a hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc. C\u00e1c nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u d\u1ef1a v\u00e0o th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng, tu\u00e2n theo c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a Gi\u00e1o ho\u00e0ng bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 r\u00fat ph\u00e9p th\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng. C\u1ea3 hai qu\u1ed1c gia \u0111\u1ec1u bi\u1ec7n minh r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c chinh ph\u1ea1t c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh l\u00e0 \u0111\u1ec3 thu ph\u1ee5c nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb ngo\u1ea1i \u0111\u1ea1o v\u00e0 c\u1ea3i ch\u00fang sang \u0111\u1ea1o Thi\u00ean Ch\u00faa. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, khi c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ef1c d\u00e2n m\u1edbi nh\u01b0 Anh, Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 H\u00e0 Lan tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady trong nh\u1eefng th\u1eadp ni\u00ean ti\u1ebfp theo, T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n n\u1eafm ch\u1eb7t h\u01a1n danh ngh\u0129a l\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 hi\u1ec7n tr\u1ea1ng, v\u1ed1n do ch\u00ednh Vatican ch\u1ea5p thu\u1eadn. Ch\u00ednh v\u00ec th\u1ebf, kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 xung \u0111\u1ed9t nghi\u00eam tr\u1ecdng n\u00e0o gi\u1eefa hai n\u01b0\u1edbc trong v\u00f2ng g\u1ea7n m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf k\u1ef7. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc 1: Nh\u1eefng th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n \u1edf c\u1ea5p \u0111\u1ed9 cao h\u01a1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 gi\u1ea3i quy\u1ebft xung \u0111\u1ed9t m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng d\u1eabn t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh. K\u1ec3 t\u1eeb khi h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 lu\u1eadt h\u1ecdc https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","ng\u01b0\u1eddi H\u00e0 Lan Hugo Grotius \u0111\u1ec1 xu\u1ea5t \u00fd t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t x\u00e3 h\u1ed9i \u0111\u01a1n nh\u1ea5t, to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia - d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c v\u00e0o th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XVII, c\u00e1c l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft gia \u0111\u00e3 lu\u00f4n m\u01a1 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111i\u1ec1u h\u00e0nh b\u1edfi lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. Sau Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II, c\u00e1c ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch \u0111\u00e3 ph\u1ea3i v\u1eadt l\u1ed9n v\u1edbi khao kh\u00e1t n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec3 c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 h\u00ecnh th\u00e0nh n\u00ean Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c. Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c \u0111\u00e3 thi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u00ean m\u1ed9t khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 cho lu\u1eadt qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u01b0\u1edbi s\u1ef1 gi\u00e1m s\u00e1t b\u1edfi H\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng B\u1ea3o an, m\u00e0 theo l\u00fd thuy\u1ebft c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ph\u1ea3i tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u0103m c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c th\u1eddi b\u1ea5y gi\u1edd - M\u1ef9, Li\u00ean X\u00f4, Trung Qu\u1ed1c, Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p - m\u1ed7i n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0111\u1ec1u kh\u0103ng kh\u0103ng gi\u1eef l\u1ea1i quy\u1ec1n ph\u1ee7 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u01b0\u1edbc c\u00e1c quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u1ee7a h\u1ed9i \u0111\u1ed3ng. Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng Li\u00ean h\u1ee3p qu\u1ed1c k\u00eau g\u1ecdi m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c trong c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh x\u1eed c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh, bao g\u1ed3m vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean kh\u00e1c. Tuy v\u1eady, vi\u1ec7c di\u1ec5n gi\u1ea3i nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c n\u00e0y nh\u01b0 th\u1ebf n\u00e0o l\u1ea1i t\u00f9y thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o c\u00e1c th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean. \u0110i\u1ec1u 51 c\u1ee7a Hi\u1ebfn ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cho ph\u00e9p m\u1ed7i qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 \u201cquy\u1ec1n t\u1ef1 v\u1ec7\u201d. M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y quy\u1ec1n n\u00e0y t\u1edbi nh\u1eefng gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n m\u1edbi v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2003 khi n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y bi\u1ec7n h\u1ed9 r\u1eb1ng cu\u1ed9c t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng v\u00e0o Iraq l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u201ct\u1ef1 v\u1ec7 mang t\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ea7u\u201d, v\u00ec Saddam Hussein s\u1edf h\u1eefu v\u0169 kh\u00ed h\u1ee7y di\u1ec7t h\u00e0ng lo\u1ea1t v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u201cm\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda c\u1ea5p b\u00e1ch\u201d. M\u1edbi \u0111\u00e2y, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Obama \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ea9y gi\u1edbi h\u1ea1n ra xa h\u01a1n b\u1eb1ng vi\u1ec7c \u0111\u01a1n ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ra l\u1ec7nh t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u00e1c nh\u00f3m m\u00e0 M\u1ef9 cho l\u00e0 \u201ckh\u1ee7ng b\u1ed1\u201d \u1edf b\u1ea3y qu\u1ed1c gia*. Theo nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, b\u1ea3y th\u1eadp ni\u00ean v\u1eeba qua \u0111\u00e3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn s\u1ef1 ti\u1ebfn b\u1ed9 v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc trong vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t \u201ch\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean lu\u1eadt ph\u00e1p\u201d. Nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a hi\u1ec7n th\u1ef1c kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t khi \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u1ede \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, h\u1ecd cho r\u1eb1ng c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc m\u1ea1nh th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean coi th\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ec7 th\u1ed1ng m\u1ed7i khi h\u1ecd nh\u1eadn th\u1ea5y n\u00f3 kh\u00f4ng ph\u00f9 h\u1ee3p v\u1edbi l\u1ee3i \u00edch qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh. V\u00ed d\u1ee5, v\u00e0o n\u0103m 2016, M\u1ef9 d\u1eabn \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfn d\u1ecbch l\u00ean \u00e1n Trung Qu\u1ed1c v\u00ec qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0y kh\u00f4ng c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn k\u1ebft lu\u1eadn c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a Tr\u1ecdng t\u00e0i Th\u01b0\u1eddng tr\u1ef1c, trong \u0111\u00f3 b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u00eau s\u00e1ch c\u1ee7a B\u1eafc Kinh t\u1ea1i Bi\u1ec3n \u0110\u00f4ng. M\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 nh\u00e0 ph\u00e2n t\u00edch coi \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ea1o \u0111\u1ee9c gi\u1ea3, nh\u1eafc l\u1ea1i vi\u1ec7c Washington \u0111\u00e3 c\u00f3 h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 khi t\u1eeb ch\u1ed1i c\u00f4ng nh\u1eadn ph\u00e1n quy\u1ebft ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i M\u1ef9 c\u1ee7a T\u00f2a \u00e1n C\u00f4ng l\u00fd Qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf, khi CIA ti\u1ebfn https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","h\u00e0nh th\u1ea3 m\u00ecn d\u1ecdc theo c\u00e1c c\u1ea3ng c\u1ee7a Nicaragua v\u00e0o th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1980 trong n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c l\u1eadt \u0111\u1ed5 ch\u00ednh ph\u1ee7 Sandinista*. R\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, v\u00e0o th\u1eddi \u0111i\u1ec3m n\u00e0y, vi\u1ec7c tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf b\u1ed9c l\u1ed9 nhi\u1ec1u h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3. Tuy nhi\u00ean, n\u1ebfu c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn nh\u1eefng r\u00e0ng bu\u1ed9c v\u00e0 quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u01b0a ra b\u1edfi c\u00e1c th\u1ea9m quy\u1ec1n si\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia hay c\u00e1c khu\u00f4n kh\u1ed5 ph\u00e1p l\u00fd, t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec m\u00e0 nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 cai tr\u1ecb \u1edf T\u00e2y Ban Nha v\u00e0 B\u1ed3 \u0110\u00e0o Nha \u0111\u00e3 l\u00e0m trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XV, c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 n\u00e0y c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u00f3ng vai tr\u00f2 \u0111\u00e1ng k\u1ec3 trong vi\u1ec7c ki\u1ec3m so\u00e1t nh\u1eefng cu\u1ed9c xung \u0111\u1ed9t v\u1ed1n c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 k\u1ebft th\u00fac b\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh. \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p Th\u1eadp ni\u00ean 1990 t\u1edbi nay Henry Kissinger \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ec1 c\u1eadp t\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00f2ng xo\u00e1y \u0111\u1ecbnh m\u1ec7nh tr\u1edb tr\u00eau: \u201c70 n\u0103m sau khi \u0111\u00e1nh b\u1ea1i y\u00eau s\u00e1ch b\u00e1 ch\u1ee7 ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c, nh\u1eefng k\u1ebb chi\u1ebfn th\u1eafng nay l\u1ea1i \u0111ang l\u1ea1y l\u1ee5c van n\u00e0i \u0110\u1ee9c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu b\u1edfi c\u00e1c l\u00fd do kinh t\u1ebf.\u201d N\u0103m 1989, sau khi B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng Berlin s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh Margaret Thatcher \u0111\u00e3 h\u1ed1i th\u00fac T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng George H. W. Bush ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t di\u1ec5n ra qu\u00e1 nhanh ch\u00f3ng, c\u1ea3nh b\u00e1o r\u1eb1ng \u201cnh\u1eefng g\u00ec Hitler kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c qua chi\u1ebfn tranh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd \u0111\u1ea1t \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trong h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d*. Tr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c h\u00e0nh \u0111\u1ed9ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u00e0 m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd h\u01a1n \u0111\u00f4i khi t\u1ea1o ra s\u1ef1 o\u00e1n gi\u1eadn, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady chi\u1ebfm \u01b0u th\u1ebf c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00f4ng ch\u1ec9 x\u1ea3y ra m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u1ea7n t\u1edbi chi\u1ebfn tranh, m\u00e0 c\u00f2n x\u1ea3y ra trong m\u1ed9t b\u1ed1i c\u1ea3nh xung \u0111\u1ed9t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng g\u1ea7n nh\u01b0 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t \u0111i\u1ec1u kh\u00f3 ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn. Nh\u1eefng l\u00fd do \u0111\u1eb1ng sau qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y s\u1ebd \u0111em l\u1ea1i nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ee3i \u00fd h\u1eefu \u00edch. Th\u1ebf chi\u1ebfn II k\u1ebft th\u00fac v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i Li\u00ean X\u00f4 chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c, trong khi c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ea1o qu\u00e2n do M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ee9ng \u0111\u1ea7u chi\u1ebfm \u0111\u00f3ng ph\u1ea7n ph\u00eda T\u00e2y. S\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n chia n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 l\u1eddi gi\u1ea3i cho \u201cv\u1ea5n \u0111\u1ec1 \u0110\u1ee9c\u201d v\u1ed1n l\u00e0 g\u1ed1c r\u1ec5 c\u1ee7a hai cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn tranh th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi trong th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX. Khi B\u1ee9c m\u00e0n s\u1eaft \u201ctho\u00e1i lui tr\u00ean kh\u1eafp ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c , nh\u01b0 Churchill \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh c\u1ea1nh tranh gi\u1eefa Li\u00ean X\u00f4 v\u00e0 \u201cth\u1ebf gi\u1edbi t\u1ef1 do\u201d tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh r\u1ea1n n\u1ee9t ch\u1ee7 y\u1ebfu c\u1ee7a ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. \u0110\u1ec3 \u0111\u00e1p tr\u1ea3, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc B\u1eafc \u0110\u1ea1i T\u00e2y D\u01b0\u01a1ng (NATO). Theo ph\u00e1t ng\u00f4n \u0111\u1ea7y ch\u00e2m bi\u1ebfm v\u1eabn https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","th\u01b0\u1eddng xuy\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c l\u1eb7p \u0111i l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i t\u1eeb v\u1ecb t\u1ed5ng th\u01b0 k\u00fd \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean c\u1ee7a NATO, nhi\u1ec7m v\u1ee5 c\u1ee7a t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c n\u00e0y l\u00e0 \u201cgi\u1eef cho ng\u01b0\u1eddi Nga \u1edf ngo\u00e0i, ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 \u1edf trong v\u00e0 ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 ng\u00f3c \u0111\u1ea7u l\u00ean \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c\u201d. Quy\u1ebft t\u00e2m kh\u00f4ng \u0111\u1ec3 l\u1eb7p l\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng m\u00f4 th\u1ee9c ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf \u0111\u00e3 bi\u1ebfn ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tr\u01b0\u1eddng ch\u1ebft ch\u00f3c trong ph\u1ea7n l\u1edbn th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX, nh\u1eefng nh\u00e0 l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00e2u \u00c2u \u0111\u1ea7y s\u00e1ng su\u1ed1t nh\u01b0 Jean Monnet v\u00e0 Robert Schuman \u0111\u00e3 th\u00fac \u0111\u1ea9y s\u1ef1 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c kinh t\u1ebf m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd gi\u1eefa c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1edbi nhau, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 gi\u1eefa Ph\u00e1p v\u00e0 \u0110\u1ee9c. M\u1ea1ng l\u01b0\u1edbi th\u01b0\u01a1ng m\u1ea1i n\u00e0y s\u1edbm ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Th\u1ecb tr\u01b0\u1eddng Chung ch\u00e2u \u00c2u trong \u0111\u00f3 h\u00e0ng h\u00f3a \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c trao \u0111\u1ed5i t\u1ef1 do m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng b\u1ecb \u00e1p \u0111\u1eb7t thu\u1ebf quan. \u0110\u00e2y ch\u00ednh l\u00e0 vi\u00ean g\u1ea1ch \u0111\u1ea7u ti\u00ean gi\u00fap x\u00e2y d\u1ef1ng n\u00ean m\u1ed9t d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u1edbn h\u01a1n v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ea7y tham v\u1ecdng, v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch \u0111\u1eb7t c\u00e1c y\u1ebfu t\u1ed1 li\u00ean quan t\u1edbi ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia n\u1eb1m b\u00ean d\u01b0\u1edbi c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf si\u00eau qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Trong hi\u1ec7p \u01b0\u1edbc th\u00e0nh l\u1eadp C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng Than - Th\u00e9p ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u1ed9t trong nh\u1eefng t\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c ti\u1ec1n th\u00e2n c\u1ee7a EU, Monnet \u0111\u00e3 m\u00f4 t\u1ea3 m\u1ed9t th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf s\u1ebd \u201cthi\u1ebft l\u1eadp n\u1ec1n t\u1ea3ng v\u1eefng ch\u1eafc cho Li\u00ean bang ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, v\u1ed1n kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 t\u00e1ch r\u1eddi qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh duy tr\u00ec h\u00f2a b\u00ecnh\u201d. M\u1ed9t v\u00e0i ch\u00ednh kh\u00e1ch c\u00f3 t\u1ea7m nh\u00ecn xa tr\u00f4ng r\u1ed9ng, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 s\u1eafp \u0111\u1eb7t n\u1ed7 l\u1ef1c tr\u00ean, th\u1eadm ch\u00ed c\u00f2n m\u01a1 m\u1ed9ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t t\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u1ef1 nh\u01b0 m\u00f4 h\u00ecnh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9. Tuy v\u1eady t\u1ea5t c\u1ea3 c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc, bao g\u1ed3m ch\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c, d\u01b0\u1eddng nh\u01b0 \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd r\u1eb1ng \u0110\u1ee9c v\u1eabn s\u1ebd l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t th\u00e0nh vi\u00ean th\u1ee9 y\u1ebfu. Hi\u1ec3u m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf r\u1eb1ng th\u1ea3m h\u1ecda di\u1ec7t ch\u1ee7ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi Do Th\u00e1i v\u00e0 c\u00e1c t\u1ed9i \u00e1c ch\u1ed1ng l\u1ea1i lo\u00e0i ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u00e1c \u0111\u1ec1u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh d\u01b0\u1edbi b\u00e0n tay c\u1ee7a ch\u1ebf \u0111\u1ed9 Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3, ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c kh\u00f4ng tin t\u01b0\u1edfng v\u00e0o ch\u00ednh b\u1ea3n th\u00e2n h\u1ecd v\u00e0 s\u1eb5n s\u00e0ng ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn m\u1ed9t vai tr\u00f2 ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c b\u00ean trong c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tuy nhi\u00ean, trong ch\u01b0\u01a1ng cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh, khi B\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u1eddng Berlin s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5, vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c xu\u1ea5t hi\u1ec7n. C\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed1i t\u00e1c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a T\u00e2y \u0110\u1ee9c ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n ph\u1ea3n \u0111\u1ed1i vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh n\u00e0y. Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Thatcher v\u00e0 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Francois Mitterrand li\u00ean t\u1ee5c h\u01b0\u1edbng v\u1ec1 T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng George H. W. Bush, h\u1ed1i th\u00fac \u00f4ng ng\u0103n ch\u1eb7n qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t. Nh\u01b0 \u0110\u1ea1i s\u1ee9 Ph\u00e1p t\u1ea1i \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh c\u00f4ng khai, th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t \u201cs\u1ebd sinh ra m\u1ed9t ch\u00e2u \u00c2u b\u1ecb n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb, \u0111i\u1ec1u m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng qu\u1ed1c gia n\u00e0o \u1edf ph\u00eda \u0110\u00f4ng l\u1eabn ph\u00eda T\u00e2y mong mu\u1ed1n\u201d. Tuy nhi\u00ean, T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Bush v\u00e0 nh\u00f3m c\u1ed1 v\u1ea5n an ninh qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u00f4ng v\u1eabn b\u1ecf qua. H\u1ecd kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t v\u1eabn s\u1ebd n\u1eb1m trong NATO - ch\u1ee9 kh\u00f4ng t\u01b0\u1edbc b\u1ecf v\u0169 kh\u00ed hay bi\u1ebfn n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y th\u00e0nh trung l\u1eadp nh\u01b0 nh\u1eefng g\u00ec l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o Li\u00ean X\u00f4 Mikhail Gorbachev mong mu\u1ed1n. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi Bush, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o c\u00e1c th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u s\u1ebd tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh h\u00f2n \u0111\u00e1 t\u1ea3ng trong vi\u1ec5n c\u1ea3nh c\u1ee7a \u00f4ng v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u00e2u \u00c2u nguy\u00ean v\u1eb9n v\u00e0 t\u1ef1 do\u201d*. Nh\u01b0 Thatcher v\u00e0 Mitterand \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n, s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh kinh t\u1ebf ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng gia t\u0103ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 t\u1eebng b\u01b0\u1edbc gi\u00fap n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ti\u1ebfng n\u00f3i ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb quy\u1ebft \u0111\u1ecbnh \u1edf ch\u00e2u l\u1ee5c. N\u0103m 1989, GDP \u0110\u1ee9c t\u01b0\u01a1ng \u0111\u01b0\u01a1ng v\u1edbi GDP c\u1ee7a Anh v\u00e0 Ph\u00e1p; v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ebfn ng\u00e0y nay l\u1ea1i l\u1edbn h\u01a1n t\u1edbi 40%. Khi C\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EC) tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh Li\u00ean minh ch\u00e2u \u00c2u (EU) v\u00e0 \u0111a s\u1ed1 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia EU ph\u1ea3i hy sinh c\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n qu\u1ed1c gia c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd \u0111\u1ec3 t\u1ea1o ra m\u1ed9t \u0111\u1ed3ng euro chung, Ng\u00e2n h\u00e0ng Trung \u01b0\u01a1ng ch\u00e2u \u00c2u l\u1ea1i \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c. Tuy v\u1eady, ngay c\u1ea3 khi s\u1ef1 n\u1ed5i b\u1eadt c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c gia t\u0103ng, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng chi\u1ebfn l\u01b0\u1ee3c h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1edbi nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng. Nh\u01b0 h\u1ecdc gi\u1ea3 n\u1ed5i ti\u1ebfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c Helga Haftendorn \u0111\u00e3 nh\u1eadn x\u00e9t, EU cho ph\u00e9p ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh cho m\u1ed9t m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch v\u0129 \u0111\u1ea1i h\u01a1n v\u00e0 t\u1ea1o ra \u201cm\u1ed9t \u2018n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c ch\u00e2u \u00c2u h\u00f3a\u2019 thay v\u00ec m\u1ed9t \u2018ch\u00e2u \u00c2u c\u1ee7a ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c\u2019\u201d. Trong qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh vi\u1ebft cu\u1ed1n s\u00e1ch n\u00e0y, th\u1eed nghi\u1ec7m ch\u00e2u \u00c2u v\u1eabn c\u00f2n ch\u01b0a ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn. Khi kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u00e0i ch\u00ednh to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u t\u1ea1o ra \u00e1p l\u1ef1c \u0111\u00e8 n\u1eb7ng l\u00ean nh\u1eefng m\u00e2u thu\u1eabn hi\u1ec7n h\u1eefu c\u00f9ng v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed3ng Euro (l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch ti\u1ec1n t\u1ec7 chung m\u00e0 kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 m\u1ed9t ch\u00ednh s\u00e1ch t\u00e0i kh\u00f3a chung) v\u00e0 bu\u1ed9c ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c ph\u1ea3i ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh b\u1ea3o l\u00e3nh Hy L\u1ea1p c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 m\u1ed9t s\u1ed1 qu\u1ed1c gia kh\u00e1c, nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0111\u00e3 d\u1ef1 \u0111o\u00e1n v\u1ec1 s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft th\u00fac c\u1ee7a \u0111\u1ed3ng ti\u1ec1n chung ch\u00e2u \u00c2u. Tuy v\u1eady, \u0111\u1ed3ng Euro v\u1eabn t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i. Khi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u tr\u00e0n ng\u1eadp d\u00f2ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u1ecb n\u1ea1n t\u1edbi t\u1eeb c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia b\u1ea5t \u1ed5n h\u1eadu M\u00f9a xu\u00e2n \u1ea2 R\u1eadp, nh\u1eefng ng\u01b0\u1eddi theo ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a ho\u00e0i nghi ch\u00e2u \u00c2u m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa l\u1ea1i gi\u01b0\u01a1ng cao bi\u1ec3u ng\u1eef \u201ck\u1ebft th\u00fac \u0111\u00e3 t\u1edbi g\u1ea7n\u201d. Cu\u1ed9c b\u1ecf phi\u1ebfu Brexit v\u00e0o th\u00e1ng 6 n\u0103m 2016 \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 Anh r\u1eddi kh\u1ecfi EU \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi l\u00e0 d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng b\u00e1o hi\u1ec7u s\u1ef1 s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5 s\u1eafp t\u1edbi c\u1ee7a tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 h\u1eadu Chi\u1ebfn tranh L\u1ea1nh. Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, theo c\u00e1ch hi\u1ec3u c\u1ee7a nh\u1eefng ki\u1ebfn tr\u00fac s\u01b0 t\u1ea1o n\u00ean d\u1ef1 \u00e1n ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, m\u1eb7c d\u00f9 c\u00e1c cu\u1ed9c kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng \u0111e d\u1ecda t\u1edbi s\u1ef1 t\u1ed3n vong c\u1ee7a li\u00ean minh l\u00e0 https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111i\u1ec1u ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn s\u1ebd x\u1ea3y ra, li\u00ean minh v\u1eabn s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng s\u1ee5p \u0111\u1ed5. Th\u1eadt v\u1eady, t\u1eeb quan \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd, kh\u1ee7ng ho\u1ea3ng t\u1ea1o ra c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i gi\u00fap t\u0103ng c\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp theo nhi\u1ec1u c\u00e1ch m\u00e0 ph\u1ea3n kh\u00e1ng ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 l\u00e0m \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c. M\u1eb7c d\u00f9 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng ch\u1ee7 \u0111\u1ed9ng, \u0110\u1ee9c hi\u1ec7n t\u1ea1i kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. N\u0103m 1945, n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y b\u1ecb \u00e9p ph\u1ea3i gi\u1ea3i gi\u00e1p v\u0169 kh\u00ed v\u00e0 phi qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1 h\u00f3a nh\u01b0 l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t ph\u1ea7n c\u1ee7a qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh lo\u1ea1i b\u1ecf ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ea3ng Qu\u1ed1c x\u00e3. S\u1ef1 \u0111\u1ea3m b\u1ea3o an ninh c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9, \u0111\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t l\u00e0 \u201cchi\u1ebfc \u00f4 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n\u201d c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 t\u1ed3n t\u1ea1i sau khi th\u1ed1ng nh\u1ea5t, khi\u1ebfn cho c\u00e1c l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng c\u1ee7a \u0110\u1ee9c an t\u00e2m r\u1eb1ng n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y s\u1ebd kh\u00f4ng c\u00f3 b\u1ea5t c\u1ee9 l\u00fd do n\u00e0o \u0111\u1ec3 gia t\u0103ng s\u1ee9c m\u1ea1nh qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. Theo th\u1eddi gian, c\u00e1c l\u00e3nh \u0111\u1ea1o \u0110\u1ee9c \u0111\u00e3 c\u1ed1 g\u1eafng t\u00ecm ki\u1ebfm l\u00fd do bi\u1ec7n minh cho tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p n\u00e0y b\u1eb1ng c\u00e1ch \u1ee7ng h\u1ed9 m\u1ed9t tr\u1eadt t\u1ef1 qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf theo kh\u00e1i ni\u1ec7m h\u1eadu hi\u1ec7n \u0111\u1ea1i, xem an ninh v\u1ec1 c\u0103n b\u1ea3n l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t tr\u1ea1ng th\u00e1i t\u1ef1 nhi\u00ean. C\u0169ng nh\u01b0 h\u1ea7u h\u1ebft nh\u1eefng qu\u1ed1c gia ch\u00e2u \u00c2u kh\u00e1c, qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y nay v\u00ec th\u1ebf mang \u00fd ngh\u0129a bi\u1ec3u t\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00e0 nghi l\u1ec5 h\u01a1n l\u00e0 th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf. Theo ngh\u0129a \u0111\u00f3, m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c qu\u00e2n phi\u1ec7t kh\u00f4ng ph\u1ea3i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t qu\u1ed1c gia \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d trong ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb qu\u1ed1c t\u1ebf. B\u00e0i h\u1ecdc 2: C\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c \u0111\u1eb7t trong nh\u1eefng th\u1ec3 ch\u1ebf an ninh, ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb v\u00e0 kinh t\u1ebf r\u1ed9ng l\u1edbn h\u01a1n, gi\u00fap h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf nh\u1eefng h\u00e0nh vi \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c cho l\u00e0 \u201cb\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng\u201d trong l\u1ecbch s\u1eed. N\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c l\u00e0 v\u00ed d\u1ee5 v\u1ec1 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c kinh t\u1ebf v\u00e0 ch\u00ednh tr\u1ecb nh\u01b0ng \u0111\u1ed3ng th\u1eddi l\u1ea1i l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t \u201cch\u00fa l\u00f9n\u201d v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t qu\u00e2n s\u1ef1. \u0110\u1ea5t n\u01b0\u1edbc n\u00e0y h\u1ed9i nh\u1eadp v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t kinh t\u1ebf v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u1ea3o v\u1ec7 b\u1edfi ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ea3o h\u1ed9 an ninh M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t chi\u1ebfc \u00f4 h\u1ea1t nh\u00e2n. N\u1ebfu m\u1ed9t s\u1ef1 k\u1ebft h\u1ee3p bao g\u1ed3m c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng kinh t\u1ebf, l\u00e0n s\u00f3ng nh\u1eadp c\u01b0 v\u00e0 s\u1ef1 h\u1ed3i sinh c\u1ee7a ch\u1ee7 ngh\u0129a d\u00e2n t\u1ed9c d\u00e2n t\u00fay khi\u1ebfn EU tan r\u00e3, li\u1ec7u m\u1ed9t n\u01b0\u1edbc \u0110\u1ee9c ng\u00e0y c\u00e0ng m\u1ea1nh m\u1ebd c\u00f3 ti\u1ebfp t\u1ee5c kh\u00f4ng g\u00e2y ra m\u1ed1i \u0111e d\u1ecda \u0111\u1ed1i v\u1edbi c\u00e1c n\u01b0\u1edbc l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng? N\u1ebfu M\u1ef9 suy y\u1ebfu hay th\u1eadm ch\u00ed r\u00fat ra kh\u1ecfi c\u00e1i \u00f4 an ninh c\u1ee7a NATO, li\u1ec7u ch\u00fang ta c\u00f3 ch\u1ee9ng ki\u1ebfn qu\u00e1 tr\u00ecnh qu\u1ed1c gia h\u00f3a c\u00e1c l\u1ef1c l\u01b0\u1ee3ng qu\u00e2n \u0111\u1ed9i \u1edf ch\u00e2u \u00c2u, bao g\u1ed3m \u0110\u1ee9c? V\u00e0 n\u1ebfu chuy\u1ec7n \u0111\u00f3 x\u1ea3y ra, li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c c\u01a1 ch\u1ebf Thucydides c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 khi\u1ebfn cho chi\u1ebfn tranh gi\u1eefa \u0110\u1ee9c v\u00e0 c\u00e1c qu\u1ed1c gia l\u00e1ng gi\u1ec1ng m\u1ed9t l\u1ea7n n\u1eefa c\u00f3 kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng x\u1ea3y ra? Hay, thay v\u00e0o \u0111\u00f3, li\u1ec7u c\u00e1c thay \u0111\u1ed5i v\u1ec1 m\u1eb7t v\u0103n h\u00f3a \u1edf \u0110\u1ee9c https:\/\/thuviensach.vn","\u0111\u00e3 tr\u1edf n\u00ean \u0103n s\u00e2u b\u00e1m r\u1ec5 t\u1edbi n\u1ed7i th\u1eadt kh\u00f3 t\u01b0\u1edfng t\u01b0\u1ee3ng r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi \u0110\u1ee9c s\u1ebd kh\u00f4i ph\u1ee5c truy\u1ec1n th\u1ed1ng th\u01b0\u1ee3ng v\u00f5 c\u1ee7a m\u00ecnh?* M\u1ef9 \u0111\u1ed1i \u0111\u1ea7u Anh \u0110\u1ea7u th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XX Th\u00e0nh c\u00f4ng c\u1ee7a Teddy Roosevelt trong vi\u1ec7c d\u1eabn d\u1eaft n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9 thay th\u1ebf Anh tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh qu\u1ed1c gia th\u1ed1ng tr\u1ecb \u1edf T\u00e2y B\u00e1n c\u1ea7u ph\u1ea3n \u00e1nh nh\u1eefng thay \u0111\u1ed5i trong t\u01b0\u01a1ng quan quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u01a1 b\u1ea3n. Trong ba th\u1eadp k\u1ef7 cu\u1ed1i c\u00f9ng c\u1ee7a th\u1ebf k\u1ef7 XIX, M\u1ef9 \u0111\u00e3 tr\u1ed7i d\u1eady t\u1eeb tro t\u00e0n c\u1ee7a cu\u1ed9c n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn \u0111\u1ec3 tr\u1edf th\u00e0nh m\u1ed9t ng\u01b0\u1eddi kh\u1ed5ng l\u1ed3 v\u1ec1 kinh t\u1ebf. N\u0103m 1850, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 c\u1ee7a Anh v\u00e0 M\u1ef9 b\u1eb1ng nhau. Cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1900, d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 M\u1ef9 nhi\u1ec1u g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i d\u00e2n s\u1ed1 Anh. N\u1ec1n kinh t\u1ebf M\u1ef9 v\u01b0\u1ee3t qua Anh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1870, v\u00e0 l\u1edbn g\u1ea5p \u0111\u00f4i Anh v\u00e0o n\u0103m 1914. N\u0103m 1880, Anh chi\u1ebfm 23% t\u1ed5ng s\u1ea3n l\u01b0\u1ee3ng ch\u1ebf t\u1ea1o to\u00e0n c\u1ea7u. Cho t\u1edbi n\u0103m 1914, t\u1ef7 l\u1ec7 tr\u00ean c\u1ee7a Anh gi\u1ea3m xu\u1ed1ng c\u00f2n 13%, trong khi M\u1ef9 t\u0103ng l\u00ean 32%. Quan h\u1ec7 Anh - M\u1ef9 v\u1eabn c\u00f2n c\u0103ng th\u1eb3ng sau s\u1ef1 chia tay \u0111\u1ea7y cay \u0111\u1eafng c\u1ee7a h\u1ecd. Trong cu\u1ed9c chi\u1ebfn n\u0103m 1812, Anh \u0111\u00e3 thi\u00eau r\u1ee5i Nh\u00e0 Tr\u1eafng trong khi ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng Canada thu\u1ed9c Anh. Trong su\u1ed1t th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 n\u1ed9i chi\u1ebfn M\u1ef9, Anh \u0111\u00e3 nghi\u00eam t\u00fac xem x\u00e9t vi\u1ec7c h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 cho phe Li\u00ean Minh mi\u1ec1n nam, m\u1ed9t th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf m\u00e0 nhi\u1ec1u ng\u01b0\u1eddi M\u1ef9 (bao g\u1ed3m c\u1ea3 Theodore Roosevelt) kh\u00f4ng th\u1ec3 n\u00e0o qu\u00ean*. Khi quy\u1ec1n l\u1ef1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 gia t\u0103ng, y\u00eau c\u1ea7u \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c t\u00f4n tr\u1ecdng v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c gia t\u0103ng \u1ea3nh h\u01b0\u1edfng t\u1ea1i c\u00e1c khu v\u1ef1c kh\u00e1c c\u1ee7a M\u1ef9 c\u0169ng t\u0103ng theo. N\u0103m 1895, khi m\u1ed9t tranh ch\u1ea5p l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 b\u00f9ng ph\u00e1t gi\u1eefa Venezuela v\u00e0 Guyana thu\u1ed9c Anh, Ngo\u1ea1i tr\u01b0\u1edfng Richard Olney y\u00eau c\u1ea7u Anh ch\u1ea5p nh\u1eadn s\u1ef1 ph\u00e2n x\u1eed d\u1ef1a tr\u00ean H\u1ecdc thuy\u1ebft Monroe, kh\u1eb3ng \u0111\u1ecbnh r\u1eb1ng \u201ctr\u00ean th\u1ef1c t\u1ebf, M\u1ef9 c\u00f3 ch\u1ee7 quy\u1ec1n tr\u00ean to\u00e0n b\u1ed9 l\u1ee5c \u0111\u1ecba n\u00e0y\u201d. London b\u00e1c b\u1ecf c\u00e1c y\u00eau c\u1ea7u c\u1ee7a Washington v\u1edbi vi\u1ec7c B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 Thu\u1ed9c \u0111\u1ecba Anh Joseph Chamberlain nh\u1ea5n m\u1ea1nh: \u201cN\u01b0\u1edbc Anh l\u00e0 m\u1ed9t c\u01b0\u1eddng qu\u1ed1c \u1edf ch\u00e2u M\u1ef9 v\u1edbi m\u1ed9t v\u00f9ng l\u00e3nh th\u1ed5 c\u00f3 di\u1ec7n t\u00edch l\u1edbn h\u01a1n ch\u00ednh n\u01b0\u1edbc M\u1ef9.\u201d Th\u1ebf nh\u01b0ng, khi T\u1ed5ng th\u1ed1ng Grover Cleveland \u0111e d\u1ecda ti\u1ebfn h\u00e0nh chi\u1ebfn tranh, ng\u01b0\u1eddi Anh \u0111\u00e3 \u0111\u1ed3ng \u00fd tu\u00e2n th\u1ee7 theo quy ch\u1ebf ph\u00e2n x\u1eed*. Kh\u00f4ng l\u00e2u sau th\u00f4ng \u0111i\u1ec7p c\u1ee7a Cleveland, Th\u1ee7 t\u01b0\u1edbng Anh l\u00e0 Hu\u00e2n t\u01b0\u1edbc Salisbury n\u00f3i v\u1edbi B\u1ed9 tr\u01b0\u1edfng B\u1ed9 T\u00e0i ch\u00ednh r\u1eb1ng chi\u1ebfn tranh v\u1edbi M\u1ef9 \u201ctrong https:\/\/thuviensach.vn"]