Health and Physical Education with Creative Art_Book 6_2079 Revised Edition

Db Eb Gb Ab Bb * C# D# F# G# A# Db * C# C D E F G A B * C whole whole half whole whole whole half There are altogether 12 notes including natural, sharp and flat notes. In a scale, if we go serially, we find a semitone gap between each note. Two half tones make a whole tone or a note. Therefore, in order to find seven natural notes in a scale, we use a formula “Whole Whole Half Whole Whole Whole Half” (WWHWWWH). In this way, we can find seven natural notes (C D E F G A B or ;f /] u d k w lg) in any scale. 12.2 Singing Singing is the activity of performing songs. Singers make musical sounds with their voice. While singing a song, a singer uses voice to produce musical sounds. Singing songs is an art. It is a means to express one’s happiness or sorrow. Singing can be made in various laya. Rhythm (Laya) Rhythm (Laya) is the speed or pace at which a music is played. There are three types of laya. They are: a. Vilambit Laya : It is a slow rhythm. Its speed is 10 to 40 beats per minute. It is used in the performance of Raga in classical music. cf/fx] M |;f– – – |/]– – – |u– – – |d– – – |k– – – |w– – – |lg– – – |;f–+ – – | cj/f]x M |;f+– – – |lg– – – |w– – – |k– – – |d– – – |u– – – |/–] – – |;f– – – | Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 151

b. Madhya Laya : It is a medium rhythm. Its speed is between 80 to 160 beats per minute. It is between Vilambit and Drut Laya. cf/fx] M | ;f – /] – | u – d – | k – w – | lg – ;f+ – | cj/f]x M | ;f+ – lg – | w – k – | d – u – | /] – ;f – | c. Drut Laya : It is a fast rhythm. Its speed is between 160 to 320 beats per minute. cf/fx] M | ;f /] u d | k w lg ;f+ | cj/fx] M | ;f+ lg w k | d u /] ;f | Class Song There is a provision of class songs in every class in school level. A class song has also been kept in the text book of class 6. The class songs carry glorious history of Nepal and Nepalese people. Such songs focus on respect and love towards the country. The class song has to be sung by the students every day. Let’s practice to sing the following class song of class 6 with its music: kv' fs{ f] ;[li6 uf}/j :jfwLg xfdf| ] ljzfn Approved by CDC Nepal lxdfn kxf8 t/fO{ dw;] cv08 xfdf| ] gk] fn :jtGq xfd|f] g]kfn cv08 xfdf| ] g]kfn=======@ Wjhf 5 pRr /fi6s« f] ;fg / zflGtsf] lgzfg of] ;fje{ f}d uf/} jzfnL w/tL xfd|f] dxfg rt] gf v'N5 afn] Ldf xfdf| ] lz/df ;lxb s/f]8f}F xft p7fpF ;fy p7b\\ 5 xfdf| ] g]kfn :jtGq xfd|f] gk] fn ===== @ 152 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6

hflt / efiff, wd{ ;+:sl[ t g]kfnL Kof/f] klxrfg ;Dkbf nfvfF} l;h{gf afN] g] df6fs] f xfdL ;Gtfg of] sde{ l\" d kl;gf l;k dfUb5 d/] } gk] fn Pstf xfdf| ] ;femf 9's9'sL d6' ' xf] gk] fn :jtGq xfd|f] gk] fn ===== @ :sn] M u (Em) tfn M c;f/] -^ dfqf_ :yfoLsf] :j/lnlk | u u u | k w – | ;f+ ;f+ ;f+ | ;f+ – lg | | k' vf { sf] | ;[ li6 › | uf} / › | j › › | | lg lg w | ;f + lg w | d /] d | u – – | | :jf wL g | xf d|f] › | g ] kf › | n › › | | u / ] – | w lg – | k d w | k d u | | lx df n | k xf 8 | t /fO { d | w] ; › | | lg / ] u | k k wlg | k k k | k – – | | c v 08 | xf d|f ] ›› | g] kf › | n › › | | lg lg lg | lg lg w | ;f+ ;f+ – | ;f + – – | | :jf t Gq | xf df| ] › | g] kf › | n › › | | / ] w lg | k d u | k k – | k – – | | c v 08 | xf df| ] › | g] kf – | n › › | x @ x @ Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 153

Local Songs The traditional songs sung in the local area representing local people and their ethnic, lingual and cultural identity are called local songs. The local songs are sung in the different parts of our country. The local songs differ place to place according to the environment, life style of people, place, occasion, region etc. Here, an Asare song with its notation has been presented below, let’s practice it. c;f/] uLt -^ dfqf_ c;f/] df;sf] bAba] lxnf] l5 dnfO{ l3g nfUof] . kftnL gfgLnfO{ kml/of lbFbf 5 la; C0f nfUof] .. c;f/] df;sf] s6' s] f] lrp/f r'NofpbF f r'lnG5 . xftsf] emfn] L lad'v afn] L s'g bz] k'luG5 .. c;f/] df; kfs]sf] rLh kfs]sf] cDr/' . Tof] hfg] sf] xf] kms/]{ x]/ d klg cfpF5' / .. -;ªs\\ ns M ;'lj zfx_ :s]n M ;f (C) tfn M c;f/] c;f/] uLt -^ dfqf_ | ;f + ;f+ ;f + | ;f + ;f+ ;f+ | lg ;f + ;f+ | ;f + ;f+ – | | c ;f / ] | df ; sf] | ba\\ b a ] | lx nf ] › | | lg ;f+ lg | w k – | dk du – | – – – | | l5 d nfO { | lwg \\ nf › | uof ] ›› › | › › › | 154 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 Approved by CDC Nepal

| u u d | k lg w | k w k | d d k | | kf t nL | gf gL nfO{ | km l/ of | lb+ bf › | | u d u | /] ;f lg | ;f – – | – – – | | 5 aL ; | C0f nf › | Uof ] › › | › › › | x @ x @ Practice singing a Bhailo Song en} f] :s]n M ;f (C) tfn M c;f/] e}lnlg cfof}F cfFug a8fnL s8' fnL /fvg x] cfF};Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] en} f] | ;f/ ] k –| du /] ;f| ;f/ ] k –| dk w –| | el} n gL ›| cf› of +} › |cfF› u ›| g› ›› –| | dk d –k| u/ ] ;f w| ;f ;fu /]u| ;f – –| | a8fnL ››| s'8f nL ›| /f v› ››| g › ›| | d – –k| u /] ;f| / ] d –k| uu /];f /]u| | x] › ››| cf} + ;L sf]| lb g ››| ufO{ ltxf /f]›| | /] ;f –| ;f – –| | e} nf] ›| › › ›| x @ Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 155

Children Song Practice singing a Children Song :s]n M /] (Dm) tfn M ;]nf] -* dfqf_ n]ssf xfdL s6] fs6] L s'lx/fl] eq :s'n 5 . rf/}F LnfO{ r/fpFb} lbg laT5 k9\\g / nV] g d'l:sn 5 . :j/lnlk | /] /]d /] dk| w ;f+ /] –| ;f+ /+];f + w kw| d k w –| | n] ssf xf dL›| s6] f s ] 6L ›| s ' lx/f] le q›| : s'n 5 ›| | ;f+ /;+] f+ w kw| d k w –| /] /w] d w| d /] /] –| | rf+} /LnfO{ r /fpb|} lbg \\ lat \\ 5 ›| k9 \\ g/ nv] \\ g| d;' \\ lsn\\ 5 ›| Nepali Folk Song A traditional song originated among the people is called a folk song. Folk songs pass down orally from one to the next. The folk songs are sung in different occasions, festivals and ceremonies using local tunes and folk musical instruments. Different communities have their own folk songs. Palam song belongs to the Limbu community. Sherpa community sings Syabru song. Similarly, Kaura song is popular in the Magar community. The folk songs differ according to culture, caste, religion and place. They represent specific community, occasion or region. Deuda song is a folk song popular in the Sudurpashchim Province of Nepal. This is sung in different occasions. Let’s sing a Deuda song. 156 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 Approved by CDC Nepal

/fO{ em'dfemd' fSof d:Sof ls 5g\\ xf], /fO{ em'df -rf}aGbL 9fsfsf] rfn] f,] l56\\sf] kml/ofsL_ @ kftnL 3/ sxfFxf] tD/f] a}; el/ofsL d t /fO{ emd' f, em'dfSof d:Sof ls 5 xf], /fO{ emd' f Practice Singing a Folk Song s6] f M Rofªj\\ f xf]o Rofªjf, ;g' ;g' xfO] Rofªjf 8Dkm' n] cfh Sof eG5, hfd\\ stf hfd\\ hfd\\ stf hfd\\ stf hfd hfd\\ hfd\\ hfd\\ s]6L M dR} ofª xf]O dR} ofª ;'g ;'g xf]O d}Rofª 8Dk'mn] cfh Sof eG5, w'd\\ kfs\\ w'd\\ w'd\\ kfs\\ wd' \\ wd' \\ kfs\\ w'd\\ wd' \\ wd' \\ w'd\\ :j/lnlk :sn] M w (Am) tfn M c;f/] |w w /+ ] –| ;f+ w – –| ww ww /+] –| ;f+ w – –| |Rofª jf xf ] O| Rofª jf › › | ;g' ;g' xf] O| Rofª jf › ›| |w ;fl+ g wlg wk| w wk u – | w –w w k| w –w w k| |8d\\ km\" n] cf› h›| Sof eg \\ 5 › | hfd \\ ›s tf hfd\\| hfd\\ ›s tf hfd\\| |w –w w k| w w w –| |hfd\\ ›s tf hfd \\ | hfd\\ hfd \\ hfd \\ ›| Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 157

12.3 Playing Musical Instruments It is an art of holding and operating musical instrument. It needs a good skill to play musical instruments. The skill of playing musical instrument helps to have sound mental health. It also strengthens memory power. Rhythm and Notation Rhythm is the way that the music is divided into beats that repeat a specific number of times. Notation is a set of visual instructions for performance of music. Notation for playing Madal | ! @ # | $ % ^ |! | l3+ l3+ tfª | ts\\ l3+ tfª | l3+ Place fingers on harmonium keys 2 3 45 Thumb 1 Right Hand Index finger 2 Middle finger 3 1 Ring finger 4 Little finger 5 /] u d' w lg ;f /] u d k w lg Approved by CDC Nepal 1 2 3 1 2 3 4 158 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6

Practice Playing Madal a. Jhyaure rhythm ¤ofp/ ] ! @ # $ % ^ -^ dfqf_ wL › lt gf lw gf b. Khyali rhythm VofnL ! @ # $ % ^ & * -* dfqf_ lw+ › g lt g s lw+ gf Practice Playing Harmonium or Keyboard != cf/f]x M ;f /] u d k w lg ;f+ . cf}Fnf M ! @ # ! @ # $ % cf/f]x M ;f+ lg w k k u /] ;f . cf}Fnf M % $ # @ ! # @ ! @= cf/f]x M ;fu /d] uk dw klg w;f+ . cf}Fnf M !# @$ #% !# @$ #% cf/f]x M ;f+w lgk wd ku d/] u;f . cfFn} f M %# $@ #! %# $@ #! #= cf/f]x M ;f/u] /u] d udk dkw kwlg wlg;f+ . cfn}F f M !@# @#$ #$% !@# @#$ #$% cf/fx] M ;f+lgw lgwd wkd kdu du/ ] u/];f . cf}Fnf M %$# $#@ #@! %$# $#@ #@! Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 159

$= /u] dk udkw dkwlg kwlg;f+ . cf/f]x M ;f/]ud @#$% #!@# !@#$ @#$% cfn}F f M !@#$ lgwkd wkdu kdu/ ] du/];f . cf/fx] M ;f+lgwk $#@! #@!# %$#@ $#@! cfn}F f M %$#@ Practice Playing Madal -s_ | lw + tfª lw + tfª| lw + tfª lw + tfª| | lw+ lw + lw+ lw+ | tfª tfª tfª tfª | | tfª tfª tfª tfª | lw + lw + tfª tfª | | lw + lw + tfª tfª | lw + tfª lw+ tfª| | lw+ – lw+ – | tfª – tfª – | | lw + – tfª – | tfª – lw + – | | lw + lw+ tfª tfª | lw + tfª lw+ tfª| -v_ | kmt\\ tfª kmt\\ tfª | kmt\\ tfª kmt \\ tfª| | kmt\\ kmt\\ kmt\\ kmt \\ | tfª \\ tfª tfª tfª| | tfª tfª kmt \\ kmt \\ | kmt \\ kmt \\ tfª tfª| | kmt\\ kmt\\ tfª tfª | kmt \\ tfª kmt \\ tfª| | kmt \\ – kmt \\ –| tfª – tfª –| | kmt\\ – tfª –| tfª – kmt\\ –| 160 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 Approved by CDC Nepal

Word Meaning Ascending : becoming higher in pitch Descending : becoming lower in pitch Ethnic : relating to a population subgroup Glorious : having, worthy of, or bringing fame or admiration Harmony : the combination of simultaneously sounded musical notes to produce a pleasing effect Lingual : relating to speech or language Melody : a sequence of single notes that is musically satisfying; a tune Octave : a series of eight notes RECAP v Music has a great importance for entertainment and expressing creativity. v There are a total of 7 natural notes per octave: Sa, Re, Ga, Ma, Pa, Dha, Ni. v One half step higher than the natural note is called a sharp note. v The note that is one half step lower than the natural note is called flat note. v In western music, the natural notes are written as C, D, E, F, G, A, B. v The semitones are written as C#/Db, D#/Eb, F#/Gb, G#/Ab, A#/Bb. v A scale ordered by increasing pitch is an ascending scale, and a scale ordered by decreasing pitch is a descending scale. v Singing songs is an art in which one expresses happiness or sorrow. v The local songs differ place to place according to the environment, life style of people, place, occasion, region etc. v Palam song belongs to the Limbu community. v For playing musical instrument, one needs a good skill. Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 161

EXERCISE Answer the following questions. 1. What is a music? 2. What is notation? Why is notation needed? 3. Write the meaning of natural note, sharp note and flat note. 4. How many octaves are there in a harmonium? How many notes are there in an octave? Write their name. 5. How are the natural notes and semitones written in English? 6. What is a scale? Mention Sa (C) and Pa (G) scale with name. 7. What is a Rhythm (Laya)? Write with examples. PRACTICAL WORK 1. Sing class song/folk song in tune, rhythm and with gesture and posture. 2. Play a song in harmonium/keyboard or any local melodic instrument. 3. Play madal in Jhyaure (Ghin Ti NaGhiNa) and Khyali (Ghin Phat, Tang, Tak Ghin Ghin Tang) with rhythm notes. 4. Play any local musical instrument. 162 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 Approved by CDC Nepal

Unit Dance and Acting 13 Learning Achievement Upon completion of this unit, students will be able to: Introduce the folk dance one has learnt. Dance in 4 beats and 6 beats with appropriate movement of hands and legs. Practice to dance in the folk songs learnt in the class with appropriate posture and gesture. Give general introduction to acting. Perform single and group acting in any story matter of the textbook. 13.1 Dance Dance is a move in a graceful and rhythmical way. It is one of the means to express happiness and sorrow. While dancing, a dancer moves different parts of their body based on the rhythm of the music. It is a kind of artistic and creative presentation of dancer. Dancing in different costumes and movement of body parts add beauty in performance. Introduction of Folk Dance A folk dance is traditional dance of a particular group of people or place. It is a simple dance performed on folk songs. The costume of folk dance is related to a particular community. It provides enough fun to the people. Folk dances reveal the culture of the country. Jhangad, Jhijhiya, Selo, Dhime, Kaura, Jhyaure, Sorathi, Syabru etc. are the folk songs of our country. Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 163

Practice to dance in the following Bhailo song: Approved by CDC Nepal el} ngL cfof}+ cfu“ g e}lngL cfof}F cfFug a8fnL s8' fnL /fvg x] cf;F} Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] en} f] xfdL o;} cfPgf}F anL x} /fhfn] k7fPsf] x] cf}F;Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] en} f] xl/of] ufa] /n] lnks] f] nIdL kh\" f u/]sf] x] cf;}F Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] en} f] h;n] lbG5 dfgf] p;s} f ;g' sf] 5fgf] x] cf;F} Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] e}nf] h:n] lbG5 d'/L p;}sf] ;g' sf] w'/L x] cf;}F Lsf] lbg ufO{ ltxf/f] en} f] Practice to dance in the following Tamang Selo: Rofª\\jf xf] Rofª\\jf Rofªa\\ f xfO] Rofªa\\ f, ;'g ;'g xf]O Rofªa\\ f Rofªa\\ f xf]O Rofª\\af, ;g' ;'g xfO] Rofª\\af 8D] km'n] cfh Sof eG5 < w'd\\ kfsw'd\\, wd' \\ kfsw'd\\, wd' \\ kfswd' \\, wd' \\ dR} ofª xf]O dR} ofª, ;g' ;g' xf]O d}Rofª 8]Dkm'n] cfh Sof eG5 < hd\\ stf hd,\\ hd\\ stf hd\\, hd\\ stf hd\\, hd\\ hd\\ 9ª' l/df /fd|f] Sof eGy], gfsd'v /fd|f] sfG5Lsf] l;Gw'nL 6Lsf Sof eGy], sfG5Lsf] lgwf/ emg /fdf| ] u'lgdf rf]nf] Sof /fdf| ], ul' gdf rfn] f] 164 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6

sfG5Lsf] lhp emg /fdf| ,] sfG5Lsf] lhp ltdL / xfdL ldn]/ lx8], ltdL / xfdL b'lgofnF ] b]Vbf lg emg /fdf| ], b'lgofFn] b]Vbf lg emg /fdf| ] Rofª\\af xf]O ======================== :joDe' yfgsf] s'n bj] tf, sfnfª yfgsf] dn\" b]jtf cfdfsf] 5f/] L d Pp6f, afa'sf] 5f/] f t Pp6f Hofg uP tnF fO{ 5f8] \\b}g, Hofg uP tnF fO{ /fv]sf] jrg tf8] \\bg} , /fvs] f] jrg tnF fO{ xfdf| ] 5f]/fsf,] tnF fO{ xfdf| ] cfKkf gagfO{ 5f]8\\b}g, cfKkf gagfO{ 5f8] b\\ }g d}Rofª xf]O ======================== (A song of Gopal Yonjan and Gyanu Rana) 13.2 Acting Introduction of Acting Acting is the performance of a part or role in a drama. It is an art of expressing one’s feeling through language, ornaments, costumes or body posture. It is also called a theatrical presentation of the imitation of any character of a story by an actor. In acting, the actors focus on facial expression and dialogue. A good actor performs in such a way that the spectators make image in their mind as real. There are various types of acting. Some of the types of acting are: a. Angik : It is an acting performed by the movement of body. Performing by hand postures, moving head, eye expressions etc. is an Angik acting. Angik Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 165

b. Vachik : It is an acting performed by delivering dialogues. In this type of acting, an actor tells story, recites poem or presents some lessons by pronouncing words. c. Aharya : It is an acting performed by putting on ornaments, costumes etc. In this type of acting, a performer puts on various ornaments, costumes, cosmetics, etc. and performs as real one. d. Satwik : It is an acting performed by conveying the meaning or gist of the story. In this type of acting, an actor changes the appearance so as to be looked as real character. Vachik Satwik Aharya Approved by CDC Nepal 166 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6

Word Meaning Artistic : having or revealing natural creative skill Reveal : make known to others Spectator : a person who watches at a show, game or other event RECAP v In dance, a dancer moves different parts of body based on the rhythm of the music. v Folk dance is a simple dance to be performed on folk songs. v Acting is an art of expressing one’s feeling through language, ornaments, costumes or body posture. v In Angik acting, the performer moves head, hand and eye sights. v In Vachik acting, an actor tells story, recites poem or presents some lessons by pronouncing words. v Aharya acting is an acting performed by putting on ornaments, costumes, etc. v In Satwik acting, an actor changes the appearance so as to be looked as real character. Approved by CDC Nepal Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 167

EXERCISE Answer the following questions. 1. What is a dance? 2. What is the relation between a dance and health? Explain. 3. Give a short introduction of folk dance with examples. 4. Mention the difference between dual and group dance. 5. What is acting? 6. What is the role of acting in a dance? 7. What are the types of acting? Explain in brief. 8. “Dance and acting make a person healthy and disciplined.” Justify this statement with logics. Practical WORK 1. Demonstrate a solo, dual or group dance in folk songs with appropriate gesture and posture. 2. Demonstrate a single and group acting in any case found in the textbook (Doing first-aid or any dance performing in various costumes. 168 Health and Physical Education with Creative Art - Book 6 Approved by CDC Nepal